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BOSTON OF TO-DAY 



A GLANCE AT ITS HISTORY AND 
CHARACTERISTICS .^^ 



WITH BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES AND PORTRAITS OF MANY OF ITS 
PROFESSIONAL AND BUSINESS MEN 



COMPIl.En UNDER [HE SUPERVISION 



RICHARD IIERNDON 



n I T E I) n V K D W IN M . li A C O N 



illustiatcli 



BOS r O N 
O S T P U 1^ L I S H I N (; C O M P A N ^' 

IS92 






RICHAIJD HERNDON 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



I. BY WAV OF INTRODUCTION: 

A Glance at the History of Boston — Its Development from 

THE Little Commercial Town to the Great Modern City . i 

II. BOSTON'S BUSINESS INTERESTS: 

Trade and Commerce a Half-century At;o and now ... 3 

III. TRADE CENTRES: 

Retail, Wholesale, and Financial Quarters, past and present . 8 

IV. RAILROADS: 

Development of the Great Lines centring in Bo.ston — The 

Street-Car System 10 

V. SOME NOTEWORTHY BUILDINGS: 

Public and other Structures, Modern and Historic, and Insti- 
tutions WITHIN THE Business Quarters 27 

VI. THE NEW WEST END: 

Rise and Proc.ress of the Back-Bay Improvement — Distinguish- 
iNc; Features of the District To-day — lis Buildings, 
Churches, and Dwellings 54 

\'I1. THE SOUTH END: 

Its Development from the Narrow Neck — Interesting Institu- 
tions .AND Churches — The Great C.athedrai 73 

VIII. NORTH AND OLD WEST ENDS: 

Quaint and Pictures(jue W.\ys and By-wavs — Beacon Hill and 

ITS Literary Quarter — Some Interesting Landmarks . . 81 

L\. THE COMMON AND THE GARDEN: 

Modern Fe.viures of the Historic "Traynini; Field" of 

WiNTHROp's Time and the Newer Park 85 



iv TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

PAGE 

X. THE THEATRES: 

Earlier Boston Playhouses and those of To-day .... 90 

XI. THE CLUBS: 

Features of the many Socla.l and Professional Organizations 

of the Town 100 

Xn. THE OUTLYING DISTRICTS: 

East Boston, South Bo.ston, Roxbury, Dorchester, Charlestown, 

West Roxuury, and Brighton 106 

XIII. BIOGRAPHICAL SKPLTCHES AND PORTRAITS of Business and 

Professional Men 120 




LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 



Boston Harbor, showinc the "Atlant/ 
Richards Building .... 
Station of Boston & Albany Railroad 
Station of Boston & Maine Railroad - 
Station of Boston & Maine R.4ilroad - 
Station of Boston & Maine Railroad - 
SiATioN of the Old Colony R.ailroad - 



OF 'THE White Squadro 



Western Division 
Eastern Division . 
Lowell Division . 
Providence Diviskjn 



Station of Old Colony Railroad — Main Division 

Station of Old Colony R.ailroad at North Easton 

Station of Fitchburg R.ailro.4X) 

\'iEW of Hoosac Tunnel, Fitchburc; R.ailroad . 

Station at Waltham, Fttchhirg Railroad . 

Station of the New York & New England Railroad, with Interior V 

I. The Royal Smoker. 2. Dining Car. 3. Parlor Car. 4. Interior View of Pullmai 

Station of Bos-ton, Revere Beach, & Lynn Railroad . 

\'iEw OF Electric Car on Tremont Street, West End Street Railw.j 

Steamer " Swampscoit," of the Boston, Revere Be.4Ch, & Lynn R.\u. 

Interior View of Power-house of West End Street Railway 

Interior View of Power-house of West End Street Railway 

Chamber of Commerce ..... 

Iron Buildini; — G. T. McLauthlin & Co. 

Faneuil Hall 

Proposed New Building of the International Trust Co.mi 

John H.ancock Building 

Building of the American Bell Telephone Comi'an\- 

State-street ExcHANtiE 

Fiske Building 

John C. Paige Insurance Building 

Ames Building ....... 

New Court House ...... 

Sears Building ....... 

City Hall ....... 



" Wht 

:.ong Isl: 



LIST OF ILLUSTRATION!- 



Ai.i'.iDN Bl'ii.dim; — Houghtdn & Duiton . 
Chaiavkk IkiMiiNG — W. H. Brine . 

State Hol'se 

The Pkmhek'iox ..... 

liLllLUlNi; l)F THE .AMERICAN PROTECnVE LEAGUE 

Hotel Vendo.mk 

CdPLEY Square ...... 

New Public Library 

Blulding of the American Le(;i()n of Honor 
\\'ooDnuRY Building ..... 

Pierce BiiLi.iN.i 

Langhaii Holel 

New England Conserv.viory of Music 
Washingtonian Home .... 
BuiLiiiNG ov THE PoPE Manufacturini; Co.mpanv 

Public Garden 

Interior View OF Boston The.\tre . 
Interior View of Hollis-street Theatre . 
KxiERioR View of the New Columbia Theatre 

PSUILDING of the S. A. WoODS MACHINE COMPANY 

Works of the \\'aluokth Manufacturing Compa 

Boston (;as Works 

Residence of J<ihn P. Spaulding 
Residence of Charles V. Whhten . 
Building of the Forbes Lithographic Compan\ 
Bunker Hill Monument .... 
\\'orks of the I/iw Art Tile Co.mpan\ 
Residence of William F. Weld 



114 
117 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



BY WAY OF INTRODUCTION. 

A GLANX'E .AT THE HISIURV (iF BOSTON ITS DE- 
VELOPMENT FROM THE LITTLE COMMERCTAL TOWH 
TO THE GRE.Vr MODERN CTTV. 

A MONC; .American cities Boston holds a unique 
^ position. It is to-day at once the most 
famous of the few historic cities of the repubUc 
and in the best sense the most progressive. In 
no other city of our bounding country is there 
such a peculiar blending of the old and the new, 
the ancient and the modern, as here in Boston. In 
its business quarters are well-preserved landmarks of 
the colonial, the provincial, and the revolutionary 
periods cheek by jowl with the most modern struct- 
ures of this age of progress. Sterling citizens suc- 
cessfully maintain conservative business methods, 
while enterprises of the greatest importance and 
magnitude in distant parts of the country, as well 
as within the city's boundaries, are fostered and ad- 
vanced by Boston merchants and Boston capitalists. 
Possessing the genius and sagacity of the merchants 
of the earlier Boston who won the fiimous sobriquet 
of " solid," the men of the Boston of To-day also 
display the characteristics which are found in the 
best type of the enterprising American of these 
times. While Boston men have developed from 
the compact litde commercial town of fifty years 
ago the substantial modern metropolis, Boston cap- 
ital has built great Western cities and established 
great Western railways, developing the resources 
of the country and opening up its incalculable 
agricultural and mineral wealth. 

For many years after the setdement, the North 
End, the earliest " court end " of the town, was the 
greater part of Boston proper. The original Boston 



consisted of a " pear-shaped peninsula " about two 
miles long, and one mile wide at its broadest part, 
broken by little creeks and coves and diversified by 
three hills. The loftiest of these — reduced into 
our present Beacon hill — was described by the 
early chroniclers as " a high mountaine with three 
litde hils on the top of it." And it was this forma- 
tion of the highest hill that suggested the name 
" Trimontaine," first given the place by the set- 
tlers at Charlestown, and which Winthrop's men 
changed to " Boston " when they moved across the 
river, in October, 1630, and established the new 
town. Until after the Revolution the topographi- 
cal features of the town were not greatly changed. 
Towards the close of the last century, in 1784, 
Shurtleff relates, the North End, which had then 
" begun to lose its former prestige and gave un- 
questionable evidence of decay and unpopularity," 
contained about 680 dwelling-houses and tene- 
ments and 6 meeting-houses ; " New Boston," 
or that portion we now call the " Old West End," 
including Beacon hill, about 170 dwelling-houses 
and tenements ; and the South End, then extend- 
ing from the "Mill bridge " in Hanover street, over 
the old canal, to the fortifications on "the Neck," 
near Dover street, about 1,250 dwelling-houses, 10 
meeting-houses, all the public buildings, and the 
principal shops and warehouses. " Some of the 
mansion-houses of this part," says Shurdeff, writing 
twenty years ago, " would now be considered mag- 
nificent ; and the Common, although perhaps not 
so artistically laid out, with paths and malls as 
now, was as delightful a training-ground and pub- 
lic walk as at the present time." No streets had 
then been constructed west of Pleasant street and 
the Common. 

Early in the present century, in 1803, Charles 
street was laid out ; the ne.xt year Dorchester Neck 
and Point, the territory forming the greater part of 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



what is now South Boston, were annexed to Boston ; 
twenty years later, when the town had become a city, 
came the great improvements of the elder Quincy, 
the second mayor,' whose administration covered 
six terms, from 1823 to 1829. These included the 
building of the Quincy Market-house, officially 
termed the Faneuil Hall, to the confusion of citizens 
as well as strangers ; the opening of six new streets 
and the enlargement of a seventh ; and the acquisi- 
tion of flats, docks, and wharf rights to the extent 
of 142,000 square feet; "all this," says Quincy's 
Municipal History, " accomplished in the centre of 
a populous city not only without any tax, debt, or 
burden upon its pecuniary resources, but with large 
permanent additions to its real and productive prop- 
erty." Next, in 1830, the development of the 
newer South End, south of Dover street to the Rox- 
bury line, was begun, though not systematically pur- 
sued until about twenty years later; in 1833 the 
upbuilding of " Noddle's Island," before that time 
a "barren waste," we are told, but none the less a 
picturesque spot and a favorite with fishing-parties, 
was energetically started, when its name was changed 
to " East Boston ; " in 1857 the great " Back Bay Im- 
provement," the result of which is the beautiful 
"New West End" of to-day, began; at the same 
time the " marsh at the bottom of the Common," 
over which there had been controversy for years, was 
formally set apart for the Public Garden, and soon 
after systematic plans for its development made ; 
in 1867 the city of Roxbury was annexed to Boston 
by popular vote (becoming officially connected in 
January, 1868), in 1869 the town of Dorchester 
(officially joined in January, 1870), and in 1873 
the city of Charlestown and the towns of Brighton 
and West Roxbury (officially, in January, 1874) ; 
and after the great fire of November, 1872, which 
burned over sixty-five acres in the heart of the busi- 
ness quarter and destroyed property valued at S75,- 
000,000, immense street improvements were made 
through the widening and straightening of old thor- 
oughfares and the opening of new ones, and a 
more substantial and more modern business quar- 
ter, architecturally finer in some respects than any 
similar quarter in any other .American citv, was 
built up. 

By the reclamation of the broad, oozy salt 
marshes, the estuaries, coverts, and bays once 
stretching wide on its southern and northern 
borders, the original 783 acres upon which Boston 
town was settled have been expanded to 1,829 acres 



1 Boston was made a city in 1S22, and John Phillips, father of Wen- 
dell Phillips, was elected the first mayor. The first city government 
was organized on the ist of May that year. 



of solid land, and by annexation from time to time 
21,878 acres have been added," making the present 
total 23,707 acres, or 37.04 square miles. Where 
the area was the narrowest it is now the widest, and 
in place of the compact little town of a hundred 
years ago on its "pear-shaped peninsula" less than 
two miles in its extreme length and its greatest 
breadth only a little more than one, is the greater 
Boston of To-day, extending from north to south 
eleven miles and spreading nine miles from east to 
west. In place of the population of 25,000 which 
the Boston of the first year of the present century 
counted, the Boston of To-day counts 450,000; and 
the taxable valuation of the city has increased from 
115,095,700 in 1800, to $911,638,887 (Feb. i, 
1S92). The total taxable area in the city is 716,- 
215,872 square feet. The total number of dwelling- 
houses is 52,Sj;i ; (if hotels, 86; of family hotels, 
512; of stDn- liiiililinL;^, 3,553; and miscellaneous, 
5,728. In niunu ii)alities within a radius of eight 
miles of the State House the population in 1891 was 
over 680,000, and of twelve miles, 873,000, or 38.97 
per cent, of the entire population of the State. Of 
this surrounding territory the Boston of To-day is 
the real business centre. 

The greatest and most marked changes that have 
taken place between old and new Boston have been 
effected within the memory of many persons now 
living. In the transformation — I'ch of the pictur- 
esqueness and old-time charm has disappeared, but 
in their stead there is much in the beautiful modern 
city to delight the eye ; while the flavor of mellow 
age which with all its modernness the town yet re- 
tains, and the blending of the old and new which it 
so frequently displays, have a fascination which no 
other American city possesses. In its intellectual 
and artistic growth and development its progress has 
been as marked as in its physical aspects and its 
material prosperity. The great educational and 
literary institutions of the Boston of To-day, both 
public and private, stand among the very highest. 
Its ])ublic-school system, its Public Library, its Art 
Museum, its Museum of Natural History, its Insti- 
tute of Technology, its Athenaeum, and its collec- 
tions of historical treasures, are all in their way 
unsurpassed. In literature it has long been pre- 
eminent, and in spite of the gaps which death has 
made in the ranks of its authors, its primacy in this 
respect is not seriously threatened. Many of the 
most important books of the day bear the Boston 

2 In this total are included the S36 acres secured by the develop- 
ment of East Boston, and the 785 acres of Breed's Island. No account 
is made of the 437 acres of Rainsford, Gallop's, Long, Deer, and 
Apple Islands, and the Great Brewster, all of which are within the 
city limits. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



inii)rint, its publishing houses are among the fore- 
most in the country, and the best of its periodical 
publications are held at the high standard which 
Boston was among the earliest in the history of 
American literature to reach. In the department of 
music its superiority is everywhere acknowledged. 
The first of .'\merican cities to take an advanced 
position with respect to musical taste and culture, it 
has steadfastly held the lead, and to-day its Symphony 
Orchestra and its many musical associations admir- 
ably maintain its position. Offering greater advan- 
tages than any other American city, and affording 
through the winters practically unlimited opportuni- 
ties of hearing the very best music of the highest 
grade, it attracts large numbers of musical students 
and patrons of the art. Its theatres, too, are among 
the most beautiful and comfortable in the country. 
And important factors in the social and cultivated 
life of the town are its numerous literary, art, pro- 
fessional, business, and social clubs, many of them 
established in finely appointed club-houses. 

In philanthropic, benevolent, charitable, and 
church work the Boston of To-day is also among the 
foremost. Its institutions for the benefit of the 
people or of those classes who need a helping hand, 
for the relief of the suffering and the afflicted, and 
for the care of the unfortunate, are many and varied ; 
and they are nobly sustained. It has been esti- 
mated that the capital invested in charitable work in 
the city is Si 6, 000,000; that there is one charitable 
or benevolent society for every twenty thousand 
people within its boundaries ; and that the annual pri- 
vate contributions of Bostonians for benevolent pur- 
poses exceed half a million dollars. Through the 
local organization widely known as the " Associated 
Charities" many of the societies ahd associations 
are brought into close communion, and the work is 
so systematized that it is made more effective and 
thorough than it could possibly be were each organ- 
ization operating independently in the field. Of the 
church buildings many are fine examples of the best 
architectural work of the day, and in church prop- 
erty millions of dollars are invested. The religious 
organizations are active in many directions, and 
Boston clergymen are with other good citizens con- 
cerned in movements and work for the material 
as well as the spiritual well-being of the com- 
munity. 

In a word, the Boston of To-day is a great modern 
city, far reaching in its enterprise and industry, of 
manifold activities, a place of many attractions, well 
built, feirly adorned ; sustaining well the reputation 
which the old town bore as the commercial and in- 
tellectual capital of New England. 



II. 

BOSTON'S BUSINESS INTERESTS. 

'IRADE AMI LU:\111ERCE A HALF-CENTURV AGO AND 
NOW. 

T^HERE are few men in active business life in the 
^ Boston of To-day who can recall at all clearly the 
general outlines even of the Boston of half a cen- 
tury ago, and fewer still who can trace in detail the 
various and remarkable changes which have trans- 
formed the bustling little town of that time into the 
great city of to-day. In 1840 the three initial rail- 
roads, the Lowell, the Providence, and the Worces- 
ter, had been in operation but five years, up to which 
time the Middlesex Canal to tide-water at Clinton 
street, the "wonder of its day," ' had flourished, and 
the chief system of internal communication had 
consisted of numerous lines of stage-coaches and 
baggage-wagons, employing some thousands of fine 
horses. The first Cunard steamship had appeared 
in the harbor, and regular Atlantic steamship service 
had just begun. East Boston, which as late as 1833 
had but one dwelling, had only recently been laid 
out in lots by the East Boston Company, char- 
tered in that year ; South Boston had less than five 
thousand inhabitants, distantly removed, save by toll- 
bridges, from Boston proper ; and the narrow penin- 
sula on which Boston was crowded was reached 
from the neighboring places by only one free road, 
that over Roxbury Neck. 

Of the aspect of the town at the beginning of the 
period from 1830 to 1840 a graphic picture was 
given in the interesting report of Edward J. Howard, 
secretary of the old Board of Trade for the year 
1880, marking the two hundred and fiftieth anniver- 
sary of the settlement of the town. The area of the 
city had not been materially enlarged for a hundred 
years. Harrison avenue was then known as Front 
street (the name of Harrison was given it in 1841 in 
honor of General Harrison), and from Beach street 
to the old South Boston bridge was lined with 
wharves, where cargoes of wood, grain, and other 
commodities were landed and sold. There were but 
five houses between what is now Dover street and 
the Roxbury line. Lands east and west of Wash- 
ington street, and a portion of the Common, were 
utilized for the pasturing of cows ; what is now 
Causeway street was an irregular and unbroken high- 
way. On Beacon hill were the residences of the 



In traffic in 1S03. It extended from 
Chelmsford, now I.owcll, and water 
Oir north as Concord, N.H. It con- 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



newer aristocracy — along Beacon street, between 
the State House and Charles street, Hancock av- 
enue, Louisburg square, Mt. Vernon, Walnut, Chest- 
nut, Pinckney, Hancock, Temple, Bowdoin, and 
Somerset streets, on the western and southern slopes 
of the hill; the older aristocracy still clinging to 
their stately dwellings on Tremont, Winter, Summer, 
Franklin, Atkinson (now Congress), Federal, High, 
and Purchase streets, Otis place, and even Washing- 
ton square on Fort hill, which was described in a 
weekly newspaper of the time as " a very princely 
quarter." Dock square was then the business cen- 
tre of the town, the principal mercantile streets 
being Court, Cornhill, Washington, HaiiDxcr, Tiiion, 
State, North and South Market streets, Men hants 
row, Chatham, Blackstone, Commercial, India, 
Broad, Central, Doane, Water, Congress, Kilby, and 
Milk streets, and Liberty square. 

The hotels were few and primitive, with the single 
exception of the Exchange Coffee House, at the corner 
of State and Congress streets, built on the site of 
the greater and grander one burned on the night 
of the 3d of November, 18 18,' where business 
men gathered on all public occasions ; but solid 
comfort and good cheer were ever to be found 
within their hospitable walls. The Eastern Stage 
House in Ann (now North) street, with its porte 
cochere, was the most venerable. Then there were the 
Earles' Coffee House on Hanover street, where the 
American House now is, through whose arched por- 
tals the Albany stage started once a week ; the 
Lamb Tavern on Washington street, where.the Adams 
House now stands, and the Lion next, its site now 
covered by the Bijou Theatre ; the old Marlboro, on 
Washington, between Winter and Bromfield streets. 



ginal Exchange Coffee 

More th.iii $51.1.000 were 



from the ground lioor t< 
the rooms of tlie hotel, 
change, but it w.i- not i: 



with its painted sign of " St. George and the 
Dragon ; " the Bromfield House on Bromfield street ; 
the Mansion House and the Commercial Coffee 
House on Milk street ; the Bite Tavern on Faneuil 
Hall square ; and the old Hancock Tavern near by 
on Corn court. 

It was between the years 1820 and 1840 that the 
town enjoyed its greatest prosperity in foreign and 
domestic commerce, leading all its rivals in the ex- 
tent and richness of its trade. Then great fortunes 
were made by the merchants and shippers engaged 
especially in the China and East India trade, the spa- 
cious and secure harbor sparkled with shipping from 
the great ports of the world, and the wharves were 
crowded with vessels discharging and receiving car- 
goes. The principal wharves, lined with substan- 
tial warehouses, Long, Central, and India, were 
owned by corporations ; and so extensive were 
the shipping interests at the port during this period 
and for some years after, that wharf property was the 
most remunerative real-estate pro])erty in Boston, 
several wharves netting an annual income of from 
§20,000 to $60,000. 

The old methods of doing business contrasted 
strangely with those of to-day, for the merchant 
had his counting-room in his warehouse and per- 
sonally superintended the sale of his goods, with 
the quality and value of which he was supposed 
to be most familiar. Merchandise brokers were 
scarcely known then, for with their conservative 
ideas the solid men of the Boston of that time held 
fast to the secrets of their trade. Their counting- 
rooms bore no trace of the showiness and splendor 
which mark the business offices of the merchants 
of to-day. There were no carpets, steam heat, 
bric-a-brac, luxuriously upholstered chairs and roll- 
top desks in those old-time counting-rooms, nothing 
but the severely plain furniture and fittings required 
for the actual transaction of business. " And yet," 
says Howard, " there was a mercantile aristocracy 
in those days. . . . We had merchant princes 
then. There were Perkins, Lyman, the Appletons, 
the Grays, the Lawrences, the Cunninghams, the 
Joys, Boardmans, Bryant, and Sturgis, the Hoopers, 
and a host from MarbWhe&d, Salem, Gloucester, and 
Newburyport, who came to the front with their 
names and their checks when difficulties shadowed 
the metropolis." 

Provincial as were the old methods, the fame of 
her merchants extended far beyond the narrow 
limits of the Boston of that day, and their transac- 
tions covered a wide field. In 1830, Boston having 
absorbed the commerce which up to that time 
she had shared with Salem, Beverly, Marblehead, 



BOSTON OF r()-I)A\' 



Gloucester, and N ewburyport, had become the com- 
mercial capital of New England in fact as well as 
name ; and as the foreign commerce at that time 
was mainly limited to New England, her supremacy as 
a commercial power was unquestioned. " Then, with 
the development of our domestic manufactures dur- 
ing the decade 1830-1840," says Howard, "we 
emphatically impressed the markets of the world 
and successfully competed with England even 
within her own dominions, as we did a score of 
years later with our clipper ships when we nearly 
controlled the freighting commerce of the world." 
In was in 1844, four years after the establishment 
of the Cunard line, that Enoch Train started his 
line of famous packet-ships between Boston and 
Liverpool to meet the demands of the increasing 
trade between the two ports, and to supply the 
freight service which could not be furnished by 
the steamships then designed chiefly for passen- 
gers and mail service. Several of the finest ships 
of the line, remarkable for their excellent sailing 
qualities, were built at East Boston, and it speedily 
eclipsed the celebrated New York lines, which here- 
tofore had monopolized the business. 

Then began the building of the magnificent fleet 
of Boston freighting ships employed in the Southern, 
South American, and West Indian trade, and in that 
of California after the discovery of gold; "a fleet 
that for twenty years," says Howard, "challenged 
the admiration and competition of the commercial 
world." Great ship-building yards were established 
in East Boston and South Boston, notably those of 
Donald McKay, Daniel D. Kelley, and E. and H. 
O. Briggs, and many of the finest and speediest 
ships ever built were launched from them. During 
this decade, from 1840 to 1850, "the coast of 
.Africa trade and that of the Western Islands centred 
here. We had by far the largest trade between 
.America and Russia. . . . We monopolized the 
trade with Manila, the coast of Sumatra, Bombay 
and Calcutta, Valparaiso and Buenos .Ayres, and had 
only Baltimore as a competitor for the Rio trade. 
. . . Boston at this time had a large trade 
direct with Holland and the south of F^urope. The 
salt trade with St. Ubes anu Cadiz was very large, 
but the Mediterranean and Straits trade was the 
most important of our European commerce. The 
arrivals from Bordeaux, Marseilles, Trieste, Messina, 
Palermo, Malaga, and Smyrna were the largest in 
number next to those of the West Indies, from 
foreign ports. . . . Except, perhaps, for one or 
two months in the year, it was almost impossible to 
find an unoccupied berth at any of the wharves from 
Charlestown bridge to Fort hill, and in busy months 



the vessels would lie three deep at the dock, while 
in the stream there were hundreds awaiting a berth 
to discharge at." 

Then came the great changes wrought by the 
rapid development of railroad systems in the West 
(largely through Boston capital) as well as in the 
East ; the supplanting of sailing-vessels by steam ; 
the shifting of leading commission houses, and later 
much of the foreign trade, from Boston to New 
York, which had been quicker to recognize the 
newer ficilities for transportation and to adopt them ; 
and finally the Civil War. With the development of 
the new systems of transportation newer business 
methods, in place of those which served so well the 
merchants of the earlier periods, were demanded ; 
greater and broader enterprise. After a season of 
painful hesitation the situation was grasped, and the 
business abilities of Boston merchants and capital- 
ists were again displayed in various directions. As 
a result, in course of time all branches of trade ex- 
panded, and the area of the city proper was extended 
to meet the demand for larger accommodation 
within the business quarters. During the decade 
from i860 to 1870 the costly Hoosac Tunnel," into 
the building of which the State was drawn, was 
pushed towards completion, early in the next decade 
opening up a new avenue to the West ; the consoli- 
dation of the Boston & Worcester and the western 
railroads (in 1867) into the present Boston & 
Albany^ directly aff"ected the interests of the city 
and increased its foreign exports ; and the revival 
two years later of the Grand Junction Railroad, with 
its docks at East Boston, — chartered in 1847, 
opened in 185 1, the year of the great Railroad 
Jubilee,^ and originally intended to connect the rail- 
road lines centring in the city, — proved another 
valuable addition to the facilities of the city for the 
transaction of its trade and commerce. New steam- 
ship lines, foreign and coastwise, were also estab- 
lished and terminal facilities improved. The 
levelling of Fort hilP (begun in 1869), and the 



' See chapter on Railroads. 

2 See chapter on Railroads. 

3 To celebrate the opening of railroad communication between 
Boston, the Canadas, and the West, and the establishment of steam. 
ship lines to Liverpool. It continued through three days, — the 17th, 
iSth, and iqth of September, 1851. It was attended by Lord Elgin, 
then the governor-general of Canada, and his suite, President Fill- 
more and members of his Cabinet, and other men of distinction in 
Canada as well as the United Suites. There were receptions, parades, 
trades processions, a grand dinner under a pavilion on the parade- 
ground and Charles.street mall of the Common, and a brilliant night 
illumin.ation of the city. 

< The second of the three "great hills" of Boston, originally about 
eighty feet in height, with rugged bluffs on its north and east sides, 
.and easy slopes on the town side. Here the tirst fortifications wercv 
erected by the colonists, hence its name. Here in April, 16S9, Sir 
Edmund Andros, " governor of New England," sought shelter from 
the incensed colonists whose rights he had usurped, and forced to 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



building of Atlantic and Eastern avenues along the 
water-front, an enterprise that was at first much op- 
posed, changed materially that section of the city, 
and furnished one of the finest commercial thorough- 
fares, in the country. 

The marked impetus to the business of Boston 
given by all these enterprises and changes was 
sharply checked by the disastrous fire of 1872, and 
the long period of business depression which the 
country at large suffered from 1873 to 1877. The 
"Great Fire of 1872," — as the event of the night 
of Saturday the 9th of November that year is to be 
known in our local history, — which burned over 
about 65 acres in the heart of the business quarter 
comprising 30 streets, swept through the great 
wholesale domestic and foreign dry-goods district, 
that of the wool trade, of the hides, leather, and shoe, 
of the ready-made clothing, and of the hardware ; 
burned out 960 firms, a third of this number in the 
dry-goods trade alone; destroyed 776 buildings, in- 
cluding several of the finest business blocks in the 
city, and the picturesque old stone church of Trin- 
ity on Summer-street ; and caused a property loss 
conservatively estimated at $75,000,000. This was 
one of the most trying periods of the commercial 
history of Boston. During the depression there was 
an almost unprecedented shrinkage in values ; money 
was scarce, rates of interest ranged exceptionally 
high. It was a severe test, but it was bravely met. 
Within a year the "Burnt District " was largely re- 
built with finer, safer, and more substantial struct- 
ures than those which had been swept away, and 
great street improvements in the quarter were ad- 
vanced — • Washington, Summer, Congress, Federal, 
Milk, Hawley, .Arch, and Water streets were widened ; 
Arch was also extended ; Pearl, Franklin, and Oliver 
were extended ; and Post-office square was laid out ; 
the city expending in the entire undertaking more 
than three and a quarter millions. With the revival 
of business succeeding the long depression, a period 
of great prosperity and development began. New 
life was given to the organizations of merchants. 
The Shoe and Leather Exchange, reorganized and 
strengthened, established itself in new rooms on Bed- 
ford street. In 1879 the Furniture Exchange was 
established and brought into direct communication 
with furniture exchanges of other cities. With the 



The hill ivas used for i 
iitinn. Its slopes were e 



summit surrounded by trees ^ 
small square surrounded by j 
the hill. 



n a circular plot of ground on t 
own as Independence square, 
arehouses now marks the site 



rapid advancement of building operations the Master 
Builders' Association, now established in its own 
building. No. 164 Devonshire street, was formed ; 
and the Mechanics' Exchange was enlarged and ex- 
tended. In 1885 the great Chamber of Commerce 
was organized by the union of the Commercial and 
Produce Exchanges ; and at the same time the Fruit 
and Produce Exchange, with quarters in the Quincy 
Market-house. In 1890 the Real Estate Exchange 
was organized. Other organizations which have 
grown in strength and importance in recent years are 
the Coal Exchange, with quarters at No. 70 Kilby 
street ; the New Englainl Metal .\ssociation. No. no 
North street ; the ()il Tr.ulc Association, No. 149 
Broad street ; the Druggists' Association, No. 307 
Washington street ; the Earthenware Association, 
No. 5 1 Federal street ; the Paper Trade Association, 
No. II Otis street; the Stationers' Association, No. 
122 State street; the Fish Bureau, No. 3 Long 
wharf; the Wholesale Grocers' Association, No. 
200 State street ; the Board of Fire Underwriters, 
No. 55 Kilby street. Meanwhile the number of 
clubs of merchants increased; and the Mer- 
chants' Association, representing different lines of 
trade, with its committees on arbitration, on trans- 
portation, on debts and debtors, and to investigate 
failures, was formed from members of many leading 
firms. While in some branches of business Boston 
has lost through natural and unavoidable causes the 
supremacy it once had, in others — such as the 
wool, in which its trade exceeds that of any other 
city, the leather, boot and shoe, clothing and cloth- 
ing manufiicture, furniture, metal and metallic 
goods, machines and machinery, produce, food prep- 
arations, and printing and publishing — it still 
leads and is likely to maintain its position. The 
number of manufacturing and mechanical establish- 
ments in the city, shown by the latest State census, 
that of 1885, was 5,199, the total amount of capital 
invested in them, $73,346,258, and the value of the 
goods made and work done, $144,376,206 ; since 
that time the growth and expansion has been steady, 
and the figures of to-day must show a very marked 
increase. The combined cost of the new buildings 
erected in 1891 was $10,568,800, which has been 
exceeded but twice, in 1873 and 1874, the years 
immediately following the Great Fire. 

The total value of imports at the port of Boston in 
1891 was about $70,000,000, and of exports, $81,- 
400,000. The ocean steamship lines now running 
regularly are the Cunard, the Leyland, and the 
^^'arren, to Liverpool ; the Anchor and the Furness, 
to London ; the Anchor and the Allan, to Glasgow ; 
the Wilson, to Hull ; and the White Star, to Antwerjj. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



III. 

TRADE CENTRES. 

RETAIL, WHOLESALE, AND EINAXCLAL QUAKIERS, PAST 
AXD PRESENT. 

ONE result of the " Great Fire of 1S72," and of 
the growth of the various branches of trade 
during the prosperous period succeeding the busi- 
ness depression of 1873-7, was a shifting of busi- 
ness centres. A generation ago the dry-goods 
merchants, both wholesale and retail, were mostly 
established in the lower part of Washington street, 
Tremont row, Court and Hanover streets. Boston 
was at one time the chief dry-goods market of the 
country, and as the mills grew in number more 
territory was required, and the wholesale trade 
moved into large granite stores on Milk, Kilby, 
and Atkinson (that part of the present Congress 
street south of Milk) streets, and Liberty square. 
Subsequently Pearl street was occupied until it 
was crowded out by the leather trade ; and 
then its present quarters on Devonshire, Summer, 
and Franklin streets, Winthrop square, Chauncy, 
Kingston, and Bedford streets, were established. 

The retail dry-goods trade for many years cen- 
tred on Hanover street when that thoroughfare was 
nearest the residential parts of the town. Then it 
worked southward, until to-day it extends from 
Scollay square to Boylston street, the greater estab- 
lishments occupying choice positions on Washing- 
ton, Winter, and neighboring streets. With other 
retail shops it has invaded the quarters long re- 
served for the best dwellings, — Tremont street fac- 
ing the Common, Beacon street at one end and 
Boylston street at another. The popular retail 
shopping district now embraces, besides Washing- 
ton and Tremont streets between the points above 
named. Park, Winter, and parts of Summer streets, 
Tem]5le place and West street, and is pushing down 
Boylston street into the sacred precincts of the 
Back Bay district, cutting into the fine sweep of 
comfortable dwellings on the slope of Beacon hill 
opposite the Common, and crowding residences 
from Beacon street opposite the Public Garden. 

The ready-made clothing trade, an immense in- 
dustry to-day, is the outgrowth through various 
stages of sailors' outfitting establishments. Origi- 
nally it was confined to the North End, but when 
John Simmons, of Quincy Market hall, and George 
W. Simmons, we are told, first advanced the char- 
acter of the trade to a mercantile standard, it fol- 
lowed the dry-goods trade, and is now established 
in the quarter which that in part occupies. 



The shoe and leather industry, for which Boston 
has been from the beginning the market centre, 
began to assume large proportions as far back as 
1830. For many years the American House, built 
in 1835, was the headquarters of the trade, and 
Fulton street was the business centre. In 1 849 
the trade began to move southward into Pearl 
street, then mainly occupied by wholesale dry- 
goods houses ; and within a short time this section 
became its new centre. Then block after block of 
dwelHngs on High street were levelled to make 
room for warehouses. After the fire of 1872, which 
wiped out the district, it was rebuilt, and for several 
years the trade continued to cling to it. Then a 
tendency towards Summer street about and beyond 
old "Church green" was taken; and later the 
trade spread into Lincoln and South streets, where 
a number of fine building blocks have been in re- 
cent years erected. This section, which is now the 
centre of the trade, is within easy reach of four large 
railroad lines, and near by is the Shoe and Leather 
Exchange, where trade reports are regularly bulle- 
tined during business hours, established in one of a 
group of buildings remarkable for their solidity and 
architectural finish. 

The great wool trade is to-day mostly concen- 
trated on Federal, Pearl, and High streets ; the 
paper trade, which has developed extensively dur- 
ing the past forty years, on Federal street and its 
vicinity ; in the same neighborhood, principally on 
Federal and Franklin streets, is the crockery trade, 
which miports large quantities of goods for inland 
distribution ; on Milk street and its vicinity the whole- 
sale drug trade ; and on Fort Hill square and its 
neighborhood the iron trade and the hardware trade, 
which before the fire of 1872 was confined chiefly 
to Dock square (now lost in Adams square) and its 
vicinity. 

The wholesale grocery, fish, salt, and the flour 
and grain interests still hold fast to their old quarter, 
including Commercial, India, Broad, and adjacent 
streets near the water-front ; the produce trade is 
mainly on South Market, Chatham, and Commercial 
streets ; the headquarters of the provision trade are 
in Commerce street and the streets about Faneuil- 
Hall Market ; the jobbing foreign fruit trade is on 
Merchants row, Chatham, and South Market streets 
and their neighborhood ; and the great tea, coffee, 
and sugar interests are on Broad street and its im- 
mediate vicinity. 

The financial centre, as in the early days, is still 
State street, although the banks are scattered over 
the business sections of the city. But within the 
compact territory bounded by State, Washington, 




iii..iih^^^^-> 




RICHARDS BUILDING. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Milk, and Broad streets, or its immediate neighbor- 
hood, the greater number of leading banks are 
found ; and the private banking-houses, the trust 
companies, the safety- vaults, the offices of the stock- 
brokers, the insurance agencies, the real-estate 
brokers and agents, the financial offices of the 
great Western railroad companies which are estab- 
lished here in Boston, and the Stock Exchange. 



IV. 

RAILROADS. 

DEVELOPMENT OF THE GREAT LINES CEN'IKING IN 
BOSTON THE STREET-CAR SYSTEM. 

THE great railroad industry which in the past two 
decades has assumed such vast proportions 
and has accomplished so much in the development 
of the country and its resources, vastly increasing its 
prosperity and binding sections together, had its 
origin here in Boston. It seems almost incredible 
that within the memory of men yet in active life, 
there was not a single railroad in all the United 
States, and that all means of transportation for both 
passengers and freight were by the stage-coach, 
baggage-wagon, the packet-ship, the coaster, or the 
canal-boat. New York City and Albany were dis- 
tant from Boston by a three days' journey, and the 
trip was attended by much discomfort and not a 
little danger. 

The project of establishing a canal from Boston 
westward through the State to the Connecticut river 
and thence to the Hudson, to overcome the effect 
of the canal enterprises of New York which in the 
twenties were drawing trade, both domestic and ex- 
port, in that direction and away from this port, had 
long been talked of, and in 1825 a State commis- 
sion was established to ascertain the practicability of 
making such a canal. This commission made a 
voluminous report the following year, presenting the 
results of surveys and estimates of cost, but no action 
was taken ; and the same year the idea of the rail- 
road was substituted for that of the canal, one result 
of the enterprise of Gridley Bryant, aided by the 
financial support and public spirit of Col. T. H. 
Perkins, both Boston men. This was the construc- 
tion and opening of the " Granite Railway " for the 
purpose of conveying granite from the Quincy quar- 
ries to the water. Although this pioneer railroad, 
the first built in the country, was, with its branches, 
but four miles long, constructed in a primitive 



fashion, and operated by horse-power, it was the 
germ from which the perfected systems sprung. 
Petitions from Boston now appeared in the Legisla- 
ture for surveys on the part of the State for a railway 
to the Hudson, and with much hesitation were 
finally granted. But although surveys were speedily 
begun, it was not until after four years of discussion 
that anything practical was accomplished. Two 
entire routes were surveyed, one, the southern, fol- 
lowing nearly the line of the present Boston & 
Albany, and the other much the same route as the 
present Fitchburg Railroad. The commissioners 
reporting upon them invariably proposed a railroad 
operated only by animal-power, the final report, that 
of 1829, recommending a double-track line, the 
space between the rails to be graded for a horse- 
path. At length, in 1830, petitions for the incor- 
poration of private railroad companies were filed in 
the Legislature, and that year the first charter was 
granted, that of the Boston & Lowell ; and the next 
year the Boston & Worcester and the Boston & 
Providence were chartered. Thus the State happily 
was kept out of the railroad business into which it 
had been in danger of drifting. 

Of the great systems now centring in Boston, 
the Boston cr' Albany is entitled to first mention, 
as it includes the line first opened. The charter 
of the Boston & Worcester became law on June 23, 
1 83 1 . The corporation was empowered to construct 
a railroad in or near Boston and thence to any part 
of Worcester. The capital stock was 10,000 shares, 
at par value of Sioo each. On the 1st of May, 1832, 
the corporation was formally organized. The length 
of the road according to surveys was about 43^^ 
miles, and the estimated cost, including equipment 
(the road-bed to be graded for a double track), was 
$883,000. On the 15th of March, 1833, the di- 
rectors of the Worcester line were individually incor- 
porated as the Western Railroad Corporation, with 
authority to locate and construct a railroad from the 
Worcester terminus to the Connecticut river in 
Springfield, and thence across the river to the 
western boundary of the State in a direction towards 
the Hudson. The capital stock was to consist of 
not less than 10,000 or more than 20,000 shares of 
$100 par value. Thus from the first the Boston & 
Worcester controlled the charter of the Western. 
In the meantime the New York Legislature incorpo- 
rated the Castleton & West Stockbridge Railroad 
Company to construct a road from Castleton, N.Y., 
nine miles below Albany, to the State line at West 
Stockbridge. Two years later the name was changed 
to the Albany & West Stockbridge, with authority to 
extend the line to Greenbush, across the Hudson 



iOSTON OF TO-DAV. 




STATION OF BOSTON & MAINE RAILROAD — WESTERN DIVISION. 



from Albany. In May, 1834, the Boston & Worces- 
ter was partially opened for travel (to Newton only), 
the cars drawn by English-built locomotives, thus 
having the distinction of being the first steam rail- 
road operated in New England. The line was com- 
pleted to Worcester on the 4th of July the follow- 
ing year, and the event was duly celebrated on the 
6th with a dinner and speeches. The road was con- 
structed by engineers who had never seen any of 
the English roads, and many original devices were 
followed. Not only were the earlier locomotives 
imported from England, but the men to run them. 
American locomotive works, however, were soon es- 
tablished, and during the very first year of the oper- 
ation of the Worcester road an American-made loco- 
motive was placed upon its tracks and performed 
efficient ser\'ice. In 1841, on the 4th of October, 
the Western road was completed from Worcester to 
the New York line, the Connecticut-river bridge 
having been finished on July 4th; and on the 21st 
of December following the connecting link in New 
York to .Albany was completed, and on that day 



trains were run, thus opening a direct rail line from 
Boston to Albany. This important event was com- 
memorated in March, 1842, by a meeting of the 
executive officers of the States of Massachusetts and 
New York and other prominent men at the Town 
Hall in .Springfield. At the banquet notable 
speeches were made, and one toast, which has gone 
into history, was that offered by General Root, of 
New York, who gave : " The happy union of the 
sturgeon and the codfish ; may their joyous nuptials 
efface the melancholy recollection of the departure 
of the Connecticut-river salmon." The Boston & 
Worcester and the AVestern railroads were operated 
as two distinct corporations until 1869, when they 
were consolidated under the present title of the 
Boston & Albany Railroad Company. This corpo- 
ration now owns and operates 375.70 miles of track, 
and also the Grand Junction Railroad and its finely 
equipped wharves at East Boston, thus securing a 
deep-water connection. It has here a substantial 
grain elevator with a capacity of 1,000,000 bushels, 
and another in the city proper, on Chandler and 



BOSTON OF lO-DAV. 



1.3 



Berkeley streets, with a capacity of 500,000 bushels. 
Its main passenger station on Kneeland street has 
a comfortable head-house and well-arranged train- 
house 444 feet long and JiS}4 wide. Its line to 
New York City is one of the most popular ; four 
flist trains to that city are daily sent out, the 4 
o'clock P.M. train making the run in six hours ; 
and its \\'estern business is very extensive. On 
ail the express trains and road equipment are the 
most approved devices for the comfort and safet)' 
of its passengers. The president of the Boston 
& Albany is William Bliss ; the general-manager, 
W. H. Barnes, and general superintendent, H. T. 
dallup. 

The Boston <s^ Maine Railroad — formed in 
1842 by the consolidation of the Boston & Port- 
land, chartered in Massachusetts in 1833, the Boston 
& Maine, chartered in New Hampshire in 1835, 
and the Maine, New Hampshire, & Massachusetts, 
chartered in Maine in 1836, and opened to the 
junction of the Portland, Saco, & Portsmouth at 
South Berwick, Me., in 1843 — is entitled to second 



mention, from tlie fact that it now operates as part 
of its own system the original Boston & Lowell. 
The latter was the shortest of the initial roads, but 
early in its career made connection with Nashua, 
N.H., and then with the New Hampshire and Ver- 
mont systems to the Canadian line. The Boston & 
Maine leased the Boston & Lowell and its systems 
in 1887, thus securing the control by lease of the 
Boston, Concord, & Montreal, the Nashua & Lowell, 
the Keene branch, the Northern New Hampshire, 
and several minor connecting roads, and the Central 
Massachusetts. Connection was thus made with 
New York via the Worcester & Nashua (included 
in another lease), and with Philadelphia, Baltimore, 
& Washington via the Central Massachusetts and 
the Poughkeepsie bridge. Three years before, in 
December, 1884, the Boston & Maine had effected a 
lease of the Eastern (chartered in 1836, the original 
line from East Boston to the New Hampshire line, 
opened in 1840), which then controlled the trafific 
to the northern shores of Massachusetts and New- 
Hampshire, as well as the bulk of the White Moun- 




STATION OF BOSTON & MAINE RAILROAD — EASTERN DIVISION. 



H 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



tain travel. Thus consolidated the Boston & Maine templated. Until his sudden death in January, 
reaches a much larger area directly by its own lines 1892, James T. Furber was the general manager of 
than any other system in New England. The total this great system ; he had long been the superin- 




STATION OF BOSTON & 



RAILROAD — LOWELL DIVISION. 



length of all lines operated is 1,210.03 niiles : 315.7 
owned ; 894.33 leased. At present it continues the 
three distinct stations, — its own in Haymarket 
square, and the old Eastern and Lowell stations in 
Causeway street ; but a great union station is con- 



tendent of the Boston & Maine before consolida- 
tion. Col. John W. Sanborn is now (1892) general 
manager, and Daniel W. Sanborn general superin- 
tendent. The president of the Boston & Maine 
system is Frank Jones. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



The Old Colony Railroad 
having absorbed by lease the 
lloston & Providence, the 
third of the earliest railroads, 
is next in the list. Chartered 
March i6, 1844, the original 
line between Boston and 
Plymouth (opened in 1845), 
it has gradually extended its 
operations both by building 
and leasing, until it has be- 
come the second largest rail- 
road system in New England. 
It now reaches the south-east- 
ern sections of the State, the 
western part through its leased 
lines, and, by its Providence 
division, New York, by one of 
the best all-rail Boston and 
New York lines. It also con- 
trols the three famous Long 
Island Sound steamer lines, 
— the Fall River, the Ston- 
ington, and the Providence, 
the vessels of which are the 
largest side-wheelers afloat. 
Before its acquisition of the 
Boston & Providence it had 
absorbed the Fall River, the 
Newport and Fall River, the 
Eastern Branch, the South 
Shore, the Vineyard Sound, 
the Duxbury and Cohasset, 
the Dorchester and Milton, 
the Cape Cod, the Boston, 

Clinton, Fitchburg and New Bedford, the Taunton 
and Middleboro, and the Framingham and Lowell 
railroads. It also includes in its system Gridley 
Bryant's " Granite Railway," a part of which exists 
in its original form to the present day. The lease 
of the Boston & Providence, with all its branches 
and leased roads, was secured in 1888; and the 
control of the Providence, Warren, & Bristol road 
is included in this consolidation. The system now 
embraces 577 miles of owned and leased lines of 
railroad, besides the controlling interest in the three 
Sound steamboat lines. The Old Colony also con- 
trols the Union Freight Railway, the tracks of which 
extend along the water-front from its own system to 
that of the Boston & Maine. This road is a dis- 
tributor of freight among all the steam railroads 
entering the city, and to leading wharves for lading 
steanishi])s and other vessels. The station of the 
Providence division of the Old Colony is one of the 




m- 



-'% 



-^ , ■»^'i 






^^M 




STATION OF THE OLD COLONY RAILROAD — PROVIDENCE DIVISION. 



finest m the city : one of the few railway stations in 
which architectural effect as well as utility was con- 
sidered in the plan and constraction. The presi- 
dent of the Old Colony system, Charles F. Choate, 
and the general superintendent, J. R. Kendrick, have 
been for many years connected with the road. 

The charter of the Fitclibiirg Railroad Company 
is dated March 3, 1842, and in 1845 the road was 
completed between Cambridge and Fitchburg. 
After its extension into Boston, in 1848, its growth 
was small and slow for more than a quarter of a cen- 
tury. In those years when the north-western part of 
the State was barred by the Hoosac Mountains from 
rail communication with the Hudson and the West, 
the Fitchburg was confined to performing its part in 
local New England transportation. As late as 1873 
the mileage of the road was anything but large, — 
only 50 miles of main line and 43 more of branches. 
Its capital stock was $4,500,000, and it had not a 



i6 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



dollar of debt, floating or bonded. In 1847 the 
passenger station, now a striking feature of Cause- 
way street, with its walls and battlemented towers of 
dark gray stone, was built, — the oldest railway 




station now in use in the city. The directors in 
their report to the stockholders for 1848 offer their 
congratulations on the completion of the building, 
but find it necessary to make apologies for its size 
and elegance. In those early days of railroads such 
a space as this station afforded was more than 
ample, and its projectors evidently thought it big 
enough for the Fitchburg Railroad for all time. 
Now, however, its utmost limits are barely sufficient, 
and doubtless in the near future the solid structure 
will give place to one more suitable for the needs of 
the terminus of a great and growing trunk line. 
The years immediately following the incorporation 
of the Fitchburg saw the incorporation and con- 
struction of the various roads which now form a part 
of its present great system. The Vermont & Massa- 
chusetts was chartered March 15, 1844, and formed 
the line, 56 miles long, between Fitchburg and 
Greenfield. In the last fifteen years the Fitchburg 
company has greatly improved this property, expend- 
ing upwards of §2,000,000 in the addition of a 
second track and in straightening the curves, -,0 far 
as the rugged nature of the country would jjermit 
and its physical condition to-day is fully equ \\ to the 
requirements of the heavy traffic which now passes 
over it. 

That which gives to the Fitchburg Railroad its 
distinctive character, and has enabled it to develop 
itself from the status of a local road to that of a 
trunk line, is the Hoosac Tunnel. The plan of 



tunnelling the mountain was first proposed in the 
report of the State commission of 1825 on the Boston 
and Hudson-river canal project. Colonel Laommi 
Baldwin, who made the surveys, recommending a 
canal tunnel through it. When the rail- 
roads were introduced and the cause of 
the canal was lost, agitation for a rail- 
road tunnel soon began. In 1848 this 
bore fruit in the organization of the 
Troy & Greenfield Railroad Company 
for the construction of a line from 
Greenfield up the valley of the Deer- 
field river through the mountain to the 
Vermont line, ^\'ork, however, was not 
begun until 1852, and twenty-one years 
jxissed before it was completed. For 
the first ten years the undertaking was 
in the hands of private parties, and 
then the State was compelled to finish 
the job. In 1866 the railroad was 
completed to the mouth of the tunnel, 
and was operated by the Fitchburg 
and Vermont & Massachusetts rail- 
roads jointly until 1874. The date 
when the hole was finally put through was Novem- 
ber 27, 1873, but regular trains did not run until 
1875. The total cost of the tunnel was $26,000,- 
000, and it is an interesting fact that when tunnel- 
ling was first projected in 1825 the cost was 
estimated at §1,948,557. The year 1874 marks the 
point at which the Fitchburg Railroad ceases to be 
of local importance only. The volume of cereal 
products coming East and of manufactured articles 
going West was already enormous, and the final 
opening of the tunnel gave the opportunity of or- 
ganizing another route by which a share of the busi- 
ness could be attracted to Boston. Towards this 




STATION OF OLD COLONY RAILROAD AT 
NORTH EASTON. 



:)S'rON OF TO-DAY. 




lEW OF HOOSAC TUNNEL, FITCHBURG RAILROAD, 



end the Fitchburg leased the Vermont & Massa- 
chusetts by which to assure its connection with the 
Troy & Greenfield and the tunnel at Greenfield. 
This acquisition raised the amount of its capitaliza- 
tion from 84,500,000 to about 89,000,000. During 
the following year were incurred the expenditures 
for improving this new part of the line, and at the 
same time extensive improvements were made in 
terminal facilities here in Boston in anticipation of 
the large business to come through the tunnel. To 
pay for this the Fitchburg increased its capital stock 



and issued more than 85,000,000 of bonds. In 
1S85 it purchased the Boston, Barre, & Gardner, 36 
miles long, giving a connection with Worcester and 
southern New England points. The increase due to 
this addition, and to the improvements above men- 
tioned, raised the capitalization so that in 1886 the 
company controlled property representing 816,000,- 
000. The contract for the operation of the Troy & 
Greenfield by the F"itchburg and the Vermont & 
Massachusetts jointly expired in 1874, and from that 
time until 1S87 that road was operated by the Fitch- 



BOSTON OF rO-DAY. 



burg on the toll-gate system. On this systein, how- 
ever, no profit could be gamed by the State out of 
the operation of the tunnel. The cost of the under- 
taking to the Commonwealth had finally reached the 
sum of S 2 4,000,000 ; it had for some time stood at 
the head of the list of the State's non-paying invest- 
ments, and financiers were agreed that the best 
course to pursue was .to dispose of the property to a 
purchaser. The Fitchburg from the start was con- 
fessedly a bidder, and at once entered into negotia- 
tions. The price which was at first considered fair 
was the modest sum of §4,500,000, but other inter- 
ests soon put in an appearance with the effect of 
advancing the Commonwealth's idea of the value of 
its property. The modest sum mentioned above was 
suggested in October, 1886, but at the end of the 
year the tunnel was considered worth not less than 
Si 0,000,000, and that was the price finally agreed 
upon with the Fitchburg. The terms of the agree- 
ment required the consolidation of the two roads 
under the name of the Fitchburg Railroad Com- 
pany. Immediately upon the acquisition of the 
tunnel, and as a necessary outcome of the policy 
which was first instituted by the lease of the Ver- 



mont iS: Massarhusrtts, an arrangement was made 
for the control of the Troy iS: Boston, the line run- 
ning from the Vermont line to Troy, N.Y., a distance 
of 37 miles. Then on June i, 1887, the Fitchburg 
assumed possession of the Boston, Hoosac Tunnel, 
& Western road, whose main line extended from 
the Vermont line, 62 miles, to Rotterdam Junction, 
there ( Dimcc ling with the West Shore road, its total 
iiiiliMge, ini hiding the branch to Saratoga, 87 miles. 
Both (jf these roads had been for some years non- 
dividend-paying properties, mainly owing to the fact 
that they parallel each other for most of their dis- 
tance. The standard of their track and rolling-stock 
had been brought to a low ebb, and large sums had 
to be expended to remedy this deficiency. The fact 
of the lines running parallel from Vermont State line 
to Johnsonville was taken advantage of to extend 
the double-track system to the latter point. On 
October i, 1890, the Cheshire Railroad became a 
part of the Fitchburg, adding $2,625,000 in stock 
and $800,000 in bonds to its capitalization, and 64 
miles to its mileage. Through this line control by a 
connection with northern and Canadian points, by 
way of Bellows Falls, was gained. In less than 




BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



twenty years the Fitchburg has more than quad- 
rupled itself, and the necessary expenditures incident 
to such a rapid development have severely strained 
the earning capacity. The Hoosac Tunnel route, 
however, may still be considered in its infancy, for 
not five years have passed since the Fitchburg 
gained the key to the situation, — the tunnel. The 
total mileage of the Fitchburg is now 436 miles. 

As a measure toward the more advantageous hand- 
ling of through freight, and especially of the export 
traffic to Liverpool and other European ports, the 
Hoosac Tunnel Dock and Elevator Company was 
organized in 1879 under the auspices of the Fitch- 
burg road. A grain elevator with a capacity of 
600,000 bushels was built in the Charlestown dis- 
trict, together with four piers suitable for large steam- 
ships. To-day three lines of steamships run regu- 
larly from the docks of the company, — the Leyland, 
the Furness, and the Allan lines, — for the ports of 
Liverpool, London, and Glasgow respectively. 

The history of the New York c^ New England 
Railroad is a peculiar one. The railroad now owned 
by that corporation is the result of a consolidation 
of a large number of roads which were organized at 
different times, and at different places, and for 
different purposes. Very soon after the first railway 
in the country was constructed public meetings were 
held in Middletown, Conn., and subscriptions made 
as early as 1833, for the purpose of making surveys 
looking to the construction of a through line between 
Boston and New York, to run via Middletown. The 
same year a company was chartered in Connecticut 
to construct a road from Hartford to the quarries in 
the Bolton Mountains ; and a charter was granted 
in Massachusetts for a road from Worcester towards 
New London. The road which was organized in 
Connecticut as the result of the meeting in Middle- 
town was consequently consolidated with a compmy 
chartered in Massachusetts and another company 
chartered in Rhode Island, and the road from 
Boston to New York, as originally contemplated, 
was finally completed in 1872, and now forms the 
shortest route between these cities, and is the route 
over which the popular " New England Limited," or 
so-called " Ghost Train," runs. The road from 
Hartford to the Bolton Mountains was not immedi- 
ately constructed, but the charter was revived in 
1849, and the road built from Providence to Water- 
bury, Conn., a portion of which now forms a part of 
the main line of the New York & New England 
from Boston to the Hudson river. The road from 
Worcester towards New London was constructed 
about the year 1838 from Worcester to Norwich, 
and is leased to the New York & New England ; and 



it now forms, with the boats of the Norwich and 
New York Transportation Company, controlled by 
it, the through rail and boat line called the " Nor- 
wich Line" from Boston to New York. The Massa- 
chusetts portions of the road were originally chartered 
as local roads, about the year 1 849 : the Walpole 
road, extending from Dedham to Walpole ; the Nor- 
folk County, from Dedham to Blackstone ; the 
Charles River Branch and Charles River, from 
Brookline to Woonsocket. Under a peculiar charter 
granted by the Legislature of Connecticut in 1863 
the company known as the Boston, Hartford, & Erie 
was organized with the right to purchase any road 
which might form a part of the through line from 
Boston to the West. This company purchased 
several small roads, and by consolidating and uniting 
them sought to complete a road from Boston to a 
connection with the Erie road at the Hudson river. 
A mortgage was made covering all the consolidated 
roads for $20,000,000, known as the " Berdell 
mortgage." The State of Massachusetts was induced 
to take between three and four million dollars of 
these bonds. .A portion of them were sold to the 
Erie road, and the balance was mostly taken by 
capitalists here in Boston and vicinity. Failing to 
complete the road with the proceeds of these bonds, 
application was again made to the Massachusetts 
Legislature for State aid. This was denied, and the 
property was placed in the hands of a receiver. 
The trustees under the Berdell mortgage, Messrs. 
William T. Hart and Charles P. Clark, took posses- 
sion, foreclosed the mortgage April 17, 1873, and 
the New York & New England Railroad Company 
was organized from the bondholders, each bond- 
holder receiving ten shares of New York & New 
England stock for each Berdell bond held by him. 
The New York & New England Company then com- 
pleted the road from Putnam to Willimantic and 
from Waterbury to the river, and paid off all the 
underlying mortgages, obtaining the necessary money 
for this purpose by making a new first mortgage on 
its property for $10,000,000 and a second mortgage 
for $5,000,000. In 1883 the company became 
financially embarrassed, and its property was placed 
in the hands of a receiver on the ist of January, 
i8cS4. The debts were paid by the issuing of pre- 
ferred stock, and the property was again restored to 
the company on the ist of January, 1885. Since 
that time its business has continued to increase from 
year to year, and its gross earnings for the year end- 
ing June 30, 1 89 1, were between six and seven 
millions of dollars. The company now owns and 
controls over 600 miles of road which form direct 
connection between the cities of Boston, Providence, 








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YORK & NEW ENGLAND RAILROAD, WITH INTERIOR VIEWS OF "WHITE TRAM 



BOSTON 



)F lO-DAY. 



Worcester, Springfield, and Hartford, New York, and 
the South and West, and it is one of the largest 
roads in New England. It also possesses admirable 
terminal facilities at tide-water. The present presi- 
dent (1892) is Charles Parsons. ' 

Boston, Revere Beach, &= Lynn Railroad. Eigh- 
teen or twenty years ago attention was called to 
large tracts of unoccupied land in East Boston and 
Revere, and in the immediate vicinity of Revere 
beach, and the plan was conceived of opening up 







STATION OF BOSTON, REVERE BEACH, & LYNN RAILROAD. 

these lands by building a narrow-gauge railroad, 
which at that time, as the result of the successful 
Festiniog Railroad in Wales and the use of the 
Fairlee bogie engines, was coming into vogue in 
this country. By a happy thought the new line 
was projected along the crest of Revere beach and 
across the Saugus river to the foot of Market 
street, Lynn, thus in connection with the ferry 
across Boston harbor, making a short and attrac- 
tive route between the two cities. The road was 
rapidly, in fact, hastily, built and put in operation. 
It was but a single-track road using a light thirty-five- 
pound iron rail, and the bridges were of the most 
temporary form of construction. The road was 
opened in July, 1875, and immediately made Revere 
beach accessible to thousands of pleasure seekers 



who before could reach it only by a long circuitous 
drive. The road earned during the summer months 
a handsome surplus over expenses. The next, or 
centennial year, the phenomenal business was re- 
])eated, but unsettled land damages, together with 
the purchase of additional equipment, taxed the 
resources of the road, so that at the close of the 
year its stock was below par. January i, 1877, a 
new management took charge, the president being 
the late Edwin Walden, of Lynn. The indebtedness 
was funded, the land-damage claims were 
settled, and a systematic improvement of the 
road-bed, structures, and equipment undertaken. 
'I'he attractions of the beach were advertised, 
and outdoor entertainments on the grounds of 
the Ocean House were instituted, the success 
of which led to the establishment of the Point 
of Pines enterprise. The buildings of the latter 
were opened in 1881, and a great increase in 
the summer business of the road followed. The 
regular running of trains the year round, to- 
gether with the addition of evening trains, soon 
began to develop the lands of the land com- 
panirs. resulting in the rapid growth of the 
]irt_-scnt \illages of Crescent beach, Beachmont, 
anil Wiuthrop, the latter being reached by a 
separate road afterwards consolidated with the 
mam line. In 1882 the superintendent, Mr. 
Whorf, resigned to take charge of the Tampico 
Division of the Mexican Central, and his as- 
sistant, Charles A. Hammond, of Lynn, was 
elected to his place. Under Mr. Hammond's 
charge the road had been double-tracked and 
steel-railed, its equipment nearly doubled, new 
stations built, a circuit line in Winthrop con- 
structed, and other improvements completed, 
notably the terminal station and ferry-slip in 
Boston. For the past three years fifteen-min- 
ute trains have been run the greater part of the 
day during the summer season, while the increased 
business from Winthrop has been provided for by 
"through" trains. On March 12, 1889, occurred 
the death of President Walden, under whose man- 
agement the road had attained solid prosperity and 
the value of the stock had quadrupled. The 
present president is Melville O. Adams. 

The Street Railway system was introduced in 
Boston in 1856, the first line, established by the 
Metropolitan Company (chartered in 1853), from 
Boylston street to Guild row, Roxbury. This was 
opened in September, and before winter had fairly 
set in the line at the Boston end was extended to 
Scollay square. Thereafter the development of the 
system was rapid. In December the same year 



24 



BOSTON OF T()-DAV, 



the South Boston line was opened, and earlier in the underground conduit was tried, and beyond 

the season the Cambridge ; the next year the West Chester park the overhead trolley wires were 

Middlesex to Charlestown ; and in 1859 a line to used. About a month later some electric cars of 

Brookline. Very soon all these lines were extended Thomson-Houston make were started between 

in various directions, and spurs thrown out, and the Bowdoin square and Harvard square, Cambridge, 

principal business thoroughfares of the city were They were operated by the Thomson-Houston 

occupied by the rails. In 1872 the Highland line, company for six months, and the test proving satis- 



in competition with the Metropolitan, was estab- 
lished, and in 1882 the Charles-river, in competi- 
tion with the Cambridge lines. Then in 1SS7 
began the revolution in the street-railway system, 
brought about by the West F".nd Company. It was 



factory to the West End Company it gave an order 
for 600 motors. This was the first decisive step in 
the adoption of the system which was subsequently 
extended over the city. The conduit line proving 
unsatisfactory had before that been abandoned. 



a very modest beginning. The original capital was By autumn the work of introducing the new sys- 

but 5680,000, and the line was primarily intended to tem had begun in earnest. The power was origi- 

run to Brookline, for the purpose of developing the nally furnished from a power-house in Allston and 

territory in that town controlled by the West End from the Cambridge Electric Light Company, but 

Land Company. Consolidation of the existing soon the West End Company purchased the old 

companies with the West End, however, speedily Hinckley Locomotive Works, with grounds extend- 

followed. First the Metropolitan was secured ; ing from Harrison avenue to Albany street, and 

then the Highland acquired the Middlesex ; next here began the construction of its own great power- 

the Cambridge and the Charles-river were united ; house equipped with Macintosh & Seymour en- 



and finally the ^\'est End, with S6, 000, 000 of pre- 
ferred stock, §1,500,000 common stock, and 
§1,500,000 in outstanding bonds, was in posses- 
sion of them all. At the time of the consolidation, 
effected the 12th of November, 1887, the new 
company owned 1*480 cars and nearly 8,000 horses. 
A year later there were 500 more cars and a thou- 
sand more horses. On the ist of January, 1889, 
the first experimental electric line was started. 
This ran from Park square to Chestnut hill and 
Allston. From the square to West Chester park 




STEAMER SWAMPSCOT 



HE BOSTON, REVERE BEACH, & LYNN RAILROAD. 



gines and Thomson-Houston generators. Mean- 
while the rolling-stock of the company was rapidly 
increased and its number of routes increased. In 
1 89 1 it had 469 electric cars on its lines and 1,692 
horse-cars; of the electric cars, 255 with a seating 
capacity one-third greater than the old short cars. 
With the opening of 1892, 172 more long cars 
were ready for the electric service. Three types 
of electric cars are employed : the eight-wheel cars, 
designed by Louis Ptingst, the master mechanic of 
the road ; the six-wheel Robinson radial cars ; and 
the Pullman double-deckers. 
One having a fondness for 
figures has made this pictur- 
esque calculation : that the 
cars of the consolidated lines 
go twice around the globe 
every day ; they carry twice 
the number of people in the 
United States every year ; the 
cars in a train would extend 
twenty miles ; the car-houses 
cover more ground than is 
included in the Public Gar- 
den. In 1890 the West End 
Company obtained a charter 
for ele\ated railways, but 
0])erations under it were sus- 
IK-ndcd |)ending the report 
and recomniendations of the 
ka|ii(l Transit Commission 
created by the Legislature of 
I So I, its members ajipointed 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



27 



by the governor of the State and the mayor of the 
city. This commission made an exhaustive inquiry 
into the whole question examining systems in Eu- 
ropean as well as in American cities, and made 
lireliminary reports in February, 1892, upon the 
advantage of a combination of the elevated and 
tunnel systems. 



SOME NOTEWORTHY BUILDINGS. 

PUBLIC AND OTHER STRUCTURES, .MOHEKN AMI HIS- 
TORIC, AND INSTITUTIONS WITHIN THE BUSINESS 
QUARTERS. 

AX unusual number of buildings within the busi- 
ness quarters of the Boston of To-day are 
notable, many for their architectural design and 
decoration, and others for their historic associa- 
tions. Here are nearly all of the public buildings, 
national. State, and city ; the great exchanges ; 
several of the older literary institutions ; theatres ; 
hotels ; newspaper buildings ; Faneuil Hall, the Old 
State-House, the Old South Meeting-house, King's 
Chapel, and other cherished landmarks. 

Of the older public buildings the Custom-House, 
at the foot of State street, built entirely — walls, 
columns, roof, and dome — of granite, in the pure 
Doric style, is to-day the most interesting. De- 
signed to " stand for generations " it was con- 
structed with great deliberation, twelve years being 
consumed in the work. To making a secure foun- 
dation three of the dozen years were devoted. It 
is in the form of the Greek cross ; and the features 
of its exterior are the massive fluted columns 
surrounding it, 32 in all, each shaft being in one 
piece, five feet four inches in diameter, and weigh- 
ing about 42 tons. The porticos, on high flights of 
steps, have each six columns. The granite dome 
at the intersection of the cross terminates with a 
skylight 25 feet in diameter, and granite tile covers 
the roof. Drake informs us that the building con- 
tains " about the same number of cubic feet of stone 
as Bunker-Hill Monument." The feature of the 
interior is the cross-shaped rotunda, finished in the 
Grecian Corinthian order. Amnii B. Young was 
the architect of the building. Its construction was 
authorizeil by the Twenty-third Congress, in 1835, 
when Jackson was President, and it was completed 
during Polk's administration — opened August i, 
1847. Now some distance from the water front, 



when it was built the bowsprits of vessels lying at 
Long wharf and stretching across the street, almost 
touched its eastern front. 

The new Chamber of Commerce building (com- 
pleted in 1892), at the junction of India street and 
Central wharf, is of peculiar design. Like its 
neighbor, the Custom-House, it is constructed of 
granite, but there the likeness ends. In order to 
conform to the limitations of its site the building is 
irregular in plan. The corner at the junction of 
India street and Central wharf is rounded into a 
large circle of 40 feet radius, and is carried up as a 
large tower capped by a lofty conical roof sur- 
rounded by high dormer-windows. The other 
corner, on India street, is similarly rounded into a 
smaller tower. The building is seven stories high ; 
the height of the cornice above the sidewalk is 95 
feet, and from the sidewalk to the top of the coni- 
cal roof is 170 feet. On the first floor each of the 
three principal rooms is accessible from the street 
and from the corridors. The circular room, 80 
feet in diameter, with its domed ceiling, the apex 
of which is 38 feet above the floor, is the board 
room proper. Over the entrance is the gallery for 
visitors. Opening from the board room is the large 
reading-room, 1,500 square feet in area ; one side 
of the room almost entirely of glass. Connected 
with this by sliding doors are the two parlors and 
other rooms. The fourth, fifth, and sixth floors are 
used for offices. The building is fire-proof, the 
only woodwork being the doors and the wooden 
finish of the floors. It is well provided with stair- 
ways and elevators and is lighted by electricity. 
Shepley, Rutan, & Coolidge were the architects. It 
was dedicated in a cheerful fashion, with a recep- 
tion, banquet, and speeches, on the 20th and 21st 
of January, 1892. Formed by the union of the' 
Commercial and the Produce Exchanges in Sep- 
tember, 1885, the Chamber of Commerce is one of 
the youngest of the business institutions of the city. 
It comes of good Boston stock, a lineal descendant 
of the first Chamber of Commerce, born about 1803. 
That was succeeded by the first Corn Exchange, 
founded in 1839 ; that in turn by the second Corn 
Exchange, founded in 1855 ; and that by the Com- 
mercial Exchange, founded in 1870, now absorbed 
in the new organization. Its main objects are to 
promote just and equitable principles of trade ; 
establish and maintain uniformity in commercial 
usage ; correct abuses that may exist ; acquire, pre- 
serve, and disseminate valuable business infor- 
mation ; adjust controversies and misunderstand- 
ings among its members ; and generally to advance 
the interest of trade and commerce in the city. 



28 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 











CHAMBER OF COMMERCE. 



The Quincy Market-house (or Faneuil Hall, its 
official title), another near neighbor of the Custom 
House, but in the opposite direction, is of the same 
style of architecture and similar in design. Built 
also of Quincy granite, its strong points are its 
portico at either end, of four granite columns, each 
shaft in one piece, and its well-proportioned dome. 
It covers 27,000 feet of land, is 535 feet long, and 
two stories high. It was built in 1825-6, at a cost, 



exclusive of the land, of §150,000. As the central 
features of the great improvements planned and 
successfully carried through by the energetic and 
far-sighted first Mayor Quincy,' in the face of 
stout opposition from conservative Bostonians who 
regarded the " Quincy schemes " as visionary, it 
stands a substantial monument of his administra- 
tion. Alexander Parris was the architect of the 

' See introductory chapter, page 2. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAV. 



29 



building. A few years before, in conjunction with gotten that the first one, built on town land in 1742 
Solomon AVillard, he had designed the St. Paul's at the expense of Peter Faneuil, then one of the 

wealthiest merchants of the town, was intended pri- 



C'hurch on Tremont street. 




Famous Faneuil Hall, the " Old Cradle of marily for a market-house ; and that its establish- 

Liberty," opposite the Quincy Market-house, and ment was the outcome of a spirited local war over 

facing the square, is still the people's forum. The the town market-houses. A few years before Faneuil 

present building dates from 1763. It is not for- made his proposition to build the market-house and 



30 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



1 





to give it to tlie town on condition that the people 
should legally authorize it and maintain it under 
proper regulations, the Dock-square Market-house 
which had stood on its site had been demolished 
by a mob " disguised as clergymen." The 
question over which the people quarrelled was 
whether they should be ser\'ed at fixed localities or 



at their homes, as before the establishment of the 
town markets ; and such was the divisions of public 
opinion that Faneuil's offer was accepted by a 
majority of only seven out of the whole number 
votmg. The first house was a small affair, two 
stories high, the hall in the second story, lOO feet 
by 40 ; and it was designed by John Simibert, the 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



31 



painter. Faneuil died on the jd of March, 174.5, 
and it so happened that the first pubHc gathering 
in the new hall was on the occasion of the delivery 
of a eulogy of him, pronounced by Master Lovell, 
of the Latin School. On the 13th of January, 
I 761, this first building was burned, the walls only 
remaining, and the town immediately voted to re- 
build. Funds for the jiurpose were in part raised 
by a lottery, — lotteries then being authorized by 
law, — as money for paving streets had been 
raised a few years before. The new Faneuil Hall 
was completed in March, 1763, and on the 14th 
was formally dedicated to " the cause of liberty," 
James Otis delivering the dedicatory address. It 
was in this hall that the great town-meetings were 
held in the exciting times preceding the Revolu- 
tion, and from its platform the patriot orators of 
the day stirred and 
ner\ed the people with 
their fiery eloquence. On 
the reception of the news 
of the repeal of the Stamp 
.Act it was gayly illumi- 
nated, by vote of the 
town. During the Siege 
it was transformed into 
a playhouse' for the en- 
tertainment of the " Brit- 
ishers" and the loyalists 
shut up in the town. It 
was not until 1805 that 
the building was enlarged 
to its present proportions. 
Then it was e.xtended in 
width eighty feet and in- 
creased in height ; the 
third story was added, 
the galleries put in, and 
the interior remodelled : 
all according to plans 
drawn by the architect, 
Bulfinch. The grasshop- 
jjer vane on the tip of 
the cupola, an imitation 
of the pinnacle on the 
Royal Exchange, in Lon- 
don, was cut out by Dea- 
con Shem Drown, and 
adorned the first build- 
ing. Most of the paint- 
ings which now hang on 
the walls of the public 
hall are copies, the origi- 

I .See ch.ipter on Theatres. 



nals being in the Museum of Fine .Arts. The 
great painting by Healy, which hangs back of the 
platform, occupying almost the entire area of the 
rear wall, represents Webster addressing the Senate 
on the occasion of his celebrated reply to Hayne, 
of South Carolina. The room is the old Senate 
Chamber now occupied by the United States 
Supreme Court, and the figures in the painting 
are most of them portraits of senators and dis- 
tinguished citizens of that day. The upper hall of 
the building, used as the armory of the Ancient and 
Honorable Artillery, contains a number of objects 
of historic interest collected by this ancient or- 
ganization, — the oldest military company in the 
country. The market yet flourishes, occupying the 
street floor and the basement. 

The Post-office and Sub-Treasury, the great 







J- -in 

PROPOSED NEW BUILDING OF THE INTERNATIONAL TRUST COMPANY. 



.32 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



granite ])ile, a composition of pilasters and columns 
and round-arched ornamented windows, facing 
Post-ofifice square, covers an area of nearly 45,000 
feet of land. The fagades rise 100 or more feet 
above the sidewalks, and the central portion of 
each reaches a height of 126 feet. The sculptured 
figures high up on the Post-office square front adorn 
the building. They are seventeen feet high, of 
Vermont marble, and the work of Daniel C. French, 
of Concord. The group on the left represents 
Labor supporting Domestic Life and sustaining the 
Fine Arts, and that on the right Science controlling 
the forces of Electricity and Steam. In the first 
Labor is portrayed by a stalwart figure leaning 
against an anvil, its horn supporting his right arm, 
with the mother and child at his side, and at his left 
the Fine .\rts, a graceful female figure, supporting a 
vase on her knee, sculptured masks and capitals 
lying at her feet. Li the other group Science, a 
woman, is seated, directing with her right hand 
Electricity, a youth with winged feet, resting with 
her left hand on the shoulder of Steam, who is 
chained to a locomotive wheel. Her foot rests up- 
on a closed volume, — her undiscovered secrets, — 
and her left arm supports a horseshoe magnet with 
a thunderbolt as an armature. The Post-office De- 
partment occupies the basement, ground floor, and 
a portion of the second story of the building ; on 
the second floor are the Sub-Treasury with its 
ornate " Marble Cash Room," the Naval Pay Office, 
and the Internal Revenue offices ; the third floor is 
entirely occupied by the United States courts and 
connecting offices ; the fourth contains the offices 
of the Light-house Board, Light-house Inspector, 
special agents of the Treasury, jury, and model 
rooms ; and the fifth is devoted to the Signal Ser- 
vice Department. The total cost of the structure, 
land and all appurtenances, was $5,894,295. It was 
projected in 1867, but building did not begin until 
1869; and it was not until .August, 1885, that the 
work was done. Previous to its establishment here 
the Post-office had been a wanderer about the town. 
During a large part of the time before the Revolu- 
tion it was in buildings on Washington street, then 
called Cornhill, between Water street and the 
present Cornhill. During the Siege it was estab- 
lished in Cambridge. .After the Evacuation it re- 
turned to the east side of Washington street, near 
State. .'Afterwards it was removed to State street, 
on the site of the first meeting-house of the colon- 
ists, about where Brazer's building now is : then 
for a while it was in the old State House ; then in 
the old Merchants' Exchange building (the site of 
which is now covered by the great State-street Ex- 



change), where the fire of 1872 overtook it: then 
for a brief period in Faneuil Hall ; and then for a 
longer time in the Old South Meeting-house, from 
which it moved into its present permanent quarters. 

Surrounding the Post-office and in its immediate 
neighborhood are a number of handsome modern 
buildings. The group on the south side of the 
square, along the line of Milk street, composed of 
the towering granite structure of the Equitable Life 
Assurance Society, the white marble building of the 
Mutual Insurance Company of New York, with its 
graceful tower, and the granite building of the New 
England Mutual Life, are especially interesting. A 
short distance down Milk street, at the corner of 
Oliver, the great stone building of the American 
Telephone Company, completed in 1891, and the 
Mason building occupying the middle of Liberty 
square, are well designed and adorn the neighbor- 
hood. 

Ambitious buildings erected on State street in re- 
cent years have greatly changed the appearance of 
this historic old thoroughfare. It is no longer pic- 
turesquely old-fashioned. With the colossal State- 
street Exchange, the massive Fiske building, the 
Farlow building, and other new structures of more 
or less elaborate design, the old street has become 
in large part modernized, and before very long will 
be entirely transformed. The Exchange, extend- 
ing from Congress to Kilby streets, while not so 
attractive architecturally as some of its. neighbors, 
fulfils the requirements of modern business in a 
way which cannot be excelled by any similar struct- 
ure in the country. In its eleven hundred and odd 
rooms are gathered representatives of nearly all the 
business professions. Lawyers and brokers flourish 
in richest profusion. But its distinguished charac- 
teristic lies in the fact that it contains the commo- 
dious (|uarters of the Stock Exchange. The great 
chamber, immediately opposite the main entrance 
on the first floor, is 115 feet long by 50 wide, and 
35 feet high. The interior decorations are in 
white and light yellow, and the Corinthian pillars 
around the side lend digftity to the room. The 
frescoing is rich. Over the door is the large vis- 
itors' gallery. In the middle of the chamber on 
the right is the " pulpit," where the chairman sits 
during the sessions. Near by is the telegraph 
room ; on the same side, at the farther end of the 
chamber, is the Boston Stock Board, and opposite 
that the New York board, with a nest of telephone 
boxes beneath it. Opposite the "pulpit" is the 
entrance to the bond-room, with its massive black 
Tennessee marble fireplace. The Exchange build- 
ing, built of stone, is in the Italian Renaissance. 












.iJ- 






JOHN HANCOCK BUILDING. 



34 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Begun in June, 1.SS9, it was completed on April 20, 
1 89 1, when the quarters of the Stock Exchange 
were occupied. Its cost above the ground was 
gi, 800,000, and including the land, §3,376,500. 
Peabody & Stearns were the architects of the build- 

At the head of State street still stands the quaint 
old State House, — the Town House before the 
Revolution, — restored through the well-directed 
efforts of good citizens to something quite like its 
appearance during the most exciting periods of its 
history. In 1882, at the time when it was rescued 
from the vandals, who in this case were the city 
authorities, it was in a deplorable condition. For 
years it had been a homely place of law and gen- 
eral business offices. The interior and exterior had 
been built over and built upon, and changed and 
cut up, in a most ruthless manner, that the city, to 
whom it belonged, might receive the fullest income 
in rentals from it. An ugly mansard roof had been 
built out from the fine old timbers, some of which 
were hacked almost apart to accomplish this work. 
The neglected, dingy face of the building was plas- 
tered with business signs. The work of restoration 
was done as thoroughly as possible, and with the 
utmost care as to details. Above the second story 
the exterior of the building is a quite faithful copy 
of the old. The windows of the upper story are 
modelled upon the small-paned windows of colonial 
days. The balcony of this story was restored upon 
the model of the still existing attic balcony, and is 
reached through the original window of twisted 
crown glass. In place of the mansard roof was 
rebuilt the old pitch-roof resting upon the original 
timbers. On the eastern gables copies of the lion 
and unicorn were placed ; and subsequently, to 
appease over-sensitive citizens who foolishly ob- 
jected to this part of the restoration, a bright gilt 
eagle was set up on the western front with the State 
and city arms. The building is painted a yellowish 
olive, with darker trimmings, following the colors in 
the oldest oil painting of the structure in existence, 
bearing the date of 1800. The interior, again 
above the first story, shows the arrangement and 
architecture of the old time. The two main halls 
here have the same floor and ceilings, and on three 
sides the same walls that they had in 1748. The 
finish here consists of dado, frieze, and ornamental 
mantels and doorcases. In the eastern room, look- 
ing down State street, an apartment not more than 
thirty-two feet square, the royal governor and council 
used to sit in the days before the Revolution ; and in 
the western room, on the Washington-street end, sat 
the General Court. The whole of the second floor. 



the attics and cupola, are leased by the city to the 
Bostonian Society, the organization which secured 
the restoration, incorporated in 1881 " to promote 
the study of the history of the city of Boston and the 
preservation of its antiquities." It maintains in the 
rooms a free public exhibition of a most interesting 
collection of antiquities. 

No building now standing in the city has a more 
interesting history than this Old State House. Built 
in 1748 upon the site of the former Town House 
which had been burned, the walls of the latter util- 
ized in the new structure, it became the <|uarters of 
the courts and the legislature of the colony, of the 
royal governors and the provincial council ; after the 
Revolution, the meeting-place of the General Court 
of the Commonwealth ; after the town became a 
city, the City Hall ; and for a while the post-office. 
In front of its doors, during the Stamp Act excite- 
ment, the people burned the stamped clearances. 
Within the building, in 1768, the British troops 
were quartered, taking possession of all parts of it 
except the council chamber, " to the great annoy- 
ance of the courts while they sat, and of the mer- 
chants and gentlemen of the town who had always 
used its lower floor as their_ exchange. " Near its 
eastern porch occurred the Boston Massacre of 
March 5, 1770. Within the council chamber Sam 
Adams, as chairman of the committee of the great 
town meetings held the next day, which voted that 
the town " should be evacuated by the soldiers at 
all hazards," demanded of Lieut. -(iovernor Hutch- 
mson and the council the immediate removal of the 
troops " with such dignity and firmness " that the 
request was promptly complied with.' Here Gen- 
eral (iage held a council of war with Generals Howe 
and Clinton just before the affair at Bunker Hill. 
As the royal proclamations had been read from the 
balcony at the east end, so the Declaration of In- 
dependence was read when " undissembled festivity 
cheered and lightened every face. " And that 
night in the sciuare before the house " every King's 
Arms in Boston and every sign with any resem- 
blance of it, whether Lion and Crown, Pestle and 
Mortar and Crown, Heart and Crown, &c., together 
with every sign that belonged to a Tory, was taken 



■d in her statue 
il in old Dock 
The p.itriot is 



i\ Boston 

. hiselled 
linid be- 




1 I nun J 

]j I II 11 "J 








BUILDING OF THE AMERICAN BELL TELEPHONE COMPANY. 



36 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 






f:. 



n 



\i 










Mfl'?!ii 



STATE-STREET EXCHANGE. 



down and made a general conflagration of." In 
one of its rooms the constitution of the State was 
planned ; here the convention that ratified the new 
United States Constitution sat before adjourning to 
the Federal-street meeting-house ; ' and here Wash- 
ington on the occasion of his last visit to Boston, in 
1789, standing on the platform of the colonnade at 



1 The convention first met in the old Brattle-square meeting-house, 
which stood until 1S71, when it was sold and torn down to make way 
for a business block. 



the west end of the building projecting " boldly into 
the main street so as to exhibit in a strong light the 
man of the people," reviewed the great procession in 
his honor. In later times, when it was the City Hall, 
it was made the refuge of William Lloyd Garrison 
from the mob of October, 1835, which had broken 
up an anti-slavery meeting. Here Mayor Lyman 
rescued him, and, as night was falling, by a ruse got 
him out from the northern door and safely con- 
veyed to the old Leverett-street jail for protection. 




FI8KE BUILDING. 



38 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Other notable buildings, new business structures 
in this neighborhood which command attention 
either by their style or size, are the towering Ames 
building, on the corner of Washington and Court 
streets, sixteen stories high and the loftiest in town 
(Shepley, Rutan, & Coolidge, architects) ; the sub- 
stantial Sears building, on the opposite corner of the 
same streets, in part rebuilt and considerably en- 
larged in 1890-91 after a fire which burned out a 
portion of the interior (Cummings & Sears, archi- 
tects) : and the Hemenway building, on the corner 
of Tremont street and Pemberton square. Of these 
the new Ames building attracts most attention by 
reason of its height and ornateness of design. It 
covers an exceedingly small area when it is consid- 
ered that its granite walls rise a distance of 190 feet. 
In less than twenty months from the date of the 
building permit, the nth of December, 1889, the 
work was completed. The cost was between 
§600,000 and §700,000. Here are established sev- 
eral banking institutions and many professional and 
business men. 

The City Hall, on School street, its highly orna- 
mented front and the west walls of white Concord 
granite, and those on the City Hall avenue and 
Court square sides of stone from the old City Hall 
that stood on the same spot, was designed by C. 
J. F. Bryant and Arthur Oilman. Its style is the 
Italian Renaissance as elaborated by modern French 
architects. The heavy dome which crowns the 
structure is itself surrounded by a balcony with 
lions' heads at its corners and a gilded eagle at the 
front. Planned on a liberal scale, it was supposed 
that the building would be fully equal to the needs 
of the city for many years ; but it early proved inad- 
equate, and many departments of the government 
are now crowded into other quarters in nearby 
buildings. If the erection of an entirely new City 
Hall on Beacon street between Somerset and Bow- 
doin streets (the project proposed by Mayor Mat- 
thews in 1892) is not authorized, it is possible that 
u))on the completion of the new Court House an 
annex to the present building will be constructed 
from the present Court House, or upon its site, 
across Court square. The City Hall yard, through 
which the building is approached, is made attrac- 
tive by well-kept lawns and masses of flowers or 
plants displayed in the large urns. Of the bronze 
statues on either side of the walk, that of Frank- 
lin, by Richard S. Greenough, was first set up in 
1856 in front of the old City Hall, and moved to 
its present position in 1865 ; and that of the first 
Mayor Quincy, by Thomas Ball, was placed on 
the 17th of September, 1879. Both have re- 



ceived their fair share of criticism ; but the sober 
judgment of the quieter critics was evidently ex- 
pressed by those who pronounced the one a most 
interesting statue, and the other a strong figure un- 
gracefully draped. The Franklin stands eight feet 
high on its granite pedestal capped with a block of 
verd-antique. The four bas-reliefs represent in- 
teresting periods in the philosopher's career. The 
cost of the statue was met by popular subscription, 
and on the occasion of its dedication Robert C. 
Winthrop was the orator. The Quincy statue was 
paid for from the income of the Jonathan Phillips 
fund.^ The present City Hall was dedicated on 
the 1 8th of September, 1865. That which preceded 
it, the then " Old Court House " remodelled, had 
been used since 1840, and before that the Old 
State House was the City Hall. The first city 
government was organized in Faneuil Hall (the 
ist of May, 1822). 

Nearly opposite the foot of School street, oc- 
cupying the corner of Washington and Milk, stands 
the Old South Meeting-house, another historic land- 
mark, for the preservation of which we are indebted 
to a few patriotic citizens. Jealously protected, it 
holds its place in one of the busiest parts of the 
city. The external appearance has not changed in 
a hundred and fifty years. Standing in Governor 
John Winthrop's lot, it is an historic building oc- 
cupying historic ground. Until its destruction by 
the British during the Siege, the old homestead of 
the first governor stood next the church towards 
Spring lane. The land for the meeting-house was 
given by Madam Mary Norton, to whom the Win- 
throp estate ultimately passed in trust, " forever for 
the erecting of a house for their assembling them- 
selves together publiquely to worship God." In the 
little cedar meeting-house, the first built on the spot 
(in 1669), Benjamin Franklin was baptized in 1703, 
when his father's home was across the way on Milk 
street, the site of which was for many years marked 
by the "Post" building at No. 15. And in 1696 
Judge Sewall stood up in his pew here while his 
confession of contrition for his share in the witch- 
craft delusion was read. The present house was 
built in 1730 and dedicated in April that year. It 
was within this building that those great town-meet- 
ings for which Faneuil Hall was too small were 
held, when momentous questions were considered 
and decisive action taken. It was here that the 
overflowing meeting the day after the " Boston 
Massacre " waited while Sam Adams and the others 
of its committee went back and forth to the Town 




JOHN C. PAIGE INSURANCE BUILDING. 



40 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



House until Hutchinson yielded and gave the order 
for the withdrawal of the troops. Here on the 27th 
of November, 1773, was held the great meeting 
which resolved that the " Odious Tea " should not 
be landed; and on the i6th of December the last 
of the series, and the greatest of all, which was 
followed by the destruction of the tea by the " Sons 
of Liberty " disguised as " Mohawks." This was the 
meeting of seven thousand determined townsmen 
who sat until long after candle-light waiting for the re- 
turn of the messengers sent to Hutchinson, who had 
stolen off to his country place at Milton ; and when 
they finally appeared with the word that he had 
refused his pass for the tea ships to proceed to sea, 
" solemnly arose the voice of Samuel Adams, ' this 
meeting can do nothing more to save the country.' 
Then rang from the gallery the signal war-whoop. 
It was reechoed from the street below. The meet- 
ing adjourned to Griffin's (now Liverpool) wharf, 
and the work was done." Here Warren delivered 
the annual oration commemorative of the " Massa- 
cre " in March, 1775, three months before he was 
killed at Bunker Hill, when the doorways, aisles, 
and pulpit steps and platform were occupied by 
British officers and soldiers; making his entrance 
into the church through the window back of the 
pulpit to avoid an affray by forcing his way through 
the crowded doorway and aisles. During the 
Siege the meeting-house was transformed into 
a riding-.school for Burgoyne's regiment of the 
" Queen's Light Dragoons." " Dirt and gravel was 
spread on the floor," says Frothingham ; " a bar 
was fixed over which the cavalry leaped their horses 
at full speed ; the east galleries were allotted to 
spectators ; the first gallery was fitted up as a re- 
freshment-room. A stove was put up in the winter, 
and here were burnt for kindling many of the books 
and manuscripts of Prince's fine library." After 
the Revolution the interior was restored to its 
former condition. No regular religious services 
have been held in the meeting-house since 1872, 
when the Old South Society moved to the Back 
Bay. After the Great Fire of 1872, which happily 
spared it, it was used as the post-office, as has 
already been stated, until the com])letion of the 
first section of the present government building. 
The loan exhibition of Revolutionary and other 
relics which was afterwards established within the 
meeting-house has been enriched by gifts from time 
to time, until now it has become one of the most 
interesting collections in town. The fees received 
for admission go into the preservation fund. The 
Old South lectures to young people given each 
season in the meeting-house help to keep fresh in 



the minds of the youth of the day the details of the 
history of their country. 

For the preser%ation of King's Chapel, which 
marks the corner of School and Tremont streets, 
no movement of citizens has yet been necessary. 
It has been steadfastly protected and sustained by 
those who possess it. No finer example of the 
architecture of its day remains with us. Built of 
dark granite, — the stone brought from Braintree, 
where it was taken from the surface of the ground, as 
there were then no quarries, — with its small quaint 
windows, its heavy square tower surrounded by 
wooden Ionic columns, and its low roof, it stands in 
a neighborhood of most modern buildings a digni- 
fied and picturesque relic of the past. Most inter- 
esting, however, is the interior. Its rows of 
columns supporting the ceiling, the richly painted 
windows of the chancel, the antique pulpit and 
reading-desk, the square high-backed pews, the 
mural tablets, and the sculptured marble monu- 
ments lining the outer walls, — all combine to im- 
press the visitor with its faithful likeness to old 
London city churches. The corner-stone was laid 
in 1749, but the structure was slow in building, 
and it was not until the late summer of 1754 
that the first services were held within its walls. 
Then it was without the portico, which was not 
completed until 1789; and the steeple, which was 
embraced in the design of the architect, Peter 
Harrison, was never built. During the Siege the 
British officers attended the regular services of the 
chapel, and among the royalists who fled with 
Howe's army when the town was evacuated was its 
rector, taking with him the church registers and 
vestments. Then for about five years, while its 
own meeting-house was undergoing repairs, the Old 
South Society occupied the chapel, and it was not 
until 1782 that the remnant of the old parish again 
took possession of it. It was in that year reopened 
for regular services, with James Freeman as 
" reader ; " and the interesting fact is frequently re- 
called that under his teachings the first Episcopal 
church established in Boston became the first 
Unitarian. The change was formally made in 1787, 
when Dr. Freeman was ordained rector, and the 
connection with the American Protestant Episcopal 
Church terminated. The first King's Chapel, which 
the present succeeded, was that one built in 
1688, during the administration of the arbitrary 
Andros, whom the colonists finally overthrew, for 
the first Episcopal parish whose services had previ- 
ously been held in the Old South, the use of which 
a portion of each Sunday for this purpose Andros 
peremptorily demanded. The site for the chajjel 








i^t^t^l^ '^^'^ 



I II -' ■ Jill 








1ES BUILDING. 



42 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



was taken by Andros from the territory set aside for its sides are bounded by Pemberton sciuare, a third 

the old burying-ground — the oldest in town, in by Somerset street, and the rear of the building 

which are the graves of (Governor John Winthrop, ends far down the slope to the north, where it abuts 

his son and grandson, (;overnor Shirley, Lady against a block of dwelling-houses on Somerset 

Andros, John Cotton, John Davenport, John Oxen- street. The material used in construction is 

bridge, and others of the early settlers. This site granite from ([uarries in Maine and Massachusetts, 




was subsequently legally acquired, in 1749, by pur- 
chase from the town. 

The new Court House for the County of Suffolk, 
occupying the entire west side of Pemberton 
square, is intended to replace the gloomy granite 
structure in Court square, which since the year 
1836 has served the various purposes of a seat of 
justice for the county. In its natural features the 
site is admirably chosen. The ground slopes from 
its base on three sides, and upon the fourth a 
gentle ascent leads to the State House, two blocks 
away, crowning Beacon hill. The new building 
stands upon the easterly slope of the hill ; two of 



with the exception of that portion of the rear build- 
ing fronting on Somerset street, to be occupied 
by the city prison and criminal courts, which is 
of faced brick trimmed with granite. The new 
structure is massive but symmetrical in its propor- 
tions. The style of architecture is of the German 
Renaissance. The plan is upon the system of open 
court-yards, there being four within the area of the 
general block, with all the rooms and corridors, to- 
gether with the exterior walls grouped about them, 
and thus an abundance of light and air is obtained 
for all the various apartments at every section of 
the building. The actual area in the four court- 




SEARS BUILDII 



44 



liOS'lON OF TO-DAY. 



yards required to fulfil the object of light and air is 
14,632 square feet, while the building itself covers 
about 65,356 feet. The building proper is 85 feet 
in height; to the top of the central dome, 250 feet 
above Pemberton square level ; the length is 450 
feet; and the greatest width 190 feet. The con- 
struction of this Court House was begun under the 
authority of an act of the Legislature of 1885, and 
the work was placed under the direction of a board 
of three commissioners, Solomon B. Stebbins, 
Thomas J. Whidden, and Godfrey Morse, appointed 
by the mayor of Boston. A competition was 
entered into among the architects of the country, 
and about thirty responded. The designs prepared 
by George A. Clough were selected, and under his 
direction the building is being erected. The 
corner-stone was laid on June 6, 1887, and the 
work will be completed this year (1892). Its 
total estimated cost is $2,500,000. It contains 
ample and convenient accommodations for the 
Supreme Judicial Court of the Commonwealth, the 
Superior Civil Court and Criminal Court, the Mu- 
nicipal Criminal and Civil Courts, the Probate Court 
and Registry, and the Juvenile Court and Inquests. 
The sherift's and similar offices are on the ground 
floor, adjacent to the main entrance. All entrances 
for judges and jury are in the rear of the building. 

In this neighborhood, and on the slope of Beacon 
hill, are a number of the literary and other institu- 
tions which give character to the city. Of these, the 
Massachusetts Historical Society, its granite-faced 
building occupying one side of the King's Chapel 
Burying-ground and next adjoining the Boston 
Museum, is most important. This is the oldest 
historical society in the country, and upon its roll of 
members are many of the most distinguished names 
in American literature. Originally organized in 
1 791 (incorporated 1794) by a small number of 
students of American history, and limited to " thirty 
citizens of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, " 
its first meetings were held in the attic of Faneuil 
Hall. It was not until 1857 that the society was 
enlarged, and then the limit was fixed at one hun- 
dred resident members. From the first its object 
has been the " collection, preservation, and diffusion 
of the materials for American history," and so early 
as 1792 its first volume of "Collections" was 
printed. From Faneuil Hall it moved to rooms in 
Hamilton place, then to Franklin place, and in 
1833 to its present quarters. In 1872 this building 
was thoroughly remodelled and made fire-proof. 
The publications of the Society have thus far been 
54 volumes of " Collections ; " 26 volumes of Pro- 
ceedings and an Index volume ; a Catalogue of the 



Library in two volumes; a Catalogue of the Dowse 
Library (bequeathed to the society in 1856 by the 
late Thomas Dowse) in one volume ; a Catalogue of 
the paintings, busts, and other material belonging 
to the Cabinet ; and a volume of Lowell Lectures 
on Massachusetts and its Early History. The 
library, including the Dowse collection of 4,650 
volumes, contains about 36,000 bound volumes and 
upward of 90,000 pamphlets, many in each depart- 
ment being very rare. The collection of manu- 
scripts is very rich, and numbers 738 bound volumes, 
161 unbound volumes, 75 pamphlets, and upward of 
7,000 separate manuscripts. Among them are the 
letters and papers of Gen. William Heath and 
Timothy Pickering, the Trumbull and Belknap 
Papers, a large collection of manuscripts used by 
Francis Parkman in writing his histories, and two 
volumes of Winthrop's journals. The collection of 
books relative to the Rebellion is one of the largest 
in the country. In the cabinet are many valuable 
portraits, busts, and other objects of historical in- 
terest. Over the door of the room which contains 
the Dowse Library are two swords worn in the 
Battle of Bunker Hill by an American and an Eng- 
lish officer — Colonel Prescott and Captain Linzee — 
whose descendants afterward intermarried, the his- 
torian William H. Prescott, a grandson of Colonel 
Prescott, having married the granddaughter of Cap- 
tain Linzee. The membership of the society is 
still limited to one hundred, but the rooms are gen- 
erously open to scholars and others for reference. 
Robert C. Winthrop was long the president, having 
held that office for twenty-eight consecutive years. 
Upon his retirement he was succeeded by the Rev. 
Dr. George E. Ellis. Dr. Samuel A. Green has 
been the librarian for many years. 

The classic freestone fagade of the Boston 
Athenpeum, on Beacon street, just above Tremont 
place, from designs by Edward C. Cabot, well in- 
dicates the character of this structure. It was 
built as long ago as 1847-49, ^' '^ cost of about 
§200,000, — large for those days. Its style is that of 
the later Italian architecture, an excellent " example 
of a Palladian palace front, " says Charles A. Cum- 
mings in the "Memorial History," "with high base- 
ment of rusticated piers and round arches carrying 
an order of Corinthian pilasters with lofty windows 
between, embellished with pedimented caps." The 
basement is of solid masonry, and the first floor is 
supported on ground arches of brick. The digni- 
fied vestibule contains the stairway which gives ac- 
cess to all parts of the house. On the first floor is 
a reading-room, with a room for works of fiction ad- 
joining, and also the delivery-desks. The library 




CITY HALL. 



46 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



hall occupies the whole of the second floor. An 
iron balcony is attached to the walls, which is 
reached by several spiral staircases. This is one of 
the quietest, lightest, and most perfect reading- 
rooms in the city. The third floor is also used for 
library purposes. Statues and busts in marble, as 
well as paintings, serve the useful purpose of decora- 
tion throughout the building. Old Bostonians 
rightly regard the Athenaeum as one of the choicest 
of the city's literary institutions. It had its origin 
in the " Anthology Club," a " modest centre of lit- 
erary radiance in the little town," it has been called, 
organized by a number of literary gentlemen in 
1804. For a while its members edited and pub- 
lished the " Monthly Anthology ; or, Magazine of 
Polite Literature;" and in 1806 they established an 
" Anthology Reading-room and Library. " This 
was the beginning of the present Athenaeum. The 
society was incorporated that year, and was estab- 
lished in Scollay's building, which used to stand in 
ScoUay square. Soon after it removed to a house 
on Tremont street, where the Historical Society's 
building now is, and later occupied the fair mansion- 
house of James Perkins, on Pearl street, which he 
presented to the corporation. And now was begun 
on a larger scale the collection of the library and of 
works of art. The former early took rank as one of 
the best libraries in the country, and the latter be- 
came large and important. Annual exhibitions 
were held in the art gallery, and it has been said 
that the society did more than any other organiza- 
tion to " foster in this community a knowledge and 
love of art. " The larger part of its art collection 
formed the nucleus of the Art Museum. The cor- 
poration has funds of over §450,000, the income of 
which is used for the purchase of new books for the 
library, works of art, and other necessary expenses. 
The library has grown very large and valuable, and 
now numbers 175,000 volumes and 56,000 pam- 
phlets. Among the interesting collections is the 
library of Washington, purchased in 1848 at a cost 
of S4,ooo ; and a large number of permanent photo- 
graphs, by Braun, after paintings in the chief Euro- 
pean galleries, — 4,313 in all, more than any other 
library in the world possesses. The librarian of the 
Athenaeum, Charles A. Cutter, one of the foremost 
of American bibliographers, has occupied the posi- 
tion for many years. Only the shareholders have 
the right to use the books of the Ubrary, but students 
and strangers are always courteously accorded the 
privileges of the institution. Mr. Samuel Eliot is 
its president. 

The American Academy of Arts and Sciences 
occupies the hall on the street floor of the Athe- 



naeum building at the left of the entrance, and here 
is its valuable library, which nicludes volumes of its 
" Transactions " and of reports and papers of various 
learned societies at home and abroad with which it 
corresponds. It has had a long and honorable 
career. Founded in 1780, for the purpose of pro- 
moting scientific observation, philosophic inquiries 
and discoveries, a knowledge of the antiquities and 
natural history of America, it has included in its 
membership many of the most learned and distin- 
guished citizens of the L'nited States. It has 
charge of the awarding of the Rumford medals 
provided for by the trust founded by Count Rum- 
ford (Benjamin Thompson, a native of Woburn, 
made Count by the Elector of Bavaria, whose ser- 
vice he entered in 1784, previously Sir Benjamin 
Thompson, knighted by the English king for his 
services on the British side in the Revolution, to 
which he turned after failing to get a commission in 
the Continental army) " for the advancement of the 
knowledge of light and heat and of their practical 
application." At its centennial celebration in May, 
1880, Robert C. Winthrop delivered the oration. 

In the same neighborhood, at No. 13 Somerset 
street, is the building of the New England Historic 
Genealogical Society, one of the leading antiquarian 
organizations of the country, its incorporation 
dating from 1845. It was started by five gentle- 
men interested in genealogical research, among 
whom was Samuel Drake, the author of those in- 
teresting books on early Boston which all lovers of 
the town and students of its history prize. For 
many years the rooms of the society were on 
Tremont street, near those of the Historical Society. 
In 1870 the present house was purchased, and after 
a thorough reconstruction was opened and dedi- 
cated in March the following year with fitting cere- 
monies. Its cost was §40,000, and this sum was 
comfortably raised by subscription among the mem- 
bers and friends of the society. The first president 
was Charles Ewer, one of the incorporators, and he 
was succeeded by Ciovernor John A. Andrew, who 
held the position until his death in 1868, when the 
late Marshall P. Wilder was chosen. A. C. Oood- 
ell, the present president, succeeded Mr. Wilder. 
The society has a library of 16,000 volumes, about 
70,000 pamphlets, relating to New England local 
history and including many family genealogies ; a 
large number of rare manuscripts and a cabinet of 
curiosities. The rarest books are kept in a fire- 
proof room on the first floor of the building, and the 
main library is on the second. The society pub- 
lishes quarterly the " New England Historical and 
Genealogical Register." 



^rS^H^ 



'^fB-'X 




ALBION BUILDING - HOUGHTON & DUITGN. 



48 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Jacob Sleeper Hall, also on Somerset street, 
near Beacon, is the main building of Boston 
University. It occupies the site of the old Somer- 
set-street Baptist Church, whose tall spire was for 
years a familiar landmark. It is a quietly decorated 
building of pressed brick and terra-cotta, the style 
a freely treated Renaissance. A number of the 
windows are filled in with cathedral glass in delicate 
tints, and the transom lights of others are glazed 
with quarry glass. The entrance doors are of oak. 
At the left of the front is a private entrance for 
women students. The interior is admirably ar- 
ranged and artistically embellished. The architect 
of the building was ^^'illiam G. Preston. Here are 
the headquarters of the University, the College of 
Liberal Arts, and the School of All Sciences. Front- 
ing on Ashburton place, and connected at the rear 
with the main building, is the building of the Law 
School ; and farther over on Beacon hill, occupy- 
ing the tall brown-stone building No. 7 2 Mt. Vernon 
street (formerly the fine dwellings of the late Na- 
thaniel Thayer and Francis B. Hayes) is the School 
of Theology (formerly the Boston Theological Sem- 
inary, one of the oldest schools of the Methodist 
Episcopal Church). The other departments of the 
LTniversity are the .School of Medicine, connected 
with the Massachusetts Homoeopathic Hospital,' 
and the College of Music, better known as the New 
England Conservatory of Music,' both at the South 
End. The University was founded in i86g, and 
started liberally endowed. Its greatest benefactor 
was the late Isaac Rich, one of its founders, who 
left by his will his entire estate, after the payment 
of certain other bequests and claims, from which the 
institution realized about $700,000. The other 
founders were Lee Claflin and Jacob Sleeper, for 
whom the main building is named. William F. 
Warren, S.T.D., LL.L)., is the president of the 
University. 

The faced-granite building on Beacon street, at 
the corner of Somerset, now the Congregational 
House, used to be the home of the Somerset Club, 
and originally it was a block of two mansion- 
houses, one of them, that of David Hinckley, in its 
day, seventy-five years or so ago, the finest in town. 
On its site long stood a quaint old stone house, 
the oldest then standing in town, built by the Rev. 
James Allen, pastor of the First Church (from 
1668-17 10), and occupied by his descendants until 
shortly before its removal. The Somerset Club 
moved out in 1872, and in 1873, \vhen the building 
came into the possession of the Congregational 
Association (incorporated in 1854), it was raised and 

^ and 2. See chapter on the South End. 



remodelled. This work was considered at the time 
a marvel of engineering skill. In the Congrega- 
tional House are now established the executive 
officers of the American Board of Missions, the 
Massachusetts Home Missionary Society, the Con- 
gregational Publishing Society, the Woman's Board, 
the American Missionary Association, the New 
West Fxlucational Society, the American College 
and Education Society, the Woman's Home Mis- 
sionary Association, the American Peace Society, the 
Congregational Library, the City Missionary Society, 
and the Boston School of Oratory. Here, too, 
are the editorial and business rooms of " The Con- 
gregationalist," newspaper. In the large hall on the 
third floor the Congregational ministers have their 
regular Monday meetings, and the Congregational 
Club its monthly dinners and social gatherings. 

Architecturally the Channing building, at the cor- 
ner of Beacon and Bowdoin streets, — the L^nitarian 
Denominational House and headquarters of the 
American Unitarian Association, — is the most 
peculiar of the group of noteworthy buildings on 
this part of the hill. It is constructed of brown 
sandstone, in the Roman style called " rusticated," 
having many of the characteristics of the fortress- 
like palaces of Rome, Florence, and Naples. The 
windows are round-headed, arranged in twos and 
threes, and the decorations about them, with the 
cornice capping the structure, help to relieve its 
heaviness. The approach to the main entrance is 
by a dignified flight of stone steps. Within are 
denominational book salesrooms, officers' and com- 
mittee rooms, and on the upper floor Channing 
Hall, well lighted by side windows and skylights, 
and finished with the roof-timbers in sight. The 
building is a most substantial structure throughout. 
The partitions are either u\' brie k or of cement 
blocks, the stairs are of iron, the halls are finished 
in face-brick, and the rooms in oak. Peabody & 
Stearns were the architects. The building was 
dedicated on June 24, 1886. Its inception was in 
a meeting of the Unitarian Club on December 13, 
1882, when the late Henry P. Kidder offered to 
head a subscription for the enterprise with $10,000. 
The fund was speedily raised, the lot secured, and 
the work of construction begun. 

The old Amory mansion-house, on the corner of 
Beacon and Park streets, now used for business pur- 
poses, has not lost all its dignity and picturesque- 
ness through the many changes it has experienced. 
Good taste has been displayed in the work of 
modelling it for the uses of trade, and care has been 
taken to preserve as far as possible the old lines and 
finish. It has been in its day a famous house. In 




CHADWICK BUILDING --W. H. BRINE. 



5° 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



the Park-street side — it was early in its career 
converted into two dwellings — George Ticknor 
lived from 1830 until his death in 1870, and the 
ivy-covered porch and front was the artistic feature 
of the short thoroughfare. It was built about the 
year 1804 by Thomas Amory, and was called by the 
townspeople "Amory's Folly" because of its size 
and elegance, for ahead of the times. At a later 
period, and before it was divided, it was kept as a 
fashionable boarding-house by a Mrs. Carter. Here 
Lafayette staynl when in Boston in 1824, as a 
guest of the city, Mayor (^uincy having rented the 
house for his week's visit. Among its other distin- 
guished occupants, at one time and another, were 
Christopher Gore, one of the best of our governors, 
with whom Daniel Webster studied law, and for 
whom the library of Harvard College was named ; 
Samuel Dexter, one of the giants of the bar and a 
statesman who filled various cabinet offices in the 
national government ; and Edward G. Malbone, the 
famous miniature painter, who has preserved for 
many Bostonians the likenesses of their great-grand- 
mothers. The site of this rare old mansion-house 
was earlier occupied by the brick almshouse, with 
its gambrel roof and projecting gable. 

The State House, on the summit of the hill, with 
its gilded dome, the crowning feature in every 
picture or "View of Boston," and the first object 
which attracts the eye of the traveller approaching 
the city, is the best example — indeed, one of the 
few now remaining — of the work of Charles Bul- 
finch, the pioneer Boston architect who did so much 
in his day, through the buildings which he designed, 
to improve the architectural appearance of his 
native place.' It stands on that part of the Gov- 
ernor Hancock estate which was known as the 
" Governor's pasture," and the entire lot of land 
was purchased from his heirs for $4,000. The 
work of building the Capitol was begun in 1795, 
and it was completed and first occupied by the 
Legislature in January, 1798. The corner-stone 
was laid on the 4th of July, 1795, with much cere- 
mony. It was drawn up the steep hill by fifteen 
"milk-white horses," representing the number of 
States then in the Union, and the ceremonies were 



the B. 
New S 
long si 



ved on the board of selectmen of 



conducted by the Grand Lodge of Freemasons. 
Governor Samuel Adams, representing the State, in 
a very brief address expressed the hope that within 
the walls of the house " liberty and the rights of 
man would be forever advocated and supported." 
The approach by the lofty fligbt of broad stone 
steps, the generous lawns on either side studded 
with flower-beds, is exceptionally attractive. The 
noble Doric Hall, embellished by the marble statue 
of Governor Andrew, busts of Lincoln, Sumner, 
Wilson, and others, occupying niches, and Chantrey's 
marble statue of Washington, with the tattered bat- 
tle-flags of Massachusetts regiments grouped in the 
foreground, occupying the glass-enclosed recess, is 
the most interesting feature of the interior. In the 
pavement near the Washington statue are facsimiles 
of the tombstones of Washington's ancestors from 
the parish church at Brington, near Althorp, North- 
amptonshire, England, presented by Earl Spencer 
to Charles Sumner, and by him to the Common- 
wealth in 1 86 1. Nearby, also, are the tablets from 
the Beacon-Hill monument of 1790-91, "to com- 
memorate that train of events which led to the 
American Revolution and finally secured liberty and 
independence to the United States." This stood 
on the site of the old beacon (at about the south- 
east corner of Mt. Vernon and old Temple street), 
and was taken down in 1 8 1 1 when the hill at this 
point was lowered. The two bronze statues in the 
State House yard, of Daniel Webster, by Hiram 
Powers, on the right of the steps, and of Horace 
Mann, by Emma Stebbins, were placed, the former 
in 1859 and the latter in 1865. Both when first 
set up were sharply criticised by local critics, — the 
Webster as clumsy and awkward, and the Mann as 
crude and ungainly. Thomas Ball's Andrew, within 
Doric Hall, on the other hand, was generally com- 
mended, especially the clearly cut features of the 
face and the sculpture of the hands. Webster is 
represented as " in the act of expounding the Con- 
stitution," Mann as addressing an audience, and 
Andrew, as he so often appeared in the war days, 
standing on the State House steps to receive the 
marching salute of Massachusetts regiments going 
to or returning from the front. 

From time to time the State House has been en- 
larged, the most extensive additions having been 
made in 1853-56, when the "new part," extending 
back upon Mount Vernon street, was constructed ; 
and in 1868, when the interior, with the exception 
of this " new part," was almost entirely recon- 
structed. But with all these extensions and altera- 
tions the building years ago proved too small for 
the Commonwealth's business, and, as in the case of 



HOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



51 



the city government, many departments were forceil 
into neigliboring buildings. Finally, the building of 
the " State House Extension " was authorized, and 
the construction of that structure was begun in 
1889. It occupies the site of the massive granite 
reservoir (pronounced in its day the noblest piece 
of architecttire in the city), bounded by Mt. Vernon, 
Hancock, Derne, and Temple streets, the latter 



Union Club-house and the rooms of the long-es- 
tablished Woman's Club at No. 5, the Park-street 
Church, at the corner of Tremont, is reached ; 
across the way, through dainty Hamilton place, is the 
side and carriage entrance to Music Hall ; and a 
short walk down Tremont street, the pleasantest 
afternoon promenade in the retail quarter of the 
town, brings one to St. Paul's Church, between Win- 



.fe 




lET -3B Jf 




turn 



UA^^^\ 




rATE HOUSE. 



Street being discontinued and its area included 
in the State House lot. Built, the first story of 
white Vermont marble and those above of English 
yellow brick, the main columns and the cornice 
of white marble, the annex harmonizes with the 
original building, with which it is connected by a 
structure spanning Mount Vernon street. .Messrs. 
Brigham & Spofibrd are the architects. I'he 
corner-stone of the new structure was laid with 
some ceremony on the 21st of December, 1889, 
Oliver .Ames, as governor, representing the State. 
Down the hill again, through Park street, past the 



ter street and Temple ])lace, hard i)ressed by 
business blocks. 

The Park-street was the first Congregational 
Trinitarian church established after the Unitarian 
whirlwind had swept through the Orthodox ranks, 
and soon after the formation of the society, in 1809, 
the meeting-house was built. Its designer was 
Peter Banner, an English architect, and its tall and 
graceful spire was the most carefully studied feature 
of his work. The wooden capitals for the steeple 
were made by Solomon Willard, the local architect 
who carved the Ionic capitals of St. Paul's, and 



52 



HOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



whose most ambitious work was the design of the 
Bunker-Hill Monument. The Park-street choir of 
fifty and more singers, whose singing was accom- 
panied by flute, bassoon, and violoncello, was a 
great attraction in the old days. From it were 
drawn many of the original members of the famous 
Handel and Haydn Society founded in 1815. The 
peaceful old Granary Burying-ground, at the end of 
which Park-street Church stands, contains the 
graves of more distinguished people than any other 
in the city. Here are buried seven of the early 
governors of Massachusetts, — Bellingham, Dum- 
mer, Hancock, Adams, Bowdoin, Sumner, and Eus- 
tis ; also Peter Faneuil, Paul Revere, John Hull, 
Uriah Cotting, Judge Sewall, the parents of 
Benjamin Franklin, the victims of the Boston 
Massacre, Robert Treat Paine, John Phillips, the 
first mayor of Boston, and others of note in their 
day and generation. 

Of the Music Hall, the interior only interests. The 
e.xterior, indeed, is almost entirely concealed by the 
surrounding buildings ; but nothing of beauty is 
thus hidden, as the building is a plain brick struct- 
ure making no architectural display. The hall 
proper is 130 feet in length, 78 in width, and 65 in 
height, proportions carefully studied for acoustic 
effect. The walls, broken at intervals by project- 
ing pilasters, the well-designed galleries, and the 



subdued decorations, render the interior attractive 
to quiet tastes, and the pleasing eftect is enhanced 
by the excellent sculpture displayed — Crawford's 
bronze statue of Beethoven, the gift of Charles G. 
Perkins, which stands at the rear of the platform, 
and the cast of the Belvidere Apollo filling a niche 
at the opposite end, over the main balcony, flanked 
by appropriate brackets and busts, presented by 
Charlotte Cushman. The crowning glory of the 
interior, however, was taken away with the removal 
in 1885 of the Great Organ, one of the largest and 
finest organs in the world, built in Bavaria by the 
builders of the magnificent instrument in the great 
Cathedral of Ulm. It had stood here for more than 
twenty years, a beautiful object in its rich case of 
black walnut, with finely carved figures surmount- 
ing the pipes, its bust of Sebastian Bach, and 
curious figures which seemed to support the pon- 
derous mass upon their mighty shoulders. The 
organ was purchased by the Conservatory of Music 
and removed to its building at the South F^nd. 
The renowned Symphony Concerts, now the most 
important feature of the crowded musical season, 
were begun in Music Hall in 1881. 

St. Paul's Church (Protestant E))iscopal), luiilt of 
gray granite, with its Ionic hexastyle portico of 
Potomac sandstone, and a pediment which accord- 
ing to the original design was to be filled by a bas- 




THE PEMBERTON. 




BUILDING OF THE AMERICAN PROTECTIVE LEAGUE. 



54 



BOSTON OF TO- DAY. 



relief representing Paul preaching at Athens, is 
described by Phillips Brooks in the " Memorial 
History " as a " Grecian temple " which " seemed 
to the men who built it to be a triumph of archi- 
tectural beauty and of fitness for the Church's 
service." It was the design of Alexander Parris 
and Solomon Willard, and was consecrated in 1820. 
Conspicuotis in the tasteful interior are the memo- 
rial tablets in honor of three former rectors, Rev. 
Dr. Samuel F. Jarvis (the first rector of the church), 
John S. Stone, and Alexander Vinton, and of Dr. 
J. C. Warren, for thirty-si.K years vestryman and 
warden. Daniel Webster for many years owned a 
pew in St. Paul's, — that numbered 25 in the north 
aisle. 

What may be called the Tremont-street prome- 
nade ends with the Masonic Temple on the corner 
of Boylston street, the granite building with oc- 
tagonal towers rising to the height of 120 feet, 
which was dedicated on St. John's Day, June 24, 
1867, with elaborate ceremonies, a great street 
parade, President Johnson and other men of dis- 
tinction in line being the popular feature. Around 
the corner, on Boylston street, the building of that 
admirable institution, the Young Men's Christian 
Union, with its shajiely tower, is a quietly eflective 
structure. 

The theatres within the business quarter are 
described in Chapter X. The great daily news- 
paper buildings being nearly all on Washington 
street, between State and School streets, — those of 
the "Herald," "Post," "Globe," "Advertiser," 
"Record," and "Journal," and the others in the 
immediate neighborhood (the "Transcript" on 
Washington street at the corner of Milk, the 
"News" on School and the "Traveller" on State), 
— that portion of the old thoroughfare is naturally 
and properly called " Newspaper Row." Many of 
the leading hotels, too, are crowded in this con- 
tracted business section, — Young's, Parker's, the 
Tremont, the Quincy, the American, the Revere, 
the Tavern, the Adams, Clark's, and Reynolds', 
the United States, and on the outskirts of the 
quarter towards the Back Bay district the Thorn- 
dike. 

The only portrait statues set up in the " down- 
town " thoroughfares are those of Sam Adams in 
Adams square (already described), of Winthrop in 
Scollay square, and of Lincoln in Park square. The 
Winthrop, of light bronze, representing the first 
governor ju.st after landing from the ship's boat on 
the shore of the New World, holding in one hand 
the roll of the colony charter and in the other a 
volume of the Scriptures, is by Richard S. Green- 



ough. It is a duplicate of that placed by the State 
in the Capitol at Washington. It was uncovered 
to the public on the day of the celebration of the 
250th anniversary of the settlement of Boston, 
September 17, 1880. The cost, $7,391, was met 
from the Jonathan Phillips fund.' The Lincoln is 
popularly known as the Emancipation Group. 
Kneeling at the feet of the strong figure of Lincoln 
in an attitude of gratitude is that of the slave, the 
broken fetters falling from his limbs in obedience 
to the proclamation of emancipation. The slave's 
fiice is said to be a likeness of the last slave re- 
manded to the South under the fugitive slave law. 
This group was the work of Thomas Ball, and it 
was presented to the city by Moses Kimball in 
1879. It is a duplicate of the " Freedman's 
Memorial " statue in Lincoln square, Washington. 



VI. 



THE NEW WEST END. 

RISE AND PROGRESS OF THE BACK BAV IMPROVEMENT 
DISTINGUISHING FE.\TURES OF THE DISTRICT TO- 
DAY ITS BUILDINGS, CHURCHES, AND FWELL- 

INGS. 

BEACON HILL may be said to mark the 
boundary line between the old and the new 
Boston. To the east and north lies the compact 
old town, and to the west stretches the spacious 
new, — the famous Back Bay district, with its broad 
avenues and wide intersecting streets, lined with 
fine dwellings, stately buildings, churches, art and 
educational institutions, some of them striking 
examples of the best architectural work of the time 
and others most remarkable for eccentricity. Laid 
out on an intelligent and artistic plan from the 
beautiful Public Garden to the picturesque Back 
Bay Fens, the beginning of the superb chain of 
public parks which when completed will rival those 
of the fitirest cities of the Old World, — this is the 
ideal West End, the fashionable quarter of a great 
city. 

As everybody knows, the Back Bay district is en- 
tirely on made land. In the old days, between the 
marshes at the foot of the Common and the Brook- 
line hills there was a "beautiful sheet of water " at 
high tide, spreading to the " Neck " at the old 
South End. This was formed by the bend which 
the Charles River made to the west of the penin- 



he Old state Hn 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



55 



sul:i on which the town lay, before its waters, pass- 
ing the northerly side, reached its mouth at the 
east. Brookline and the high roads beyond were 
reached from Boston only by way of the Neck and 
Roxbury. This was the situation until the building 
of the famous Mill Dam and causeway in 1818-21, 
extending from Charles street at the foot of Beacon 
Hill to Brookline, and the cross dam from the main 
dam to Gravelly Point in Roxbury — the project of 
the Boston & Roxbury Mill Corporation for the 
double purpose of creating water-power by means 
of tide-mills and of establishing toll roadways for 
travel. Thus were enclosed, by solid structures of 
stone and earth, about six hundred acres of flats 
over which the tide admitted by the gates ebbed 
and flowed, and broad thoroughfares forty feet wide 
were opened between town and country. The com- 
pletion of the work was rightly regarded at the time 
as a stupendous enterprise, and an event duly to 
be celebrated in formal fashion.' 

The chartering of this corporation (June, 1814) 
was the entering wedge for the changes which ulti- 
mately transformed " the beautiful sheet of water " 
skirting the Common into the richly furnished West 
End of the Boston of To-day. But such a trans- 
formation was never dreamed of by the projectors 
of the Mill Dam enterprise or by the citizens who 
celebrated its successful establishment. The Back 
Bay Improvement, as it was called, was in large 
part the result of long years of agitation for the 
abatement of a nuisance which the Back Bay had 
become. After the completion of the dams, grist- 
mills and iron-works, machine-shops and manufac- 
tories, were built about the enclosure; in 1835-36 
the tracks of the Providence & Worcester railroad 
were laid across it ; a large part of the city sewage 
flowed into the basin ; and in time it came to be a 
most unsightly and unwholesome quarter, " a nui- 
sance," the Board of Health declared in 1849, 
•' offensive and injurious to the large and increasing 
population residing " upon its borders. Meanwhile 
the shores and flats became valuable, the water- 



1 The Mill Dam was formally opened for travel July 2, iSzr. 
In celebration of the event a cavalcade of one hundred citizens 
and people in carriages and chaises licaded by General William H. 
Sumner, of Jamaica Plain, as chief marshal, passed over the dam 
from the Brookline shore, at a signal fired by the Snutli End Artil- 
lery. They were received on the Boston side I v .1 > 1 .a.I 1 l^wns- 
people. Then they returned to Brookline and V. . . i;lia 

congratulatory speech by General Sumner. Tin : ! , li ihc 

Mill Corporation was chartered provided for .1 t m [ijmIi 1,, w.ii,-r. 
town. This was completed in 1S26. The Mill Dam was generally 
known as Western avenue. The causeway, from the Brookline 
marshes to the old Punch.bowl Tavern in Brookline (there connect- 
ing with the Worcester turnpike), was long known as the old 
" Punch-bowl road " and afterwards as Brookline avenue; and the 
cross dam to Gravelly Point is now Parker street. The Mill Dam 
and other roadways were made free public highways in December, 



1S68. 



power was seriously encroached upon by the con- 
cessions to riparian owners of the right to fill their 
flats, and by the building of the railroads, and sub- 
sequently the mill company, then the Boston Water 
Power Company," w-as converted into a land com- 
pany. Controversies early arose over the rights of 
individuals, the corporations and the cities of Boston 
and Roxbury, in the shore lands and the flats ; and 
when, in 1852, the Commonwealth stepped in, its 
object was twofold : to protect its own interests in 
the territory and to advance a scheme for improv- 
ing the basin, which was then in a deplorable con- 
dition. In the spring of that year a State 
commission was appointed to consider the whole 
subject and devise a plan of improvement. Mean- 
while the Legislature, then sitting, formally by 
resolve asserted the right and title of the Common- 
wealth to all flats " lying below the ordinary line of 
riparian ownership," basing its declaration on an 
ancient law known as the "colonial ordinance" 
dated 1641, and judicial decisions founded upon it, 
by which the State retains the fee of such flats as 
are below low-water mark, or one hundred rods 
below high-water mark. The commission made an 
exhaustive report, and advised legislation author- 
izing the corporations to change the uses of the 
territory from mill purposes to land purposes, and 
providing that the filling within the tide-water basin 
should be " with good and solid earth and clean 
gravel." Provision, it was further recommended, 
should be made for perfect drainage ; the filling 
should be done in such a manner that the scouring 
force of the water should not be diminished nor the 
harbor injured ; the flats north of the Mill Dam and 
all the other roadways should be made free of tolls ; 
the streets to be laid out in the new territory should 
be wide and ample, and the territory should be so 
disposed of as " to secure for it a healthy and 
thrifty population ; " and all this should be done 
by the authority and under the direction of the 
State. 

These recommendations were adopted and a 
permanent commission was appointed with full 
powers to advance the work and to determine and 
adjust the rights of all concerned. After protracted 
negotiations all claims were adjusted, the Tripartite 
Agreement between the State, the City, and the 
Water Power Company was executed (in December, 
1856), and early in 1857 the work of filling was 



'The Boston Water Power Company, organized by stockholders 
:he Roxbury Corporntion, was inc()rporated (in 1824) to use the 

fi'-^ I. Ill I JH..M 1 , in.i Ml i^ij ili( tin iiiess was divided, the new 

i'['"'' ''1 'I ' ■' ill li.imiii ', llie entire water.power and 

■■:<■ : , . II ,1 1mm,. Ill nt the Mill Dam, the old 

uimii} M l.iiiiiiij ilir I-. Mav\ ay^ .iiui till' 1. 1 lids north of the dam. 



56 



BOSTON OF lO-nAY. 



actively begun. That done for the Commonweahh 
was by contract, the contractors taking their pay in 
land. Its portion of the territory was that south of 
the Mill Dam and north of an east and west line 
starting near the present station of the Providence 
division of the Old Colony Railroad, and the Water 
Power Company's portion was that south of the line. 
The territory north of the Mill Dam was reclaimed 
by the Mill Corporation. The total amount of ter- 
ritory belonging to the State in 1856 was 4,723,- 
856 square feet; and of this 379,976 square feet 
have been given to the city and to various insti- 
tutions, and 2,027,083 devoted to streets, open 
squares, and passageways. From the land sold in 
the market, 2,316,798 square feet, the Common- 
wealth has realized, net, $4,275,644. The avails of 
these sales have been applied to educational pur- 
poses and to the endowment of several of the sink- 
ing-funds of the Commonwealth. 

Endowed with ample authority the commission- 
ers adopted the plan of avenues, streets, and public 
grounds over the entire territory, — including the 
lands set off to the \Vater Power Company and 
other riparian owners, — designed by the late Arthur 
Oilman. The streets are all parallel to, or at right 
angles with. Beacon street, continued over the Mill 
Dam that was. Of the three avenues between that 
thoroughfare and Boylston street, two, Marlborough 
and Newbury (so named in memory of the names 
which in the early days were attached to portions of 
the older parts of the present Washington street), 
are sixty feet wide, and the houses on each side are 
set back twenty-two feet : and the other, which lies 
between them, Commonwealth avenue, the glory 
and pride of the Back Bay district, is two hundred 
and forty feet wide between the houses on each 
side, with a delightful tree-lined parkway in the 
middle, broken here and there with statutes of 
famous men. Arlington street, next the Public Gar- 
den, running at right angles to the three avenues, 
begins the series of broad cross streets, at intervals 
of about six hundred feet, across the whole terri- 
tory. These are named alphabetically, and a tri- 
syllabic word alternates with a dissyllabic. In 1872 
St. James and Huntington avenues, the latter one 
hundred feet wide, to the south of Boylston street, 
were laid out ; in 1882 Copley square (for a while 
known as .Art square) was established; and later, 
West Chester park was extended from the South 
End across the Back Bay to Beacon street and the 
Charles river, where it connects with the new Cam- 
bridge bridge opened in 1891. The most recent 
development has been in the region west of the 
extension of Chester park and about the Fens, by 



the extension of Commonwealth avenue along the 
Back Bay park and out to Chestnut hill ; the open- 
ing of the new thoroughfares, Charlesgate East and 
Charlesgate West, from Beacon street, on either 
side of the waterway from the old gates in the Mill 
Dam, into the Fens ; and the beginning of the new 
avenue westward to the right from Beacon street, 
near Charlesgate East, early to become famous as 
the Bay State road. Thus several more superb 
roadways for driving have been o])ened through 
a quarter of the Back Bay which, when completed, 
will be most brilliant and pirtures(iue. 

Within this favored quarter are the Museum of 
F'ine Arts and the new Public Library building ; the 
buildings of the Institute of Technology, the Society 
of Natural History, the Har\'ard Medical School, 
Chauncy Hall, and the Sisters of Notre Dame 
Academy and Convent : the Prince (public) School, 
the Normal .Art School, and the College of Phar- 
macy ; the St. Botolph, Art, .Algonquin, and Athletic 
clubs ; Trinity, Arlington-street, Old South, Em- 
manuel, Central, First, Second, First Baptist (for- 
merly the Brattle-square), South Congregational 
(formerly the Hollis-street), and Mt. Vernon 
churches, and the Spiritual Temple ; the building of 
the Young Men's Christian Association : the Bruns- 
wick, Vendome, Victoria, Huntington, and Copley- 
square hotels ; the Berkeley, Kempton, Bristol, 
Cluny, Oxford, Ludlow, Exeter Chambers, Hamil- 
ton, Agassiz, Kensington, Grosvenor, Royal, Charles- 
gate, and other great apartment houses more or less 
effective in design and sumptuous in e(|uipment ; 
the permanent Exhibition Building of the Charita- 
ble Mechanic Association ; and blocks ujion blocks 
of fine and costly dwellings. 

Of this striking display of elaborate architecture 
the beginnings were modest. But they were ex- 
amples of the best work of our architects of that 
day, and at once gave character to the new quarter. 
The earliest buildings here were the dignified struct- 
ures of the Natural History Society and the Insti- 
tute of Technology (the main building), W. G. 
Preston, the architect of both ; and of the churches, 
the Arlington-street, designed by .Arthur Oilman ; the 
Emmanuel, by A. R. Estey ; the Central, by R. M. 
Upjohn ; and the First, by Ware & Van Brunt 
(now Van Brunt & Howe). These were built 
between the years 1862 and 1868. Within the 
next ten years were completed the Brattle-square 
Church, designed by the late H. H. Richardson ; the 
Second, by N. J. Bradlee ; the Old South, by Cum- 
mings and Sears ; noble Trinity, by the lamented 
Richardson, with Gambrill of New York ; the Hotel 
Brunswick, by Peabody & Stearns; the Hotel 



BOSTON OF JO-DAY. 



57 



\'eiidome, by J. F. Ober and Oeorge 1). Rand; and tory Society and the Hortirultiiral Society, rcpre- 

the main section of the Art Museum, by Sturgis & senting the industrial and fine arts, their purpose 

Brigham. Later noteworthy work is that of William being to institute a Conservatory of Art and 

R. Emerson, in the Art Club (1882), the first Back Science. Although this enterprise was not suc- 

Bay club-house designed especially for club uses, cessful, the Legislature declining to grant the pe- 







-311,1 




HOTEL VENDOME. 



but the second established in this quarter ( the St. 
Botolph, occupying the stately dwelling of the late 
Henry P. Kidder, No. 2 Newbury street, being the 
first) ; George T. Meacham, in the New Hollis- 
street Church (1884), now the South Congrega- 
tional ; Sturgis & Brigham, in the building of the 
Young Men's Christian Association (1883) ; Van 
Brimt & Howe, in the Harvard Medical School 
(1883) ; McKim, Mead, & White, of New York, in 
the magnificent .Algonquin Club-house (1886) ; 
the late John Sturgis, in the Athletic Club-house 
( 1888) ; W. G. Preston, in the Charitable Mechanic 
I'^xhibition building (1881); and McKim, Mead, 
& \\hite, in the new Public Library, now building. 
Before building on the " new lands " was begun, 
an association of gentlemen who called themselves 
the " Committee of Associated Institutions of 
Science and Art" was formed (1859), to secure 
from the State a grant of land here for buildings for 
various institutions, among them the Natural His- 



tition for land, it led directly to the establishment 
of the Institute of Technology, one of the earliest 
technical schools in the country, and to-day the 
foremost institution of its kind. In i860, the year 
following the rejection of their petition, the com- 
mittee gave their indorsement to the memorial 
from Professor William B. Rogers, for the establish- 
ment of " a school of applied sciences, or a com- 
prehensive polytechnic college, fitted to equip its 
students with the scientific and technical principles 
applicable to industrial pursuits." This also failed 
in the Legislature of i860, and then Professor 
Rogers outlined to the committee a plan for the 
formation of an Institute of Technology having 
" the triple organization of the Society of Arts, 
a Museum or Conservatory of Arts, and a School 
of Industrial Science and .Art," which they at once 
most heartily forwarded, in cooperation with a com- 
mittee of representative citizens. Professor Rogers 
was made chairman of the latter committee, and 



58 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



as a result of his energetic action an act of incor- 
poration was obtained early in 1861 and a grant of 
land secured for the buildings of the institution, 
and also for that of the Natural History Society, 
then established in Mason street. 

Of the ground granted, which is bounded by 
Boylston, Berkeley, Newbury, and Clarendon streets, 
the Natural History Society has the easterly one- 
third and the Institute the remaining two-thirds. 
The Natural History building was the first built. It 
was finished in 1864. Of generous proportions, a 
structure of freestone and brick, it is sedate and 
elegant in style and finish. The facade is embel- 
lished by Corinthian columns and capitals. Over 
the entrance is carved the society's seal, which 
bears the head of Cuvier ; on the keystones of 
the windows are carved heads of animals, and a 
sculptured eagle surmounts the pediment. The 
building faces Berkeley street, standing well back 
from the thoroughfare, within ample well-kept 
grounds. The lecture-room and the library, the 
latter containing a fine collection of 15,000 volumes, 
and rooms devoted to geological and mineralogical 
specimens, occupy the first floor; and on the 
second is the large exhibition hall, sixty feet high, 
with balconies, and other rooms in which is dis- 
played the extensive collection of birds, shells, 
insects, plants, skeletons, and various objects of 
interest to students of natural history, gathered by 
the society during its sixty years of honorable 
existence. The Museum is open to the public 
on Wednesdays and Saturdays. The society holds 
frequent meetings, and provides lecture courses in 
the season. In its laboratory instruction is given 
to classes of the Institute of Technolog)' and the 
Boston University, and there is also a class com- 
posed of teachers in the public schools. The cost 
of the building was Si 00,000. The society has 
been generously aided by gifts of money and be- 
quests. The greatest benefactor was the late Dr. 
W. J. Walker, of Newport, R.I., whose gifts during 
his lifetime and by his will reached the substantial 
sum of $200,000. 

The Institute of Technology was organized with 
Professor Rogers as president immediately after 
the act of incorporation was obtained, and the 
School of Industrial Science was at once es- 
tablished, so that it was well under way when the 
main building was completed in 1866. In mate- 
rial and design this is similar to that of its neighbor, 
the Natural History Society. It also is of pressed 
brick with freestone trimmings, and of dignified 
style. An impressive feature is its entrance, 
reached by a noble flight of broad stone steps. 



The development of the Institute was so rapid 
that the first building was early outgrown, and in 
1884 the second building, next beyond on Boylston 
street, designed by C. Fehmer, was erected. The 
exterior of this is severely plain, with no attempt 
at architectural effect ; the skill of the architect 
is seen in the design of the interior, which is 
admirably arranged for the special purposes of the 
building. It is mainly devoted to the depart- 
ments of chemistry, physics, electricity, and archi- 
tecture, and to instruction in language. In the 
basement is a photometric room ; also a laboratory 
for the architectural department, where experi- 
ments may be made with limes, mortars, and 
cements, and problems worked out in the actual 
materials of construction; and on the third floor 
is a laboratory of sanitary chemistry. The older 
building is now used by classes in mathematics, 
literature, history, political science, geology, miner- 
alogy, and biology. In the basement are thoroughly 
equipped mining and metallurgical laboratories. 
The offices of the Institute are still in the main 
building; and in the large audience-room, Hunt- 
ington Hall, where the graduation exercises are 
held, the Society of Arts has its regular meetings. 
The third large building of the Institute, on Trinity 
place, known as the " Engineering Building," was 
completed in 1889. It is devoted to the en- 
gineering laboratories, and to instruction in me- 
chanics and hydraulics and mechanical and civil 
engineering. On Garrison street are the series of 
workshops, with the quarters of the Lowell School 
of Design (erected in 1885) ; and on Exeter street, 
the Gymnasium and Drill Hall. 

The Lowell School of Practical Design was 
established in 1872, by the trustees of the Lowell 
Institute, for the purpose of " promoting industrial 
art in the United States." The corporation of the 
Institute of Technology assumed the conduct of 
it. The school occupies a drawing-room and a 
weaving-room. The latter affords students an 
opportunity of working their designs " into actual 
fabrics of commercial sizes and of every variety of 
material and of texture." It is supplied with two 
fancy chain-looms for dress goods, three fancy 
chain-looms for fancy woollen cassimeres, one 
gingham loom, and one Jacquard loom. And the 
school is regularly provided with samples of all the 
novelties in textile fabrics from Paris. 

The Institute as now constituted embraces the 
School of Industrial Science, devoted to the teach- 
ing of science as applied to the various engineering 
professions, as well as to architecture, chemistry, 
metallurgy, physics, biology, and geology; the 



6o 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Subsidiary School of Practical Design ; and the 
Society of Arts, whose meetings are held semi- 
monthly and whose Proceedings are annually pub- 
lished. Courses of a less technical nature than the 
regular ones (each covering four years), as a 
preparation for business callings, and a course 
preparatory to the professional study of medicine, 
are also given. The School of Industrial Science 
has become the jjrominent feature of the work. 
The development and growth of the institution 
since its foundation, a little more than a quarter 
of a century ago, have been extraordinary. The 
school opened in February, 1867, with 27 pupils; 
the number registering in 1891 was 937. At the 
beginning the professors, instructors, and pupils 
were comfortably quartered in a few rooms. To- 
day the Institute has four large buildings, and 
is yet crowded. The professors and other offi- 
cers of instruction at the start could have been 
counted on the fingers of one's hands ; now there 
are more than a hundred. Professor Rogers ' lived 
to enjoy the full fruition of his noble work, and he 
died literally in harness within his beloved in- 
stitution, and on the very day and hour of the 
graduation of one of the largest classes it had sent 
out, — a day in June, before a distinguished au- 
dience, just as he was beginning the delivery of 
his annual address. The Institute is fittingly called 
his monument. Succeeding him as president. Gen- 
eral Francis A. Walker has brought the institution by 
rapid strides to its present unrivalled position. 

A most effective group of buildings is that sur- 
rounding Copley square, with Trinity at the left as 
the square is entered from Boylston street ; then the 
Museum of Fine Arts ; the new Public Library, along 
the Dartmouth-street end ; the Old South Church 
beyond ; and the picturesque line at the left, on 
Boylston street, from the ivy-clad Chauncy Hall, 
near the Dartmouth-street corner, and the Second 
Church and chapel adjoining. The placing of 
Dallin's equestrian statue of Paul Revere in the 
middle of the square one day yet to be named, is 
expected to give the finishing touch to this en- 
closure. 

The Art Museum building now forms an irregu- 
lar square or quadrangle surrounding an interior 
court to be laid out as a garden. Ultimately it will 
cover twice the present area, by successive exten- 
sions towards the south. The oldest part is that 
which fiices the square ; this was completed and 
opened to the public in 1876. Three years later 

1 Professor Rogers retired from the office of President in 1S70, 
when he was succeeded by Professor John D. Runkle; but in 1S7S he 
was reappointed to the position. He died in June, 18S2. 



the eastern section was completed. The newest 
part, and the most important, doubling the capacity 
of the Museum, was finished early in 1890, and 
opened, after a complete rearrangement of the 
treasures of the institution, on the i8th of March. 
Built in the Italian-Gothic style, of red brick, dec- 
orated with elaborate red and buff terra-cotta de- 
signs, the exterior of the building is rich and unique. 
The mouldings, copings, and all the ornamental 
work were imported from F^ngland. The two large 
reliefs on the Copley-square facade represent, that 
at the extreme right of the entrance " The Genius 
of Art," and that at the left "Art and Industry" 
united. Among the figures in the " Genius of Art," 
representing the nations paying tribute to Art, 
America is personified by a female figure holding in 
her hand Powers' " Greek Slave." Art and In- 
dustry are personified by figures in relief. The 
heads in the roundels are of artists of distinction 
and of patrons of art, the representative Americans 
being Copley, Crawford, and Allston. The project- 
ing portico, enriched with polished marble columns, 
at the main entrance to the building, adds to the 
effectiveness of the facade. The newest part con- 
sists of the two parallel wings extending southward 
from the Copley-square front and connected by a 
corridor 24 feet wide and 210 feet long at their 
southern extremities. This part covers about 
12,000 square feet, and cost about ^220,000. The 
plans were prepared by the late John H. Sturgis, and 
developed by his successors, Sturgis & Cabot. Al- 
though but about twenty-one years old (organized in 
1870), the Museum now ranks among the most im- 
portant in the world. It contains the best Japanese 
art exhibit, and is the third in rank in casts of 
classic sculpture. 

The first floor of the Museum is entirely devoted 
to the department of antiquities and casts, under the 
direction of Edward Robinson, which occupies six- 
teen rooms and galleries. At the right of the 
Copley-square entrance are, first, the Assyrian and 
Egyptian rooms. A large portion of the exhibits in 
the latter are antiquities of great value, dating as far 
back as 4,000 years B.C. The nucleus for this 
department was the C. Granville Way collection, 
given to the Museum in 1872 ; later it was strongly 
enforced by the acquisition of sculpture collected by 
the late John Lowell, and more recently still further 
enriched by the colossal fragments given by the 
F^gyptian Isxiiloration JMind. The " Archaic Greek 
Room " adjiiniinL; is dcNuted exclusively to casts of 
Assyrian and l^gyptian antiquities ; next are the two 
" pre-Phidian " rooms, containing examples of early 
Greek art ; then another room, filled with antique 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



bii^ts and portrait statues ; and beyond this the large 
hall, nearly square, called the " Parthenon Room," 
in which are displayed reproductions of the 
bas-reliefs from the frieze and fragments of the 
sculptures of the pediments of the Parthenon. 
Passing into the south wing we coine to the mag- 
nificent gallery in which are displayed the many 
examples of the best Greek sculpture of the post- 
Phidian period ; and from this, in the east wing, 
opens the other large and lofty hall, containing 
the splendid collection of Greek architectural frag- 
ments. Then in order are the small rooms, con- 
taining numerous casts of Gothic and Moorish work, 
mostly architectural details ; the three rooms devoted 
to original Greek and Roman antiquities ; that con- 
taining casts of works of the Italian Renaissance; 
and the two rooms designed for the display of 
French, (Jerman, English, and other modern 
sculjjtures. 

On the second floor are the picture-galleries and 
the display of Japanese art. Starting at the left of 
the hall, instead of at the right as on the floor below, 
the five galleries of oil paintings extend in a suite to 
and along the eastern section of the quadrangle. 
The collection in the First Gallery is a rich array of 
paintings of the various schools. Turner's " Slave 
Ship," lent by Mr. Sturgis Lothrop, and Paul Vero- 
nese's " Marriage of St. Catherine," lent by Mr. 
(^uincy Shaw, occupying the midde on either side. 
The Second Gallery, formerly the " Allston Room," 
is now devoted to representative works of the early 
American painters. Those of Copley, Allston, and 
Stuart are most effectively grouped on three of the 
walls, and the rest of the space is filled by paint- 
ings by Trumbull, Page, Newton, Smibert, Peale, 
Healy, Alexander, and Ames. The collection in the 
Third Gallery, now known as the " Dutch Room," 
for some years especially noteworthy, has been per- 
manently strengthened by the addition of the ten 
pictures from the San Donato collection, which be- 
came the property of the Museum in 1889; the 
Fourth Gallery is the " French Room, " and the 
F"ifth is largely devoted to works of modern Ameri- 
can painters, with a sprinkling of French pictures 
crowded out of the French Room. Here are repre- 
sented William M. Hunt, his " Niagara " and the 
"(;irlatthe Fountain " conspicuous in the collec- 
tion ; George Fuller, Elihu Vedder, Abbott Thayer, 
William Lafarge, Foxcroft Cole, Thomas Robinson, 
John B. Johnson, George Inness, S. S. Tuckerman, 
F. P. Vinton, Charles Sprague Pearce, Frank Hill 
Smith, J. J. Enneking, Louis Ritter, I. M. Gaugen- 
gigl, Mrs. Sarah Whitman, and others. In the 
water-color gallery, adjoining, the interesting work 



shown is mostly by local artists. Connectitig with 
this room are the cabinets devoted to engravings. 

Passing from the Fifth Gallery into the long cor- 
ridor of the south section of the building, the 
Fenellosa collection of several hundred scroll paint- 
ings from Japan (the gift of Dr. Charles G. Weld) 
is seen hung on the walls ; and in cases near the 
windows is Professor E. S. Morse's famous and un- 
equalled collection of Japanese pottery, containing 
nearly 4,000 pieces, good examples of every province 
where pottery is or has been made, of every maker's 
"mark, "and of the early and late styles of each 
maker. This has now become the property of the 
Museum through purchase. Turning into the Dart- 
mouth-street section the great room is reached in 
which is displayed Dr. W. Sturgis Bigelow's magnifi- 
cent Oriental art collection, composed of Japanese 
lacquers, curios, bronzes, swords, and sword-guards, 
wood carvings of various sizes, silk dresses and silks, 
and other interesting objects. The curious collec- 
tion of coins and electrotype reproduction of coins 
is displayed in the room adjoining ; and in the next 
the metal-work, an imposing array of brass, copper, 
iron, gold, silver, and bronze objects. In the large 
West Room, where now only pottery and porcelain 
are displayed, are rare examples of the fictile art 
from early times to the present ; and most interesting 
is the collection of tapestries and embroideries in 
the " Gallery of Textiles," the work in the Lawrence 
Room, and in the Wood Carving Room. 

The quarters of the School of Drawing and Paint- 
ing are on the third floor in the Dartmouth-street 
wing, and in the basement are the library and read- 
ing-room adjoining for the use of students, and the 
offices of the curator, Charles G. Loring, and his 
assistants. The Museum is open to the public 
every day, on Sundays free. The corporation is 
administered by a board of trustees, upon which are 
represented the Boston Athenaeum, the Institute of 
Technology, and Harvard University ; also ix officiis 
the mayor of the city, the superintendent of the 
public schools, a trustee of the Lowell Institute, the 
chairman of the trustees of the Public Library, and 
the secretary of the State Board of Education. 

In the great Public Library building the city pos- 
sesses the monumental edifice which it was the 
desire and aim of those charged with the work of 
construction to produce. It is at once a thoroughly 
finished building, fashioned after the best models, 
and an architectural ornament upon the possession 
of which the people, whose property it is, may well 
felicitate themselves. A great structure, in the 
style of the Italian Renaissance, quadrangular in 
shape, facing three streets, and surrounding a court, 



62 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



covering with its broad platform, and exclusive of 
the court, an acre and a half of ground, — it is de- 
signed with such skill and taste that the effect of the 
whole is one of dignity and stateliness. The chief 
architectural merit of the work consists in its elegant 
proportions and the purity of its style. The mate- 
rial used in its walls is granite quarried in Milford, 
Mass., having a slight pink tinge which gives it a 
peculiar warmth lacking in most granites ; and the 
roof is of brown Spanish tiles. The masonry is 
laid with rustic joints, and the ornamentation of the 
exterior, as is always the case in this style of archi- 
tecture, is very reserved in the lower part of the 
building, becoming more elaborate as it approaches 
the roof. The string course, for instance, is much 
enriched by a single band of carving, while the 
cornice is an elaborately designed feature. The 
windows below the string course are square topped, 
of large size, affording ample light for the working- 
rooms of the library. Above the string course 
great arched windows run around the three sides 
of the building, giving the effect of a magnificent 
arcade supporting the heavy projecting cornice. 
The same scheme is carried out in brick lines 
around the court. The main entrance in the middle 
of the Copley-square front, topped with a round 
arch over which is the great medallion of the seal 
of the library, by Augustus St. Gaudens, is ap- 
proached by the broad easy steps from the sidewalk, 
and is eventually to be set off with magnificent 
sculptures. About the doorways is some beautiful 
carving, the work of John Evans, a Boston carver ; 
and the vestibule of solid blocks of pink Knoxville 
marble, paved with the same material inlaid with 
rich Levanto marble, harmonizes well with the stone 
at the entrance. From the vestibule an unob- 
structed view of the entrance hall and the grand 
staircase is had. The great feature of this hall is its 
high, vaulted ceiling of rich mosaic work of colored 
marble iiiost artistically blended. Into this the 
names of men identified with Boston who have been 
eminent in letters, art, science, law, and public 
work are wrought. The first group on the right 
embraces those of the great anti-slavery leaders 
and philanthropists, such as Sumner, Phillips, Gar- 
rison, and Mann. Next is a group famous in 
science, such as Gray, Agassiz, Bowditch, and 
Rumford. Then a cluster of names famous in art 
and architecture, — Copley, Stuart, AUston, and 
Bulfinch ; on the left, as the hall is entered, those of 
.the historians Motley, Prescott, and Bancroft ; then 
eminent names in law, — Story, Shaw, Webster, and 
Choate ; next to the grand staircase those of the 
preachers and moral leaders, — Eliot and Mather, 



Channing and Parker ; and on each side of the cen- 
tral arch those of authors, philosophers, mathemati- 
cians, and statesmen, such as Longfellow, Hawthorne, 
Adams, Peirce, Emerson, and Franklin. The floor 
of this great entrance-hall, like that of the vestibule, 
is in white and Breccia marbles, but further enriched 
by brass inlay. The first inlay is an inscription 
giving the dates of the foundation of the library 
and of the erection of the present building, encircled 
by a wreath ; and at either corner of the square in 
which it is placed are crossed torches, with the flame 
bright and vigorous, signifying the purpose for 
which the library was established and the building 
erected. The design in the middle of the floor is 
composed of the library seal, with the signs of the 
zodiac, each in its own square of marble ; and that 
at the foot of the grand stairway is a wreath of 
laurel enclosing the names of the generous bene- 
factors or promoters of the Library, — Bates, 
Vattemare, F>erett, Quincy, Bigelow, Winthrop, 
and Jewett. On either side, guarding the stairs, 
are the great marble hons by Louis St. Gaudens, 
memorial gifts of the Second and Twentieth Regi- 
ments, Massachusetts Volunteers ; and over the 
stairway springs a great arch of Echaillon and 
Siena marbles. The broad stairs, themselves of 
Echaillon marble, with the side walls of Siena, 
constitute a most impressive feature. The great 
Bates Hall, on the second floor, extending entirely 
across the Copley-square front, is a magnificent 
piece of architectural work, with its lofty barrel- 
vault ceiling, giving fine wall and ceiling surface for 
decoration. LTpon the decorative work of the in- 
terior of the delivery-room, illustrating the search 
after the Holy Grail, or the beginning of modern 
literature, the skill of Edwin A. Abbey has been 
employed ; John S. Sargent's contribution is a great 
mural painting, " The Dawn of Christianity," as re- 
vealed in the Old and New Testament, which will 
find a place at either end of the great staircase-hall 
on the special library floor. Some idea of the ex- 
tent of the new building can be gathered from these 
figures : the superficial area of the flooring is 4 
acres ; the stacks are built to hold 20 miles of 
shelving, and can be greatly increased as more room 
is needed. The old library building on Boylston 
street was built to accommodate 220,000 books, and 
afibrded 6,868 square feet of room for students and 
readers ; the new building is built to contain 2,000,- 
000 volumes, with 32,900 square feet for students 
and readers. The total cost of the new building is 
estimated at $2,218,365; the old building cost, 
when completed in 1858, six years after the library 
was formally established, $365,000. ."Xt that time 



64 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



the library contained about 70,000 volumes : in 
1 89 1 it numbered 557,810 volumes. The new- 
building is fire-proof. The old building has long 
been overcrowded, and the various special libraries, 
the Barton, Bowditch, Prince, Ticknor, Parker, and 
others, were not easily accessible ; in the new build- 
ing, separate rooms are provided for these collec- 
tions. 

The Harvard Medical School building, on Boyl- 
ston street, next beyond the new Public Library, and 
occupying the large lot between that and E.xeter 
street, is an imposing pile, with effective exterior 
and admirably arranged interior. Its brick walls 
are relieved by the red sandstone mouldings and 
lintels with the decorative panels of terra-cotta ; and 
the flat roof covering its four stories is finished 
by a sky-line of stone balustrades and low gables. 
The main front has three pavilions, of which the 
central is slightly recessed. The principal en- 
trance, by portico and steps, opens into a great 
waiting-hall, divided into two parts by an arcade 
of arches supported by polished granite columns. 
That part towards the rear is the staircase hall, from 
which iron stairs extendi to the top of the building. 
The principal rooms on the first floor are the 
faculty-room, the library, lecture-room, and a read- 
ing or study room, with the luxury of a smoking- 
room adjoining. In the second story is the great 
laboratory for general chemistry, and half stories 
connected with it subdivided for special laboratory 
service and study ; the physiological laboratory, with 
connecting rooms and private laboratories for the 
professor and his assistants ; and the general 
lecture-room, a great hall with sloping ranges of 
seats for the students, and an ample experimental 
table and hoods. In the rear is the large prepara- 
tion-room, reached by private stairs and passages, 
for the use of the professors. On the third story 
at the front is the valuable Museum of Comparative 
Anatomy, the original collection of which was given 
by Dr. John Collins Warren ; and in the south-east 
corner, the anatomical theatre, occupying the height 
of two full stories. Subordinate lecture and recita- 
tion rooms occupy the western third of this story. 
In the upper story are the laboratories of the patho- 
logical department, and for anatomical study, a 
smaller theatre for anatomical demonstration, and 
rooms for special investigations and experiments. 
Ample provision is made for ventilation and for the 
escape of chemical fumes from the hoods in the 
various laboratories. The fiat roof is conveniently 
designed for certain out-door experiments. The 
structure is practically fire-proof throughout. It 
cost a quarter of a million dollars, and this was 



met by a fund raised by friends of the school and of 
the University. It was completed in 1883. 

The standard of the Harvard Medical School 
was raised in 1875, and it is now the highest in the 
country. The school dates from 1783, and its 
establishment was the result of the delivery of a 
course of lectures before the Boston Medical Society 
by Dr. John Warren, a brother of Gen. Joseph 
Warren. It was established in Cambridge and was 
moved to Boston in 1810, "to secure those ad- 
vantages for clinical instruction, and for the study 
of practical anatomy, which are found only in large 
cities." From 1846 until its removal to the Back 
Bay it occupied the quaint binlding on North 
Grove street, near the Massachusetts General 
Hospital, now occupied by the Harvard Dental 
School." 

The Normal Art School building, Kxeter and 
Newl)ury streets, of brick with stone trimmings, in 
the Byzantine Romanesque style of architecture, is 
the work of H. W. Hartwell and W. C. Richardson, 
the architects of the " Spiritual Tenijile " across the 
way. The principal entrance, from Newbury 
street through the nr( hcd porch, leads directly 
into a large, well-li,nhtL(l Inliliw In the first story 
are the museum and the class-rooms, for instruction 
in architectural and mechanical drawing and model- 
ling in clay ; and in the basement, immediately 
below the modelling-room, the works here modelled 
are cast in plaster. In the second story are the 
rooms of the class in painting in oil and water 
colors and a lecture-room ; and in the third are 
those of the preparatory class, another lecture- 
room, and studios. The Exeter-street entrance 
opens on a corridor running through the building 
parallel with Newbury street, traversing in its way 
the lobby into which the main entrance leads. 
The school is a State institution, established in 
1873, primarily as a training school for teachers of 
industrial drawing in the public schools of the State, 
a law of 1870 making free instruction in such draw- 
ing obligatory in the public schools of towns and 
cities of over 10,000 inhabitants; but it also ad- 
mits other students in special branches. George 
H. Bartlett is now the principal, and the school is 
under the supervision of a Board of Visitors of the 
State Board of Education. Its establishment was 
the outcome of the work of the late Walter Smith, 
the eminent English art instructor, the first prac- 
tical director of drawing in the Boston public 
schools. 

The Prince School building (named for Fix- 
Mayor Prince), on the opposite corner, north, is the 



' See chaptei 



North and Old West , 



BOS'J'ON 



TO-DAY. 



65 



first adai)tation in New England of the (lerman and 
Austrian plan of school building, by which the rooms 
are ])laced on one side of a long corridor instead of 
grouped around a common hall in the middle. By 
this plan the width of the building is the width only 
of a school-room and the corridor, and better air, 
better light, and a more direct connection between 
corridors, staircases, and entrances are secured than 
by the more common one. Long and low, it is 
but two stories high, and with its dark brick walls 
decorated with ivy, it presents an attrac ti\i' I'xtrrior, 
which cannot be said of school builcliiiL;^ in i^mcral. 
Its design is a central and two end paviliuiiN, con- 
taining twelve school-rooms and a large exhibition 
hall. It was dedicated in November, 1881. An- 
other attractive school building ((.ompleted in 
1890) is its neighbor on the south side of Newbury 
street, that of the Horace Mann Si hool tor Deaf- 
Mutes. Built, the first story of block freestone 
and the second and gables of the third story of 
rhiladeljjhia face-brick, the conspicuous feature of 
the facade is the high arched entrance-way from the 
heavy stone landing. The interior is admirably 
arranged. This school is part of the public-school 
system, and the work it accomplishes is remarkable. 
The pupils are taught to communicate by articu- 
lation rather than by signs. Prof. A. Melville 
Bell's system of visible speech beitig employed as 
an aid in the teaching. Training is also given the 
pupils in the use of pencil, crayon, Sloyd carving, 
and other industrial arts, as well as penmanship. 
The school was founded in 1869, and the name of 
"Horace Mann" was given to it in 1877. The 
Sarah Fuller Home (named for the devoted princi- 
pal of the Horace Mann School) in West Medford 
gives care and instruction to deaf children too 
young to enter the regular school. 'I'his is sup- 
ported by private aid. 

The great exhibition building of the Charitable 
Mechanic Association, on Huntington avenue and 
\Vest Newton street, covers a space of upwards of 
96,000 square feet, and the front on the avenue is 
600 feet. It is admirably planned, and more at- 
tractive in design than such buildings generally are. 
( )n the avenue front the arches of graceful curves 
and the adjacent walls laid in red brick, with sills 
and caps of freestone and terra-cotta ornaments, 
are effective. The head of Franklin on one side of 
the main arch is intended to typify electricity, and 
that of Oakes Ames railroading. The arm and the 
hammer of the seal of the association appear in the 
s])andrels, with palm, oak, and olive branches sur- 
rounding them. In the octagonal tower at the east- 
erly end of the building, the two wide entrances are 



well designed ; and the t:arriage-porch, constructed of 
brick and stone, with open-timbered and tiled roof, 
is a good piece of ornamentation. The Adminis- 
tration building adjoins the tower, the great ex- 
hibition hall extends therefrom down the avenue, 
and the main hall, with entrance from the avenue, 
forms the west end. The latter is popularly called 
" Mechanics' Hall," and is frequently occupied for 
public meetings, and occasionally for opera and con- 
certs. It has sittings for 8,000 people. The Char- 
itable Mechanic Association, which owns the building, 
founded in 179S, is one of the honored institu- 
tions of Boston, and its great industrial fairs, given 
at irregular intervals, averaging every three years, 
are the most extensive and important held in the 
cotmtry. Other great exhibitions have been given 
in its building, the most notable in recent years 
being the successful " Food and Health Exposition " 
of the autumn of 1891, modelled after the great 
London " Healtheries." 

The first church built on the "new lands" 
was the .Arlington-street (Congregational-Unitarian; 
completed December, 1861), the successor of the 
old Federal-street Church, made famous by the 
preaching from its pulpit of William Ellery Chan- 
ning. Built of New Jersey freestone, with finely 
designed tower and lofty spire steeple placed sym- 
metrically in the middle of the front, it recalls old 
London churches of the style of the time of Sir 
Christopher Wren. The interior, divided into a 
nave and two aisles by a superb range of Corin- 
thian columns, is modelled upon the Church of Sta 
Annunziata at Oenoa, by Giacomo della Porta. 
The five arches above the columns on each side of 
the nave spring with their mouldings directly from 
the capitals of the columns, and without the inter- 
vention of a square bit of entablature over each 
column. By this expedient, adopted from the 
Cienoese church, the supporting effect of the column 
is here carried up in a series of i^anelled and 
ornamented piers to the full Corinthian entablature 
above, the arches between being formed by sunk 
and raised mouldings and having their spandrels 
and soffits decorated. 'I"he chime of bells, hung in 
the tower, was the gift of Jonathan Phillips, long 
a prominent member of the congregation. There 
are sixteen in all, eight fitted for round ringing as 
well as chiming, the others for chiming only. 
The largest, or tenor bell, weighs 3,150 pounds. 
Each bears an inscription from the Scriptures. 
For many years a thick mass of American ivy 
covered the Boylston-street side of the church, 
producing a charming effect, especially during the 
early autumn months, when it took on brilliant 



66 



150ST0N OF TO-DAY. 



colors ; but this was entirely removed not long ago, 
as it was found that it was a means of injury to the 
stone. The Arlington-street was the pulpit of Dr. 
Ezra S. Clannett, John F. W. Ware, and Brooke 
Herford. 

The second church building here, Emmanuel 
(Protestant Episcopal; completed in 1862), on 
Newbury street, is built of the local Roxbury pud- 
ding-stone. It is one of the smallest churches in 
the quarter, picturesque in design and most note- 
worthy for its rich and brilliant interior. The 
society was organized shortly before this church 
was built, to furnish a parish for the Rev. Frederick 

D. Huntington (now Bishop of Central New York), 
who had been pastor of the South Congregational 
Church (now Rev. E. E. Hale's) and Plunmier Pro- 
fessor at Harvard College, and had left the Uni- 
tarian fold for the Protestant Episcopal Church. A 
large medallion tablet of bronze, designed by St. 
Gaudens, in honor of the late Dr. Alexander H. 
Vinton, the second rector of Emmanuel's, is con- 
spicuously set within the church. It displays a 
portrait of heroic size, with a biographical inscrip- 
tion. Leighton Parks, the present rector, succeeded 
Dr. Vinton. 

The Central Church (Congregational-Trinitarian ; 
completed in 1867), on Berkeley and Newbury 
streets, the third Back Bay church building, is the 
successor of the Winter-street Church, which so 
long stood near the present main entrance to Music 
Hall. It also is of Roxbury stone, with sandstone 
trimmings. Of elaborate design, in the Gothic 
style, with turrets and steeple, its distinguishing 
feature is the finely proportioned spire pointing the 
tallest in the city. The interior, showing the open 
pitched roof, is bright and cheerful, although an 
excess of color is displayed in the decoration. The 
cost, including the land, was $325,000. The pastors 
of the church since its location here have been 
John De Witt and Joseph T. Duryea. Most famous 
of those who occupied the pulpit of the old church 
in Winter street were ^\■illiam M. Rogers and John 

E. Todd. 

Within the next year the fourth Back Bay church 
was finished, — the First Church (Congregational- 
Unitarian; completed December, 1868), on Berke- 
ley and Marlborough streets. As the successor of 
the first meeting-house in Boston, the rude structure 
of wood and earth which served the colonists for 
nearly eight years, it stands one of the best speci- 
mens of the finer church architecture of this latter 
day. Beauty is disclosed in every detail of its ex- 
terior, and in its rich interior good taste is dis- 
played. Its style is the English Gothic freely 



treated ; cruciform, with chapel in the rear. Here 
again Roxbury rubble is the material employed in 
the walls, with dressings of Nova Scotia and Con- 
necticut sandstones. Especially fine features of the 
exterior are the corner tower and spire, the car- 
riage-porch over which they are built, and the ves- 
tibule on Berkeley street. The columns of the 
main porch on Berkeley street and of the cloister- 
porch on Marlborough street have polished shafts 
of Aberdeen granite, and capitals carved in leaves 
and flowers of native plants. The interior of the 
church is broad and open. The nave roof, sixty-six 
feet from the floor to the apex, is open-timbered, and 
the Berkeley-street end of the nave is a gable with 
a pointed rose-window filled with tracery. At the 
west end of the church is the chancel, occupied by 
the pulpit, car\'ed communion-table, and font. The 
woodwork is black walnut throughout, with panels 
and friezes of butternut. The rich colored-glass 
windows, several of them memorial windows, gifts 
to the church, were executed in London from the 
architects' sketches, and the organ was built in 
Germany by the makers of the great organ con- 
structed for Music Hall.' This is the fifth building 
of the "First Church of Christ in Boston." The 
first, that of wood and earth, stood where Brazer's 
building now stands, on State street, corner of Devon- 
shire. The second was on Cornhill, now Washing- 
ton street, nearly opposite the head of State street, 
where the Rogers building now stands ; this was of 
wood, built in 1639 ; in 1 7 1 1 it was burned down. The 
third, on the same spot, was built in 1712, of brick ; 
and the fourth, on Chauncy street, was built in 1807. 
The list of the ministers of the church is remarkable, 
for all but one were college men. When the Back 
Bay house was built. Dr. Rufus Ellis had been the 
pastor for more than thirty years (he was installed 
in 1835, succeeding Dr. N. L. Frothingham, whose 
ser\'ice had also been long). Dr. Ellis died in 
Liverpool, England, on the 23d of September, 1885. 
On the 29th of December, the following year, 
Stopford Wentworth Brooke, son of the well-known 
English clergyman, Stopford Brooke, of London, 
was ordained as Dr. Ellis' successor. The cost of 
the present church building was §275,000. 

The Brattle-square Church, now the First Baptist, 
on Commonwealth avenue and Clarendon street, 
next completed (in 1873), is most remarkable for 
its massive Florentine square tower, rising majesti- 
cally nearly 180 feet, with the band of figure-sculp- 
ture surrounding it near the summit, between the 
belfry arches and the cornice. The four groups, 

1 See chapter on Some Noteworthy Buildings; paragraph on 




IB m 









LDING OF THE AMERICAN 



68 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



one on each side, are designed to re]iresent 
baptism, communion, marriage, and death, and the 
statues at each angle typify the angels of the judg- 
ment blowing golden trumpets. The figures were 
carved by Italian sculptors, from models by Bar- 
tholdi, after the rough stones had been set in place. 
This building also is ofRoxbury stone, in the form of 
the Greek cross ; and its exterior well expresses the 
idea which the architect had in its design, — mas- 
siveness and solidity. The interior is in the south- 
ern Romanesque style, with high walls surmounted 
by a basilica roof of stained ash. Before it was 
finished according to the architect's plans, work 
was suspended, as the society had become 
heavily in debt, and after a few services the church 
was closed. Subsequently the society dissolved, and 
the property was purchased by the First Baptist 
Society. Thus one historical churi h or^.uii/.ition 
was succeeded by another; the " linUilr s.|iMrc " 
descending from the famous " Manikstn ( hnirh," 
formed in 1699, and the "First Baptist," from the 
First Baptist Society, formed in 1665. It was the old 
Brattle-square Meeting-house, the " pride of the 
town," finished in 1773, but two years before the 
Siege, and occupied during that time by the British as 
barracks, which bore the "cannon-ball breastpin" 
fired into it from a battery in Cambridge on the 
night of the evacuation. It was long a cherished 
landmark ; and when in 1872 it was sold and re- 
moved to make way for a business structure, many 
good citizens were sorely grieved. Of the eminent 
pastors of the church were Joseph Buckminster, 
Edward Everett, John G. Palfrey, and Samuel K. 
Lothrop, the last of the line. After the First Baptist 
had acquired the present church, the galleries called 
for in the architect's plans were put in and its acous- 
tic properties improved; and in 1882 the new 
vestry and lecture-room were added, additional 
land being purchased by the society. The present 
pastor is Philip Moxom. 

The Old South (Congregational-Trinitarian), 
Dartmouth and Boylston streets, successor of the 
Old South Meeting-house, dates from the next 
year, 1874. It has the distinction of being one of 
the costliest of the Back Bay churches, and one of 
the most ornate. The buildings consist of church, 
chapel, and parsonage, the former occupying two- 
thirds of the rectangle on which they are placed. 
The church fronts about ninety feet on Dartmouth 
street and two hundred on Boylston. Here again the 
material used is Roxbury stone, with brown Connecti- 
cut and light Ohio freestone trimmings ; and the form 
is the Latin cross. The style of architecture is the 
North Italian Gothic. The most striking features 



of the exterior are the tower, rising 248 feet, with 
rich combinations of colored stones and graceful 
windows, terminating in a pyramidal spire ; the 
lantern in the roof at the intersection of the arms 
of the cross, twenty feet square, pierced with large 
arched windows, and covered by a pointed dome 
of copper partly gilded ; the richly decorated and 
deeply recessed main entrance through the front of 
the tower; and the arcade, sheltering inscribed 
tablets, running thence to the south transept. 
Added to these the belt of gray sandstone along the 
outside walls, delicately car\'ed to represent vines 
and fruits among which birds and squirrels are seen, 
and an effect is produced unusual and unique in 
our modern church architecture. The vestibule, 
paved in red, white, and green marbles, is separated 
from the nave by a high arched screen of Caen 
stone delicately carved, supported on columns of 
Lisbon marble and crowned by gables and finials. 
The interior is finished in cherry and brilliantly 
frescoed. Panels of Venetian mosaic fill the heads 
of the arches leading from the doorways. The roof 
is open-timbered, with tie-beam trusses, further 
strengthened by arched braces above and below the 
beam, coming forward to the walls in four broad 
low-pitched gables, the ridges from which meet in 
the roof and carry the open lantern referred to 
above. The elaborate stained-glass windows are 
decorated to represent biblical scenes ; that back 
of the pulpit, which is in a broad recess at the 
Dartmouth-street end of the church, represents the 
announcement to the shepherds of the birth of 
Christ. The closely clipped lawn in front of the 
chapel, and the rich growth of ivy on this portion of 
the structure, give an air of finish and age to the 
work. The entire cost of the building was half a 
million dollars. 

The same year, 1874, the Second Church (Con- 
gregational-Unitarian), on the Boylston-street side 
of Copley square, was completed. Built in part of 
the stones of the former church -building on Bed- 
ford street, which was taken down when business 
encroachments compelled a change, its modest 
freestone front is unpretentious ; yet, with its ivy- 
covered chapel adjoining, it is one of the most 
picturesque structures in the neighborhood. The 
broad and lofty interior, showing the open-timbered 
roof, is finished in rich, dark colors. Set up by the 
pulpit is the memorial tablet to Dr. Chandler Rob- 
bins (placed by his daughter), whose service as 
pastor covered a period of more than forty years ; 
and a companion tablet to the memory of other 
former pastors, Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry 
Ware, who were colleagues, is contemplated. The 



ISOS'lON OF 'lO-DAY. 



69 



memorial organ, built by Hutchins, one of the finest 
in the city, was given by S. A. Denio, in memory of 
his daughter. Among the treasured possessions of 
the church is the rich communion ser\'ice, contain- 
ing some very old pieces, and the baptismal basin, 
which has been in use since 1706. By the side of 
the pulpit stands the chair once used by Cotton 
Mather. The Second is the famous " church of the 
Mathers," Increase, Cotton, and Samuel, founded 
in 1649; and it was its second meeting-house in 
North square which the British soldiers pulled down 
and used for firewood during the Siege. During 
the pastorate of Edward A. Horton, which extended 
from 1880 to 1892, a debt of §45,000, which had 
been hanging for years, was lifted. Mr. Horton's 
resignation taking effect the ist of February, 1892, 
was greatly regretted by his people. 

Next rose Trinity (Protestant Episcopal; conse- 
crated Feb. 9, 1877), occupying the triangular- 
shaped lot bounded by Copley square, Clarendon 
street, and St. James avenue, the masterpiece of 
Richardson. In its design, a free rendering of the 
F'rench Romanesque, as seen in the pyramidal 
towered churches of ancient Auvergne, its great 
central tower dominating the whole composition, it 
is the most imposing piece of church architecture 
we have in the country to-day. Cummings, in the 
" Memorial History," commends it as " a striking 
example of the round-arched architecture of the 
south of France," and Mrs. Van Rensselaer, in her 
" Recent Architecture in America," with more 
warmth and enthusiasm, pronounces it " the most 
beautiful structure that yet stands on our side of the 
ocean." Of the style which inspired the design, — 
that of the school that " flourished in the eleventh 
century in Central France, the ancient Aquitane," 
and developed " a system of architecture of its own, 
differing from the classical manner in that while it 
studied elegance it was also constructional, and 
from the succeeding Gothic in that although con- 
structional it could sacrifice something of mechani- 
cal dexterity for the sake of grandeur or repose," 
as Richardson, in his own description, characterizes 
it, — the examples shown in the " peaceful, en- 
lightened, ;ind isolated cities of Auvergne " were 
selected as best adapted for a building fronting on 
three streets. " The central tower, a reminiscence, 
l)erhn|is, of the domes of Venice and Constanti- 
nojile," was in Auvergne, Richardson says, fully de- 
veloped, so that in many cases it " became, as it 
were, the church, and the composition took the 
outline of a pyramid, the apse, transepts, nave, and 
chapels forming only the base to the obelisk of the 
tower." \\ith the ordinary proportion of church 



and central tower, he i:()ntends, " either the tower 
must be comparatively small, which would bring its 
supporting piers inconveniently into the midst of 
the congregation, or the tower being large the rest 
of the church must be magnified to inordinate pro- 
portion. F"or this dilemma the Auvergnat solution 
seemed perfectly adapted. Instead of a tower 
being an inconvenient and unnecessary addition to 
the church, it was itself made the main feature. The 
struggle for precedence, which often takes place 
between a church and its spire, was disposed of by 
at once and completely subordinating nave, tran- 
septs, and apse and grouping them about the tower 
as the central mass." In plan, the church is a 
Latin cross, the arms of the cross short in propor- 
tion to their width, with a semicircular apse added 
to the eastern arm, itself forming the chancel. The 
tower, supported by four great piers placed close to 
the angles of the structure, thus causing no obstruc- 
tion to the sight, stands on the square at the inter- 
section of nave and transepts, and is closed in the 
church, at a height of one hundred and three feet, 
by a flat ceiling. The aisles are mere passage- 
ways ; " they would be very narrow for a Gothic 
church," the architect observes, " but are in charac- 
ter for the Romanesque." The clear-story is car- 
ried by an arcade of two arches only. The gallery 
carried above the aisles across the arches, is dis- 
tinguished from its position by the name of the 
"triforium gallery," and it serves as a passage to 
connect the main galleries one across either transept, 
and the third across the west end of the nave 
over the vestibule. The robing-room opens from 
the north-east vestibule as well as from the chancel. 
The main western vestibule is fifty-two feet long, 
the width of the nave ; or, counting the lower 
story of the western towers which virtually form 
a part of it, upwards of eighty-six feet. The 
main portal, and the secondary doors opening 
into each of the towers, give three entrances 
into the west front ; the north-east vestibule ser\es 
as entrance both from the street and from the 
cloister communicating with the chapel adjoining, 
itself with its open outside stainvay a picturesque 
])iece of architecture ; and the south-eastern vesti- 
bule is entered from St. James avenue. The in- 
terior of the church is finished in black walnut and 
lighted by brilliant pictured windows; and all the 
vestibules are in ash and oak. But the rich effect 
of color produced by the decorative work of John 
la Farge is the great feature of the interior. The 
frescos are in encaustic painting. The colossal 
figures painted in the great tower, of David and 
Moses, Peter and Paul, and Isaiah and Jeremiah, 



70 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



with the scriptural scenes high above, and the 
fresco in the nave, of Christ and the woman of 
Samaria, are especially fine. Of the exterior of the 
church the details are artistic in design, and the 
color also is effective, the yellowish Dedham and 
Westerly granite, of which the walls are mainly con- 
structed, harmonizing well with the rich brown of 
the Longmeadow freestone employed in the trim- 
mings and the cut-stone work. The stones from 
St. Botolph Church, in old Boston, Lincolnshire, 
presented by its authorities to Trinity, which are 
placed in the cloister between the church and 
chapel, are interesting memorials. Those hav- 
ing a fondness for statistics will be interested to 
know that 4,500 piles support Trinity, that the 
great tower weighs nearly 19,000,000 pounds, and 
that the finial on the tower is 211 feet from the 
ground. In the construction of the foundations of 
the church, stone saved from the ruins of the old 
church on Summer street, which went down in the 
great fire of 1872, were utilized. The cost of the 
new Trinity and buildings was about $800,000. 

The new Hollis-street, now the South Congre- 
gational Church (Congregational-Unitarian), New- 
bury anci Exeter streets, was completed in the 
autumn of 1884, the ninth in the Back Bay district. 
Unlike its predece.ssors in this quarter it is built 
mainly of brick, with freestone and terra-cotta 
trimmings. It is in the Byzantine style of archi- 
tecture and the form of a square, but somewhat 
irregular in outline of plan. The peculiar style of 
the tower, the lower half circular and the ujjper 
twelve-sided, and the large gables, with circular 
turrets on each fagade, the stained-glass windows 
within each gable, terra-cotta tiles above and below, 
and terra-cotta castings finishing the ridges of the 
roof, — all combined give to the structure an odd 
effect. The freestone columns, with carved capitals, 
on each side of the main entrance door on New- 
bury street, are handsome ; and the gabled porch, 
surmounted by an octagonal tower finished with 
a curved roof, is an effective feature. The interior 
of the church is amphitheatre in form, the pews 
radiating from a common centre. The pulpit is 
set well forward, and just above it is the organ and 
choir gallery. The prevailing colors of the interior 
decorations are light. Of the memorial windows, 
one is to the memory of John Pierpont, and the 
other of the gifted Starr-King, both famous pastors 
of the old Hollis-street. The vestry, or lecture- 
room, with class-rooms adjoining, and the literary 
and ladies' parlors, with kitchen nearby, are in 
the basement. The church is the successor of 
the old meeting-house which long stood on HolHs 



street, and is now transformed into the Hollis-street 
Theatre.' The first meeting-house of the society 
was built in 1751-52, and the first minister was the 
" Tory, wit, and scholar," Mather Byles. The 
South Congregational Society (founded in 1827), 
Rev. Edward Everett Hale's, purchased the church 
in 1887, and moved into it in October that year, 
when the two societies were practically united. 

The Spiritual Temple (completed in 1885), op- 
posite the new Hollis-street, the main entrance on 
Exeter street, is still more peculiar in design. The 
style is the Romanesque. Of rough granite and free- 
stone, the front elaborately ornamented and enriched 
with carvings, it excites the curiosity of the stranger, 
who finds it difficult to determine the nature of the 
building until his eye catches the name cut in the 
stone over the majestic arch at the entrance. Be- 
neath the inscription and occupying the spandrels 
of the arch are two circular panels, carved with 
symbols of the society established here, and a belt 
of elaborate carving extends entirely around the 
building at the top of the chief story. The arrange- 
ment of the interior is simple and convenient. The 
well-lighted and brightly decorated audience-room 
occupies the chief story ; on the floor above it are 
smaller halls ; and on that below is another lecture- 
room, library, and a reading-room. The Temple 
is the meeting-house of the " Working Union of 
Progressive Spiritualists," and was built by a 
wealthy merchant, Marcellus J. Ayer, at a cost 
of $250,000. 

The Mount Vernon (Congregational-Trinitarian), 
Beacon street and West Chester park, is the newest 
church in the district. This also is Romanesque in 
style, of Roxbury stone, with buff Amherst stone 
trimmings, and carvings about the arched entrances, 
the finials, and the top of the square side tower, 
terminating in the steeple. The main front on 
Beacon street has the triple entrance, with gables 
and a rich rose-window, the West Chester park side 
shows a double front, with a triple two-story front 
and rose-window above, and the river side is two 
stories with three arched stone dormers. The in- 
terior is on the cruciform plan. The roof is open- 
timbered, with ash trusses, and the finish generally 
is in ash. The vestry and class-rooms are in the 
north transept on the first floor, and over the vestry 
is a dining-room with kitchen and pantries adjoin- 
ing. The minister's room and the ladies' parlor 
are in the second story, on the West Chester park 
side. The architects of this church were Walker 
& Kimball. It succeeds the sombre granite-front 
church which has so long stood on Ashburton 

1 See chapter on the Theatres. 



BOSTON 0|- TO-DAY, 




WOODBURY BUILDING. 



place. Since its organization in 1842 the Mt. 
Vernon Society has had but two pastors, — FAluard 
X. Kirk, whose service extended from 1842 to 1874, 
closing only with his death, and Samuel E. Herrick, 
who began first in 187 1 as associate pastor. 

\\'ith the churches should be classed the building 
of the Young Men's Christian Association, Boylston 
and Berkeley streets, opposite the Natural History 
building. It is quiet and tasteful in design and 
warm in color, through the blending of brick and 
brown-stone. 'The style of architecture is defined 
as Scotch baronial. The feature of the Boylston- 
street fagade is the entrance porch, from a dignified 
flight of broad stone steps, over which is the motto 
" Teneo et teneor ; " and the corner of the building 
is relieved by a round-roofed bay-window thrown 
out at the second story. 'The vestibule opens into 



a large reception-room, and within easy reach are 
inviting parlors, the library, reading, and game rooms, 
a small lecture-hall, and the business offices. On 
the floor above is the large, well-proportioned pub- 
lic hall, with anterooms ; in the next story various 
class-rooms and meeting-rooms of the directors and 
various committees ; and in the basement the gym- 
nasium, one of the largest and best-appointed in 
town. The Boston organization (established in 
December, 185 1) is the oldest of the Young Men's 
Christian Associations in the country, and with the 
exception of that of Montreal, which was formed 
but one week earlier, the oldest in North America. 
'The clubs established on the Back Bay, with the 
exception of the St. Botolph, possess houses es- 
l)ecially designed and built for their use.' The 



' See chapter 



1 Clubs. 



72 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Art Club-house, the oldest of the number (comjileted 
in the spring of 1882), on the corner of Dartmouth 
and Newbury streets, modestly finishes the line of 
striking architectural work on Dartmouth street, be- 
ginning with the brown-stone Pierce building and 
the new Public Library on Copley square. Built of 
dark brick, with brown-stone trimmings and terra- 
rcotta decorations, in the familiar Romanesque style, 
its hexagonal tower on the principal corner, with the 
stone balcony projecting from it on the Newbury- 
street side, is the most notable feature. The mem- 
bers' entrance is from the stone porch on the New- 
bury-street front ; and through the arch of terra- 
cotta work on the Dartmouth-street side is the pub- 
lic entrance leading to the art gallery of the club. 
An effective piece of work is the semicircular 
stained-glass window over the club entrance porch. 
The interior of the house is admirably arranged and 
extensively decorated. The art gallery, broad and 
ample and well lighted by a large skylight, is tinted 
in Pompeian red ; and the three large parlors in the 
club proper are with different decorations, the colors 
so arranged as to blend and form a gradual change 
from dark to light shades. Other pleasant apart- 
ments are the library, the lecture, lounging, billiard, 
and supper rooms. The valuation of the Art Club's 
real estate was in 1891 §123,000. 

The Algonquin Club-house, on the north side of 
Commonwealth avenue, midway between Exeter and 
P\airfield streets, is the most sumptuous in town. 
The front of brick, with light-colored limestone 
trimmings, is highly ornamented and tasteful in de- 
tail. The style is based on that prevalent in the 
seventeenth century in France in the reign of Louis 
XIIL, " a brick and stone architecture, " the archi- 
tects say in their description, " thoroughly modern 
in character." In its design their aim was to give 
it " the expression appropriate to a club-house, that 
is to say, neither palatial nor domestic, though par- 
taking of both." The elaborately finished central 
entrance gives dignity to the building. Within, the 
house is commodious and elegantly appointed. 
From the great hall on the ground floor to the 
kitchens and apartments on the upper floors, every- 
thing is on a generous scale. The reading-room on 
the first floor above the entrance, the assembly-room 
and library on the next floor, and the general din- 
ing and breakfast and supper rooms on the third, 
extend across the entire front, and are furnished with 
an eye to every comfort. There are an abundance 
of private dining and supper rooms for large or 
small parties ; billiard and card rooms ; and a ladies' 
caf(5, dining and reception rooms, similar to those 
in the Somerset Club. Upon the walls of the larger 



rooms, notably in the library and assembly rooms 
are a number of paintings, some of them good ex- 
amples of the work of leading modern artists. The 
assessors' valuation of the Algonquin's real estate in 
1891 was $232,000. 

The Athletic Club-house, on Exeter street, built of 
brick with stone trimmings, shows a plain exterior, 
the greatest attention in the architect's plans having 
been given to the interior arrangement. It is one 
of the largest and best-equipped club-houses of its 
kind in the country. Its ample gymnasium is pro- 
vided with the best apparatus attainable, and it has 
tennis, racquet, and hand-ball courts, fencing and 
boxing rooms, bowling alleys and billiard-rooms, 
Turkish bath and swimming-tank, together with the 
regular features of the modern club, including a large 
restaurant. It is the only athletic club in the 
country having, with the gymnasium and other feat- 
ures, tennis and racquet courts under the same roof. 
The building was completed in December, 1888, 
and the plans of the late John Sturgis were closely 
followed by his successors, Sturgis & Cabot. 

In the domestic architecture of the city remark- 
able progress has been made during the last few 
years. There was some chance for improvement in 
taste from the time of the early modern movement 
which dictated the destruction of the old Hancock 
mansion on Beacon hill, and substituted the French 
mansard roofed houses, that were the vogue for a 
quarter of a century or more. Many of the archi- 
tects had studied in Paris, and much of their work 
recalled the atelier problems. The better examples 
of the period are the residences on Arlington street, 
notably those of Montgomery Sears, and in the 
block in which Mr. Henry W. Williams lives. The 
great fire of 1 8 7 2 filled the offices of the architects with 
problems of business buildings, and withdrew them 
for the time from the study of the dwelling-house. 
Then, through the Philadelphia Exhibition, a strong 
impetus to interior decoration w^as given by the 
many exhibits of textile fabrics, both of Europe and 
the East, of William Morris' work in carpets and 
wall papers, as well as tiles, furniture, and other 
results of the English movement. The influence, 
however, of foreign elements of study in England, 
France, and Germany, both by the travelled student 
and those who had settled here, tended towards 
rather an eclectic bloom, and a struggle for the 
novel in design, which resulted in something of 
eccentricity rather than beauty. Exteriors were 
marred by lines of black brick and surfaces patched 
in many-colored stones. Subsequently some of the 
artists had become interested in the doing of inte- 
riors, and the restraint and refinement of color and 










«l-\^ ;- 




>-^* '-- 






HOS'ION OF TO-rJAY. 



n 



detail within became reflected without. Then the 
late H. H. Richardson's work, with its round arched 
Gothic, left its strong impress on the work of 
others. From his hand came Bishop Phillips 
Brooks' house on Clarendon street, and Henry L. 
Higginson's house on Commonwealth avenue. In 
somewhat similar style were the houses of Charles 
Whittier, and many more on Beacon street and 
Commonwealth avenue, with a pleasing tendency to 
French work, as seen in the two houses designed 
together for Drs. Wesselhoeft and Bell on Common- 
wealth avenue. The latest movement has been in 
a return to the classic in motive, and much dignity 
has resulted, as in the examples owned by Mrs. 
Francis Skinner, Charles Head, and others, on 
Beacon street. While in similar lines, but with 
much more feeling for the stately houses which were 
buUt for the merchants of the early part of the 
century, here as well as in Salem and Portsmouth, 
may be named the houses of Arthur Beebe, John 
Forrester Andrew, on Commonwealth avenue, and 
several others not yet quite completed. Within 
doors the same taste which has shown itself in the 
exterior designs is repeated in almost all the 
houses which have been mentioned. Frederick L. 
Ames bought, added to, and altered a house which 
was of the earlier type, and the interior is one 
noted for its beauty and splendor. It was one of 
the last works of the architect John H. Sturgi.s. 
There is very little in planning which differs from 
that of dwellings in other American cities, except an 
absence of picture-galleries. The Bostonian scatters 
his possessions of art throughout the house, regard- 
less of danger from fire ; and even the almost price- 
less collection of Millet's work is in a country 
house which might be swept away in a couple of 
hours. 

But four statues have thus far been placed in the 
Back Bay quarter outside the Public Garden : the 
portrait statues of Alexander Hamilton, Gen. John 
Glover, and William Lloyd Garrison, and the ideal 
"Leif, the Norseman," — the first three in the Com- 
monwealth-avenue parkway, and the fourth at the 
beginning of the extension of the avenue west of 
West Chester park. The Hamilton, which was the 
first erected (in 1865), the work of Dr. William 
Rimmer, was received by the local critics with a 
chorus of disapproval. It was the first statue in the 
country cut from granite, and it was a popular 
opinion that this stone was too harsh for such use. 
But Dr. Rimmer had done fine work in the same 
material, notably a colossal head of St. Stephen, 
which had won hearty praise from seasoned critics ; 
and the head of the Hamilton also was generally 



commended. The trouble was less with the stone 
used than with the moulding and draping, or 
swathing rather, of the figure. The Glover, in 
bronze, done h)y Martin Milmore, which was set up 
ten years after the Hamilton, is much more pictur- 
esque in detail, and less stiff in pose. The heavy 
military cloak falls in graceful folds over the Con- 
tinental uniform, and the hardy figure of the old 
Marblehead soldier, with sword in hand and one 
foot resting on a cannon, is drawn in broad and 
vigorous lines. The Garrison, also in bronze, and 
of heroic size, is the strongest figure of the three. 
The head erect and turned slighdy towards the 
right, the high forehead and the strong features of 
the uncompromising agitator, are admirably por- 
trayed ; and the attitude of the figure, sitting in a 
large arm-chair, the long frock-coat open and the 
folds falling on either side, the left leg advanced 
and the right bent at a sharp angle, is easy and 
natural. The right hand holds a manuscript, and 
under the chair lies a volume of the " Liberator.' ' The 
Garrison is the work of Olin L. Warner, of New 
York, and was placed in 1886. The bronze I^if, 
by Miss Anne Whitney, is the most interesting of 
all our out-door sculpture. The youth of sturdy, 
supple frame stands in an eager attitude at the 
prow of his vessel, his gaze fixed as if to discern the 
first sight of a new and strange land. The figure is 
clad in a shirt of mail with bossed breastplates and 
a studded belt from which a knife hangs in orna- 
mental sheath, close-fitting breeches and sandals. 
From beneath the ca-sr^ue covering the head the 
long, wavy hair of the Saxon type flows over the 
shoulders. The eyes are shaded with the uplifted 
left hand, the right gra.sping at the hip a speaking- 
horn, itself a beautifiil bit of work, ornamented in 
relief. The weight of the body is thrown upon the 
left foot, and the head is turned slightly to the left. 



VII. 

THE SOUTH END. 

ITB DEVELOPJIEXT FROM THE XAKROW NECK IN- 

TERESTDSG IXSTITUTIOXS AXD CHfRCHE-S THK 

GREAT CATHEDRAL. 

ALTHOUGH shorn of its glory by the lavish 
development of the Back Bay territory, and no 
longer the fashionable quarter of the town, the 
South End is yet an attractive section, with its broad 
and pleasant streets, inviting small [jarks, important 



74 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



public buildings, institutions, and churches, and 
many substantial dwellings of sober exterior with an 
air of roominess within. Here are seen more fre- 
quently than in the newer parts examples of the 
once popular "old Boston" style of domestic archi- 
tecture, — the round, swell front of generous width. 
But the peculiarity of this quarter, and that which 
so sharply marks the difference between it and the 
newer fashionable quarter, is the uniform style of 
the blocks of houses lining street after street : uni- 
formity was the prevailing note in the old, variety is 
that in the new. 

The making of new land and the building of the 
modern South End was begun in a small way many 
years ago. Originally the narrow " Neck," from 
Dover street to the Roxbury line, the earliest move- 
ment towards improvement here was made in 1801, 
when the selectmen reported to the March town- 
meeting a plan for " laying out the Neck lands," in 
which lots were marked off and streets were drawn 
regularly and at right angles. " To introduce variety 
a large circular space " was also marked, to be orna- 
mented with trees and called " Columbia square." 
" In reality," says Shurtleff, " it was an oval grass- 
plot, bounded by four streets, with Washington 
street running through its centre ; indeed, the 
identical territory now included in Blackstone and 
Franklin squares." But the improvement moved 
slowly, and it was not until fifty years later, long 
after Boston had become a city, that it was systemati- 
cally advanced. This was in 1849-50-5 i, during the 
administration of Mayor Bigelow, when a high grade 
for the lands was adopted, and in accordance with 
plans drawn by E. S. Chesbrough and William P. 
Parrott, experienced engineers, new streets and 
squares were laid out. Among the latter were 
Chester square and East Chester and West Chester 
parks (estabhshed in 1850), and Union park (in 
185 1 ). And at the beginning of this movement, in 
February, 1849, the old Columbia square was divided 
and transformed into the present Franklin and 
Blackstone squares. Two years before, the filling of 
the marsh lands on the east side of the Neck, known 
as South Bay, was begun, and subsequently that terri- 
tory was graded and laid out in streets and lots. 

While within this quarter there is nothing ap- 
proaching the architectual display of the New West 
End, there are not a few noteworthy structures which 
arrest the eye. Here are the buildings of the City 
Hospital, of the Massachusetts Homceopathic Hos- 
pital, and of Boston College ; the great Latin and 
English High Schools, and near by the Latin School 
for Girls, and the Girls' High School. And of 
churches here are the Cathedral of the Holy Cross, 



the Church of the Immaculate Conception, the 
Tremont Methodist, the Shawmut Congregational, 
the First Presbyterian, the Peoples', the Columbus- 
avenue Universalist, the LTnion (Columbus avenue), 
the Church of the Disciples (founded by James 
Freeman Clarke), the Warren-avenue Baptist, the 
Berkeley Temple, the Church of the Unity (where 
the Rev. M. J. Savage preaches), the New South 
(Unitarian), the Clarendon-street, the Shawmut- 
avenue Universalist, the Ohabei Sholom (Hebrew, 
formerly the old South Congregational Church, Dr. 
Edward E. Hale's'), and the Reformed Episco- 
pal. Of hotels here are the Grand on Columbus 
avenue, and the marble front Langham (formerly 
the Commonwealth) on Washington street; of 
memorial buildings with public halls, the Parker 
(in honor of Theodore Parker, transferred to the 
Benevolent Fraternity of Churches in 1891), on 
Berkeley street, and the Paine (in commemoration 
of Thomas Paine), on Appleton street; and of 
theatres, the Grand Opera House. The headquar- 
ters of the Odd Fellows are also here, in their own 
building, at the junction of Berkeley and Tremont 
streets ; the New England Conservatory of Music, 
pleasantly facing Franklin square ; and a large 
number of modern apartment-houses. 

One of the most interesting groups is that of the 
City Hospital, the Church of the Immaculate Concep- 
tion, and the Boston College, on Harrison avenue, 
between East Springfield and Concord streets, the 
former occupying the east side of the avenue, and the 
latter the west side. The hospital, consisting of 
nine pavilions connected with the central structure, 
known as the Administration building, and numerous 
other buildings, including a home for the training- 
school nurses, is designed in accordance with the 
most approved models. The buildings are sub- 
stantial, dignified, and sober in style, the only at- 
tempt at architectural effect being made in the cen- 
tral structure, in the design of its fagade, and the 
dome which crowns it. With their well-kept 
grounds they cover a square containing nearly seven 
acres.^ The Church of the Immaculate Conception 
and the Boston College were both built under the 
auspices of the Jesuit Fathers, and completed in 
1860-61. The church was one of the first stone 
church buildings in the city. It is a solid granite 
structure, without tower or spire, and the peculiar- 
ity of its design at once attracts attention. The 



' See chapter c 



■ West End; paragraph on Ne 



2 The Home for Convalescents, in connection with the hospital, is 
pleasantly situated on Dorchester avenue, Dorchester district. The 
estate consists of fifteen acres of land, partly under cultivation and 
partly woodland. The City Hospital was first established in 1S64. 



76 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



statues of the Virgin and of the Saviour, with out- 
stretched arms, the former placed above the entrance 
and the latter above all, are the striking features of 
the facade, marking the character of the edifice and 
the great church organization to which it belongs. 
In the interior, however, the most elaborate work 
is seen. Two rows of Ionic columns, with richly orna- 
mented capitals, mark the line of the side aisles. 
On the keystone of the chancel arch is a bust rep- 
resenting Christ ; on the opposite arch, over the 
choir-gallery, one representing the Virgin ; on the 
capitals of the columns, busts of the saints of the 
Society of Jesus ; and over each column a figure 
representing an angel supporting the entablature. 
The altar is of marble and richly ornamented. On 
the panels an abridgment of the life of the Virgin 
is sculptured, and on either side of the structure are 
three Corinthian columns, with appropriate entabla- 
tures and broken arches surmounted by statues of 
the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin, the whole 
terminated by a silver cross with an adoring angel 
on each side. On the right of the broken arch is 
a figure of St. Ignatius, and on the opposite side that 
of St. Francis Xavier. The elliptic dome over the 
chancel, lighted by colored glass, and with a dove 
with outspread wings in the middle, is effective. 
The chapels within the chancel rails are dedicated, 
that on the Gospel side to St. Joseph, and that on 
the Epistle side to St. Aloysius. The painting of 
the Crucifixion, behind the high altar, is by Gari- 
baldi, of Rome. The Boston College buildings are 
of brick, with little attempt at architectural dis])lay. 
The cost of the church and the college was ;j!35o- 
ooo. The architect of the church was P. C. Keely, 
of Brooklyn, N.Y., the interior designed by the 
late Arthur Oilman. The architect of the original 
City Hospital buildings was G. J. F. Bryant. 

In the immediate neighborhood of these build- 
ings is that of the New England Conservatory of 
Music, the old St. James Hotel (built in 1867-68 by 
Maturin M. Ballou), remodelled and enlarged for 
the purposes of the college. It is attractive in de- 
sign, of fine proportions, consisting of seven stories 
and a dome ; and it is admirably arranged for its 
present use. The Conservatory embraces fifteen 
separate departments, and in the College of Music 
proper, for advanced musical students, in connec- 
tion with the Boston University,' degrees in music 
are conferred. The students come from all parts of 
the country, numbering several thousand each year. 
The institution was the enterprise of the late Eben 
Tourg^e, and was established in 1867 in rooms 
in the Music Hall building. When the present 

1 See chapter on Some Noteworthy Buildings. 



building was secured for its accommodation, in 
1882, its plan and scope were considerably enlarged. 
Within the building is now a large concert-hall, reci- 
tation and practice rooms, library, reading-room, 
parlors, and museum ; adjoining it is Sleeper Hall, 
added in 1885. 

The Cathedral of the Holy Cross on Washington 
street, but a short distance below the Conservatory, 
built of Roxbury stone with granite trimmings, is 
the largest and in some respects the finest Catholic 
church in New England. Its outward appearance 
is at present disappointing, largely because of the 
abrupt ending of the towers on the principal facade ; 
but when these and the turrets, all of unequal height, 
are surmounted by the spires called for in the origi- 
nal design, it will be more dignified and imposing. 
The great tower on the south-west corner, with its 
spire, will be 300 feet high, and the smaller one on 
the other corner, 200 feet high. The style of the 
church is the early English Gothic, cruciform, with 
nave, transept, aisle, and clere-story, the latter sup- 
ported by two rows of clustered metal pillars. Its 
total length is 364 feet, the width at the transept 170 
feet, the width of nave and aisles 90 feet, the height 
of the nave 120 feet; and the entire building covers 
more than an acre of ground. The arch separating 
the front vestibule from the church is of bricks taken 
from the ruins of the Ursuline Convent on Mount 
Benedict in Somer\'ille, which was burned by a mob 
on the night of August 11, 1834.' The interior or- 
namentation and decoration of the church are rich 
and lavish. The chancel is unusually deep, and the 
altar within it, of variegated marble, is elaborate and 
costly. On the Gospel side stands the Episcopal 
throne, the cathedra of the archbishop. On the 
ceiling of the chancel are painted angels typifying 
Faith, Hope, and Charity, on a background of gold. 
The frescoing on the walls is handsome. The im- 
mense windows are nearly all filled with stained 
glass, both foreign and American, representing va- 
rious scenes and characters in Christian history. 
The designs on the transept windows represent the 

iThe picturesque ruins of the Ursuline Convent occupied the 
height Icnown as Mt. Benedict, in Somerville, a short distance from 
Charlestown Neck, until a few years ago, when the hill was levelled. 
The convent was established in Boston in 1S20, and first occupied a 
building adjoining the old Cathedral in Franklin street; it was re- 
moved to Mt. Benedict in 1826. The grounds about the building, 
which stood on the summit of the hill, were laid out in terraces, with 
fine orchards, shade-trees, and gardens. The burning of the building 
by the mob, who were infuriated by stories of ill-treatment of inmates, 
not.lbly Rebecca Reed, a pupil, and Sister Mary John, was a wanton 
act deplored by orderly citizens. In Boston a meeting to denounce 
it was held in Faneuil Hall, at which Harrison Gray Otis and Josiah 
Qiiincy, Jr., were among the speakers. Thirteen of the rioters were 
arrested, but only one, Marvin Marcey, Jr., the least guilty, it was 
said, was convicted. He was afterwards pardoned on the petition ol 
the bishop and others, on the ground that he should not suffer punish- 
ment while the ringleaders escaped. 



BOSTON OF lO-DAV. 



77 



Kxaltation of the Cross by the Emperor Herac- 
lius, and the miracle " by which the True Cross was 
verified." Those on the chancel windows represent 
the Crucifixion, the Ascension, and the Nativity ; 
these are memorial windows, gifts to the church. 
Smaller stained-glass windows in the clere-story of 
the transept and the chancel represent biblical sub- 
jects. The interior terminates in an octagonal apse. 
On the right of the church is the Chapel of the 
Blessed ^■ irgin, containing a marble statue represent- 
ing the Virgin. The three other chapels are those 



the ground adjoining the cathedral, on the corner of 
Union Park street and Harrison avenue, is the man- 
sion-house of the archbishop, in which are the chief 
offices of the archdiocese. The cathedral was eight 
years in building, and was consecrated with a brill- 
iant ser\-ice on the 8th of November, 1875. P. C. 
Keely, of Brooklyn, N.V., was the architect. 

Most of the South End Protestant churches which 
make any pretensions to architectural effect are 
in the famihar Gothic style. One of the earliest 
built here, dating from 1862, that of the Tremont- 




MEW ENGLAND CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC. 



of St. Joseph, St. Patrick, and the Blessed Sacra- 
ment. Between the latter and the sanctuary is the 
large vestry. The great organ, the sixth in size in 
the world, is built around the exquisite rose-window 
of the west, and the chantry, with the smaller organ, 
is near the chancel and the archiepiscopal throne. 
Of the chapels, that of the Blessed Sacrament is a 
beautiful piece of architecture, and it has a peculiar 
interest in that it contains the altar of the old cath- 
edral which stood so long in Franklin street.' In 

1 The business block known as the "Cathedral buildings," on 
Franklin street, now occupies the site of the old cathedr.al. It was the 
second Catholic church in Boston, and its establishment was due to 
the zeal of Fathers Francis Antony Matignon and John de Cheverus, 
exiled French priests, who came here, the former in 1792 and the latter 
four years later. Both made warm friends among Protestants as well 



Street Methodist (Hammatt Billings, architect), with 
low walls and finely proportioned spires, is still re- 
garded as one of the most artistic in design. Lower 

as Catholics, and in the movement for the new church the generous 
aid of a number of influential Protestants was secured. The sub- 
scription to the building fund was headed by John Adams. A bell 
brought from Spain was given by Hasket Derby. The building was 
designed by Bulfinch; and it was consecrated by Bishop Carroll, of 
Baltimore, Sept. 29, 1S03. Boston at this time was only a mis- 
sion; and when in iSoS it was created an episcopal sec, tlie diocese 
then embracing all Xew England, Father Cheverus was made the 
first bishop. In 1S25 he was translated to France, and died, cardinal- 
archbishop, in Bordeaux, in 1836. Dr. Matignon died here in Boston, 
Sept. 19, iSiS. His remains lie buried under the floor of the 
mortuary chapel of St. Augustine in the Catholic cemetery in South 
Boston. Boston was created an archbishopric in 1S75, and Bishop 
John Joseph Williams was made the first archbishop. The old 
cathedral was sold in 1S60 to Isaac Rich, for $115,000. The first 
Catholic church was on School street, established in 17S4, in a chapel 
previously occupied by French Huguenots. 



78 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



down Tremont street, at the corner of Brookline 
street, the Shawmut Congregational Church (Con- 
gregational-Trinitarian), completed two years after, 
shows an effective piece of work in its tall, square 
campanile. Of this C. E. Parker was the architect. 
The unpretending meeting-house of the Church of 
the Disciples, on Warren avenue, is one of the 
most distinguished in the South End, not because of 
its architectural design, for it is one of the plainest, 
but because it was the pulpit of James Freeman 
Clarke. It was completed in 1869, and dedicated 
on the twenty-eighth anniversary of the first 
public meeting of the society, Feb. 28, 1841. 
At that first meeting it was resolved that the society 
should never rent or sell or tax the seats, and from 
that day to this it has been a free church. The 
present house was built and furnished at a cost of 
$57,000, all given outright by subscriptions ranging 
from $5,000 to $5. The interior is very pleasant; 
"cheerful and sunny, like our faith," Dr. Clarke has 
described it. The auditorium is capacious, and will 
seat comfortably from 1,000 to 1,500 persons. Below 
it are two halls connected by sliding doors ; a large 
Sunday-school library room, also opening into the 
larger hall ; a pastor's room, class and committee 
rooms, and a kitchen. All are high, well ventilated, 
well lighted, well warmed. The establishment of the 
church, in the beginning, was Dr. Clarke's own idea, 
and he strove for it several years before it was ac- 
complished. It first met in halls ; then it built the 
Freeman-place Chapel, on Beacon hill (named for 
James Freeman, first " reader" and afterwards rector 
of King's Chapel) ; and then, from 1853 until the 
present building was built, it was established in In- 
diana place. Among the earliest signers of the book 
of the church were Nathaniel Peabody and his 
three daughters, one of whom became the wife 
of Nathaniel Hawthorne, and another the wife of 
Horace Mann. John A. Andrew, Samuel J. May, 
Ellis Gray Loring, and George William Bond were 
other early members. For a while after the death 
of Dr. Clarke (in 1889) it was feared that the 
society would be scattered, but with the engagement 
of the Rev. Charles G. Ames as his succcessor, 
the ties were strengthened, and it is now again a 
strong organization. 

Of later churches, those on Columbus avenue are 
most noteworthy. The feature of the Columbus- 
avenue Universalist Church, built in 1872, at the 
corner of Clarendon street, also of Roxbury stone, is 
its shapely stone tower and steeple at the side, with 
the carriage-porch at the base ; and that of the 
Union Church (Congregational-Trinitarian), built in 
1870, farther up the avenue, at the corner of West 



Rutland street, is its picturesque outline, a rambling 
group of stone church and chapel, occupying the 
front of an entire square. The interior of the 
Universalist Church, built in the clere, without 
pillars, is light. It has painted windows rep- 
resenting the Man of Sorrows, the Risen Lord, and 
the Twelve Apostles; symbols of Faith, Hope, 
Charity, and Purity ; and memorials of the first pas- 
tor of the church, the revered Hosea Ballon, of its 
Sunday-school superintendent for thirty years, 
Thomas A. Goddard, and of eight deceased dea- 
cons. This is Dr. A. A. Miner's pulpit, and the suc- 
cessor of the famous old School-street church. It 
was designed by the architects L. Newcomb & Co. 
The interior of the Union Church is made attractive 
by its high pitched roof of open-worked timbers. 
The old church which it succeeds was long on Essex 
street, and its most famous pastor in the old days 
was Nehemiah Adams, whose pastorate covered thirty- 
five years : a cultivated man who early won a reputa- 
tion as a writer as well as a preacher, but was more 
generally known in local history as the defender of 
the institution of slavery in his " South-side View 
of Slavery, " published after a visit to South Carolina 
in 1854, which drew upon him the sharp criticism 
of the band of earnest abolitionists here in Boston, 
by whom he was dubbed "South Side Adams." 
The two other churches on this avenue — the First 
Presbyterian, at the corner of Berkeley street, just 
below Dr. Miner's church, and the People's Metho- 
dist-Episcopal Church, on the opposite side — are 
not particularly strong architecturally. The interior 
of the People's Church is in its arrangement more 
like a theatre than a church, the object being to pro- 
vide for an unobstructed view of the platform from 
every seat. It is a free church, and its construc- 
tion was due largely to the untiring zeal of J. W. 
Hamilton, long its pastor. The work of building 
was begun in 1879, and it was completed in 1885. 

The Latin and English High School building on 
Warren avenue, Montgomery and Dartmouth streets, 
is the largest structure in the world used as a free 
public school, and much attention was given in its 
design to architectural effect. It is built of brick, 
in the modern Renaissance style, with all the lines 
of strength treated architecturally in buff sand- 
stone, and the frieze courses inlaid with terra-cotta. 
The exterior ornamentation in the terra-cotta work 
is from designs by the sculptor, T. H. Bartlett. The 
building occupies a parallelogram 420 feet long by 
220 feet wide, and is designed after the German 
plan of the hollow square, with corridors following its 
outlines. The Latin School fronts on Warren ave- 
nue and the English High on Montgomery street, 



HOSTON OF TO-DAV. 



79 




f ^^'^i n m 







31 

II 



I 



"%« 



WASHINGTONIAN HOME. 

and the two are connected in the rear by the drill- building is divided into three pavilions. The divi- 
hall and gymnasium, across the easterly end of the sion between the two courts of equal size within the 
block. Across the westerly end, facing Dartmouth block is made by the central or ' theatre " building, 
street, a building for the accommodation of the connected with the main street-fronts by a trans- 
School Board and its officers may ultimately be verse corridor. The statuary decorating both of the 
built. Each of the street-fronts of the main great vestibules from the main entrances is good 



8o 



BOSTON OF TO-DAV. 



work. That in the \estibule on the Latin School side 
is the marble monument designed by Richard S. 
Greenough in honor of the Latin School graduates 
who were in the Ci\il \\'ar. The orator and the 
poet on the occasion of its dedication in 1870 — 
William M. Evarts and Dr. William Everett — were 
graduates of the school. That in the vestibule of 




BUILDING OF THE POPE MANUFACTURING COMPANY. 



the English High side is the marble group of the 
" Flight from Pompeii," by Benzoni of Rome, the 
gift of the late Henry P. Kidder, another eminent 
graduate of the school. It stands on an African 
marble pedestal, with panels representing dancing- 
girls in bas-relief. The interior of the building is 
finished in Michigan oak. Thirty-six school-rooms 
occupy the street-fronts, and twelve receive their 
light and air from the courts. The " theatre " 



building contains lecture-halls and library-rooms for 
both schools. The chemical laboratory and lecture- 
room are in a detached building, separated from the 
remainder of the structure by fire-proof walls. The 
drill-hall and the gyinnasium above are models of 
their kind. The floor of the former is of thick 
plank, calked like a ship's deck, and laid upon solid 
concrete. It can accommodate the entire 
school battalion, and can also be used for 
mounted drill. The gymnasium is of the 
same size. The basement and court-yards 
are especially fitted for play-room. The 
building was dedicated Feb. 22, 1881. Its 
cost thus far, with the land, has been about 
S7 50,000. George A. Clough was the archi- 
tect. 

The Boston Latin School was the first school 
established in the colonies, and the first edu- 
cational institution in the country. The first 
record with reference to it was made in 1635, 
five years after the landing of Winthrop and 
his associates, and it reads : " Att a general 
meeting upon publick notice ... it was 
. . . generaly agreed vpon y' o' brother 
Philemon Pormort shall be intreated to be- 
come schole master for the teaching and 
nourtering of children with vs." The first 
Latin School building was on School street, 
giving that way its name, on part of the 
ground now occupied by King's Chapel. 
The second was on the opposite side of the 
street, where the Parker House now stands. 
The third was on the same site, a structure 
of three stories with a granite front and a 
cupola, built in 181 2 ; and the fourth was on 
Bedford street, built in 1844, and lotig a 
familar landmark. This building was shared 
soon after its completion with the English 
lli.L^h S( hool (established in 182 1), and since 
th:ii tunc the two have kept together. From 
the llfdtord-street building removal was made 
to the present structure. 

The Girls' High and Latin schools building 
near by, on Newton street, is an uninteresting 
structure, originally designed for the High and 
Normal schools. When is was completed, in 1870, it 
was commended as the largest, most substantial, and 
costliest school-building in the country. The in- 
terior is well arranged, lighted, and ventilated. In 
the large hall, on the upper story, is a collection 
of casts of sculpture and statuary, the gift of citizens 
interested in the schools. The octagonal structure on 
the roof is designed to be used as an astronomical 
observatory. The High is the oldest of the schools 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



8i 



here established, dating from 1855. 'J"he Latin 
School was established in 1878. The training 
which the girls of these schools receive is similar to 
that given in the English High and Latin schools 
for boys. 

The group of attractively designed buildings of 
the Massachusetts Homoeopathic Hospital, on the 
grounds bounded by Harrison avenue, Stoughton 
and Albany streets, includes the hospital proper, 
the School of Medicine (connected with Boston 
University), and the dispensary. With the impor- 
tant additions made in 1891-92 this has become 
the largest and most thoroughly equipped homoe- 
opathic hospital in the country, and the third 
general hospital in size in Boston and New England. 
The oldest portion, known as the Central Building, 
was first opened for patients in May, 1876; the 
surgical wing, on the southerly side, and the Cottage, 
or Isolating Ward, were built in 1883 ; and the ex- 
tensions of 1891-92 included the enlargement of 
the surgical wing, the construction of the medical 
wing, on the northerly side, the large building 
forming the westerly addition to the Medical School, 
the dispensary next it, and the mortuary on Albany 
street. The architect of the group was T. R. Allen, 
and in the design of the buildings the best models 
have been followed. About two hundred beds are 
now furnished in the hospital, and it is so arranged 
that the rooms are all sunny and pleasant. All the 
modern appliances for ventilation, heating, and 
lighting are employed. The fourth floor of the 
surgical wing includes the solarium, etherization 
room, and amphitheatre, the latter extending through 
the fifth floor and admirably arranged for demon- 
strations to classes of students. The dispensary is 
most systematically planned. When the building is 
completed according to the original plans a mater- 
nity department, exclusively under the care of 
women physicians, will be established. The Homoe- 
opathic Hospital was chartered as long ago as 1855, 
when it came within a single vote in the State Senate 
of receiving State aid. Failing this, its growth was 
slow. It was first established in a modest way in 
the house No. 14 Burroughs place, off from Hollis 
street, and fitted with but fourteen beds. This was 
in 187 1. In November of that year some of the 
most prominent homoeopathic physicians of the 
city were summoned for trial before the Massachusetts 
Medical Society, for " conduct unbecoming and un- 
worthy an honorable man and a member of the 
society," such " unbecoming and unworthy conduct " 
being the practice of their profession as members of 
the homoeopathic school. A summary expulsion from 
the society was prevented by an injunction from the 



Supreme Court ; but the matter was warmly discussed 
in the public prints, and popular interest was excited. 
A public fair in aid of the hospital, held soon after, 
so profited by this interest that ;?8o,ooo were real- 
ized for its funds. With this in hand the work of 
building on the present site was begun. The cost of 
the additions made in 1883 was met by generous 
contributions from citizens, and of those made 
in 1891-92 by further subscriptions and a grant of 
$120,000 from the State, authorized by the Legisla- 
ture of 1890. 



VIII. 

NORTH AND OLD WEST ENDS. 

QL«IN-r AND PICTURESQUE WAVS AND BV-WAVS BEA- 
CON HILL AND ITS LITER.4RY QUARTER SOME 

INTERESTING LANDMARKS. 

'T'O the lovers of Boston, bits of the North End, 
A despite its squalor, and much of the old 
West End of the town, are most interesting; and 
towards these sections the visitor in search of the 
quaint, the picturesque, and the mellow turns with 
agreeable anticipations. The North End especially 
is historic ground. Here is Copp's hill, of the 
original three, and its ancient burying-ground, with 
the tombs of the Mathers; and hard by, Christ 
Church, the oldest church-building now standing in 
the town, from whose steeple, the tablet on its face 
asserts, the signal-lanterns of Paul Revere were 
hung on that eventful April night in 1775 when the 
patriot flew along the Middlesex roads on his trusty 
horse warning the " minute men " of the march of the 
British to Lexington and Concord. Here is North 
square, where stood the old North Church, the 
"Church of the Mathers,"' which the British tore 
down and used for firewood during the hard winter 
of the Siege ; the old " Red Lion Inn," the famous 
seventeenth-century tavern long kept by the Quaker 
Nicholas Upshall, a " man of substance," and " one 
of the first to feel the rigor of the persecution of 
the Quakers," who finally died a martyr to his faith ; 
and until quite recently the homestead in which Paul 
Revere was born. Within the narrow precincts of 
the North End lived many of the men who were 
active in the stirring events preceding the Revolu- 
tion, the "Sons of Liberty," and the sturdy mechan- 
ics who joined with those of " laced and ruffled 

1 Sec chapter on the New West End, paragraph on Second 



BOSTON OF 'lO-DAY. 



coats "in the "tea party" of 1773. Here was 
Thomas Hutchinson's fine town-house, on Garden 
court, which was sacked by the mob on the night 
of August 26, 1765, during the Stamp Act troubles, 
when the chief justice and his family only escaped 
personal violence by hurriedly taking refuge in 
neighboring houses. And next to it, on the corner 
of the court and Prince street, was that of Sir 
Charles Henry Frankland, the lover of Agnes Sur- 
riage, where Lady Agnes, as he made her after she 
had so heroically saved his life in the Lisbon earth- 
quake, lived for a while after his death and her 
return to America. 

Though much of its quaintness has disappeared in 
late years with the demolition of ancient structures 
and the cutting of new ways through old landmarks, 
there yet remain in the North End some interesting 
examples of old-time building, houses of hip-roof 
variety, or with gambrel roofs and overhanging 
stories. Several of these are to be seen in Salem 
street, a number in Prince and neighboring streets, 
and a few in the vicinity of the old burying-ground. 
An interesting relic of the quiet style of colonial 
mansion-house is the well-preserved Dillaway house 
on Salem street, next to Christ Church, built of brick, 
with its end to the street and the entrance under a 
grape-vine trellis reached by a brick walk from the 
swinging gate. Christ Church, dating from 1723, 
the second Protestant-Episcopal church in Boston, 
presents a severely plain brick front with a tower and 
steeple of the Christopher Wren style (a repro- 
duction of the original one which was blown down 
in a great gale in 1804), and an interior ambitiously 
designed for that day. When, in 1884, the interior 
was renovated, an effort was made to restore it as 
far as possible to its original appearance. The 
coloring of the walls and woodwork within the 
chancel was a return to the ancient fashion, and an 
old-time style of ornamentation was copied in the 
covering of the arch with a material resembling 
hammered gold. The place is enriched with paint- 
ings and mural ornaments, among which is the first 
monument to Washington ever erected in the coun- 
try. The figures of the cherubim in front of the 
organ, and the chandeliers, were seized from a 
French vessel by the privateer " Queen of Hun- 
gary" in 1746, and presented to the church by 
Captain Grushea ; the Bible, prayer-books, and 
communion service were given by George H. 
in 1733 ; the massive christening-basin was a gift of 
a parishioner in 1730; and the sweet chime of 
eight bells hung in the tower, whose melodious 
tones are still heard, came from England in 
1744. From the old steeple Gage witnessed the 



burning of Charlestown during the battle of Bunker 
hill. 

Copp's hill is the largest of the three ancient 
burying-grounds of the town (King's Chapel, Copp's 
hill, and Granary), and its situation is the most 
picturesque. It stands on a steep embankment 
left when the remainder of the hill was cut down, 
protected by a hiijh nmuh-stune wall. It was the 
second of the buryiii- -rounds established in the 
town, and occupied the summit of the hill where 
the old windmill, which gave the place its first name, 
had stood for twenty years. The ground was first 
used for interments in 1660, and was long known 
as the " North Burying Ground." From time to 
time new cemeteries were established adjoining it, 
and now the enclosure contains, besides the original 
Old North, which is that on the north-east side of 
the entrance gate, the New North and the Charter- 
street Burying-ground. Among notable graves or 
tombs here besides those of the Mathers — Increase, 
Cotton, and Samuel — are those of Chief Justice Par- 
ker ; of the father and grandfather of Governor 
Hutchinson ; of Mrs. Mary Baker, a sister of Paul 
Revere ; of Rev. Jesse Lee, the earlv preacher of 
Methodism in Boston, who organized its first per- 
manent church ; of Edward Hartt, the builder of the 
frigate "Constitution ;" and of Captain Thomas Lake, 
a commander of the Ancient and Honorable Artil- 
lery in 1662 and 1674, who, his gravestone reads, 
" was perfidiously slain by ye Indians at Kennebec, 
Aug. 14, 1676," and it is tradition that the slits 
deeply sawn in the gravestone were filled with 
melted bullets taken from his body. These have 
long since been chipped away by sacrilegious relic 
hunters. The grounds are pleasantly laid out, and 
in the summer season the gates are open to the 
public. At other times visitors obtain admission 
by application to the superintendent, who lives 
near by. The redoubt thrown up on the hill by 
the British, and from which Charlestown was fired 
by red-hot shot under the direction of Burgoyne 
during the Bunker-hill fight, was within the en- 
closure. While occupying the place as a military 
station during the Siege, the British soldiers made 
targets of the gravestones, and the marks of their 
bullets were visible for years after. Copp's hill 
got its name from an industrious cobbler named 
William Copp, who lived on its slope, on his own 
homestead. He, with his family, was buried here. 

Years ago the North End fell into disrepute, and 
was given over to the poorer and rougher classes ; 
but through all the changes a few old families have 
clung to it, and their modest, well-kept homesteads, 
speaking of comfort and even refinement, within, are 



ROSTON OF TO-DAY. 



83 



in sharp contrast with the squalid surroundings. 
The overwhelming majority of the population is now 
foreign-born. Here many nationalities herd, and 
there is an Old- World look to the quarter which to 
many has a peculiar fascination. The Italian colony, 
now large and steadily increasing, is especially in- 
teresting. This is found mostly crowded into lower 
North street and the neighborhood of old North 
square. It has its own shops, gay with color, its own 
restaurants and theatre and church (the latter a 
brand-new structure of brick and stone, known as the 
Catholic Church of St. Leonard, on Prince, near 
Hanover street, taking the place of a smaller and 
more picturesque one which flourished for many 
years) . The small but very busy Jewish quarter is 
at the upper end of Salem street. Here are many 
Russian Jews, with the worn, hunted look which 
has come to be a characteristic of this unhappy 
jieople. 

The Old West End may be defined as that portion 
of the city lying between lower Tremont, Court, and 
Sudbury streets and the Charles river, and all of 
Beacon hill. That part lying on the westerly slopes of 
the hill, bounded by Pinckney street on one side and 
Beacon street on the other, is a region of fine, old- 
fashioned dwellings, not showy, like many of those 
of the New West End, or remarkable for architec- 
tural design, but comfortable, substantial, and with an 
unmistakable air of gentility. No statelier line of 
dwellings than that along Beacon street, facing the 
Common, from the State House to Charles street, is 
to be seen in the town. Mt. Vernon street, with its 
mansion-houses set well back from the walk, and its 
blocks of roomy, old-time dwellings, and Louisburg 
square, with its old-fashioned fenced enclosure filled 
with venerable trees, have a quiet dignity which only 
age and solidity can attain ; Chestnut street, one side 
lined with lindens, possesses a charm all its own ; 
and Pinckney street, with its quaint, broken lines as 
seen from Joy street, where it starts, is one of the 
most picturesque ways in Boston. 

Within this quarter many of the old Boston fami- 
lies have long resided, and it has been the favorite 
dwelling-place of literary folk. It was in Chestnut 
street, in Dr. C. A. Bartol's rare old house, that the 
famous Radical Club used to meet ; here Richard 
Henry Dana the elder lived for years, and here he 
died ; Francis Parkman's winter home is on this street ; 
Bishop Paddock lived here in the episcopal resi- 
dence to the end of his long service. On Walnut 
street, opposite the head of Chestnut, the father of 
John Lothrop Motley lived when the historian was a_ 
boy. On Mt. Vernon street, T. B. Aldrich, the poet, 
lives, and farther down the way Mrs. Margaret De- 



land, the novelist ; here also Miss Anne Whitney has 
her studio. On Charles street, near by the house 
which was long the home of Oliver Wendell Holmes, 
Mrs. James T. Fields still resides, and with her 
Sarah Orne Jewett. On Pinckney street Edwin P. 
Whipple and George S. Hilliard lived. On Beacon 
street, between Spruce and Charles streets, the old- 
fishioned swell- front house No. 55 was the home 
of William H. Prescott during the last fourteen years 
of his life. Here he wrote " The Conquest of 
Peru" and " Philip II.," in that famous working- 
room above his library, reached by a winding 
staircase from a secret door hidden behind the 
books. The noctograph which the historian (for 
all purposes of work a blind man) used is 
now in the possession of the Historical Society. 
In the stately old house on Beacon-hill place, just 
off from Mt. Vernon street. Dr. T. W. Parsons, the 
poet, has for several years made his winter home. 
The larger part of this territory was at one time 
included in the estate of John Singleton Copley, the 
artist. From 1773 to 1795 he owned all the land 
on the hill bounded by Beacon, Walnut, Mt. Vernon 
streets, Louisburg square, Pinckney street, and the 
water, — eleven acres in all of upland and about nine 
of flats, the greatest private estate in town at that 
time. This embraced the six acres upon which the 
house of Blaxton, the original settler, stood, and 
which he reser\'ed from the sale of all his interests 
in the peninsula to Winthrop's colony for ^30, about 
four years after they had moved over from Charles- 
town.i Blaxton's cottage was on the slope of the 
hill, between Charles and Spruce streets ; and north- 
east of it was his garden, or "orchard," of English 
roses and fruit trees, within which, not far from the 
middle of the grass-plot in the present enclosure in 
Louisburg square, was the " excellent spring of 
water" of which he "acquainted the governor . . . 
withal inviting hmi and soliciting him hither." 
Copley married a daughter of Richard Clarke, one 
of the obnoxious tea consignees, and the year before 
the Revolution went abroad. He finally settled in 
London and never returned to his native city. 
In 1795 Gardiner Greene, his son-in-law, sold his 
estate here to Jonathan Mason and H. G. Otis for 
§18,450; and when Copley realized that the land 
had greatly increased in value during his absence, he 
endeavored to annul the bargain, sending his son 
(afterwards Lord Lyndhurst) here with a power-of- 
attorney to act for him in the matter. Subsequently 
a compromise was effected and the conveyance duly 
sanctioned by his representatives. The new owners 
and their associates, under the name of the " Mount 

' See introductory chapter. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Vernon Proprietors," ' made additional purchases 
in the neighborhood, so that their holdings eventu- 
ally included all the land enclosed within a line 
starting, as now laid out, from the corner of Charles 
and Beacon streets, up Beacon to \Valmit, through 
Walnut to Mt. Vernon, thence to Joy (first called 
Belknap street), through Joy to Pinckney, and down 
Pinckney to the water and the flats west of the es- 
tate. The hill was partly cut down, other extensive 
improvements made, and the proprietors realized 
handsomely upon their investment. During Copley's 
ownership this part of the hill was generally called 
" Copley's hill." 

Copley's house, a two-story dwelling of comfort- 
able proportions, surrounded by fine grounds, and 
with an extensive stable, stood facing the Common, 
where the Somerset Club-house now stands. Here he 
painted some of his best pictures, " probably those 
of Hancock and Adams among the number," says 
Drake. For a while after the Revolution General 
Knox lived in it. The white granite " double-swell " 
house now occupied by the Somerset (originally 
having but one bow in the centre, and fronting 
on a yard or carriage-way), built by David Sears, 
was one of the earliest erected in this part of Bea- 
con street after the Mt. Vernon Improvement, and, 
says Drake, " was long the admiration of the 
town." And so it remains to-day, especially in early 
autumn, when its striking exterior is enriched by 
the glowing color of the mass of Japanese ivy upon 
it. The marble panels on the fagade were made 
by Solomon Willard.^ Behind the house, in 1775, 
was a barn which was converted into a temporary 
hospital for the wounded British officers, after the 
Bunker hill fight. The old-time mansion next be- 
low the Somerset, whose dignified front and classic 
portico have long been familiar to Bostonians, was 
that of Harrison Gray Otis ; and that farther up the 
hill, on the lower corner of Walnut street, has 
the distinction of being the first house of brick on 
the street. It was built in 1804 by John Phillips, 
for ten years president of the State Senate, the first 
mayor of the city, and father of Wendell Phillips. 
Afterwards Lieut.-Governor Winthrop, father of 
Robert C. Winthrop, lived here from 1825 until 
his death, in 1841. The fomous old Hancock 
house, the removal of which in 1863 good Bos- 
tonians will ever deplore, stood back from Beacon 
street, near what is now Hancock avenue, a fine 



iThe " Mount Vernon Proprietors " were Jonath;in Mason and H. 
G. Otis, each three-tenths; Benjamin Joy, two-tenths; and llepsibah 
C. Swan, wife of James Swan, by General Henry Jackson, and later 
William Sullivan, trustee, the remaining two-tenths. 

2 See chapter on Some Noteworthy Buildings for reference to 
other work by Willard. 



example of the rich mansion-house of the colo- 
nial perioil, built of stone, with a balcony projected 
over the generous entrance-door, and approached 
from the street through the gateway in the old 
stone wall, by terraces planted with ornamental 
trees. The site is now marked by a tablet on the 
fence in front of the brown-stone double house next 
but one to Hancock avenue. 

The older part of the Old West End, on the 
north-east side of Cambridge street, also contains 
a number of quaint streets with old-fashioned Bos- 
ton houses, notably those in the immediate neigh- 
borhood of the Massachusetts General Hospital, 
such as McLean, Allen, and Blossom streets. The 
hospital itself (founded in 1799), or at least the 
main building, with its imposing portico of Ionic 
columns and dignified dome, is a fine example of 
Bulfinch's work. This part, first built (completed 
in 182 1 ), is constructed of Chelmsford granite, 
hammered out and fitted for use by convicts of the 
State prison. In 1846 two extensive wings were 
added, and other additions and extensions have 
from time to time been made, until now it is one 
of the largest in the country. The important 
pavilion-wards, constructed in 1873-75, bear the 
names respectively of Jackson, Warren, Bigelow, 
and Townsend, in recognition of the services of Drs. 
James Jackson, J. C. Warren, Jacob Bigelow, and S. 
D. Townsend. The operating-room of the hospital 
is distinguished as the place in which one day in 
October, 1856, the first extensive surgical operation 
upon a patient under the influence of ether was 
successfully performed. Dr. W. T. G. Morton di- 
recting. This the " Ether Monument " on the 
Public Garden (see next chapter) commemorates, 
and in the hospital hangs a large painting show- 
ing portraits of those who were present on the 
occasion. The hospital grounds are carefully 
kept, and the walls of the main building are pic- 
turesquely adorned with ivy. Among the earliest 
benefactors of the institution was John McLean, for 
whom the McLean Asylum for the Insane, in Som- 
erville, a branch of the hospital, is named, and also 
McLean street ; and prominent among its founders 
was John Lowell, of the distinguished Lowell family. 
The old Harvard Medical School building (now oc- 
cupied by the Harvard Dental School, established in 
1868, and furnishing a complete course of instruc- 
tion in the theory and practice of medicine), on 
North Grove street, adjoining the hospital grounds, 
has a ghastly fame as the scene of the murder of 
Dr. George Parkman by Prof. John White Web- 
ster, November 30, 1849, whose trial was the most 
famous criminal case here. " No similar event," 



ROSTON OF TO-DAY. 



S5 



says Drake, " ever produced so great a sensation 
in Boston. Both of the parties were of the first 
standing in society. The deadly blow might have 
been struck in a moment of passion, but the al- 
most fiendish art with which the remains were con- 
cealed and consumed was fetal to Dr. Webster. Not 
the least touching episode of the trial was the ap- 
pearance of the daughters of the prisoner on the 
witness-stand giving their evidence under the full 
conviction of their father's innocence." Dr. Park- 
man lived, at the time of the murder, on the east 
siile of Walnut street, next the house on the cor- 
ner of Beacon street. Dr. Webster was executed 
the following year in the old Leverett-street jail. 
Tiie Charles-street jail, built of Quincy granite, 
cruciform in plan, the arms radiating from the cen- 
tral octagonal building, succeeded the old Leverett- 
street in 1851. 

The churches in this quarter are now few in num- 
ber. The most noteworthy is the Church of the 
Advent, at the foot of Beacon hill, on Mt. Vernon 
and Brimmer streets, and the most interesting is the 
old West Church on Cambridge and Lynde streets, 
no longer open for services and soon to disappear. 
The latter has stood since 1806, and well represents 
the style of church architecture prevailing at the 
opening of the century. Its quaint pulpit was that 
from which Charles Lowell, father of James Russell 
Lowell, preached for sixty years, and Cyrus A. 
Bartol, first as Dr. Lowell's colleague, and after his 
death as sole pastor, for half a century and more ; 
and its stiff, old-fashioned pews have been occupied 
by the most cultivated and thoughtful of Boston 
congregations. The old meeting-house succeeds 
the wooden one used by the British as a barrack 
during the Siege, the steeple of which they pulled 
down because the " rebels " had employed it for 
signallii:ig to the camp at Cambridge. The building 
was restored after the Revolution, and was finally 
taken down to make way for the present structure. 

The Church of the Advent is an elaborate struct- 
ure of brick and stone, designed by the architects 
Sturgis & Brigham. Its construction was begun 
March, 1878, but the work moved slowly, and it was 
not until 1892 that it was completed. The plans of 
the architects embraced the main body of the 
church, 72 by 73 feet, consisting of nave, 76 feet 
high two aisles and transepts ; the chancel with 
polygonal end ; the chapel on the south side of 
the chancel ; school-rooms hexagonal in shape, and 
various other rooms corner tower and steeple the 
baptistery in the church under the tower ; and at 
the north side the clergy house, containing vestry, 
clergy and choir rooms, refectory and dormitories. 



The larger portion of the building was completed in 
1883, when the parish moved in. The steeple 
tower was completed in 1891. The interior of the 
church is richly decorated. The parish of the 
Church of the Advent was organized in 1844, and it 
is the representative free "high" church in Boston. 
It has daily morning and evening services, many ser- 
vices on Sunday, and strictly observes all holy-days. 
Charlesbank, the artistically designed public park 
along the water-front of Charles street, between the 
West Boston and Craigie's bridges, picturesquely 
marks the water boundary of the Old West End. It 
is the beginning of the Charles River Embankment, 
ultimately to extend the entire distance from Lever- 
ett street to Cottage Farms Station, about two and 
three-quarters miles in length and attractively laid 
out as a parkway. The men's and women's open- 
air gymnasium on Charlesbank are most popular 
features, large numbers of the people making use of 
the apparatus provided by the city. 



IX. 



THE COMMON AND THE GARDEN. 

MODERN FEATURES OF THE HISTORIC " TRAVXING 
FIELD " OF WINTHROP'S TIME, AND THE NEWER 
PARK. 

BOSTON COMMON, in the heart of the city, 
is one of its most cherished possessions. Its 
establishment is due to the wise forethought of the 
first settlers of Boston, and to those who early suc- 
ceeded them. Very soon after the purchase of the 
peninsula from Blaxton, Winthrop's people laid out 
this ground as a "trayning field and a place for the 
feeding of cattell." A " trayning field " it has been 
from that day; and the "cattell" only ceased to 
graze in 1830, when grazing here was prohibited by 
law. The original limits were somewhat larger 
than now, reaching to the site of the Tremont House 
and Mason street on the north and east, and to the 
Back Bay on the west. The Common was fenced 
in about the year 1734, and in 1836 the iron fence, 
which originally extended on every side, was put uj), 
partly by private subscription, at a co.st of $32,159.- 
35. The enclosure now comprises forty-three and 
three-fourths acres. The low iron fence on Tre- 
mont street was placed a dozen or more years ago, 
when the sidewalk was thrown into the street to 
widen it. 

The Common in days of old was the scene of 



86 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



many more or less exciting events. On the slope 
of Flagstaff hill on a July evening in 1728 the first 
duel here in Boston was fought, the " principals " 
being two young men of social position, Benjamin 
Woodbridge and Henry Phillips, who had a dispute 
at the card-table. They fought with small-arms, 
and Woodbridge was mortally wounded by a thrust 
through the body. Woodbridge had just completed 
his twentieth year, and Phillips was but four years 
his senior. Phillips was also wounded, but slightly ; 
and by the aid of his brother and Peter Faneuil he 
made his escape on board the " Sheerness," a 
British man-of-war then lying in the harbor, which 
sailed for France at daybreak. Within a year young 
Phillips died at Rochelle, of " grief and a broken 
heart." Witches, Quakers, murderers, and pirates 
have been hanged from the limbs of the old elm 
which stood at the foot of Flagstaff hill until blown 
down in 1876, during a winter gale. The parade- 
ground bordering on the Charles-street mall has 
been the mustering-place of many warlike as well 
as peaceful gatherings. During the Siege the Com- 
mon was a fortified camp, and earthworks were 
thrown up on several of the little hills ; but all traces 
of them have long since disappeared. The British 
forces engaged in the battle of Bunker hill were 
arrayed on the Common before starting for Charles- 
town ; and it was from its south-western corner that, 
two months before, the troops embarked in boats for 
their disastrous expedition to Lexington and Con- 
cord on the night of the 18th of April. In still 
earlier times a part of the force that captured Louis- 
burg assembled on this field. Here, after the evacu- 
ation by the British, Washington reviewed the 
Continental troops ; and in our own time, during 
the Civil War, Governor Andrew reviewed the 
Massachusetts regiments, and sent them to the front 
with words of patriotism and cheer. 

The Common of to-day is a fairly well-kept park, 
the privileges which the public are permitted to 
enjoy upon it varying with the views of the munici- 
pal government in power. The five broad malls are 
shaded by graceful and rugged elms and lindens, 
some of them having been planted as far back as 
1728. The Tremont-street mall, in the vicinity of 
West street, used to be occupied by strolling Punch 
and Judy shows, lifting and lung-testing devices, 
and a big telescope ; but with the exception of the 
latter, which still occasionally points its wooden 
barrel skyward, all have been ordered off by the city 
fathers, who have no eye for the picturesque. 
Within the enclosure and bordering on Boylston 
street is the old Central Burying-Ground, estab- 
lished in 1756, where Stuart, the portrait painter. 



and M. Julien, the most noted restaurateur of the 
town in his day, who gave the name to the Julien 
soup, were buried; but the land never actually 
belonged to the Common. 

Of the two monuments on the Common, the 
Army and Navy memorial on old Flagstaff hill, 
the site of the British redoubt during the Siege, 
is the design of the late Martin Milmore, and cost 
the city §75,000. The corner-stone was laid on 
the 1 8th of September, 187 1 ; and on the occasion 
of the dedication of the completed work, the 17th 
of September, 1877, General Devens delivered the 
brilliant oration, and there was a memorable military 
and civic demonstration. The granite shaft, a dec- 
orated Doric column crowned by a bronze ideal 
statue of the " Genius of America," rises to a height 
of seventy feet. The statues supported by the four 
projecting pedestals represent the Soldier, the Sailor, 
History, and Peace. The bronze bas-reliefs be- 
tween these illustrate the Departure of the Regi- 
ment, the Sanitary Commission, a Naval Action, and 
the Return from the War and the Surrender of the 
Battle Flags to the Governor. .A.11 of these reliefs 
give portraits of well-known citizens, depicted as 
taking part in these scenes. The four figures at 
the base of the shaft itself represent North, South, 
East, and West. The " Genius of America," which 
crowns the structure, is a female figure in a flowing 
robe over which is a loose tunic bound with a gir- 
dle at the waist. On the head is a crown with 
thirteen stars, and in the right hand, resting on the 
hilt of the unsheathed sword, are two laurel wreaths. 
The left hand holds a banner draped about the 
shaft. The inscription on the monument was writ- 
ten by President Eliot, of Harvard. Judged as a 
whole, this most ambitious work we ha\-e of Mil- 
more's is unsatisfactory. While some of the statu- 
ary, particularly the figure of the Sailor, is well 
modelled and displays the skill and genius of the 
sculptor, the architecture is bad. The faults in the 
composition are the faults to be found in much of 
our monumental work. For such an undertaking 
the art of the architect and of the sculptor should be 
combined. Had this been the case in the design of 
this monument, and had the architect given to the 
outline and proportions of his part of the work the 
same care and study which the sculptor gave to 
the modelling of a portion at least of his figures, we 
should have had here a work to commend rather 
than to excuse. The other monument, popularly 
known as the " Crispus Attucks," commemorating 
the " Boston Massacre " of the 5th of March, 1770, 
is a much simpler aflair : a plain granite shaft, bear- 
ing on its front, facing the Tremont-street mall, the 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



87 



bronze figure of a woman representing Revolution, 
and a bas-relief depicting the scene of the massa- 
cre in old King's street (now State). The base and 
shaft are of one piece of granite, and are fashioned 
with little art. The shaft most resembles in its form 
an old-fashioned sugar-loaf. The sculptor was Robert 
Kraus. The monument was dedicated on the 14th 
of November, 1888, with a procession, speeches in 
Faneuil Hall, and a banquet. 

The other so-called ornaments on the Common are 
the Brewer and the Coggswell fountains. The for- 
mer is graceful in design ; the latter has rightly been 
characterized as " a reproach to the good taste of 
the citizens." Unhappily the earnest appeals for 
its removal from leading journals and such or- 
ganizations as the St. Botolph and the Paint and 
Clay clubs fell upon deaf ears. The Brewer foun- 
tain was given to the city in 1868 by the late Gard- 
ner Brewer, an opulent merchant. It was cast in 
Paris, and is a duplicate of a design by Lienard 
which received the gold medal at the Exposition of 
1855. The recumbent figures at the base are 
Neptune, Amphitrite, Acis, and Galatea, and the 
upper basin rests on graceful standing figures. 
With a generous supply of water it would be a re- 
freshing and delightful object, but unhappily water 
is permitted to flow through it at rare intervals, and 
then sparingly, so that its beauty is never fully dis- 
closed. The position selected for it, on rising 
ground near the Park-street mall, displays the work 
to the best advantage. The Coggswell, a drinking- 
fountain, is one of several given to Eastern cities 
by Dr. Coggswell, of San Francisco, and was placed 
in its present position, near the West-street gate, in 
1884. The water flows from the gaping mouths 
of two inverted dolphins, whose bodies are inter- 
twined, set up on a granite pedestal, in the middle 
of a granite edifice, the heavy canopy supported by 
four polished columns. Near each of the four cor- 
ners of the structure is a lamp with colored-glass 
shades. 

The Frog pond is one of the most ancient features 
of the Common. Once it was a marshy bog, but in 
1826 the first stone edging was placed around it, 
and with the introduction of Cochituate the foun- 
tain was put in. It was here that the celebration 
took place, on October 25, 1848, commemorating 
the introduction of the public system of water- 
works. The day was made a special holiday. 
There was a long procession through the streets, its 
route ending on the Common, where, on the edge 
of the pond, the second Mayor Quincy and Nathan 
Hale, editor of the "Advertiser," as chairman of 
the water committee, made addresses, and an ode 



written by James Russell Lowell and a selection 
from " Elijah " were sung by members of the Han- 
del and Haydn Society. 

Many attempts have been made to encroach 
upon the Common by erecting buildings, pushing 
thoroughtares or elevated railroads across it, or 
tunnelling parts of it, but all have thus fiir been 
unsuccessful. It is strongly protected by a clause 
in the city charter withholding from the city council 
the power to lease or sell it ; and an order is still in 
existence, passed by the early townspeople in March, 
1640, prohibiting the granting of any ground for 
any purpose within the prescribed limits. So the 
Common remains to-day what it has been from 
the beginning, — a public ground for the use of 
the people. On holidays, and especially the Fourth 
of July, it is the Mecca for the crowds of country 
folk who then flock to the town. On that day 
the rules are relaxed, and booths and tents for the 
sale of cakes, lemonade, and all sorts of gimcracks 
line the. broad malls. The band concerts near the 
parade-groimd are regular and popular features of 
summer Sunday afternoons. 

The Public Garden, the parkway to the New 
West End, has risen from the " marshes at the 
bottom of the Common," a thing of beauty. Like 
the " Back Bay Improvement," its construction was 
a matter agitated for years ; but when once seriously 
entered upon, the work was done in accordance with 
an intelligent and tasteful plan. Originally a part of 
the Common and the property of the town, these 
marshes were in 1794 recklessly given away to the 
owners of several ropewalks burned in the great 
fire that year in Pearl and Atkinson (now Congress) 
streets, for their new buildings, — not altogether 
from motives of generosity, but to prevent the 
rebuilding of such structures in a district which they 
would endanger. Then, in 1819, when the new 
ropewalks were in turn burned, and their owners, in 
view of the enhanced value of the land, — Charles 
street had been opened in 1804 and the great Mill 
Dam project was under way, — decided not to re- 
build but to sell the territory in lots for business 
and dwelling purposes, the eyes of the citizens were 
opened, and its recovery by some means was 
earnestly urged. At length, early in 1824, during 
the elder Quincy's administration, these efforts were 
successful, and the property given away by the 
townspeople thirty years before was regained by 
the city by the payment of ^55,000. No sooner, 
however, had this been done, than a serious attempt 
was made through the city council to sell the terri- 
tory for building purposes, and this was defeated 
only through reference of the question to the legal 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



voters, who by a decisive vote refused to give the 
council authority so to dispose of it. Notwith- 
standing this action efforts to sell were renewed 
from time to time during the next thirty years, with 
the greatest show of success in 1849 and 1850, and 
schemes for building here were repeatedly urged ; 
one plan, suggested in 1857 or thereabout, showing 
a city hall on the present Arlington street, opposite 
Commonwealth avenue, facing east and west. All 
these projects were happily frustrated by the formal 
vote of the citizens in April, 1859, ratifying the act 
of the Legislature devoting the territory forever to 
park purposes, and forbidding the city council to 
erect or to allow others to erect upon it any building 
" except a city hall or such structure as would be 
appropriate in a public pleasure-ground." This 
provision for a city building snugly preserved in the 
law has occasionally in later years tempted city 
councilmen to test public opinion, but, to the credit 
of the people, every movement for the establishment 
of the city hall here has been promptly crushed. 

Immediately after the popular vote of 1859 vari- 
ous designs for the Garden were suggested, and the 
artificial pond, ingeniously irregular in shape, giving 
the impression of a much larger sheet of water 
than it really is, was constructed. But it was not 
until the next year was well advanced that a definite 
plan, that of George F. Meacham, architect, was 
adopted and the work of development systemati- 
cally begun. Under the superintendence of the 
city engineer the flower-beds and paths were laid 
out and many ornamental trees and shrubs were 
planted by the city forester ; the year following the 
granite basins with fountains were placed and the 
first work of art supplied — the graceful marble 
statue of Venus which adorns the fountain near the 
Arlington-street end of the central walk, so arranged 
that a fine spray is thrown over and about the 
figure; in 1867 the ponderous iron and stone 
bridge spanning the pond was completed, and the 
same year Story's statue of Everett was set up ; the 
next year J. Q. A. Ward's monument in commemo- 
ration of the discovery of "Anaesthesia; " in 1869 
Ball's equestrian statue of Washington ; in 1878 his 
Sumner; and in 1889 the Cass statue (of Col. 
Thomas Cass, of the Ninth Massachusetts Volunteers, 
a brave soldier who fell at Malvern Hill), by 
Stephen O'Kelly. Liberal appropriations for the 
care and maintenance of the Garden have annually 
been made since the beginning of the work in 
i860, and it has been developed and cultivated 
with such taste and skill that it is to-day a gem of a 
pleasure-ground the counterpart of which is to be 
found in no other city. In the season of flowers. 



when thousands of bedded plants are displayed in 
striking combinations of color, it is a mass of brill- 
iant bloom and rich verdure. 

But the sculpture adds little to the charm of the 
place. It is the art of the landscape gardener 
rather than that of the sculptor which excels. Un- 
questionably the Washington statue is the finest of 
all, and it rightly occupies the best position, at the 
junction of se\ era! paths with the central walk, near 
the Arlington-street entrance. Ball happened to be 
at home when he received the contract, and the 
model was erected in his temporary studio, in the 
rear of the Chickering pianoforte factory. His 
work was completed in four years, but in conse- 
quence of the war the casting was deferred for 
some time. Finally it was successfully accom- 
plished by the Ames Company, at Chicopee, and the 
statue placed in position and unveiled with much 
ceremony just ten years after the movement for it 
was begun. Washington is represented at the time 
of middle life, in full Continental uniform, the 
countenance and the attitude of the figure full of 
force and vigor. Horse and rider are both grace- 
ful in outline and strong in character. The head 
of the horse and the arch of its neck are espe- 
cially well modelled. The statue stands twenty- 
two feet high from the heavy granite pedestal, 
itself sixteen feet high. Facing the south a fine 
view of it is had from the Commonwealth-avenue 
parkway. The fund for its purchase was raised by 
popular subscription, an oration by Robert C. 
Winthrop, and a great fair for its benefit, an appro- 
priation of Sio,ooo from the city, and the transfer 
of §5,000 from the surplus of the fund for the 
Everett statue, left after the completion of that 
work. The Everett statue was modelled in Rome 
and cast in Munich. Placed near the Beacon- 
street path and facing the east, the orator is repre- 
sented as standing with his head thrown back, his 
right arm extended and raised, and the hand out- 
spread, in the act, we are told, of making a favorite 
gesture ; but the scoffers declare it the attitude more 
of a base-ball catcher, or, as Wendell Phillips has 
put it, of pointing to " the centre of beef and the 
races," as if he were exclaiming, "That is the road 
to Brighton '. " Good critics, however, have pro- 
nounced it to be a thoroughly studied work but badly 
executed. The popular subscription to the Everett 
statue fund was so generous that of the surplus not 
only were §5,000 transferred to the Washington 
statue fund, but Si 0,000 were given to that for the 
Governor Andrew statue (in the State House), and 
a goodly sum for the portrait of Everett in Faneuil 
Hall. The Sumner statue, also raised by popular 



90 



BOSTON OF 'I'O-DAY. 



subscription, is a disappointment, and in sliarp con- 
trast to the Washington from the same hand ; and 
of the Cass statue the least said the better. It is a 
little figure on a big pedestal. Carved of granite, 
it represents the soldier bareheaded, clad in the full 
dress coat of a colonel of infantry, and high top- 
boots. A sword dangles from the side unhooked. 
The arms are folded across the breast ; the face is 
exjiressionless ; the legs are bent at the knee, 
giving the figure an air of affected jauntiness. It 
recalls the crude, conventional photograi)h of the 
war period. A storm of disapproval and derision 
greeted the work when it was exposed to view, and 
unsuccessful efforts were made to have it declined, 
with thanks, by the city government. It was set up 
by the Society of the Ninth Regiment. The so- 
called Ether monument, which stands near the 
north-west corner of the Garden on the Arlington- 
street side, was the gift of Thomas Lee, the giver 
also of the Hamilton statue.' Its distinguishing 
features are the shapely shaft surmounted by two 
ideal figures illustrating the story of the Good 
Samaritan, and the marble bas-reliefs representing, 
one, a surgical operation in a civic hospital, the 
patient being under the influence of ether ; another, 
the Angel of Mercy descending to relieve suffering 
humanity; a third, the interior of a field hospital, 
showing a wounded soldier in the hands of the sur- 
geons ; and the fourth, an allegory of the Triumph of 
Science. The material used in the monument is 
granite and red marble. The sculptured decorations 
are not the least interesting features of the work. 

The origin of the Public Garden was the " Bo- 
tanic Garden," famous in its day, instituted by 
Horace Gray (the father of Mr. Justice Gray, of 
the United States Supreme Court), and a few other 
gentlemen, in 1S39, who were granted the use of 
this area by the city on condition that no building 
should be erected thereon except a greenhouse and 
tool-house. From a large circus-building, then 
standing near the corner of Charles and Beacon 
streets, they constructed an immense conservatory, 
with galleries in which were displayed many rare 
and beautiful plants, including more than a thou- 
sand camellias, properly classified, and a fine col- 
lection of tropical and European singing-birds. And 
in the small garden near by were displayed quite a 
nursery of ornamental trees, shrubbery, standard 
roses, and other plants. The Botanic Garden 
flourished for several years until the destruction of 
the building, with the entire collection, by fire. 
Mr. (iray was the leading spirit of the enterprise, 
and devoted much of his time and means to it. 

» See chapter on New West End. 



THE THEATRES. 

BOSTON PLAVHOUSES A HUNHRKI) VKARS Ai;o AMI 
THOSE OF T0-i)AV. 

BOSTON may celebrate the centennial anniver- 
sary of the establishment of its first playhouse 
this year, — on Aug. 10, 1892. It was not much 
of a playhouse, this first one, nor did it long pros- 
jier. It was a rude structure on Board alley, now 
Hawley street, — an old stable remodelled. The law 
against " stage-plays and other theatrical entertain- 
ments," first enacted in 1750 and reenacted 1784, 
was still in force, although unpopular with many of 
the influential townspeople who had long striven 
for its repeal, and the projectors of the new ven- 
ture called it " The New Exhibition Room." The 
performances, given by a band of London come- 
dians, under the management of Joseph Harper, a 
member of the company of Hallam & Henry, who 
had successfully established playhouses in New 
York and Philadelphia, were announced as " moral 
lectures." Drake in his " Old Lanilmarks " has 
preserved the bill for the opening night. This 
offered first " Feats of Agility " by " Monsieurs " 
Placide and Martin, Mons. Placide to " dance a 
Hornpipe on a Tight- rope, play the violin in various 
attitudes, and jump over a cane backwards and for- 
wards." Then " an introductory address by Mr. 
Harper," " Singing by Mr. Wools," more " feats of 
activity," " tumbling by Mons. Placide and Martin, 
who will make somersetts backward over a table, 
chair, etc.," and " Mons. Martin will exhibit several 
feats on the Slack Rope ; " next " The Gallery 
of Portraits on the World as it Goes, delivered 
by Mr. Harper ; " and the concluding feature, " a 
dancing Ballet called The Bird Catcher, with the 
Minuet de la Cour and the Gavot." This opening 
bill, says Col. W. W. Clapp, in the " Memorial His- 
tory," " was rather a tentative performance to test 
the patience of those in favor of enforcing the pro- 
hibitory law, for it was more of the nature of a 
modern variety show than a dramatic ]:)erform- 
ance ; " and its success emboldened the manage- 
ment openly to bring out as "lectures" some of 
the best-known plays of the time. Thus, as Col. 
Clapp recalls, Otway's "Venice Preserved" was 
announced as a " moral lecture in five parts," " in 
which the dreadful effects of conspiracy will be ex- 
emplified;" Garrick's farce of "Lethe" was pro- 
duced as a " satirical lecture, by Mr. Watts and Mr. 
and Mrs. Solomon ; " Shakspere's plays announced 



BOSION OF rO-DAV. 



in the same slight disguise were presented, and 
n •■ moral lecture in five parts," " wherein the 
pernicious tendency of libertinism will be exempli- 
fied in the tragical history of George Barnwell ; or, 
the London Merchant," by " Messrs. Harper, Mor- 
ris, Watts, Murray, Solomon, Redfield, Miss Smith, 
Mrs. Solomon, and Mrs. Grey." Governor Hancock 
was greatly annoyed by this defiance of the law, 
and referred to it in his message to the Legislature ; 
and attempts were also made to procure an indict- 
ment from the grand jury. At length a warrant 
was obtained for the arrest of Harper and others of 
the company, and on the evening of Dec. 5, 1792, 
in the midst of the performance of one of Shak- 
spere's " moral lectures," Sheriff Allen appeared 
upon the stage and arrested Harper, who was play- 
ing, or " delivering," the leading part. The audi- 
ence, in full sympathy with the " playactors," raised 
a little tumult, displayed their indignation by tear- 
ing down the portrait of Hancock, which hung in 
front of the stage-box, with the State arms, and 
trampling them under foot. At the hearing next day 
at Faneuil Hall Harper was defended by Harrison 
Gray Otis, and his discharge was secured on a 
technicality. After this, performances continued at 
"The Exhibition Room" without interruption from 
the authorities ; but they were given only at intervals 
until the spring of 1793, when, the movement for 
the erection of the Federal-street Theatre having 
advanced, the enterprise was abandoned. 

This is the brief story of the rise and fall of the 
first playhouse in Boston. But the first attempt at 
" playacting " here was more than forty years before 
the opening of " The New Exhibition Room." It 
was, to be exact, in the early part of 1750. The 
performance was by "a company of gentlemen," — 
two Englishmen and local volunteers, — and the 
play Otway's " Orphan ; or, Unhappy Marriage." It 
was given in the British Coffee House on State, 
then King, street; and it was this performance 
that led to the passage of the act prohibiting 
"stage plays and other theatrical entertainments" 
which became law in March of that year. Later, 
during the Siege, when Faneuil Hall was used as a 
playhouse by the British officers, aided by a " Society 
for Promoting Theatrical Amusement," composed 
of Tory citizens, several plays were performed by 
soldiers as actors before crowded audiences. The 
most ambitious attempt of that season was the per- 
formance by some British officers of " The Blockade 
of Boston," a play written by (leneral Burgoyne ; 
and it is related that this was suddenly interrupted 
and the audience scattered in consternation by the 
startling report brought in by a sergeant that the 



" Yankees are attacking our works in Charlestown " 
and " the officers are ordered to their posts." 

In the Federal-street Theatre enterprise some of 
the foremost citizens of the town were concerned. 
Although the repeal of the prohibitory law had not 
been secured, public sentiment in favor of the 
drama had greatly strengthened, and the opening of 
the new playhouse, on the evening of Feb. 4, 
1794, was the event of the season. It was a sub- 
stantial structure, of which the townspeople had 
every reason to be proud. Designed by Bulfinch, 
it was the finest playhouse in the country. It was 
built of brick walls, with Corinthian pilasters and 
columns decorating the front and rear, an arcade in 
front which served as a carriage entrance, a broad 
" saloon " from the main entrance, a generous 
interior, circular in form, the ceiling composed of 
elliptic arches resting on Corinthian columns, two 
rows of boxes, the second tier hung with crimson 
silk, and a roomy stage flanked by two columns. 
The interior decorations were tasteful, the walls 
painted azure and the columns straw and lilac 
color; and over the stage, with the arms of the 
State and the youthful nation, was the motto " All 
the World's a Stage." There were ample exits, 
large retiring-rooms, and also, at one end of the 
building, a large ball-room. The site of the 
theatre is now occupied by the establishment of 
Jones, McDuffee, & Stratton, on the north-east corner 
of Federal and Franklin streets. 

The Federal-street started upon its career under 
the management of Charles Stuart Powell and 
Baker, the directors of the stock company owning it 
having a supervising management. The bill of the 
opening night was the tragedy " Gustavus Vasa, the 
Deliverer of his Country," and the farce "Modern 
Antiques ; or, the Merry Mourners." The prologue 
was written by Robert Treat Paine, and delivered 
by Mr. Powell in the character of Apollo. The 
company came from England. The performances 
began generally at six o'clock in the evening, the 
house being opened a half-hour before. Ill-fortune 
attended the enterprise, partly due, evidently, to the 
fact that the management was hampered by the 
directors, and at the end of the season, June, 1795, 
it was bankrupt. Subsequently Messrs. Powell and 
Baker retired, and early in 1793, on the 2d of 
Febmary, when under the management of Barrett 
and Harper, the house was destroyed by fire, only 
the walls left standing. It was, however, immedi- 
ately rebuilt, and reopened on October 29 of the 
same year, under the management of Mr. Hodgkin- 
son, the opening bill being " Wives as They \\'ere." 
The next vear George L. Barrett was the manager. 



92 



BOSTON OF^ TO-DAV, 



With many changes in the management, and witli 
varying fortunes, the house was conchu-ted until 
1833. Then, a reaction having set in against the 
drama, it was leased to a society known as " The 
F'ree Inqiurers," who converted it into a lecture- 
room. The next year it came into the possession 
of the " Academy of Music," an institution formed 
in lanuarv, 1833, by Lowell Mason and others, fur 
instructicin in vocal and instrument;! 1 music, and 
it was called " The Odeon." On Sundays, religious 
services were held in the building. Then, later on, 
in 1846, it was again reestablished as a theatre, 
under a lease to Charles R. Thorne. About four or 
five years later the property was sold and the 
building demolished to make room for the advance 
of business. 

Thus the old Federal-street Theatre, or "The 
Boston," as it was formerly called, and sometimes 
"The Old Drury," had a career briUiantly, if not 
always financially, successful, of nearly sixty years. 
Upon its boards appeared some of the most noted 
actors of the time, among them the elder Wallack, 
Thomas A. Cooper, James Fennel, Edwin Forrest, 
the elder Booth, Edmund Kean, Henry J. Finn 
(who perished in the steamer " Lexington " disaster 
in Long Island Sound, Jan. 13, 1840), the first 
Charles Matthews, McCready, and so on. Here oc- 
curred the famous Kean riot, on the second visit of 
the actor to America, in T825. Local opinion hav- 
ing been aroused because he had refused, during 
his previous engagement, to appear before a thin 
house, he was driven from the stage by a crowd in- 
side the theatre, while a little mob which had gath- 
ered outside forced their way in and smashed some 
of the furniture. No one, however, was seriously 
hurt, the riot act was read, and the demonstration 
ended. Kean hastily left the theatre, fleeing to a 
hotise in Roxbury, and the next morning went to 
New York, shaking the dust of Boston forever from 
his feet. 

The next theatre established was the Haymarket, 
on Tremont street, the site of which is covered by 
the auditorum of the present Tremont Theatre. 
It was set up as a rival to the Federal-street, and 
was opened on the evening of Dec. 26, 1796, 
under the management of Charles Powell, the Fed- 
eral-street's first manager. It was a great wooilen 
building, with unattractive exterior but admirably 
arranged interior. There were three tiers of boxes, 
a gallery, and pit, and the inevitable " saloon " 
from the entrance. The opening bill was " The 
Belle's Stratagem," with the Powells in leading 
parts. Although several actors and actresses fa- 
mous in their day appeared on its boards, its 



career was not a successful one, certanily from the 
financial point of view, and after an existence of 
seven short years it was abandoned and torn down. 
Thereafter the F"ederal- street was the only theatre 
in the town until 1823, when the City Theatre was 
0|)ened in the Washington tiardens, a jilace for 
sunniier entertainments, first opened in 18 ig, which 
occupied the land midway between Winter and 
West streets, enclosed within a high brick wall. 
The playhouse was constructed from the amphi- 
theatre here, which was in the rear of the lot now 
occupied by St. Paul's Church, and was so arranged 
that it could easily be transformed into a circus, and 
such entertainments were frequently given in it. 
lOarly in its brief and uneventful history its name 
was changed to the Washington Theatre, and again 
to Vaux-Hall. 

Four years later, in 1827, the most interesting 
of all the early playhouses of Boston was established. 
This was the first Tremont Theatre, the site of 
which is now occupied by the Tremont Temple. 
It was a small playhouse designed by Isaiah Thomas, 
the architect of the Tremont House, which was 
built the following year. From the arched entrance- 
doors in the granite front opened a wide hall, simi- 
lar to that in the old Federal-street, with staircase 
ascending to the boxes of the dress circle, ample 
lobbies for promenade, and the usual saloon, in 
which public dinners were sometimes given, — a 
notable one being on the occasion of the laying of 
the corner-stone of the Tremont House, — and the 
interior was attractive and well arranged. The 
house was opened on the evening of September 
24. The opening bill was " Wives as They W'ere, 
and Maids as They Are," and the farce of " The 
Lady and the Devil," with a prize address read 
by the flimous comedian, W. R. Blake, before 
the comedy. From the first it maintained a 
high standard. Here Charlotte Cushman made 
her d6but, on April 8, 1S35. Here also Fanny 
Kemble first appeared before a Boston audience, 
Fanny EUsler danced, and among others known to 
histrionic fame were J. Sheridan Knowles, James E. 
Murdock, John Gilbert, Ellen Tree, John \'anden- 
hoff, Buckstone, and Henry J. Finn. The old 
Tremont is also renowned as the first playhouse in 
Boston in which operas were produced. William 
Pelby was the first manager, and others who suc- 
ceeded him included Junius Brutus Booth, for a 
short time only, Richard Russell, and Thomas 
Barry. After an experience of twenty years of 
varied fortunes, sometimes prosperous but more 
frequently unprofitable, the theatre was sold to the 
Baptists for religious purposes, and on the 2jd of 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



93 



lune. 1.S4:;, the l:ist pcrlnrniance was given within 
its walls. It was then transformed into the Tre^ 
niont Temple. 

Next was established the U'arren, whirh Mr. 
Pelby, the first manager of the Tremont, opened 
on the evening of July 3, 1832. It was a small 
wooden building on Travers street, the " Ameri- 
can Amphitheatre" (built in 1831 for circus 
shows) remodelled. The enterprise proved so suc- 
cessful that four years later a new house was built, 
and this was opened on Aug. 5, 1836, as the 
National Theatre. The National was another inter- 
esting old-time playhouse, and it is often recalled 
in the pleasant reminiscences of old Bostonians 
who are yet with us. It stood on Portland street, 
near the corner of Travers, where is now an ex- 
tensive horse and carriage mart. It was destroyed 
by fire on April 22, 1852, but was rebuilt and 
opened on November i of the same year. In the 
years that followed its titles underwent several 
changes ; for a time it was called Willard's National, 
then the People's National, and in 1862, when it 
degenerated into a variety theatre. Union Concert 
Hall. On March 24, 1863, it was again burned, 
and was never rebuilt as a playhouse. Thomas 
Harry was at one time its manager, when the thea- 
tre was devoted to the " legitimate." 

The land occupied by the present Gaiety and 
Bijou Theatre on Washington street has long been 
held by playhouses, the first being the Lion Theatre, 
o|iened on Jan. 11, 1836. In the year 1839 
this was changed into a lecture hall and called the 
Mechanics' Institute. In the same year it was 
secured by the Handel and Haydn Society and 
the name again changed to the Melodeon, and in 
1 844 it was reconverted into a temporary theatre 
for the engagement of Macready and Charlotte 
Cushman. Thereafter, for many years, it was used 
as a concert and lecture hall, and also for minstrel 
shows and amateur theatricals. During the Na- 
tional Sailors' Fair, held in the Boston Theatre in 
1864, a series of brilliant amateur performances 
was given in this hall for the benefit of that enter- 
prise. Then for a time the place was occupied as 
a billiard hall, known as the Melodeon, and in 1878 
it was converted into the Gaiety Theatre, under the 
management of Mr. Jason Wentworth. On the 
Gaiety stage were first produced here in Boston 
many of the comic operas which have since become 
so popular. " The Mascot " was first given here, 
also " Billee Taylor; " and " Olivette " received one 
of its first performances in Boston at this house. 
In 1882 the theatre was entirely remodelled into 
the dainty liijou, Cleorge H. Wetherell, architect. 



The Bijou was opened on the evening of December 
1 1 , that year, with the first performance in Boston 
of Gilbert and Sullivan's " lolanthe." It was con- 
tinued with varying fortunes as a theatre for light 
opera until 1886, when it was leased by B. F. Keith, 
who subsequently enlarged it into the Gaiety and 
Bijou, conducting a museum in connection with it. 

The Eagle Theatre, on the corner of Haverhill 
and Travers streets, first opened in June, 1842, 
under the able, inanagement of Wyzeman Marshall, 
lived less than a year. Mr. Marshall secured a 
strong coinpany, and established such popular prices 
that the place proved a serious rival to the old 
National Theatre near by. Accordingly Mr. Pelby, 
the manager of the latter, having obtained a part 
interest in the Eagle, proceeded one night to make 
changes in the house, by sawing away a part of 
the roof directly over the stage, thus rendering the 
building useless. The last performance was given 
in March, 1843. 

Brougham & Bland's Boston Adelphi, on Court 
street, between Cornhill and Brattle street, opened 
in 1847, also had a brief career, closing in 1850. 
During the latter part of its existence it was known 
as the Adelphi Saloon, and was devoted to minstrel 
entertainments. Bland's I>yceum, on Sudbury street, 
near Court, struggled through five years, opening late 
in 1848 and closing early in the year of 1854. For 
a time it was called the Eagle Theatre, then the 
Odeon, and again Goodall & Olwine's American 
Theatre, and under its various managers it furnished 
almost every kind of dramatic and variety enter- 
tainment. The Dramatic Museum, on Beach street, 
near the United States Hotel, opened in 1848, with 
Joseph Proctor as manager. Then in 1849 Charles 
R. Thorne, Sr., took the house and called it Thome's 
American Museum; but this dignified title it re- 
tained only a few weeks, when it became the Beach- 
street Museum. In its last days it was known as 
the Olympic, and it expired in 1850. 

The Aquarial Gardens, on Central court, off 
Washington street, opened in i860 by James A. 
Cutting, had an interesting career. The house was 
early secured by P. T. Barnum, who gave animal 
exhibitions and dramatic performances here until 
1863. Then it was called Andrew's Hall, and used 
for balls and fairs. Subsequendy, in October, 1865, 
Jason Wentworth reopened it as the Theatre Co- 
mique, having as his stars James S. Maffit and W. 
H. Bartholomew, the famous clown and pantaloon. 
I'our prosperous seasons of variety performances, 
pantomiine, and light spectacular shows followed. 
It was hero that Mile. Morlachi created such a 
furore ; often in the e\enings when she appeared 



94 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Washington street was lined with private carriages, 
and her audiences included the fashionable folk of 
the city, charmed by her graceful dancing. Next, 
in 1869, John Stetson leased the little theatre, 
and named it the New Adelphi. Burlesques and 
variety shows were the principal attractions under 
his management. Finally the house was destroyed 
by fire on a bitter cold Saturday night, Feb. 4, 
i87i,the fire starting soon after the audience had 
left the building. The site has since been used for 
business purposes. 

The old Continental Theatre stood at the corner 
of Washington and Har\-ard streets, on the site of 
the old Apollo Gardens. It opened on Jan. r, 
1866, under the management of " Lon " Morris. 
During its second season the late E. L. Davenport 
was the manager, and it was during his regime that 
the famous " Black Crook" was first produced with 
extraordinary success. It was at this house, on 
April 13, 1868, that Fanny Janauschek made her 
first appearance in Boston. Subsequently the name 
was changed to Willard's Theatre, and later, on 
Oct. 21, 1868, the playhouse was opened as the 
Olympic, by Madam Janauschek, on the occasion of 
her second engagement in Boston. From this time 
on its career was checkered, its fortunes rising and 
falling under its many managers. On Aug. 14, 
1 87 1, it was opened as the St. James Theatre, and 
in November of the following year its career ended. 

Morris Brothers' Opera House, which stood on 
Washington street, opposite Milk, on the site of the 
old Province House, was once a fashionable place of 
amusement. It opened in 1852 as Ordway's Hall, 
under the management of Dr. John P. Ordway. 
" Lon " Morris, " Billy " Morris, and other famous 
minstrels of the day were in the company, and here 
it was that P. S. (iilmore, the well-known band-mas- 
ter, began his professional career by playing on the 
tambourine as an end-man. Some misunderstand- 
ing between Dr. Ordway and the Morris Brothers 
resulted in the opening by the latter of the School- 
street Opera House, near Niles' Block, in 1858. 
The new house proving a dangerous rival to Dr. 
Ordway, an arrangement was effected between the 
disputants, and the Washington-street establishment 
thereafter was known as the Morris Brothers, Pell & 
Trowbridge's Opera House. In 1869 it was sold, 
and the next season reopened as the Lyceum ; then, 
after a short life, it was abandoned as a theatre and 
remodelled for business purposes. 

The new 'Fremont Theatre, in the Studio Building, 
on Treniont street, was remodelled from Allston 
Hall, and opened as a theatre on Feb. 9, 1863, 
under the management of Mrs. Jane English, with 



a ballet and pantomime troupe. The excellent 
performances of Guignet's French company subse- 
quently given here will be recalled by many Bosto- 
nians. For a brief period E. L. Davenport and J. W. 
Wallack were managers of the house, but notwith- 
standing the high character of the dramatic work 
done here, it was not a prosperous theatre. It was 
finally converted into a hall for pedestrian matches, 
and is now used for a retail carpet-store. 

These were the leading theatres of the past, but 
there were a host of minor places that flourished for 
a brief while and then dropped out of sight : such 
as the Vaudeville Saloon, opened in 1 840 ; the 
Olympic Saloon, 1841 ; New School-street Opera 
House, afterwards Bovvdoin Theatre, 1858; Buck- 
ley's Minstrel Hall, 1863; Germania Theatre, 1876; 
Palais Royal, 1878; Gray's Opera House, 1878; 
Alhambra, 1878; Forest Garden, 1879; Park Gar- 
den, 1879; Siege of Paris Opera House, 1879: 
LInion's Opera House, 1879 ; Ocean Garden, 18S0 ; 
and Halleck's Alhambra, 1880. 

The theatres of the Boston of To-day equal 
those of any city in the country, and while some of 
them first opened their doors many years ago, they 
are yet thoroughly modern playhouses. The oldest 
theatre-building is the Howard Athenseum, on the 
south side of Howard street. On the site was once 
a fashionable boarding-house, in which (Jovernor 
Eustis died in 1825. Later there was erected here 
an ill-shaped wooden building for the use of the 
Second Adventists, known as the Millerites, and it 
was called Miller's Tabernacle. Subsequently this 
was purchased and remodelled ; and here the first 
Howard Athena5uni was opened on Oct. 13, 1845. 
In February, 1846, the structure was burned, and in 
its place the present theatre was built, and opened in 
October of the same year. It has always been a 
successful house, and in its earlier days, when chiefly 
devoted to the legitimate drama, it was patronized 
by the best people of the town. Among its mana- 
gers have been John Brougham, Charles R. Thome, 
Wyzeman Marshall, Henry Willard, J. M. Field, John 
Gilbert, E. L. Davenport, Isaac B. Rich, J. C. Trow- 
bridge, Josh Hart, John Stetson, Benjamin F. Tryon, 
and Fred Stinson and William Harris. Since 1868 
variety entertainments have been its chief attrac- 
tions, but dramas, generally of the lurid type, have 
occasionally been presented on its boards. Its pres- 
ent manager, William Harris, has successfully con- 
ducted the house since 1879. The Howard will 
seat about fifteen hundred in its well-arranged 
orchestra, orchestra circle, and two balconies, the 
upper one devoted to the gallery gods. The stage, 
although somewhat compact, is admirably ajipointed. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



The Boston i\[usenm is in one sense the oldest 
theatre in the city. The enterprise was originally 
started in 1841 by Moses Kimball, in a building 
which occupied the site of the present Horticult- 
ural Hall on the same street. It was for some 
years called the Boston Museum and Gallery of 
Fine Arts, but theatrical performances in the " lect- 
ure-room " formed the chief attraction. Here the 
late Adelaide Phillips made her first appearance 
on the stage, as a dancer; and here, in 1843, the 
first regular dramatic company was established. 
The present Museum — built of granite, with three 
stories of round arched windows, and its front still 
" adorned by elegant balconies and rows of ground- 
glass globes like enormous pearls, which, at night, 
are luminous with gas," as described by a local 
historian thirty years ago — dates from 1846. It 
opened on November 2 of that year, so that while 
as a dramatic institution it is senior in age, as a 
playhouse it is second to the Howard Athensum. 
Probably no stage in the country has produced 
such an array of famous actors and actresses as 
this. Such names as William Warren, Edwin Booth, 
Miss Kate Reignolds, Mrs. J. R. Vincent, Miss 
Helen Weston, the Mestayer Sisters, Miss Annie 
Clarke, Miss Marie Wainwright, the senior E. I.. 
Davenport and Mrs. Davenport, L. R. Shewell, 
W. J. LeMoyne, Eben Plympton, Charles Baron, 
with a host of others as well known, appear in its 
list of stock-company members ; and many brill- 
iant stars have shone upon its boards. E. F. 
Keach, the favorite leading-man for several seasons, 
was the stage manager from 1859 until his death, 
Jan. 31, 1864. Mr. R. M. Field, the present man- 
ager, assumed control of the business Feb. 15, 
1864. The building covers twenty thousand square 
feet of land. The auditorium has four times been 
remodelled, the last time in 1880, when the interior 
was practically rebuilt, and it is now one of the 
finest playhouses in the city. It is supplied with 
all the modern apparatus for the comfort and 
safety of its patrons, and the decorations of the 
ceiling and proscenium arch, the work of the Boston 
artist, I. M. Gaugengigl, are gratifying to the artis- 
tic sense. The house has a double balcony and 
six stage-boxes, and will seat fifteen hundred per- 
sons. The Museum hall yet contains its collec- 
tion of time-honored curiosities, somewhat ancient, 
it is true, but still attractive to country visitors ; but 
the real attraction is the stage, where the best of 
dramatic performances are given. Two memorable 
events at the Museum within recent years were 
the celebrations of the fiftieth anniversaries of the 
first appearances on the stage of William \\'arren 



and of Mrs. J. R. Vincent. The former occurred on 
Saturday, Oct. 28, 1882, when the cherished come- 
dian was seventy years old. The two performances 
were attended by audiences of marked distinction. 
A feature was the first public exhibition of the por- 
trait of Warren, painted by F. P. Vinton, which is 
now in the Art Museum. Mr. Warren also received 
a " loving cup," the gift of a number of his profes- 
sional friends. The testimonial to Mrs. Vincent, on 
April 25, 1885, was an equally notable occasion, 
and a fitting tribute to the genius and worth of 
the favorite actress. 

The Boston Theatre is one of the largest play- 
houses in the country. Although its exterior is not 
in keeping with the showy business stractures in the 
vicinity, its interior is grand in proportions and fin- 
ish. Its career dates from the nth of September, 
1854, when it was owned by a stock company and 
placed under the management of the late Thomas 
Barry. Mr. Wyzeman Marshall succeeded Mr. Barry, 
and was manager for about a year and a half. The 
house then passed into the control ot B. W. Thayer 
and Orlando Tompkins, and the management was 
in the hands of Henry C. Jarrett for two years ; 
then J. B. Booth had the direction of affairs for a 
term of five years. In 1878 Eugene Tompkins (son 
uf Orlando) assumed the duties of acting manager, 
and on the death of his father, in 1885, became 
joint proprietor with Noble H. Hill, who had suc- 
ceeded Mr. Thayer (1875). The following year 
the entire control of the theatre passed to Mr. 
Tompkins, and he has ably maintained it as a play- 
house of the first class. His elaborate productions, 
enjoying long runs, have been notable. " The Ex- 
iles," " Michael Strogoff," " The World," " Jalma," 
" Zanita," " Run of Luck," " The Soudan," and " The 
Old Homestead " will live in our dramatic annals as 
evidences of his prescience, liberality, and capacity 
to provide entertainment for the New England pub- 
lic. The construction of the Boston is more elabo- 
rate in every detail than any modern theatre, for the 
reason that it was erected at a time when the cost 
of building was much less than at the present day, 
and the promoters of the enterprise, having suf- 
ficient funds at their disposal, spared no expense in 
any department of the work. As a result it is, from 
pit to dome, commodious and substantial, with spa- 
cious lobbies, broad staircases, large retiring-rooms, 
and every comfort for its patrons. Extending from 
AVashington street through to Mason street, it affords 
a convenient rear-entrance for those using carriages, 
as well as ample access to the stage. The audi- 
torium is 90 feet in diameter, and reaches a 
height of 54 feet, and the house will seat over 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



97 



three thousand persons. It is ilhiminated with the 
electric light, which displays to the best advantage 
the tasteful coloring of the walls. There are three 
balconies and six proscenium boxes. Behind the 
curtain is found the same completeness of detail. 
The stage has a depth of about 75 feet, from 
the footlights, and a height of 66 feet to the 
fly floor, and the curtain-opening is 48 by 41 
feet. Every precaution against fire has been 
taken in the provision of thick brick partitions, 
an iron curtain, and a complete system of sprinklers, 
stand-pipes, and fire-hose. Ample accommodations 
in the way of dressing-rooms are provided, and below 
the stage, where there is an apartment 30 feet high, 
are the rooms for the members of the orchestra, 
supernumeraries, dressing-rooms, and stage machin- 
ery. The architect of the building was E. C. Cabot. 
Besides the special productions of the management, 
grand opera is given here, and on its ample 
stage during the past quarter of a century the most 
famous singers have appeared. A number of grand 
balls and fairs have also been held in this theatre, 
notable among the former being those in honor of 
the Prince of Wales and of the Russian Duke Alexis, 
and among the latter that in aid of the Sanitary 
Commission, the National Sailors' Fair, and the 
French fair. Mr. Tompkins has associated with him 
on the managerial staff H. A. McGlenen and other 
able men who have done much towards making the 
house the success it is. 

The Globe Theatre, first known as Sehvyn's 
Theatre, was built in 1867 by Dexter H. Follet and 
the late Arthur Cheney. It is one of the most at- 
tractive playhouses in Boston. John H. Selwyn, who 
gave it its first name, was its first manager. In 
i86g Mr. Follet retired and Mr. Cheney assumed 
the sole management. It was at the beginning of 
the season of 1871-72 that the name was changed 
to "The Globe." The late Charles Fechter was at 
the same time made manager. He continued in 
this position, however, but a few months, when he 
was succeeded by the late W. R. Floyd. On May 
30, 1873, Decoration Day, the theatre was burned 
in the serious fire which then raged in this section 
of the city, destroying several squares of buildings. 
A new house on a larger scale — the present one 
— was immediately built by Mr. Cheney and one 
hundred and fifty associates, and this was brilliantly 
opened Dec. 3, 1874, with D. W. Waller as the 
manager. The following season the famous stock- 
company, including among its members George 
Honey, John Cowper, Harry Murdock, Owen Mar- 
lowe, Katherine Rogers, Lillian Conway, Mrs. Clara 
F. Maeder, and others, was organized, and a suc- 



cession of brilliant English comedies was given, 
among them being "Our Boys," and other produc- 
tions from the pen of Henry Byron. All of the brill- 
iant men and most of the women in that comi)any 
have passed away, and of the entire band not one is 
upon the stage to-day. From Dec. 30, 1S76, to 
March 12, 1877, the theatre was remodelled under 
the direction of the city building-inspectors, and in 
the autumn of that year it was opened by John Stet- 
son. In 1880 Mr. Stetson made satisfactory ar- 
rangements with the stockholders and reconstructed 
the interior of the house, bringing it more into 
keeping with the modern style of playhouses. He 
has an able corps of assistants, and under his direc- 
tion it has had a prosperous career. During his 
regime there have been many brilliant engagements 
here, among them those of the late Adelaide Neilson, 
Sarah Bernhardt, Salvini, and seasons of English 
and Italian opera. The Globe has a seating 
capacity of two thousand two hundred. It has an 
unusually deep first balcony and large and small pri- 
vate boxes luxuriously upholstered. The stage is fur- 
nished with all modern appliances, and the front of 
the house has every convenience in the way of spa- 
cious lobbies, broad staircases, smoking and retiring 
rooms. There are three entrances, one on \\ash- 
ington street, another on Essex street, and the third 
on Hayward place. The interior decorations are es- 
pecially rich, and show to advantage under the elec- 
tric light by which the house is illuminated. The 
architect of the Globe was B. F. Dwight. 

The Park Theatre, opposite the Globe, was opened 
April 14, 1879. It ocoipies the site of the old Beet- 
hoven Hall. Though compact, it will seat about twelve 
hundred persons, and it is thoroughly equipped, be- 
fore and behind the curtain, as a first-class playhouse. 
The auditorium is provided with orchestra, two bal- 
conies, and four boxes, and every seat commands a 
good view of the stage. The interior decorations 
are quiet and tasteful. Three broad doors afiford 
ample means of exit. The opening bill was " La 
Cigale," with -Lotta in the title role. The house 
was conducted by Henry E. Abbey and John B. 
Schoeffel from the opening until the season of 1889. 
Then the management was assumed by J. A. Crab- 
tree, a brother of Lotta, who owns the theatre. 

The Hollis-street Theatre, one of the later addi- 
tions to the playhouses of Boston, is built upon the 
site of the old Hollis-street Church. It was opened 
on the 9th of November, 1885, with the first pres- 
entation here of Gilbert and Sullivan's " Mikado," 
which was given with a brilliant caste. The theatre 
covers about thirteen thousand square feet, and 
with its two balconies, six stage boxes, and broad 



gS BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 

orchestra, will seat about sixteen hundred and fifty ],ondon company in "David Clarrick." It is 
persons. The interior is finished in ivory and gold, one of the largest playhouses in the city, covering 
producing a handsome and striking effect under the an area of 18,017 square feet. The auditorium is 




rERIOR VIEW OF HOLLIS-STREET THEATRE. 



electric light, and the upholstering, both of the 
auditorium and of the different parlors and retiring- 
rooms, is especially rich and tasteful. The prosce- 
nium arch is 41 by 38 feet, and the stage has 
a depth of 40 by 74 feet, affording ample facilities 
for almost any class of stage production. A hand- 
somely decorated foyer gives entrance to the 
orchestra and first balcony. The building is the 
property of R. B. Brigham, and the theatre 
has been under the management of Isaac B. Rich 
since its establishment. John R. Hall was the 
architect. 

A yet younger theatre is the Tremont, on Tre- 
mont street, opposite the Common, which, as has 
already been recalled, stands on the site of the old 
Haymarket Theatre. It was brilliantly opened on 
the night of Oct. 14, 1889, under the management 
of Henry E. Abbey and John B. Schoefifel, the 
former lessees of the Park, for whom it was built, 
the attraction being Charles \\'yndham's excellent 



75 feet high, of the same width, and So feet 
deep from the stage front to the back wall ; 
the stage is 73 by 45 feet, with a height of 69 
feet to the rigging-loft; and the lobby with the 
vestibule is no feet long, 27 wide, and 18 high. 
The auditorium is fashioned on the plan of a 
mammoth shell, the lines of vision radiating, 
so to speak, from the inner surface to the stage 
centre. There are no absolutely flat surfaces of 
any length on the main floor. The hearing as 
well as the sight gains by this arrangement. There 
is a graceful sweep to the first balcony, and the ten 
private boxes, — four on the first floor, four on the 
second, and two on the third, — richly ornamented 
with brasswork and trimmed with sage-green silk- 
plush draperies relieved by white lace, add a novel 
effect to the interior. The decoration of the main 
ceiling is modernized Renaissance treated in Gobe- 
lin-tapestry effect ; the coloring of the walls grows 
deeper and deeper until the lowest wall forms the 



liOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



99 



foundation, of which the ascent is in harmonizing 
shades. The coloring of the woodwork and papier- 
mache of the proscenium arch, of the bo.xes and 
cohimns, is in antique ivory, and this is supple- 
mented by the effect of metal upon the wainscoting 
and the doors leading from the auditorium. The 
foyer, lobby, and vestibule are also highly deco- 
rated with an artistic blending of colors. The 
work of construction has been thorough through- 
out, and every precaution against fire has been 
taken. A newly invented fire-proof material has 
been applied to every part of the woodwork, and to 
all curtains and portieres. Stand-pipes are beneath 
the stage and in the proscenium arch, so arranged 
that a water-curtain, or sheet of water, can be 
quickly thrown, completely separating the stage and 
auditorium. There is also a system of electric door- 
openers, by means of which the auditorium can be 
quickly cleared. The architects of the Tremont 
were J. B. McElfatrick & Sons, of New York. Of 
the two proprietors Mr. Schoeffel is the resident 
manager, and he has an exceptionally able staff, 
with William Seymour as acting and stage manager, 
and Nathaniel Childs as business manager. 

The (irand Opera House is the farthest up- town 
theatre. In point of seating capacity it is one of 
the largest, seating two thousand six hundred per- 
sons. It was built in the fall of 1887, in part from a 
skating-rink which had occupied the site, and from 
basement to roof great care was taken in its con- 
struction to make it practically fire-proof The 
arrangement of the house also is such that in 
case of a sudden emergency the auditorium can be 
cleared in unusually quick time. It is large and 
roomy, and the seats in the orchestra and the t\M> 
balconies are so skilfully arranged that a good 
view of the stage is obtained from each one. 
The stage is 80 by 50 feet, and the prosce- 
nium arch 36 by 40 feet. The space behiml 
the curtain contains ample dressing-rooms and 
all the appliances necessary for any kind of 
])roduction. The house is lighted by electricity, 
which shows the interior decorations to the besi 
advantage. The ornamented lobby is the large>i 
of any theatre in the country. The Cirand Opera 
was opened for the first time on the evening 
of the 9th of Januar)', 1888, with a gorgeous pro- 
duction of " The Arabian Nights." Messrs. Proctor 
and Mansfield, who conduct theatrical enterprises 
in various cities, are the proprietors and managers. 

The Columbia, completed in 1891, presents the 
most ambitious facade. Occupying an ample lot 
on the corner of \\"ashington and Mott streets, it 
rises mnjesticnlly above its neit,'hl)ors and attracts 



attention by its uncommon design. It follows the 
Moorish style, with stately arches and heavy towers. 
The material used is pressed brick and terra-cotta, 
supported by cast-iron columns and arches, and the 
towers and cornices are of copper. The auditorium, 
reached through the lobby extending entirely across 
the front and decorated with stereo-relief work, 
combines the elements of spaciousness and cosi- 
ness. The dainty loges for theatre parties, four 
on the main floor and two in the first balcony, 
heighten the effect of the interior arrangement, 
and the two balconies are well designed. In the 
decorations, buffs, creams, and salmon are the pre- 




EXTERIOR 



A THEATRE. 



vailing tints, with gold brtin/e. The proscenium, 
with its lofty arch and the pairs of tasselled col- 
umns on either side, is not the least effective 
feature of the interior. The stage is 50 feet 
deep ; width from wall to wall, ] 1 feet ; the 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



first fly gallery, 30 feet ; second fly gallery, 7 1 
feet; and the gridiron is 75 feet above the 
stage. It is thoroughly equipped with every 
contrivance for producing modern plays and pre- 
senting stage effects. In an annex to the main 
structure are scene-rooms and dressing-rooms. 
The house is lighted by electricity, the lights ar- 
ranged in brilliant groups in which a great chan- 
delier is made up of Maltese crosses. There are 
abundant exits. Leon H. Lampert & Son, of 
Rochester, N.Y., were the architects of the theatre. 
The building is owned by J. J. Grace, and the 
managers of the theatre are \\'illiam Harris and 
Charles F. Atkinson. It opened on the evening 
of Oct. 5, 1 89 1, with the performance of " Men 
and Women," by Charles Frohman's New York 
Comedy Company. 

The newest theatre, the Bowdoin Sijuare, is 
striking in plan and decoration. From the main 
entrance, under a handsomely curved arch with 
borderings of rosettes, an electric light glowing 
from the middle of each, the auditorium is reached 
through the long vestibule, richly panelled and wain- 
scoted, and the highly ornamented lobby, with 
elliptic arched ceiling, heavily panelled, the floors 
of mosaic, and the decorations in old ivory and 
gold, the prevailing tints of the interior. From 
the lobby- at each end handsome staircases rise to 
the balcony floor, and doors open to extra exits, and 
to the cloak and toilet rooms and the ladies' parlor, 
the latter a daintily designed and furnished apart- 
ment. The arrangement of the auditorium re- 
sembles that of its sister theatre, the Columbia; 
the style of boxes is the same, and the series of 
loges u])on the level of the balcony are provided. 
Upon either side of the box are pilasters, and 
around the bases groups of figures. The chairs, 
upholstered in salmon mohair plush, are roomy 
and comfortable, and behind the rail in the rear is 
unusual accommodation for "standees." The richly 
gilded proscenium arch gives space for curtain- 
opening, 36 feet wide and 32 deep, and the ample 
stage, in size only second to that of the Boston 
Theatre, is furnished with the most approved 
modern devices for setting scenes and producing 
effects. From the middle of the arched ceiling of 
the auditorium, the chandelier of novel design — a 
huge expanding flower of electric lights — depends. 
Behind the scenes the work is thorough and 
complete. There are twenty-one large dressing- 
rooms for the players, and an unusually large 
scene-loft. The house is most thoroughly built, 
and is provided with stand-pipes, an abundance 
of hose, automatic sprinklers on each side of 



the stage and under the rigging-loft, and perfo- 
rated pipes, which frame the curtain-opening. 
Charles H. Blackall was the architect of the 
theatre, and its proprietors are Messrs. Harris and 
Atkinson. The Bowdoin Square was first opened 
on the evening of Feb. 15, 1892, with the per- 
formance of " A Night at the Circus," by Nellie 
McHenry and company. 

The dime museum, with its variety-show attach- 
ment, flourishes in cultivated Boston as in no other 
city. Since the opening of the first show place of 
this class here, so recently as 1881, a half-dozen have 
been successfully established, and their popularity 
does not appear to wane. At the present time there 
are Austin & Stone's Museum, the Palace Theatre, 
the Gaiety and Bijou, the World's Theatre, and the 
Grand Museum, each driving a thriving trade. The 
Italians have their own theatre on North street, 
in the heart of the Italian quarter, and the Chinese 
Theatre on Harrison avenue is opened semi-occa- 
sionallv. 



XI. 



THE CLUBS. 

FEATURES OF THE MANV SOCIAL AND PROFESSIONAL 
ORGANIZATIONS OF THE TOWN. 

THE Boston of To-day is preeminently a club 
town. It has clubs of every sort known in 
modern club life. There are the great social clubs 
the hos|iitalities of which are enjoyed by men of 
distinction in various walks ; professional and Inisi- 
ness clubs ; literary, art, and musical clubs ; dining 
clubs ; political clubs ; women's clubs ; athletic, 
bicycle, tennis, whist, and chess clubs ; yacht clubs ; 
rowing clubs ; riding clubs ; and clubs devoted to 
special interests or to feds. The best type of the 
modern club man is to be found here in Boston. 

Of those clubs possessing houses of their own 
most noticeable are the Somerset, the Union, the 
Algonquin, the St. Botolph, the Art, the Puritan, the 
Athletic, the Century, the Elysium, the Massachu- 
setts Yacht, the L^nion Boat, the Press, the Tavern, 
and the Roxbury and Dorchester clubs. In this 
list also should be classed the Temple, a club little 
known to the newer Boston, but one of the oldest in 
the city. Its house of sober exterior, on West 
street opposite Mason, within a few steps of the 
Boston Theatre, used to be, on fashionable opera- 
nights, a fovorite meeting-place between the acts for 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



[OI 



the nabobs of the time. When the Temple was es- 
tablished here this was a favored section of the city, 
and hard by its best residence-quarters. The Tem- 
ple dates from 1829, and has always maintained 
an excellent reputation for good-fellowship. To- 
day its membership is small and composed of con- 
genial souls. It is one of the few clubs in the town 
in which the English habit of invariably wearing the 
hat is punctiliously followed. One of its earliest 
presidents was George T. Bigelow, afterwards chief 
justice, and of those succeeding him have been such 
well-known Bostonians as Patrick Grant, John T. 
Coolidge, Frederic W. Lincoln, and Peter Buder. 
Among the club's treasures is a small collection of 
paintings, which include " The Greek Girl," pre- 
sented by the late William M. Hunt, " An Interior 
of a Dutch Kitchen," given by the late Colonel 
William P. Winchester, "The Dutch Singing- 
school," and a " Bull's Head," by Hinckley. One 
of its relics is a pitcher of colossal dimensions orig- 
inally the property of the old "Tiger" Hand- 
engine No. 7, whose house used to be on School 
street in front of the old City Hall. The entrance- 
fee to the Temple is 550, and the annual assessment 
5 1 00. A candidate for membership is required to 
have three instead of two proposers — the rule gen- 
erally in Boston clubs. The Suffolk, in rooms on 
Beacon street a few doors above Tremont, is another 
mellow old club, organized in 1845. It also is a 
small and choice organization composed of solid 
Bostonians, most of whom are connected w'ith other 
clubs. 

The Somerset is par excellence the aristocratic 
club of the town, and cultivates the " flower of the 
best families." It was formed in 1852, and was an 
outgrowth of the Tremont club, long since dissolved. 
It has occupied its present most agreeable quarters 
in the old stone mansion-house of David Sears on 
Beacon street since 1872, when it removed from its 
first quarters in the buildmg nearer " down town," 
now the Congregational House. Its rooms of gener- 
ous size are admirably arranged for club purposes, 
and an air of elegant comfort pervades the house. 
A much-enjoyed feature is the ladies' restaurant, open 
to guests of members and to non-members accom- 
panying ladies on club orders. To other dainty 
dining and supper rooms, one of which is resplen- 
dent in yellow satin and mirrors of quaint pattern, 
ladies and non-members may also be invited by 
members as guests. The club has a good library, 
and on its walls are hung several valuable paintings. 
The membership is limited to six hundred. Candi- 
dates for membership are scrutinized by a committee 
on elections consisting of fifteen members, and its 



Moo, ar 



action is final. The admission fee 
the annual assessment the same. 

The Union Club, on Park street, occupying the 
old mansion-house of Abbott Lawrence, which has 
been considerably enlarged and extended in recent 
years, was established during the Civil War (on the 
9th of April, 1863), for "the encouragement and 
dissemination of patriotic sentiment and opinion," 
and the condition of membership was "unqualified 
loyalty to the Constitution of the L^nited States, and 
unswerving support of the federal government in 
efforts for the suppression of the Rebellion." Its 
first president was Edward Everett, and in his ad- 
dress on the occasion of the opening of the club- 
house he sketched in his inimitable way the beauty 
of its position, which with all the changes of later 
years is yet undimmed : " Its proximity to our 
noble Common is a feature of extreme beauty ; 
the views from every story of the house are cheer- 
ful and attractive ; those from the upper windows 
and the observatory on the roof are of unsurpassed 
loveliness. As I contemplated them the other day, 
gazing, under the dreamy light of an Indian sum- 
mer, on the waters in the centre of the Common, 
sparkling through the tinted maples and elms ; the 
line of surrounding hills, Brighton, Brookline, Rox- 
bury, and Dorchester; the islands that gem the 
harbor ; the city stretched like a panorama around 
and beneath, — I thought my eye had never rested 
on a more delightful prospect." Soon after the war 
the political conditions of membership were re- 
moved, and the club was made an entirely un- 
partisan social organization. It is to the Union 
that many of the most prominent members of the 
Suffolk bar belong ; but other professions, letters 
and art notably, are worthily represented in its 
membership. Applications for membership must 
be reported upon favorably by a committee, and 
then be voted upon by the club. The entrance-fee is 
$100, and the annual assessment $75. The club- 
house has ample rooms, a valuable library, and 
some excellent paintings. There are a number of 
private dining-rooms, and at its table d'hote din- 
ners in the large dining-room are daily gathered, 
through the active seasons, groups of representa- 
tive Bostonians, judges of the courts, prominent 
attorneys, and well-known men of affairs. Colonel 
Henry Lee is now i)resident of the Union (1892). 

The Puritan, on the corner of Beacon and Spruce 
streets, in a private dwelling remodelled for club 
purposes, is sometimes called the Junior Somerset. 
It is largely composed of younger clubable men, 
and among its elder club-seasoned members are 
a number of Somerset and L'nion men. Already 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



in its short lite (it was born in 1884) it has occu- 
pied three different houses : its first, that on Spruce 
street directly behind its present one, and its 
second on Mt. ^■ernon street at the corner of Joy, 
formerly the home of the late Joseph lasigi. In 
the constitution of the club it is provided that no 
person under the age of twenty-one, and no college 
undergraduate, shall be eligible to membership. 
Applications for admission must be approved by 
the committee on elections, and then be voted 
upon by the club. One black ball in five excludes. 
The entrance-fee is $25 ; the annual assessment 
the same. The club has e.xcellent table d'hote 
dinners. A number of lodging-rooms in the house 
are let to members for a year at a time. The pres- 
ident of the Puritan is George von L. Meyer. 

In the line of Back Bay club-houses, the first, the 
St. Botolph, at No. 2 Newbury street, is distinctively 
the leading professional club of the city. In its 
membership, more generally than in that of any 
other, is represented the best in art, literature, the 
law, music, journalism, and the other professions. 
It has a rich artistic and literary flavor, and its 
members are in touch with the best work of the 
day in the various professional fields. It is in the 
St. Botolph that visiting men of letters and distin- 
guished artists from other cities in our own country 
and abroad are most frequently met, and its recep- 
tions to men of distinction in professional life the 
world over are notable events. In its large art 
gallery are exhibited during each season collections 
of work of its own members and of other painters ; 
and some of the finest treasures in Boston, nota- 
bly the rare specimens of Japanese art now in the 
Art Museum, have first been displayed here. In- 
teresting features of the winter seasons are its regu- 
lar Sunday afternoon concerts, to which its own 
members contribute, and the delightfully informal 
" smoke talks " on literary, artistic, scientific, and 
lighter topics, opened by an essayist and followed 
by general discussion. The club-house, formerly 
the dwelling of the late Henry P. Kidder, has a 
small restaurant, an enticing grill, agreeable reading- 
rooms well provided with current home and foreign 
literature, and every feature of the comfortable club 
of to-day. In the small reception-room is displayed 
the silver-gilt loving cup formerly belonging to the 
corporation of old Boston, in Lincolnshire, Eng. 
It was the gift of the Rev. George E. Ellis, himself 
a member of the club, made on the condition that 
" if ever the club shall be disbanded or its assets 
disperse, the cup shall revert to the Massachusetts 
Historical Society," of which Dr. EUis is the presi- 
dent. Names of candidates for admission to the 



St. Botolph must have two proposers and be posted. 
After this they are passed upon by a special com- 
mittee, who alone elect. The entrance-fee is S30, 
and the annual assessment is $36. From the estab- 
lishment of the club in 1880 until 1885, Francis 
Parkman, the historian, was president ; then, declin- 
ing longer to serve, a most worthy successor was 
chosen in the unanimous election of Gen. Frani:is 
A. Walker. 

The sumptuous Algonquin, on Commonwealth 
avenue, is the leading business men's club of the 
town ; among its members are bankers, brokers, 
merchants, railroad magnates, and a sprinkling of 
lawyers. It is patterned after the Union League of 
New York, but without the political tinge which that 
club has. Organized in the autumn of 1885 with a 
large membership, it immediately proceeded to build 
its fine and costly club-house ' and to secure luxuri- 
ous surroundings. Among its active or resident 
members are many who have been connected with 
the older Boston clubs, notably the Temple and the 
Somerset, and its non-resident members are largely 
composed of New Yorkers. Candidates for admis- 
sion as active members must have two proposers, 
and their names, after being posted on the bulletin 
for at least ten days, must pass the committee on 
admissions, and then be voted upon ; fifty votes are 
necessary to elect, and one negative vote in ten of 
those cast is fatal. The admission fee is $100, and 
the annual assessment the same. Non-resident 
members are required to pay one-half these sums. 
A non-resident is defined as one not residing or 
having a place of business within forty-five miles of 
Boston. The direction of the entire affairs of the 
club is in the hands of an executive committee. 
The Hon. John F. Andrew has been the president of 
the Algonquin from its establishment. 

The Art Club, which now includes men interested 
remotely as well as directly in art, with a minority of 
actual workers in art, sprang from a purely profes- 
sional club, formed in 1854, of twenty members. 
The meetings were for years held in the studios of 
its artist members, and until 1870 it had neither a 
settled abode nor a fixed place for its exhibitions. 
In that year a new organization was effected, the 
membership was largely increased by the admission 
of many non-professional men, and a club-house 
with a large exhibition gallery was established on 
Boylston street opposite the Common. The follow- 
ing year the club was incorporated, and enlarged 
powers and privileges were thus secured. From 
Boylston street the club moved into its present Back 
Bay house," the cost of which, and the land on 

' and 2. Described in tlie chapter on the New West End. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



103 



which it stands, was met by a fund subscribed by its 
members. The Art Club's monthly "Saturday 
evenings " are events of the busy seasons. Every 
winter a large exhibition of new work of American 
artists is given. The club possesses an admirable 
library containing important works on art and books 
of reference, and its walls are hung with paintings 
which it has purchased from time to time from the 
collections exhibited in its gallery. Names of can- 
didates for membership, after passing before the 
committee on membership, are posted and then 
voted on at regular meetings of the club. One 
negative vote in ten rejects. The entrance-fee is 
§50, and annual assessments $1^ for professional 
artists and $30 for other members. Stephen M. 
Crosby is president of the club. 

The Paint and Clay Club is composed mostly of 
painters, with a sprinkling of architects, sculptors, 
and journalists. Its rooms, at the top of a business 
building on Washington street at No. 419, originally 
a loft with a high skylight and low alcoves at each 
end, are artistically and comfortably arranged ; and 
fresh works of its members are often first shown on 
their walls. For a number of years the club gave 
annual exhibitions in down-town galleries, and re- 
ceptions in its rooms. But these, unhappily, are 
no longer regular features of the season. It is a 
small and choice organization. One of the condi- 
tions of membership is that the candidate must 
be either an artist practising his profession or one 
closely connected with art interests. The fees are 
light and the organization simple, consisting of a 
chairman, a secretary and treasurer, and club com- 
mittees. During the winter season social reunions 
are held each Wednesday evening, and often on 
these occasions a rare company is gathered around 
the ample lunch-table. The Paint and Clay dates 
from 18S0. 

The Camera Club, organized in 1S89, is an or- 
ganization of one hundred and fifty members, which 
includes some of the most notable amateurs in the 
country. It has well-arranged exhibition, develop- 
ing, and enlarging rooms, on the upper floor of 
No. 50 Bromfield street, furnished with the best 
and most modern appliances of the art of photog- 
raphy. Each season the club gives an exhibition of 
the work of its members. It also unites with the 
societies in New York and Philadelphia in exhibi- 
tions held progressively in the several cities. That 
of the spring of 1892, an exceptionally fine one, 
was held here in the gallery of the Art Club. Ad- 
mission to the Camera is by ballot of the club, and 
the annual dues are not exceeding Si 5. Henry W. 
Sweet is the president. 



The .Athletic Club, officially known as the 15oston 
Athletic Association, one of the largest organizations 
of its class in the country, having fully two thousand 
members, began its vigorous life in its own Back Bay 
club-house in 1888.' Candidates for admission, 
after their names have been posted in the club, are 
voted upon by the governing committee of twenty, 
who alone elect. One negative vote in six excludes. 
The entrance-fee is S50, and the annual assessment 
S40. 

The New Riding Club, organized in the autumn 
of 1 89 1, is devoted to good horsemanship. Among 
its incorporators are some of the best-known Bos- 
tonians, all thoroughly trained to the saddle, and 
its establishment has greatly stimulated the riding 
habit to which Bostonians, young and old, men and 
women, have of late years, happily, become ad- 
dicted. The club-house, on Parker street, within a 
few paces of the Back Bay park and the superb 
new driveways, was built especially for the club. Its 
main arena, 165 by 100 feet, and the smaller one, 
are the principal features of the interior. The club 
has experienced riding-masters and all the ficilities 
of the complete riding-school. 

The Massachusetts Yacht Club is an outgrowth of 
the old Dorchester Yacht Club, which was established 
in 1870. Under the direction of Commodore John 
C. Soley, lieutenant of the navy, retired, it took on 
more importance and lofty ambitions. In 1890 an 
old warehouse on Rowe's wharf was leased and 
remodelled for club uses, and here is one of the 
most unique club-houses in town. The lower floor 
is devoted to stores, lockers, lavatories, and yachts- 
crews' rooms. On the second story are the business 
room and a dainty ladies' suite finished in colonial 
style ; next is the billiard room ; and the floor 
above, showing the rough rafters, is that of the res- 
taurant. The whole house is rich in treasures of the 
yachtsman's sport. This is the summer club-house. 
The winter quarters of the club are in Hayward 
place near the side entrance to the Globe Theatre, 
where a modest grill is established. A noteworthy 
feature of this club, in connection with Commodore 
Soley's work as lieutenant commander of the State 
Naval Battalion, consists of lectures and classes in 
various maritime subjects. 

The Union Boat Club, whose picturesque club- 
house is on Charles river at the foot of Chestnut 
street, is with one exception the oldest boating-club 
in the country. It dates from 1851. It is exclu- 
sively an association of amateurs, no member l)eing 
allowed to enter into negotiations to row a race for 
a stated sum of money. The club-house, built in 

1 Described in the chapter on the New West End. 



I04 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY, 



1870, contains parlors, smoking, bath, and meeting 
rooms, a gymnasium, a locker for e\ery member, 
and two large rooms for the storage of boats. 'I'he 
balcony, extending the entire front of the building, 
commands a full view of the Charles-river course, 
so that in a race the boats at the two-mile turn can 
be seen as they round the stake-boat ; and the roof- 
seats accommodate six himdred persons. Candi- 
dates for membership are voted on by the club ; two 
negative votes reject. The entrance-fee is $25 and 
the annual assessment the same. The club uniform 
is navy-blue and white, and the ensign is a dark- 
blue field with the letters " U.B.C." in white. 

The .Appalachian Mountain Club, established in 
the Ticknor Building on Park street, is devoted to 
the exploration of the New England hills and moun- 
tains and to the cultivation of an interest in geo- 
graphical studies. Since its organization in 1876 its 
members have struck out new paths, especially in 
the White Hills, published accurate maps, and col- 
lected much new information concerning the moun- 
tain regions. During the summer season the club 
has field-meetings, and outings to interesting points 
are features of the spring and autumn months. It 
has about one thousand members. Candidates for 
admission must receive the affirmative vote of two- 
thirds of the members present and voting. 

The Tavern Club is an organization of good fel- 
lows, mostly artists, musicians, and lawyers, who 
breakfast and dine together with more or less 
regularity in their snug and artistically fashioned 
club-house on Boylston place, just off the busy thor- 
oughfare of Boylston street by the Common. It 
employs an Italian caterer, and its frequent club din- 
ner-parties are choice affairs. Among other nota- 
ble guests it has entertained at different times 
Henry Irving, George Augustus Sila, Edwin Arnold, 
Edwin Booth, Lawrence Barrett, and Oliver Wen- 
dell Holmes. Although its good table is its leading 
attraction, it has all the other features of the 
modern club. It has been in existence since the 
autumn of 1884, and it first occupied the second 
floor of the little old building formerly on the corner 
of Park square and Boylston street, in the upper 
story of which William M. Hunt has his studio. 
Candidates for admittance to the club are passed 
upon by a small committee on elections, and then 
balloted for by the members. One black ball in 
five excludes. The entrance-fee is §50, and annual 
assessment §35. Charles Eliot Norton is the presi- 
dent of the Tavern. 

The Press Club, on Bosworth street, is the news- 
paper men's club. To membership are admitted 
not only men connected with the editorial deijart- 



ments of the newspapers of the city, but those in 
the business departments. The club-house is an 
old-fashioned, low-studded dwelling, well arranged 
for the comfort and convenience of the members. 
There is a small restaurant which is open through- 
out the day and night. Candidates for member- 
ship are voted upon by the club ; an affirmative vote 
of two-thirds of the active members present and 
voting when a ballot is taken, is necessary to elect. 
The club was organized in March, 1886. The pres- 
ident is E. B. Haskell. There is also a Woman's 
Press Club here in Boston, which meets from time 
to time at dinners or teas, and occasionally gives 
notable receptions. 

The New England Woman's Club, whose rooms 
are at No. 5 Park street, was the second of its kind 
established in the country. It is not merely a 
social club : it engages in much philanthropic and 
other work for the advancement of woman. Organ- 
ized in 1868 at the house of Dr. Harriot K. Hunt, 
by some of the best known of the women of that day 
in public life, it grew rapidly in numbers, and early 
in its career its present pleasant quarters were se- 
cured. It has frequent meetings, entertains guests 
from other cities at receptions and dinners, and cel- 
ebrates high tea once a month. Mrs. Julia Ward 
Howe has been president of the club for many 
years. 

The Century, formerly the Central, originally a 
South End business men's club, established in that 
quarter in 1868, has a pleasant club-house on Boyl- 
ston street opposite the Common, generously fur- 
nished with every club comfort. Of its several 
game-rooms the large whist-room is the most popu- 
lar. It is a prosperous club of business and pro- 
fessional men. The entrance-fee is S50, and the 
annual assessment the same. Col. Charles H. 
Taylor, manager of the " Daily Olobe, " is the 
president. 

The Elysium Club occupies a handsome new 
house on Huntington avenue, not far from Chester 
Park, into which it moved from its first club-rooms 
at the South End in September, 1890. The cost 
of the new house and furnishings was $135,000. It 
is thoroughly equipped with all the conveniences 
and features of the best class of modern clubs. The 
Elysium was organized in 187 1, and its object is 
" literary pursuits and sociability." Applications for 
membership are referred to the election committee 
of nine members, who alone elect. The initiation fee 
is S50, and the annual assessment S60. Theodore 
P. Spitz is the present president. The club has 
one hundred and twenty-five active and resident 
members, and twenty-five non-resident members. 



BOSTON OF rO-DAY. 



The Roxbury Club is the representative business 
men's ckib of the Roxbury district. It was estab- 
lished ill October, 1885. Its inviting club-house is 
on Warren street, a fine dwelling remodelled for its 
use. The election of members is by the member- 
shiji committee of fifteen. One adverse vote in 
three excludes. The entrance fee is Sio, and the 
annual assessment $30. 

The newest club is the University, modelled after 
the University Club of New York. It was organized 
in January, 1892, with William C. Endicott as 
president. A candidate for admission must show 
a degree received from a university or college ap- 
proved by the election committee, or from the In- 
stitute of Technology, and the United States Mili- 
tary or Naval Academy. Those who have received 
honorary degrees, and are distingurshed in literature, 
art, science, or the public service, are also eligible 
to membership. The entrance-fee for resident 
members is S40, and the annual assessment $36 ; 
for non-resident members, $30 and $18. 

The number of dining-clubs which flourish here 
in Boston is legion. A few are composed of men of 
letters and of other professions, many more of poli- 
ticians or would-be politicians, of business men, of 
philanthropic or religious groups, of reformers of 
various classes. There are the Literary, the Papy- 
rus, the Schoolmasters', the Merchants', the Com- 
mercial, the Beacon, the Paint and Oil, the 
Agricultural, the Cereal, the Clover, the Pendennis, 
the Round Table, the Saturday, the Sheepskin, the 
Trade, the Twiffler ; of purely political clubs : the 
Massachusetts (Republican), the Bird (Indepen- 
dent), the Bay State (Democratic), the Boston (Re- 
publican), the Essex (Republican), the Middlesex 
(Republican), the Middlesex County (Democratic), 
the Sixth District (Democratic), the Massachusetts 
Reform (Independent), and the Norfolk (Repub- 
lican) ; and of religious and miscellaneous dining- 
clubs : the Unitarian, the Universalist, the Congre- 
gational, the Episcopal, the Liberal Union, the New 
Hampshire and the Pine Tree State (composed, the 
former of New Hampshire and the latter of Maine 
men resident in Boston), the New England Railroad, 
and so on. 

Best known beyond the limits of the town is the 
Papyrus, the organization of clever men in the 
\arious professions, notably journalism, art, music, 
and the law, which most resembles the famous Sav- 
age of London. From the original organization of 
a dozen or twenty men, mostly journalists, effected 
one frosty evening in the autumn of 1870, it has 
grown to its present extensive proportions. The 
earliest members met around a generously loaded 



table at "Billy Park's," but now the club gathers the 
first Saturday evening of every month — barring the 
summer months — in one of the large dining-rooms 
of the Revere. The president, with the secretary 
and the club's guests, sits at the main table, and at 
the long tables extending down the hall are the 
members' seats. After dinner the " loving cup " 
passes from the president to the guests and then 
from member to member, and the literary festivities 
follow. At these Papyrus dinners some of the gay- 
est work of its literary members and the poems of 
its poets have been tried on the free critics who sit 
at its board, before their appearance in enduring 
print. The object of the club, " to promote good- 
fellowship and literary and artistic tastes among its 
members," is fully attained. According to its con- 
stitution, at least two-thirds of its members must be 
literary men, and with such it classes journalists, 
artists, and publishers. Candidates for membership 
are first proposed to the club at a regular meeting, 
then are referred to the committee on membership, 
and finally, if approved by that committee, are voted 
upon by the members. Five black balls exclude. 
The admission-fee is $10 for literary members and 
S25 for non-literary, and the assessment is S5. 
Members pay the dinner-fee at each meeting. 
The pohtical dining-clubs meet frequently dur- 
ing the active seasons, some of them once a 
week, and always on Saturdays : and the business 
men's and other clubs generally once a month. 
These meetings and dinners are at the hotels, sev- 
eral of which have special club dining-rooms. 

The musical club is another peculiar Boston feat- 
ure. The pioneer of the modern singing-club was 
the Liedertafel, a German singing-society, organized 
in 1848, which in course of time was absorbed in 
the Orpheus Musical Society, established five years 
after. This was originally composed exclusively of 
Germans residing in Boston, but early in its career 
Americans were admitted as associate members, and 
now about half its members are Americans, although 
its tone remains German. It is a social as well as a 
musical organization, and its club-rooms on Boyl- 
ston street are the meeting-place of well-known mu- 
sicians and good fellows. During each season it 
gives several concerts, to which admission is ob- 
tained only through members. The Apollo, of 
about eighty singing members and five hundred as- 
sociate or subscribing members, was organized in 
187 1 ; it is devoted to the singing of part-songs 
and choruses composed for male voices. B. J. 
Lang has been its conductor from the beginning. 
The Cecilia, first formed within the long-established 
Harvard Musical Association, for mixed voices, 



[o6 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



to take jiart in the Harvard symiihony concerts, 
was in 1.S76 estaljlished as an independent club, 
with one hundred and twenty-five singing mem- 
bers ; later, associate members were added, the 
limit being fixed at two hundred and fifty. It 
performs the larger works of the best composers, 
generally with orchestra accompaniment. B. J. 
Lang has been the conductor since its independent 
organization. The Philharmonic Society was organ- 
ized in 1880, with active and associate members, for 
the presentation of orchestral music, primarily to 
sustain the Philharmonic Orchestra, but subsequently, 
owing to divisions in the organization, the orchestra 
withdrew and continued as an independent organ- 
ization. The (ilea Club was organized in 1881, for 
the singing of English glees. The Boylston, the 
Euterpe, the Boston Orchestral, the Clefs and the 
Singers, notable clubs in their day, are no longer in 
existence. Of all the musical organizations in the 
city the famous Handel and Haydn Society is the 
oldest, dating from 1815. 

Besides the bewildering variety of clubs above 
enumerated there is the " Turnverein," numbering 
several hundred German-.^merican members, with 
its thoroughly equipped building on Middlesex 
street: the Caledonian Club, the local organization 
of Scotchmen, dating from 1853, with rooms on 
Essex street, corner of Chauncy ; the English and 
American Club, established in 1886, "to promote 
and encourage friendly relations between the Ignited 
States antl Great Britain," and including in its 
membership Englishmen, Welshmen, Scotchmen, 
and Irishmen ; the St. Jean Baptiste Society, at No. 
12 Kneeland street; the French-Canadian Club; 
numerous rowing-clubs, among them the West End, 
the Dolphin, and the Crescent, with boat-houses on 
the Charles river, and the Shawmut and the Central, 
with boat-houses in the South bay ; yacht-club houses 
at South Boston and on Dorchester bay; the Bos- 
ton Lodge of the Elks on Hayward place ; bicycle 
clubs, tennis clubs, and the Chess Club, the latter 
the oldest of its kind in the countrv, established in 
1857. 

Classed with Boston clubs should also be the 
Country Club. Though its house and grounds are 
situated without the city limits (in Clyde Park, 
Brookline), it is composed of Bostonians almost ex- 
clusively, members of several of the leading clubs in 
town. It maintains one of the best racing-courses in 
the neighborhood of the city, and its club-house is a 
most picturesque and hospitable country mansion. 
It afifords a pleasant rendezvous for members and 
their families and friends in the course of afternoon 
drives, and coaching-parties frequently bring up 



here for dinner or supper. The club-house is open 
to members and their friends throughout the year, 
and the club has excei>tionally good cuisine and 
service. 



XII. 

THE OUTLYING TJISTRICTS. 

EAST BOSTON, SOUTH liOSTON, ROXliURV, DORCHESTER, 
CHARLESTOWN, WEST ROXBURY, AND BRIGHTON. 

r^V what are termed the "Outlying Districts" 
^-^ of the Jioston of To-day, all but East Boston 
and South Boston have been acquired by annexa- 
tion within a quarter of a century. Although these 
towns and cities had developed independently, their 
absorption by the metropolis was natural and fit- 
ting, for they were closely related. Roxbury, or 
" Rocksberry " as it was earliest called, recognized 
by the " Court of Assistants " as a town less than a 
month after Boston was named, had among its prin- 
cipal settlers some of those who had come out with 
\Vinthrop on the " Arabella ; " in the order of the 
court declaring that " Trimountaine shalbe called 
Boston " Dorchester also was named, and here too 
some of Winthrop's associates " planted them- 
selves ; " the governor's or the " Great House," at 
which the Court of Assistants had their first sittings, 
was in Charlestown; Brighton, set off from Cam- 
bridge in 1806, was included in the original ter- 
ritory of Charlestown; and West Roxbury was 
originally a part of Roxbury. The annexation of 
these " Outlying Districts " added to the area of 
the city founded on the "pear-shaped peninsula" 
22,692 acres of valuable territory, and greatly in- 
creased its prosperity. 



East Boston was " layd to Boston " as early as 
1636, but it remained an island farm until 1833. 
Its development, then begun, was the enterprise of a 
local land company composed of a "syndicate," as 
we would say in these days, of about a dozen capi- 
talists, chartered as the East Boston Company. 
There was at that time but one dwelling-house on 
the island— the hospitable Williams flmiihouse, 
then occupied by Thomas Williams, who, like his 
father before him, Henry Howell Williams, had 
made a tidy fortune here as a tenant farmer. The 
place had been generally called " Noddle's Island," 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



107 



after one William Xodille, who had settled on it as 
early as 1629. But sometimes it was called 
" Maverick's," after Samuel Maverick, Gent., its 
most important settler, whom Winthrop's people 
found comfortably quartered here ; and again " Will- 
iams," after the Williamses, father and son, whose 
occupation of it covered seventy years. Of Noddle 
or whence he came little is know. Winthrop alludes 
to him as "an honest man of Salem," but he was 
]irobably one of the colonists sent out by Sir William 
Brereton, who obtained a grant of this island and its 
neighbor. Breed's (or Susanna, as it was first called, 
in honor of his daughter), from John Gorges in 
1628. Finding Maverick in possession and indif- 
ferent to the orders of the Court of Assistants re- 
straining persons from " jnitting on cattell " and 
felling wood or shooting " att fowle " here, the 
island was formally granted to him in April, 1633, 
the conditions being that he should pay yearly " att 
the General Court, to the Governor for the time 
being, either a fatt weather, a fatt hogg, or xh in 
money," and " give leave to Boston and Charles 
Towne to fetch wood contynually as their needs re- 
quire from the southerne pte of s*ileland." Maver- 
ick constructed a rude fort, mounting " four great 
guns," for protection against the Indians, and within 
the enclosure built his castle. Here he lived for 
twenty-five years, not always at peace with his Puri- 
tan neighbors upon their peninsula, or free from 
petty persecutions, but well and generously. He 
was one of the earliest negro slaveholders in Massa- 
chusetts, and at times worked several on his farm 
and in his household. A dozen years after he had 
moved from the island it was the place of refuge of 
the " First Baptist Church of Boston," while under 
the interdict of the colonial government from 1665 
to 1675. 

Nearly a century later " the comfortable Williams 
mansion," says Sweetser, " was the pride of the 
island. . . . The house was graced by six 
comely daughters, whose harpsichord was the fore- 
runner of musical Boston ; and the hills on the island 
gave pasturage to forty-three horses and 223 cattle." 
Then the horses and cattle were run off during the 
lively " Fight on Noddle's Island," of a May day 
and night in 1775, when the .Americans under Put- 
nam worsted the British marines ; and a day or two 
after the mansion was burned. This skirmish, says 
Frothingham, " was dwelt upon with great exultation 
throughout the colonies," and " the news of it ar- 
riving in Congress just as it was choosing general 
officers, influenced the vote of Putnam for major 
general which was unanimous." And yet the fight 
was a petty affair as " fights" go. It was over the 



live-stock on the island. A small detachment had 
been ordered to drix'e the stock off to Chelsea at 
low tide, out of reach of the British, and their move- 
ments being observed from the war-ships in the 
harbor, a schooner, a sloop, and a party of marines 
were despatched to stop them. The Americans 
fell back to a ditch and lay in ambush, from which 
they picked off several of the marines and then re- 
treated to Hogg (or Breed's) island, having suc- 
ceeded, however, in running off three or four 
hundred sheep, lambs, cows, and horses. Late in the 
evening reinforcements of about three hundred men 
arrived with two pieces of cannon, and the fighting 
was renewed, the British firing from the vessels, 
from the barges fixed with swivels, and from a hill 
on the island. Finally the schooner was aban- 
doned, and, grounding towards morning, a party from 
the Americans, after coolly taking out her guns and 
sails, burned her at daybreak under a fire from the 
sloop. Then later in the forenoon the sloop was 
disabled and towed off by the boats. After a few 
more shots the firing ceased and the ."Americans 
were victorious. They captured twelve swivels and 
four four-pound cannon. They didn't lose a man 
anil had only four wounded, while the British loss 
was said to be twenty killed and fifty wounded. 
Dr. Joseph Warren was with the Americans serving 
as a volunteer. In compensation for his loss Wash- 
ington gave farmer Williams one of the Continental 
barracks at Cambridge, which he moved to the island 
and subsequently remodelled into a new mansion. 

For what Maverick was annually required to pay 
either a " fatt weather, a fatt hogg, or \\s in money," 
the East Boston Company two centuries after paid 
$80,000. It purchased for this sum the entire 
island, embracing six hundred and sixty-six acres of 
upland and marsh and several hundred acres of flats, 
with the exception of four acres set apart, according 
to the terms of its charter, for public purposes. The 
territory was at once laid out in substantial streets 
and squares and house and building lots, and sales 
of lands begun. The success of the speculation 
was speedily assured. Within three years the tax- 
able valuation had increased from S6o,ooo to $806,- 
000, and the population from a half-dozen persons 
to six hundred. The ne,\t year, in 1837, the ter- 
minus of the Eastern Railroad was fixed here, and 
the Maverick House built ; three years later the Cu- 
nard Steamship line was established, and its docks 
on the island built. Meanwhile, large manufactories 
were set up, the pioneer being the East Boston 
Sugar Refinery, and ship-building was begun. This 
soon developed into a great industry. Between 
1848 and 1858 more than 170 vessels were built 



io8 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



in East Boston yards, of which 99 exceeded 1,000 
tons each, and 9 were above 2,000 tons. Among 
them were the famous packet-ships, remarkable for 
their fine sailing-qualities. The " Great Republic," 
the largest wooden sailing-ship ever built, a three- 
decker with four masts, 4,556 tons, was turned out 
here in 1853, and she proved one of the swiftest 
vessels on the seas. Among other splendid East 
Boston built clipper-ships, mostly for the California 
service, were the " Flying Cloud," 1,700 tons, which 
made the quickest trips between New York and San 
Francisco, the " Flying Fish," 1,600 tons, which 
made her first passage from Boston to San Fran- 
cisco in 92 days, the " Empress of the Seas," 
2,250 tons, and the "Staffordshire," 1,950 tons. 
Clippers were also built here for English houses — 
one of the finest, the " Lightning," which made the 
voyage beween Liverpool and Melbourne in 63 
days. 

Then iron ship-building in its turn became an 
important industry, and in its turn also declined. 
But during the past four years the ship-building 
industry here has been undergoing a gradual and 
steady revival, while the dry docks and marine 
railway.s, seven in all, keep busy a small army 
of shipwrights and caulkers the year round. Several 
transadantic lines of steamships discharge and 
load their cargoes at the Grand Junction wharves, 
where the IJoston & Albany and the Boston 
& Maine and New York & New England rail- 
roads have freight terminals and sheds. The 
Cunard and the Warren are the principal steam- 
ship lines, the Beaver-line steamships landing only 
in winter. Several hundred skilled machinists find 
employment at the Atlantic works on Border street, 
where iron and steel vessels and marine and land 
engines are built. The Lockwood Manufacturing 
Company on Sumner street, and Webb & Watson 
also on Border street, makers of marine engines 
and propellers, are other large concerns. Boiler- 
makers and iron-workers are engaged at the Rob- 
inson Boiler Works on New street, the E. Hodge & 
Company Boiler Works on Liverpool street, and at 
the works of the Boston Forge Company on Mav- 
erick street, where steel shafts, anchors, etc., are 
made. Dyestuffs are manufactured in large quan- 
tities at the mills of the Boston Dyewood Company 
and of the Atlantic Dyewood Company, the one on 
Border street and the other on New street. These 
concerns receive their dj'ewoods at their own 
wharves direct from South American ports. Among 
minor manufacturing establishments are several 
planing and turning and wood-w^orking mills, all 
on Border street. In the " fourth section " is the 



receiving station of the Standard Oil Company, 
under the name of the ^Laverick Oil Works, where 
oil in bulk from Philadelphia is received and re- 
fined. At Jeffrey's Point are several fish curing and 
smoking establishments. The Bagnall & Loud Com- 
pany have a great block and pulley manufacturing 
place on Condor street. The Boston Tow Boat 
Company has immense coal pockets and coaling 
station on Border street near the Chelsea end. 
There is an e.\tensive whiting manufactory on Mav- 
erick street. The population of the East Boston 
district in 1890 was thirty-six thousand. 

SOUTH BOSTON. 

South Boston, formerly part of Dorchester, was 
originally separated from the main peninsula by an 
arm of the harbor reaching to Ro.xbury, and con- 
nection was made by a primitive ferry, or by the 
roundabout journey through Roxbury and over 
the Neck. When it was annexed it had an 
area of about five hundred and seventy acres of 
lowlands and bluffs, including the historic Dor- 
chester Heights, and its entire population con- 
sisted of but ten families. Its annexation was 
part of a real-estate speculation originated by 
Joseph Woodward, who had moved here from Tewks- 
bury and bought a large tract of land. He saw the 
advantages of its location w'hen brought into closer 
comnmnication with Boston by bridges and im- 
proved, and he interested William Tudor, Gardiner 
Greene, Jonathan Mason, and Harrison Gray Otis, 
several of whom had engaged in the successful Mt. 
Vernon Improvement on Beacon Hill.' These gen- 
tlemen also made large land purchases on Dorches- 
ter Neck, and then the movement for annexation 
was energetically pushed. The town of Dorchester 
vigorously opposed the project, but it was finally 
carried through the Legislature, the act being passed 
March 6, 1804. At the same time the construction 
of a bridge by the South Boston Bridge Corporation, 
Messrs. Tudor, Greene, Mason, and Otis incorpora- 
tors, was authorized, and after some contention over 
the question of location, it was built and opened 
with a grand military display on the first of October 
the following year. This was the first Dover-street 
bridge. Immediately after the passage of the an- 
nexation act the value of land rose enormously in 
the new district, but its growth did not meet the an- 
ticipations of its projectors. Agitation for a second 
bridge was begun immediately upon the completion 
of the first, but it was not until twenty years after 
that it was secured. This was the Federal-street 
bridge, the charter for which was granted in 1826. 

1 See chapter on North and Old West Ends. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



109 



It was opened in 1828 as a free bridge. Four years 
after, the old bridge was sold to the city for §3,500, 
and made free. It had originally cost its projectors 
$56,000, and had earned no dividends. In 1825, 
when the city began locating its reformatory institu- 
tions here, the population of the district was but 
1,986. The opening of the second bridge, however, 
gave the place a new impulse, and in 1830 its popu- 
lation had increased to 2,860. Ten years later it 
had reached 5,590. During this period many fine 



influences of wealth." With the introduction of 
the horse-railway system in 1856, population in- 
creased rapidly, new industries were established, 
and building became brisk ; but the prediction re- 
specting the "court end" was never fulfilled. Fash- 
ion had set strongly in the direction of the South 
End, and was already interested in the plans then 
developing for the finer Boston on the " New 
Lands " yet to be created. The pleasantest resi- 
dence-quarters are now on the hills and their slopes 




WOODS MACHINE COMF 



lUvellings were built and parks and streets embel- 
lished. In 1837 the great Mount Washington 
House (now occupied by the School for the Blind), 
with its broad entrance from a high flight of steps 
and its generous piazzas affording a superb harbor- 
view, was opened. The prediction that the district 
would ultimately be the " court end of Boston " was 
confidently made and long clung to. In the Boston 
Almanac for 1853, Dr. J. V. C. Smith, afterwards 
Mayor Smith (1854-56), in urging the filling of the 
flats, expressed his belief that it was destined to be- 
come " the magnificent portion of the city in respect 
to costly residences, fashionable society, and the 



and towards the Point, the most easterly part of the 
district. 

On the Point the water-front esplanade is one 
of the most interesting parts of the new park 
system of the city now developing, and the long iron 
pier extending far into the harbor towards Castle 
Island is a popular feature. Off the Point several 
yacht-clubs have their moorings, and in the summer 
time the water sparkles with this joyous craft. The 
attractive club-houses on the shore add to the 
picturesqueness of the place. It is a great yacht- 
ing-station, and here the crack " Burgess " and other 
racers have been built in recent years. Of other 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



])arks in the district the most important are Thomas 
park on Telegraph Hill, once Dorchester Heights, 
and Independence square on upper Broadway. The 
famous redoubt the sudden appearance of which, 
looming up threateningly on the morning of March 
5, 1776, so astonished the British in Boston and 
precipitated the evacuation of the town, is unmarked 
saved by a granite tablet in the park on the crest of 
the heights. The most noteworthy institutions 
within the district, besides those of the city, are in 
this neighborhood, — the great Carney Hospital 
(Catholic, established in 1865, founded on a gift 
of land and a fund of §56,700 from the late Andrew 
Carney) and the noble Perkins Institution for the 
Blind, organized in 1832 by the devoted Dr. 
Samuel G. Howe, and first established in the Pearl- 
street (old Boston) mansion-house of Col. Thomas 
^^'. Perkins, removing to South Boston, having se- 
cured the Mount Washington House, in 1839. The 
School for Idiotic and Feeble-minded Children, an 
outgrowth of the Perkins Institution, and now a 
State institution, is in the rear of its buildings. 

South Boston now is a great industrial centre. 
The foundry business was begun here as early as 
1809, and one of the pioneers was Cyrus Alger, in 
later years of the great Alger Iron Works. In 181 1 
flint-glass manufacture was begun here, the first 
successful attempt in this part of the country. Ship- 
building was begun the next year ; Noah Brooks's 
ship-yard was established in 1822 ; and twenty-five 
years later, in E. & H. O. Briggs's yard, the ship 
"Northern Light" was built, which scored the 
quickest time ever made by a clipper ship from 
San Francisco to Boston — in seventy-five days. In 
1835 the Fulton Iron Works were established. 
Then followed other great foundries, locomotive 
works, and lead works. The great establishment of 
Harrison Loring, the City Point Iron Works, from 
which much important government work, including 
naval cruisers and tugs, has been turned out, dates 
from 1847. Other great concerns are the Walworth 
Works, where heavy iron and brass castings are 
made ; the Washburn Car-wheel Company ; the 
South Boston Iron Works, where heavy ordnance is 
made ; the steel works of Billings Brothers, formerly 
the Norway Iron Works ; the Howard Foundry 
Company ; the South Carlton Iron Company ; the 
Ingols Brass Foundry; the Whittier Machine 
Company, the makers of elevators ; the S. A. Woods 
Machine Company, manufacturers of wood-working 
machines ; the Boston Button Company ; the Boston 
Cooperage Company ; great boiler-works ; the im- 
mense works of the Boston Cordage Company ; fire- 
brick works; the great Standard and Continental 



Sugar Refineries ; the plant of the Jenney Oil Com- 
pany. Here also are the excellent terminal piers of 
the New York & New England Railroad and for- 
eign steamship docks. The population of South 
Boston in 1890 was 66,790. 

ROXBURV DISTRICT. 

The Roxbury district is a city of homes. Until 
well within the present century it was a charming 
rural place of hills and vales, having but a single 
bustling " main " street, local shops, a few manu- 
factories, clusters of houses about the centres, many 
of them with fine gardens and orchards, and rich 
outlying farms. It was yet a " faire and handsome 
towne, having a cleare fresh brooke running through " 
it, and "up westward . . . something rocky 
whence it hath the name of Roxberry," as William 
Wood quaintly described it in his " New England 
Prospects," only three years after its settlement. 
Originally its territory included not only the present 
West Roxbury district with Jamaica Plain, but the 
present town of Brookline, known in the early days 
as " Punch Bowl Village." During the Revolu- 
tionary period it had scarcely 2,000 inhabitants, 
about 200 dwellings, 3 meeting-houses, and 5 
schools ; in 1 800 its population had increased but 
700, and twenty years after it had reached but 
4,100. During the next ten years more of the airs 
of a modern town were assumed, and the place was 
brought into closer connection with Boston. In 
1824 Roxbury street, now a continuation of Wash- 
ington street, then the one thoroughfare through the 
town, was paved and brick sidewalks laid ; the same 
year the Norfolk House was completed and opened ; 
the first newspaper, the " Norfolk Gazette," was 
started ; and three years after hourly coaches, the 
first in this part of the country, began regular trips 
to and from Boston. But the population increased 
slowly, in 1830 numbering less than 5,300. Im- 
provements and changes continued, new streets 
were laid out, new business blocks, shops, and 
dwellings built ; and at length the tide was turned 
in this direction. The growth thereafter was rapid 
and substantial. In 1840 the population was given 
as 9,089, and six years after the town government 
was abandoned and Roxbury became a city. In 
1 860, four years after the street-railway system was 
established, it had 25,000; in 1867, when it was 
annexed to Boston and became the Roxbury district, it 
had 28,400; in 1870,34,700; in 1880, 57,000; and 
in 1890, 78,400. When it was annexed to Boston it 
had a number of fine old mansion-houses left over 
from the Provincial and the Revolutionary periods, 
but before very long these were nearly all swept 



? fe 




BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



away to make room for more contracted and less 
picturesque modern dwellings. There yet remains, 
however, the historic old church in Eliot square oc- 
(uining the site of the first meeting-house, " a rude 
unbeautified structure " built soon after the formation 
of the " First Parish " in 1632. It is the fifth meet- 
ing-house of the society and was built in 1804, re- 
placing that which was used as a signal station by 
the Continentals during the siege of Boston town. 
.Although it has been from time to time extensively 



death in 1833, that the church became Unitarian. 
Dr. George Putnam, who succeeded Dr. Porter, hav- 
ing first been associate pastor for three years, also 
served a long period, his pastorate also closing with 
his death, which occurred in 1876. James de Nor- 
mandie is the present pastor. 

On Highland street, which extends from Eliot 
square, are a number of the few old-time houses 
yet standing in the district. In one of these Will- 
iam Lloyd Garrison lived during his later years; 




RESIDENCE OF JOHN P. SPAULDING. 



repaired and renovated, the old architecture and 
the impressive simplicity of the interior finish have 
been carefully preserved. John Eliot, the great 
apostle to the Indians, was the minister of the First 
Church for nearly sixty years, laboring unremit- 
tingly in good works until his death in 1690, at the 
age of eighty-six. He was buried in the ancient 
burying-ground marking the corner of Washington 
and Eustis streets, where also are the tombs of 
other ministers of this church, and of the famous 
Dudley family — Thomas and Joseph Dudley, the 
first a governor of Massachusetts under the first 
charter and the second under the second charter, 
and Paul, the chief justice and son of Gen. Joseph 
Dudley. It was under the pastorate of Eliphalet 
Porter, minister for over half a century, until his 



another is the homestead of the Putnams, where 
Rev. Dr. Putnam lived for a long period ; and 
another is the home of Edward Everett Hale. On 
the hill in this neighborhood, between Beach, Glen, 
and Fort avenues, from which the ornate stand- 
pipe of the Boston Water-works rises, was the 
" Ro.xbury High Fort," built in June, 1775, under 
the direction of General Thomas, which crowned 
the Roxbury lines of investment at the Siege. It 
was the strongest of the several Roxbury forts, 
others of which guarded the single land-passage 
to Boston over the Neck. The outer earthworks 
at the Neck were just below the George's Tavern, 
which stood a short distance south of Washington 
Market, in the neighborhood of Lenox street, and 
were in musket-range of the British outpost. The 



BOSTON OF TO-nAY. 



tavern was early burned by the British ; and soon 
after the latter's outpost, Brown's farmhouse, a httle 
south of the present Blackstone square, was burned 
by a raiding party of Americans. The part Rox- 
bury took in the Revolution was conspicuous. 
It was the native place of the lamented Warren, 
and of Heath and Greaton, generals in the 
Continental army. Heath signed the first " gen- 
eral order " for the army. He was at Lexington 
and Bunker Hill, and during the Siege commanded 



ishes, a valued institution. John Eliot was chief 
among its founders. Warren, when a lad of nine- 
teen, was master of the school, in 1760. Roxbury 
when annexed added to Boston 2,700 acres of ter- 
ritory, and taxable property valued at ^26,551,700. 

DORCHESTER DISTRlCr. 

The first settlers of the Dorchester District came 
in the " Mary and John," a vessel of Winthrop's fleet. 
Before setting sail from Plymouth, Eng., a church 




RESIDENCE OF CHARLES 



a part of the right wing. Later, he was appointed 
by Washington to the command of West Point. 
Moses Whiting and William Draper commanded 
companies at Lexington, and one hundred and forty 
Roxbury men were there. Major-general Dearborn, 
on the staff of Washington, was a Roxbury man ; 
and Robert Williams, master of the Latin School, 
" changed his ferule for a sword," taking a commis- 
sion in the army. Roxbury's part in the Civil War 
was as honorable. The site of the birthplace of 
Joseph Warren, on Warren street, is marked by a 
tablet. That of Thomas Dudley's house is occu- 
pied by the Universalist Church on Dudley street. 
The Roxbury Latin School, established in 1645, but 
ten vears after the Boston Latin School, still tlour- 



was organized, and John Maverick and John War- 
ham were chosen pastors. Dorchester, therefore, 
like Plymouth, launched its church from foreign 
shores. Why the new settlement was called Dor- 
chester is uncertain ; but James Blake, an early his- 
torian, referred it to the gratitude of the colonists 
to Rev. John White, of Dorchester, Eng., who was 
an active promoter of Puritan emigration, or to the 
fact that some of the settlers were from Dorset- 
shire. In 1633, Dorchester was the largest and 
wealthiest town in Massachusetts. It is said that 
it had the first special town-government in New 
I'.ngland. The first Dorchester record-book is the 
oldest town record-book in Massachusetts. The 
honor is also claimed for Dorchester of having 



114 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



made, in May, 1639, the first public provision in 
America for a free school to be supported by direct 
tax or assessment of the inhabitants of the town. 
The two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of this 
event was duly celebrated. In 1635-36, a large 
number of the inhabitants of Dorchester emigrated 
to Connecticut. Richard Mather, the founder of 
the Mather family in this country, arrived in 1635, 
and became pastor of the reorganized church in 
1636. He was one of the fathers of New England 
Congregationalism and assisted John Eliot in the 
making of that unique paraphrase of the Psalter, 



to within a few rods of the Providence line. Mil- 
ton, Canton, and Stoughton were afterward set off 
by themselves. Dorchester Neck and Washington 
Village became South Boston, and finally what re- 
mained of the old town was annexed to the city. 
Since the annexation here, as in Roxbury, many of 
the old colonial estates have been cut up. New 
streets have been introduced, and a vast number 
of houses have been built. Dorchester still re- 
mains principally a place of residence. The old 
burying-ground at Upham's Corner (Dudley and 
Boston streets) is one of the oldest burying-grounds 




11 (JL 



.^^ 



BUILDING OF THE FORBES LITHOGRAPHIC COMPANY. 



the Bay State Psalm Book. Another distinguished 
son of Dorchester was Lieutenant-Governor Stough- 
ton, who was chief justice of the commission on the 
witchcraft trials. Stoughton Hall at Harvard Col- 
lege is named after him, in recognition of a gift to 
that institution. The townspeople of Dorchester 
have been distinguished for their patriotism. They 
joined with Boston in the days preceding the Revo- 
lution in resisting English oppression. The town 
indorsed by resolution the action of the Boston 
Tea Party, and a stray chest of tea which had sur- 
vived the ordeal of water, and floated on the Dor- 
chester marshes, was effectually destroyed by fire. 
Dorchester men were active in fortifying Dorches- 
ter Heights in the closing days of the Siege. Dor- 
chester originally covered a great deal of territory. 
It was nearly thirty-five miles in length, extending 



in the State, and is still used for interments. Rich- 
ard Mather, Stoughton, and other celebrities were 
buried here. When annexed to Boston in 1870, 
the population of Dorchester was 12,200. In 1880 
it had grown to 17,800, and in 1890 to 29,600. 
The area added to Boston by its annexation was 
5,614 acres, and the taxable property 1120,315,700. 

CHAKI.KSIOWN lUS'rRICl. 

The Charlestown district, the oldest jwrt of the 
Boston of To-day, having been settled on the 4th 
of July, 1629, more than a year before Winthrop's 
company moved over to the peninsula, has changed 
less than any of the outlying districts since annexa- 
tion. When annexed in 1872 it had 31,000 inhabi- 
tants ; in 1880,33,700; and in 1890, but 38,300. 
Nor has its valuation greatly increased. It is a 



BOSTON OF TO-TX-W. 




quiet (luarter of Boston, still possessing a few old 
estates, several pleasant streets, and Bunker Hill 
Monument. In its old burying-ground on the 
shore, with those of other worthies, are the graves 
of John Harvard, founder of Harvard College, and 



Thomas Beecher, founder of the famous Beecher 
family in America. Before the Revolution it was a 
flourishing town. In 1775 it contained about four 
hundred houses, built about the hills ; and when 
the battle was fought, we are told, " Breed's Hill 



i6 



BOSTON OF 'lO-DAY. 



and the higher I'uiiker Hill beyond were covered 
by i)astures or mowing-lots, and without biuldings of 
any sort." Its destruction by the British was com- 
plete. The portion about the square was set on 
fire by the shells thrown from Copp's Hill, and the 
easterly part by the marines landed from the " Som- 
erset " in the river. The property loss was set at 
$500,000. Fortunately, the townspeople had aban- 
doned their houses, stores, and workshops and re- 
moved many valuables before the battle. The 
fullest of all the newspaper reports of the burning 
was this brief but vigorous jjaragraph in the " Essex 
Gazette," then published in Cambridge, which has 
been preserved in Hunnewell's " A Century of Town 
Life : " 

" The Town of Charlestown, supposed 
to contain about three hundred dwel- 
ling houses, a great number of which 
were large and elegant, besides one 
hundred and fifty or two hundred other 
buildings, are almost all laid in Ashes by 
the I'.nrliarity and wanton Cruelty of 
that infernal Villain, Thomas Gage." 

And General Burgoyne wrote of the scene from 
Copp's Hill : " Strait before us was a large & noble 
Towne in one great Blaze ; the Chh. Steeples being 
of Timber were great Pyramids of Fire above the 
rest." The recovery of the town from the blow was 
slow, but by the opening of the present century it 
had again become well built up with important 
industries established within its limits. In 1786 
the first bridge to Boston was built, supplanting the 
old ferry. In 1800 the Navy Yard, at Moulton's 
Point, where the British troops had landed for the 
Bunker Hill fight, was established. In 1804-5 the 
State Prison was built. At that time we are told the 
town contained 349 buildings and 2,251 inhabi- 
tants. By 1 8 1 2 the population had about doubled. 
In 1834 it was 10,000, and two years after the 
question of annexation to Boston was first agitated. 
In 1847 the town government was abandoned, and 
Charlestown became a city. 

The movement for the Bunker Hill Momnnenl 
was begun in 1823, when the Monument Association 
was formed. Two years later the corner-stone was 
laid by Lafayette with great ceremony, under the 
direction of the Massachusetts Grand Lodge of 
Masons, and Webster delivered the oration ; but for 
nearly twenty years the work lay unfinished for lack 
of funds. Finally, in 1840, a determined effort was 
made, and through the proceeds of a great fair in 
Faneuil Hall and generous subscriptions, one of the 
last that of Fanny Ellsier, the dancer who had turned 



the heads of all Boston, a sufficient sum was secured ; 
and in 1842 Solomon Willard, the architect, saw the 
completion of his great work. The last stone on 
the apex was raised on July 23 that year, and one 
Edward Carnes, jr., accompanied its ascent, tri- 
umphantly waving an American flag. At the dedi- 
cation there was a vast concourse of people, and 
Webster was again the orator. The obelisk, built of 
courses of granite, is thirty feet square at the base and, 
rising two hundred and twenty feet, is capped by a 
high observatory, the fine view from which is worth 
the cost of the ascent. It is reached from the base 
by a spiral flight of stone steps — somebody who 
has counted them says there are two hundred and 
ninety-five in all — winding around the hollow cone 
within the shaft. The monument marks the lines 
of the old redoubt. A stone standing in the 
grounds near by marks the spot where Warren fell, 
and Story's statue of Prescott, placed in the main 
path, is supposed to be on the spot where he stood 
when encouraging his men at the opening of the 
battle. The marble statue of Warren in the build- 
ing at the base of the monument, with various 
memorials of the battle, is the work of Henry Dex- 
ter, a native artist, and was dedicated on the 
17th of June, 1857. The marble Tuscan pil- 
lar within the monument is an exact reproduc- 
tion of the first memorial to Warren, placed by the 
King Solomon Lodge of Masons of Charlestown, 
on the 2d of December, 1794. 

The Prescott statue was placed in 1881, on the 
17th of June, when Robert C. Winthrop was the 
orator. It is one of the best of our few good portrait 
statues. The pose is spirited and dramatic. The 
night preceding the battle was very hot, and Pres- 
cott, who worked at the digging as hard as his men, 
had thrown off the outside uniform-coat and put 
on a loose seersucker coat and a broad-brimmed 
farmer's hat. It is in this easy and picturesque 
costume, the big hat giving an effective sombrero 
shadow to the face, and the skirts of the loose coat 
almost' sweeping the ground, that the hero is repre- 
sented. " His eager gaze is riveted with intense 
energy on the close approaching foe. With his left 
hand he is hushing and holding back the impetuous 
soldiers under his command who await his word. 
With his right hand he is just ready to lift the sword 
which is to be their signal for action." ' It is the 
moment when he has uttered the memorable words : 
" Don't fire until I tell you. Don't fire until you 
Sir the itihites of their eyes/'' The Soldiers' and 
Sailors' Monument, in Winthrop Square, a short 
walk from Breed's Hill, was placed on June 17, 

1 Winthrop's oration. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



117 



1872, the oration on that occasion delivered by 
Richard Frothingham, the historian of Charlestovvn. 
It stands on the old training-ground of colonial 
days. This is another of Martin Milmore's works, 
and presents a group of three figures on a high 
pedestal — the " tlenius of America " holding 
laurel wreaths above the soldier and sailcjr stand- 
ing on each side. 

The part of Charlestown occupied by the first 



house erected after the "burning of 1775," and 
a remnant of it still stands on Main street. Bunker 
Hill is now crowned by a Catholic church, and at 
the Neck beyond, which was raked by the hot fire 
of the British vessels in the river during the battle 
on Breed's Hill and the American retreat, is now a 
pleasant park. Charlestovvn added to Boston when 
annexed only 586 acres of territory, but it brought 
taxable property valued at $35,289,682. 




WORKS OF THE LOW ART TILE COMPANY. 



settlers is the sijuare and "Town Hill," which rises 
behind the old City Hall, which itself stands on the 
site of the " Great House " of the governor, in 
which the Court of Assistants named Boston. On 
the slope of the hill behind it was the First Church. 
Charlestown is distinguished as having been the 
birthplace of Samuel F. B. Morse, the inventor of 
the electric telegraph, whose father, Rev. Jedediah 
Morse, was minister of the First Church in the 
town, from 1789 to 1820. The son was born 
April 27, 1 791, in the mansion-house of Thomas 
Edes, whose hospitality Parson Morse's family had 
accepted while the new parsonage on Town Hill 
was building. The Edes mansion was the first 



The Brighton district, until 1805, was a part of 
Cambridge. Then it was a place of farms, with a 
modest cattle-trade. Subsequently it developed into 
the great cattle-mart of New P^ngland, for which it 
became widely known. In 1832 the great Cattle 
Fair Hotel was opened, and on market days the 
scenes within and round about it were animated 
and i)icturesque. For many years the natural 
attractions of the place for dwellings were injured 
by the various slaughtering and rendering houses 
scattered about it. The establishment of the great 
Abattoir on the banks of the Charles in 1873, and 
the proliibition of [irivate slaughtering, changetl all 



1 8 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



this, and also revolutionized the cattle trade. The 
Abattoir is subject to regular inspection by officers 
of the Board of Health. It is directly connected 
with the tracks of the Boston & Albany Railroad, 
and the Fitchburg. Brighton also early became 
famous for its fine nurseries and gardens. In 
recent years the district has been greatly improved 
and developed, and to-day some of the finest road- 
ways within the city limits, and many beautiful and 
costly dwellings, are here found. In the region 



Washington AUston, whose home and studio were 
at one time in the near neighborhood — on Maga- 
zine street, Cambridgeport. Brighton added to 
Boston 5,978 people, 2,277 acres of land, and 
taxable property valued at $14,548,531. 

WEST ROXBURV DISTRICT. 

West Roxbury, when annexed, was the most rural 
part of the enlarged city, abounding in charming 
scenery. It had pleasant country roadways and 




RESIDENCE OF 



about the Chestnut-hill Reservoir, especially, are 
fine estates and charming drives. Not far from 
the Reservoir, on Lake street, is the picturesque 
estate formerly known as " the old Stanwood place," 
which the Catholic authorities of the diocese pur- 
chased in 1880 for their newly organized "St. 
John's Theological Seminary." The present build- 
ing, within the beautiful grounds, was completed in 
1885. A massive structure of stone with brick 
trimmings, rising from a slight eminence, built 
in the Norman style of architecture, with towers 
at the corners, it forms a striking feature of the land- 
scape. The village of Allston, the part of Brighton 
nearest the city proper, has grown with great rapid- 
ity within the last dozen years. It was named for 



grassy bypaths, spacious coimtry-seats with fruit 
and flower gardens, and picturesque villas set in 
well-cultivated grounds. It is yet semi-rural, and 
much of its beauty and charm still remains ; but, 
like its neighbor, old Roxbury, and Dorchester 
beyond, it is growing with great rapidity. Fine 
old estates have been cut up into house lots, 
byways have been transformed into streets, and 
houses are springing up in every direction. Good 
taste, however, is displayed in much of the new 
work, and the district, embracing as it does charm- 
int,' laiii:u( ;i Plain, the grounds of the Bussey Insti- 
tution anil the Arnold Arboretum, Franklin Park 
and many natural attractions, will long continue to 
be one of the fairest parts of picturesque Boston. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



119 



When it was separated from Roxbury, in 1851, five 
years after the old town had become a city, — of 
which change the western section disapproved, — it 
took away about four-fifths of the territory of the 
new municipality. Efforts for the establishment of 
an independent town, however, were begun more 
than a century and a quarter before it was effected : 
immediately after this section was made the Second 
or "Upper" Parish of Roxbury, in 17 12. Of the 
First Church in West Roxbury (now on Centre 
street), which was one of the earliest to fall into 
the Unitarian fold, Theodore Parker was pastor for 
nine years — from 1837 to 1846. His parishioners 
here are described by O. B. Frothingham ' as " a 
small but choice circle of elegant, graceful, culti- 
vated people, used to wealth, accomplished in the 
arts of life, of open hearts, and, better still, of 
human instincts, who lived in such near neighbor- 
hood that a path from Mr. Parker's gate led di- 
rectly to their gardens and welcoming doors." In 
Jamaica Plain used to be the country-seats of 
Governors Bernard, Hancock, and Bowdoin. Gov- 
ernor Bernard's mansion was for a time during the 
early days of the Revolution used as a camp hos- 
pital. The sparkling Jamaica Pond was the first 
piece of water drawn upon for the supply of the 
town of Boston ; pipes of pitch-pine logs were em- 
ployed, and the service was by a private corpora- 
tion chartered in 1795. 

The Bussey Institution, the school of agriculture, 
horticulture, and veterinary science attached to 
Harvard University, is on the noble estate of the 
late Benjamin Bussey, bequeathed by him to the 
university in 1842, together with funds in trust for 
the support of the institution. Being subject to 
life interests, it was not until 1870 that the estate 
passed into the possession of the university. Then 
the picturesque main building was erected and the 
school was opened. Two years after, the Arnold 

• Frothingli.lm's I,ife of Theodore P.irker. 



Arboretum was established in accordance with the 
will of James Arnold, of New Bedford, who left 
one hundred thousand dollars to the university to 
establish here a professorship of tree culture, and 
to create " an arboretum ultimately to contain all 
trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants that can grow 
here in the open air." The entire estate embraces 
360 acres, of which 137 comprise the arboretum, 
and are tastefully laid out with roadways and walks. 
Of the latter portion, the city of Boston in 1881 
acquired 120 acres, and this territory, with about 
44 acres contiguous, is now part of the great chain 
of public parks. 

Within the West Roxbury district was also the 
famous Brook Farm, where early in the forties the 
effort was made by a group of cultivated people, 
led by the late George Ripley, to establish a social- 
istic community. It comprised about two hundred 
acres, part of which was meadow land reaching 
to the Charles River, the brook, which gave it its 
name, coursing through it, and passing near the 
roomy mansion-house pleasantly set upon a knoll. 
For a while Hawthorne was a member of the com- 
munity, and, at one time and another, Margaret 
Fuller, Channing, Charles A. Dana, and John S. 
Dwight were connected with it. The products of 
the farm were in common, the labor was divided 
among the members, and the system of coopera- 
tion was closely followed. But it did not flourish, 
and after a brief existence of half a dozen years it 
quietly expired. Brook Farm is now the " Martin 
Luther Orphan Home." The Forest Hills Ceme- 
tery, just within the limits of the district, embraces 
225 acres of upland and lowland, with thick groves, 
peaceful lakes, and avenues and footpaths over the 
hills and through the glades, its natural beauty en- 
hanced by the skill of the landscape gardener. West 
Roxbury, when it became a part of Boston, brought 
9,000 inhabitants, 7,848 square acres of territory, 
and taxaV)le property valued at $22,148,600. 



XIII. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES AND PORTRAITS 



REPRESENTATIVE MERCHANTS, BUSINESS AND PROFESSIONAL MEN, 

ALI'HAHETICAI.LV ARRANGED. 



ABBOTT, JosiAH Gardner, was. born in Chelms- 
ford, four miles from Lowell, Nov. i, 1814, and 
was a descendant in the seventh generation from 
George Abbott, an English Puritan, who migrated 
to Massachusetts in 1640, and settled in Andover. 
His father, Caleb Abbott, settled in Chelmsford, 
and married Mercy Fletcher, a descendant from 
William Fletcher, an English Puritan, and one of 
the first settlers of Chelmsford in 1653. Both 
of his grandfathers fought under Prescott at the 
battle of Bunker Hill, and held commissions in 
the Continental army. The influences under 
which he was brought up were as good as the 
blood which he inherited. Three excellent teachers 
fitted him for college — Ralph Waldo Emerson, 
Rev. Abiel Abbott, D.D., and Cranmore Wallace. 
He entered Harvard in 1828, and graduated with 
distinction in 1832, being the youngest of his class. 
He studied law first under Joel Adams of Chelms- 
ford, and under Nathaniel Wright, afterwards mayor 
of Lowell, and began practice at Lowell in 1836 
as the copartner of Amos Spaulding. In 1837 he 
served in the House of Representatives, the young- 
est member of that body. In 1838 he married 
Miss Caroline Livermore, one of the daughters of 
Judge Edward St. L. Livermore. In 1840 he edited 
the " Lowell Advertiser, " a Democratic tri-weekly 
journal, which he conducted with ability and good 
taste, never descending to personalities. In 1842 
he formed a copartnership with Samuel A. Brown, 
which lasted until 1855. In 1842 and 1843 he was 
a State senator from Middlesex, in the latter year 
chairman of the committee on the judiciary and also 
of the railroad committee. In 1853 he served as 
a delegate from Lowell in the constitutional con- 
vention, where he advocated making the judiciary 
elective, and making juries judges of law as well 
as of fact in criminal cases. In 1855 he was 
appointed a justice of the Superior Court for the 
County of Suffolk, but in 1858 the larger emolu- 
ments which he knew he could obtain at the bar 
induced him to resign this office and to decline. 



two years later, a place on the supreme bench. 
His salary as judge was only $3,000 a year, but 
during the first year after he left the bench his 
professional income was more than $29,000, and 
at a later period amounted to $36,000. From 
1834 to 1 86 1 Judge Abbott resided in Lowell; 
but in the latter year he removed to Boston, and 
afterwards supplemented his "city home by an 
elegant summer residence at Wellesley Hills. In 
1862 Williams College conferred upon him the 
degree of Doctor of Laws. During the Civil 
War, from the first shot at Sumter to the last 
at Appomattox, he gave his voice, his purse, his 
pen, to the cause of the Union. Three of his ' 
sons rendered distinguished services as officers of 
the Union army, and the memorial window in the 
Memorial Hall of Lowell will remind the Lowell- 
ians of the future that two of them perished in 
the struggle. Captain and Brevet-Major Edward 
G. Abbott fell at Cedar Mountain, Aug. 9, 1862 ; 
Major and Brevet-Brigadier Gen. Henry L. Abbott, 
in the Wilderness, May 6, 1864. In 1874 Judge 
Abbott was elected a representative in Congress. 
He served on the special committee which was 
sent to South Carolina to inquire into the alleged 
irregularities attending the presidential election of 
1876 in that State, and prepared that committee's 
report. The bill creating the electoral com- 
mission was introduced without his knowledge and 
during his absence from Washington, and was not 
approved by him. But after it had been proposed 
by the Democrats, accepted by the Republicans, 
and enacted as a law, he felt bound in honor to 
see that its provisions were carried out. The plan 
originally was to give one place on the commission 
to one of the Democratic representatives from 
New York who had been longest in congressional 
life, — Fernando Wood or Samuel S. Cox. Judge 
Abbott was a new member. Friends of his, how- 
ever, without his knowledge, and with the warm 
approval of Speaker Randall, proposed his name 
to the Democratic congressional caucus, and 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY, 



carried it through. He was accorded the leader- 
ship of the minority of that commission, and 
opposed the decisions of the majority in the four 
contested States, — Florida, Louisiana, Oregon, and 
South Carolina. The proposed address of the 
minority to the people of the United States, pub- 
lished in the " Magazine of American History," 
February, 1892, was prepared by him at their re- 
quest, and submitted to and approved by them ; 
but, in consequence of doubts being started as to 
the publication of any address at that time, it was 
never signed. Judge Abbott was a delegate to 
seven national Democratic conventions, and in si.\ 
of them was chairman of the Massachusetts delega- 
tion. Outside of the law and of politics he 
participated in many large enterprises, and was 
president or director of various manufacturing, 
railroad, water-power, and other companies. He 
died July 2, 1891. His wife's death occurred in 
1887 ; but six of his children survive him, two of 
whom — Samuel A. B. Abbott and Franklin P. 
Abbott — continue in the practice of law in Boston. 
The focmer of these is also chairman of the board 
of trustees of the Public Library. 



the present time holds, he has gained a wide reputa- 
tion. When he first entered the Newburyport post- 
office, stamps had not been introduced, and route 
agents and the free-delivery system were unknown. 
During his career in the service he has seen all of 
the many improvements that have been made in the 
post-office system. When he came to the Boston 
post-office the entire force consisted of 14 carriers 
and 53 clerks. Some idea of the magnitude of the 
business done at the present time may be gained 
when it is stated that there are now required the 
services of 577 clerks and 518 carriers successfully 
to carry out the work of this department. While 
taking an interest in politics he has studiously 
avoided active participation in political affair^ 
There are but five officials in the Boston post-office^ 
who now outrank Mr. Adams in term of continuous 
service. Mr. Adams was married Aug. 19, 1853, 
to Miss Hannah M. Little. 

Adams, Melvin O., son of Joseph and Dolly 
(Whitney) Adams, both natives of Ashburnham 
and members of old Massachusetts families, was 
born in Ashburnham Nov. 7, 1850. He pre- 



.■\dams, Charles Dav, son of George and Ange- 
lina (Day) Adams, was born in Worcester, Mass., 
July 28, 1850. His ancestry on both sides were 
from L'xbridge and Mendon. His great grand- 
father was Benjamin Adams, a prominent lawyer of 
Worcester county, and member of Congress for sev- 
eral terms. Benjamin, grandson of Josiah of Brain- 
tree, who settled in Mendon in 1735, was sixth in 
descent from Henry .^dams, who came from Eng- 
land in 1634. On the maternal side the Days were 
woollen manufacturers in Uxbridge, and among the 
earliest in the country. Charles D. graduated from 
Harvard in 1873. He studied law with the late 
Oren S. Knapp, and was associated with him in 
practice until his death. He is Republican in poli- 
tics. He resides in Woburn, Mass., where he has 
served on the school committee, is special justice of 
the district court, and the present city solicitor. 

Adams, Henry S., son of Sewall and Sarah 
(Ilsley) Adams, was born in Derry, N.H. His 
education was obtained in the public schools. At 
an early age he entered the post-office in Newbury- 
port, Mass., and there began his long and success- 
ful career in this branch of public service. He 
remained in Newburyport until 1853, when he was 




MELVIN O. ADAMS. 



pared for college in the public schools and at 
Appleton .Academy, New Ipswich, N.H. He 
appointed to a position in the Boston post-office, entered Dartmouth College, and graduated in the 
with which he has since been connected. .As cashier class of 187 i. Then he taught school at Fitchburg, 
of the Boston post-office, the position which he at where he also studied law with the Hon. Aniasa 



122 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Norcross, ex-Congressman from that district. He 
came to Boston in 1874, and continued his law 
studies in the Law School of Boston University, 
from which he graduated in the class of 1875. 
The same year he was admitted to practice. He 
was assistant district attorney for ten years, until 
1886, since which time he has been associated with 
Augustus Russ in the practice of his profession, at 
No. 20 Pemberton square. He is Republican in 
politics, and was on the staff of Governor Brackett, 
with the rank of colonel. He is a member of the 
Union and Unitarian clubs. 

Adams, Waldo, son of Alvin Adams, the founder 
of the Adams Express Company, was born in Boston 
May 23, 1836, and died in this city March 9, 1892. 
He was a descendant of Henry Adams, the ancestor 
of the presidents John and John Quincy Adams, 
who settled in Braintree about the year 1641. His 
mother was a lineal descendant of John Bridge, who 
came to Cambridge in 1632. Mr. Adams was edu- 
cated in Boston public and private schools, leaving 
school at an early age. Between that time and his 
majority he travelled extensively in foreign countries. 
On his return he took a position in his father's office, 
with his elder brother, Alvin Adams, jr. Here he 
learned the business, and after the death of his brother 
he became agent, and subsequently superintendent, 
of the business in Boston. Upon the death of his 
father he had general charge of the business. A few 
years later he was elected a member of the board of 
managers of the company, and was assigned to the 
charge of the New England division, with the title 
of general manager, which position he filled to the 
time of his death. During the Civil War Mr. 
Adams rendered most efficient service, doing hard, 
honest w^ork for his country. After the second bat- 
tle of Bull Run he made up a special train on the 
old Boston & Albany, and accepted all the freight 
for the soldiers in the field, going out himself in 
charge of the train. On the staff of Governor An- 
drew he held the rank of lieutenant-colonel. With 
William P. Lee and Charles H. Dalton, he was 
appointed assistant quartermaster-general, serving 
gratuitously in that position. He made it his busi- 
ness to see that the stores and materials which he 
carried South reached the hands for which they 
were intended. One of his chief characteristics was 
his benevolence. He did much good, and strove 
to help the poor in unostentatious ways. The an- 
nual Thanksgiving dinners in Faneuil Hall were 
given in large part through his generosity. He was 
a member of the Algonquin and Country clubs, of 
the Boston Athletic Association, and of the Ancient 



and Honorable Artillery Company. Mr. Adams 
was married on June 2, 1S57, to Miss Isabella H. 
Burnham, daughter of the late Walter Burnham, 
M.D., of Lowell, Mass., who survives him. 

Aldrich, Henry O., the senior surviving partner 
of the extensive grocery house of Cobb, Aldrich, & 
Co., son of Lyman and Dorothy (Baker) Aldrich, 
was born in Guilford, Vt., in the vear 18^2. 



HP"'"' 



H. O. ALDRICH. 

His parents were both honored residents of that 
town. When he was a little more than six years of 
age his father died, leaving his mother with a family 
of young children, the farm, and other property to 
look after. With that independent spirit so charac- 
teristic of him, he resolved that he would take care 
of himself, and to that extent relieve his mother's 
burdens. He spent his boyhood in his native town, 
and was a diligent student in the local schools, in 
which he gained his education. When about twenty 
years of age he left .the high school where he was 
then studying, and, coming to Boston, entered the 
employ of C. D. Cobb & Bros. Here he remained 
for about five years, when he left to engage in busi- 
ness for himself. Eight or nine years after he sold 
out, and, returning to Boston, entered into an equal 
partnership with his former employers, being associ- 
ated directly with the late Henry E. Cobb in two 
stores in the city. At the end of three years, at the 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



request of C. D. Cobb, Mr. Aldrich, with H. E. 
Cobb, came to the Washington-street store, and took 
an equal interest in that and all its branches. He 
has remained with the house ever since, and has 
been a most important factor in bringing the busi- 
ness to its present proportions. Mr. Aldrich is a 
valued member of the Boston Chamber of Com- 
merce. He is connected with the Masonic order, 
the Knights of Honor, and other societies. He is a 
man of strictly temperate habits, of keen business 
foresight, tireless energy and perseverance. In 
1855 Mr. Aldrich was married to Miss Betsey A. 
Phelps ; they have had four sons, of whom three 
are now living and occupying positions of honor 
and trust. 

Aldrich, Samuel Nelson, son of Sylvanus Bucklin 
and Lucy Jane (Stoddard) Aldrich, was born in 
Upton, Mass., Feb. 3, 1838. He was educated in 
the Worcester and Southington, Conn., academies, 
and at Brown University. After graduation he 
taught school for a while in Upton, Holliston, and 
Worcester, and then began the study of law with 
Isaac Davis and E. B. Stoddard, of Worcester, fin- 
ishing in the Harvard Law School. He was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1863, and opened his first office 
in Marlborough. In 1874 he moved his business 
to Boston, retaining his residence in Marlborough, 
however, living in the city during the winter 
months. In Marlborough he was for nine years a 
member of the school committee, and four years 
chairman of the board of selectmen ; he has been a 
director of the People's National Bank, president of 
the Marlborough board of trade, and president of 
the old Framingham & Lowell Railroad ; and he is 
now president of the Massachusetts Central Rail- 
road. He was a member of the State senate of 
1879 and 1880, serving the first term on the com- 
mittees on taxation (chairman), on constitutional 
amendments, and on bills in the third reading ; and 
second term on the committee on the judiciary ; 
and in 1883 he was a member of the House, serving 
again on the committee on the judiciary. In 1880 
he was the Democratic candidate for Congress in 
the old Seventh District. In March, 1887, he was 
appointed by President Cleveland assistant treasurer 
of the United States in Boston, which position he 
held until Jan. 15, 1891, when he was succeeded 
by M. P. Kennard, appointed by President Harri- 
son. On Dec. 15, 1890, he was elected president 
of the State National Bank. Mr. Aldrich was 
married in 1865, at Upton, to Miss Mary J., 
daughter of J. T. Macfarland. They have one son : 
Harry M. Aldrich. 



Alger, Alpheus B., son of Edwin A. and 
Amanda (Buswell) Alger, was born in Lowell, 
Mass., Oct. 8, 1854. He was educated in the 
Lowell public schools and at Harvard, from which 
he graduated in the class of 1875. I'he same year 
he entered the Harvard Law School, and a year 
later continued his law studies in the Boston office 
of Judge Josiah G. Abbott. In 1877 he was ad- 
mitted to the bar, and began practice vnth his 
father's firm, Brown & Alger, in Boston, making his 
residence in Cambridge. He early became promi- 
nent in politics, and has held the positions of chair- 
man and secretary of the Democratic city commit- 
tee, serving also on the congressional committee. 
In 1884 he was a member of the Cambridge board 
of aldermen; in 1886 and 1887 a member of the 
State senate, serving on the committees on mer- 
cantile affairs (chairman), public service, the judi- 
ciary, liquor law, rules, expediting legislative 
business, and bills in the third reading ; and he is 
now (1892) mayor of Cambridge, serving his 
second term. He is secretary and treasurer of the 
Bay State Club (Democratic dining-club), a mem- 
ber of the Middlesex County Democratic Club, and 
of the Newtowne and Central Clubs of Cambridge. 
He is also a prominent Mason, a member of the 
Amicable Lodge, Cambridge Chapter, and of the 
Boston Commandery, and he has held offices in 
the St. Omer Lodge, Knights of Pythias, and Pone- 
mah Tribe of the Improved Order of Red Men. 

Alger, Edwin Alden, son of David -Mger, of 
Milton, Vt., and Sarah (Morse) Alger, of Methuen, 
Mass., was born in Cornish, N.H., June 20, 1820. 
He traces his ancestry on the paternal side to 
Thomas Alger, who settled in Bridgewater, Mass., 
in 1665, to which common ancestor Cyrus Alger, the 
noted iron-founder of South Boston, the Rev. Wm. 
R. Alger and Horatio Alger, literary men of note, 
trace their descent ; and on the maternal side to 
Anthony Morse, who settled in Newbury, Mass., in 
1632, one of seven brothers of that name. His 
education was pursued in the public schools at Can- 
ton, Mass., and the Dracut, Mass., academy. For 
several years he was connected with the " Vox Pop- 
uli," of Lowell. He studied law in the office of 
Alpheus R. Brown at Lowell, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1845. Shortly after he formed a part- 
nership with Mr. Brown, under the firm name of 
Brown & Alger. The firm continued to practise 
law in Lowell and Boston until 1872, when they 
discontinued their Lowell office, and confined their 
business to their Boston office. The firm of Brown 
i& Alger existed for more than forty years, one of 



24 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



the best-known in Boston, continuing until the re- 
tirement from active practice of the senior mem- 
ber, Mr. Brown, two years prior to his death, which 
occurred in November, 1889. Mr. .-Mger is now 




E. A. ALGER. 

engaged in the practice of his profession at No. 23 
Court street, Boston. During his residence in 
Lowell he served for three years as an alderman of 
the city. He removed from Lowell with his family 
in the spring of 1872, to Cambridge, Mass., where 
he now resides. He has been an active and life- 
long Democrat, and has been interested in advanc- 
ing the interests of the Universalist denomination, 
to which religious faith he has been strongly at- 
tached. He is a member of the Boston Bar Asso- 
ciation and of the Law Library. Mr. Alger was 
married to Miss Amanda M. Buswell, at Hartland, 
Vt., in 1844. Of their nine children, eight are 
now living. 

Allen, Fr.ank Dewey, son of Charles Francis 
and Olive Ely (Dewey) Allen, was born in Wor- 
cester, Mass., Aug. 16, 1850. He was educated 
in the Worcester schools and at Yale College, from 
which he graduated in 1873. Then he studied in 
the Boston University Law School, graduating in 
1875, and in the law offices of Hillard, Hyde, & 
Dickinson. There he was managing clerk until 
1878, when he was admitted to the Suffolk bar, 
and, opening an office for himself in Boston, began 



practice. In April, 1890, he was appointed United 
States district attorney, which position he still 
holds. Becoming a resident of Lynn when in the 
office of Hillard, Hyde, & Dickinson, he was 
elected from that city to the lower house of the 
Legislature in 1881 and 1882, in which he took 
a leading position, serving on the committees on 
the judiciary, banks and banking, and congressional 
redistricting, and on the special committee on the 
removal of Judge Day. In 1884, 1885, and 1886 
he was a member of the Republican State com- 
mittee from the First Essex Senatorial District, serv- 
ing on its executive committee ; and in 1886, 1887, 
and 1888 he was a member of the governor's 
council. He organized the Lynn Electric-lighting 
Company and is one of its directors. Mr. Allen 




FRANK D. ALLEN. 

was married in Lynn, on Jan. 9, 1878, to Miss 
Lucy, daughter of Trevett M. Rhodes. 

Allen, Gardner Weld, M.D., was born in Bangor, 
Me., Jan. 19, 1856. He was educated in the 
common schools, and graduated from Harvard in 
the class of 1877, with the degree of A.B. He 
entered the Harvard Medical School two years 
later, receiving the degree of M.D. in 1882. He 
was house officer at the Rhode Island Hospital 
one year, and then went abroad, studying his pro- 
fession in Germany. In 1884 he returned to 



^" 




\W ^1 



(_yVC4^''~^<r- ^-%'> 



'-uJ 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



125 



Boston and began the practice of his profession. 
He is surgeon in the genito-urinary department 
of the Boston Dispensary, a member of the Massa- 
chusetts Medical Society, the Boston Society for 
Medical Improvement, and the Medical Library 
Association. 

Allen, Stillman Boyd, son of Horace O. and 
Elizabeth Allen, was born in Waterboroiigh, Me., 
Sept. 8, 1830; died in Boston June 9, 1891. He 
received his early education in the academies at 
North Yarmouth, Kennebunk, and Alfred, Me. 
In September, 1853, he was admitted to the bar, 
and practised law in Maine tmtil May, 1861, when 
he removed to Boston, and two years later became 
associated with John 1). Long, who subsequently 
retired from the firm, upon his election as governor 
of the State. At the time of his death, Mr. Allen 
was senior member of the law firm of Allen, Long, 
& Hemmenway (Governor Long since his retire- 
ment from congressional life having resumed his 
former relations). Mr. Allen was largely engaged 
in jury trials, and had the reputation of winning 
for his clients the largest verdicts against railroads 
and other corporations ever rendered in this coun- 
try. Mr. Allen was married at Kittery, Me., Sept. 
7, 1854, to Harriet S., daughter of Joseph and 
Mary Seaward. Their children are : Willis Boyd 
Allen, who was a partner in his father's firm for 
six years and has since been engaged in literary 
pursuits, and Marion Boyd Allen. In 1876-77 
Mr. Allen represented Boston in the House of 
Representatives, serving the first year upon the 
committee on the judiciary. The next year he was 
chairman of the committee on probate and chan- 
cery. In 1877 he conducted an examination made 
by the Legislature into alleged abuses existing in 
the State Reform School, which resulted in an 
entire change in the management of that institu- 
tion. During the last year of his life he was a 
member of the school committee of Boston. 
For three years he was president of the Mercan- 
tile Library Association of Boston. He was prom- 
inent in Odd Fellowship and Masonry. Up to the 
date of his last illness he was engaged in a most 
successful practice of law, where he attained dis- 
tinction among the foremost men of the profession 
in the State. The cause of his client he made his 
own, espousing it with all the energy of his nature ; 
and it has been said of him that " he swayed the 
minds of juries by his earnestness, his sincerity, 
and his power to enlist their sympathies. But in 
all his strifes and successes he preser\ed his native 
simplicity and genuineness of character." 



Allen, Walter B., was born in Worcester, Mass., 
Sc])t. 8, 1 86 1. He was educated there in the 
grammar and high schools, and then spent two 
years in the Worcester Technical School. After 
this he served two years in an architect's office, 
and, coming to Boston in 1880, went under the 
instruction of Arthur Noble in complete house- 
decorating and frescoing. While with Mr. Noble 
he learned all manner of designing, glass-work, 
and the interior finishing of fine residences. He 
began buNincss for hiniNclf in 1886, with his brother. 
After the <Kath nf tlic latter, in 1888, he formed 
a partnership with i:verctt H. Hall, Oct. i, 1888, 
starting with small capital and one boy, at $2.50 per 
week, as helper. The business prospered, and in 
1 89 1 the firm of Allen, Hall, & Co., had seven show- 
rooms at No. 88 Boylston street, and three work- 
rooms outside, and employed forty to sixty expert 
workmen and artists. The thorough training which 
Mr. Allen received when with Mr. Noble, in con- 
nection with Mr. Hall's drapery and furniture work, 
has so developed the business that the making of 
contracts for complete interiors is now the specialty 
of the firm. Much of their work is to be seen in 
the Back Bay district and throughout New Eng- 
land — among other notable examples of it, in a 
fine house completed in 1891 for Manchester 
Haynes in Augusta, Me., and in Mrs. Ole 
Bull's house in Cambridge, the decoration of 
the noted music-room of which is entirely their 
work. Mr. Allen was married April 30, 1889, to 
Miss Helen P., daughter of Re\-. Theron Brown, of 
Norwood, and resides in Newtonville. 

Amerige, C. Wardwell, son of Francis and Be- 
linda (Burrill) Amerige, was born in Cliftondale, 
Mass., May 27, 1855. His early education was 
obtained in the schools of SaugiLS. In 1883 he 
entered the medical college in Buffalo, N.Y., and 
pursued the four years' course, graduating with 
honors, taking the degree of Ph.G., M.D., in 
1887. He has since steadily practised his pro- 
fession, the larger part of the time in Boston. His 
specialty is the treatment of ner\-ous diseases and 
the cure of the insane, and ho was the originator of 
the " Massasoit Remedies." 

Ames, Oliver, son of Oakes and Eveline (Gil- 
more) Ames, was born in Easton, Ma.ss., Feb. 4, 
1 83 1. He was educated in the public schools of 
his native town, and, fitted for college in the acad- 
emies of North Attleborough and Leicester, took 
a special course at Brown I'nivcrsity. He began 
business life as an employee in the shovel works of 



.26 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Oliver Ames & Sons, and, after a thorough training 
there, went on the road as travelling agent of the 
concern. Subsequently he became an active mem- 
ber of the firm. In his town he has served on the 
school board twelve years ; he has served in the 
State senate two terms (1880 and 1881); four 
years he was lieutenant-governor of the Common- 
wealth (1883-86), and three years governor (1887- 
89). He has also served in the Massachusetts 
Volunteer Militia, as second lieutenant, adjutant, 
major, and lieutenant-colonel. For many years he 
has been president and director of various railroad, 
manufacturing, and mining corporations and bank- 
ing institutions. He is a member of a number of 
benevolent societies and of the leading Boston 
clubs. On March 14, i860, he was married, in 
Nantucket, to Miss Anna Coffin, daughter of 
Obed and Anna W. Ray, and adopted daughter 
of William Hadwen, of the island town. They 
have six children : William Ha'dwen, Evelyn, Anna 
Lee, Susan Evelyn, Lilian, and Oakes Ames. 
Governor Ames's summer seat is in Easton 
and his winter residence on Commonwealth 
avenue. 

Anderson, Elbridge Roberts, son of Galusha 
and Mary E. (Roberts) Anderson, was born in 
St. Louis, Mo., Sept. 12, 1864. His father was 
president of the Chicago University, afterwards 
senior professor of the Newton (Mass.) Theo- 
logical Seminary, and is now connected with the 
theological department of the new university of 
Chicago. Elbridge R. was educated in schools of 
Newton and Chicago, and the University of the 
City of Chicago, where he took a course in the 
law department, graduating from the institution in 
1885. At seventeen he left home, and has made 
his own way since ; and at nineteen tried his first 
law-case. In 1881, when he started out for him- 
self, he went to New Mexico and " roughed it " 
for a while. Then he returned to Chicago, and 
further pursued his studies. Then he attended the 
Colorado State School of Mines at Golden City, 
and received commission as assayer in the State. 
Then he began the practice of law in Chicago. 
That was in 1883. Two years later he came East, 
and was admitted to the Massachusetts bar. He 
was first connected with Ives & Brigham in Salem, 
and then with Stearns & Butler in Boston. Here 
he remained about sixteen months, after which he 
practised alone until November, 1889, when he 
formed a partnership with Charles W. Buder and 
Clinton Gage. Mr. Gage retired from the firm 
in January, 1891, and it has since been Butler 



& Anderson. On May 15, 1889, Mr. Anderson 
married Miss Elizabeth Dodge Harris, daughter 
of Israel Putnam Harris, of Salem ; they have 
one child : Mary Frances. 

Andrews, Augustus, son of William A. and Maria 
B. (Brown), both natives of New Hampshire, 
was born in Freedom, N.H., June 19, 1852. Early 
moving to Boston, he was educated in the public 
schools here and the Boston College. In 1873 
he was admitted to the Suffolk bar, and has been 
engaged in general law-practice ever since. He 
was a member of the Boston school board in 1875. 
In politics Mr. Andrews is a Democrat. He is a 
member of the First Corps of Cadets, the Royal Ar- 
canum, and the Knights of Honor. He was married 
in 1878, and has three children. 

Andrews, Robert Robbins, of Cambridge, was 
born in Boston Aug. 7, 1844, and received his 
early education in the public schools of this city. 
He studied dentistry with the late Dr. R. L. Rob- 
bins, of Boston, and graduated from the Boston 
Dental College in 1875, receiving the degree of 
D.D.S. For seven years he was professor of dental 
histology and microscopy in the Boston Dental Col- 
lege, and at present is one of its board of directors. 
During the Civil War he served as private in the 
Forty-second Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers, 
as sergeant in the Forty-seventh Regiment Massa- 
chusetts Volunteers, later in the Sixtieth Massa- 
chusetts Volunteers as lieutenant, acting first as 
quartermaster of the regiment and then as 
its adjutant. Dr. Andrews is a member of 
many societies, among them being the Massa- 
chusetts Dental Society, the New England Dental 
Society, the Connecticut Valley Dental Society, 
the American Academy of Dental Science, the 
Boston Society of Dental Improvement, and the 
New York First District and the New York Odonto- 
logical Society. He has been president of the 
New England and the Connecticut Valley Dental 
Societies, and is now president of the Massachusetts 
Dental Society. He is also a member of the Amer- 
ican Medical Association; was honorary secretary 
of his section from America to the Tenth Interna- 
tional Medical Congress, held at Berlin in 1890; 
and is corresponding member of many societies in 
Europe. Dr. Andrews is an eminent microscopist, 
and has written valuable essays on dental histology, 
read before the ninth and tenth International 
Medical Congresses, the American Medical Associa- 
tion, and before various State dental and other 
societies. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 




Andrews, William H. H., son of Charles, native of Quincy, Mass. He was a member of John A. 
of Essex, and Dolly (Bradstreet) Andrews, native Andrew Post 15, G.A.R., also of the Massachusetts 
of Rockport, Mass., was born at Pleasant Ridge, Commandery Military Order Loyal Legion. Mr. 

.Andrews married Elizabeth Wood, of Philadelphia, 
Oct. 22, 1873, and three of their children are 
now living, — Thomas W., Isabella J., and Elizabeth 
A. Andrews. 



Angell, George Thorndvke, was born in South- 
bridge, Mass., in 1823. He was an only child, and 
his father. Rev. George Angell, a Baptist clergyman, 
died when he was but three years old. His mother, 
the youngest daughter of Paul Thorndyke, of Tewks- 
bury, supported her little family by teaching school. 
For some years she was teacher of a girls' seminary 
in Salem. Mr. Angell first came to Boston when a 
lad of fourteen, and went to work in a dry-goods shop 
in Hanover street. Here he remained for two or 
three years, and was then sent to an academy in 
Meriden, N.H., to be fitted for college. He first 
entered Brown LTniversity, in the autumn of 1842 ; 
but finding the expenses there higher than he could 
afford, after a year's study he left Providence and 
went up to Hanover, N.H., entering Dartmouth. 
There he graduated in 1846. He then returned to 
Boston, and for three years taught school and studied 
law. The first year he read in the office of Judge 



Me., May 10, 1839 ; died in Philadelphia .\pril 
20, 1892. Fitted for college at Hampden .'\cad- 
emy and the Maine State Seminary, he entered 
Bowdoin in 1861. The following year, on August 8, 
he joined the army as a private in the Eleventh In- 
fantry Maine Volunteers. On the ist of March, 1864, 
he was commissioned first lieutenant and regimen- 
tal quartermaster. .Afterwards he served as act- 
ing adjutant-quartermaster on Gen. R. S. Foster's 
staff, as acting adjutant of his regiment, as post quar- 
termaster at Fredericksburg, Va., as post quarter- 
master, commissary of subsistence, and ordnance 
officer at Warrenton, Va., and was commissioned 
captain Company A, Eleventh Regiment Maine 
Volunteers, Oct. 30, 1865. In 1867 Mr. Andrews 
came to Boston and entered the law office of Charles 
Levi Woodbury and M. E. Ingalls. In 1868 he 
was admitted to the Suffolk bar and succeeded M. 
E. Ingalls (now president of the Big " 4 " railroad 
system) in the practice of the law, associated with 
Mr. Woodbury until 1890. In politics Mr. Andrews 
was a Republican. He has been a member and the 
secretary of the school committee of Hyde Park 
for six years. From 1885 to 1886 he was manager of 
the " Boston Post." He was subsequently president 
and treasurer of the O. T. Rogers Granite ("omiianv 




GEORGE T. ANGELL. 



Richard Fletcher, who was a cousin o 
and thereafter in the office of Charle 



his mother, 
Ci. Loring 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



studying also at the Han'ard Law School. In 1851 
he was admitted to the bar, and entered the office 
of Samuel E. Sewall, with whom he subsequently 
formed a copartnership which continued for fourteen 
years. Mr. Angell early became interested in the 
cause of animals, and in 1864 he provided, by will, 
for the use of a considerable portion of his property, 
after his death, in " circulating in schools, Sunday- 
schools, and elsewhere " information calculated 
to prevent cruelty to them. But his attention was 
most sharply directed to the subject of the need of 
organization for their protection by the beginning 
of Henry Bergh's work in New York, and by several 
cases of cruelty which had come under his own ob- 
servation; and early in 1868 he led actively in the 
formation of the Massachusetts Society for the Pre- 
vention of Cruelty to Animals. At that time he was 
enjoying a large and lucrative practice, but he sub- 
stantially abandoned his profession and devoted his 
energies and the greater part of his time to his phil- 
anthropic work. The society was incorporated in 
March, 1868, and among its most active founders 
was Mrs. William G. Appleton, who ardently sup- 
ported Mr. Angell's work from the beginning. 
Through his energetic efforts from one thousand two 
hundred to one thousand six hundred members and 
patrons were secured for the society within a few 
months after its incorporation ; a new law was 
enacted ; the monthly publication, " Our Dumb 
Animals," the first paper of its kind in the world, 
was started, its first edition of two hundred thousand 
copies ; and prosecuting agents set to work in town 
and city. In 1869 Mr. Angell went abroad and 
further advanced the cause in the old country. In 
London he addressed the Royal Society for the Pre- 
vention of Cruelty to Animals, urging them to start 
a paper similar to " Our Dumb Animals " (which 
they subsequently did), and to spend their money 
widely in humane education ; and he also enlisted 
the warm sympathies of Madam — afterwards the 
Baroness — Burdett-Coutts in this work. Late in the 
season he attended — the only delegate from America 
— the World's International Congress of S.P.C.A. 
Societies at Zurich. Soon after his return from his 
European travels in 1870, Mr. Angell went to Chi- 
cago and took a leading hand in the formation of 
the Illinois Humane Society. During the next 
ten years he lectured in many cities, assisted in the 
formation of other societies, and instituted many 
reforms. In 1882 the first "American Band of 
Mercy " was formed in his Boston office, and in 
1884 three thousand four hundred and three bands 
established in different parts of the country were 
reported. In 18S9 he organized a continental 



society for the definite purpose of forming humane 
societies, bands of mercy, and spreading humane 
instruction over the continent. In 1872 Mr. Angell 
was married to Eliza A. Martin, of Nahant. 

Apollonio, Nicholas Aless.^ndro, was born in 
Stonington, Conn., March 10, 1815 ; died in Bos- 
ton Oct. 30, 1 89 1. When he was a boy his parents 
moved to New York city, where at the age of fifteen 
he entered the office of the "New York .Albion," 
and later, under the cognomen of " Seebright," he 
contributed to the " Spirit of the Times." In 1845 
he came to Boston and edited the " Youth's 
Guide." He became identified with the Free Soil 
party, and was a member of its city committee from 
1848 to 1854. In the latter year he was a candi- 
date for the office of city registrar, and was elected 
by the concurrent vote of the city council, and this 
position he retained until his death, a period of 
nearly forty years. During that time by persistent 
efforts he succeeded in securing what is now recog- 
nized as one of the most efficient registration sys- 
tems in this country. His administration of the 
duties of his office stands as a monument to his 
memory ; and if other proof were wanted the fact 
that he retained his office during the many political 
changes would be sufficient guarantee of his effi- 
ciency. He was prominently identified with the 
Masonic orders, and was a member of the following 
lodges : St. John's, St. Paul's, Adelphi, and St. 
Matthew's Chapter. He had taken the thirty-second 
degree, was junior warden of De Molay Com- 
mandery, and past grand commander of St. Omei 
Commandery. Mr. Apollonio was a man of pro- 
nounced character, and his genial qualities made 
him many friends. He took a broad view of hu- 
manity, and his position afforded frequent opportu- 
nities of doing kindly acts which he loved to do. 
He was married first to Miss Sarah Gibbs, Oct. 29, 
1840; and second, on May 20, 1869, to Caroline 
A. Drowne, daughter of the Hon. Daniel P. Drowne, 
of Portsmouth, N.H. His children were : Lydia A., 
Nicholas T., S.imuel T., Spencer M., and Thornton 
D. .\pollonio. 

Armstrong, George W., born in Boston Aug. 11, 
1836, is a direct descendant of Charles Robert 
Armstrong, one of the original Scotch settlers of 
Londonderry, N.H., whose ancestors were of the 
Scottish lowland clan ."Armstrong, dwelling near the 
English border on the " Debatable Land ; " his fore- 
fothers emigrated from Scotland to the north of 
Ireland, whence he came to America. The father 
of George W. was David Armstrong, born in Wind- 




C/ C^^/7^y77-}t)^ ^^^ 



KOS'lON OF lO-DAY. 



29 



ham, N.H., and his mother was Mahalia (Lovering) 
Armstrong, a descendant of Governor Edward Wins- 
low. He was educated in the Boston public schools, 
and is one of the old " Hawes School bovs." In 
his fourteenth year he was obliged, by the severe 
illness of his father, to leave school, and was soon 
thrown upon his own resources. His first work was 
that of a penny-postman, and his district was the 
whole of South Boston. He was next employed on 
the " South Boston Gazette," the " Sunday News," 
and as a newsboy in State street. In the autumn of 
185 I his father died. In March the fallowing year 
he became a newsboy on the Boston & Albany Rail- 
road, and at this work he was employed for nine 
years. Afterwards, for several months, he was en- 
gaged on the railroad in various positions, as brake- 
man, as baggage-master, as sleeping-car conductor, 
and as conductor on tlie regular trains. Then he- 
left the employ of the company and became man- 
ager of the news business on the road. Three years 
later he became half-owner of the restaurant and 
newsroom in the Boston & Albany ^station, and in 
187 1 the sole proprietor. In 1865 he purchased 
King's baggage-express and organized the " Arm- 
strong Transfer," adding passenger carriages. In 
1882, with the cooperation of Edward .A. Taft, he 
organized the "Armstrong Transfer Company," be- 
coming its president, with Mr. Taft as general man 
ager. In 1869 he purchased the news business of 
the Fitchburg Railroad, and in 1877 extended it 
over the entire Hoosac Tunnel line. In 1875 he- 
extended his restaurant anil news business over the 
Eastern Railroad, and became owner of the restau- 
rants and newsrooms in the Boston station and 
along the line at Portsmouth, Wolfborough Junction, 
and Portland, .^t the same time he owned the res- 
taurants and newsrooms on the Boston & Albany 
line at South Framingham, Palmer, Springfield, and 
Pittsfield. His newsboys are upon all the trains. 
At present (1892) he is the proprietor of the dining 
and news rooms on the Boston & Albany, the Bos- 
ton & Maine, the Fitchburg, and the Old Colony 
systems. Mr. Armstrong was married Dec. 10, 1868, 
to Miss Louise Marston, of Bridgewater, N.H., who 
died on Feb. 17, 1880. His present wife is Flora 
E., daughter of Dr. Reuben (jreene, of Boston, to 
whom he was married on June 7, 1884. His chil- 
dren are Mabelle, Ethel, and George Robert Arm- 
strong. His home is in Hrookline. 

AspiNWALL, WiLLUM, only son of Colonel Thomas 
Aspinwall, who was United States consul at London, 
Eng., from 1815 to 1853, was born in London 
Feb. 16, 1S19. His grandfather was Dr. Wil- 



liam .Aspinwall, of Brookline, a patriot of Revolu- 
tionary days, who took a part with the Brookline 
minute-men in attacking the British troops on 
their retreat from Concord on the memorable 19th 
of April, 1775. His great-grandfather was Isaac 
Gardner, the only Brookline minute-man who was 
killed on that day. He is a direct descendant 
of Peter Aspinwall, of Toxteth Park, near Liver- 




WM. ASPINWALL. 

pool, who came to America in 1630, settled in 
Dorchester, and in 1650 removed to Muddy River 
(Brookline). Here ten years later he built the 
house which stood on Aspinwall avenue opposite 
St. Paul's Church until 1891, when it was taken 
down, as it had become uninhabitable and in a 
dangerous condition. William Aspinwall was edu- 
cated in a private boarding-school at Hammersmith, 
near London, until he was fourteen, and then com- 
inj; to the Lnited States with his father and family, 
entered Harvard in 1834 and graduated in 183S. 
He began the study of law in Cambridge, imder 
Professors Joseph Story and Simon Greenleaf, in 
1840, receiving the degree of LL.B., and continued 
his studies another year in the office of Franklin 
Dexter and George W. Phillips, when he was ad- 
mitted to the bar. From that time to the jjresent 
he has been engaged in the practice of his pro- 
fession. Since 1847 he has been a legal resident 
of Brookline, and has taken an active jiart in its 
affairs as well as in State and national riolitics. I'Vom 



I,^n 



BOSTON OF rO-DAY. 



1850 to 1852 he was town clerk ; in 1851 and 1852 
he represented the town in the lower house of the 
Legislature: in 1853 in the constitutional conven- 
tion; in 1854 he was a State senator from Norfolk 
county; and from 1857 to i860 he was trial 
justice for Brookline, finally resigning this position. 
He has also held the offices of selectman, assessor, 
water commissioner, and trustee of the Public 
Library (now chairman of the latter board). In 
national politics he was a Whig of the Webster 
order until 1861. From 1852 to 1856 he was a 
member of the Whig State committee: in 1856, 
in the Fremont campaign, its chairman, with Fred- 
erick O. Prince as secretary and Peter Butler as 
treasurer. From 1861 to the present time he has 
acted with the Democratic party, serving for many 
years (until 1888, when he resigned) upon its State 
central committee, and as chairman from 1872 to 
the election of Governor Gaston in 1874. In 
1866 he receixed the nomination of his party 
for Congress. He was an ardent supporter of the 
government during the Civil War, and called the 
first meeting in Brookline to urge its vigorous pros- 
ecution. He served two years on the military 
committee of the town, and was at the same time 
secretary of the Massachusetts Rifle Club, at whose 
headquarters in the old Boylston Hall in Boston 
several regiments were recruited and drilled. In 
January, 1848, Mr. Aspinwall was married to Miss 
Arixene Southgate, daughter of Richard King 
Porter, of Portland, Me., a nephew of Senator Ru- 
fus King ; they have three children living ; a 
daughter, now the wife of Dr. W. B. Trull, and two 
sons, Thomas and William Henry Aspinwall, both 
in business in Boston. 

Atkin.son, Byron A., was born in Sackville, N.B., 
Sept. 18, 1852. He attended Mt. Allison Wes- 
leyan Academy, and when fourteen years of age 
went to sea, following that vocation for five years, 
visiting all parts of the world and meeting with 
many startling adventures. In 1870 he came to 
Boston and entered the employment of S. A. 
Woods, machinist. Here he remained two years 
and then established the firm of Miller & Atkin- 
son, repairers of furniture. In June, 1873, he 
established the firm of B. A. Atkinson, which has 
grown to be the largest enterprise of its kind in 
New England. This has been brought about solely 
through the perseverance and ability of Mr Atkin- 
son. His warerooras to-day cover an area of over 
ten acres, and the volume of business is over one 
million five hundred thousand dollars per annum. 
Mr. Atkinson was married Nov. 13, 1878, to Miss 



.Annie N., daughter of Robert Farnsworth : they 
have four children, and at present reside in 
Mattapan. 

Atwoou, Harrison Henry, architect, son of 
Peter Clark and Helen Marion (Aldrich) Atwood, 
was born in North Londonderry, Vt., Aug. 




26, 1863. He obtained his school training in the 
public schools of the Charlestown district and Bos- 
ton proper. For some time after leaving school 
he was in the law office of Godfrey Morse and 
John R. BuUard. Then he studied architecture 
with S. J. F. Thayer for four years, and for a year 
or more was with George A. Clough, formerly city 
architect. After practising his profession in the 
city for some time, in May, 1889, he was appointed 
city architect, and -served in this position during 
Mayor Hart's administration of two years. While 
city architect he completed the legacies in the' way 
of unfinished public buildings left by former admin- 
istrations, namely, the Horace Mann School for 
Deaf Mutes, the South Boston G<-ammar School, 
the Roxbury High School, and several minor build- 
ings : and the new work laid out, completed, or 
under contract during his term of office comprises 
four of the finest public schools in New England, 
namely, the Henry L. Pierce Grammar School, 
Dorchester, the Prince Primary School, Cumber- 
land and St. Botolph streets, the Bowditch Grammar 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



1,31 



School, Jamaica Plain, and the Adams Primary 
School, East Boston. All of these were placed in 
one single contract — a method of doing the public 
u(irk never before adopted by the Architect De- 
partment. Beside these beautiful school-buildings, 
there should be mentioned the four or five engine- 
houses erected for the Fire Department in East 
Boston, Jamaica Plain, South Boston, Brighton, and 
the city proper. Much work was also accomplished 
during these two years for the Police, Water, Sewer, 
and Park Departments, the sum total reaching over 
a million dollars. Mr. Atwood was a member of 
the lower house of the Legislature from the 
Eighth Suffolk District for three years, from 1887 
to 1889 inclusive, and during his service he was 
on the committees on State House, liquor law, 
mercantile affairs, and cities. He was first alter- 
nite delegate from the Fourth Congressional Dis- 
trict to the National Republican Convention at 
Chicago in 1888. He has been a member of the 
Republican ward and city committee since 1884, 
serving as its secretary for four years, and was for 
two years a member of the Republican State central 
committee. He is a member of St. John's Lodge, 
F. and A.M., St. Paul Chapter, Boston Commandery, 
and is also a prominent Odd Fellow. Mr. Atwood 
was married in Boston Sept. 11, 1889, to Clara, 
eldest daughter of John August and Sophie Jo- 
hann (Kupfer) Stein; they have one son, Harrison 
Henry, jr. 

AvERV, Edward, son of General Samuel and 
Mary A. W. (Candler) Avery, was born in Marble- 
head, Mass., March 12, 1828. His father was a 
native of \'ermont, and ser\ed in the War of 
181 2; subsequently settling in Marblehead, he 
commanded the local brigade of militia for fifteen 
years, served many years as a selectman of the 
town, and represented it in the General Court. 
His mother was a daughter of Captain John 
Candler, of English descent. The branch of the 
family with which Edward Avery is connected is 
descended from Samuel .■Xvery, a civil engineer, who 
received a grant of land in Vermont embracing the 
tracts known as Avery's (iores. Edward Avery ob- 
tained his early education in the Marblehead schools, 
finishing in Brooks's classical school in Boston. 
He studied law in the office of F. W. Choate and 
in the Harvard Law School. Admitted to the bar 
in April, 1849, he began practice in the town of 
Barre, Mass. There he remained only until the 
winter of 1S50-51, when he removed to Boston. 
He has since practised continually in this city, 
the 'greater i)art of the time in association with 



George M. Hobbs, under the firm name of Avery 
& Hobbs, and has attained a leading position in his 
profession. In politics Mr. Avery has always been 
a Democrat, and for years has held a prominent 
position in his party. Since 1851, with the excep- 
tion of a few years, he has been a member of the 
Democratic State committee, several terms its chair- 
man ; once he was the party candidate for attorney- 
general of the State, and several times for Congress. 
He was a member of the national Democratic con- 
ventions of 1868 and 1876, and at both represented 
his State on the committee on platform. In 1867 
he was a member of the lower house of the Legis- 
lature, one of the eight Democrats who constituted 
the full strength of that party in the House of that 
year, and served on the committee on probate and 
chancery. In the autumn of 1867 he was a candi- 
date for the Senate, and on the night before the 
election he was also renominated as representative 
in the House. Elected to both positions, he took 
his seat in the Senate. He served as chairman of 
the committee on parishes, and on other important 
committees. Mr. Avery is an active Mason. He 
is a permanent member of the Grand Lodge of 
Massachusetts ; for four years he was district dep- 
uty grand master of the Sixteenth Massachusetts 




EDWARD AVERY. 



district, and for so 
grand warden of 
was first married i 



H- time he 
the (Irand 
1852, to 'Miss Su: 



the office of junior 
odge. Mr. Avery 



i,V 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



daughter of Caleb Stetson, of Boston. For his 
second wife he married Margaret, daughter of David 
Greene, of the well-known old Boston family which 
numbers (lardiner Oreene, Thomas Greene, the 
donor of the fund which bears his name to 'Trinity 
church, and David Greene, sr., a man of wealth 
and mark in his tiiiif, among its membtTs. Her 
grandmother was .\nn 'Temple Nicholson, of dis- 
tinguished English descent, daughter of Commodore 
Samuel Nicholson, the first commodore of the infant 
American navy, and the first commander of the 
frigate " Constitution." iVIrs. Avery's mother was 
Anna Sumner, of Brookline, daughter of 'Thomas W. 
Sumner, a well-known resident of that town, sister 
of the distinguished disco\erer of the Sumner 
method of navigation in use by all nations of the 
civilized world, and cdusin of Charles Sumner, the 
well-known statesman. 

Avers, (Ikorck I)., son u\ l)a\ id and .Martha K. 
(Huckins) .\yers, was born m Boston -Vug. 2(>, 
1857. He fitted for college in the public schools 
of Maiden, and attended Harvard, class of 1S79. 
Then he entered the Harvard Law School, and 
graduated therefrom in 1 88 2. He continued his 
studies in the office of Gaston & Whitney, of this 
city, aiid was admitted to the bar in February, 
1883. 'Two years later he associated himself with 
George Clarendon Hodges. He is a resident 
of Maiden, and has taken an active interest in 
the affairs of that growing city, but he has many 
times declined political preferment. He is an ar- 
dent advocate of the principles laid down by the 
Nationalist jsarty, and is a prominent member of 
that body. He is a forcible and brilliant speaker. 
Mr. Ayers was married Jan. 7, 1885, to Charlotte 
E. Carder, of Milford, Conn. 



BABBFT'T, George Fr.anklin, was born in Barre, 
Mass., Nov. 25, 1848. During his early years 
he lived on a farm and attejided the district school, 
.^t the age of sixteen he went to Phillips (Andover) 
Academy, where he |)repared for college. Entering 
Harvard, he was graduated in the class of 1872. 
Adopting journalism as his profession, he obtained 
a position as a reporter on the staff" of the " Boston 
Post," from which he was soon advanced to the 
editorial deinirtment, in which he did brilliant work. 
He remained with the " Post" until 1877, when he 
was appointed private secretary to Mayor Prince. 
At the close of this service he returned to the 
" Post," and during 1878-79 represented the paper in 
Washington, as its regular correspondent. In 1879 



he was appointed by Mayor Prince a member 
of the board of health, and this ]3osition he still 
holds. 

Bakcock, J.AMES Fr-ANcis, son of Archibald D. and 
Fanny F. (Richards) Babcock, was born in Boston 
Feb. 23, 1844. His early education was accom- 
plished in the public schools of the city. He 
graduated from the Quincy Grammar School in 
1857, and from the F2nglish High School in i860. 
Flntering the Lawrence Scientific School of Harvard 
University, he devoted himself exclusively to the 
study of chemistry under Prof. E. N. Horsford. 
Completing the course of study in 1862, he entered 
upon the practice of his profession as an analytical 
chemist and chemical expert in Boston, where he 
still continues, being at the present time the senior 
chemist (in years of service) in the city. In 1869 
he was elected by the trustees of the Massachusetts 
College of Pharmacy to the professorship of chemis- 
try in that institution. In 1874 he resigned and 
became professor of chemistry in the Boston Uni- 
versity. In 1875 he was appointed by Governor Gas- 
ton to the office of State assayer and inspector of 
liquors, and he was reappointed by (Governors 
Rice, Talbot, Long, Buder, and Robinson until 
1885, when he declined further service anil accepted 
the appointment of inspector of milk, tendered 
to him by Mayor O'Brien, and continuing as such 
until 1889. As assayer of liquors, he suggested 
and advocated legislation defining the term " in- 
toxicating liquor," known as the three per cent, 
limit (since reduced to one per cent.), which was 
incorporated into the statute in 1880. As inspector 
of milk, he originated and introduced new methods 
in the carrying out of the details of the work of the 
office, thereby adding greatly to its efficiency. The 
use of annotta and other coloring matter in milk, 
which had been universal, was almost wholly sup- 
pressed. This was accomplished by the discovery 
and application of new methods for the detection 
of coloring matters, which were original with Prof. 
Babcock and which have now been adopted by milk 
analysts in other cities. During his term of office 
he suggested much new legislation in regard to the 
so-called milk laws, which was adopted and has 
proved to be of great service in preventing the 
general and extensive adulteration of milk, which 
before his administration had been practised. Prof. 
Babcock has given scientific testimony as a chemi- 
cal expert in many important capital cases and 
patent suits in this and other States. He is well 
known as a popular lecturer upon scientific subjects, 
and is the inventor of the Babcock Fire Extinguisher. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAV. 



^^^ 



Babson", Thomas M., was born in VViscasset, Me., 
May 28, 1847. He received his early education in 
the schools of Maine and the Highland Military 
School in Worcester. He came to Boston in 1863, 
and finished his training in the Chainicy Hall 
School. He studied law in the Harvard Law 
School, receiving his degree in 1868, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1870, when he began at once 
the practice of law. He was in St. Louis for two 
years, and then, returning home, resumed his law 
practice here, continuing until 1879, when he re- 
ceived from Mayor Prince the appointment of 
fourth assistant city solicitor, under John P. Healy. 
He was appointed second assistant solicitor in 
1 88 1, and first assistant in 1885, which position he 
held until May, i8gi, when he was appointed cor- 
poration counsel of the city of Boston by Mayor 
Matthews. He was nominated by Mayor O'Brien 
city solicitor in 1888, in the last week of that 
mayor's administration, but was not confirmed. In 
1876-77 Mr. Babson represented Ward 16 in the 
lower house of the Legislature, but with that e.\ce|)- 
tion has held no jjolitical office. 

ISacon, Edwin Munroe, son of Henry and Eliza 
Ann (Munroe) Bacon, was born in Providence, R.L, 
Oct. 20, 1844. His father, born in Boston, son 
of Robert Bacon, formerly of Barnstable, was a 
L'niversalist clergyman and editor, who died in 
Philadelphia \vhen the son was a lad of twelve years. 
His mother was a native of Lexington, and two of 
her ancestors fought in the fight on Lexington 
(Ireen. His early education was mainly attained 
in private schools in Providence, Philadelphia, and 
Boston. He finished his studies in an academy at 
Foxborough, a private and boarding school, which 
flourished for many years under Lmies L. Stone as 
principal, and which fitted many boys for college. 
Prepared for college, he determined not to enter, 
but at once to engage in the work of his chosen 
profession. \t the age of nineteen he became 
connected with the " Boston Daily Advertiser " as a 
reporter, Charles Hale at the time being editor of 
the paper. Here he remained for several years, and 
then resigned to take the editorship of the " Illus- 
trated Chicago News " in Chicago, 111., an enterprise 
which enjoyed a very brief but reputable career. 
From Chicago he returned East, and in the spring 
of 1868 became connected with the "New \'ork 
Times," first as assistant night-editor, subsequently 
becoming night editor, and later managing, or news 
editor, as the position was then called. He was 
most fortunate in securing employment on the 
"Times" (luring the life of Henry J. Raymond, its 



founder. Under him and the late Stillman S. 
Conant, general news-editor during Mr. Raymond's 
later years and subseciuently managing editor of 
" Harper's Weekly," he thoroughly learned the 
journalist's trade. It was during the editorship of 
John Bigelow, who immediately succeeded Mr. 
Raymond, that Mr. Bacon became general news- 
editor. In 1872 Mr. Bacon resigned this position 
on account of ill health produced by overwork, and 
returned to Boston, where he established himself as 
the New England correspondent of the " Times." 
Subsequently he returned to the staff of the " Adver- 
tiser," first serving the paper for several months as its 
special correspondent in New York city and then 
becoming general news-editor. In 1873 he was 
chosen chief editor of the " Boston (ilobe," and for 
five years conducted that paper as an independent 
journal, resigning in 1878 upon a change of policy. 
He again returned to the " Daily .Advertiser," and 
assumed the duties of managing editor. In the 
winter of 1883, upon the retirement of Edward 
Stanwood, then chief editor, Mr. Bacon came into 
full editorial ( harge of the paper, and in the sum- 
mer of 1S84 was made associate editor with Prof. 
Charles !•'. Dunliar, of Harvard College, formerly 
its editor-m-rhief. In January, 1886, when the 
"Advertiser" passed into control of new hands 
and its policy was changed, Mr. Bacon retired, and 
in May, that year, was made chief editor of the 
" Boston Post," when that paper was purchased by 
a number of gentlemen known in politics as Inde- 
pendents. I'nder his editorship the "Post" ad- 
dressed itself to the best citizens in the couununit\- 
as a journal of the first class — independent in 
politics, and fair and candid in its discussion of 
public questions. In the autumn of 1891, when 
the control of the property was sold, Mr. Bacon 
retired. For many years he was the writer of the 
Boston letter to the " Springfield Republican," and 
earlier in his career a special correspondent for 
several Western journals and for the " New \'ork 
Evening Post." He has compiled several books 
on Boston, and written more or less for the press 
upon local historical tojjics. He is the author of 
" Bacon's Dictionary of Boston" (Houghton, Mif- 
flin, & Co., 1886), and is also the editor of " Boston 
Illustrated " (Houghton, Mififlin, & Co.). Mr. Bacon 
was married on Oct. 24, 1867, at Somerville, to 
Miss Ciusta E., daughter of Ira and Hannah Hiil. 
They have one child, Madeleine L. Bacon. 

Bacon, Lewis H., was born in \\'ellsl)orough, Pa., 
.Aug. 7, 1857. After graduating from the high 
school, he learned the carpenter's trade of his 



34 



BOS'l'ON OF TO-DAV. 



fother, who was one of the princiiial huiklers in 
northern Ohio at that time. In 1S77 he entered 
the ofifice of Samuel Lane, an architect, in Cleve- 
land, O., to prepare for the practice of architecture, 
and in 1880 removed to Boston. Here he was en- 
gaged for six years in the office of Messrs. Sturgis 
& Brigham, architects, as draughtsman. Then he 
established himself in the carpentering business, in 
connection with Whidden, Hill, & Co., builders, re- 
maining with them until 1888, when he entered 
into partnership with George W. Morrison, the firm 
of Morrison & Bacon succeeding to the business of 
J. W. Morrison, who had been established for some 
twenty-five years as a master builder. The firm do 
a heavy business in woodwork of every description, 
making a specialty of the interior finish of build- 
ings and offices, and the better class of city resi- 
dences, in hard woods. They contracted for the 
entire interior woodwork of the northerly ])ortion 
of the new Court House, 'i'he Niles Building, a 
large number of houses in the Back Bay district, 
St. Andrew's Church, a number of stations on the 
old Boston & Providence Railroad, and other prom- 
inent buildings, were their contracts. Mr. Bacon is 
a member of the Master Builders' Association and 
the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association. 



Senate in 1874. While in the House, he served on 
the committee on probate and chancery, and was 
chairman of the committees on elections and on 
mercantile affairs, and in the Senate was a member 
of the committee on the Hoosac Tunnel Railroad, 
being prominently identified with the legislation 




Baii.ev, Andrew Jackson, city solicitor of Boston, 
son of Barker Bailey, of the Hanover, Mass., family 
of that name, and Alice, daughter of David and 
Alice Ayers, of Portsmouth, N.H., was born in 
Charlestown, Mass., July 18, 1840. He was edu- 
cated in the public schools of Charlestown and at 
Harvard College, a member of the class of '63. 
Upon the breaking out of the Civil War he enlisted, 
on April 16, 1861, in the Charlestown City Guards, 
Company K, Fifth Regiment Massachusetts Volun- 
teers, and served with that regiment in the first 
battle of Bull Run. At the end of his term of ser- 
vice he returned to Harvard. In 1864 he again 
enlisted, this time in the City Guards, and was 
commissioned second lieutenant. Company H, Fifth 
Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers. Mr. Bailey 
studied law with John W. Pettingill and Hutchins 
& Wheeler of this city. In 1866 he was elected 
clerk of the police court in Charlestown, which 
office he held until his resignation thereof in 1S71. 
In 1867 he was admitted to the bar. During the 
years 1868 and 1869 he was a member of the 
common council of Charlestown, president of that 
body the latter year, and from 1869 to 1872 he was 
a member of the Charlestown school committee. 
He was a member of the lower house of the Legisla- 
ture during the years 187 1, 1872, 1873, and of the 



ANDREW J. BAILEY. 

which finally resulted in the State's acquisition of 
the tunnel. He was also, in the Senate, chairman 
of the committee on labor matters, and reported 
and secured the passage through that body of the 
first bill passed by this Commonwealth regulating 
the employment of women and children in manu- 
facturing establishments. He was a member of the 
common council of Boston for the years 1880 and 
1 88 1, and served as president of that body in 1881 
until November, when he resigned and was elected 
city solicitor of the city of Boston, which office he 
has ever since held by continuous elections or ap- 
pointments. Mr. Bailey was one of the promoters 
of the Soldiers' Home in Massachusetts, and has 
been one of its trustees since its incorporation. He 
is a member of the Massachusetts Commandery of 
the Loyal Legion, and a member of Post ii,G.A.R., 
and has served for two years as judge advocate of 
the Department of Massachusetts, G.A.R. He is 
also a member of the Hugh de Payen Commandery 
of Free Masons, a member of the Fifth Lodge 
of Free Masons, of which he is one of the char- 
ter members, and a member of the Bunker Hill 



HOS'ION OF TO-DAY. 



35 



Monument Association. In January, 1869, he was 
married to Miss Abby V., daughter of John and 
Hannah Getchell, of Charlestown. 

Hailev, Dudlf.v Perkins, son of Dudley Perkins 
and Hannah Barrows (Cushman) Perkins, was 
born in Cornville, Me., Oct. 24, 1843. He was 
educated in the district school of his native 
town, at Monson Ai aileim-, Monson, Me., and at 
Waterville Cullem', now Culhy University, from 
which he graduated ni 1867. Before entering 
college he taught school (in 1862) in St. Albans, 
Me. He studied law with the Hon. William L. 
Putnam, of Portland, Me., and was admitted to 
the bar April 28, 1870. Soon after he removed 
to Massachusetts. He has long been a member 
of the school committee of Everett (1873-74; 
1876-80; 1882-91); has been director or trustee 
of the Everett Public Library from 1878 to date, 
and secretary of the board 1878-92 ; represented 
the town in the lower house of the Legislature in 
1886-87, when he was house chairman of the com- 
mittee on ta.xation ; has lieeii treasurer of the First 
Baptist Church in Everett 1878-92 ; is a life mem- 
ber of the Massachusetts Baptist Convention, and 
has been director thereof 1887-92, member of the 
finnnce committee 1SS9-92, chairman 1892, and 




attorney fo 
has been a 



■ the corporation 1889 to date. 
:ontributor to various periodicals 



1867, and to the " Bankers' Magazine," of New York, 
since 1875. He is author of several pamphlets on 
the " Clearing-house System," which give a greater 
amount of statistical information than can be found 
elsewhere. He is also author of the part relating 
to clearing-houses in a work entitled " Practical 
Banking," by A. S. Bolles, published by the Homans 
Publishing Company ; and he prepared the histori- 
cal sketches of the town of Everett, in Drake's 
" History of Middlesex" (1879), and in Lewis's 
"History of Middlesex County" (1890). He is 
a member of Palestine Lodge, F. and A. M. of Ev- 
erett, and of Royal Arch Chapter of the Taber- 
nacle of Maiden. He is also a member of the 
American Statistical Society. Mr. Bailev is un- 
married. 

Bailey, Holi.is Russell, son of Otis and Lu- 
cinda Alden (Loring) Bailey, natives respectively 
of Andover and Duxbury, Mass., was born in 
North Andover, Mass., Feb. 24, 1852, in the old 
(iovernor Bradstreet house, once the home of Anne 
Bradstreet, the first female poet of America. He 
fitted for college at Phillips (Andover) Academy, 
graduated from Harvard with the degree of A.B. 
in 1877, and from the Harvard Law School with the 
degree of LL.B. in 1878, taking the degree of 
A.M. in 1879. He also studied law with Hyde, 
Dickinson, & Howe, and was admitted to the bar 
in Boston in February, 1880. He began practice 
at No. 30 Court street, in the office of William 
R. Richards, but is now established in the new 
l>;xchange Building on State street. During a part 
of one year he was private secretary to Chief 
Justice (Iray. His practice, though general in 
character, has been largely on the equity side of 
the court. He is an Independent in politics. He is 
a member of the Phi Beta Kappa Society of Har- 
\ard, of the Colonial Club of Cambridge, and of 
the New England Tariff Reform League. In his 
religious views he is a L'nitarian. Mr. Bailey was 
married Feb. 12, 1885, to Mary Persis, daughter of 
ex-(iovernor Charles H. Bell, of i'',xeter, N.H. 
He resided in Boston from 1880 to 1890, Inil is 
now living in Cambridge. 

Baker, .Almena Jane, .\L1)., whn horn in Winter 
Harbor, (louldsborough, Me., .A|)ril 5, 1842. Her 
early education was attained in the common and 
high school of Gouldsborough. In 1876 she grad- 
uated M.D. from the Boston University Medical 
School, and subsequently studied in European hos- 
pitals, spending a year in Vienna, Berlin, and Paris. 
She was phvsician to the Itoston Homcjcopathic 



36 



IIOSTON OF TO-nAY. 



Dispensary for two years, and has been a member 
of the medical staff of the Homeopathic Hospital 
for about seven years. She is also president of the 
" Sunny Bank Home " at ^Vaterto\vn, for conval- 
escent women and children. In 1881 she was sent 
from the American Institute of Homoeopathy as 
a delegate to the International Medical Congress, 
held that year in London. She is a member of 
various other societies, including the Massachusetts 
Homceopathic Medical Society ; the Boston Ho- 
moeopathic Medical Society, of which she has been 
president and also secretary ; the Massachusetts 
Surgical and Clynjecological Society ; the Gregory 
Society; the Alumni Association of the Boston 
University Medical School, at one time its presi- 
dent ; the Society for the University Education of 
Women ; and the Women's Educational and Indus- 
trial Union, serving upon its board of directors. 
Dr. Baker has been a frequent contributor to the 
medical journals. 

Baker, Charles H., son of John ami Elizabeth 
Baker, was born in Roxbury March 12, 185,^, where 
he received a liberal education in the public schools, 
and has since resided. Shortly after graduation he 
entered n well-knmvn merrMntiU- hnn-if in Boston, 




official duties. An active R 
wart 



ihcn he assumed 
can of the " stal- 



his party for place. In 1889 he became interested 
in fraternal insurance, and was one of the founders 
of the Order of j'Egis, the first endowment order 
chartered in Massachusetts. He served two years 
on the board of trustees of this order, and then 
resigned to become a member of the executive 
committee, which position he is still holding. Sub- 
sequently he aided in developing the Order of the 
World, another endowment and life insurance order, 
and was elected to his present office, that of su- 
preme treasurer of the relief and general funds. Mr. 
Baker married Miss Clara S. Davis on June 4, 
1879 ; they have two children : Marion Sinclair and 
Charles Sidney Baker. 

Baker, George Taylor, was born in Cambridge- 
port Sept. 2, 1856. He obtained his early educa- 
tion in the public schools of Chelsea. He then 
attended Brown University, for one year, and 
from there came to the Boston Dental College, 
graduating from the latter institution in 1880. .^t 
the dental college he was associated with Robert 
I,. Robbins, D.D.S., at that time its treasurer. Im- 
mediately after graduating he began his professional 
career alone, succeeding to Dr. Thomas Cogswell's 
practice in 1885. Dr. Baker is a member of the 
.Massachusetts and the New England Dental Socie- 
ties, and of the .American Academy of Dental 
Science. 

Baker, Hkxry A., was born in Newport, N.H., 
Nov. 27, 1848. He was educated in the public 
schools. In 1870 he entered the office of Dr. W. 
F. Davis, and read dentistry with him for two years. 
Then, in 1871 and 1872, he attended the medical 
department of Dartmouth College, and in 1873 be- 
gan the practice of his jirofession in Woodstock, \'t. 
In 1874 he began the study of his specialty, oral 
deformities, and about this time, realizing the lack 
uf dental roo|ieration in ^■ermont, called the 
ilcntist^ (i\ that State together at Montpelier, the 
movement resulting in the formation of a State 
dental society in March, 1877, Dr. Baker being 
chosen vice-president. In 1878 he sold out his 
practice in Woodstock and moved to Boston, where 
he entered the Boston Dental College, graduating 
with honors in 1879, and securing the first prize in 
the senior class. In .\pril, 1879, Dr. Baker was 
chosen demonstrator of the college. He filled the 
position for several years, when he was appointed 
lecturer on oral deformities. This office he held for 
seven years, and then resigned. In 1881 he read a 
paper before the Massachusetts Dental Society, in- 



type, he has several times been the choice of troducing a new appliance for correcting speech 



BOSTON Ol 



cases of cleft palates, and in 1887 he contributed a 
chapter for the " American System of Dentistry " 
on " Obdurators and Artificial Uvula." He is a 
member of the Massachusetts and New England 
Dental Societies, in both of which he has held im- 
portant offices. He is also a member of the Ameri- 
can Academy of Dental Science, and an honorary 
member of the Vermont and the New Hampshire 
State Dental Societies. Dr. Baker is the inventor of 
a pneumatic mallet, an operative stool, and various 
other articles for dental puqioses. 

Balch, Geor(;e Hallet, son of Joseph W. and 
Maria (Hallet) Balch, was born in Jamaica Plain, 
West Roxbury, May 27, 1847. He was educated 
in the public schools. At the age of eighteen he 
entered the counting-room of William Perkins & 
Co., so long well known in the shipping business, and 
at twenty-two he started on a journey round the 
world, in which two years were consumed. Return- 
ing to Boston in 1872, he went into the office of the 
Boylston Insurance Company, fire and marine, with 
which his father had been connected for many 
years, and its president since 1853. He had charge 
of the fire-insurance branch of the business until 
the death of his father in January, 1 891, when he was 
elected to the position thus left vacant, that of presi- 
dent of the company. Mr. Balch is a member of 
the Boston Yacht Club. He is unmarried. 

Ball, Henry I!., architect, son of I'rue M. and 
Alice (Sistare) Ball, was born in Portsmouth, N.H., 
July 27, 1866. He was educated in the schools of 
Portsmouth and in the Massachusetts Institute of 
Technology. After four years spent in the office of 
Peabody & Stearns, he devoted a year to travelling 
and studying architecture abroad. Upon his return 
to Boston he started in business for himself, and 
in 1890 entered into partnership with \\. H. 
Dabney, under the firm name of Ball & Dabney. 
Mr. Ball is a member of the Puritan, Country, 
Union Boat, and .Architectural Clubs, and of the 
National Lancers. 

Ball, Joshua D., son of Walter and Mary Ball, 
was born in Baltimore, Md., July 11, 1828. He 
received a classical education in Baltimore, and 
coming to Boston in May, 1847, began here the 
study of law, while employed in the office of the 
clerk of the United States Circuit Court. He then 
read with Messrs. Chandler & Andrew, and later 
with Hon. Peleg W. Chandler, and was admitted to 
the bar in November, 1840. From 1852 to July i, 
:88i, he was associated with the late Benjamin F. 



Brooks. 


. Moorfield 


Story 


and 


Benjamin 


L. M. 


Tower 


were also 1 


lis pari 


ners 


for a con;- 


iiderable 


time ; i 


md the firii 




A|.- 


il, i:-;X7. h. 


as been 




JOSHUA D. BALL. 

known as Ball & Tower. It is now one of the most 
successful and best-known in the city. Mr. Ball has 
always been a Democrat, but has never devoted 
much time to political life ; he has, however, been 
twice chosen to the common council and was its 
president one year. 

Ball, Josiah Warren, was born in Holden, Mass., 
June 28, 1841. In i860 he entered the army, and 
served in two cavalry regiments. For his bravery 
he was promoted to a lieutenancy. He remained 
in the service until 1865, when he was honorably 
discharged. Returning home, he studied dentistry 
under Dr. Tourtellot, after which he went to Ala- 
bama and was associated with his brother. Dr. S. 
Ball, for three years. He then came to Boston and 
graduated from the Boston Dental College in 1869, 
being a member of the first class to complete a 
course at that institution. His practice in Boston 
has become very extended and lucrative. He is a 
member of the Massachusetts and New England 
Dental Societies. Dr. Ball was first married to Miss 
Elizabeth B. Farrington, of Roxbury. She died 
some years ago. For his second wife he married, 
October, 1879, Miss Edna E. Smith, of St. [ohn, 
N.B. 



138 



SOSl'ON OF TO-DAY. 



Barnes, Charles M., son of Dr. W. A. Barnes, 
of Decatur, 111., was born in Macon County, III, 
Oct. 12, 1854. He fitted for college at Phillips 
(Andover) Academy, and graduated at Harvard in 
1877, and from the Law School in 1880. He 
studied law in the office of Meyers & Warner, and 
was admitted to the bar the same year. He was 
associated as partner with Nathan Matthews, jr., for 
about two years, and is now a member of the firm 
of Barnes, Bond, & Morison, engaged in general 
practice at No. 40 Water street. He was instructor 
in sales in the Harvard Law School in 1882-83. 
He edited the thirteenth edition of Kent's " Com- 
mentaries." He is a member of the Massachusetts 
Reform Club and of the Boston Bar Association. In 
politics he is a Democrat. Mr. Barnes was married 
Oct. 31, 1882, to Lillian J. Young, of Philadelphia. 

Barnes, Henkv J., M.D., was born in Northboro, 
Mass., Feb. 16, 1848. He was educated in that 
town, graduating from Allen's Classical School and 
studying under Rev. Joseph Allen and in the Har- 
vard Medical School, from which he graduated M.D. 




HENRY J. BARNES. 

in 1 87 2. After acting a year as interne at the 
Boston City Hospital, he began the practice of his 
profession here. In 1873 and 1874 he was surgeon 
to the out-patients department of the City Hospital. 
In 1889 he was abroad, attending, as a member, the 
International Congress of Hygiene, which met in 



Paris, and studying European sewage-systems. 
During this time he visited the sewage farms of 
Europe, and through the courtesy of Mayor Hart of 
Boston and Secretary Blaine he was introduced to 
the principal sanitary authorities abroad, and given 
exceptional opportunity to study his favorite subject. 
He was instrumental in obtaining a special com- 
mission to examine the water-supply of Boston, 
. which resulted in excavating the basins in harmony 
with the views he presented ; and he has long been 
an earnest advocate of the utilization of sewage. 
He has written extensively on this subject for sani- 
tary and medical journals, and for the State Board 
of Agriculture. He has lately reported upon the 
system of sewage from Nantucket. He introduced 
the order to take the street-sprinkHng away from 
contractors and have this work done by the city of 
Boston. Dr. Barnes is a member of the Mas- 
sachusetts Medical Society, and one of its council- 
lors. In 1880 he was married to Miss Augustine 
Lelierre, of Paris. 

Barreit, William E., son of Augustus and Sarah 
(Emerson) Barrett, was bofn in Melrose, Mass., 
Dec. 29, 1858. His education began in the public 
schools of his native town, was continued in the 
high school of Claremont, N.H., where his father 
was engaged in manufacture, and finished at Dart- 
mouth College, from which he graduated in 1880. 
Choosing journalism as his profession, immediately 
upon graduation he obtained a position on the 
"St. Albans Messenger," at St. Albans, Vt. Here 
he remained for two years, doing general newspaper 
work and contributing occasionally news despatches 
to New York papers. In 1882 he was given a 
position on the "Boston Daily Advertiser" as a 
correspondent, and after a preliminary experience 
as the " Advertiser's " special in the campaign 
of the summer and autumn of that year in Maine, 
he was sent to Washington as the regular corre- 
spondent of the paper. Here he rapidly developed, 
and soon attained a position among the most active 
men of " Newspaper Row." As a news-gatherer he 
was prompt and alert, and his note and comment 
upon political and other movements were always 
bright and often brilliant. During the national 
campaign of 1884, when the "Advertiser" had 
been transformed from a party organ to an inde- 
pendent journal, Mr. Barrett was assigned to special 
service in the " doubtful " States, and his letters 
and despatches published during the most exciting 
periods of that memorable campaign were among 
the most important and interesting contributions to 
its literature. Although himself a stanch Repub- 



iOSTON OF T()-I)AV. 



'39 



lican, he was given a free hand, his instructions 
being to state the situation as he fouml it, rci^ardless 
of the editorial attitude of the paper ; and this he 
did with remarkable frankness and accuracy. In 
the early part of 1886 the ownership of the "Adver- 
tiser " changed, and it again became a Republican 
paper, the managers who had conducted it as an 
independent journal retiring ; and in June of that 
year, the paper being without a head, Mr. Barrett 
was called from Washington and placed in charge. 
Subsequently he became the editor and publisher, 
and the leading owner of the property. At present 
he holds the positions of president of the .Advertiser 
Newspaper Company and publisher of the " .Adver- 
tiser " and " Evening Record," the latter the even- 
ing edition of the " Advertiser," established in 
September, 1884. In 1887 Mr. Barrett was elected 
to the lower house of the Legislature from his town 
of Melrose. This was the beginning of a political 
career which has been remarkable in many respects. 
Repeatedly reelected, he soon took a leading hand 
in the legislation of the House, and was recognized 
as one of the foremost members. In 1889 he was 
elected to the speakership, and in 1890, i8gi, and 
1892 was reelected ; in e\eryi :i^e receiving a practi- 
cally unanimous \(.)te after his nomination in caucus, 
imtil in 1892, without preliminary caucus of either 
party, he received the absolutely unanimous vote of 
the whole House. In the councils of his party he 
has also been prominent, and in the preliminary 
canvass of 1891 for the Republican nomination for 
governor, he was conspicuous among several men- 
tioned for that position. Mr. Barrett is a member 
of a number of business corporations, of political, 
dining, and other clubs, and of the Masonic bodies 
of Melrose. While a Washington correspondent he 
was clerk of the congressional committer to in- 
vestigate the so-called Copiah outrages. On the 
28th of December, 1887, Mr. Barrett was married, 
in Claremont, N.H., to Miss Annie L. Bailey, of 
that town : they have two children : a son, William 
K., jr., and a daughter, Florence Barrett. 

Bar-] LEiT, CH.ARi,f:s W., was born in Boston on .Aug. 
12, 1845. He graduated from Dartmouth College in 
the class of 1869, and then studied law in the Law 
School of Alban;^, N.Y. He was there admitted to 
the bar in 187 i, and the same year began the prac- 
tice of his profession in Dover, N.H. Two years 
later he came to Boston, and here he has since con- 
tinued in practice. He is now of the firm of Bart- 
lett & Anderson, with offices in the (ilobe Building. 
Mr. Bartlett is a Democrat in politics. He is a 
Mason of high standing, a member of Mt. 'labor 



Lodge, St. John Chajner, De Molay Commandery. 
He was a soldier in the Massachusetts Volunteers, 
and is now commander of John A. .Andrew Post 
No. 15, G.A.R. 



Bateman, Charles J., architec 
Cambridge, March 4, 1851. He 



s horn in 
ducated in 




CHARLES J. BATEMAN. 

the public schools and in the Massachusetts Insti- 
tute of Technology, and then studied architecture in 
the office of Faulkner & Clarke seven years, one of 
which was passed in their Chicago office. For 
three years he was with George Ropes, now of Kan- 
sas, and then began practice for himself in Boston, 
in 1876. In the year 1883 he was elected city 
architect, and appointed again in 1888. During 
his administration he built the 0-street school-house 
and also the school buildings on Auburn street. 
Harbor View, George Putnam, Hammond street, 
and the Roxbury High School ; also an engine- 
house in Charlestown, and other buildings. A 
jieculiar feature of Mr. Bateman's work is that while 
in public office the actual cost of his plans never 
exceeded his first estimates. Mr. Bateman has also 
accomplished much notable work in private prac- 
tice in the way of diunlu-s .lud |Mn»lii;il m hool 
buildings. In this cl:i>s ni \y<nk .w,- ihc piD, hial 
school buildings in (Ivuicstow n, \hililcn, Wiillham, 
and East Boston; the St. Cecilia Church, Back 
ISay district ; the St. Catherine's Church, Charles- 



[40 



JS'lON OF TO-DAY. 



town district : Most Precious Blood, Hyde Park ; 
Sacred Henrt School, East Boston, and others. 
Among larger buildings designed by Mr. Bateman 
are the Carney Hospital, South Boston, Boston Col- 
lege, Home for Aged Poor in Roxbury, and a sim- 
ilar structure in Somer\'ille ; apartment houses in 
Boston, and in Jamaica Plain, West Roxbury 
district; the tomb at Mt. Benedict, West Rox- 
bury district ; the Couch Block in Somerville ; 
and the Hotel Miller. Although the greater portion 
of Mr. Bateman's work is seen in large buildings, 
he has designed many handsome residences in 
the Dorchester and the Roxbury districts, and 
in the cities of Keene and Nashua, N.H. He 
resides in the Roxbury district, with his wife and 
family. 

Bates, Phineas, son of Phineas and Hannah L. 
Bates, was born in Cohasset, Mass., Oct. 30, 1S51. 
The family moved to Boston when he was a lad of 
seven, and here he was educated. He attended 
the Dwight School, from which he graduated, and 
spent one year in the Boston Latin School. In 
May, 187 1, he was elected clerk to John D. Phil- 
brick, then superintendent of schools, which posi- 
tion he held until 1876, when the school board was 
reorganized. Then he served as clerk and as acting 
clerk of the board of supervisors until 1879, when 
he was elected to his present position, that of secre- 
tary of the school committee, which he has filled 
ever since with great efficiency. He has been a 
close student of history and antiquities for many 
years. He possesses a valuable collection of tiocu- 
ments pertaining to the schools of Boston, indexed 
from 1792 to the present time, which cannot be 
duplicated. 

Beach, Henry Harris Aubrey, M.D., is a native 
of Middletown, Conn., and was born Dec. 18, 1843. 
He attended school in Middletown and in Cam- 
bridge, Mass., entering the Harvard Medical School, 
and graduating therefrom in 1868. Four years prior, 
during the Civil War, he entered the army, and was 
assigned to hospital duty, which he continued for 
two years, being honorably discharged in 1866. He 
was appointed surgical house-officer at the Massa- 
chusetts General Hospital, and after a year of ser- 
vice graduated from the Harvard Medical School, 
where he was soon after made assistant demonstrator 
of anatomy, continuing until 1880, when he was 
appointed demonstrator in the same department. 
In 1885 he resigned, and has since devoted his in- 
struction to the department of clinical surgery at the 
Massachusetts General Hospital. Dr. Beach has 



been associated with this institution since 1873, as 
surgeon to out-patients and as visiting surgeon. He 
was at one time in the surgical department of the 
Boston Dispensary. He was president of the Boyl- 
ston Society of Harvard University for 1873-74, and 
for two years was associate editorof the " Boston Med- 
ical and Surgical Journal." He is a member of the 
Massachusetts Medical Society, the Boston Society 
for Medical Sciences, the Society for Medical Im- 
provement, the Society for Medical Observation, 
and has contributed many valuable professional 
articles to the different medical publications. Dr. 
Beach was married in 1885 to Miss Amy M. Cheney, 
of this city, the brilliant pianist and composer, 
whose work is highly appreciated by Boston concert- 
goers. Of her Mass in E flat, announced by the Han- 
del and Haydn Society, as one of the features of 
the season of 1892, it was said in the secretary's 




HENRY 



A. BEACH. 



circular : " All who have obtained acquaintance with 
it are unanimous in their admiration of its beauty, 
brilliancy, and strength. A work of such magnitude 
by a woman makes a positive addition to the history 
of music." 

Beal, Caleb Gray, was born in Cohasset, Mass., 
Sept. 6, 1836. He was educated in the public 
schools. As a boy he began work in Boston, in 
Chandler & Co.'s dry-goods store. Gradually pro- 
moted, he was finally placed in charge of the whole- 



BOSTON OF TO-l)AN- 



141 




V ye:irs. In 


in 1884 ai 


\. Smith cV- 


as a me ml 




as chairm 



CALEB G. BEAL. 



Co., and in 1889 mi 
pro]irietor. 



the business as sole 



Beard, Alanson W'., son of James and Chloe 
Bartlett (Wilder) Beard, was born in Ludlow, \t., 
Aug. 20, 1825. When he was ten years old his 
parents moved to Stockbridge, where he was trained 
for a farmer's life. He was educated in the public 
schools and in his home. At seventeen he became 
a school-teacher, and followed this calling until he 
was twenty-one. At twenty-two he was proprietor 
of a country store in Pittsfield, \'t., which he con- 
ducted until 1853, when he sold out his interestand 
came to Boston. Here, in the autumn of that year, 
he entered the wholesale clothing-business, begin- 
ning as salesman for Whiting, Kehoe, & Galloupe. 
Three years after he left that house and went into 
the business on his own account. Since 1847 he 
has been more or less prominent in public life. In 
the Vermont town where he had his country store 
he held various local offices from 1847 to 1853, in- 
cluding that of postmaster part of the time. From 
1864 to 1866, and again from 1883 to 1885, he was 
a member of the Massachusetts Republican State 
central committee, its chairman in 1875, 1876, and 
1SS5. In 1870 and 1871 he was a member of the 
lower house of the Legislature from Brookline, and 



885 from Boston, serving all these years 
of the committee on finance, in 1870 
of the committee on mercantile af- 
fairs, in 1871 of that on prisons, in 1884 on tax- 
ation, and in 18^5 on finance. He was identified 
with the law of 1881 exempting real-estate mortgage 
notes from taxation, having begun the agitation 
against double taxation in 1 871, and continuing it 
through successive sessions of the Legislature. In 
1868 he was a delegate to the National Republican 
convention in Chicago, and again to that of 1888. 
In 1878 he was appointed collector of the port of 
Boston, which position he held for four years. In 
1886, 1887, and 1888 he was State treasurer of the 
Commonwealth. In 1888 he was the Republican 
candidate for Congress in the Third Congressional 
District, but was defeated by John F. Andrew, the 
Democratic candidate. In 1890 he was again ap- 
pointed collector of the port of Boston, which 
position he now (1892) holds. Mr. Beard was mar- 
ried on Nov. 27, 1848, in Wayland, to Miss Mary 
Calista, daughter of Harvey Morgan ; they have had 
three children: James Wallace (deceased), Ambert 
Wilder (deceased), and Charles Freeland Beard. 

Belcher, Orlaxuo F., son of William B. and 
Esther G. (Fuller) Belcher, was born in North 
Chelsea, Mass., Oct. 15, 1844. He was educated 
in the public schools of his native place, and early 
entered business life. He was first a manufacturer 
of boot-heels, but his genius taking a mechanical 
turn he soon became the patentee and manufacturer 
of the Belcher automatic cartridge-loader. This, 
in 1886, was sold to the LTnited States Cartridge 
Company, and Mr. Belcher gave his attention to the 
development of real estate on the northerly shore of 
Boston harbor, in which he had been for some time 
interested, having owned since 1871 the tract of 
land in Winthrop now known as Cottage Park, the 
improvement of which as a watering-place he had 
begini in 1881. Later he bought the Gen. William 
F. Bartlett estate and the Beacon Villa property near 
by, and brought them into the market. Mr. Belcher 
was married in Winthrop Oct. 16, 1883, to Miss 
Lizzie D., daughter of Nathaniel I.tmt. 

Bell, TH(>^L■\s Franklin, was born in Salem, Mass., 
Oct. 31, 1 83 1. Moving to Boston at an early age, 
he was educated in the old Hawes School. He fol- 
lowed the trade of a house painter for about fifteen 
years, and then entered the real-estate business. 
In October, 1889, he was appointed to the office of 
sealer of weights and measures, to fill the unex- 
pired term of Joseph A. Campbell, and was re- 



14^ 



BOSTON OF 



AN. 



appointed the following year by Mayor Hart. Mr. 
Bell has always been active in politics, has been 
a member of many important committees, and for 
a number of years was chairman of the Ward 14 
committee of his party. He is a member of the 
association of " Old Hawes School Bovs." 

Bellows, How.^rd P., M.D., son of the late 
Albert F. Bellows, N.A., the New York artist, and 
grandson of .-Albert J. Bellows, M.D., of Boston, 
was born in Fall River, Mass., April 30, 1852. His 
early education was acquired in Amherst and New 
York city. Then he entered Cornell University, 
from which he graduated B.S. in 1875 and M.S. 
in 1878. Finally he finished at the Boston Univer- 
sity School of Medicine, graduating in 1879 an 
M.D. Dr. Bellows served one year as resident 
physician in the_ Massachusetts Homoeopathic Hos- 
pital, and practised another year in Boston in asso- 
ciation with Dr. Conrad Wesselhoeft. Then he 
went abroad for a course of further study in Leipsic, 
preparatory for a lectureship on physiology. On his 
return he established himself in Auburndale, Mass., 
where he engaged in general practice, and instruc- 
tion in the Boston University Medical School as 
lecturer and afterwards as professor of physiology. 
During 1884 he left general jiractice for a year, 
studying diseases of the ear exclusively, chiefly in 
New York, Vienna, and Berlin. i\gain returning to 
Boston, he engaged in the special practice of an 
aurist at No. 118 Boylston street. His office is at 
present in the Woodbury Building on the corner of 
Boylston and Berkeley streets, his residence being in 
West Newton, Mass. Resigning the chair of physi- 
ology, he was appointed in 1886 to a lectureship in 
otology in the Boston University Medical School, and 
to a professorship in the same chair in 1888, which 
position he holds at present. He is a member of 
the American Institute of Homceopathy, the Mas-, 
sachusetts Homoeopathic Medical Society, the Boston 
Homoeopathic Society and the Hughes Medical Club. 
Dr. Bellows was married June 20, 1880, to Miss 
Mary A., daughter of Dr. John I,. Clarke, of Fall 
River, Mass. 

BENNE'iT, Kii.MUNi) H., was born in Manchester, 
Vt., April 6, 1824. He is the son of the late Milo 
L. Bennett, who was judge of the Supreme Court of 
Vermont for over twenty years, and who died in 
: 868. He prepared for college at the Burr Semi- 
nary, Manchester, \'t., and also at the academy in 
Burlington in the same State. He graduated from 
the Vermont University in Burlington in 1843, '^'''fl 
after studying law with his father in that city he was 



admitted to the Vermont bar in 1847. .\ year 
later, in 1S48, he came to Boston and began the 
practice of law in this city, and also in Taunton, 
where he has a large clientage. He made his place 




of residence for some years in the latter city, and 
was its first mayor. He was also judge of probate 
and insolvency for Bristol county from 1858 to 
1883, when he resigned. Judge Bennett has edited 
many well-known and valuable legal works, promi- 
nent among them bemg all of Judge Story's books, 
?2nglish Law and Ecjuity Reports, Massachusetts 
Digest, Leading Criminal Cases, Benjamin on Sales, 
Goddard on Easements, and the last four volumes of 
Cushing's Reports of Massachusetts. He has been 
a Republican since the formation of that party, and 
prior to its organization was a Whig. Judge Ben- 
nett was married on June 29, 1853, to Sally, daugh- 
ter of the late Hon. Samuel L. Crocker.. They 
have two children living, Samuel C. Bennett, a 
lawyer and professor and assistant dean of the 
Boston Law School, and Mrs. Mary B. Conant, wife 
of Dr. William M. Conant. 

Bexne'it, Frank P., proprietor of the " Wool and 
Cotton Reporter," and also principal owner of the 
" United States Investor," was born in North Cam- 
bridge, Mass., May 2, 1853. His parents removed 
to South Maiden, now Everett, when he was eight 
months old. He was educated mainly in the schools 



liOS'lON OF TO-DAY. 



14.1 



of Maiden. He entered the Maiden High School at 
the age of twelve years, and graduated from the Chel- 
sea High School in 1870. After leaving school he en- 
gaged in journalism, which profession he has followed 
ever since, for a short time in the West, but mainly 
upon Boston newspapers. In the spring of 1866 
he became the leading editorial writer on the 
"Boston Daily Advertiser." Of his work the late 
John L. Hayes wrote as follows in the Bulletin of 
the National Association of ^Vool Manufacturers : 
" Our New England readers are aware of the change 
which has taken place within the last year in the 
position of the ' Boston Daily Advertiser,' and with 
the great ability with which tariff questions have of 
late been discussed in its columns. The 'Adver- 
tiser ' has been able to assume and sustain its posi- 
tion through the services upon its editorial staff of 
Mr. Frank P. Bennett, for many years previously 
engaged with other Boston newspapers, who by his 
studies and writings upon the tariff and other indus- 
trial questions has become one of the most com- 
petent economical authorities in New England." 
As a financial writer for many years over the signa- 
ture of " E. & O. E." Mr. Bennett became widely 
known. In April, 1887, he established the " Ameri- 
can Wool Reporter," which has now become the 




FRANK p. BENNETT. 



"American Wool and (;«lt.)n Reporter." He has 
offices for his two papers in Boston, New York, and 
Philadelphia, and a large force of travelling corre- 



spondents and agents covering every section of the 
United States. In the Massachusetts Legislature of 
1 89 1 Mr. Bennett was chairman of the committee 
on taxation, and took high rank as an independent 
legislator; in that of 1892, a member of the com- 
mittee on rules, chairman of the important rapid- 
transit committee, and a member of a special 
committee to consider the adoption of a metropoli- 
tan park-system for the suburbs on the north side of 
Boston. In politics Mr. Bennett has always voted 
the Republican ticket, but is a believer in free raw- 
materials. He is a member of the National Asso- 
ciation of Wool Manufacturers, and of the \\'ool 
Consumers' Association and other organizations. 

BENNE'rr, Samuel C, son of Edmund H. Bennett, 
was born in Taunton April 19, 1858. He prepared 
for college at St. Mark's School in Southborough, 
and at the Adams Academy at Quincy. Entering 
Harvard, he graduated in the class of 1879. He 
then studied law with his father and at the Boston 
University Law School, graduating from the latter in 
June, 1882. In January, 1884, he was admitted to 
the bar, and has since practised his profession in 
this city. He is also assistant dean and professor 
at the Boston University Law School. Mr. Bennett 
is an Independent in politics, an Episcopalian in 
religion, and a member of the Puritan Club. 

Bentox, JosiAH H., JR., was born in Addison, 
\t., Aug. 4, 1843. He pursued his early studies at 
Bradford Academy, ^'ermont, and at the New Lon- 
don Institute, New London, N.H. Graduating 
from the Albany Law School, he was admitted to 
the bar in the spring of 1866. Mr. Benton began 
practice in Bradford, Vt., going from that place to 
Lancaster, N.H., where he remained till 1873. In 

1869 and 1870 he was private secretary to the 
governor of the State of New Hampshire, and in 

1870 and 1872 was clerk of the House of Repre- 
sentatives. In 1873 he removed to Boston, where 
he has since resided. He has an extensive and 
varied general practice, and has also been general 
counsel for the Old Colony Railroad and Steamboat 
Companies since 1878. Since 1879 he has been 
a director and counsel of the Northern Railroad 
of New Hampshire, and he has engaged in most of 
the important railroad litigation in that State. In 
the trial of cases he is thorough in their preparation 
and conduct, quick to grasp a situation, and far- 
sighted in the interests of his clients. For the past 
five years he has lectured on " Railroad Corpora- 
tions " before the Law School of the Boston L'ni- 
versity. During the C'ivil \\'ar he served as a private 



f44 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



in the Twelfth Vermont Volunteers, and is now a 
member of Edward Kinsley Post, G.A.R., in Boston. 
His great-grandfather was a captain in the Conti- 




nental army, and Mr. Benton has in his possession 
an autograph order written by Gen. Washington 
to Capt. Benton, at Valley Forge. 

Berry, John King, son of Nehemiah Chase and 
Hannah H. (King) Berry, was born in Randolph, 
Mass., Nov. 8, 1854. He acquired his educa- 
tion in the Roxbury Latin School, from which he 
graduated in 1872; and at Harvard College, 
graduating in 1876. Subsequently he attended the 
Boston University Law School, and in 1880 was 
admitted to the Suffolk bar. In 1890 he was 
admitted to practice in the United States courts. 
He is a member of the firm of Berry & Upton, 
No. 166 Devonshire street, attorneys for the Master 
Builders' Association, and is also in general practice. 

Besarick, John H., architect, born in New York, 
acquired his architectural education in Boston, for 
eight years associated with S. J. F. Thayer. In 
1869 he went into business on his own account, 
and for fifteen years his office was in Pemberton 
square ; he is now at No. 33 Bedford street. Mr. 
Besarick has done much work on Catholic as well 
as Protestant structures, the St. John's Seminary, the 
St. John's, St. Patrick's, and other parochial schools, 



seminaries in Brighton, and churches in Glou- 
cester, Rockland, and Whitman, all showing evi- 
dences of his skill. Other work of his is shown in 
the People's Church, Emmanuel Church, St. James 
.Swedenborgian Church, Roxbury District, and sev- 
eral others ; in a number of school-houses, the 
Hotels Gladstone, Rochdale, and Nightingale, and 
in many residences : that of J. W. Converse on 
Beacon street, and a number of others in the Back 
Bay district, possess many fine interiors designed 
by him. Mr. Besarick was married, in Boston, to 
Elizabeth Morrill. He resides in the Dorchester 
district. 

BiGELow, George B., son of Samuel and Anna 
J. (Brooks) Bigelow, both natives of Massachusetts, 
was born in Boston April 25, 1836. He graduated 
from Har\'ard in 1856, and studied law in the Law 
School two years, and afterwards with Dana & Cobb, 
a famous firm of that day. Admitted to the bar in 

1858, he began practice in i860 in Boston, and 
has continued in the profession successfully ever 
since, having done mostly chamber practice, per- 
taining to mercantile, real estate, and probate mat- 
ters, and corporations. He has been counsel for 
the Boston Five Cents Savings Bank (one of the 
largest in the State) for seventeen years. He has 
affiliated with the Republican party in politics, but 
is Independent in his views. He is a member of 
the Boston Athletic Association, the Boston Art 
Club, and the Bostonian Society. 

Bigelow, Jonathan, president of the Boston Fruit 
and Produce Exchange, was born in Conway, Mass., 
and traces his ancestry back in the seventeenth 
century. He was born on the 1st of January, 1825, 
and is the oldest of a family of ten children. When 
nine years old he left home to reside with his uncle 
in Charlestown, and when the latter subsequently re- 
moved to Brighton, he went with him and assisted him 
on a farm. During the winter months he attended 
school, and took advantage of every opportunity for 
the acquisition of knowledge. When nineteen years 
of age he went South and taught school in Scre\-en 
county, (Georgia, sixty miles from Savannah. This 
was in 1844. The next year he returned North, 
and established a boot and shoe business in Rox- 
bury, which was successfully carried on for ten 
years. Meanwhile he had studied the produce trade, 
and in 1857 he established himself in this business 
at No. 3 North Market street, subsequently, in 

1859, removing to No. 23 the same street, where he 
ha.s since remained. The firm was first known as 
Perry & Bigelow, then by its present title of Jona- 



SOSTON OF ro-nAV. 



-45 



han Bigelow & Co., then Rigelow & Magee, and 
[gain, in 1S65, Jonathan Bigelow & Co. It is one - 
)f the oldest produce commission-houses in the 
:ity. Mr. Bigelow was elected to the Legislature 
n 1887, from the Sixteenth Middlesex District, his 
esidence being in Watertown. In 1888 he was 
;lected president of the National Butter, Cheese, and 
•^gg Association, which position he still holds. 

.yman W. Bigelow, of Norwood, ^lass., was born in 
hat town July 11, 1865. He was educated in the 
)ublic schools of Norwood, and was graduated from 
he Har\'ard Dental School in June, 1886. After 
traduating he was with Prof. Thomas Fillebrown, 
it Portland, Me. Here he remained two years, 
rhen coming to Boston in February, 1888, he 
las since practised his profession in this city at 
Vo. 3 Park street. He is a member of the 
harvard Odontological Society. Dr. Bigelow was 
iiarried June 24, i8go, to Miss Elizabeth, daughter 
)f Charles H. and Rebecca T. Hartshorn, of 
A'alpole, Mass. They have one son, I )ana Harts- 
lorn Bigelow. 

BiNNEV, .\RiHL'k A., was born in ISoston in 1865, 
md educated in the Roxbury Latin School and the 
Institute of Technology. He studied naval archi- 
;ecture, and entered the office of Edward Burgess 
n January, 1888. Upon the death of Mr. Burgess, 
n 1891, he became a partner in the new firm of 
Stewart & Binney, which succeeded to the business 
eft by the eminent yacht designer and builder. 

Bird, Francis William, son of George and 
Martha (Newell) Bird, was born in Deilham, 
Mass., Oct. 22, 1809. He attended the public 
schools of Dedham and Walpole until 1824, then 
Day's Academy, in Wrentham, Isaac Perkins, pre- 
:eptor. Here he fitted for college, entered Brown 
University in 1827, and was graduated in the 
:lass of 1 83 1. He began business as a paper- 
maker in 1833. This industry he has followed and 
done much to develop, continuing in it continu- 
ausly to the present time. He has associated with 
himself various partners at different times, but 
ilways held control of the business, and in 1882 
the firm became F. W. Bird & Son, having with 
him as i)artner Charles Sumner Bird. Their mills 
are at East Walpole, where Mr. Bird now resides. 
He was member of the House of Representatives 
in 1847, 1848, 1867 and 1869, 1877 and 1878 ; and 
of the State senate in 1S71. He was also a member 
of the executive council with (lovernor llnutweil 



in 1 85 2, and with Clovernor .Andrew in 1863, 1864, 
and 1865. He was especially active in matters that 
pertained to the general public policy ; fought Know- 
nothingism with a will in 1854 ; and was strenuously 
opposed to the Hoosac Timnel scheme. He has been 
a typical Independent in his political associations. 
He was a Whig until 1846 ; a C'onscience Whig 
until 1848; a Free Soiler until 1856; a Republican 
until 1872; a Liberal Republican until 1874; and 
an Independent Democrat to date. Mr. Bird was 
member of the Massachusetts constitutional con- 
vention in 1853. He has ever been a man of great 
nervous energy and strong individuality. He has 
the courage of his convictions, and always moves in 
accordance with their promptings. He is a man 
very widely known in commercial and political cir- 
cles, and probably has enjoyed the friendship of as 
many of the leading men of the State as any living 
man. Not a stain rests upon his character, not a 
suspicion attaches to the sincerity of his purpose. 
Outliving mgst of his comrades who have made the 
State so illustrious by their wise counsel and patri- 
otic labors, he still takes a keen and lively interest 
in all that tends to keep Massachusetts in the van 
of every philanthropic cause and movement towards 
true reform. Mr. Bird was first married in Provi- 
dence, R.I., Jan. I, 1834, to Rebecca Hill, daugh- 
ter of Benoni and .Amy (Brown) Cooke, who died 
Feb. s, 1835. He again married, June 20, 1843, in 
Boston, Abby Frances, daughter of Joseph R. and 
Mary (Reynolds) Newell. Of this union were six 
children : Frances Newell, F. W., jr. (deceased 
1874), Mary Reynolds, Charles Sumner, Caroline 
Augusta, and Rebecca Hill Binl. 

BiR'i WELL, JosEi'H, was born in England forty-four 
years ago, and has been engaged in the structural 
iron business all his life. In 1870 he established 
himself in busines-, m l.imdon, and in 1882 came 
to Boston and began Iwsiness at No. 60 Broad 
street, under the firm name of Joseph Birtwell & 
Co. Since this time he has been the largest im- 
porter of iron and steel beams and girders in the 
United States, and has furnished his materials for 
some of the largest buildings in the country, among 
them being the Texas State Capitol Building, the 
New England Mutual Life Insurance and the 
Massachusetts Life Insurance Companies' Buildings 
in Kansas C'ity, the new Suffolk County Court House, 
the new Public Lilirary Building, the Pierce Build- 
ing, the Massachusetts Life Insurance Building, the 
Boston Tavern, the .Albion Building, the Tudor, 
and n number of other public and private build- 
uv'-^ in llo>t,,n and other cities. Mr. P.irtwell is 



L46 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



also extensively engaged in bridge, tower, and via- 
duct work. He is a member of the Master Builders' 
Association. He resides in the Dorchester district. 

BiACKALL, CL.4RENCE H., architect, was born in 
New York Feb. 3, 1857. He received the degree 
of B.S. and M.A. in the University of Illinois, and 
studied his profession in the School of Fine Arts in 
Paris. He was the first to enjoy the benefit of the 
Rotch ^'ravelling Scholarship, and the valuable ex- 
perience he received abroad has shown itself in his 
later work. He entered the office of Messrs. Pea- 
body & Stearns in this city, and remained there 
eight years, beginning practice as architect, for him- 
self, in 1888 in Music Hall Building, Hamilton 
place. He is the architect of the Old Cambridge 
Baptist Church, large warehouses on Purchase 
street, Boston, and fine residences in Brookline, 
AUston, Cambridge, and \\'ollaston. Among the 
houses he has designed in Brookline are those of 
E. Story Smith, F. E. James, AV. I. Bowditch, 
David K. Horton, and his own residence. He is 
also the architect of the Church of Our Saviour at 
Roslindale, the Peabody Building, Salem, and the 
Bowdoin Square Theatre, Boston. Mr. Blackall 
was the organizer of the Architectural Club, and 
was chosen its first president, which position he 
still holds. He was also one of the organizers of 
the Architectural League of New York, and is gener- 
ally interested in all matters of art. In a short 
space of a few years Mr. Blackall has acquired an 
acquaintance and reputation which has placed him 
in the front rank of his profession. He was mar- 
ried in 1883 to Miss Emma Murray, and resides 
in Cambridge. 

Bu-iCKMAK, W. \\'., (leneral, was born in Pennsyl- 
vania in July, 1 84 1. His father was a clergyman, 
and moved to Boston when the son was a small l)uv. 
He went through the Brimmer School and the 
Bridgewater Normal School. He was fitting for 
college at Exeter, N.H., when the war broke out. 
He discarded his books and took up a sabre. He 
enlisted as a private in the Fifteenth Pennsylvania 
Cavalry, and was promoted through all the non- 
commissioned grades until he became orderly ser- 
geant of his company. He was then promoted to a 
lieutenancy and transferred to the F'irst West \k- 
ginia Veteran Cavalry, one of Custer's famous regi- 
ments. He was next promoted to a captaincy on 
the field of Five Forks by General Custer, after he 
had taken the colors across a deep gully under a 
heavy fire of the enemy. 'i'he brigade rallied 
around the colors and continued the fight to a suc- 



cessful termination. He was detailed as adjutant- 
general of his brigade, and afterwards made provost- 
marshal of the division, in which capacity he served 
to the end of the war, being present at Lee's sur- 
render at Appomattox. Among the battles in which 
he took part were Antietam, Stone River, Chicka- 
mauga, Chattanooga, the Shenandoah Valley cam- 
paigns, the battles around Richmond and Petersburg, 
Sailor's Creek, F'ive Forks, .Appomattox Court House, 
and several others. After the vi'ar he resumed his 
studies and graduated from the Harvard Law School. 
He is now enjoying a large practice, and has charge 
of several large trust estates. He was the first com- 
mander of Post 113, (i.A.R., and was judge-advo- 
cate of the Department of Massachusetts. He has 
always taken an active interest in politics — a stanch 
and sturdy Republican, but with the exception of 
service in the city council early in life he has steadily 
refused to hold political office. He was for twelve 
years judge-advocate-general of the Commonwealth. 
He is an able and eloquent speaker. He is a member 
of the Loyal Legion, and is a Mason. He is director 
in several large corporations, including the Nantasket 
Beach Steamboat Company, the Hamilton Woollen 
Company, and the Boston National Bank. 

Bi.AiR, Is.A.AC, was born in Truro, N.S., and was 




ISAAC BLAIR. 



educated at Mt. Allison College, Sackville, N.B. 
He learned his trade in Boston, and began business for 



'Sl^ 




a-. 



C^c^G^ 



r^eJL, 



liOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



H7 



hiiiisL'lf here in 1885. One of his most important 
undertakings was the raising of the old United States 
Court House Building, on the corner of I'remont 
street and Temple place, now the dry-goods estab- 
lishment of R. H. Stearns & Co. This was a stone 
structure 80 by 60 feet, and it was raised to a height 
of 32 feet from the sidewalk. Other successful 
undertakings were the raising of an iron tank, 35 
feet in diameter by 40 feet high, to a position on 
brick walls 45 feet high ; the raising of the great 
roof of the Columbia skating-rink 25 feet, when 
the building was reconstructed into the Grand 
Opera House ; and the raising of the old Catholic 
Cathedral, on the corner of Washington and Motte 
streets, a brick structure 80 by 75 feet, to the full 
height of 37 feet and i inch. Mr. Blair is mar- 
ried and has two children: l-'.thel M. and (leorge 
A. Blair. 

Hi.AKi:, Fr.\ncis, son of Francis and Caroline (Trum- 
bull) Blake, was born in Needham, Mass., Dec. 25, 
1850. He is of the eighth generation descended 
from William and Agnes Blake, who came to 
America from Somersetshire, England, in 1630, 
and settled in Dorchester. This ancestor was a 
distinguished leader in colonial affairs, and his de- 
scendants have kept his name in honorable prom- 
inence to the present time. Mr. Blake was edu- 
cated at public schools until 1866, when his uncle. 
Commodore George Smith Blake, U.S.N., secured 
his appointment from the Brookline High School to 
the United States Coast Survey, in which ser\'ice he 
acquired a scientific education which has led to his 
later successes in civil life. Mr. Blake's twelve years 
of service on the Coast Sur\'ey have connected his 
name with many of the most important scientific 
achievements of the corps, his active career in which 
closed with the following correspondence : 



Weston, Mass., April 5, 187S. 
Sir: I'riv.itu affairs not permitting me at present to dis- 
charge my official ilutics, I respectfully tender my resignation 
as an assistant in the United States Coast Survey. It is impossi- 
ble for me to express in official language the regret with which 
1 thus close my twelfth year of service. 

Very respectfully yours, 

Francis Hlake, 
.Iss/. i'.S. Coasl Survey. 
To the Hon. C. P. Pa-itekson, 

Siipt. C.S. Coast Survt-y, Washington., D.C. 

I .S. Coast Survey Office, 

Washington, April 9, 1878. 
SiK : I regret very greatly to have to acknowledge the re- 
ceipt of your letter of .\pril 5, tendering your resignation as 
an assistant of the United States Coast Survey. I accept it 



w ith the greatest reluctance, and beg to express thus officially 
my sense of your high abilities and character — abilities trained 
to aspire to the highest honors of scientilic position, and char- 
acter to inspire contidence and esteem. So loath am I to sever 
entirely your official connection with the survey that I must re- 
quest ycu to allow me to retain your name upon the list of the 
survey as an " extra observer, " under which title Prof. B. 
Peirce, Prof. Lovering, Dr. Gould, Prof. Winlock, and others 
had their names classed for many years. This will, of course, 
be merely honorary ; but it gives me a "quasi" authority to 
communicate with you in a semi-official way as exceptional 
)n may suggest. Your resignation is accepted, to date 



espectfuUy, 
C. P. P. 



Supt. Coast Survey. 



During a greater part of the last two years of 
his service in the Coast Survey, Mr. Blake was at 
his Weston home engaged in the reduction of his 
European field-work connected with the determina- 
tion of the differences of longitude between the 
astronomical observatories at Cireenwich, Paris, 
Cambridge, and Washington. In his leisure mo- 
ments he had devoted himself to e.xperimental phys- 
ics, and in so doing had become an enthusiastic 
amateur mechanic ; so that at the time of his resig- 
nation he found himself in possession of a well- 
equipped mechanical laboratory and a self-acquired 
ability to perform a variety of mechanical opera- 
tions. Under these conditions, what had been a 
pastime naturally became a serious pursuit in life ; 
and within barely a month of the date of his resig- 
nation Mr. Blake had begun a series of e.xperiments 
which brought forth the Blake Transmitter, as pre- 
sented to the world through the Bell Telephone 
Company in November, 1878. Mr. Blake's inven- 
tion was of peculiar value at that time, as the Bell 
'Telephone Company was just beginning litigation 
with a rival company which, beside being financially 
strong, had entered the business field with a trans- 
mitting telephone superior to the original form of 
the Bell instrument. The Blake Transmitter was 
far superior to the infringing instrument, and en- 
abled the Bell 'Telephone Company to hold its own 
in the sharp business competition which continued 
until, by a judicial decision, the company was assured 
a monopoly of the telephone business during the life 
of the Bell patents. 'There are to-day more than 
215,000 Blake 'Transmitters in use in the United 
States, and probably a larger number in all foreign 
countries. Since its first invention Mr. Blake has 
kept up his interest in electrical research, and the 
records in the patent office show that twenty patents 
have been granted to him during the last twelve 
years. .Mr. Blake's life ni Weston began June 24, 



148 



HOSrON OF I'O-DAY. 



1873, on which day he was married to Elizabeth I,., 
daughter of Charles T. Hubbard. In the year of his 
marriage there was the beginning of " Keewaydin," 
the beautiful estate in the south-eastern part of the 
town which has since been his home and the birth- 
place of his two children — Agnes, born Jan. 2, 
1876, Benjamin Sewall, born Feb. 14, 1877. Mr. 
Blake has been a director of the American Bell 
Telephone C'ompany since November, 1878. He 
was elected fellow of the American Association for 
the Advancement of Science in 1874, fellow of the 
.•\merican .Academy of Arts and Sciences iSSi, 
member of the National Conference of Electricians 
1884, member of the American Institute of I'^lec- 
trical Engineers 1889, member of the corporation 
of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology 1889, 
member of the Boston Society of Civil Engineers 
1890. He is a fellow of the American (ieographi- 
cal Society, member of the Bostonian Society, 
member of the Boston Society of the Archaeological 
Institute of America, and has for many years been 
appointed by the Board of Overseers of Harvard 
College a member of the committee to visit the 
Jefferson Physical Laboratory. He is a member of 
the most prominent social clubs of Boston, and his 
active interest in photography has led to his election 
for many years as vice-president of the lioston 
Camera Club. 

Blakk, Oeorc;k Fordvce, is descended from one 
of our oldest New P^ngland families, and one that 
has an honorable record. His ancestor, William 
Blake, came to this country from Little Baddow, 
Essex, Eng., in 1630, and settled in Dorchester. 
In 1636 he removed, with ^ViHiara Pynchon and 
others, to Springfield ; but his descendants for three 
generations continued to reside in Dorchester and 
Boston; two of them held the office of deacon of 
the church and selectmen of the town, and (jne 
was a member of the General Court. At the period 
of the outbreak of the war for Independence we find 
Increase Blake living in Boston, on King (now 
State) street, near the scene of the Boston Massa- 
cre, and engaged in the manufacture of tin-plate 
goods. His public-spirited refusal to supply the 
British with canteens, which he had furnished for 
the provincial troops, aroused the retaliatory spirit 
of the 'Lories ; his shop and other property were 
destroyed, and after the battle of Bunker Hill he 
found it expedient to remove to \Vorcester, Mass. 
His son, Thomas Dawes Blake, the father of the 
present representative of the family, was born in 
Boston in 1768, and was educated in the schools 
of Worcester. He was engaged for a few years in 



teaching, then studied medicine, and later settled at 
Farmington, Me., where he continued in the prac- 
tice of his profession until his death, in 1849. 
Oeorge Fordyce Blake was born in Farmington, 
Me., May 20, 1819. At the early age of fourteen 
he was apprenticed to learn the trade of house- 
carpentry. In 1839 he left his native town, and first 
went to South Danvers (now Peabody), where he 
remained seven years, working at his trade. From 
that place he went to Cambridge to take the posi- 
tion of mechanical engineer at the brickyards of 
Peter Hubbell, with the general charge of the works. 
While thus employed he devised a water-meter, for 
which he received his first patent in 1862. After 
the removal of the brickyards to Medford, it was 
found that the clay obtained there could not be 
worked with the ordinary machinery, and Mr. Blake 
])lanned and constructed a new machine for pulver- 
izing the clay, which was patented in 1861. In 
order more efficiently to free the clay-pits from 
water, he invented what is perhaps his greatest 
achievement, — the Blake Steam-pump, — and thus 
laid the foundation of his fortune. 'Lhe practical 
testing of his pump at the yards proving its great 
capacity, he, in company with Job A. 'I'urner and 
his former employer, Peter Hubbell, began in 
1864 the manufitcture of steam-pipes and water- 
meters in a building on Province street, Boston. 
'I'he business grew so rapidly that several successive 
removals to better quarters were necessary, and in 
1873 the firm purchased and occupied the large 
building on the corner of Causeway and Friend 
streets. Their foundry for large castings was at 
East Cambridge. In 1874 a joint-stock company 
was incorporated under the title — " The Cieorge 
F. Blake Manufacturing Company," with George F. 
ISlake as president. In 1879 it purchased the 
large plant of the Knowles Steam-pipe Company, 
at Warren, Mass., thus greatly extending its facili- 
ties. It was, however, found necessary in 1890 to 
remove the Boston manufactory to East Cambridge, 
where extensive works were erected, covering four 
acres, with a main building of four hundred feet 
long by one hundred feet broad, with every con- 
venience for the successful prosecution of the work. 
The business has been recently sold to an English 
syndicate, though Mr. Blake still retains an interest. 
In the course of his successful career Mr. Blake 
has given unremitting attention to his business, and 
has brought his intelligent judgment to bear upon all 
its various details. For a long time, until the growth 
of the business made that an impossibility, all the 
plans and drawings for the special ada])tation f>f 
the machinery were nr.ide under his personal super- 




<^/0^f^^ 



i-^e^ 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



149 



\isioii. The result is seen in the vast l)nsiness that 
has grown up. The Blake ininips have gone to all 
parts of the world and have been adapted to every 
(onreivable use, some of them, constructed for sup- 
|ilying cities with water, having a capacity of twenty 
million gallons in twenty-four hours. In 1869 
Mr. Blake removed to Belmont. His beautiful 
home stands on a breezy hill overlooking a wide 
stretch of country to the northward and westward 
of Boston, and is surrounded by fine trees and well- 
kept lawns. 

B1.AKK, S. FARKi\L\x, was born in Boston Nov. lo, 
1835. He was engaged for a number of years in 
commercial business in Philadelphia, Pa., deahng in 
yarns and dry goods consigned from New England ; 
then returning to Boston in 1872, he entered the 
real-estate business, which avocation he still pur- 
■sues at No. 19 Exchange place. In that time he 
has developed a widespread connection and an ex- 
tensive patronage, including among his customers 
many leading capitalists and property owners. He 
is a recognized authority in regard to values of resi- 
dential and business properties in the city and its 
neighboring towns, and has placed many heavy 
loans and negotiated extensive trusts. Mr. Blake 
was one of the early members of the Real Estate 
Exchange and .Auction Board, and has been in the 
board of directory since the opening of that insti- 
tution. 

Bi.AKK, WiLi.iA.M P., son of Edward and Mary J. 
(l)ehon) Blake, was born in Dorchester July 23, 
1846. He was educated in the local schools and 
at Harvard, graduating in 1866. Subsequently he 
studied law in the Harvard Law School and with 
Hutchins & Wheeler, and was admitted to the bar 
in September, 1869. He practised with his father 
until the latter's death in 1873, then continued the 
office and business, with cases and care of trusts. 
IvArlier he did much in conveyancing. He was a 
Reimblican until Blaine's candidacy for the presi- 
ilency, and is now independent in politics. He is a 
member of the Tavern, St. Botolph, and .\thletic 
Clubs, and of the Boston P>ar Association. 

B1.ANCHAKI), Bknjamin Seavkk, son of William and 
Mary E. (Seaver) Blanchard, was born in Roxbury 
on Sept. 22, 1856. He comes of an old Massa- 
chusetts family. His grandfather, Benjamin Seaver, 
was mayor of Boston for three terms, from 1852 to 
1854. He obtained his early education in the pub- 
lic schools, and graduated from Harvard Medical 
School in 1882. He began the practice of his pro- 



fession in the Roxbury district, and afterwards re- 
moved to Brookline, where he still resides. He was 
married in 1887, and has one son, l''essenden S. 
lilanchard. 

Blood, Hir.mi .^liiko, son of Ezra and I.ydia 
.\nn (Jefts) Blood, was born in Townsend, Mass., 
Feb. 3, 1833. He re<;eived an academical educa- 
tion in the town of his birth. At the age of eigh- 
teen he went to Worcester in search of employment. 
Two years after he entered the commission-house 
of Bliss, Sutton, & Co., in that city, as a clerk, and 
the following year (in 1854) became a member of 
the firm, at which time he opened a branch house 
in Fitchburg and went there to live. In 1857 he 
dissolved his connection with Bliss, Sutton, & Co., 
and entered into a copartnership with William O. 
Brown, of Fitchburg, imder the name of Blood & 
Brown. This firm existed until i860, when Mr. 
Brown withdrew to enter the United States army, 
becoming a major of the Twenty-fifth Regiment, 
and a new firm was formed under the name of H. 
A. Blood & Co., which continued the business. In 
1865 Mr. Blood withdrew from all mercantile pur- 
suits, and became entirely interested in railroads, 
to the construction and operation of which he has 
ever since given his time and attention. In 1865 
he was connected with the Fitchburg & Worcester 
Railroad as a director, and as its superintend- 
ent and general manager. He afterwards built, or 
was largely instrumental in building, the Boston, 
Clinton, & Fitchburg, the Framingham &: Lowell, 
the Mansfield & Framingham, and the Fall River 
Railroads, of which he successively became super- 
intendent and general manager. Subsequently he 
united and consolidated them, together with the 
New Bedford & Taunton and the Taunton Branch 
Railroads, into one system, under the name of the 
Boston, Clinton, F'itchburg, & New Bedford Rail- 
road Company, reaching from Fitchburg and Lowell 
in the north to Mansfield, Taunton, New Bedford, 
and Fall River in the southern part of the State. 
This system of railroads was for a time o|)erated by 
him as general manager, and was afterwards con- 
solidated with the Old Colony Railroad Company, 
of which it now forms an important part. In the 
construction of these railroads, and in their subse- 
([uent ojjeration and consolidation, Mr. Blood was 
the moving and directing spirit. In 1875 he pro- 
cured the charter for the Wachusett National Bank 
of Fitchburg, obtaining all the subscriptions to its 
capital stock, established the bank, and became its 
first vice-president. He was the third mayor of 
Fitchburg, first elected l)y the board of aMermen 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



of Boston. He was admitted to the Suffolk bar in 
i860, beginning the practice of law in Boston in 
July. He entered business as senior partner of the 
firm of Boardman & Blodgett in Boston, this con- 
nection continuing until the junior partner, Caleb 
Blodgett, was elevated to the bench. Subsequently 
Stephen H. Tyng was taken as a partner, and later 
Frank Paul. He is now in the practice of his pro- 
fession alone at No. 17 State street. During the past 
few years, owing to defective sight, Mr. Boardman 
has found it necessary to throw off much of the 
labor incident to the legal profession, and has been 
engaged in \arious manufacturing and railroad in- 
terests. He is president of the Duluth & Winnipeg 
Railroad and director of several others. Mr. Board- 
man has been repeatedly called to offices of trust 
and responsibility. From 1862 to 1864 he was 
commissioner of the Board of Enrolment, under 
President Lincoln, for the Fourth Congressional Dis- 
trict. He was chairman of the Republican ward 
and city committee in 1874, president of the com- 
mon council in 1S75, Republican candidate for 



and common council Nov. 2, 1875, 'o fill out the 
unexpired term of the Hon. Eugene T. Miles. At 
the subsequent annual election in December he 
was elected by the people, and was inaugurated 
January, 1876, thus filling the office of mayor for 
one year and two months. Mr. Blood is now 
chiefly interested in railroads in the State of Ohio. 
He is the president of the Cleveland & Canton Rail- 
road Company in that State, which position he has 
held since May, 18S4. 

Blood, Robert Allen, M.D., son of Luke W. and 
Mary (Bickford) Blood, was born in New London, 
N.H., April 30, 1838. His training in the local 
schools was supplemented by a course in the New 
London Scientific Institute. At the opening of the 
Civil War he joined the Lhiion army, and ser\'ed with 
distinction in many engagements. After the war he 
studied medicine with Dr. Bickford, of Charlestown, 
and in the Harvard Medical School, from which he 
graduated in 1870. He at once began practice, 
first establishing himself in his old home. New Lon- 
don, N.H. Then, in 1873, he returned to Charles- 
town, where he has since remained, meeting with 
gratifying success in his professional work. He is a 
member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, the 
American Medical Society, and the .Society for 
Medical Observation, and he is prominent in the 
Masonic and Odd Fellows orders. In 1872 Dr. 
Blood was married to Elizabeth, daughter of Oen. 
Luther McCutchins, of New London, N.H. ; they 
have one child : Roliert McCutchins Blood. 

Bmnt, William i;., was born in HaxerhiU, Mass., 
Aug. 20, 1840, where he li\ed until he was ap- 
pointed surveyor of the port of Boston, in 1890. 
For several years he held the position of city solici- 
tor of Haverhill, and served as associate justice of 
the district court for a period of twelve years ; and 
he was postmaster of Haverhill (first appointed 
in 1876) under Presidents (irant, Hayes, and 
•Arthur. From 1870 to 1876 he was a member of 
the Legislature. He was a delegate to the Repub- 
lican national conventions at Philadelphia and at 
Chicago. 

BoARD.MAN, Hai,sev J., was bom in Norwich, \'t., halsey j. boardman. 

May 19, 1834. His early education was received 

in the common schools of that town, and he later mayor m the same year, and representative to the 

graduated from Thetfold Academy, in the class of Legislature in 1883, 1884, and 1885. In 1887 

1854. Entering Dartmouth the same year, he and 1888 he was a member of the Senate, serv- 

graduated with high honors in the class of 1858. ing as president both years. He is a prominent 

I'hen he studied law in the office of Norcross & member of the New England Historic Genealogical 

Snow in Fitchburg, and later with Philip H. Sears, Society. 




BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



I'.n.vu, Ch\kii> H., son of Charles M. and Mary 
(Amerige) lioiid, uas Ijorn in t'liftondale, Saugus, 
Mass., July 13, 1S46. He was educated in the 




CHARLES H. BONO. 

l)ublic schools and in Spear & Sawyer's Com- 
mercial College. He began business for himself 
when but seventeen years of age, and is now of the 
firm of Waitt & Bond, in this city, cigar manu- 
facturers. He has been a member of the Saugus 
Water Board since its organization, is trustee of the 
Saugus Library, and president of the Cliftondale 
Library Association. He has been twice married ; 
his first wife was Martha A. Morrison, and his 
present wife Bella Bacon. His children are : Sarah 
A., Edith L., and Mildred M. 

BooTHV, Ai.oNzii, M.I)., son of the late Nathaniel 
Boothy, of Athens, Me., was born in that town 
March 5, 1840. He was educated in the Athens 
public and high schools, at Kent's Hill, Me., and in 
Bowdoin College, where he attended two courses of 
lectures. Then he went to New York and studied 
his profession there under Dr. David Conant. He en- 
tered the army in 1862 as surgical dresser, and while 
in the ser\-ice he graduated from the Georgetown, 
1 ).C., Medical College. Afterwards he became acting 
surgeon in the United States army, and later on was 
commissioned surgeon to the Second United States 
Coloreil Troops, where he remained a year and was 
iletailed to take change of that regiment. Return- 



ing from the army in 1864, he established himself 
in Wilton, where he jiractised two years, 'i'hen he 
came to Boston, and has since remained here. He 
has been connected with the Boston L^niversity 
since the organization of the medical department, 
with the exception of one year. Dr. Boothy is one 
of the surgeons to the Homoeopathic Hospital, and 
he has also a private surgical hospital with a capacity 
for eighteen patients, and which is now being en- 
larged. He is a member of the American Institute 
of Homoeopathy, the Massachusetts Homfjeopathic 
Medical Society, the Boston Homoeopathic Medical 
Society, and the Boston Surgical and Gynaecological 
Society. He has contributed various articles to the 
medical journals. On April i, 1863, he was mar- 
ried to Miss Maria A., daughter of Reuben Stodder, 
of Athens, Me. 

BossoN, Albert D., son of George C. and Jennie 
H Bosson, was born in Chelsea Nov. 8, 1853. 
He acquired his early education in the schools of 
Chelsea, preparing for college at Phillips (Exeter) 
Atademv, and entering Brown University. Gradu- 
itmg in 1875, he read law for a while in the 
otti( e ot Messrs. Brooks, Ball, & Story, and then 
took the course of the Law School of the Boston 
LIniversity. hi ^Llrch, 1878, he was admitted to 
the Suffolk bar, and has been in active practice 
ever since, being associated for the past three years 
with H. L. Whittlesey, with offices in the new Ames 
Building. Mr. Bosson was one of the committee 
of one hundred in the campaign of 1884, and is 
now a Democrat of the Cleveland type. In 1890 
he was elected mayor of the city of Chelsea, and 
he declined a lenomination, the duties of the office 
interfering too much with his business interests. 
While mayor he recommended and secured the 
adoption of various measures by which the financial 
standing of the city was materially improved. Mr. 
Bosson has travelled ([uite extensively, having 
crossed the ocean five times. He is president of 
the Review Club of Chelsea, and a member of other 
clubs in that city and in Boston. He is president 
of the County Savings Bank of Chelsea, vice-presi- 
dent of the Winnisimmet National Bank, treasurer 
of the Gloucester Street Railway Company, a direc- 
tor in the Merrimac Valley Railroad Company, 
and is connected with other business enterprises. 
He is also trustee and manager of several large 
estates. He is associated with the Baptist de- 
nomination. His fiither was for manv years a 
prominent business man and manufacturer, is still 
living, and is a member of the firm of Reed iS: 
Brother, Boston. 



liOSTON OF TO-DAY 



BosvvoRTH, Nathaniel, of the firm of Bosworth 
& French, was born in Arlington, Mass., in 1S35. 
He was educated in the public schools. At an 
early age he was apprenticed to the steam-fitting 
and plumber trade. After a few years he engaged 
in business for himself. In 1879 hu farmed a part- 
nership with J. \V. French. The firm is now estab- 
lished at No. 7 Appleton street, where they conduct 
a large and successful business in plumbing, steam 
and gas fitting. 

BouvE, \\\i;iik L., son of Thomas T. Bouv6, of 
Boston, was born in this city Oct. 28, 1849. He 
was fitted for college and studied civil engineering 
in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and 
followed that profession some eight years. Later 
he entered the Harvard Law School, and graduated 
in 1879. He was admitted to the bar in 1880, an<l 
has been in general practice ever since. His office 
is now at No. 1 1 3 Devonshire street. Mr. Bouv6 
is a Republican in politics. He resides in Hingham, 
Mass. He is special justice of the Second District 
Court of Plymouth, and was assistant district attor- 
ney of the South-eastern District during 1890. He 
is a member of the Boston Bar Association and 
of the Boston Athletic .•\ssociation. He is treasurer 
of the Rockland Hotel Company. Mr. BouviJ mar- 
ried Charlotte 1!. Harden, of Hingham. 

BowEX, Hknrv ]., elder son of Hosea 1!. and 
Mary D. Bowen, was born in Boston Sept. 11, 
1853. His maternal ancestor came to this country 
on the "Mayflower," in 1620, and shortly afterwards 
became the mother of Peregrine White, the first 
white child born in the Plymouth Colony. His 
paternal ancestor came from Wales, landing at 
Rehoboth in 1640 and becoming one of the set- 
tlers of the town of Swansea, Mass., naming it from 
their place of nativity in Wales. He is the grand- 
son of Henry Bowen, the publisher of the first 
Universalist magazine ever issued, and the grand- 
nephew of Abel Bowen, the well-known engraver 
and publisher of Bowen's "Picture of Boston" in 
1829. His family have resided in Boston since 
the beginning of the present century. Mr. Bowen 
graduated at the Lincoln (irammar School, and 
entered the English High School. While there, at 
the head of the graduating class, at the age of 
fifteen, he received the offer of a position in a 
wholesale lumber-house on State street, which he 
accepted. He remained in the lumber business 
for ten years, filling various responsible positions, 
and then took charge of the books of a wholesale 
flour and grain commission-house. He was admit- 



ted to the Boston Chamber of Commerce, of which 
he is still a member. L'pon the death of his father 
in tSS2 he succeeded to the Intter's re.il-estnte and 




HENRY J. BOWEN. 

m^urancc busme-^-. ui South Boston, and greatly iu- 
( reased it. He is a large owner of real estate in that 
section, and has charge of many properties for clients. 
He is trustee for a number of large estates, and is 
regarded as authority on all matters pertaining to 
South Boston real estate. He is a director in the 
Mattapan Deposit and Trust Company, and in the 
Boston Real Estate and Auction Board. Mr. Bowen 
was married in Boston, in May, 1880, to Miss Sarah 
E. Dean, daughter of Henry A. Dean, of the Taun- 
ton family of that name. 

liRACKKi-i-, Ei.i.io-n Okay, M.D., was born April 6, 
18C0, in Newton, Mass. He was educated in the 
public schools of Newton, and graduated from Har- 
vard M.D. in 1S86. After one and a half years at 
the City Hospital, he was interne in the Boston Lying- 
in Hospital one term. He is now (1892) connected 
with the Boston Dispensary as physician to the de- 
partment of nervous diseases. He is also City Hos- 
pital assistant to the same department, and assistant 
surgeon to the out-patients department of the Chil- 
dren's Hospital. Dr. Bracket! is a member of the 
Massachusetts Medical Society, the Boston Society for 
Medical Improvement, the Psychological Society, 
and the lloston Society for Medical Science. 



iOS'lON OI" 'rO-DAY. 



'53 



Hkackf/i-i, John (^uixcv Aha.ms, son of Ambrose 
S. ami Nancy B. Rrackett, is a native of the dranite 
State, born in Bradford, N.H., June 8, 1842. 
He attended tlie Colby Academy, New London, 
N.H., graduating therefrom in 1861. Declining 
an appointment to \Vest Point, he entered Harvard, 
finishing his course, with honors, in the class of 
T.S65. He then entered the Harvard Law School, 
from which he graduated in 1868. Admitted to 
the Suffolk bar that year, he has since carried 
on a lucrative practice, first in connection with 
the late Levi C. Wade, and later with Walter H. 
Roberts. Mr. Brackett was early associated with 
public affairs, and has occupied several prominent 
positions, besides that of chief executive of the 
Commonwealth. In 187 1 he was president of the 
Mercantile Library Association, and again in 1882. 
In 1874 he was chosen judge-advocate on the staff 
of C;en. I. S. Burrell, First Brigade, Massachusetts 
militia, and held the office for two years. He 
was one of the promoters of the Young Men's 
Republican movement, and presided at its first pub- 
lic meeting in Faneuil Hall in 1877. From 1873 to 
1876 he was a member of the Boston common 
council, president of that body the latter year; 
and in 1876, he was elected to the lower house 
of the Legislature. He was reelected for the four 
succeeding years, serving on several important com- 
mittees, among them those on labor and taxation, 
and the special committee on the revision of the 
statutes. In 1884 he was again elected to the 
House, and the year following was chosen speaker 
by a large majority. It was in this year that he 
Ijresided over the stormy debate on the Metropoli- 
tan Police Bill, and by his firm yet judicious action 
won praise and commendation from both sides. In 
1886 he was reelected speaker, and at the State 
election the same year was elected lieutenant- 
governor. This position he held for three years, 
and in July and August of 1888, during the illness of 
(iovernor .'\mes, was acting governor. In this 
capacity he visited Columbus, O., with a special 
legislative committee, on the occasion of the cen- 
tennial of the settlement of Ohio. A year later he 
represented the Commonwealth at the dedication 
uf the Pilgrim Monument at Plymouth. In the 
fall of 1889 he was elected governor, and served 
one term. (Governor Brackett was married, June 20, 
1878, to Miss Angle M., daughter of .Abel G. Peck, 
of Arlington, and he resides in that town. 

Bradfokii, Hknrv WnHiNi/iuN, M.D., was born 
in Randolph Jan. 22, 1852. He is a descendant of 
Covernor Bradford of the Plymouth Colony. His 



early education was obtained in the public school 
and the Stetson High School. He entered the 
medical department of Harvard University, from 
which he graduated in the class of 1875, receiving 
his degree of M.D., since which time he has been 
in the practice of his profession. He is an in- 
structor in the post-graduate course of the Harvard 
Medical School, surgeon in the Massachusetts Chari- 
table Eye and Ear Infirmary, and was formerly 
assistant ophthalmological surgeon in Carney Hos- 
pital. Dr. Bradford invented the electro-magnet 
for ophthalmological purposes, and introduced and 
used cocaine for the first time in the New England 
States. He is a member of the Massachusetts 
Medical Society, and of the .American and the 
New England Ophthalmological Societies. 

BR.'iDLEY, Wh.liam L., founder of the Bradley 
Fertilizer Company, was born in Cheshire, Conn., 
in 1826. He spent his childhood on a farm, 
attending the district school in his native town until 
the age of eleven. He then went to Southington 
Academy for one year, the subsequent year he 
spent at Cheshire Academy, and next had the 
benefit of six months' training at the Lancasterian 
School in New Haven. Immediately after, at 
the age of thirteen, he began his mercantile 
career, as a clerk in a dry-goods store in New 
Haven. .At the age of seventeen he entered the 
employ of Charles Parker, a large hardware-manu- 
facturer of Meriden, Conn., as travelling salesman. 
While here, and with Mr. Parker's consent, he be- 
came, in his early twenties, partner with one of his 
friends in another business. Through the misman- 
agement of his partner, to whom this business was 
entirely intrusted, he found himself at the end of the 
first year over twenty thousand dollars worse off than 
nothing, while the business, according to the books, 
showed a profit of much more than this amount. 
This copartnership was immediately dissolved. He 
consulted his employer only, who advised him to 
compromise with his creditors. But this he de- 
clined to do, saying that he was determined to pay 
dollar for dollar. He had marked out two ways to 
accomplish this. One was to leave his employer 
and begin business for himself, knowing that he 
could buy goods on credit; the other was to ask 
his employer to raise his salary from three thousand 
dollars, which he was then receiving, to six 
thousand dollars per annum, and pay the same 
for four years in advance. Mr. Parker, realizing 
the value of his services, granted his request. The 
money was advanced, all of which went to ])ay his 
indebtedness. Now came a period of struggle. 



154 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



when his energies must be devoted to his em- 
ployer's business for four years without further 
compensation, and when he must maintain him- 
self and his family by his outside endeavors (always, 
however, with Mr. Parker's consent). He felt 
that a clean record was cheap at any cost. Such 
an experience as this was not all loss. ( )n the 
contrary, it afforded him a practical knowledge of 
human nature and the power of making ([uick 
and correct estimates of those with whom he 
dealt. Here, too, he learned never to overesti- 
mate but rather to underrate his ability, and to 
undertake only such enterprises as in his judgment 
he could carry through. His successes ha\e justi- 
fied his judgments. His early business ventures 
being not wholly congenial to his tastes, he came to 
Boston in i<S6i, about the beginning of the Civil 
War, with no capital save his untiring energy and 
keen business sagacity. Having a natural fond- 
ness for agriculture, he was inclined to seek an 
occupation in this direction. His knowledge of 
certain new departures in agriculture abroad, and 
his quick appreciation of their agricultural and com- 
mercial importance, made him desirous of becom- 
ing a pioneer in the manufacture of commercial 
fertilizers in this country. Knowing the late Hon. 
Oakes Ames and his reputation as a willing helper 
of young men, he made him acquainted with his 
\ iews. The latter, recognizing the young man's 
character and energy, and grasping as well the 
feasibilitv of his project, consented to endorse Mr. 
Bradley's paper for a small amount, on the simple 
verbal promise that he should receive one-quarter 
of the profits of the venture, ^^'ith money obtained 
on these notes, Mr. Bradley built a small factory on 
the margin of the Back Bay, and thus inaugurated 
an industry which has grown to gigantic proportions. 
The difficulties in the way were at first almost in- 
surmountable ; but constant and untiring super- 
vision, intelligent experiments, and the devotion 
of eighteen hours out of every twenty-four much 
of the time, could not fail to bring good results, 
when imited with good business judgment and with 
one aim in view from which he has never swerved, — 
to earn a reputation for his goods and ever to main- 
tain it at any cost. In 1861 Mr. Bradley did a 
business of about fifteen thousand dollars. Now 
his company does the largest business of the kind 
in the world, requiring in all of its branches and 
connections a capital of over four million dollars, and 
employing over fifteen hundred men. In two or 
three years the small plant on the Back Bay was 
outgrown, and a new factory was built at North 
Weymouth, Mass., which formed the nucleus of the 



present immense works of the company. As the 
business grew Mr. .\mes's accommodations were 
largely extended from year to year, and out of the 
profits of the business alone these accommodations 
were retired and a working capital accumulated. 
In 1 87 1 came a grave crisis in Mr. Bradley's career. 
He was obliged to suspend payment and obtain an 
extension of six, twelve, eighteen, and twenty-four 
months, with interest added at seven per cent. 
These payments were all promptly made at ma- 
turity, and at the end of two years he had paid in 
full an indebtedness of five hundred and twenty- 
three thotisand dollars, with interest. He had 
saved his business and maintained his reputation. 
In sunshme and storm a strong friendship, based on 
mutual respect, continued between Mr. Bradley and 
Mr. Ames, each having implicit confidence in the 
word of the other, and asking for no better bond. 
How well that confidence was placed is shown by the 
fact that after the death of the latter, Mr. Bradley 
paid in to his estate the simi of about one hundred 
thousand dollars, for Mr. Ames's interest in the busi- 
ness, on the strength of the verbal understanding. 
From 1 86 1 to 1872 the business was done in Mr. 
Bradley's name, individually. In the latter year it 
passed into the hands of the corporation jireviously 
mentioned, formed under the laws of the Common- 
wealth, and known as the ISradley Fertilizer 
Company. Associated with Mr. Bradley in this 
corporation are his two sons, Peter B. Bradley as 
vice-president, and Robert S. Bradley as treasurer. 
Like father, like son ; but it is easier to keep 
a load rolling than to lift the first turn of the wheel. 

Brauv, Huch E., was born in Boston Dec. 4, 
1855. He was educated in the public schools, at- 
tending the Cooper-street Primary, the Mayhew 
Grammar, and the Evening High Schools. He 
learned the trade of a bookbinder and continued in it 
until 1887. He was a member of the Democratic 
city committee for several years, its secretary dur- 
ing 1884, 1885, and 1886. He also served in the 
common council in 1884, 1885, and 1886. In 
January, 1887, he was appointed by Mayor O'Brien 
to fill a vacancy in the board of street commis- 
sioners, and at the municipal election of that year 
he was elected to the board for a term of three 
years. In 1890, having received the nomination of 
the Democratic and Republican conventions, he 
was reelected for a further period of three years. 
Having been appointed by Mayor Matthews a 
member of the board of survey upon the passage 
of the act creating that body, he resigned the posi- 
tion of street commissioner May 17, 1891, entering 



IJOSTON OF 'l-O-DAY. 



11111)11 his new duti 
of a niiniher of sc 



clny. He is a member James and Eleanor Augusta (Harrington) 
iternal organizations. of Xewton. 



iJRKiHiN, W'li.i.iA.M I'm, MA)., son of Fere/, 
Martin and Harriet (Harrington) lirechin, was 
born in Cornwallis, N.S., March ii, 1851. He 
was educated in his native place and at Acadia Col- 




BRECHIN. 



lege, from which he grailtiated in 1.S69. Coming to 
the United States, he entered the Harvard Medical 
School, and graduated in 1872. He was then for 
two years assistant surgeon of the Massachusetts 
Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary. He is now 
medical examiner for the ^■ermont Life Insurance 
Company, and also for the John Hancock Life In- 
surance Company, and surgeon to the First Regi- 
ment Patriarchs Militant (Odd Fellows). Dr. 
Brechin is a member of the Massachusetts Medical 
Society and of the American Medical Association. 
He is also a member of the New England Historic 
( lenealogical Society, and a contributor to the " \Vest- 
ern Chronicle" of Kentville, Kings county, N.S., his 
articles being historical and genealogical sketches of 
Kings county, N.S., and its early New England in- 
habitants. He is past high priest of St. Paul's Royal 
Arch Chapter of Boston, a member of De Molay 
Commandery, Knights I'emplar, and of the .Massa- 
chusetts Consistory, S.P.R.S. He is a justice of the 
peace for Suffolk county. Dr. Brechin was married 
Dec. 25, i,S<S4, to Miss .Mice Florence, daughter of 



Brkf.d, I''rancis \V., one of the most prominent 
shoe- manufacturers of Lynn, is a native of that city. 
His extensive factories, when in full running-order, 
have a capacity of six or seven thousand pairs of 
shoes per day, and give employment to large num- 
bers of workmen. His progress in the business has 
been steady, and the rapid growth of his enterprises 
to their present proportions is due to his skilful 
management and thorough knowledge of the details 
of the trade and of the market, both for purchase 
and sale. He has travelled extensively in his own 
country as well as abroad. In politics he is Repub- 
lican, and has been prominent in his party, at one 
time being mentioned for the nomination for lieuten- 
ant-governor. In 1 89 1 he was appointed by Gov- 
ernor Russell one of the Massachusetts commissioners 
to the \N'orld's Fair. He is president of the New 
England Shoe and Leather Association, elected to 
that position .-\pril 6, 1892. His residence on Ocean 
street in Lynn, having a beautiful outlook over the 
bay, is one of the most attractive homes on the 
North Shore. 

I'iRF.KU, Joseph J., born in Lynn, Mass., is a direct 




descendant of Allen Breed, who seltlcd in I ,ynn in 
1630, and from whom Breed's Hill, now Biinkci 



1 56 



BOSTON OF I'O-DAV. 



Hill, was named. He received his education in the 
public schools of Lynn. For some years he was a 
frequent contributor to the press, and is now editor 
of the ".^gis Record," the official organ of the order 
of which he is vice-prepident. He has been honored 
with the highest offices in other bodies, and now 
holds the secretaryship of the Fraternal Beneficial 
Congress, a national league of the long-term assess- 
ment endowment fraternities of America. He has 
always been successful in his business undertakings, 
and is to-day the owner of an estate with several 
acres of land on the outskirts of Lynn, where he 
delights to retire from the cares of city life, and 
where, like Supreme President 1 )()l)son of the same 
order, he gratifies his taste in keeping a few choice 
specimens of blooded horses. 

Bkiik;ha.m, I'i-kcv Albkri', son of Albert and Martlia 
Campbell (Muddocks) Bridgliani, was born in ICast 
Eddington, Me., Nov. 5, 1850. He was educated 
in the public schools of Charleston and Bangor, 
Me., graduating from the high school in the latter 
city. He was assistant register of deeds of Penob- 
scot county. Me., from 1869 to 1872, and clerk of 
the common council of Bangor from 1870 to 1872. 
Then became to Boston and studied law in the office 




PERCY A. BRIDGH/1 



)f the late Alphonso L Robinson. Admitted Ic 
jar in 1875, he fornu'il a partnership with Mr. K( 



son which lasted five years. He has since practised 
alone in general law and conveyancing. For some 
years he has edited a legal department in the " Boston 
Globe," under the nom dc plume of " The People's 
Lawyer," and has published a book under the title 
of " One Thousand Legal (Questions answered by 
the People's Lawyer." He has foreclosed about 
seven hundred mortgages, probably the largest mnn- 
ber handled by any one man in Boston. Mr. Bridg- 
ham is a member of a number of orders. He is junior 
deacon of Mt. Olivet Lodge of Free and .-Accepted 
Masons, Cambridgeport ; junior sagamore, Hobo- 
mok 'I'ribe, Independent Order of Red Men, Boston ; 
member of Cambridge Royal Arch Chapter ; lioston 
Council Royal and Select Masters ; and Cambridge 
Commandery, Knights Templar. He was married 
Scjit. 12, 1870, to Miss Lydia M. Wentworth : 
they have two children : .Albert .Mphonso and Gladys 
Ruth Bridgham. 

Briggs, Frkdf.ric Mfxanciiion, M.I)., was born 
in Longwooil, Mass., Nov. 23, 1857. He was edu 
cated in the Brookline schools, and graduated from 
Harvard College in 1879, and the Harvard Medica! 
School in 1883. For some time he was surgica! 
house-officer at the Massachusetts (leneral Hos- 
pital, and then went abroad. Returning to Bostoi: 
in 1 886, he has since remained here in private prac- 
tice. Dr. Briggs is a member of the Massachusetts 
Medical Society, of the Boston Society for Medica! 
Imiirovement, of the Boston Society for Medica! 
( )bservalion, and Surgeon to the Boston Dispensary, 

liRicaiAM, CnARi.KS, architect, was born in Water- 
town, Mass., June 21, I 841. He was educated ir 
the public schools of his iiati\-e town, graduating 
from the high school in 1858. The same year he 
entered, as student, the office of Calvin Ryder 
architect, of Boston. In 1860-61 he was draughts- 
man in the office of Gridley J. F. Bryant. In 1862 
he enlisteil and served nine months in the field as 
second sergeant in Company K, Fifth Massachusetts 
Volunteers. On his return he renewed the study anc 
practice of architecture under Mr. Bryant and in the 
office of John H. Sturgis, with whoin he entered intc 
partnership in 1866 — a relation whieh continued 
until 1886, a short time previous to the death of Mr 
Stiirfjis. In 1888 he became associated with Johr 
C. Spollord, which partnership terminated in Febru- 
ary, 1S92. .Among the principal buildings designer 
during his association with Mr. Sturgis are the Bureai 
of Charities on Chardon street, the Musemn of Fine 
.\rts, the Boston Voting Men's Christian .\ssociatior 
Buildinu, the Church of the Advent, and the Massa- 




r/j> ra^ 



HOS'lON OF rO-DAV. 



chusetts Hospital Life Insurance Building on State 
street. In 1890 and 1 891, while associated with Mr. 
Spol'ford, the extension of the Maine State Caiiitol 
an<l other important works were built ; and among 
the recent buildings designed by him and now in 
progress are the Massachusetts State House exten- 
sion, begim in 1890, the Pubhc Library and Town 
Hall at Fairhaven, Mass., and the Inebriates' Hos- 
pital at Foxborough. He has always resided in 
W'atertown, where he has held various public offices, 
having served several years on the school committee, 
and four years, 1884-87, as chairman of the board 
of selectmen ; has been a member of the board of 
trusteesof the Public Library since 1888, of which he 
has been chairman for the last three years ; has 
been president of the Cooperative Bank since its 
establishment ; and is a director of the Union Market 
National Bank. He was master of the Pequossette 
Lodge of Free Masons two years. 

i'.RicHT, \\'iLLi.AM Ellerv, was bom in Mobile, 
.-\la., Sept. 26, 183 1 ; died at Wahham, Mass., 
March 12, 1882. His father was Henry Bright, 
born in Waltham Aug. 31, 1793, and his mother, 
Abigail (Fiske) Bright, born Nov. 3, 1794. His 
earliest American ancestor upon his father's side 
was Henry Bright, born in the county of Suffolk, 
England, in 1602, and coming to this country in 
1630 with the company that settled in Watertown, 
Mass. William EUery Bright was of the seventh 
generation from this founder, and the order of his 
ancestry was as follows, viz. : Henry, Nathaniel, 
Nathaniel, Nathaniel, John, Henry, Henry. On the 
maternal side he was also of the sev^enth American 
generation. The succession was as follows : John, 
\Mlliam, Thomas, Jonathan, Jacob, .Abigail, and 
Henry. Mr. Bright received his early education at 
private schools in New England. He was for many 
years a member of the well-known firm of Torrey, 
Bright, & Capen, one of the leading carpet- houses of 
Boston. In 1861, February 28, he mairied Miss 
Elizabeth (i. Bright, daughter of Jonathan Brown 
Bright, of Waltham. From this union are three 
children, — a son, bearing his father's name, and two 
daughters, who, with their mother, survive. .A cor- 
respondent of the " Boston Transcript," who writes 
after a long and intimate acquaintance with Mr. 
Bright, says of him : " He was a man of excellent 
business faculty, with a calm, clear, and capacious 
head, a soul of the highest rectitude and honor, and 
a heart framed of generosity and kindness. In 1875 
the good people of \\altham elected him to the 
Ocneral Court, and urged him to be a candidate 
again the next year ; but the pressure of his business 



obliged him to decline. For the same reason he 
declined various other local offices which he was, 
from time to time, solicited to undertake. A con- 
tinuous residence of over thirty years in that town 
had made him well known ; liis steadfast integrity 
and his approved intelligence and liberality had 
gained him unbounded confidence, while the warm 
heart and open hand which he carried to works of 
piety and charity, his uniform suavity of manner, and 
his good judgment and frank cooperation in matters 
of public interest in town and church endeared him 
to the hearts of all who knew him." 

Brink, \\illum Hexrv, son of Robert and Ellen 
.Ann (Rowe) Brine, was born in Boston Sept. 




2 2, 1 84 1. He was the second of a family of ten 
children, all but two of whom are still living ; the 
parents celebrated their golden wedding in 1888. 
He was educated in the public s<:hools of Cambridge, 
and at the age of fourteen began work as a boy in 
the dry-goods shop of Jonathan Wheeler in l^ast 
Cambridge. Here he started on a salary of a dollar 
a week, but, alert and quick to learn, he soon became 
a salesman. Then he found employment with in- 
creased salary in the Boston dry-goods house of 
Hogg, lirown, & 'Jaylor. After remaining there 
a while he accepted a responsible position in the 
store of John Harrington, then in Somerville, and in 
1 86 1 , when but twenty years of age, he became 



158 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



partner in the business. A few years later the firm, 
in connection with W. L. Lovell, purchased the 
stock and stand of the Boston house of John 
Holmes & Co., on Tremont row, and there estab- 
lished a large and prosperous business. In 1884 
Mr. Harrington retired, and, the firm being dissolved, 
Mr. Brine formed a new partnership, which was con- 
tinued for seven years, when he dissolved and 
started alone at the corner of Tremont street and 
Pemberton square. Having had at one time four 
stores in Boston, one in Springfield, and one in 
Manchester, N.H., this is now his only place of busi- 
ness. The business at the present store, under the 
personal supervision of Mr. Brine, was increased 
more than fifty per cent, in the year 1891. The 
same year he visited Europe and established business 
connections with the English and Continental manu- 
facturers. Mr. Brine is a Republican in politics, and 
for many years served as treasurer of the Middlesex 
(political dining) Club. He was for twelve years a 
trustee of the Somerville Public Library. On Sept. 
26, 1865, he was married, in East Cambridge, Id 
Miss Hannah Southwick Cannon, daughter of John 
Cannon, of Cambridge. They have si.\ children : 
Henry Clinton, now with his father, Ellen, Blanche, 
^^"illiam Percival, .Alfred, and Francis Brine. 

Broderilk, Thomas Joseph, M.D., son of Daniel 
and Ellen (Hartnett) Broderick, was born in 
Exeter, N.H., Nov. 19, 1859. ^'^ early education 
was obtained in the public schools of Cambridge, 
whither his parents had moved when he was about 
four years of age. (Graduating from the Cambridge 
High School, he entered the Harvard Medical 
School in 1S79 ^'^'^ graduated in 1882. He imme- 
diately began the practice of his profession, estab- 
lishing himself in the Charlestown district. He is 
visiting physician to the Charlestown Free Dispen- 
sary and Hospital. During the nine years of his 
residence in the Charlestown district he has steadily 
advanced in his profession, and has secured a prac- 
tice which is not confined to that quarter alone, but 
extends to Chelsea, Medford, Somerville, Everett, 
and other nearby cities and towns. He is a mem- 
ber of the Massachusetts Medical Society. 

Brooks, Fr-ancis -Augustus, was born in Peters- 
ham May 23, 1824. His father, Aaron Brooks, 
was a lawyer of some note in his native town, and 
represented his district in the Legislature. Mr. 
Brooks prepared for college at the Leicester Acad- 
emy, and graduated from Harvard in 1842. He 
then studied law at the Harvard Law School and 
with his father, and was admitted to the Worcester 



county bar in 1845. He practised in Petersham 
until 1848, and then removed to Boston. His 
practice was chiefly in patent cases until 1875, since 
which time he has been engaged in railroad and 
corporation cases, gaining distinction in this especial 
line, among his notable cases being that of the Ver- 
mont Central Railroad, which lasted for upwards ol 
ten years. In politics Mr. Brooks is a Democrat ol 
the old school, but has never aspired to political 
prominence. 

Brooks, George M., judge of the probate court 
of Middlesex county at East Cambridge, was born 
in Concord, Mass. ; graduated from Harvard Col- 
lege in 1844. He was admitted to the bar in 1847. 
from Lowell, Mass., and continued to practise until 
1872, when he was appointed judge of the court ol 
probate and insolvency in Middlesex county. He 
was in the lower house of the Legislature one term, 
and in the senate one term, and was a representative 
in Congress from 1869 to 1872. His father also was 
a lawyer. 

r.RoOKS, Phillips, son of William Cray and Mary 
Ann ( Phillips) Brooks, was born in Boston Dec. 13, 
1835. He is descended on both the paternal and 
maternal side from Puritan clergymen — on his 
father's side from Rev. John Cotton, and on his 
mother's side from the Phillips family which founded 
the two famous Phillips .Academies. The father, 
grandfather, and great-grandfather of Samuel Phillips, 
who gave the greater part of the funds for the found- 
ing of the Andover academy, were all ministers. 
Phillips Brooks is one of a group of four brothers 
ordained to the Episcopal ministry. His father was 
for forty years a hardware merchant in Boston, and 
was a member of St. Paul's Church. Phillips Brooks's 
boyhood was passed partly in Boston, and partly in 
North Andover in the old Phillips manse. He was 
educated in the Boston Latin School and at Harvard 
College, which he entered at the age of sixteen. 
After graduating, in 1855, he was for a time uslier 
in the Boston Latin School, and then, deciding to 
enter the ministry, he went to Alexandria, \a., and 
pursued a course of study in the Protestant Episco- 
pal Theological Seminary there. In 1859 he was 
ordained and became rector of the Church of the 
.Advent in Philadelphia. Three years later he went 
to the Church of the Holy Trinity, in the same city, 
and remained there until 1869, when he became 
rector of Trinity Church in Boston. From this 
pulpit his fame has spread far and wide. In 1880, 
and again in 1882-83, he was in ?:ngland, where 
he received marked attentions. During the latter 




^ 



/o^^^^^-V-tr^^^ 



HOS'ION OF 'rO-l.)AY. 



59 



vacation, which was of a year's duration, lie was 
accompanied by his brother. Rev. John Cotton 
Brooks, and both of them preached in St. Botolph's 
Church, in old Boston, l.incohishire, where their 
ancestor, John Cotton, preached generations before. 
Dr. Brooks also delivere 1, by invitation of Dean 
Stanley, a sermon before the (^ueen in the Chapel 
Royal at the Savoy, London. He preached in other 
London churches, among them St. Mark's Church, 
Upper Hamilton terrace : Westminster Abbey ; St. 
Margaret's Church, Westminster ; Christ Church, 
Lancaster (iate ; St. Mark's Church, Kensington ; St. 
Paul's Cathedral ; Temple Church and Christ Church, 
Marylebone ; also in Wells Cathedral, Lincoln 
Cathedral, and St. l'eter-at-.\rcher, Lincoln. After 
his return home these sermons were published in 
a volume entitled " Sermons preached in English 
Churches." Dr. Brooks's other publications — 
namely, collections of his sermons and lectures — 
are: "The Life and Death of Abraham Lincoln" 
(Philadelphia, 1865), " Our Mercies of Reoccupa- 
tion " (Philadelphia, 1865), ".Addresses by Bishops 
and Clergy of the Protestant Episcopal Church " 
(Philadelphia, 1S69), "The Living Church " ( Phila- 
delphia, 1869), "Sermon preached before the .\n- 
cient and Honorable .\rtillery Company of Boston " 
(Boston, 1872), "Address delivered May 30, 1873, 
at the Dedication of .'\ndover Memorial Hall " (.An- 
dover, 1873), " Lectures on Preaching," Vale College 
(New York, 1877), "Sermons" (New York, 1878), 
"The Influence of Jesus," the Bohlen lecture deliv- 
ered in Philadelphia in 1879 (New York, 1879), 
" Pulpit and Popular Scepticism " (New York, 1879), 
" The Candle of the Lord and other Sermons " 
(New York, 1883), "Twenty Sermons" (New 
York, 1886), and "Tolerance," two lectures to 
divinity students (New York, 1887). The "Ser- 
mons preached in English Churches " was published 
in 1883. In i88i Dr. Brooks was offered the office 
of Plummer professor of Christian morals and 
preacher to Harvard University, but after patient 
and serious consideration declined it. He also 
subsequently declined the office of assistant bishop 
of Pennsylvania. In 1891 he was elected bishop of 
the diocese of Massachu.setts, to succeed Bishop 
Paddock, who died in 1890. Bishop Brooks is 
unmarried. 

Brown, Bulkminster, M.D., distinguished as an 
orthopedic surgeon, was born in Boston July 13, 
1819 ; died in Auburndale, Dec. 24, 1891. He was 
descended from ancestors eminent in medical and 
surgical science. His paternal grandfather was a well- 
known physician in inland Massachusetts. His father. 



I )r. John Ball Brown, of ISoston, was the lirst surgeon 
to introduce subcutaneous tenotomy into New Eng- 
land. His maternal grandfather, Dr. John Warren, 
was one of the founders of the Harvard Medical 
School and the first professor of surgery in that 
institution. Buckminster Brown graduated from 
the Harvard Medical School in 1844. In 1S45 
and 1846 he was in Europe studying orthopsedic 
surgery: in P^ngland, under Dr. W. J. Little, of 
London; in France, under Drs. Jules GuiSrin and 
Bouvier; and in dermany, under Professor Stroh- 
meyer ; also visiting the large hospitals of F^ngland 
and the Continent. On his return to Boston, in 
1 S46, he immediately established himself in this city 
as a general practitioner. Orthopaedic surgery was 
at that early day in its infancy in New England. 
Dr. Brown's interest in this branch of his profession 
constantly increasing, and his practice in this spe- 
cialty becoming extensive and absorbing, he gradually 
relinquished general practice, and for many years 
devoted himself almost wholly to this branch of 
surgery. Patient study and frequent experiment 
enabled him to aid his surgical skill by apparatus 
and instruments of his own invention, which have 
proved most useful in the treatment of the sequete 
of hip disease, and also for spinal and limb de- 
formities. From time to time Dr. Brown pub- 
lished the results of his experience, in the medical 
and surgical journals of the country. Among these 
monographs are the following, the first published in 
1842, the last in 1885: "Recent Improvements 
in Medicine and Surgery," January, 1842 ; "Treat- 
ment and Cure of Cretins and Idiots," 1847; "^ 
Case of Extensive 1 )isease of the Cervical Vertebrae, 
with Clinical Remarks, etc." (this paper has been 
largely quoted by Dr. Broadhurst, the eminent 
English authority in this branch of surgery), 1853 ; 
" Cases of Talipes or Club Foot, with Illustrations," 
1858; '■■ Cases in Orthopaedic Surgery, with Photo- 
graphic Illustrations," 1868; "Femoral .\neurism 
cured by Direct Compression while the Patient was 
taking Active Exercise. Death from Peritonitis 
Ten Years after, with a Plate of the .'\neuiism and 
Enlarged Arteries," 1875 ; " Influence of the Pre- 
vailing Methods of Education on the Production 
of Deformity in \'oung Persons of both Sexes, with 
Plates," 1879, a lecture before the American 
.Social Science .Association ; " Description of an 
Apparatus for the Treatment of Contraction and 
False .Anchylosis of the Hip Joint," 1881 ; " Ex- 
tension in the Treatment of Diseased Vertebras," 
1884; "Double Congenital Displacement of the 
Hip, Description of a Case with Treatment result- 
ing in Cure, with Plates," 1885. This pamphlet 



i6o 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



has been extensively referred to by Dr. .\dams, 
of London, and other orthopa;dic surgeons of the 
day. Dr. Brown was, for nineteen years, sur- 
geon to the House of the Clood Samaritan. For 
many years he was councillor of the Massachusetts 
Medical Society. He was a member and formerly 
librarian of the Boston Society for Medical Im- 
provement, a member of the Boston Medical Asso- 
ciation, of which he was formerly secretary and 
treasurer, and a member of the Massachusetts 
Medical Benevolent Society. He was married in 
May, 1864, to Sarah Alvord Newcomb, daughter of 
Joseph Warren Newcomb, and great-granddaughter 
of Oen. Joseph Warren. 

Brown, Knoch S., supreme commander of the 
American Legion of Honor, was born in Brooklyn, 
N.Y., in 1847. After studying law for about three 




ENOCH S BROWN. 

years, he engaged in the printing business. For 
two years he was employed in the editorial room of 
the " Brooklyn Daily Times," and afterwards man- 
aged the mechanical department of that paper. 
Subsequently he formed a partnership with Henry 
C. Wilson, and established the lithographing and 
printing house of Brown & Wilson. In 1875 Mr. 
Brown joined the ( )dd Fellows, and not long after 
became a member of the Royal .'Vrcanum, the 
National Provident Union, the Knights of Honor, 
and the American Legion of Honor. He is also a 



member of the Masonic order. His connection as 
a worker in the Legion of Honor began with the 
institution of the Grand Council of New York. He 
is a member of the committee on statistics and 
good of the order of the National Fraternal Con- 
gress. He is pronounced a master of the subject of 
fraternal insurance. 

Browx, J. Merrill, architect, was born in Con- 
way March 11, 1853. After the usual time spent 
in the public schools, he entered the Massachusetts 
Institute of Technology, finishing his architectural 
studies in the offices of H. H. Richardson and 
Peabody & Stearns. In 1882 he began practice for 
himself. He is the architect of many handsome 
and picturesque residences in the Dorchester dis- 
trict, Cambridge, Arlington, Lexington, Melrose, 
Marblehead, Milton, Fall River, Newtonville, Win- 
chester, Newton, Clifton, Brookline, New Bedford, 
Swansea, Woburn, and Somerville, Mass. ; Albany 
and Watertown, N.Y. ; and Kennebunkport, Me. 
The Massasoit National Bank, Fall River ; Eddy 
Building, New Bedford ; Town Hall, Swansea ; Gram- 
mar schools at Newton and Woburn ; Frost Brothers' 
apartment-house in the Dorchester district ; ex-Gov- 
ernor Brackett's residence at Arlington, — are all 
built after designs made by him. He also designed 
the cottage, stable, and interiors for Governor 
Flower, Watertown, N.\'. His present offices are in 
the new State-street Exchange Building. 

BRV.A.Nr, John Duncan, son of John and Mary A. 
(Duncan) Bryant, both natives of New Hampshire, 
and their parents Massachusetts people, was born in 
Meriden, N.H., Oct. 21, 1829. He came to Boston 
at the age of fifteen, and fitted for college in the 
Boston Latin School. He entered Harvard, and 
graduated in 1853. Then he studied law in the 
Harvard Law School and in the office of Willian: 
Dehore. He was admitted to the bar in 1857, and 
was in practice with Mr. Dehore until the latter re- 
tired, some fifteen years later. Since that time he 
has been engaged in general practice alone, and hi; 
present office is in the State-street Exchange Build- 
ing. For some years Mr. Bryant has been largel> 
employed as counsel for insurance companies, fire 
and marine, and other corporations, and in the care 
of trusts and settlement of estates ; has been directoi 
of railroad and other corporations. In politics he 
has always been independent. He is a member ol 
Trinity Church. Mr. Bryant married Miss Ellen 
Reynolds, of Boston. 



Bry^ 



Lewis L., M.D., son of Lewis H. and 




^ 




BOSTON OF T()-I)AV. 



Sophia (Mayberry) Bryant, was born in Casco, Me., 
May 14, 1850. His early education was begun in 
the local schools of his native town, and finished in 
the public schools of Cambridge, Mass., to which 
city his parents removed when he was eight years 
old. At the age of seventeen he went to work, and 
continued actively in business until 1871, when he 
began the study of medicine with Dr. Hildreth, of 
Cambridge. Afterwards he entered the Harvard 
Medical School. Graduating in 1874, he immedi- 
ately began the successful practice of his profession 
Since 1883 he has been assistant city physician of 
Cambridge. He is a member of the Massachusetts 
Medical Society and of the Cambridge Medical 
Improvement Society. He is also prominently iden- 
tified with the Masonic order. On Oct. 12, 1874, 
Dr. Bryant married Miss Abbie M., daughter of 
Seth M. Wiley, of Bostbn ; they have had three 
children : Mola, Seth, and Horace Bryant, all of 
whom died in infancy. 

Bryant, Napoleon B., was born in East Andover, 
N.H., Feb. 25, 1825. His parents were among 
the honored citizens of the town, possessing but a 
limited amount of means, but rich in those attain- 
ments of character which characterized the sturdy 
New England people of their day. The mother was 
of Revolutionary stock, and from one of the oldest 
families in her native town, and the father was a man 
of high character and fine natural endowments, and 
for years filled a position in life parallel to that of a 
general lawyer of to-day, acting as magistrate, trial 
and otherwise, for many years, making deeds, wills, 
and contracts, settling up estates, and so on. Young 
ISryant's early education was obtained under dilifi- 
culties, the first schools being only those afforded by 
the district and one term at a private school, to at- 
tenil which he was compelled to walk about two and 
a half miles each way daily. At ten years of age he 
entered the high school at Franklin, but was able to 
attend only half a term. A similar privilege was 
accorded him at the age of eleven and twelve. .\t 
the age of fourteen he borrowed money enough 
from a relation to defray the expense of an entire 
term at Boscawen Academy, giving his note there- 
for, which note he repaid with interest at the end of 
three years. Here he studied trigonometry and sur- 
veying, and for several years afterwards earned con- 
siderable sums to aid him in further prosecuting his 
studies, by surveying in his own and adjoining towns. 
And it was at this age that he began life for himself, 
determining to be self-supporting and at the same 
time continue his education. At fifteen he began 
teaching, and taught every winter until he left col- 



ege. Thus lacking means he drifted about, a term 
at a time, among the various academies in the State, 
at Concord, Claremont, Cilmanton, and New Lon- 
don, until he entered New Hampton, joining a class 
which was to fit for college in one year from that 
time. Here he took the studies of the freshman 
year, entered the sophomore class at Waterville at 
the same time his fellow-classmates entered as fresh- 
men. At the age of twenty-two years he entered 
the ofiice of Nesmith & Pike, of Franklin, and after 
almost two years of hard study entered Harvard Law 
School, from which he graduated in 1848. At the 
November term of the same year he was admitted to 
the bar of Crafton county, and immediately began 
practice at Bristol. At the age of twenty- five he 
was elected one of the commissioners of Grafton 
county — a position which he held three years, being 
chairman of the board two years. At twenty-nine 
he was appointed prosecuting attorney (solicitor) for 
( Irafton county, and discharged the duties of that 
office with marked ability. In 1853 he removed to 
Plymouth, and from that time was engaged on 
one side or the other of nearly every important 
cause tried by the jury. In 1855 he removed to 
Concord and entered into partnership with Lyman 
T. Flint, who had assisted him at New Hampton in 
fitting for the sophomore year. His practice soon 
became extended to Belknap and Hillsborough, 
while he retained his hold in Merrimack and upon 
his old clients in Grafton ; and thus we find him at 
the age of thirty, a lawyer with a large practice and 
a fine reputation established over a large part of his 
State. Up to 1856 Mr. Bryant affiliated with the 
Democratic party, but after the passage of the Ne- 
braska bill, and the troubles which had arisen in 
Kansas, he left that party and supported by voice 
and vote the nomination of Fremont for president. 
In 1857 he was elected to represent the sixth ward 
of Concord in the State Legislature, and was re- 
elected in 1858 and 1859. The last two years he 
served as speaker of the House, and his record as 
such was forcible, consistent, and brilliant. He left 
the position with the respect of all, for the ability, 
fairness, and courtesy which he had displayed. He 
was conspicuous during the bilter fight waged over 
the judicial system of the State, and while speaker 
he devised and succeeded in having passed the bill 
proviiling for the present system of New Hampshire. 
In i860 he was present at the Chicago national 
convention as a substitute delegate, and worked 
strenuously and effectively for the nomination of Mr. 
Lincoln ; and he afterwards stumped New Hamp- 
shire in his behalf. He was also a delegate from 
Massachusetts to the lialtimore convention which 



l62 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



again placed Mr. Lincoln in nomination. In the 
latter part of i860 Mr. Bryant removed to Boston, 
and has since continued here the practice of law, 
securing a place of prominence at the bar. 

BucH.^N.iN, Joseph Rodes, son of Dr. Joseph 
and Nancy Buchanan, was born in Frankfort, Ky., 
December 11, 181 4. At the age of fifteen he was 
left, by the death of his father, to maintain himself 
unaided ; and as a printer, teacher, and medical 
student he took an original course. In 1835, when 
he reached his majority, he began the career of a 
public teacher. Devoting himself to his chosen 
lifework, the consummation of physiology, by ascer- 
taining the unexplained functions of the brain and 
nervous system, and founding his labors on the 
theory of Gall and Spurzheim, he subjected this 
theory to years of analysis and criticism. In 1841 
his study of comparative development was super- 
seded by the discovery of the impressibility of the 
brain, and the power of so affecting the brains of 
intelligent persons as to determine the location of 
their various functions. The following year he pub- 
lished his explanation of the brain, showing the 
psychic and physiological functions of all parts, a 
condensed statement of which he afterwards gave in 
his " System of .Anthropology," published in 1854. 
Having graduated from the medical department of 
the Louisville University, he presented his conclu- 
sions to the faculty and authorities of that institution 
for examination. He was sustained by Professor 
Caldwell, and afterwards by Robert Dale Owen. 
Subsequently, in the winter of 1842-3, he pre- 
sented the subject in New York, where he received 
the indorsement of a committee of prominent men, 
William Cullen Bryant being the chairman. Subse- 
quently he gave experimental illustrations of the 
science of psychometry, first presented by him in 
1842, the principles of which are set forth in his 
" Manual of Psychometry," published in 1885. In 
1846 he joined with a number of physicians in 
Cincinnati in establishing the Eclectic Medical 
Institute. He was made dean of the faculty of 
the institute, and his new physiology was its most 
striking novelty. In 1857 he left Cincinnati to 
attend to the interests of his family estate in Ken- 
tucky. During the Civil War and the year succeed- 
ing he was chairman of the Democratic State 
central committee, and his policy, producing har- 
mony between the conflicting parties there, was so 
highly appreciated that he was nominated by lead- 
ing citizens for governor ; but he declined to stand. 
In 1887 he took a position as professor in the 
Eclectic Medical College of New \'ork, which he 



held for four years. During this time the growth of 
the college was phenomenal. Dr. Buchanan was 
among the first to procure the admission of female 
students to a medical college. In 1882 he pub- 
lished " The New Education," which proposes a 
complete revolution in educational methods. Later 
he published " Therapeutic Sarcognomy," exhibit- 
ing the theory of the relations of the soul, brain, and 
body, and the new system of practice based upon 
it which he teaches in his Boston "College of 
Therapeutics." For years he has issued " Bu- 
chanan's Journal of Man," the aim of which is to 
pubhsh the results of his labors, and to apply to 
social progress the theories of his philosophy. Dr. 
Buchanan was first married in 1841, to Anne, 
daughter of Judge Rowan of Louisville, who had 
represented Kentucky in the United States Senate ; 
they had three sons and a daughter, all of whom 
are still living. In 1881 he married for his second 
wife Mrs. C. H. Decker, who has become promi- 
nent in the practice of psychometry. 

Buckley, Melville Bryant, was born in Green- 
point, L.I., May 19, iSoS. His jiarents removed 






..^ 




I 



MELVILLE B. BUCKLEY. 

to Danvers, Mass., when he was a child, and he 
obtained his early training in the grammar and 
high schools of that place. He began the study of 
dentistry with Dr. C. H. White, of Danvers, and 
after nearly two years of tuition came to Boston 





73 a r 



z/i77~ 



BOSTON OF TO- DAY. 



.6,3 



and entered the Boston Dental College, from which 
institution he graduated June, 1889. In September 
of the same year he accepted the position of demon- 
strator of mechanical dentistry at this college, which 
office he still most creditably fills. He is an active 
and energetic member of the Boston Dental College 
Alumni Association, and takes a deep interest in the 
affairs of that school. He is also a member of the 
Massachusetts Dental and the New England Den- 
tal Societies. 

BuLL.\RD, ^\'ILLIAM NoRTON, M.D., was bom in 
Newport, R.I., Aug. 23, 1853. He was educated 
in Boston private schools, graduated from Harvard 
in 1875, receiving the degree of A.B., and, taking a 
medical course, graduated from the Harvard Medi- 
cal School in 1880. He was also medical interne 
in the Massachusetts General Hospital, and then 
went abroad for two years, pursuing his professional 
studies in Vienna, Berlin, and Paris. He returned 
to Boston in 1882, where he has since remained in 
the practice of his profession. Dr. Bullard is visiting 
l)hysician to Carney Hospital, physician for diseases 
of the nervous system to out-patients of the Boston 
City Hospital, physician for diseases of the nervous 
system to the Boston Dispensary, and neurologist to 
the Children's Hospital. He is a member of the 
Massachusetts Medical Society, the American Neuro- 
logical Society, the New England Psychological 
Society, the Boston Society for Medical Improve- 
ment, the Boston Medico-psychological Society, and 
the Boston Society for Medical Sciences. He has 
been a frequent contributor to the various medical 
journals; among the topics discussed by him being 
" Chronic Tea-poisoning," " A Case of Cerebral Lo- 
calization with Double Trephining," and " Provision 
for the Care of Pauper Epileptics in Massachusetts." 

BuRDElT, JosHPH ( )., SOU of Joseph and Sally 
(Mansfield) Burdett, was born in South Reading 
(now Wakefield), Mass., Oct. 30, 1848. He was 
educated in the local schools and at Tufts College, 
graduating, in 1871, second in his class, notwith- 
standing the fact that he was absent nearly one-half 
of his senior year earning money to meet his college 
expenses. Immediately after graduation he began 
the study of law in the office of Judge Hammond, 
then city solicitor of Cambridge, and the same year 
entered the Harvard l.aw School. He was admitted 
to the Middlesex bar in April, 1873, and began 
jiractice with Mr. Hammond. The following year 
he removed to Hingham, where he has since resided, 
and subsequently opened his law office in ]')Oston. 
In Hingham he has been for many years a member 



of the school board, the past dozen years its chair- 
man. In 1884 and 1885 he representetl the town in 
the lower house of the Legislature, serving both 
years as House chairman of the committee on pub- 
lic service, which in 18S4 reported the civil-service 
bill now in the statutes. In the session of 1885 he 
was also a member of the committee on the judi- 
ciary. In 1886 he was made a member of the 
Republican State central committee, and in 1889 
was its chairman. Mr. Burdett, while enjoying a 
lucrative practice, is also prominent in local business 
interests. He is interested in the electric-lighting 
company of Hingham, and is president of the Rock- 
land Hotel Company, which owns the hotels Nantas- 
ket and Rockland on Nantasket beach. In t874 
Mr. Burdett was married to Miss Ella, daughter of 
John K. Corthell, of Hingham; they have three 
children : Harold Corthell, Edith Mansfield, and 
Helen Ripley Burdett. 

Burke, John H., was born in Chelsea Sept. 6, 
1856. \\'hen an infant his parents removed to Ohio, 
but two years after they returned and made their 
home in South Boston. There he received his early 
education in the public schools. In 1872 he 
entered Boston College, employing his spare time in 
the law office of his half-brother, Gen. P. A. Collins. 
In 1875 he became a regular student in General 
Collins's office, and also entered the Boston L^niver- 
sity Law School. He graduated in 1877. The 
same year he was made chief clerk to the licensing 
board of Boston, which position he held until the 
autumn of 1878, when he resigned. In October, 
that year, he was admitted to the bar. In 1883 he 
became a partner in the law firm of Collins, Burke, 
& Griffin. In 1888 he was president of the Chari- 
table Irish Society. Early in 1891 he was appointed 
to his present position as associate justice of the 
municipal court, by Governor Russell. In politics 
Judge Burke has always been a Democrat. In 1882 
he was married and established his home in the Dor- 
chester district. His family consists of his wife and 
three children. 

Bl'rnham, l.AMoNi' G., son of Washington and 
Mary (Giddings) Burnham, was born in Essex, 
Mass., on Aug. 5, 1844. He was educated in the 
public schools of his native town and at the Putnam 
High School in Newburyport. At the breaking out of 
the Civil War he enlisted at the early age of eighteen 
in Company K of the Forty-eighth Massachusetts 
Infantry, U.S.N'. Col. Eben F. Stone, of Newbury- 
port, was in command, and young Burnham served 
under him until the regiment was mustered out of 



164 



BOSTON OF Tt)-I)A\', 



service. He enlisted a second time, in Company F, 
Third Massacliusetts Infantry, of wlnicli Col. Charles 
R. Codman was the commander. He was afterwards 
appointed captain on the staff of Cen. Isaac S. Bur- 




LAMONT G. BURN 



rell, iM.V.M., serxing here until the resignation of 
his leader, after which he was given a similar posi- 
tion on the staff of Brig.-Cen. Hoban Moore. He 
was also made a provost-marshal. After this he 
was elected captain of Troop D, First Battalion of 
Cavalry — a position which he resigned two years 
later. I'pon being mustered out of the service, Mr. 
Burnham began business as a clerk with Batchelder 
Brothers in the coal trade. He devoted himself to 
his work with energy, and in 1868 he entered into 
partnership with Charles F. Newell under the firm 
name of Newell & Burnham, succeeding to the 
business of William Wood it Co. on Charles street. 
Everything went well with the new firm. Three 
years later, in 1S71, Mr. Xewell retired, and the 
business has since been continued under the name 
of L. G. Burnham & Co., Mr. Burnham being, as 
ever, its moving and inspiring genius. Where 
William Wood & Co. sold four thousand fi\e hun- 
dred tons yearly, L. (J. Burnham & Co. now sell 
nearly two hundred thousand tons. They do nearly 
all their own transportation, and own two ocean- 
steamers and four ocean-barges. They handle both 
anthracite and bituminous coal. With a main office 
at No. 75 State street, they have branch offices and 



wharves at No. 144 Charles street and Swett street, 
Mount Washington avenue and ( iranite street, South 
Boston, and No. 221 Bridge street. East Cambridge. 
He is Republican in politics. He has held numerous 
positions of trust and honor. He is vice-president 
of the Chamber of Commerce, treasurer of the Bos- 
ton Executive Business .\ssociation, and a director in 
the Mechanics National Bank of Boston. He is a 
member of Washington Lodge Free and Accepted 
Masons. Mr. Burnham married Miss May A.Wood, 
daughter of Rufus Merrill, of Lowell, on the 30th <>( 
June, 1881. They have no children. 

r,L-RNs, Mark F., son of Charles .\. and Eli/.a- 
l)eth (Hutchinson) Burns, was born in Milford, 
N.H., May 24, 1841. He comes of good old New 
England stock, and his parents were among the 
earliest of the anti-slavery agitators. He spent his 
early life on his father's farm, and obtained his 
education in the public schools of his native town 
and at the Appleton .'\cademy in Mount Vernon, 
X.H. He taught school for four years, and in 
1S66 came to Boston. Here he engaged first in the 
?clail milk-business, five years after entering the 
wholesale trade as a milk contractor, so called. He 




is now one of the largest retail milk-dealers iu the 
city, and is treasurer of the Boston I )airy Company, 
one of the largest milk-companies in the country, 
handling all of the milk on the line of the Fitchburg 



ROS'I'ON Ol'" TO-DAY. 



l6q 



Railroad and its tributaries, taking the milk pro- 
duced on over eight hundred different farms. Since 
iS66 Mr. Burns's business headquarters have been in 
the Charlestown district, and since 1873 he has re- 
sided in Somerville, now on his own estate at the 
corner of Pearl and Mt. Vernon streets. He was 
a member of the Somerville common council in 
18S0-1, the latter year its president ; of the board of 
aldermen in 1882-3 ; trustee of the Public ]-ibrary 
in I S84 ; and mayor of the city during the years 
1S85, 1886, 1 88 7, and 1888. He is secretary of the 
Mayors' Club of Massachusetts, which position he 
has held, with the exception of one year, since its or- 
ganization in 1887. He is a director in the Monu- 
ment National Bank of Charlestown, a trustee in the 
Charlestown Five Cents Savings Bank, and a direc- 
tor as well as treasurer in the Boston Dairy Com- 
pany ; and he was for several years president of the 
Milk Contractors' .Association. On Nov. i 7, 1862, Mr. 
fSurns married Miss Elvira Bowers ; their children 
are Samuel A., Robert, Maud, and Paul S. Burns. 

Burr, Chaiincv Rka, M.D., was born in Port- 
land, .Me., Oct. 16, 1S62. His early education was 
acquired in Portland, and then he entered Dart- 
mouth College. Subsequently, in 1884, he gradu- 
ated Ph.B. from Vale College, and ne.xt from 
Harvard Medical School in i888. .Afterwards he 
went abroad, studying his profession at Dublin and 
London. Returning to Boston in 1889 he has since 
practised his profession in this city. Dr. Burr has 
been district physician to the Boston Dispensary 
since October, 1890. He is a member of the 
Massachusetts Medical Society and of the Suffolk 
District Medical Society. He was married July 25, 

1889, to Miss Frances, daughter of the late Maj.- 
Cen. James Brewerton Ricketts, U.S..\., of Wash- 
ington, D.C. 

lluRKAGE, Walier Li.vcoi.N, M.I)., was born in 
Boston Oct. 21, i860. He was educated in the 
public schools of this city, and in Mr. Noble's 
private school. He received the degree of A.B. 
from Harvard in 1883, and the degrees of .A.M. 
and M.l). in 1888 from the Harvard Medical 
Scho(jl. On the completion of his service as house- 
officer at tlie Boston City Hospital, he went to New 
\ork, where he remained a year and a half, and 
graduated from the Woman's Hospital there P'eb. i, 

1890. Then he returned to Boston, where he has 
since remained in the practice of his profession. 
Dr. ISurrage is now gynzecologist to St. lOlizabeth's 
Hospital, electro- therapeutist to the Free Hospital 
for Women, and gynaecologist to out-patients at the 



Carney Hospital. He is a member of the Massa- 
chusetts Medical Society, of the Warren Club and 
of the .Alumni .Association, \Voman's Hospital. 

BuRREi.i., Herbert I.esi.ik, M.D., was born in 
Boston .April 27, 1856. He was educated in the 
public schools. He graduated from the Harvard 
Medical School in 1879, and received his degree 
of M.D. He was then house surgeon at the Boston 
City Hospital, and afterwards admitting physician 
at the same institution. In 1882 he was appointed 
surgeon to the Carney Hospital, which position he 
still holds. He is also surgeon to the Children's 
Hospital, and since 1 885 has been connected with 
the Boston City Hospital as surgeon to out-patients 
and assistant visiting-surgeon. He has been de- 
monstrator of surgical appliances and instructor in 
surgery since 1886, and is now instructor in clinical 
surgery. Dr. Burrell is a member of the Massa- 
chusetts Medical Society, of the Boston Society for 
Medical Improvement, the Boston Society for Medi- 
cal Observation, and the American Orthopaedic 
Society. He is lieutenant-colonel and medical 
director of the First Brigade Massachiisetts Volun- 
teer Militia, and also president of the board of 
medical officers at the State House. He is a 
regular contributor to the " Boston Medical and 
Surgical Journal," as reporter of surgical progress. 
He confines his practice to surgery. 

Burrell, Isaac Sanderson, son of Benjamin and 
Lucy (Baird) Burrell, was born in Dorchester 
Oct. 13, 1820. He was educated in the Roxbury 
public and Latin schools. He began active life 
in 1844 as a carriage-builder, and with this busi- 
ness he was connected for many years. He early 
became identified with local affairs in Roxbury, and 
has held important positions there. During Pierce's 
administration he was appointed postma.ster, and 
served through Buchanan's administration. Sub- 
secpiently he served with distinction in the Civil 
\\'ar, and immediately after his return he was ap- 
pointed city marshal of Roxbury. In this posi- 
tion he remained two years, then resigning, again 
to take the place of postmaster, to which he was 
reappointed by President Johnson. He continued 
as ])ostmaster until the anne.xation of Roxbury to 
Boston, and the office was made a station. He 
was three years a representative in the lower house 
of the Legislature (1856, 1857, and i860), and 
served two years in the common council, and one 
in the board of aldermen ( 1 86 1 ) of Roxbury. 
Since 1S71 he has been a member of the board 
of street commissioners of Boston. Cleneral Burrell 



[66 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



joined the Roxbury Artillery in 1840, and he has 
held all the different military offices, retiring as briga- 
dier-general of the First Brigade of the Militia. 
During the Civil War he commanded the Forty- 
second Massachusetts Regiment as colonel. He was 
taken prisoner at the battle of Galveston, Tex., and 
was held in confinement eighteen months and twenty- 
two days. He is a member of the G..A.R. (Post 26), 
the Loyal Legion, and other military organizations. 
He is also a Free Mason. He was married Jan. 23, 
1848, to Miss Maria A. Newell; they have six chil- 
dren: Maria L., Emma A., Benjamin H., Sarah S., 
Gertrude A., and Isaac H. Burrell. 

BuRr, Ge(>ri;e I.., was born in Walpole, N.H., 
Nov. 3, 1829. He was educated in the local 



the Roach Memorial Church and Liversidge Institute 
are theirs. Mr. Burt has resided in Mattapan since 
1848, is a director of the Dorchester Cooperative 
Bank, and was a member of the council four years. 
He served in the House of Representatives in 1880, 
1 88 1, and 1882, and was elected to the State senate 
in 1884 and 1885. He served on the committee ap- 
pointed by the governor to select a site for the insane 
asylum, and bought the four-hundred-acre farm at 
Medfield for $21,000, the allowance being $25,000. 
.^s the buildings secured were worth §9,000, the com- 
mittee obtained the site for about one-half the limit. 
Mr. Burt is an active member of the Master Builders' 
Association and of the Charitable Mechanic Asso- 
ciation. He was married in ^Valpole, N.H., to Miss 
Ellen A. Darby, of that town, on .Aug. 8, 1852. 




Burt, Johx H., son of Holland and .Xancy (Wat- 
kins) Burt, was born in Walpole, N.H., June 6, 1827. 
His early education was acquired in the public 
schools and academy of his native town. He learned 
the trade of a carpenter and builder, and coming 
early to Massachusetts, in 1850, established with his 
brother, George L. Burt, the contracting and building 
firm of J. H. Burt & Co., with headquarters in Matla- 
])an. The next year .Sumner .A. Burt was admitted 
to partnership, and the three brothers continued 



\ 



schools. He started business as carpenter and 
builder in Mattapan in 1850, in partnership with his 
brother, John H. Burt, and shortly after their older 
brother, Sumner A. Burt, was admitted, the business 
being conducted under the firm name of J. H. 
Burt & Co. Sumner A. Burt died in 1886, and the 
two younger brothers have since continued the busi- 
ness under the same style and name, and contract to 
any extent for all work, masonry as well as carpen- 
tering. They have done all sorts of building on ^^^^ ^ ^ 
churches, schools, business blocks, paper-mills, and 

fine residences, the latter being their great specialty, together for thirty-five year 
Many of the finest residences of Milton and Canton, Sumner A. dying 




doing 
886, the business 



notable \ 
has since 



I'ork. 
been 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



167 



conducted by the original partners. [For examples 
of their work see sketch of Cleorge L. Burt.] Mr. 
Burt has resided in Milton for forty years, and was 
selectman of the town for nine years. He is a mem- 
ber of the Master Builders' Association and the 
Charitable Mechanic .Association. He was married 
in lloston, 1854, to Miss Mary Jane Cushing. 

Bush, John Standish Foster, M.D., son of Solon 
W. and Theoda (Foster) Bush, was born in Burling- 




Massachusetts of the Legion of Honor, and he is 
now medical examiner-in-chief. He is also a past 
dictator of the Knights of Honor ; past commander 
in the Order of the (Golden Chain; a member of 
the Grand Lodge of Masons, and of the (irand Com- 
mandery of Knights Templar for Massachusetts and 
Rhode Island. Dr. Bush was married on June 4, 
1875, to ^I'ss Josephine M. Nason ; they have had 
two children : Klla A. and 'I'heoda F. Bush. 

Butler, John H.^skell, son of John and Mary J. 
(Barker) Butler, was born in Middleton, Essex 
county, Aug. 31, 1841. His early training was in 
the district schools of Groton and Shirley, the high 
school in Shirley, and the Lawrence Academy, Gro- 
ton, where he fitted for Vale. He was graduated 
from that college in the class of 1863. Then he 
studied law in the office of John n. A. (Iriffin and 
\Villiam S. Stearns, Charlestown, and in October, 
1868, was admitted to the bar at Cambridge. His 
first business connection was with Griffin & Stearns, 
and in the autumn of i868 he formed a copartner- 
ship with William S. Stearns, under the firm name 
of Stearns & Butler. This copartnership has con- 
tinued uninterrupted to the present time. Mr. 



J. FOSTER BUSH. 

ton, Vt., June 4, 1850. He obtained his early 
education in the schools there and in the Roxbiiry 
Latin School, his parents having moved to Boston 
when he was fourteen years old. 'I'hen he took a 
special course in chemistry in the Institute of Tech- 
nology, and after that a course in natural sciences at 
Cornell I'niversity, and entering the Harvard Med- 
ical School he graduated in 1874 with the degree 
ot M.I). In 1883 he was appointed house surgeon 
in the Massachusetts General Hospital. For many 
years he was surgeon to the Boston Dispensary, and 
he is now physician to the Children's Mission. He 
is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, 
and is one of the councillors of the society. Dr. 
Bush is actively interested in fraternal organizations. 
He was one of the charter members of the Boston Butler was a member of the House of Representa- 
Council, American Legion of Honor, and was elected tives in 1880 and 1881 ; was elected by the Legisla- 
its first commander. He has been grand treasurer ture of 1884 as member of executive council for the 
and supreme representative of the (Irand Council of Third Councillor District, to fill a vacancy caused by 




HASKELL BUTLER. 



1 68 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



. the death of the Hon. Charles R. McLean ; and was 
reelected by the same district in 1885 and 1886. 
He has served twelve years on the Somerville 
school board ; as president of the Eastern Associates 
three years ; supreme regent of the Royal .Arcanum, 
1883 to 1885 ; supreme representative of the 
Knights of Honor, 1887, 1888; president of the 
National Fraternal Congress two years; is chair- 
man of the committee on laws and advisory counsel 
of the C;rand Lodge, United Workmen, of Massa- 
chusetts ; chairman of the committee on laws of 
Supreme Council Royal Arcanum ; and supreme 
treasurer of the Home Circle and the Royal Society 
of Good Fellows. He is a member of the New 
P^ngland Commercial Travellers' Association, Order 
of Free Masons, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, 
American Legion of Honor, and Knights of Pythias. 
He is a director also of the Suffolk Trust Company. 
His residence is in Somerville. Mr. Buder was 
married in Pittston, Pa., Jan. i, 1870, to Miss Laura 
I.., daughter of Jabez B. and Mary (Ford) Bull; 
they have one child, John Lawton Butler. 

Butler, J(ihn Henry, son of William and Hannah 
( Paine) Butler, both natives of Maine, was born in 
Thomaston, Me., Oct. 11, 1819 ; died November, 
: 89 1 . He was fitted for college at Sandwich, N.H., 
and at Fryeburg, Me., and entering Dartmouth, 
graduated in 1846. He came to Boston the same 
year, and was elected usher in the Brimmer School. 
.After teaching three years in this capacity, he was 
elected master for three years. While there he 
read law with Lyman Mason, and afterwards with 
Ranney & Morse, and was admitted to the bar in 
1852. With the exception of a few years in the 
'6o's, when he was associated with Aaron Kingsbury, 
he practised alone. For years his office was at No. 34 
School street. He was an active Republican. He 
was married in 1849 to Charlotte P. Libbey, a native 
of Pordand, Me., and she survives him, with one son, 
Elliot L., a successful merchant in New York city, and 
one daughter, Emma R. Butler. Mr. Butler was a 
vestryman in Trinity Church for sixteen years, and for 
six years the superintendent of its Sunday-school. 



C AH ILL, Charles S., M.D., son of John and 
Mary Cahill, was born in Cambridge, Mass., 
April 1 1, 1864. He was educated in public schools 
and at Harvard, where he took a special course. He 
graduated from Harvard Medical -School in 1886, and 
then continued his studies with Dr. Durrell, of Som- 
erville. He was for a time connected with Carney 
Hospital, after which he began the practice of his 



profession in Cambridge, where he has since re- 
mained. He is a member of the Massachusetts 
Medical Society, of the Cambridge Medical Im- 
provement Society, and of the Somerville Medical 
Society. 

Campbell, Charles A., son of Jeremiah and 
Nancy (Hawes) Campbell, was born in Boston 
Nov. 6, 1837. He was educated in the public 
schools of Chelsea, and there began business life. 
He has since been extensively engaged in the coal 
business in that city and in Boston. He has served 
in the Chelsea common council (four years), the 
board of aldermen (two years), as water commis- 
sioner, and as trustee of the Chelsea Public Library ; 
and has represented the First Suffolk District in the 
State senate (1884). He is in politics a Republi- 
can. He served in the Civil War, enlisting on July 
2, 1862, in Company O, Fortieth Regiment Massa- 
chusetts Volunteers ; was nine months regimental 
quartermaster sergeant, and was commissioned lieu- 
tenant by Governor Andrew, and captain March 
21, 1865. He is now a prominent member of the 
(;.A.R. Mr. Campbell was married in Boston Jan. 
I, 1861, to Miss Lavinia Hutchinson; they have 
one daughter and one son : Alice L. and Jeremiah 
Campbell. 

Campbell, Benjamin Franklin, M.D., son of 
Benjamin W. H. and Isabel (.Sutherland) Camp- 
bell, was born near Halifax Sept. 12, 1834. He 
attended the local schools until 1853, when he 
moved to New York, where, in public and private 
schools, he fitted for college. In 1854 he entered 
the Harvard Medical School, and graduated in 
1857. Subsequently he took a special course in 
surgery in London, under Christopher Heath, and 
also visited the various hospitals in London, Edin- 
burgh, and Paris. Upon his return he established 
himself in East Boston, and soon acquired an ex- 
tensive practice, which is now limited only by his 
endurance. In 1862 he served as surgeon in the 
general field-hospital on the Pamentry River, Va., 
and in 1864 as acting assistant-surgeon U.S..\., at 
the Webster General Hospital in Manchester, N.H. 
He is now surgeon of Joseph Hooker Post, No. 23, 
(;.A.R. He was a member of the lower house of 
the Legislature of 18S2-3, serving as chairman of 
the committee on water supply. During his first 
term he introduced the order which became a law, 
compelhng merchants and manufacturers to provide 
seats for their female employees when not engaged 
in the performance of their duties. In 1 889-90 he 
was a member of the senate, serving as chairman of 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY, 



169 



the committee on education. He was an alternate 
delegate to the national Republican convention at 
Chicago in 1880 ; and was president of the Garfield 
Club of East Boston, and also of the Harrison Club 
of 1 888. He is now (1892) president of the East 
Boston Citizens' Trade Association. He was over- 
seer of the poor for six years. He is a member of 
the Massachusetts Medical Society, and one of its 
councillors. He has frequently given public lect- 
ures, four of which, on " The Effects of Alcohol 
upon the Human Organization," "The Dangers of 
the Republic," "The Abuse of the Tongue," and 
" Rational Medicine," received wide attention. Dr. 
Campbell was married on Dec. 20, 1866, to Miss 




BENJAMIN F. CAMPBELL. 

-Albina M. C. .Anderson ; they have three children : 
Frank, Crace, and Blanche Sutherland Campbell. 

Campheu., Samukl S., son of Benjamin G. and 
Charity J. (I.unt) Camiibell, was born in Bangor, 
Me., July 23, 1832 ; died .April i, 1891. He ob- 
tained his early education in the public schools of 
his native city. He began business with M. 
Schwartz, saw manufacturer, hardivare and mill sup- 
plies, etc., in Bangor. In 1S56 he went to Mon- 
treal and engaged in the same business, where he 
remained until 1876, when he returned to the 
L'nited States and settled in Boston. He was con- 
nected with several corporations. He assisted in 
organizing the Harvard, now Boston, Clock Com- 



]5any, and was elected its first president. He was 
married in Bangor, Me., July 3, 1S54, to Lucy lane, 




SAMUEL S. CAMPBELL. 

daughter of Moses and Phimelia (Saunders) Stevens, 
who survives him, with one son, Charles M. Camp- 
bell. He was connected with the Park-street Church. 
In politics he was a Republican. He never aspired 
to office, although frequendy urged to stand for 
political positions. 

C.-iND.-VGE, RUFL'S CiEORGE FREDERICK, SOn of 

Samuel Roundy and Phebe Ware (Parker) Can- 
dage, was born in Blue Hill, Me., July 28, 1826. 
His great-grandfather, James Candage, went from 
Massachusetts to Blue Hill in 1766, and was one of 
the earliest settlers of the place, and his grand- 
father married Hannah Roundy there, in 1775. 
She died in 1851, at the ripe age, of nearly ninety- 
eight years. Rufus Candage passed his boyhood 
on his father's farm, and worked at times in the saw- 
mill near at hand. His education was attained in 
the country school and at the Blue Hill Academy, 
where he spent two terms. At the age of eighteen, 
after some experience in a coaster and fisherman, 
he became a sailor, beginning his seafaring life on 
vessels plying between ports in Maine and Boston. 
Then he extended his voyages to Southern ports, 
and then to the West Indies and European ports. 
Early becoming proficient as a seaman, he passed 
from the forecastle to the iiuarter-deck. In 1850 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



friends in r.lue Hill built him a brig, which was 
named the " Equator," and in this he made his 
first voyage as master, from Boston to \'alparaiso. 
Subsequently he commanded the ships "James- 



f 






RUFUS G. F. CANDAGE. 

town " of Neu- \'ork, the " Electric Spark " and the 
" National Eagle " of Boston, sailing to most of the 
principal ports of Europe, Asia, Australia, and 
America. His last voyage was made in the 
" National Eagle," of which he was part owner, 
from Liverpool to Boston, in May, 1867. Upon 
his retirement from the sea he made his home in 
Brookline, where he still resides, and established 
his business office in Boston. In January, 1868, 
he was appointed surveyor by the American Ship- 
masters' Association of New York, for the record 
of American and foreign shipping; and the same 
year he was made marine surveyor for the Boston 
board of underwriters, which position he held for 
about ten years. In 1882 he was made surveyor 
for the Bureau Veritas of Paris. He is now presi- 
dent of the Boston Fire-brick and Clay-retort 
Manufacturing Company, and of the Boston Terra 
Cotta Company. Mr. Candage has long been 
prominent in Brookline town-affairs. He has been 
one of the selectmen; an assessor since 1884 ; one 
of the board of trustees of the public librar)', and 
from 1880 to 1883 treasurer of the board; five 
years a member of the school committee, three 
years its chairman ; and the town's representative 



in the lower house of the Legislature in 1882-83, 
serving on the committees on harbors and public 
lands, and rules. He belongs to many organiza- 
tions, among them the Boston Marine Society, of 
which he was president in 1882-83 > ^^^ New 
England Historic Genealogical Society; the Bos- 
tonian Society ; the Brookline, the Brookline Thurs- 
day, the Norfolk, and the Pine Tree State Clubs ; 
and the Baptist Social Union. He is treasurer of 
the Seamen's Bethel Relief Society, and of other 
funds. He belongs to the Masonic Order, the 
Royal Arcanum, and the Independent Order of 
Improved Red Men. Mr. Candage has been twice 
married: first. May i, 1853, to Elizabeth Augusta, 
daughter of Elijah Carey, jr., of Brookline ; and 
second, May 22, 1873, to Ella Maria, daughter of 
Benjamin White, of Revere. Of the latter union 
are five children: C.eorge Frederick, Ella .Augusta, 
Phebe Theresa, Robert Brooks, and Sarah Caroline 
Candage. 

Canuler, John Wilson, son of Captain John and 
Susan (Wheelwright) Candler, was born in Boston 
Feb. 10, 1828. The family is of Saxon origin. 
Two branches of it are noted in English history, the 
one in county Suffolk and the other in Esse.x. In 
church militant, as well as in the army, the Candlers 
achieved reputation and influence. Captain John 
Candler, the grandfather, emigrated from Essex, 
Flngland, to Marblehead, and married, at about the 
close of the Revolutionary war, .Abigail Hulin Rus- 
sell. She was the descendant of a Huguenot family 
and the widow of Lieut. Thomas Russell, first lieu- 
tenant under Captain Mudford, commanding a pri- 
vateer during the Revolutionary war, who succeeded 
the gallant captain, upon the latter's death, in com- 
mand of the vessel, and was successful in beating off 
the British blockading-vessels in the memorable bat- 
tle in Boston harbor. The maternal grandfather of 
Mr. Candler was Lot Wheelwright, who was one of 
the great shipbuilders and merchants of Boston 
during the period between 1790 and 1840, being 
senior member of the firm of Lot Wheelwright & 
Sons, for many years on Central wharf. Mr. Candler's 
father, Captain John Candler, jr., was an officer in 
the United States Navy, appointed from Marblehead, 
in the War of 181 2 ; an officer on board the frigate 
" Constitution ;" and was with Commodore Stewart 
on the same vessel in his famous cruise through the 
British Channel. Mr. Candler was born while his 
father was in active business as shipbuilder and mer- 
chant in Boston. He was educated in the Marble- 
head Academy and the Dummer .Academy, Byfield, 
finishing his scholastic course under the tuition 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



171 



of Rev. A. Briggs, a Baptist minister of Schoharie 
.\cademy, New York. On leaving school he took a 
clerkship in Boston. Soon after the death of his 
father, in 1849, the family removed to Brookline, 
where Mr. Candler has since resided. For the past 
thirty-two years he has been a member of different 
firms of ship-owners engaged in foreign trade. The 
present firm-name is John \V. Candler & Co. Their 
business is chiefly with the East and West Indies and 
the Cape of Oood Hope, and is of such character 
and magnitude as to class the senior member among 
the eminent and widely known merchants of this 
country. Mr. Candler's interest in politics and in 
all public questions, coupled with his skill and ability 
as a public speaker and presiding officer, have con- 
tinuously brought him into notice. Foreign trade 
has given him exceptional opportunities of acquiring 
extensive and precise information ; business experi- 
ence has taught him how to use it. He was an 
intimate friend of the late Covernor John A. Andrew, 
and through the Civil War was a stanch and efficient 



! 






■ 






'h 


ii^' 


^"-^W 




7 



supporter of the great "War ( lovernor " in his 
patriotic task. In 1S66 Nfr. Candler was a member 
of the Legislature, but declined a renomination. 
From 1869 to 1873 he "'as an earnest advocate of 
a board of prison commissioners. After the creation 
of the board by the State, he served for several years 
as its chairman. For four years he devoted much 
time to the prosecution of the work of building the 



separate prison for women, a philanthropic work, 
defraying his own expenses. He has been a promi- 
nent member of the national board of trade and 
has served for several terms as one of the vice-presi- 
dents from Massachusetts. He was president of the 
Boston board of trade in 1877 and 1878, and declined 
renomination. He has been president of the Com- 
mercial Club three terms. Mr. Candler is a Repub- 
lican in politics, but of the liberal wing of the party, 
advocating change of navigation laws, revision of the 
tariff, and modification of sundry commercial treaties. 
In 1876 and 1878 he was a prominent candidate for 
congressional honors. In 1880 he was elected a 
member of the Forty- seventh Congress by the Re- 
publicans of the Eighth Congressional District, and 
in 1888 he was elected to the I'ifty-first Congress 
in the Ninth District by a large majority, after an 
exciting and memorable contest, in which the Hon. 
Edward Burnett, the previous representative, was 
again the opposing candidate. During the Fifty- 
first Congress he was chairman of the world's fair 
committee, known as the select committee on 
quadro-centennial of the discovery of America, an 
important body which controlled largely the action 
(if Congress on this measure. It was recognized by 
the members of the Fifty-first Congress that no 
individual member had more influence, by means of 
his tact and earnestness and judgment, in securing 
the passage of the act and inaugurating the celebra- 
tion, than John W. Candler, of Massachusetts. Mr. 
Candler was married in September, 1851,10 Lucy 
A., daughter of Henry Cobb, of Boston. She died 
in October, 1855. His second marriage occurred in 
November, 1867, with Ida M., daughter of John 
Garrison, of the Garrett Garrison family, for many 
generations living on the Hudson River, New York, 
who died in April, 1891. His family consists of 
three daughters : Cora, who married Charles G. Bush, 
of Weston, and who resides in West New Brighton, 
Staten Island, N.Y. ; .Anita, who married Hon. 
David S. Baker, jr., of North Kingston, R.I., residing 
in Wickford, R.I. ; and .Amelia G. Candler. 

C.M'KN, G. \\'Ai;n-:R, architect, was born in Can- 
ton, Mass., in 1853. He graduated from the Insti- 
tute of Technology in the class of 1877, and then 
entered the office of J. P. Rinn, remaining there 
until 1880, when he began practice for himself. He 
is the architect of a number of fine buildings in 
Canton, Mass., among them being the Canton Corner 
Engine-house, the residences of T. B., J. L., and 
W. H. Draper, Charles Sumner, J. W. Wattles, and 
J. D. Dunbar, the large mill of the Rising Sun Stove 
Polish Company, and the new Knitted Carpet-lining 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Mills. In Hviie Park he has designed the resi- 
dences of (leorge H. Whiting, W. H. Turner, E. H. 
Williams, Fred Tirrill, W. H. Alles, and a large 
number of smaller but artistic homes. Of his latest 
work are an elegant stone country house and stable 
for ('jeorge H. Morrill, jr., of Norwood, and other 
artistic residences in the same town. 

Capf.n, .Samukl Killings, son of Samuel ("hilds 
and .'\nn (Billings) Capen, was born in Boston Dec. 
12, 1842. He is the eighth generation from Ber- 
nard and Jane Capen, the progenitors of all the 
Capens in New England. They came to Dorchester 




SAMUEL B. CAPEN. 

in the ship "Mary and John" May 30, 1630. The 
oldest gravestone in New England bears the name 
of Bernard Capen, who died in 1638. He is also 
the eighth generation from John Alden, of the Fly- 
mouth Colony, and of Roger Billings, who came to 
Dorchester in 1640. Samuel B. was educaterl in 
the old Quincy Grammar School and the Flnglish 
High, graduating from the latter in 1858. He be- 
gan his business career in the carpet store of Went- 
worth & Bright, and became a partner in the firm in 
1864, when the name was changed to William E. 
Bright & Co. ; afterwards it became William E. 
Bright (S; Capen. His firm is now the well-known 
Torrey, Bright, & Capen. Mr. Capen holds many 
positions of trust and responsibility. He is a 
director of the Howard National Bank, president of 



the Congregational Sunday School and Publishing 
Society, chairman of the finance committee of the 
Massachusetts Home Missionary Society, director of 
the American Congregational Association, member 
of the Boston Indian Citizenship Committee, and 
member of the Congregational Club, of which he 
was president in 1882. He is a prominent and in- 
fluential member of the school committee, chairman 
of the committees on school-houses, on manual- 
training schools, legislative matters, and annual re- 
port, and one of the committee on accounts. Mr. 
Capen was married Dec. 8, 1869, to Miss Helen 
Maria Warren, daughter of the late Dr. John W. 
Warren ; they have two children : Ivlward, and 
Mary Warren. 

Carlkiox, CiUV H., born in lloston Sept. 29, 
1 85 I, now the secretary and treasurer of the Smith- 
Carleton Iron Company, has long been a leading 
man in his business. He was secretary, treasurer, 
and direttor in the (i. W. &F. Smith Iron Com- 
pany, wliii h pici I'lled the Smith-Carleton Company. 
The latter was incurporated in 1889, and Bryant G. 
Smith, son of the late Oeorge \\'. Smith, of the 
former company, was made the superintendent. 
They have furnished the iron work for many large 
buildings, including those of the Master Builders' 
Association, the Quincy Market Storage Company, 
the John Hancock Company, the F",dison Electric 
Light Company, Bell Telephone, and the Mutual 
Life: the " Shuman Corner ;" the Waller Baker & 
( 'u.\ mill ; the Farlow Building ; several Beacon- 
sireet apartment-houses ; the Arlington library ; sev- 
1 111 liiiw 11 ir^ ind factories ; and a number of notable 
irsidrii. .s, lilt liidiim \V. K. Vanderbilt's mansion in 
Nr\v|)i.rl, ami si\cral in the Back Bay district, Boston. 
I'lieir works in Boston street are the most complete 
ill the country. Mr. Carleton was one of the orig- 
inal nine who started the Master Builders' .Associa- 
tion. He was married in 1875 to a daughter of the 
late Oeorge W. Smith, founder of the O. W. & F. 
Smith Iron Company. He resides in Boston. 

Car.vkv, .Michael, was born in Cuklaff, county 
Donegal, Ire., November, 1829. He received his 
education in the national schools of his native 
])lace, and came to this country when twenty years 
old, arriving in Boston in 1849. He found employ- 
ment in the shipyard of Donald McKay, the 
famous shipbuilder of his time, in East Boston. 
Here he soon acquired a thorough practical knowl- 
edge of fastening or bolting ships, a special branch 
of the business, and then with two others formed a 
copartnership, and took the contracts of fastening 



liOSTON Ol 



n^ 



all the famous clipper-ships Iwilt by Mr. McKay 
(luring the period from 1851 to 1S60. During the 
same time he took similar contracts on the ships 
built by the Briggs Brothers, of South Boston. 
\\'hen the war of the Rebellion broke out, the busi- 
ness of ship-building was almost wholly given up, 
owing to the increased tariff imposed by the govern- 
ment on all imported materials that were used in the 
construction of ships, and thus being obliged to 
seek other employment, Mr. Carney engaged in the 
fire-insurance business. He continued in this busi- 
ness up to the time of his appointment to his pres- 
ent position of register of voters. IXiring this 
period he held many positions of trust and respon- 
sibility. He servetl as an assistant assessor of the 
city from 1859 to 1879. He was two years a mem- 
ber of the common council, and was elected six 
successive times to represent old Ward 2 in the 
Legislature. During his service as a member of 
that body he acted as chairman of the committee 
on inland fisheries, on the committee on street rail- 
roads, and on that of public charitable institutions, 
which in 1876 investigated the institutions of the 
State. While a member of the latter committee a 
bill was introduced the tenor of which was to grant 
religious liberty in all the prisons throughout the 
State. Mr. Carney earnestly advocated this meas- 
ure on the floor of the house, and his speech mate- 
rially aided its final passage. He was a charter 
number of the Catholic Union of Boston, and 
has been during the past twenty-four years president 
of St. Mary's Conference of the Society of St. Vincent 
de Paul, for which society he obtained a special 
charter while a member of the Legislature. 

Carsox, Hovv.vrd .Ad.4ms, son of Daniel B. Car- 
son, formerly a railroad contractor, was born in West- 
field, Mass., Nov. 28, 1843. His early education 
was in the schools of North O.xford ; and he gradu- 
ated from the Institute of Technology in the class 
of 1869. He was in the office of Messrs. Shedd 
& Sawyer the same year. In 1870 he was 
assistant engineer for the Brady's Bend Iron Com- 
pany in Pennsylvania. From 1871 to 1873 he was 
assistant engineer on the Providence Water Works, 
and for the next four years was assistant engineer in 
charge of the construction of sewers in that city. 
In 1X77 he went abroad with Joseph P. Davis, then 
city engineer of Boston, to study some of the 
sewerage systems of Europe. For several years 
thereafter he was principal superintendent of con- 
struction of the Boston main drainage works. In 
1887 he was selected by the State board of health 
of Massachusetts to make the investigations, plans. 



and estimates for what is now known as the Metro- 
politan System of Sewerage of Massachusetts. In 
the latter part of October, 1889, the Metropolitan 
sewerage commission appointed him their chief 
engineer. He is the inventor of the so-called " Car- 
son Trench Machine " and various other appliances 
and methods which are used on sewerage and simi- 
lar works. Mr. Carson is one of the trustees of the 
Institute of Technology, and was for four \ears 
president of the Alumni .Association. 

Carter, Hknry H., superintendent of streets, is 
a native of Boston. He graduated from the Insti- 
tute of Technology in the department of civil engi- 
neers, class of 1877. From that date until 1881 he 
was engaged, under the city engineer, on the con- 
struction of the Improved Sewerage System of the 
city, and from 1881 to 1883 on the construction of 
the Moon Island Reservoir and Dorchester Bay 
Tunnel. In 1883 he was appointed assistant en- 
gineer of the Boston Water Works, with head- 
quarters at South Framingham, having in charge the 
building of Farm-pond Conduit and the surveys for 
the future development of the Sudbury-river water- 
supply. On the completion of this work he was 
appointed chief engineer of the Boston Sewer De- 
partment, which position he held until April i, 1889, 
when he was appointed assistant engineer in charge 
of the extension of the Improved Sewerage System. 
He was holding this position when, on Jan. 1 7, 
1 89 1, he was appointed by Mayor Matthews acting 
superintendent of streets. Subsequently he was 
confirmed as superintendent of streets under the 
new ordinance consolidating the departments of 
sewers, sanitary police, and bridges, and the office 
of commissioner of Cambridge bridges, and placing 
them under the administrative control of this officer. 
Mr. Carter is a member of the .American Society of 
Civil Engineers and of the Boston Society of Civil 
Engineers. 

Carter, Solomon, son of Solomon and Elizabeth 
(White) Carter, was born in Lancaster, Mass., Jan. 
19, 1 8 1 6. His education was acquired in the schools 
of his native town and in Master Whitney's evening 
school in Boston (which used to be in Harvard 
place, opposite the Old South Meeting-house), 
where he studied two terms. He began work as a 
boy in a retail dry-goods store here, and not long 
afterwards became an apprentice in the drug-store 
of Cregg & Hollis. Then, in 1839, when twenty- 
three years old, he opened a retail store on his 
own account in the West F.nd. Subsc(piently, 
removing to Hanover street, he enlarged his opera- 



174 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



tions, and there he contniued in the wholesale as 
well as the retail drug business for about thirty 
years, the firm name during that period changing 
several times : from Solomon Carter to Solomon 
Carter & Co., then to Carter, Wilson, & Co., then 
to Carter, Colcord, & Preston, and then to Carter, 
Rust, & Co. Finally, selling out the Hanover- 
street business, he formed a new concern under 
the style of Carter & Wiley, and established it on 
Washington street, opposite School ; and some years 
after, buying out Mr. Wiley, organized the firm of 
Carter, Harris, & Hawley. The house is now 
Carter, Carter, & Kilham, and occupies the sub- 
stantial building on Washington street nearly oppo- 
site Bromfield. The business is one of the largest 
in the city, and the head of the house is the oldest 
dealer in active trade in the State. Mr. Carter has 
been a member of the common council (in 1849 
and 1S50), of the board of aldermen (in 1S57), 
of the board of assessors and of the lower house 
of the Legislature (in i86g and 1870). From an 
ardent Whig he became an ardent Republican. He 
was married in Lancaster, April 10, 1845, to Miss 
Abby, daughter of Levi Lewis, of that town; they 
have had four sons: Frank Edward (deceased), 
Fred. I.., now associated in business with his father, 
Herbert L., and Clarence H. Carter. 

CuAMiiERLAiN, MvuoN Levi, M.!)., soh of Dr. 
Levi Chamberlain, of New Salem, Mass., was born 
in Creenwich, Mass., Sept. 22, 1844. He fitted 
for college at the New Salem Academy, but aban- 
doned a collegiate course to enter the army as 
a recruit to the Tenth Regiment Massachusetts 
Volunteers. While in camp at Cambridge he was 
taken seriously ill, and was discharged. As soon as 
his health was restored he began the study of medi- 
cine in the Berkshire Medical College, Pittsfield, 
Mass. In February, 1865, he was appointed a 
medical cadet in the regular army, and was sta- 
tioned at the Dale (ieneral Hospital in Worcester, 
and the Hicks (leneral Hospital in Baltimore. 
While in the latter hospital he took the winter course 
of lectures in the medical department of the Mary- 
land Institute. He received an honorable discharge 
from the service in February, 1866. In March, 
1867, he graduated from the Bellevue Hospital 
Medical College, New York, and in the following 
.'\pril settled in Southbridge, Mass., where he con- 
tinued in practice until September, 1874. The 
next two years were spent in rest, travel abroad 
(visiting Egypt, Syria, Turkey, and Creece), and 
study. Several months were devoted to the hospi- 
tals in London, Paris, and Vienna. In April, 1877, 



Dr. Chamberlain established himself in Boston, and 
he has been in active practice of medicine and 
surgery here since that time. He was visiting 
physician to Carney Hospital in 1885. He is a 
member of the Massachusetts Medical Society and 
of the American Medical Association. He has 
devised numerous original medical and surgical ap- 




MYRON L. CHAMBERLAIN. 



pliances. In 1^74 Dr. CIki 
to Miss Charlotte P. Wales, 
Wales, of Wales, Mass. 



berlain was married 
lughter of Royal S. 



Ch.andler, Henry B., M.D., son of the late 
Cumberbatch Chandler, of Barbadoes, W.I., was 
born in Barbadoes June 24, 1855. He was edu- 
cated in the Montreal High School and the Uni- 
versity of Bishops College, Montreal, from which 
he graduated CM., M.D., gold medallist and vale- 
dictorian of the class of 1880. He took a special 
course of medicine in New York, and served 
eighteen months in a Brooklyn hospital, and then 
in 1882 entered the Massachusetts Charitable Eye 
and P^ar Infirmary in Boston as house surgeon, re- 
maining there for thirty months. In 1 886 he was 
appointed assistant surgeon to this institution, and in 
1889 surgeon, which position he now holds. He 
was oculist at St. P^lizabeth Hospital from 1886 to 
1889, when he resigned. He is a member of the 
Massachusetts Medical Society, of the New England 
Ophthalmological Society, and other medical or- 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



f75 



ganizations. He has contributed important pajjers 
to the " Boston Medical and Surgical Journal " en- 




B. CHANDLER. 



titled " Transplantation of Rabbit's Eye to the 
Human Orbit," and "Report of Fifty Cataract Ex- 
tractions by a New Method." 

Chandler, Parker C, son of Peleg \V. and 
Martha (Cleaveland) Chandler, was born in Boston 
Dec. 7, 1848. He fitted for college at the Boston 
Latin School, and graduated from Williams College 
in 1S72, and the Harvard Law School in 1874. He 
read law also with his father, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1875. He has been engaged successfully 
in practice ever since, concerned almost exclusively 
with corporation practice, having been counsel for 
electrical companies, and now counsel for the Balti- 
more & Ohio Railroad. He was managing attor- 
ney in the suit of Cyrus W. Field z's. New England 
Railroad, and also in the famous seven-year case of 
the American Bell Telephone Co. Z's, Drawbaugh 
Telephone Co. In politics he is Republican. He 
was one of the originators of the Bristow Reform 
movement which first vigorously advocated the civil- 
service reform idea. He was secretary for Senator 
John Sherman in the latter's campaign for the nomi- 
nation to the presidency in 1880, and was also in 
charge of the Citizens' Reform movement in Boston 
during the Butler campaigns. He also made the 
original draft of the present registration-laws. He 



has never aspired to any office. Mr. Chandler's 
family have been connected with P.oston journalism 
for the last fifty years, during the Civil War being 
owners of the " Advertiser." He has devoted much 
time and attention to literary work. 

Chandler, Peleg Whitman, son of Peleg and 
Esther (Parsons) Chandler, was born in New 
Cloucester, Me., April 12, 1816 ; died in Boston 
May 28, 1889. He was a direct descendant of 
Edmund Chandler, who came from England and 
settled in Duxbury, Mass., in 1633. There his 
grandfather was born. The home in New Glouces- 
ter was made just prior to the Declaration of Inde- 
[lendence, and his grandfather represented that town 
in the General Court of Massachusetts in 1 774. His 
maternal grandfather was Col. Isaac Parsons, a 
native of (doucester, who moved to Maine in 1761. 
He also was a member of the General Court, and he 
was an officer in the Revolutionary army. Mr. 
Chandler's father was a graduate of Brown Univer- 
sity, and a successful counsellor-at-law. Mr. Chand- 
ler fitted for college in the classical department of 
the Bangor Theological Seminarv, and at the a^e of 




PELEG W CHANDLER. 

eighteen graduated from Bowdoin College in the 
class of 1834. He began the study of law in his 
father's office in P.angor, then entered the Dane Law 
School at Cambridge, and finished in the Boston 
office of his kinsman, the late Prof. Theophilus Par- 



t76 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



sons. He was admitted to the bar in 1837, and es- 
tablished himself in Boston. Before completing his 
legal studies he became associated with the " Daily 
Advertiser " as reporter of law cases in the higher 
courts, and for many years after he was identified 
with this paper, a frequent contributor to its edito- 
rial columns ; for a long period, also, he was one of 
its proprietors. In 1838 he established the " Law 
Reporter," the first law magazine published in the 
country, and successfully conducted it for about ten 
years, when he sold it to Stephen H. Phillips, after- 
wards attorney-general of the State. At about this 
time he published the first volume of his valuable 
work on " American Criminal Trials," beginning 
with the case of .Anne Hutchinson, and including 
what has been called the best statement extant of the 
trial of the British soldiers in the Boston massacre 
of 1770. The second volume followed a few years 
later. The work was also published in London. In 

1843 Mr. Chandler was elected to the Boston com- 
mon council, and, reelected, was its president in 

1844 and 1845. In 1844 he delivered the Fourth of 
July oration for the city authorities, taking for his 
subject "The Morals of Freedom." From 1844 to 
1846, and again in 1862 and 1863, he was a member 
of the lower house of the Legislature, taking a leading 
part in the legislation of those seasons. He was 
chairman of the legislative committee that reported 
the act which gave to Boston her water-supply, and 
carried the bill through the House. In June, 1S46, 
he was chosen city solicitor, which office he held 
until 1853, when he resigned. In this important 
station, it has been truly said by one of his eulogists, 
" he sustained himself with a prompt energy and 
wise forecast." During this period he prepared 
and published a volume containing the ordinances 
of the city, and a digest of the laws relating thereto. 
After his retirement from the city solicitorship he 
was appointed to revise the city charter and subse- 
quent laws affecting it. In 1849, while a LInited 
States commissioner of bankruptcy, he published a 
useful work on "The Bankrupt Law of the LInited 
States, and an Outline of the System, with Rules and 
Forms in Massachusetts." In 1850 he was a mem- 
ber of the executive council when Emory \Vashburn 
was governor. He was foremost among the citizens 
who planned and advanced the " Back Bay Improve- 
ment," and the act of 1859, providing for the work 
and for the establishment of the Public (Jarden, was 
drawn by him. In i860 he was presidential elector 
at the first election of Lincoln as president. He was 
one of the oldest members of the Massachusetts His- 
torical Society, standing, at the. time of his death, 
third on the list of active members — Robert C. 



Winthrop and George E. Ellis preceding him. For 
several years he was treasurer of the society. He 
prepared the memoir of Governor Andrew which 
appears in the society's " Proceedings," and, subse- 
quently enlarged, was published in a separate vol- 
ume. Another work from his pen was a striking 
essay on the " Authenticity of the Gospels," which 
has passed through several editions. He was a con- 
stant friend and benefactor of Bowdoin college, and 
for nearly twenty years he was a member of its board 
of trustees. He received the honorary degree of 
LL.D. from his Alma Mater. As a counsellor Mr. 
Chandler was eminent for chamber advice, and 
before the calamity of deafness fell upon him, in 
middle life, he was one of the foremost of jury law- 
yers. Of his public service Judge E. Rockwood 
Hoar bore this testimony at the meeting of the Suf- 
folk bar, in June, 1889, in his memory: " He was 
thoroughly a public-spirited man, and a public man 
from the time when he began life in this community ; 
and his influence never ceased until the fifty- two 
years during which he was a member of the bar 
were terminated by his death. In every public posi- 
tion that he filled he learned all about those duties 
which appertained to that position, and understood 
them thoroughly thenceforth and forever. When he 
was chosen a member of the Legislature, and became 
a member of the governor's council, he learned the 
whole system and plan of the government of the 
Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and from that time 
until the day of his death nobody ever gave more 
counsel, nobody's counsel was more sought, and no- 
body gave safer or wiser counsel to those who ad- 
ministered the affairs of the State than he." In 
religious belief Mr. Chandler was a Swedenborgian. 
Mr. Chandler was married in 1837, in Brunswick, 
Me., to Martha Ann Bush, daughter of the late Prof. 
Parker Cleveland, of Bowdoin. They had one 
daughter and two sons : Ellen Maria, Horace Parker, 
and Parker Cleveland Chandler. Mrs. Chandler 
died at their summer homestead in Brunswick, in 
November, 18S1. 

Chandler, Thomas Henderson, was born in 
Boston July 4, 1827. After passing through the 
grammar and Latin schools, he entered Harvard 
College, and graduated in the class of 184S. He 
then entered the law school, from which, in 1851, 
he received the degree of LL.D. The following 
three years he was a teacher in the Latin School, 
and for three years more he taught a private school. 
In 1857 he began the study of dentistry with Dr. 
Isaac J. Wetherbee, and after two years' experience 
as a student he became associated with him in 



^?r:„,.. a^^^x^ 



sons. He was admitted to the bu in 1837, r ,<, and George E. Ellis preceding him. Foi 

: ,i;,'i,-,i !■; -v.-ii ' t;,K;.iii r,.-f,ji\ ... ■', vp;irs he was treasurer of the society. It'. 

iiomoir of Governor Andrew wh'u i' 

society's "Proceedings," and, siili-r 

<(,iiris. ml uii- published in a separate vi>' 

uith this paper '"i<"ii his pen was a suiV";^ 

rial riiiiimrii : '-V nf the Gospels." wWf'" 

1 ll.e "Law itions. He was n c\ n 

u.-^hed in the Bowdoin college, m.l 



.' S3 fell upon hir.i. 111 

foremost of jury i.uv 

extant 01 the yers. Uf his pubiic service Judge R. Rockwood 

>n mas^inrre Hoar bore this testimony at the meeting of the Suf- 

■ ' ' ■ ' !:; memory: " Uc \v;v 

li m, and a publi'- uj.ii', 

'• ''ii ihiscomiii -■'''.' i : 



■ '[ LU'j i.j'Acr i.. - ^^ Ik-''' 'le 

jiart in the lejri - and became 

irnrrii.ni .,tn , ne learned the 

uf the government of th'. 
-^achusetts, and from thai time 
M( 11 .ii'::i_ I'.r P-: 'Kiiii Mie '^,^^•o: r.ih i.leath nobody ever gave more 
In this important counsel, nobody's counsel was more sought, and no- 
ne iflii- ' nlogists, body c;.<ve safer or wiser counsel to those who a'^ 
and ministered the affairs of the ^State tha'n he." Ii: 
' ared religious belief Nfr. Chandler was a Swedenbitr.i . 
■-■r-- \i. ( i,., ,..!!,,- was. married in 1837, in Brun-"' ■ 
Ann Bush, daughter of the late l''>< 
""d, of Bowdoin. They ha'! .1. 
Ellen Maria, Horace 1':; . 1 
I I Chandler. Mr.s. Chan..'. 
' homestead m Rruni'i'' ■'. 



.After passing throui.! 

hools. he 'entered Ha: 

lie class of 184N. 

', from which, in 

LL.D. The f>-n 

in the Latin ^ 

inght a private - 

of dentistry will 

wo years' ex pi' 

- )ciated ' with hi 




^,. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



77 



practice. In this relation he continued for three 
years, and then established an office for himself. 
Dr. Chandler is the dean of the dental depart- 
ment of Harvard ITniversity, and has occupied the 
chair of professor of mechanical dentistry since 
1854. He has held various positions in many of 
the leading dental organizations, and has been 
president of the Massachusetts Dental Society, the 
New England Dental Society, and the American 
.\cademy of Dental Science. He has also been 
a member of the Boston school committee, and 
has held other responsible positions. 

Chapin, Charlks Taft, son of Charles Kdvvin 
and Fannie \\'ood I''isk (daughter of Benjamin and 
Mary Fisk, of Millbury, Mass.), was born in Dor- 
chester Nov. I, 1855. He attended Chauncy Hall 
School until seventeen years of age, afterwards tak- 
ing a course in Comer's Business College. In 
September, 1874, he began as clerk with Chapin 
iV' Co., coal and wood dealers, successors to Pres- 
cott iV Chapin, growing up in the business from 
that position to part owner. On May i, 1889, he 
entered into partnership with Benjamin D. Wood, 
under the firm name of Chapin, Wood, &: Co. 
Their place of business, Liverpool wharf, No. 512 
.Atlantic avenue, is noted as the site of the famous 
Boston Tea Party, Dec. 16, 1773. Since 1838 it 
has been the place of business of Mr. Chapin's 
grandfather, father, and himself, under firm names 
of Prescott &: Chapin (1829-74), and Chapin & 
Co. (1874-89), Chapin, Wood, & Co. since May, 
1889. Politically Mr. Chapin is a Republican. 
He is an attendant of the Rev. Dr. .Arthur Little's 
church. Congregational (old Second Parish Church). 
He is a member of the Royal Arcanum and the 
Royal Society of (lood Fellows. He was married 
Feb. 15, 1882, to .Annie M., daughter of Col. Isaac, 
jr., and Sarah Wood, of Newburgh, N.V. They 
have four children, two boys and two girls : Arthur 
^y., (ierard, Ada L., and Marjorie Chapin. Mr- 
Chapin resides in Ashmont. 

Chapin, Nahum, son of Harvey and Mattie 
(Rossa) Chai)in, was born in Jamaica, Vt., July 
16, 1820. His parents removed to Waltham in 
1824, and here his education was obtained in the 
local schools and Smith's Academy, where he spent 
four years. After graduating from the academy he 
became an apprenticed machinist in the works of 
the Boston Manufacturing Company, in Waltham, 
and four years later was made overseer there. .After 
three years in this position he removed to Charles- 
town, where he established a provision and produce 



business, which was successfully pursued for twenty 
years. Then, in i860, under the firm name of 
Richardson & Chapin, he engaged in the distilling 
business; and in 1877 the present firm of Chapin, 
'I'rull, & Co. was established : its works are now in 
the Charlestown district, and head<iuarters in the 
city proper. Mr. Chapin has long been prominent 
in local affairs. He served in the Charlestown 
common council from 1856 to i860, and in the 
board of aldermen in 1861 and 1872; he was on 
the board of assessors in Charlestown and Boston 
from 1867 to 1879, and was one of the commission- 
ers to carry into effect the act providing for the 
annexation of Charlestown to Boston; he was a 
member of the lower house of the Legislature in 
1877-8; and he has been for twenty-three con- 
secutive years in active service upon the school 
boards of Charlestown and Boston, a leading and 
influential member. He was for many years a 
director in the Middlesex Horse Railway Company, 
and he is now a director in the Bunker Hill National 
Bank and a trustee of the Warren Institution for 
Savings. He is connected with the Masonic and 
Odd Fellows orders. He is an active member of 
the Old City Guard of Charlestown. Mr. Chapin 
was married in 1841, in Waltham, to Miss Lucy 
Farwell. Of their four children, two, (George Francis 
and Lucy F. F. Chapin, are living, and both are now 
married ; of the other two, John Henry and Nahum 
Harvey Chapin, the latter died at thirty-nine years 
of age. 

Chap.man, John H., architect, is a native of New 
York. He graduated from Yale College, and studied 
his profession with Messrs. Ware & Van Brunt, also 
in the Sheffield Scientific School, and in the Royal 
.Academy at Stuttgart. Mr. Chapman early began 
to make a specialty of artistic country houses, and 
followed the principle that each side or view of the 
structure should be equally beautiful and picturesque. 
.As a result his work is famous for artistic outline, 
which is accomplished without any sacrifice of in- 
terior comfort or convenience. He is the architect 
of Congressman Sherman Hoar's handsome residence 
at Waltham, of that of Rev. Mr. Hutchins at 
Concord, the new Episcopal church and high-school 
buildings in the same place, the armory in Nashua, 
N.H., besides numbers of private residences in this 
and other States. Mr. Chapman was married to 
Miss Barrett, of Concord, a daughter of Jonathan 
Fay Barrett. 

Chase, .Andrkw J., was born in Sebec, Me. His 
education was obtained in the local schools, and he 



178 



BOSTON OF TO-DAV. 



began his business career in a wholesale grocery store 
in Portland, Me. He early became interested in 
the insurance business, and in 1868 was made agent 
of the Travellers' of Hartford, Conn., with his 
headquarters in Portland. With this company he 
remained for twenty years. Then he resigned and 
entered the real-estate business. Subsetiuently, in 
April, 1 89 1, he became manager of the United States 
Life Insurance Company, in which position he has 
since continued. He is a prominent member of 
the Masonic and Odd Fellows orders. In 1865 
he was married to Hattie W. Lowney, of Bangor, 
Me. ; they have five children : H. Louise, Bertha 
M., Walter D., Clarence A., and Arthur W. Chase. 

Cha.se, C.\leb, son of Job and Phoebe (Winslow) 
Chase, was born in Harwich, Mass., Dec. it, 1831. 
His father in early life was a ship-owner and sea- 
faring man. Afterwards he kept a general store at 
Harwich until about twenty years previous to his 
death. He was largely interested in public affairs, 
was one of the original stockholders in the old 
Yarmouth Bank, and among the foremost in public 
enterprises of his day. He died at the age of 
eighty-nine. Caleb Chase worked in the store at 
Harwich until he was twenty-three years of age. He 
then came to Boston and entered the employ of 
Anderson, Sargent, & Co., a leading wholesale dry- 
goods house. He travelled in its interests on the 
Cape and in the West until September, 1859, «'hen 
he joined with the wholesale grocery house of Cloflin, 
Saville, & Co. Here he remained until Jan. i, 
1864, soon after which the firm of Carr, Chase, & 
Raymond was formed. In 1871 the firm of Chase, 
Raymond, & Ayer was organized, which existed until 
1878, when the present house of Chase & Sanborn 
began business, importing teas and coffees exclu- 
sively. Mr. Chase is now the head of this firm, 
which ranks as the largest importing and distributing 
tea and coffee house in the United States. The 
firm have branch houses in Montreal and Chicago. 
Mr. Chase's business career has been an uninter- 
rupted success. He has often been solicited to enter 
the field for public office, but has always declined, 
preferring to use his energies in his business life. He 
married Salome Boyles. They have no children. 

Ch.4Se, Horace, M.D., son of the hte Stephen 
Chase, of Haverhill, Mass., was born in Plaistow, 
N.H., Dec. 31, 1 83 1. He was educated in the 
local schools, graduating from the High School in 
Haverhill, Mass. After studying medicine for two 
years in Richmond, Va., he went abroad and con- 
tinued his studies in universities in Wiirtzburg, 



Prague, Vienna, and Berlin, where he received the 
degree of M.D. in February, 1865. During his 

studies ;i!iroad, which covered a period of seven 




HORACE CHASE. 

years, he made heart disease a specialty. Immedi- 
ately after his return, in 1866, he became a member 
of the Massachusetts Medical Society, and afterwards 
held the following positions : United States pension 
surgeon, surgeon for United States witnesses and 
prisoners confined in Charles-street jail, and sur- 
geon of First Battalion of Massachusetts Militia. He 
has also been employed as expert in analysis of 
blood in many noted murder-trials. Dr. Chase was 
first married upon his return from Europe to Miss 
Jeannette H., daughter of Joseph A. Lloyd, of Lynn, 
Mass., by whom he had one son, DeForest VV., who 
is now associated with him in his practice. His first 
wife died in 1874, and in 1889 he married for his 
second wife Miss Jeannie P., daughter of the late 
Eben B. Phillips, of Swampscott, Mass. 

Chenerv, Elisha, M.D., was born in l.ivermore. 
Me., .\ug. 23, 1829. His ancestors and those of his 
wife were Puritans, the four families coming to this 
country and settling in Watertown and Roxbury 
about ten years after the landing of the Pilgrims. 
1 .ambert Chenery brought two sons, John and Moses, 
and went from ^^■aterto^vn to Dedham as one of the 
first proprietors, where Moses, marrying a Dorches- 
ter woman, remained, becoming the father of Dr. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY, 



179 



Moses Chenery. John married widow Boylston, the 
mother of Dr. Thomas Boylston, first chinirgeon of 
Hrookhne, through whom she became the grand- 
mother of Dr. Zabdiel Boylston, famous for intro- 
ducing inoculation for small-pox in Boston the same 
year that Lady Wortley Montagu brought the art 
into England. This was seventy years prior to the 
discovery of vaccination by Jenner. After their 
marriage John went to live on his wife's " homestall," 
which Boylston had purchased of the first proprie- 
tor and which has been occupied by the Chenerys 
ever since ; it is just on the edge of the present 
town of Belmont. .After the birth of one son, John 
was killed in a fight with the Indians at Northfield 
in King Philip's war. Dr. Chenery's great-grand- 
father was at Lexington and Bunker Hill. His 
grandfather saw the smoke and heard the roar of the 
battle, and being too young to enlist, he served his 
country by providing water and fuel for the women, 
then gathered for protection into a stockade on the 
Charles River. About the year 1795 he moved to 
Maine. The mother of Dr. Chenery was a Phil- 
brick, of the line of Judge Joseph Philbrick, late of 
W'eare, N.H., and the late John D. Philbrick, twenty 




ELISHA CHENERY. 



years superintendent of the Boston public schools. 
Several of this family bore part in the Revolutionary 
struggle. One leaving Harvard College joined the 
Ticonderoga campaign. Others were in the \\ar of 
181 2. Mrs. Chenery's father was a veteran of the 



War of 181 2. Jonathan Parker, of Roxbury, her 
great-grandfather on her mother's side, was the man 
who got away with two of General Braddock's can- 
nons stored in the gun-house in Boston, while a 
neighbor followed his example with two more. 
These cannons were carried off in loads of manure 
and successfully secreted in Muddy-pond woods, 
near Dedham. They were brought into service by 
the Americans, and two of them were recaptured at 
the Bunker Hill fight, and the other two may be 
seen to-day in the Bunker Hill monument. Dr. 
Chenery's early life was passed on the farm. His 
schooling was at the town and high schools and 
several years at the seminary at Kent's Hill. He 
abandoned the set college course to give more time 
to the study of medicine and its collaterals. He 
entered the office of the late Dr. A. P. Childs, of 
Maine, took his first course of lectures at Bowdoin, 
and was six months in the Marine Hospital, Chelsea. 
Then, entering with the late Dr. E. B. Moore, of 
Boston, he practised with him, attended the second 
course of lectures at Harvard, his third at Bowdoin, 
and his fourth at Harvard, where he graduated March 
2, 1853, being the first Chenery in his family line to 
become a physician ; now his nephew, Fred. !>., and 
his son, William K., have followed his example. Buy- 
ing out a doctor in Maine, he entered at once upon 
a large and responsible practice. In 1862 he passed 
for a surgeon in the army and started for the front, 
but being overtaken by an attack of diphtheria was 
compelled to resign and was left in feeble health un- 
til after the war was over. Having spent thirteen 
years in his native State, he returned to Massachu- 
setts, residing three years in Cambridge and since 
1S70 in Boston. He has been a member of the 
Maine Medical Association, joining the second year 
of its organization, and of the Middlesex South Dis- 
trict Medical Society. He is now a fellow of the 
Massachusetts Medical Society, member of the 
Suffolk District Medical Society, and a member of 
the .American Medical Association. From 1876 to 
1 8S0 he was professor of pathology and therapeu- 
tics at the Boston Dental College, and dean of the 
faculty. From 1881 to 1885 he was professor of 
principle and practice of medicine, and instructor 
on the diseases of women and children, in the Col- 
lege of Physicians and Surgeons of Boston. Dr. 
Chenery wrote a prize essay on " Food and Cooking," 
and has contributed many articles to the religious, 
secular, and medical press. Among the latter may 
be mentioned " Double Conception " ( " Boston Med- 
ical and Surgical Journal," 1871) ; "Chloral and 
Morphine" (the same, 1874); "Diphtheria Suc- 
cessfully Treated " (the same, 1876) ; " Some Points 



[So 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



in the Treatment of Typhoid Fever," and " Signs 
which should lead us to suspect Disease in Infants, 
and what that Disease is" ("Medical Register," 
1887) ; a series of articles on " Studies on Alcohol " 
("Times and Register," 1888-9). He is the au- 
thor of " .Mcohol Inside Out, Facts for the Mil- 
lions," 1889, and "Does Science justify the Use of 
Alcohol in Therapeutics? If so. Where? When?" 
("Journal of the American Medical Association," 
Nov. 28, 1891 ). 

Cheney, John K., was born in Lowell I'eb. 12, 
1847. He received his early instruction in the pub- 
lic schools of that city, and then took a year's course 
in the Lawrence Scientific School, Harvard LJ^niver- 
sity. Then he was employed in the engineering 
department of the Charlestown Navy Yard, where 
he remained for one and one-half years. At the 
end of this period he was for two years engaged in 
his profession in several places, and in 1870 went to 
Louisville, Ky., where he was employed by the Louis- 
ville Bridge and Iron Company. After three and 
one-half years spent in Louisville he returned to 
Boston, and in February, 1874, entered the office 
of the city engineer, where he is still engaged. 



Y'ale College in 1824, for eighteen years practised 
law in Worcester county, and was elected six times 
to the State senate on the Whig ticket. In 1845 
he removed to Lowell, and in 1862 thence to 
Boston, where he continued in successful practice 
until his death, Aug. 26, 1870. Linus M. Child 
graduated from Yale College in 1855, and studied 
law under his father. Admitted to the bar in 1859, 
he at once began active practice, rising steadily, 
until to-day he occupies a position in the front 
rank of his profession. He is a Republican in 
politics, and has represented his ward in the com- 
mon council for two years, and in the State Legis- 
lature during the sessions of 1868 and 1869. He 
was counsel for the Middlesex Horse Railroad Com- 
pany until it was merged in the West End — a position 
he held for over twenty years. He was also counsel 
for the city of Boston in the numerous damage 
cases growing out of taking of Sudbury River by the 
water board. He is an active member of the Old 
South Church. Mr. Child has been twice married, 
first, to Miss Helen A. Barnes, deceased, and has 
three children, Helen L., Catherine B., and Myra 
L. Child. His present wife was Mrs. .\da M. 
Wilson, of Chelsea. 



Child, Linus iM., was born in Southbridge, Mass.. 




us M. CHILD. 



March 14, i 
Child, a nati 



835. He is a son of the Hon. Linus 
ve of Connecticut, who graduated from 



Church, Adaline Barnard, M.D., was born in 
Chelsea, Mass., Sept. 19, 1846. She attended 
Boston schools, and later received private instruc- 
tion in literature, French, and (Jerman. She gradu- 
ated from the Boston LTniversity School of Medicine 
in 1879, and was subsequently connected with the 
college as assistant demonstrator of anatomy. She 
went abroad soon after for special work, diseases of 
women, and studied about a year and a half. On 
lier return she was appointed assistant in gyne- 
cology in the Boston University Medical School. 
She has made several subsequent visits to the Old 
World for special work, studying in London, Paris, 
Berlin, Zurich, and Vienna. She is now (1892) 
])rofessor of gynaecology in the medical school, 
which position she has held five years. Dr. Church 
is connected with the Boston Homoeopathic Dis- 
pensary ; is physician to the School of Liberal Arts ; 
is a member of the Boston Homceopathic Medica 
Society, of which she has been vice-president ; the 
Massachusetts Homceopathic Medical Society ,: the 
American Institute of Homoeopathy ; the Society 
for the University Education of Women (a direc- 
tor) ; and the Alumni of the Boston University 
School of Medicine (for some time its vice-presi- 
dent). She is now practising in Boston and Win- 
chester. She was married in 1S66, to Dr. B. T. 
Church, of Winchester. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Churchill, Gardner Asaph, son of Asaph and 
Mary Buckminster (Brewer) Churchill, was born in 
Dorchester, Mass., May 26, 1839. He was edu- 
cated in the Dorchester public schools. In early 
youth he followed the sea, part of the time in the 
East India trade. He was in the United States 




GARDNER A. CHURCH 



Navy during the Civil War, acting ensign from 1862 
to 1865, navigating officer of United States ship 
•' Release," ITnited States steamer " Memphis," 
South Atlantic squadron, and United States gunboat 
" Shawmut," North Atlantic squadron. He was one 
of the founders of the Rockwell & Churchill press, 
established in 1866 by Messrs. Horace T. Rockwell, 
.A. P. Rollins, and himself, under the firm name of 
Rockwell & Rollins. Upon the death of Mr. Rol- 
lins in 1S69, the firm name became Rockwell & 
Churchill, and has so continued to the present time. 
The printing-house was first established at No. 122 
Washington street, at the corner of Water. After 
the great fire of 1872 removal was made to the 
-Amory Building, No. 39 Arch street, and now this 
building is occupied, and also the Sears Building, 
No. 41 Arch street, corner of Hawley place. Mr. 
Churchill has served two terms in the lower house 
of the Legislature (1875-6), the first year rep- 
resenting the Dorchester and Hyde Park district, 
and the second, Dorchester, Ward 16, of Boston. 
He was the author of the resolve passed by the 
Legislature of 1875 providing for the publication of 



the records of officers, sailors, and marines who 
served during the War of the Rebellion and were 
credited to Massachusetts ; such record having been 
entirely omitted from " The Record of Massachu- 
setts \'olunteers" published by the State in 1868. 
During the years 1877, 1878, and 1879 he was a 
trustee of Danvers Hospital. He is a member of the 
Massachusetts Commandery Military Order of the 
Loyal Legion ; of the G.A.R., commander of Post 68, 
Kbenezer Stone, of Dorchester, in 1872, and jmiior 
vice-commander. Department of Massachusetts, in 
1873; of LInion Lodge Free and Accepted Mason, 
of Dorchester ; and of the Boston Commandery of 
Knights Templar. He is prominent in printers' or- 
ganizations, being a member of the Master Printers' 
Club and an honorary member of the Franklin 
Typographical Society of Boston ; and is a member 
also of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic 
Association, the New England Historic Clenealogical 
Society, and the Boston Athletic Association. Mr. 
Churchill was married April 16, 1862, in \\'ren- 
tham, Mass., to Miss Ellen Brastow Barrett, of 
that town ; they have three children : Mary Brewer, 
.\saph, and Ellen Barrett Churchill. Their home 
is in the Dorchester district. 

Cl.app, Charles Martin', son of Martin G. and 
Mary .\nn (Crillett) Clapp, was born in Watertown, 
N.V., July 5, 1834. He is a descendant of Edward 
Clapp, who came from Devonshire, Eng., and 
landed at Dorchester in 1633. He was educated 
in the common schools and at Monson Academy. 
He began business life in a country store at South 
Deerfield in 1854. Not long after he came to 
Boston, and here, in i860, became a rubber mer- 
chant. His firm since 1872 has been C. M. 
Clapp (S: Co., and it owns and operates the " .-Etna 
Rubber Mills," of which Mr. Clapp is president and 
treasurer. Mr. Clapp is also interested in other 
rubber companies, and he is a director of the .'^tlas 
National Bank, the Boston Lead Manufacturing 
Company, and the E. Howard Watch and Clock 
Company, and trustee of the Home Savings Bank. 
He is a member of the Commercial Club, and its 
treasurer ; has for many years been a member of 
the standing committee of the Church of the Unity ; 
and is a trustee of Forest Hills Cemetery. In 
1865 he was appointed United States government 
inspector of rubber blankets in the quartermaster's 
department, with headquarters at Cincinnati, O., 
and served until contracts for blankets were com- 
pleted. Mr. Clapp was married Aug. 25, 1 85 7, to 
Miss Georgiania Derby ; they have two children : 
G. L. and H. K. Clapp. 



BOSTON OF TO-nAY. 



Cl.\pp, Dwir.HT M., D.M.D., was born in South- 
ampton, Mass., June 5, 1846. He was educated 
in the local schools and in Westfield Academy. 
When a young man he went to London, Eng., 
and associated himself with Dr. Charles R. Coffin, 
a prominent dentist there ; and in 1869-70 he was 
with Dr. H. W. Mason in Geneva, Switzerland. He 
received his degree of D.M.D. from the Harvard 
Dental School in 1882, and the same year was 
appointed instructor of operative dentistry in that 
institution. That position he held until 1883, when 
he resigned ; in 1890 he was appointed clinical lect- 
urer. Dr. Clapp is a member of various dental socie- 
ties, and is an ex-president of the Massachusetts 
Dental Society. He was married in May, 1872, to 
Miss Clara J., daughter of Henry Simomls. of l.ynn. 

CL.APP, Hi-RiiKRi- CoiiMAN, M.D., son of John 
Codman and Lucy .\. Clapp, was born in Boston 
Jan. 31, 1S46. He was fitted for college in the 
Roxbury Latin School, from which he graduated 
in 1863. Four years later he graduated from Har- 
vard College, and in 1870 from the Harvard Medi- 
cal School. Having had his attention called to the 
subject of homoeopathy, he began to investigate it 
theoretically and practically under the instruction 
of the late Dr. Samuel Cregg, who has been hon- 
ored as the pioneer and father of homoeopathy in 
New England. .Adopting it as his method, he 
became associated with Dr. (Iregg in practice, 
which continued until the latter's death. I'hen 
he removed to the South End, where he now re- 
sides. Dr. Clapp is professor of diseases of the 
chest in the Boston University School of Medicine, 
physician to the heart and lung department of the 
college branch of the Homoeopathic Medical Dispen- 
sary, of which he is one of the trustees. |ili\sl( ian to 
the Massachusetts Homoeopathic I ln-,|,ii.il. ni.l treas- 
urer of the Massachusetts Humn-upjthii Medical 
Society. He was formerly secretary and afterwards 
president of the Boston Homoeopathic Medical 
Society. He has written a book on ".Ausculta- 
tion and Percussion," for students and physicians, 
which was published by Houghton, Mifflin, lS: Co., 
and of which already nine editions have been 
issued ; another entitled " Is Consumption Con- 
tagious? " published by Otis Clapp & Son ; treatises 
on " Pulmonary Phthisis," " Physical Diagnosis," and 
"Tuberculosis," in .Arndt's " System of Medicine," 
published by F. E. Boericke, of Philadelphia ; and 
numerous articles in magazine literature. He was 
for three years the editor of the " New England 
Medical Gazette." Dr. Clapp pays special atten- 
tion to diseases of the lungs and heart. 



Cl.\pp, James Wilkinson, M.D., son of Otis Clapp, 
the founder of the house of Otis Clapp & Son, was 
born in Boston Sept. 22, 1847. He was educated in 
the Boston public schools, Chauncy Hall School, and 
the Boston University School of Medicine, from which 
he graduated in 1877. He has been lecturer on 
pharmacy in the Boston University Medical School 
for eight years, and still holds that position ; one of 
the trustees and also treasurer of the Homoeopathic 
Medical Dispensary since Jan. i, 1881 ; and is asso- 
ciate editor of the " Homoeopathic Pharmacopoeia," 
now being issued by the .American Institute of Homoe- 
opathy. He is a member of the Massachusetts 
Homa5opathic Medical Society, the Boston Homoe- 
opathic Medical Society, and the American Institute 
of Homoeopathy. He has contributed to medical 
journals papers pertaining to pharmacy. Dr. 
Clapp was married Oct. 20, 1868, to Eliza T., 
daughter of the late John Tuckerman. of i'.oston. 

Clark, .Augustcs N., son of Ninian and .Sally 
(Warner) Clark, was born in Hancock, N.H., 
March 23, 181 1. He was educated in the district 
school of his native town, and at seventeen was at 
work in the dry-goods and apothecary store of 
William Endicott, jr., in Beverly. In that town 
he has ever since lived. He remained in Mr. Endi- 
cott's store until he became of age, and then he 
branched out for himself in the same business. In 
1858 he became interested in the manufacture of 
machine leather-belting in Boston, and subsequently 
in other enterprises ; and after a prosperous career 
of twenty-five years he practically retired from busi- 
ness life. He is still, however, a trustee of the 
Beverly Savings Bank and a director in se\eral 
corporations. He represented his town in the lower 
house of the Legislature in 1861, and in 1880 was a 
presidential elector. In politics originally a Whig, 
he became a Republican upon the organization of 
that party, and he has been ever since an active 
member of it. Mr. Clark was married in Beverly 
.Aug. 23, 1838, to Miss Hitty Smith. She died in 
May, 1888, and of their four children only one is 
now living — Sarah AVarner Clark. 

Clark, Charles E., was born at .\uburn, Me., 
July 8, 1850. He received his early education in 
the Lewiston Falls Academy, and afterward removed 
to Portland, where he attended the high school, 
graduating in 1867. He graduated from Bowdoin 
College in 1871, and the same year entered the 
Harvard Medical School, taking his degree of M.D. 
in 1877. He then practised his profession until 
1SS3. In 1 885 and 1886 served as ferry com- 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



i'^^ 



missioner of Boston. In 1 889 he was appointed by 
Mayor Hart a registrar of voters for a term of three 
years. 

Clark, C. Evereit, was born in Townsend, Mass. 
He has been a building contractor for over twenty- 
one years, beginning business in x\thol in 1870. In 
1872 he removed to Worcester, where he remained 
for one year, coming to Boston in 1873. His work, 
however, is not confined to Boston, but extends all 
over the country. He built the Newport houses of 
William K. and Cornelius Vanderbilt, Miss Catherine 
L. Wolfe, Mr. Ogden Goelet, and the Lorillards ; of 
Charles Lanier at Lenox; the residence of F. F. 
Thompson at Canandaigua, N.Y. ; the Opera House 
and the Union Club House, Chicago ; large oflfice- 
buildings and residences in Kansas City ; the Cupples 
large warehouses and Church of the Messiah in St. 
Louis; and many elegant houses in the Boston 15ack 
Bay district. In 1891 he built the Security Building, 
an S8oo,ooo ofifice-building, and two additional ware- 
houses for the Cupples Real Estate Company in St. 
Louis; a large building for the Michigan Trust Co. 
in (Irand Rapids, Mich. ; the largest private resi- 
dence in the Northwest for Mr. J. L Hill at St Paul. 
Minn. ; and a large stone seaside- mansion at Nev\ 
port, R.I., for Joseph R. Busk, of New York He 
is one of the trustees of the Master Builders' Associa- 
tion, and a director in the Smith-Carleton Iron Com 
pany. He has several superintendents who ha\e 
been in his employ for nearly twenty years, and who 
personally superintend his buildings. His office is 
in the Master Builders' Association Building, \o 
166 Devonshire street, and he controls his vast busi 
ness by correspondence with his superintendents 
and by making regular trips \\'est once a month. 

Clark, Chester Ward, son of Amasa Ford and 
Belinda (Ward) Clark, was born in Glover, Vt., 
Aug. 9, 1851. He was educated in the academy 
of his native town, and at Phillips (Exeter) Acad- 
emy. In 1S74 he began the study of law in Boston, 
in the office of B, C. Moulton, and was admitted to 
the bar March 12, 1878. He immediately began 
practice, opening an office on Court street, from 
which he removed in 1882 to the Equitable Building. 
He has established a lucrative practice, principally 
in commercial and probate law. His residence is at 
Wilmington, where he is prominent in local affairs, 
and active in originating and promoting public im- 
provements. To his efforts are largely due the 
gready improved school facilities there. He has 
served as chairman of several local organizations. 
He is a member of the Congregational Club of 



Boston, and clerk of the local church. Mr. Clark 
is unmarried. 

Clark, Edward W., was born in Augusta, Me., 
Aug. 16, 1850. He was for some years foreman 
for his father, William M. Clark, for a long period 
a heavy builder of Boston. Afterwards he became 
foreman for Otis Wentworth, which position he 
occupied until 1875, when, in partnership with Capt. 
Walter S. Sampson, the present building-firm of 
Sampson, Clark, & Co. was established. They have 




EDWARD W CLARK 

taken and successfully completed some of the heaviest 
contracts known, contracting for every branch of the 
work of construction and finishing. The new Court 
House is their latest large success ; but others of their 
buildings, among them the State Building at Rutland, 
^'t., the County Building in Keene, N.H., the O'Brien 
<;rammar School and Hyde High School in the Rox- 
bury district, the Continental Sugar Refinery, the 
People's Church, the largest and finest horse-railroad 
stables in the country, at South Boston, the Plymouth 
Woollen Mills, and many blocks of stores in Boston, 
are notable. The private residences, particularly 
large and substantial mansions in the Back Bay dis- 
trict, which they have constructed, can be counted 
by the hundred. Mr. Clark is a member of the 
Master Builders' Association and of the Mechanics' 
Exchange of Boston. He was married in Boston 
in 1876. 



.84 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 




Clarke, Augustus P., M.D., son of Seth Darling Cambridge, where he has since practised his pro- 
and Fanny (Peck) Clarke, was born in Pawtucket, fession. He is a member of the Massachusetts 
R. I., Sept. 24, 1833. H^ ^^^^ fitted for college in Medical Society, and has been one of its councillors ; 

is vice-president of the Boston Clynaecological 
Society ; member of the American Academy of 
Medicine ; of the American Association of Obstetri- 
cians and ( lynKcologists ; the American Medical 
Association ; the Cambridge Medical Society, of 
which he was one of the originators, and for several 
years its secretary ; and the Public Health Associa- 
tion. He is also a member of the Cambridge Club 
and Art Circle, the Boston Baptist Social Union, 
and one of the standing committee of the First 
Baptist Church of Cambridge. He belongs to a 
number of charitable and fraternal societies, and is 
a prominent member of the G..\.R. and the Mili- 
tary Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States. 
After two terms in the Cambridge common council 
(1872 and 1 8 73) and one in the board of alder- 
men (1874), he declined further to serve in public 
positions. Dr. Clarke was married in Bristol, R.I., 
Oct. 23, 1861, to Miss Mary H., daughter of Gideon 
tJray; they have two daughters; Inez Louise and 
Genevieve Clarke. 



AUGUSTUS P. CLARKE. 

the University Grammar School of Providence, R.L, 
and entering Brown graduated in the class of 1860. 
Then he studied in the Harvard Medical School and 
received the degree of M.D. On the first day of 
August, 1 86 1, he entered the United States service 
as assistant surgeon of the Sixth Regiment New 
York Cavalry, and was on duty in this capacity with 
the Army of the Potomac until May, J 863, when 
he was promoted to the rank of surgeon of that 
regiment. In November following he was assigned 
to duty as surgeon-in-chief of the Second Brig- 
ade, First Division of Sheridan's Cavalry, and in 
February, 1865, was appointed surgeon-in- chief of 
the First Cavalry Division, Sheridan's Corps, of the 
Army of the Potomac, which position he held until 
the close of the war. Mustered out October, 1865, 
he was appointed " brevet lieutenant-colonel. New 
York State Volunteers, for faithful and meritorious 
conduct during his terra of service." He was 
present and on duty in eighty-two battles and en- 
gagements. During the seven days' batde of the 
Peninsular Campaign in 1862 he was taken prisoner, — 
at the battle of Savage Station, June 29, — and after- 
wards sent to Richmond, was held there until August 
I, when he was exchanged. Immediately after his 
military service Dr. Clarke established himself in 



Clarke, ^H().^L^s W., son of Calvin \\ . and Ann 
K. (Townsend) Clarke, was born in Boston Dec. 
I, T834. His father was a native of Roxbury, and 
a well-known merchant of this city ; he was a mem- 
ber of the common council a number of terms, an 
alderman one term, and was twice elected to the 
State Legislature on the Whig ticket ; he was treas- 
urer of the American Unitarian .•\ssociation a num- 
ber of years, and for a long period was a director 
of the Traders' Bank, the Manufacturers' Insurance 
Company, and the New England Glass Company ; 
he died in 1879, at the age of eighty-three. Mr. 
Clarke's mother was a native of Boston, and daugh- 
ter of the late Dr. David Townsend, who was a 
pupil of Dr. AVarren, and one of the surgeons at 
Bunker Hill, General Ciates' chief surgeon at Sara- 
toga, and director-general of hospitals during the 
Revolution, and surgeon of the United States 
Marine Hospital, inspector of pot and pearl ashes 
for the State of Massachusetts, and president of the 
Society of Cincinnati later. Thomas W. Clarke was 
educated in Chauncy Hall School and by private 
tutors, and graduated from Harvard in 1855. He 
studied law with H. M. & H. G. Parker, and at the 
Harvard Law School. He was admitted to the 
Suffolk bar in 1857, and conducted a general prac- 
tice until 1 86 1. He was commissioner of insol- 
vency in 1859-60-61. In 1861 he went into the 
war as captain of the W'ightman Rifles, which was 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



i8s 



first attached to the Fourth Reguiient Massachusetts 
Vohniteers, and afterwards organized at Fort Mon- 
roe, with other three- years companies which had 
gone into service independently, into the Massachu- 
setts Battalion, which itself became, in December, 
1 86 1, the Twenty-ninth Massachusetts. He was 
mustered out in 1865 as captain, with Massachusetts 
appointment of colonel, to which the size of the 
regiment did not permit muster. He was quarter- 
master at Alexandria, Va., 1862-3 • commissary 
in East 'I'ennessee, January, 1864; judge-advocate 
in Alexandria, Va., 1 863, and near Petersburg, Va., 
1S65 ; and adjutant-general in the Second and Third 
Brigades, First Division Ninth Army Corps, in 1864-5. 
He was at Big Bethel, June 10, 1S61 ; in the Irish 
Brigade during the siege of Richmond, 1862 ; was in 
the X'icksburg and Jackson campaign in 1863 ; in East 
Tennessee, 1863-4; in the Wilderness and Peters- 
burg campaigns from the last of May, 1864, until 
after the foil of Petersburg ; and led the third line 
at the Crater, July 30, 1864, taking in the Two Hun- 
dred and P^ighth Pennsylvania in the fight at Fort 
Stedman, March 25, 1865. After the war Mr. 
Clarke resumed his practice. He confined it almost 
entirely to patents, copyrights, and trade-marks. He 
is now associated with F. F. Raymond at No. 32 
Pemberton square. He was counsel for the High- 
land Street Railroad from its organization until its 
consolidation with the Middlesex. He is a member 
of the Loyal Legion. In politics he is a Republi- 
can. Mr. Clarke married Miss Eliza A. Raymond, of 
Boston ; they have three children living : Lois W., 
Ihomas W., and Grace T. Clarke. 

Clement, Eoward Henry, son of Cyrus and Re- 
becca Fiske (Shortridge) Clement, was born in 
Chelsea, Mass., April 19, 1843. He is a descend- 
ant of Robert Clement, who came from Coventry, 
Eng., in 1643, who was chosen to buy and survey 
the territory of Haverhill ; afterwards he represented 
the town in the General Court. His mill was the first 
in the town, and the marriage of his son was the 
first marriage in Haverhill. Edward H. was edu- 
cated in the Chelsea public schools and at Tufts 
College, from which he graduated in 1864, leading 
his class. Subsequently he received from Tufts the 
honorary degree of A.M. He began his profes- 
sional life as a reporter and assistant editor of an 
array post newspaper, started with the deserted 
plant of the " Savannah News " by two correspond- 
ents of the " New York Herald " stationed at Hilton 
Head, S.C. In 1867 he returned to Boston, and 
for a month was chief proof-reader of the " Daily 
Advertiser." Then he resigned to accept a similar 



position on the " New York Tribune." Instead of 
that, however, John Russell Young, then the man- 
aging editor of the "Tribune," gave him a place as 
reporter. Soon after he was promoted to the posi- 
tion of exchange editor, then advanced to the tele- 
graph editor's desk, and then to that of night editor. 
Subsequently he was for a short time managing edi- 
tor of the " Newark [N.J.] Daily Advertiser," and 
in 1 87 1 he became one of the editors and proprie- 
tors of the " Elizabeth [N.J. ] Journal." In 1875 he 
was called to Boston to take the position of assistant 
editor of the "Transcript," which at that time was 
under the editorship of WiUiam A. Hovey. llpon 
Mr. Hovey's retirement, in iSSi, Mr. Clement was 
promoted to the position of chief, which he still 
holds. He has ably maintained the paper upon the 
lines laid down by the long line of eminent editors 
of this favorite Boston institution. He has been 
connected with a number of local organizations, 
among them the Boston Memorial Association and 
the Philharmonic Society ; and he was one of the 
founders of the St. Botolph Club, of which he is still 
a member. In 1869 Mr. Clement was married, in 
New York city, to Miss Gertrude Pound ; they have 
three children. 

Clements, Thomas W'., was born in Weymouth, 
N.S., April I, 1840. .At the outbreak of the Civil 
War he entered the ■ army and served three years in 
the Twelfth Maine Regiment ; a portion of the time 
as sergeant and the remainder as second lieutenant. 
He began the study of dentistry in 1864 in Port- 
land, Me., where he remained for some time, sub- 
sequently practising in Waldoborough and Ellsworth. 
Then he came to Boston and took the course of 
the Boston Dental College, from which he graduated 
in 1872. He first associated himself with Dr. I). S. 
Dickerman, of this city, and later removed to Brook- 
line, where he now enjoys an extensive practice. 
Dr. Clements is a prominent member of various 
societies. From 1873 to 1884 he was adjunct 
professor in the Boston Dental College, and he is 
now a member of the board of trustees of that 
institution. 

CLiFF(.)Rn, Henry M., was born in Lewiston, Me. 
After receiving his education in the grammar and 
high schools of his native city, he engaged for a 
time in different mercantile pursuits. Then he 
began the study of dentistry in the office of Dr. I. 
Goddard, Auburn, Me., but soon left him to enter 
the Harvard Dental School, where he graduated in 
the class of 1886. A year later he became demon- 
strator of operative dentistry in the same school. 



[86 



BOSTON OF 'lO-DAY. 



which position he still occupies. Dr. Clifford is a 
member of the Harvard Dental Alumni, the Har- 
vard Odontological Society, the Massachusetts Den- 
tal Society, and the American Academy of Dental 



% ^ 



V. 



first to introduce the German system, which provides 
for constructing the building around open courts, 
thus affording ample light and ventilation to all 
parts of it ; the Prince School, on the German 
system for smaller school-buildings, completed in 
1881 ; the Pumping-station, the Westborough Insane 
Hospital, and the Suffolk County Court House. Mr. 
Clough's skill is especially manifested in his con- 
struction of school buildings, of which, since 1875, he 
has built twenty-five or more in Boston. He also de- 
signed the Marcella-street Home, the Lyman School 
for Boys, the Durfee Memorial Building at Fall River, 
one of the finest school-edifices in the world, the 
Bridge Academy at Dresden, Me., and similar 
buildings all over New England, as well as in Penn- 
sylvania and New York. Mr. Clough's plans for the 
new Suffolk County Court House were accepted after 
an extended competition among the architects of the 
county. The building, however, as erected is the re- 
sult of serious modification made by the commission, 
and to a considerable degree does not represent Mr. 
Clough's views expressed in the original design, or as 
to what the county needed. Mr. Clough was mar- 
ried in 1876, to Miss Amelia M. Hinckley, of Thet- 
ford, Vt. ; they have three children living : Charles 
Henry, .Annie Louisa, and Pamelia Morrill Clough. 



HENRY M. CLIFFORD. 

Science. He has contributed interesting papers to 
a number of dental journals, and has several times 
read essays on professional topics before the socie- 
ties of which he is a member. 

Clough, George A., architect, son of Asa Clough, 
of Bluehill, Me., a man of reputation in that com- 
munity as a ship-builder, having built eighty-three 
ships during his lifetime, was born in Bluehill, May 
27, 1843. He was educated in the Bluehill .Acad- 
emy, and when still a youth worked under his father 
four years as a draughtsman in the ship-yard, draw- 
ing the sweeps upon the floor, and forming the 
moulds for the ship timber. He began the study of 
architecture with (Jeorge Snell, of the firm of Snell 
& Gregerson, in Boston, in March, 1863, and re- 
mained with him until 1869, when he went into 
business for himself In December, 1875, he entered 
the city's employ as city architect, the first to hold that 
office. Mr. Clough organized the department, and 
during his regime, which covered a period of nine 
years, many notable public buildings were erected 
by the city from his plans. Prominent among these 
is the English High and Latin School building 
on Montgomery street, in which structure he was the 



CciHi!, Frederic Cod.m\n, I\LI )., was born in Boston 
.\pril 3, i860. He was educated in the Latin 
School and at Harvard, where he graduated with 
the degree of .A.B., in 1884, and that of M.D. 
from the Medical School in 1887 ; then went abroad, 
spending two years in Heidelberg, Vienna, Dublin, 
and London. Returning to Boston in 1889, he be- 
gan the practice of his profession. He was ap- 
pointed assistant in diseases of the throat and nose 
at the Massachusetts General Hospital, and physician 
to the Boston Dispensary, and also assisted Dr. 
Hooper at the City Hospital in throat diseases. Dr. 
Cobb is a member of the Massachusetts Medical 
Society. 

CoDMAN, Charles Russell, eldest son of Charles 
Russell and Anne (Macmaster) Codman, was born 
in Paris, France, on Oct. 28, 1829, while his 
parents were travelling abroad. The Codman 
family have been identified with Boston since 
1640. His father was a well-known merchant, 
whose mother was Margaret, daughter of the Hon. 
James Russell, of Charlestown, and his grandfather, 
the Hon. John Codman, laid the foundation of the 
family fortune. His mother was of Scotch origin 
on her father's side, and on her mother's was of 
New \ork Dutch descent, from the I >ey and Van 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



187 



Kuskirk families. He was educated in the private 
schools of Boston under the late Henry R. Cleve- 
land, Kdmund L. Gushing (afterward chief justice 
of New Hampshire), and the late Franklin Forbes. 
He was also for three years at school near Flushing, 
L.I., under the late Rev. William A. Muhlenberg, 
a distinguished divine of the Protestant Episcopal 
church. In due time he entered Harvard College, 
and graduated in the class of 1S49. He then 
studied law in the office of the late Charles G. 
Loring, was admitted to the bar in 1852, and 
practised law for a short time, subsequently engag- 
ing in general business. He resided in Boston until 
1855, and then moved to Barnstable. At Walton- 
on-Thames, England, on Feb. 28, 1856, Mr. Cod- 
man was married to Lucy Lyman Paine, daughter 
of the late Russell Sturgis, of Boston, and afterwards 
of the firm of Baring Brothers & Co., of London. 
They have three sons and two daughters living : 
Russell Sturgis, Anne Macmaster, Susan Welles, 
John Sturgis, and Julian Codman. In 1861 and 
1862 Mr. Codman was a member of the school 
committee of Boston. In 1864 and 1865 he repre- 
sented a district of the city of Boston in the State 
Senate ; for four years, from 1872 to 1875 inclusive, 
lie was a member of the House of Representatives, 
serving each year on important committees, in the 
last two being chairman of the committee on the 
judiciary. He began life as a Whig. In 1856 he 
joined the Republican party, and was an active mem- 
ber of it until 1884, since which time he has acted 
with the Democrats. During the Civil War Mr. 
Codman served as colonel of the Forty-fifth Massa- 
chusetts Regiment, having previously been lieutenant 
and captain in the Boston Cadets. He has been 
president of the Boston Provident Association, suc- 
ceeding the Hon. Robert C. Winthrop ; president 
of the Massachusetts Homcjeopathic Hospital, and a 
trustee of the State Insane .'Asylum at Westborough. 
He was elected a member of the board of overseers 
of Harvard College in 1878, and again in 1884. 
He was president of the board in 1880 and iSSi, 
and again from 1887 to i8go. He was Republican 
candidate for mayor of Boston in 18 78. Mr. Cod- 
man has always been independent in political con- 
nections. He supported the Republican party in 
its early days, when resistance to the slave power 
seemed to him a duty. He gave the Democratic 
party an equally cordial and enthusiastic support 
when to his mind that party stood for just and 
liberal tariff- legislation. He has always been iden- 
tified with and heartily in favor of the cause of 
civil-service reform ; and, in fact, to all the great 
moving reforms that tend to the purification of 



politics and the advancement of the best interests of 
the country his powerful influence is uniformly given, 
and in this advocacy his clarion voice utters no un- 
certain sound. 

Codman, John Thom.as, son of John Codman, 
who descended from one of Boston's oldest families, 
was born in Boston Oct. 30, 1826. He is now one 
of the oldest-established dentists in the city. He 
was first associated wirh his uncle, the late Dr. 
Willard W. Codman, and afterwards with Dr. N. C. 
Keep, of this city. He graduated from Harvard in 
1870, receiving the degree of D.M.D., and has 
been forty-five years in the practice of his pro- 
fession, nearly forty of which have been spent in 
Boston. He has filled all the prominent offices of 
the Massachusetts Dental Society, is a member of 
the New York Odontological Society, the New 
England Dental Society, the Connecticut Valley 
Society, and the Boston .Society for Dental Im- 
provement ; and he has acceptably filled various 
offices in the American .Academy of Dental 
Science. Dr. Codman has been active also in 
society work ; has written many essays and read 
papers before the Massachusetts Dental Society, 
the American Academy, and other similar organiza- 




JOH 



CODMAN. 



tions. He is a charter member of Boston Council, 
Royal Arcanum, and one of the founders of the 
order of the Home Circle and of the United 



i88 



BOSTON OF 'lO-nAY. 



Fellowship, as well as the Hoston Society for I )ental 
Improvement. In his leisure hours he still uses 
his pen, and has some valuable unpublished manu- 
scripts in his possession. Dr. Codman was married 
Dec. 13, 1859, to Miss Kezzie H., daughter of 
Mort t'lark, of Brewster, Mass. 

CoGCAN, Marcellus, son of Leonard and Betsey 
M. Coggan, was born in Bristol, Me., in 1847. He 
obtained his early education in the district school, 
and when yet a youth went to sea, engaging in the 
coasting trade between Maine and Southern ports, and 
the West Indies. Abandoning a seafaring life a few 
years later he went to Lincoln Academy, New Castle, 
Me., where he prepared for college. Entering Bow- 
doin in 1868, he made his way through by hard 
work, teaching in schools and academies during the 
winter months. He graduated with honor in 1872. 
Immediately after graduation he became principal of 
Nichols Academy, in Dudley, Mass., where he re- 
mained seven years, diligently studying law in his 
leisure hours with the view of ultimately adopting 
the legal profession. While living in Dudley he was 
active in town affairs, and was for four years upon 
the school committee. When in 1879 he retired 
from school-teaching, he came to Boston and entered 
the law office of Child & Powers. Two years later 
he was admitted to the Suffolk bar, and at once 
began practice. In 1886 he formed a partnership 
with \Villiam Schofield, then instructor in the law 
of torts at the Harvard Law School, under the firm 
name of Coggan & Schofield, and they have since 
continued together with offices in Hoston and 
Maiden. Mr. Coggan established his home in the 
latter city when he began his legal studies in Boston, 
and there, as in Dudley, he early became active in 
local affairs. During the second year of his residence 
there he was made a member of the school com- 
mittee, which position he held for three years. Then 
in 1884 he ran as an independent candidate for the 
office of mayor, against the regular nominee, and 
was defeated ; but the next year, running again as an 
independent, he was elected. His administration 
was so successful that he was rei^lected for a second 
term by an almost unanimous vote. Declining a 
nomination for a third term, he retired from office 
with an admirable record. In 1872 Mr. Coggan was 
married to Miss Luella B. Robbins, daughter of C. 
C. Robbins, of Bristol, Me. ; thev have had three 
children. 

CoLF.v, John Henry, son of John F. and Ruthey 
(Cloutman) Colby, was born in Randolph, Mass., 
June 13, 1862. He was educated in the Boston 



public schools and I )artmouth College, graduating in 
1885. He studied law in the Boston University 
Law School (from which he graduated in 1889), and 
in his father's office. He was admitted to the Suf- 
folk bar in 1889, and was associated in practice with 
his father until the latter's death. He is a trustee of 
the North End Savings Bank. Mr. Colby was mar- 
ried Oct. 8, 189:, to Miss Annie Evarts Cornelius. 

Coi.KiMAN, E. B., was born in Barnstable, Cape 
Cod, in 1842. He was educated in the schools of 
his native place. In early life he made several long 
sea-voyages, and during the Civil War he served four 
years in the United States Navy. In 1870 he en- 
tered the employ of James Edmond & Co., manu- 
facturers and importers of fire-brick and sewer-pipe 
in this city. Here he remained until 1877, when 
he formed a copartnership with George M. Fiske, 
who had also been in the employ of Edmond & Co., 
under the firm name of Fiske & Coleman, for the 
sale of the same material. The business rapidly 
increased, and the operations of the firm soon em- 
braced the manufacture of fire-brick and architect- 
ural terra-cotta. Subsec|uently, the production of 




E. B. COLEMAN. 

faience for exterior and interior decorations was 
added. In 1885 the firm became Fiske, Coleman, 
& Co., William Homes being then admitted. At 
their exhibition rooms. No. 164 Devonshire street, 
are shown a great variety of forms and colors of 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



l8g 



brick and terra-cotta. They produce specialties of 
all kinds of building-material in clay, and have 
some twenty different colors now in use. In the 
management of the business of the house, Mr. 
Coleman gives his attention to finances and corre- 
spondence. [For examples of the work of Fiske, 
Coleman, & Co. in modern buildings in Boston and 
elsewhere, see sketch of George M. Fiske. Also, 
see sketch of William Homes.] 

Collins, Patrick A., son of an Irish farmer, was 
born near Fermoy, county of Cork, Ire., March 12, 
1844. His father dying in 1847, his mother emi- 




PATRICK A. COLLINS. 

grated, with her children, to this country and settled 
in Chelsea, Mass. 'I'here he attended the public 
schools until he was twelve \ears old, when he went 
to work first as a shop boy, and then as ofhc e boy 
in a Boston lawyer's office. At thirteen he was 
working at various occupations in Ohio: subse- 
i|uently returning to Boston, he workeii at the 
ii]iholstery trade for several years, giving his leisure 
hours to study ; and at nineteen was foreman of a 
shop. When, advancing steadily in his trade, he 
determined to become a lawyer, and in 1868 he 
entered the Harvard Law School. Graduating there- 
from, he was admitted to the Suffolk bar in 187 1, 
and opening an office in Boston at once began 
practice. At this time he was already prominent in 
politics. In 1868 and 1869 he was a member of 



the lower house of the Legislature, and in 1870 
and 187 1 was a State senator. In 1875 he was 
judge-advocate-general of the Commonwealth. He 
was a delegate-at-large from Massachusetts to the 
national Democratic conventions in 1876, 1880, 
and 1888, and was elected president of the national 
Democratic convention of 1888, held at St. Louis; 
and in the campaign of that year took a leading 
part. In 1882 he was elected to Congress, and was 
twice reelected. He was one of the secretaries of 
the Fenian congress held in Philadelphia in 1865 ; 
and he has been an active and influential member 
of the land and national leagues since their estab- 
lishment. He was chosen president of the Irish 
National Land League at the convention held in 
Buffalo, N.Y., in 1880, and served something more 
than a year, declining a reelection. He was chair- 
man of the Massachusetts Democratic State com- 
mittee from 1884 to 1 89 1, and is recognized as one 
of the ablest leaders in his party, state and national. 
He is a brilliant speaker and a witty one. In his 
profession he holds a foremost place. He has 
travelled extensively in the West and across to the 
Pacific coast ; and has made several trips to the Old 
Country. Mr. Collins was married July i, 1873, at 
Boston, to Mary E. Carey : they have three children : 
Agnes, Marie, and Paul Collins. 

Cd.MKK, JdsKHH, was bom in P^ngland Aug. 22, 
i.S:;2. He was educated at the Collegiate Institute 
in Liverpool. He came to Boston in 1850 and en- 
tered the house of James M. Beebe, Morgan, & Co., 
wholesale dry-goods merchants, remaining with 
them until 1854, when he became a partner in the 
wholesale clothing-house of B. L. Merrill & Co. 
He established the " Blue Store " clothing-house in 
Adams scpiare and Washington street, and entered 
the real-estate business in i860. He has been trus- 
tee of some of the largest estates in Boston, and 
now (1892) manages several important estates and 
IS the agent of numerous out-of-town owners. His 
main forte has been the sale and care of city prop- 
erty ; but he is personally interested in the develop- 
ment of several suburban localities. He has resided 
with his wife and family on Beacon Hill for the past 
twenty-five years, is the owner of considerable real 
estate in Boston, and a stockholder in several of the 
banks of the city. 

CoNANT, William M., M.D., was born in Attle- 
borough, Jan. 5, 1856. He was educated in the 
Bridgewater and Adams Academies, fitting for college 
at the latter institution. He entered Harvard in 
1875, graduating A.B. in 1879, and, taking a course 



[90 



BOSTON OF rO-DAY. 



in the Harvard Medical School, received his degree 
of M.D. in 1884. He was house officer at the Massa- 
chusetts General Hospital for eighteen months, and 
was then assistant in anatomy at the Harvard Medi- 
cal School. He is now assistant demonstrator in 
anatomy in the latter. Dr. Conant is a member of 
the Boston Society for Medical Improvement, the 
Massachusetts Medical Society, the Boston Society 
for Medical Observation, the Society of the Medical 
Sciences, and the Association of American Anato- 
mists. He is a surgeon to the linston I )is|ieiisary, 
surgeon to out-patients at the Massn^ liii-,iiis i Icncral 
Hospital and at Carney Hospital, and sntycon lo St. 
Elizabeth's Hospital. 

Conner Y, Walter J., was born in Boston Feb. 
6, 1852. He was a member of the firm of D. 
Connery & Co., builders, from March 15, 1881, 
until April i, 1890, when he associated in partner- 
ship with Walter .\. Wentworth, also of that firm, and 
under the firm name of Connery & Wentworth suc- 
ceeded to its business. The concern of D. Connery 
& Co. had been in existence a number of years, suc- 
ceeding the well-known Boston builders, Messrs. 
Standish & Woodbury; D. Connery, the father 
of Walter T-, having been active in the business for 




WALTER J. CONNERY. 



over forty years. The present firm of Connery & 
Wentworth may therefore be said to have been 
estabhshed for over si.xty years. .Although making 



a specialty of mason work, they take large contracts 
for all other branches in the building line, and assume 
the responsibility of the work in every detail. They 
built the Pierce Building in Copley square, and the 
Telephone Building, corner of Milk and Oliver 
streets. Other important work of theirs is shown 
in the Christian Association building, the Ho- 
moeopathic Hospital, the Cambridge Hospital, 
Westborough Insane Asylum, Quincy Storage Build- 
ing, the fine residences of Messrs. E. V. R. and 
Nathaniel P. Thayer on Commonwealth avenue, and 
over three hundred other dwellings in the Back Bay 
district and at the South End. Mr. Connery was 
one of the originators of the Master Puilders' Associ- 
ation. His home is in Allston. 

Converse, .Alfred Collins, son of Joshua and 
Polly (Piper) Converse, was born in Rindge, N.H., 
March 17, 1827. He is a lineal descendant of 
Deacon Edward Convers, or Converse, who came to 
New England in the fleet with Governor Winthrop 
in 1630; received in 1631 the grant of the first 
ferry between Charlestown and Boston ; was first of 
the seven commissioners appointed by the church 
of Charlestown to effect the settlement of Woburn ; 
was selectman of the new town from 1 644 until his 
death : one of the board of commissioners for the 
trial of minor causes ; and was one of the founders 
of the church in Woburn, and deacon for many 
years. . His son James, commonly styled Ensign or 
Lieutenant Converse, was "repeatedly honored by 
the town with the principal offices which it had to 
confer;" James' son. Major James Converse, won 
distinction in the war with the French and Indians, 
was ten years a member of the General Court, and 
three times elected speaker of the House ; the 
major's son John, one of nine children, apparently 
lived an uneventful life in Woburn ; John's son 
Joshua in early life removed to Dunstable, and ten 
years later to Merrimac, N.H., then known as 
Naticook or Litchfield", where he was frei|uently 
elected to office ; John's son Zebulon was the one 
who established the family in Rindge ; and his son 
[oshua, the seventh of eleven children, was the 
father of Alfred Collins Converse. In addition to 
the management of a large farm, he was much em- 
jiloyed in other pursuits. In 1845 he purchased 
the mills and removed to the locality now known as 
Converseville, where he l)ecame extensively engaged 
in the manufacture of lumber and wooden ware. 
He represented the town in the Legislature in 1840 
and 1 84 1, and was a member of the constitutional 
convention in 1S50. For seventeen years he was 
a selectman. He lived to see his thirteen children, 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



three daughters and ten sons, all married and well 
settled in life. Alfrefl Collins was the tenth child 
and eighth son of Joshua and Polly Converse. He 
was educated in the public schools and at the New 




ALFRED C. CONVERSE. 



Ipswich Acailunn. lie spent his boyhood on the 
farm and in his father's hiiubcr-niills. When yet a 
youth he taught srhndl winters in Rindge, Town- 
send, and Fitchburg. In 1850 he removed to New 
York, and was employed there in the wholesale flour- 
store of Cowing & Co., on South street. In one 
year the firm foiled, and he found more congenial 
employment in the tyjie foundry of Green Brothers, 
on Fulton street. In the course of another year 
they failed. He was next employed in the type 
foundry of William Hagar & Co., on (lold street. 
In less than two years they suspended. Hoping to 
get out of the area of failures, Mr. Converse then 
(in 1S54) removed to Boston, and here found em- 
ployment as electrotyper and fitter with Phelps & 
Dalton, then, as now, the leading type-founders in 
Boston. In 1863 he formed a copartnership with 
M. G. Crane, under the firm name of Con\erse iS: 
Crane, for the manufacture of fire-nlarni machinery, 
at the corner i)f Washington and Water streets, still 
retaining his |nisituin with I'helps lV Dalton. The 
following year Mr. Dalton sold his interest in the 
type foundry to Mr. Converse, and the firm took 
the name of Phelps, Dalton, & Co. In 1865 Mr. 
Converse sold his interest in the fire-alarm 



business, that he might devote his whole time 
to the type foundry. Since becoming a mem- 
ber of the firm he has had charge of the manufact- 
uring to the present time. In 18S3 he formed a 
partnership with his nephew, Morton E. Converse, 
of W inc heuilon, for the manufacture of toys and 
reed chairs. They have three mills, each one hun- 
dred feet long and four stories high, and employ 
about two hundred hands. Mr. Converse was a 
member of the Chelsea common council in 1877, 
an alderman in 1889 and 1890, the latter years re- 
ceiving the popular vote; and in December, 1891, 
was elected mayor of Chelsea. He has been a 
member of the Masonic order for thirty years, 
now of the Star of Bethlehem Lodge of Chelsea. 
Mr. Converse has been twice married : first, 
Nov. 13, 1855, to Julia A. Woods; and second, 
Nov. 18, 1869, to Hulda H. Mitchell. He has 
had four children : Julia Luella, born Feb. 4, 
1859 ; Lillia Frances, born May 10, 1865, died 
Sejjt. 15, 1866; a son, born and died Oct. 23, 
1870; and Alfred Otis Converse, born Dec. 21, 
1871. 

Converse, Elisha S., son of Elisha and Betsey 
( W'heaton) Converse, was born in Needham, Mass., 
July 28, 1820. He was educated in the public 
schools. At nineteen he began work in a clothing 
store in Thompson, Conn., but the next year he 
changed to the shoe and leather business, in which 
his advance was steady and sure. Then in 1853 he 
became manager of the Boston Rubber Shoe Com- 
pany, and this position he still holds. He is also 
president of the First National Bank of Maiden, 
and director of the Exchange National Bank of 
Boston ; president of the Boston Belting Company 
and of the Rubber Manufacturers' Mutual Insurance 
Company ; director of the Revere Rubber Com- 
pany, and trustee of the Boston Five Cents Savings 
Bank. He is also a trustee of Wellesley College. 
Early making his residence in Maiden and becom- 
ing one of its foremost citizens, he was elected the 
first mayor when the town accepted the city charter 
in 1 88 1. He was a member of the lower house of 
the Legislature in 1878 and 1879, and of the senate 
in 1880 and 1881. He has done much to increase 
the attractions and promote the prosperity of his 
town, and has been a generous giver for good 
works. His latest and most important gift to the 
town is the handsome library building. Mr. Con- 
verse was married in Thompson, Conn., Sept. 4, 
1843, to Miss Mary D. lulmands ; they have had 
four children : Frank K., Mary Ida, Harry E., and 
Frances Eugenie Converse. 



[92 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Cook, John Hawkins, son of Justin and Fannie 
A. (Moore) Cook, was born in Northampton, 
Mass., July 28, 1841. He was educated in the 
common schools, and began business as an apothe- 
cary and country storekeeper. He entered the 
Union army as private of Company C, Tenth 
Massachusetts Infantry, June 21, 1861 ; was pro- 
moted to second and first lieutenant. Fifty-seventh 
Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers ; and brevet 
captain and major "for gallant and meritorious 
service in the campaign before Petersburg, Va., 
in 1864." He was dangerously wounded, and was 
honorably discharged Dec. 27, 1864. Captain 
Cook has been for nearly twenty-five years in the 
Customs service, and is now (1892) auditor and 
disbursing clerk in the Boston Custom House. He 
served as department inspector, G.A.R., Depart- 
ment of Massachusetts, in 1887-8; and is present 
commander (1892) of Edward W. Kinsley Post 
113, G.A.R. On Feb. i, 1876, he married Miss 
MoUie Pond. They have no children. 

CoDKK, Frf.dkkick Ai.i,s1(in, was born in the 
mountain town of Gorham, Me., Aug. 14, 1857. 
At an early age he was sent to Bridgton, Me., 
to attend the excellent schools in that place. He 
took a preparatory course for college under B. J. 
Legate. He studied dentistry with Dr. Isaac J. 
Wetherbee and in the Boston Dental College, 
graduating from the latter with honors in the 
class of 1879. He received a prize medal for 
class essays while in college, and was chosen presi- 
dent of the graduating class. After leaving college 
he was associated with Dr. Wetherbee, under the 
name of Wetherbee & Cooke. He was appointed 
demonstrator in charge at the Boston Dental Col- 
lege, and for a time successfully filled this position. 
Dr. Cooke is a member of the Boston Dental 
College Alumni Association, and of other societies. 



Miss Julia Shepley, of St. Louis, a sister of his 
partner, Mr. Shepley. 

CooLiDGE, William Hf.xrv, son of W'illiam L. 
and Sarah I. (Washburn ) Coolidge, was born in 
Natick, Mass., Feb. 23, 1859. He was graduated 
from Harvard in 1881. After studying two years 
in the Harvard Law School, he entered the law 
office of Hyde, Dickinson, & Howe in Boston, and 
was admitted to the Suffolk bar in January, 1SS5. 
In February following he was appointed assistant 
counsel of the Boston & Lowell Railroad Corpora- 
tion, of which his present partner was general 
counsel. He remained with that railroad and the 
Boston & Maine Railroad, its lessee, until Jan. i, 

1889, when he resigned to form a partnership with 
Almon A. Strout, under the firm name of Strout & 
t'oolidge, and he is now in general practice at No. 
40 ^\'ater street. He is a member of the Boston 
Bar Association, and of the Puritan, Newton, LTni- 
versity, and Republican Clubs. In politics he is a 
Republican. He was married Oct. 3, 1887, to Miss 
May Humphreys, daughter of George D. and Sarah 
F. (Young) Humphreys, of St. Louis, Mo. He re- 
sides in Newton. 

CooNEV, P. H., district attorney of Middlesex 
county, was born in Stockbridge, Mass., in 1845. 
He moved to northern New York, and lived on a 
farm until he was seventeen years old. He came to 
Natick in 1864 and was educated in the high 
school and at Allen's school in West Newton, after 
which he studied law in the ofiice of Bacon & 
Sawin, and was admitted to the bar in Suflblk 
county in 1868. He was appointed assistant dis- 
trict attorney of Middlesex county in 1880, and 
was elected district attorney of the same county in 

1890. He was a member of the school committee 
in Natick four years, from 1880 to 1884. 



CooLiDCE, Chari.ks Ai.lerii >n", architect, son of 
David and Isabella (Shurtlefif) Coolidge, was born 
in Boston Nov. 30, 1858. He was educated in 
Hopkinson's school ; at Harvard, graduating in the 
class of 1 88 1 ; and in the Institute of Technology. 
He began his professional work in the office of the 
late H. H. Richardson, and in 1886 became a 
member of the firm of Shepley, Rutan, & Coolidge, 
which was formed after Mr. Richardson's death, 
that year, and succeeded to his business. [For a 
list of some of the noteworthy buildings designed 
by this firm, see the sketch of (George F. Shepley.] 
He is one of the directors of the American Insti- 
tute of Architects. On Nov. 30, 1889, he married 



CoRCoR-AN, John W., sun of James and Catherine 
Corcoran, was born June 14, 1853, at Batavia, Mon- 
roe county, N.Y. His early education was ob- 
tained in the pubhc schools of Clinton, Mass. He 
afterwards pursued his studies in Holy Cross Col- 
lege, Worcester, St. John's University, New York 
city, and the Boston University Law School. He 
began the practice of law in Clinton, June, 1875, ^"^^ 
later on formed a copartnership with Herbert Parker. 
He was also a member of the law firm of Corcoran 
& Walsh. He is now (1892) in practice in Boston, 
with office in Sears Building, and associated with 
Mr. Parker. He was a member of the school com- 
mittee of Clinton for thirteen vears, and is now its 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



[9,3 



chairman; town solicitor of Clinton since the cre- 
ation of the office in 18S3, with the exception of a 
single year ; and president of the Clinton board of 




JOHN W. CORCORAN 



trade, 1S86-7. He has been a member of the 
board of water commissioners since its organi- 
zation in 188 1. He was delegate to the national 
Democratic conventions in 1884 and 1888, and in 
the latter year acted as chairman of the delegation ; 
and he has been a member of the Democratic State 
committee since 18S3, and chairman of that body 
in i8gi-2. Mr. Corcoran was candidate for sena- 
tor in 18S0, for district attorney of Worcester county 
1883 and 1884, for attorney-general of Massa- 
chusetts in 1886-7, and for lieutenant-governor in 
1888-9 — all on the Democratic ticket. He was 
appointed receiver of the Lancaster National Bank 
of CHnton Jan. 20, 1886, by the comptroller of the 
currency of the United States, :md still holds that 
position. He is juili^'c-advor.itc-general on the 
staff of Governor Russt-ll. Mr. Corcoran was mar- 
ried in Boston, April 28, 1881, to Margaret J-i 
daughter of Patrick and Mary McDonald. Of this 
union are two daughters and one son ; Mary Ger- 
trude, Alice, and John Corcoran. 

Corse, John M., popularly known as General 
Corse, is a native of the smoky city of Pittsburgh, 
Pa., where he was born April 27, 1835, his ances- 
tors coming from an old Huguenot family and set- 



thng in Virginia early in the eighteenth century. 
His early education was received in St. Louis and 
Burlington, Iowa, and he entered West Point in 
1S53. He resigned to study, and then began prac- 
tice in Burlington, Iowa. Here he built up a suc- 
cessful patronage, at the same time taking much 
interest in public affairs, and in i860 was a candi- 
date for the position of secretary of State for Iowa 
on the Douglas ticket. At the breaking out of the 
war in April, 1861, he volunteered and entered the 
service as captain in the artillery. Then he was 
transferred as major of the Sixth Iowa Infantry, but 
later on was assigned to the staff of Gen. John 
I'ope, with the rank of judge-advocate-general, 
and afterwards inspector-general. After a number 
of hot engagements, among them Island No. 10 and 
Shiloh, he was promoted to the position of lieu- 
tenant-colonel of the Sixth Iowa Infantry and joined 
Sherman's army in the sieges of Corinth, Memphis, 
\icksburg, and* the Mississippi campaigns. For 
gallantry at the assault on Jackson, he received the 
commission of brigadier-general. He was given 
command of the Fourth Division, Fifteenth Army 
Corps, and was in many battles, among them Mis- 
sion Ridge, where his leg was broken by a shell ; 
and after recovering from the wound, he became a 
member of General Sherman's staff, and marched 
with him from " Atlanta to the sea." General 
Corse's bravery at Altoona Pass is well known to 
history, when with a handful of resolute soldiers he 
withstood one of the most deadly fires from the 
enemy, refusing to surrender, and holding the im- 
portant position until reinforcements from (General 
Sherman arrived. For his gallant conduct on this 
occasion he was made major-general. He was 
wounded five times during the war. He was ap- 
pointed lieutenant-colonel in the regular army after 
a two years' campaign in the Northwest against the 
Sioux. General Corse was appointed collector of 
internal revenue by President Johnson, and two 
years later he went abroad, passing several years in 
Europe. He was at one time a constructor of har- 
bors in Chicago. In 1886 President Cleveland 
appointed him postmaster of Boston, and his 
efforts in improving the mail ser\-ice of the 
city have become widely known. Changes have 
constantly been made and are still going on, so 
that newly appointed postmasters are frequently 
sent to Boston to learn the methods employed in 
the department here. General Corse's home is in 
Boston. 

Ci.mKR, jA^n;s E., son of James and Margaret 
(Callahan) Cotter, was born in county Cork, Ire- 



194 



I'.OSTON OF TO-nAV. 



land, in 1848. Coming to this country when a boy 
and making his home in Marlborough, Mass., he ob- 
tained his education in the public schools of that town 
and in the State Normal School at Bridgewater. In 
the summer of 1871 he began the study of law in the 
office of William B. dale, in Marlborough, and was 
admitted to the bar in January, 1874. Then he re- 
moved to Hyde Park, and he has since ])ractised in 
Norfolk and Suffolk counties : his Boston office is 
now in the Sears Building. In Hyde Park Mr. 
Cotter has held a number of public positions. He 
has been chairman of the registrars of voters there 
(1884-5) ; for five years a member of the school 
committee (1886-91) : one year (1888) chairman 
of the board, and town counsel from 1878 to 1889. 
Since 1886 he has been town counsel for W'alpole. 
In 1874 and again in 1.S77 he was the Democratic 
candidate for district attorney for the southeastern 
district, comprising Norfolk and Plymouth counties, 




JAMES E. COTTER. 

and in i SSS he was a candidate for presidential 
elector on the I )emocratic ticket. He is a member 
of the Norfolk and Suffolk Bar Associations, of the 
Charitable Irish Society (of which he was unani- 
mously elected president in 1892), and of the 
Massachusetts Order of Foresters. He was married 
Oct. 29, 1874, to Mary A. Welch: they have five 
children : Esther M.,^Alice K.. Mary Alma, Anna, 
and Sarah F. Cotter. 



Cov, S. \\'iLLARD, M.D., son of Fjdward L. and 
Clara (Gary) Coy, was born in West Hebron, N.Y., 
May 28, 1863. He was educated in the village 
schools at East (Greenwich, R.I., and in the Wilbra- 
ham .Academy. Then he came to Boston and 
attended the Boston University School of Medicine, 
from which he graduated in 1888. After graduation 
he began practice in East Boston, where he has 
since remained. He is a member of the Massa- 
chusetts Homoeopathic Society. 1 )r. Coy is also 
connected with the Knights of Pythias and the 
Independent Order of Odd Fellows. 

Ckkkch, S.awuel W., jr., was born in Boston 
Nov. 7, 1839. He passed through the Boston 
IHiblic schools, and after reading law was admitted 
to the bar in 1862. He was a partner of Hon. 
William J. Hubbard \intil the latter's death, and has 
since practised alone. He has a wide and lucrative 
practice, and the management of large estates. 
He is president of the proprietors of Mount Hope 
Cemetery. In politics Mr. Creech is a Republican. 
He is a member ui the New t^ngland and Central 
<lubs, an<l ;i prominent Mason and Odd Fellow. 

Kidder (Haskell) Crocker, was born in Boston 
Dec. 15, 1843. He was fitted for college in the 
Boston Latin School, from which he graduated in 
i860 as a Franklin medal scholar; entered Harvard 
and graduated in the class of 1864 ; and took the 
course of the Harvard Law School, receiving the 
degree of LL.B. In 1867 he was admitted to the 
Suffolk bar, and began practice with his brother, 
Uriel H. Crocker — an association which has con- 
tinued to the present time (1892). Mr. Crocker 
early entered public life, and has rendered the State 
good service in a number of important positions. 
In 1873 and 1874 he was a member of the lower 
house of the Legislature, serving both terms as 
I hainnan of the committee on bills in the third 
reading, anil, during the second term, also as House 
chairman of the joint committee on the liquor law, 
and on the committee on rules and orders. In 
1880, 1881, 1882, and 1883 he was in the senate, 
tlie fourth year its president. While in that body 
he ser%ed as chairman of the committees on rail- 
roads, the judiciary, and rules and orders. He was 
also a member of the committees on ta.xation, the 
State House, bills in the third reading, and on the 
revision of the statutes (this a joint special com- 
mittee). He prepared the rules which the latter 
committee adopted to govern its sessions. He also 
prepared a "Digest of the Rulings of tiie Presiding 



BOSTON OF TO-n.\V. 



19s 



Officers of the Senate and House," covering a 
period of fifty years, and this has since formed a 
part of the annual "Manual for the General Court." 
The session of the Legislature for 1883, when he 
presided o\er the senate, was rendered famous by 
the Tewksbury and other extended investigations, 
and it was the longest on record, lasting two hundred 
and six days. Mr. Crocker declined a reelection to 
the senate of 18S4. In February, 1887, upon the 
death of Hon. Thomas Russell, then chairman of 
the l)oard of railroad commissioners, Mr. Crocker 
was appointed a member of that board, and by its 
members was chosen chairman. In July, 1888, 
he was reappointed for the term of three years. 
At the expiration of that term in i8gi Hon. 
Chauncey Smith was appointed to the position b}- 
Governor Russell (Democrat), but the Republican 
executive council, by a party vote of seven to one 
(seven Republicans and one Democrat), refusing to 
confirm the nomination, and the governor making 
no other, Mr. Crocker continued in office. In 
January, 1892, however, when the annual report for 
the previous year was completed, he sent in his 
resignation. For two years (1877 and 1878) Mr. 
Crocker was secretary of the Republican State 
committee; and in the fall of 1877 he helped to 
promote the organization known as the " Young 
Republicans," of which he was elected chairman in 
.\pril, 1879. In 1889 he was appointed by Mayor 
Hart chairman of a commission of three to examine 
into the operations of the existing system of taxa- 
tion, and to report a more equitable system if any 
could be devised. In March, 1891, the committee 
made a report, concluding with certain recommenda- 
tions of which the most important were these : that 
municipal bonds should be released from taxation, 
on the ground that to tax such bonds results in loss 
rather than gain to cities and towns issuing the 
bonds, and that the many forms of double taxation 
should be abolished because such taxation is mani- 
festly unjust, and as a rule can be, and is, evaded. 
Mr. Crocker has prepared and published through 
G. P. Putnam's Sons (New York and London, 1889) 
a valuable parliamentary manual entitled " Princi- 
ples of Procedure in Deliberative Assemblies," 
which has had a wide circulation ; and, in con- 
junction with his brother, prepared the " Notes on 
the General Statutes" published in 1869. A 
second edition followed in 1875, and another 
simultaneously with the publication of the revision 
of the statutes of 1882, the latter being an enlarged 
edition entitled " Notes on the Public Statutes." Mr. 
Crocker is an officer of various business corporations, 
and is connected with a number of institutions and 



organizations. He is treasurer of the Massachu- 
setts Charitable Society ; a trustee of the Boston 
Lying-in Hospital ; president of the Massachusetts 
Charitable Fire Society; a life member of the 
Boston Young Men's Christian Union; a member 
of the Boston Civil Service Reform Association ; of 
the Citizens' .Association ; of the Society for Politi- 
cal Education ; of the Young Men's Benevolent 
Society ; of the Bar .Association of the city of 
Boston ; and of the Harvard Law School Associa- 
tion. He is also a member of the LTnion, St. Botolph, 
.Algonquin, Athletic, Papyrus, Country, and LTnion 
Boat Clubs, and the Beacon Society. On the 19th 
of June, 1875, he was married in Boston to Miss 
Annie Bliss, daughter of the late Dr. Nathan C. 
Keep, of Boston ; they have five children : George 
tilover, jr., Margaret, Courtenay, Muriel, and Lvne- 
ham Crocker. 

Crocker, John Mvrick, son of Francis and Susan 
(Kenyon) Crocker, was born in Provincetown, 
Mass., May 22, 1845. His early education was ob- 
tained in the public schools of his native town. He 
entered the Har\'ard Medical School in 1862, and 
graduated in 1866. The same year he began prac- 
tice in Provincetown, and remained there eighteen 
years. In 1884 he moved to Cambridge, Mass., in 
which city he has since resided, enjoying a steadily 
growing practice: He was medical examiner at 
Provincetown for over ten years, and also held 
other responsible positions there, among them : 
pension examiner, member of the school committee, 
member of the board of health, trustee of the Public 
Library, and acting assistant surgeon to the .Marine 
Hospital. He is prominent in several orders ; is 
connected with the .Amicable Lodge, Cambridge, 
the Joseph Warren Chapter and the Marine Lodge 
I.O.O.F., Provincetown, the Boston Lodge of Per- 
fection, the Scottish Rite, and the Cambridge 
Commandery Knights Templar. He is medical 
examiner of the Knights and Ladies of Honor and 
of the Home Circle. He is a member of the Mas- 
sachusetts Medical Society and the Cambridge 
Medical Improvement Society. Dr. Crocker was 
married in Provincetown, in 1871, to Mary, daugh- 
ter of William Adams ; they have one child : Inez 
M. Crocker. 

CuDDiHV, John J., was born in Saugerties on the 
Hudson, N.Y., in 1847. Having at an early age, 
through association with his father (who had been 
in the blue-stone business for many years), acquired 
a thorough knowledge of the North River blue- 
stone, he established the business in Boston under 



ig6 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



the firm name of Cuddihy & German. Mr. German 
died in 1883, and the business continued under the 
name of J. J. Cuddihy. The concern has filled 
many large contracts in Boston and vicinity. Its 
work includes the underpinnings and sidewalks of 
the buildings of S. S. Pierce & Co., at the corner of 
Dartmouth street and Huntington avenue, liack Hay 
district, and Court and Tremont streets/ down town : 
the R. H. Stearns sidewalks on the corner of Tremont 
street and I'emple place ; the .American l!ell Tele- 
phone Building underpinning, safe, floors, and side- 
walks, corner of Milk and Oliver streets ; the Bradley 
and Davis estate, corner Tremont street and Temple 
place ; and blue-stone in many houses on the Back 
Bay, such as those of Dr. W. S. Bryant, Dr. Fay, 
Mr. Amory, and George B. Davenport ; and side- 
walks on Bedford, Chauncy, Edinboro', Essex, 
Beacon, School, and other streets. Mr. Cuddihy 
is a member of the Master I'.uilders' .Association. 

Culver, Jane Kenhkick, M.D., was born in 
Warren, Mass., and is a descendant on the maternal 
side of the F'eltons — a name associated with a family 
of educators. She graduated and received the de- 
gree of M.D. in the year 1879, at the Boston I'ni- 
versity. She is a member of the American Institute 
of Homoeopathy, the Massachusetts Homoeopathic 
Medical Society, the Surgical and Gynaecological 
Society of Boston, and the Boston Homceopathic 
Medical Society, to all of which she has contributed 
papers. The Physiological Institute, which made 
its beginning in the city of Boston when the matter 
of " higher education for women " was unpopular, 
is a society in which she has taken dee]) interest. 

CuNNiKF, MiCH.iEL M.-iiTHEW, SOU of Michael 
and Ellen (Kennedy) Cunnifl', was born in Roscom- 
mon, Ire., in 1850, his parents coming to Bos- 
ton when he was three months old. He obtained 
his early educational training in the Boston public 
schools. This was supplemented by a course of 
commercial training in the Bryant & Stratton Com- 
mercial College, Boston. His first business con- 
nection was in the wine and spirit trade, with his 
brother Bernard, in this city. He subsequently re- 
tired from that line to enter a general banking and 
brokerage business, principally in the handling of 
gas securities and real estate. He has also been 
identified with the \\'est End Street Railway, the 
Charles River Embankment Company, and other 
land and railroad improvements in Boston and 
vicinity. Mr. Cunnifl" was chairman of the Demo- 
cratic city committee for two years ; chairman 
of the e,\ecutive branch of the Democratic State 



committee two years; and has been a member 
of the State committee fifteen years. He was a 
member of the executive council of Governor 
Ames, 1888, and was renominated, but declined 
the honor, for 1889. He is a director in the 
Mechanics National Bank of Boston, having been 
prominent in its reorganization ; also a trustee in 
the Union Institution for Savings, Boston; a director 
in the Bay State (las Company : is one of the fore- 
most capitalists in the organization of the Boston 
Gas Syndicate, and is largely interested in the gas 
business. He is also a member of several local 
yacht clubs, always having taken a lively interest 
in yachting matters; is a prominent member of 
the Suffolk Club, and of the Charitable Irish 
Society of Boston. He was chief ranger in the In- 
dependent Order of Foresters, and is a member of 
the Protective Order of Elks. He is also a member 
of the Montgomery Light (luard \'eteran ."Xssocia- 
tion, and an honorary memlier of the Kearsarge 




Veterans. Mr. Cunniff was married in Boston, June 
50, 1890, to Miss Jose]>hine McLaughlin, daughter 
of the late Francis McLaughlin. 

Cunningham, Thomas Edward, M.D., son of 
John and Mary (Murphy) Cunningham, was born 
in Prince Edward Island Jan. 5, 1851. His gen- 
eral education was obtained in the schools of his 
native town and at St. Dunstan's College, Charlotte- 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY, 



197 




town, P.E.I. Then he began the study of medicine the active and successful practice of his profes- 
with Dr. Beer of Charlottetovvn, a leading prac- sion in this city, with an office in the Equitable 
titioner of that place, and in 1870 came to Boston. Building. Mr. Curry is a member of the Hull and 
Two years after he entered the Harvard Medical ^ 

School. Graduating in 1876, he established himself 
in Cambridge, and in a few years built up a large 
and successful practice. He is a member of the 
Massachusetts Medical Society, of the Har\-ard Med- 
ical School Association, and of the Cambridge 
Medical Improvement Society. Dr. Cunningham 
has been twice married. His first marriage oc- 
curred in 1S79, to Miss Mary Dooley (deceased) ; 
and the second on Feb. 3, 1891, to Miss Mary 
Kane. He has two children : Edward and 'Hiomas 
Cunningham. 

Currier, Frank D., United States naval officer 
of Customs, was born in Canaan, N.H., Oct. 30, 
1S53. He received his education in the ]iublic 
schools, the Meriden Academy, Meriden, N.H., and 
at Dr. Hixon's school in Lowell, Mass. He studied 
law, first in the office of Pike & Blodgett, and after- 
wards with Ceorge \V. Murray, of Canaan, N.H., 
antl was admitted to the bar from the latter office in 
1874. He began the practice of his profession at 
Canaan, N.H., where he continued >intil appointed 
by President Harrison United States naval officer 
of Customs for the district of Boston and Charles- 
town, Mass., May 19, 1890. He has, for several 
years, been prominent in New Hampshire politics. 
He was a member of the lower house of the Legis- 
lature of that State in 1879 ; clerk of the State senate 
from 1883 to 1886 ; was elected State senator in 1886, 
and upon the organization of that body was chosen 
its president ; was secretary of the New Hampshire 
Republican State committee from 1882 to 1888 in- 
clusive ; and delegate to the national Republican 
convention in 1884. He is a member of Social 
Lodge No. 53, and St. Andrews Royal Arch Chapter 
No. 1, Free Masons, of Lebanon, N.H., and Sul- 
livan (?ommandery Knights Templar of Claremont, 
N.H. 

CURRV, CIkokge E., is a native of Cleveland, Tenn., 
where he was born Feb. 13, 1854. His early edu- 
cation was attained in the local schools. Coming 
to Boston at the age of nineteen, he entered the 
Boston Latin School, and graduated therefrom in 
1878. Then he took the course of the Boston 
University College of Liberal Arts, graduating in 
1881 ; and afterwards entered the Boston University 
Law School, finishing his studies in 1884 and re- 
ceiving his degree. He was admitted to the Suffolk 
bar in February, that year. He has since been in 



Dorchester Va 
In politics he 



GEORGE E CURRY. 



Chibs, and 
Democrat. 



Curtis, Benjamin Rubbins, son of the late Judge 
B. R. Curtis, of the United States Supreme Court, 
was born in Boston June, 1855, and died in this 
city Jan. 25, 1891, when occupying a position on 
the bench of the municipal court. He was a 
worthy son of an eminent father. His early edu- 
cation was received at schools in Boston, and at the 
age of eleven he was entered at the famous -St. 
Paul's School, in Concord, N.H. There he was 
fitted for college, and entering Harvard he gradu- 
ated in the class of 1875, which included an un- 
iisually large number of men who have become 
lifominent in business and professional life. His 
bent was towards literature and law, and while in 
college he was one of the editors of the " Harvard 
Advocate." After two years spent in the Harvard 
Law School, he read law in the office of the Hon. 
Albert Mason, now chief justice of the Superior 
Court, and in 1878 was admitted to practice in the 
courts of the Commonwealth. Before entering the 
Harvard Law School he made a tour of the world, 
and upon his return published the journal of his 
travels in the attractive volume now widely known 



I9S 



BOSTON OF ■ro-nA\'. 



under the title of "Dottings Round the Circle." In 
1879 he was the principal collator of facts for " The 
Life and Writings of B. R. Curtis," his father : in 




the following year he edited " The Jurisdic tinn, 
Practice, and Peculiar Jurisprudence of the Courts 
of the United States;" and in 1885 \ ol. 11. of 
Meyer's "Federal Decisions in Courts." In iSSi 
he was appointed lecturer in the Boston University 
Law School, on jurisdiction of United States courts. 
He was made a judge by Cdxernor Rohinsou, uho 
appointed him tu the municiiial bench in April, 
1886, and at the time of his last short illness he was 
in line for appointment to the superior bench. As 
a judge, dealing with peculiar, trying, and often sad 
cases which come before the lower courts, he was 
just and merciful. Judge Curtis was a member of 
the Somerset, St. Botolph, and Papyrus clubs, and of 
several benevolent and philanthropic organizations. 
He was of a retiring disposition, but not unsocial. 
His friendships were many and strong, and to those 
who were fortunate enough to know him intimatelx' he 
was one of the most companionable of men. He was 
married in 1S77, to Miss Mary G., a daughter of 
Professor Horsford, of Cambridge. His widow and 
three children, a son and two daughters, survixe 
him. 

CusHiNc, Ernest Watson, M.D., son of Thomas 
and Elizabeth (Baldwin) Cushing, was born in Bos- 



ton, Mass., Jan. 17, 1847. The family is well known 
in the early history of Massachusetts, to which 
it came in 1636 from Highani, Eng. He was 
educated in Boston and at Har\ard College, gradu- 
ating from the latter in 1S67. He received his 
degree of M.D. from the College of Physicians and 
Surgeons in New York in 187 1. He was interne in 
Hellevue Hospital in 1871-2, and then studied two 
years in Europe. Returning to Boston, he has prac- 
tised here since 1874. He was physician to the 
l'io-,ton City Hospital, in the department of diseases 
ol the thi(Mt, from 1876 to 1884. In 1885 he again 
Msited i;uro|)e for a year's study, where he devoted 
his attention to bacteriology and especially to 
diseases of women and antiseptic surgery, tfpon 
his return he engaged in special practice, and in 
1886 was appointed surgeon to the Free Surgical 
Hospital for Women, lu 1.S.S7 he founded the 
medical journal " Annals of Cynsecology," now the 
■' Annals of Gynaecology and Ptediatry," of which 
he is editor. In December, 1S90, he was appointed 
siir-eon of the Woman's Cliarity Chili Hospital, 
;m institution de\i.ited es]ieeiall\' to abdominal 
sec lion. A new hospital was built in 1892, from 
desi-n-: by Dr. Cushing. He was secretary of the 
M-< tion for gynjecology of the American Medical 




ERNEST W. GUSHING. 



Association in 18.S7, aiul also of the section I'or 
gynaecology in the Ninth International Medical 
Congress in 1887. He was a delegate to the Tenth 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



[99 



Internatii)iial -\[f(li( :il ('invj,ress at Berlin in 1890, 
ami was the Aincri( an sci retary of the section for 
obstetrics and ,i;\ iKec o]oy:y. He was the Spanish- 
siieaking secretary of the section for gynfecology of 
the Pan-American Medical Congress, Washington, 
in September, 1891. He has translated and pub- 
lished " Pathology and Therapeutics of Diseases of 
A\'omen," by A. Martin, Berlin, with notes and ap- 
pendix by himself ( 1890) ; and he has contributed 
many papers tn xarinus medical and other periodi- 
I .lis, ammin them : " Keiigious Instruction in Public 

1 S,S4 ; "Simspiits and f',]iidenii(s," ■■ Internatinnal 
Review;" ■• Spec iTk and Infectious Nature of Tu- 
berculosis," " llostiiu Medical and Surgical Journal," 
Dec. 10, i8,S5 : •• Relations of Certain Bacteria to 
Puerperal Inflammations," " Physicians' Magazine," 
March, 1886; "Case of Chronic Arsenical Pois- 
oning of suiipused Criminal Nature," Suffoll< 
District Medical Societv. P.oston, February, 1887; 
"Tubal l'iegnanc\, Kuiitiire, Recovery," "Annals 
of Gymecology," February, 1888; "Drainage 
after Abdominal Section," read before Tenth Inter- 
national Medical Congress, Berlin, published in 
'• Annals of Gynecology and Pediatry," Novem- 
ber, 1890; "A Case of K.xtra-Uterine Pregnancy, 
( )peration at the Ninth Month, Recovery," " .Annals 
of Gynaecology and Pa3diatry," January, 1891 ; " ^'a- 
ginal Hysterectomy for Cancer, Report of Twenty- 
one Cases with Nineteen Recoveries," " .\nnals of 
Gynaecology and Paediatry," May, 1891; "Vaginal 
Hysterectomy," New York Medical Society, Albany, 
F"ebruary, 1892. Dr. Gushing lays no claim to 
si)ecial inventions or particular brilliancy of opera- 
tion, but he has endeavored to do clean surgery, and 
has worked hard to do his part in the transfor- 
mation of .surgical and gynfecological practice which 
has taken place since 1884, by taking pains to learn 
what was best and newest, by diligently jiractising 
it to the extent of his aliility, and by diffusing 
siiund teaching anil correct pathology as widely as 



CcsHiNi;, Hknrv Greenwood, sheriff of Middlesex 
county, was born in .Abington, Mass., m 1834. He 
was educated in the public school and the academy 
in Abington, and took a preparatory course for 
college at the ^Villiston Seminary, East Hampton, 
Mass. Deciding, however, to enter mercantile life 
at once, he began in the employ of Chandler & 
Co., dry-goods merchants in this city. After 
several years in their employ, he began the manu- 
facture of boots and shoes in his native town. At 
the outbreak of the Civil War he enlisted in the 



Eighth New Hampshire Volunteers upon its organi- 
zation, November, 1861. He was commissioned 
as second and first lieutenant, and served on staff 
duty under Brig.-Gens. Phelps, Cahill, H. E. 
Paine, and Major- Gen. W. T. Sherman, and 
after two years' service was honorably discharged 
for physical disability contracted by hardships which 
he had suffered. In 1867 he resumed the dry- 
goods business in Chicago, and before the great 
fire there was the head of one of the largest dry- 
goods firms in that city. After the fire he returned 
to Massachusetts, and in 1.S75 was appointed 
deputy sheriff for Middlesex < iiunly, residing 
at Lowell, Mass., under Hun. Charles Kimball, 
sheriff. Sheriff" Kimball died in 1879, and was 
succeeded by Hon. Eben W. Fiske, who appointed 
him special sheriff; and when Sherifl' Fiske died in 
18S4. Mr. CiiNhing was appointed l)y (rov. Butler 
sheriff for the unexpired term. In the election 
in November following he was nominated by 
both political parties for sheriff", and unanimously 
elected : and he still holds the position, having 
been nominated and unanimously elected by all 
political parties for three successive terms. He is 
a member of James A. Garfield Post ijo, (;..\.R., 
Lowell, Mass. ; of the Mass lchIlsett^ ( 'omiiKindery 
Loyal Legion; and the Massachusetts Consistory. 

Clishixl;, Ir.\ PJarkows, M.D., son of Caleb and 
Malinda Peck (Barrows) Gushing, was born in 
Providence, 111., Nov. 20, 1846. His father was a 
native of Massachusetts (born T793; died 1876), 
and removed to Illinois in 1836, where he engaged 
in agricultural pursuits; and his mother (born 
1803 ; died 1870), a native of Pawtucket, R.I., 
was a daughter of William Barrows and sister of 
Doctors Ira Barrows of Providence, R.I., and 
George Barrows of Taunton, Mass., both distin- 
guished physicians and pioneers in the school of 
houKjeopathy. He attended the common schools 
until sixteen years of age, and spent a portion of 
the next two years in the English High School at 
Princeton, 111. Then in 1869 he came East, and 
began the study of medicine in the office of his 
uncle. Dr. Barrows, of Taunton. In the fall of the 
same year he entered the Hahnemann Medical 
College at Philadelphia. Having a liking for 
chemistry, he took a special course in that branch 
under Professor Barker, of Yale, and subse([uently, 
in 1 87 I, during the vacation of the medical school, 
a full course. His third course of lectures, in 
the fall of 1S71 and early winter of 1872, was at 
the New York Homceopathic College, from which 
he graduated in the spring. The summer he spent 



200 BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 

in practising with his uncle in Taunton, and then in iNIiss H. Elizabeth Alden, of Bridgewater, Conn. ; 

the following winter and spring he took a post- they have three children : Ira M., born Aug. 26, 

graduate course in the New York Ophthalmic Hos- 1 S7 5, Maude K., born Dec. 27, 1S77, and Arthur 

pital and College, graduating in 1S73. This fin- .\. Cushing, born Jan. 17, iSSi. 




B. CUSHING. 



ished, he resumed practice with his uncle, making 
a specialty of the eye and ear. In the spring of 
1875 he removed to Brookline, Mass., where he 
became the successor of Dr. Warren Sanford, who 
had succeeded Dr. Wilde, the pioneer of homceop- 
athy in this section. In 1872 he was appointed by 
( lovernor Washburn assistant surgeon to the Third 
Regiment of the Militia, the first of his school ap- 
pointed here to a i)ublic professional position ; he 
served three years. He was the inventor, in 1882, 
of the widely known " Cushing process" for purify- 
ing and refining distilled liquors, the discovery of 
which was the result of his investigation, begun 
some years before, into the effect of air upon 
liquors. It utilizes nature's own means, and con- 
sists of forcing heated atmospheric air — which 
is first purified according to Professor Tyndall's 
method of destroying germs of animalculse — 
through the liquors, thoroughly oxidizing the fusel 
oil and eliminating the poisons. Dr. Cushing has 
been examining surgeon for several benevolent 
organizations. He is a member of the Massachu- 
setts HomcEopathic Society, the Boston Medical 
Society, and the Gynaecological Society. He is a 
Master Mason. He was married Oct. 27, 1874, to 



CrsiiMAN, George Thomas, M.D., was born in 
Dorchester Aug. 31, 1858. He was educated in 
Dorchester schools and in the Harvard Medical 
School, where he graduated in 1S81. He at once 
began the practice of his profession, which he has 
since steadily continued. He is a member of the 
Massachusetts Medical Society and the Suffolk Dis- 
trict Society. He was married Oct. 26, iSSi, 
to Miss Sylvia, daughter of S. 1 ). Bannsdell, of 
( Huncy, also a " descendant of the Mayflower " 
Robert Cushman. 

Cl ni-k, Chaki.ks Kimi'.ai.i., son of Samuel Henry 
and Harriet S. (Blanchard) Cutter, was born in 
.Somer\ille, Mass., March 15, 1851. He graduated 
from 'lufts College in 1872, and the Harvard Medi- 
cal School in 1876, and at once began the practice 
of his profession in Boston. Dr. Cutter paid his 
way through college by teaching, acting as a book 
agent and as insurance agent. During this period he 
was at different times principal of the Green Moun- 
tain Academy, principal of the Franklin Evening 
School here in Boston, and a teacher in Bedford, 
.Mass., and Stafford, Vt. He was a delegate to the 
first single-tax conference, held in New York city 
September, 1890. He is a member of the Massa- 
chusetts Medical Society, the Boston Medical So- 
ciety, and the American Medical Society. He was 
married Oct. 11, 1876, to Annie B. Alexander, 
who died April 14, 1883. On Oct. 22, 1884, he 
was married again, to Carrie M. Sprague. He has 
had two children; I.oring E. (died 1887) and 
Enid J. Cutter. 

CuiTER, Charles R., son of Charles R. and 
.Antoinette P. (Parker) Cutter, was born in Boston 
June 24, 1850. He was educated in the public 
schools, and early entered business life. He began 
work with the Mt. Washington Glass Company, and 
soon went West, spending two years there working 
for contractors. In 1872 he became connected with 
the Boston street department. From 1873 to 18S2 
and from 1883 to 1885 he was foreman in charge of 
street construction in the Dorchester district ; from 
1885 to i89i,in the Roxbury district ; from 18S2 to 
1883 he was assistant superintendent of streets; and 
is now (1892) deputy superintendent of the paving 
division of the department, having the expenditure 
of about two and a half millions in construction of 



DSTON OF TO-DAY. 



20I 



Streets. He is a member of the Boston Society of 
Civil f;ngineers. He is a Mason, a member of the 
(iood Fellows, and of the Order of United Work- 
men. On Jan. iS, 1S87, he was married to Miss 
Cora ],. Hunt. 

CuiTER, Dexter Josi.4h, son of Joseph and Lucy 
Stone (Richardson) Cutter, was born in .Sudbury, 
Mass., Sept. 21, 1S27. His father was a former, and 
the son worked on the farm and attended the public 
schools in Sudbury until he was fourteen years old. 
Afterwards he pursued a course of studies in the 
Wayland Seminary, and also at the Northfield Semi- 
nary, N.H. He began his business career as a 
clerk in the Boston market for three years. Re- 
moving to \\'altham at the age of twenty, he engaged 
with the Boston Manufacturing Company there. 
After serving a year he was promoted to the position 
of overseer, which he held for nearly three years, when 
he was made book-keeper and paymaster of the com- 
liany. He held this position for twenty-two years, 
being in the employ of the company twenty-five 
years. Impaired health comi)elled him to engage 
in more active duties outside of an office, and, re- 
signing his position, he removed to Boston in Jan- 
uary, 1882, when he purchased of Messrs. Castner, 
Stickney, & Wellington the coal wharf and busi- 
ness at Commercial point, Dorchester district, 
formerly owned and operated by William H. Floyd. 
Mr. Cutter has since continued in the coal and wood 
business, increasing tlic trade over four hundred per 
cent, in a few years. ( )n June 12, 1851, he married 
Miss Sarah Bemis Stearns, daughter of Ephraim 
Stearns, of Waltham. They have had five children, 
four of whom are now living : Frank Ware, the 
eldest, Lticy Richardson, Elizabeth Learoyd (de- 
ceased), Walter Hill, and Ann Eliza Cutter. Frank 
W. married Miss Mary Gilbert, of Waltham, Lucy R. 
married William B. Everett, Walter H. married 
Miss Carrie Carr, and Ann E. married Carlton 
Blanchard. All reside in the Dorchester district. 
Mr. Cutter is a Republican. He never held or asjiired 
to public office. He is a member of the Unitarian 
church, Dorchester district. 

CrriKK, Leonard R., son of Daniel and Snlly 
(Jones) Cutter, was born in Jaffrey, N.H., July i, 
1825. His education was acquired in the public 
schools, and the academy of his native town. Until 
twenty years of age his time not devoted to study — 
with the exception of three terms of winter school- 
teaching — was spent on the farm. Then, in 1S45, 
he came to ISoston and found employment in a 
general grocery store. After six years' service here 



as clerk he went into business for himself, in which 
he continued for ten years. Subsequently he 
engaged in the real-estate business. He was early 
associated with city business, first as an assessor in 
1859. This continued for three years. Ten years 
later he was elected to the board of aldermen, his 
service beginning in 1871.. Repeatedly reelected, he 
was a member of the board from that time to 1874 
inclusive, serving as chnirni:iii one year, and as acting 
mayor the List nmnth of 1M7;,, the mayor having 
resigned. Later he was a member of the water 
board six years (chairman four years) and water 
commissioner eight years, retiring in 1883. Mr. 
Cutter was married in Brighton in 1852, to Miss 
Merr\-, (laughter of Phineas Taylor; they have 
two daughters : Agnes E. and Emma A. Cutter. 



r^ABNEV, Lewis S., son of Frederick and Roxana 
^-^ (Stackpole) Dabney, both natives of the LInited 
States, was born at Fayal, Azores, Dec. 21,1 840. The 
father was vice-consul of the Azores for a number of 
years, and died there in 1857. I.ewis S. entered Har- 
vard in 1 85 7 and graduated in 1 86 1 . He studied law 
with Horace Gray and Charles F. Blake, and was 
admitted to the bar in February, 1863. He was a 




LEWIS S. DABNEI 



member of the Second Massachusetts Cavalry, serv- 
ing in the Civil War from November, 1862, to Jan- 
uary, 1865, being mustered out as captain of cavalry 



HOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



in the Second Regiment, having passed through 
the grades of first and second lieutenant. In 1865 
Mr. Dabney began the practice of law in Bos- 
ton, and has continued to the present time. He 
was assistant United States attorney in 1866 under 
R. H. Dana, until the latter's resignation — about six 
months. In politics he is Republican, and in 
religion Unitarian. He is a member of the Somer- 
set, .-Athletic, Country, and Beverly Yacht Clubs. 
Mr. Dabney was married .April 22, 1867, to Clara, 
daughter of the late Chief Justice Bigelow, and has 
three children, two sons and one daughter. 

Dabnev, William H., son of William H. and 
Mary A. D. (Parker) Dabney, was born in f'ayal, 
Azores, April 8, 1855. His education was attained 
at Teneriffe, Canary Islands, and here in Boston, in 
the Institute of Technology, from which he gradu- 
ated in 1875. He began the practice of his profes- 
sion as a draughtsman in the office of the 
Manufacturers Mutual Fire Insurance Company, in 
this city. Here he remained twelve years, mean- 
while occasionally doing some work on his own 
account, drawing plans for several mills and other 
structures. In i8go he formed a partnership witli 
H. B. Ball, when the architectural firm of Hall tV- 
Dabney was established. Mr. Dabney is a memlier 
of the Young Men's DennH ratic Chib. 

Dalk, William J., jr., son of Dr. William J. 
Dale, a distinguished physician of Boston and after- 
wards surgeon-general of Massachusetts (appointed 
to that office by Governor Andrew, and continued in 
it for nearly a score of years after the close of the 
war), was born in Boston April 15, 1850. When 
the war ended Surgeon-General Dale moved to the 
ancestral homestead in North Andover, a farm of 
several hundred acres, which had been in the pos- 
session of the Dale family since 1636, and here 
William J., jr., has for most of the time since lived. 
He has been a member of the school committee of 
Andover, serving several terms as chairman ; and a 
member of the board of selec tnien, of which he was 
also several years chairman. In December, 1886, 
he was appointed assistant postmaster of Boston, 
under Postmaster Corse, assuming the duties of that 
office on the ist of January, 1887. Here he re- 
mained until the change of administration, and the 
incoming of Postmaster Hart. At the opening of 
the present year (1892) he was appointed by Gov- 
ernor Russell to the board of railroad commission- 
ers. For a number of years he was president of the 
Exeter Manufacturing Company of Exeter, N.H., 
manufacturers of cotton goods ; and he has been 



one of the directors of the Music Hall Association 
of Boston. He is a member of the First Corps of 
Cadets, of which his maternal grandfather, Colonel 
Joseph H. .Adams, was at one time commander. 
On Nov. 26, 1891, Mr. Dale was married, at 
Boxford, to Miss Elise M. Ballou, daughter of 
Murray Ballou, chairman of the Boston Stock E^x- 
change. 

Daly, James Mo.vroe, was born in Salisbury, 
Vt., Dec. 23, 1829. His boyhood was passed in 
the towns of Middlebury and Bristol, and at sixteen 
he came to Boston, where he finished his education. 
Choosing dentistry as his profession, he began his 
studies in the office of Dr. John Sabine, at No. 
5 Franklin street. At twenty-two he began practice 
on his own account, and since that time has enjoyed 
a successful and prosperous career. In 1870 he 
graduated with honors from the Boston Dental Col- 
lege. He has been conspicuous in many well-known 
organizations. He was one of the corporators of 




JAMES M. DALY. 

the Dental College, and is at ]iresent one of its 
trustees. His oldest son, James H. Daly, is now a 
professor in that institution. 

Dallinger, William W., treasurer of city of 
Cambridge, was born in Cambridge in 1840. His 
fother was a native of England, and his mother ol 
Massachusetts. He was educated in the public 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



'-o^ 



schools. After leaving school he went into the 
wholesale boot and shoe business as clerk, and re- 
mained in it until 1878, when he was elected city 
treasurer of Cambridge, which position he has held 
ever since. He is a member of the Knights of 
Honor and Legion of Honor. He is married and 
has a family. 

Damon, George Leonard, son of Leonard and 
Elizabeth P. (Linfield) Damon, was born in Stough- 




GEORGE L. DAMON. 

ton, Mass., July 15, 1843. He comes of a sturdy 
New England ancestry. His father was long a 
prosperous trader in Stoughton and Boston. He 
attended the public schools in Stoughton until he 
was t\VL-l\ e vears old, when the family moved to 
East Bdstcin, ami there his early education was com- 
pleted in the Adams School, from which he gradu- 
ated at the age of eighteen. Then his school days 
were ended and work was begun. As he grew 
older the bent of his mind carried him away from 
mercantile pursuits and into the field of mechanics, 
which he chose for his lifework. He apprenticed 
himself to Harrison Loring, the South Boston ship- 
builder, to learn that business, and while performing 
every duty faithfully during the day, he attended 
school and studied draughting in the evening. At 
this time his special aim was to qualify himself for 
a mechanical engineer, and with this end in view he 
made a careful study of the construction of marine 



engines, the building of vessels, and of all kinds 
of iron-steamship work. Just before he completed 
his apprenticeship he received a flattering offer from 
Charles Staples & Son, of Portland, Me., who had ob- 
tained a contract for several light-draught monitors. 
This he accepted, and he remained in Portland until 
the great fire of 1866 destroyed the works of 
Staples & Son and caused him to look elsewhere for 
congenial work. He soon settled upon the safe- 
business, forming a copartnership with James Wil- 
son, of Boston. The firm bought the tools and 
plant of the Tremont Safe Company, and with these 
began the manufacture of safes. At the end of two 
and a half years he was urged again to enter the 
employ of Staples & Son, of Portland, and the finan- 
cial considerations being made satisfactory, he sold 
out to the .American Steam Safe Company, who had 
also just purchased the safe business of the old firm 
of Denio &: Roberts. .Another period of two years 
was passed in Portland, during which he did a large 
amount of special designing and added to his repu- 
tation as a mechanical engineer. In 1870 he was 
offered a yearly salary of six thousand dollars for 
three years by the .American Safe Company, to take 
charge of their manufacturing department. This 
offer he accepted, and his management resulted in a 
large increase of production. This situation was 
held until the stoppage of the business, owing to the 
conduct of Abram Jackson, the president. While 
here Mr. Damon patented and brought out several 
locks and other devices for safe-construction, which 
proved quite remunerative; and when, in 1874, the 
entire plant of the American Steam Safe Company 
was off"ered for sale he was able to purchase it out- 
right. His business has steadily increased. He 
has constructed vaults for nearly all the banks and 
safe deposit companies of Boston, and probably 
ninety per cent, of the work of this character in 
New England. Perhaps the most responsible piece 
of work which ever passed through his hands 
was in the '70's, when Secretary Bristow quietly 
ordered him to remodel the treasury vaults at New 
York. All of the labor had to be performed outside 
of business hours, and although none of the valuables 
were removed, and nearly one hundred million 
dollars were stored in the vaults, he safely accom- 
plished the task without a cent of loss and to the 
great satisfaction of the secretary. The numerous 
safes and vaults in the great Exchange Building on 
State street were placed by Mr. Damon, the contract 
exceeding two hundred thousand dollars. In addi- 
tion to his immense safe-business Mr. Damon has be- 
come interested in a branch of the photographic art, 
and is proprietor of the Harvard Dry Plate Company 



204 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



of Cambridgeport. During his residence in Soutli 
Boston, some years ago, he served one year as a 
member of the common council. For several years 
he has been a trustee of the Home Savings Bank, 
and is now a member of the executive committee. 
Mr. Damon was married in Lynn Nov. 25, 1868, to 
Miss Arolyn P., daughter of Nehemiah Leavitt, a 
substantial farmer and civil engineer of Sherman, 
Me. 

Damrell, Chari.ks S., son of John S. and Susan 
E. Damrell, was born in Boston Sept. i, 1858. He 
was educated in the public schools, after which he 
took an advanced course. In 1876 he entered the 
office of his fiither in the management of real estate, 
and in 1878 was appointed to a clerkship in the 
city department for the inspection of buildings. 
Beginning at the lowest grade of clerkship, he has 
succeeded in advancing himself to the position of 
clerk of the department, which he now holds (1892 ). 
Mr. Damrell is a Royal Arch Mason, past noble 
grand of Odd F'ellows, a member of the Order of 
Red Men, and other social orders ; and of the Ath- 
letic Club. He is married to a New Bedford lady 
(granddaughter of Thomas E. Clark), and has two 
daughters. He resides in Boston. 

Damrell, Icihx Sianhopr, son of Samuel and .Ann 
(Stanhope) Damrell, was born in Boston June 29, 
1828. He was educated in the public schools of 
Boston and Cambridge. His first connection in 
business was with Isaac Melvin, of Cambridge, to 
whom he was apprenticed to learn the trade of a 
carpenter. He then came to Boston as a master 
builder, and in 1856 formed a partnership with 
James Long, which continued until 1874. During 
an interregnum of three years he made no con- 
tracts, by reason of attachments on account of his 
connection with the explosion of buildings with 
powder at the great Boston fire in 1872, when he 
was chief engineer of the fire department. ■ To that 
position he was elected in 1868, and he held it 
continuously until 1874, when the fire department 
was placed under a commission. From boyhood 
he had taken an interest in fire matters, his father 
and brother being members of the department. In 
1848 he joined "Hero Engine Company, No. 6," 
and continued through all the grades of membership 
and official position until 1858, when he was elected 
assistant engineer. It was from this position that 
he was raised to that of chief engineer. In the de- 
partment Captain Damrell performed conspicuous 
service. He has been conceded to be a master of 
the science of the extinguishment of fires, and an 



expert of advanced ideas connected with that 
important service. He was unanimously elected 
president of a convention of chief engineers called 




JOHN S. DAMRELL. 

at Baltimore in 1874 in consequence of the sweep- 
ing conflagrations that had taken place in the cities 
of Portland, Chicago, and Boston. He was first 
president of the Massachusetts State Firemen's 
Association. He has also served as president of the 
Firemen's Charitable Association, the Boston Fire- 
men's Mutual Relief Association, the Boston \'et- 
eran Firemen's Association, and is to-day actively 
connected with these and kindred organizations. 
He is president of the Boston Firemen's Cemetery 
Association and chairman of the executive commit- 
tee to erect a monument to firemen. He has 
also been connected with the State militia, serving 
as lieutenant of the old Mechanic Rifles of Boston ; 
is an honorary member of the National Lancers ; 
and has been a member of the Ancient and Honor- 
able Artillery. During the war he performed pa- 
triotic service under Governor Andrew and Mayor 
Lincoln of Boston, in filling the quota of men 
allotted to the city. He is a member of the Knights 
of Honor, Royal Arcanum, Odd Fellows, (lood 
Tem]ilars, and is a Mason of the thirty-second de- 
gree. He has been, since its organization, president 
of the supreme parliament of the Golden Rule Alli- 
ance. For the past fifteen years he has been a 
trustee of the State School for the Feeble-Minded. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



i05 



In 1877 he was appointed inspector of buildings, 
wliich office he still holds. His church connections 
have long been with the Methodist Episcopal 
church, and he has served for twenty-three consecu- 
tive years as superintendent of a Sunday-school. He 
has received during his career a large number of 
interesting and valuable presents from his com- 
rades, the city authorities, and the general public. 
Captain Damrell was married April 11, 1850, at 
Cambridge, to Miss Susan Emily, daughter of John 
Hill ; they have had five children : Eliza Ann, John 
K. S., Carrie M., Charles S., and Susan Emily Dam- 
rell, of whom only the two sons are now living. 

Davis, Samuki, Ai.oxzu, M.D., son of Samuel and 
Olive (Holmes) Davis, was born in Bridgton, Me., 
in 1837. He was educated in the village schools 
and Bridgton Academy, Bowdoin College, and the 
Harvard Medical School. He met the expense of 
his college training by teaching. He began the 
practice of his profession in 1862, establishing him- 
self in Charlestown. In August of the same year 
he entered the Union army, and served through the 
war; mustered out in 1866. He was engaged in 
many of the battles — at Port Hudson, Donaldson- 
ville, Fisher's Hill, Cedar Creek, and was at Win- 




chester when Sheridan made his famous ride from 
" twenty miles away." After the war he returned 
to Charlestown and resumed r)ractice : and there he 



has since remained. He is a member of the 
Massachusetts Medical Society, the Harvard Med- 
ical Society, the Royal Arcanum, Masonic order, 
and Home Circle. He was married in Boston 
in 1870, to Miss Ella, daughter of the Rev. Dr. 
Cushman. 

Davis, Thomas W., city surveyor of Boston for 
twenty-six years, son of Joseph and Mary (Wood) 
Davis, was born in Templeton, Mass. He was edu- 
cated in the Rensselaer Institute of Troy, N.Y., 
and the Lawrence Scientific School at Cambridge. 
He was city surveyor of Boston from 1866 to April, 
1892, when he declined longer to serve. From 
1863 to 1866 he was assistant city engineer, and 
previous to 1863 was for several years an assistant 
in the office of the city engineer. He is a member 
of the Boston Society of Civil Engineers. 

Dav, Alhf.rt, was born in \\'ells, Me., C^ct. 15, 
1 82 1. When a boy he was obliged to give almost 
his entire time to working on the farm, and could 
attend the district school only during a jaart of the 
winter months. W^ien he was but thirteen years 
old his father died, and he went out in the world to 
make his own way. He first found employment 
with Dr. Jacob Fisher in Wells, and two years later 
he bound himself as apprentice to learn a trade, in 
the town of Sanford. Here he worked days and 
studied nights to obtain the education he craved. 
When yet a lad he became interested in the tem- 
perance cause, and worked and spoke in its behalf. 
In 1850 he settled in Lowell, Mass., and two years 
later came to Boston. In 1856 he was elected 
to the lower house of the Legislature, where he in- 
troduced measures looking to the establishment of 
an asylum for the care and cure of inebriates, his 
pet idea from boyhood. In 1857 the Washingto- 
nian Home was organized, and Albert Day was se- 
lected as superintendent. Realizing the importance 
of his position, and desiring to fortify himself for 
all emergencies, he entered the Harvard Medical 
School and obtained a medical education. Dr. 
Day remained as superintendent of the Washing- 
tonian Home for eleven years, and then was called 
to the Asylum at Binghamton, N.Y., where he re- 
mained three years. Returning to Massachusetts he 
established a private retreat at Greenwood. This 
was burned out four years later. An imperative call 
for his return to the conduct of the Washingtonian 
Home being made, in 1875 he again assumed the 
duties of superintendent and physician of that in- 
stitution, which position he still holds. It is now 
one of the most successful institutions of the kind 



!06 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



in the country. Dr. Day has been a frequent con- 
tributor to temperance journals, and he is the author 
of " Methomania." 

Dkan, Benjamin, son of Benjamin and Alice 
Dean, was born in Clitheroe, Lancashire, Eng., 
Aug. 14, 1824. He was one of a family of ten 
children, — five boys and five girls, — all of whom 
lived to pass the meridian of life. When five years 
of age he came to this country with his parents, who 
settled in Lowell, Mass. There he received his 
early education, graduating from the Lowell High 
School in 1840. He then entered Dartmouth Col- 
lege, remaining through the freshman year. He 
began the study of law with Judge Thomas Hopkin- 
son, of Lowell, and in 1845 was admitted to the bar, 
and began practice in Lowell with James Dinsmore, 
where he remained until 1852. He then removed 
to Boston, and became a partner of Henry H. 
Fuller. Mr. Fuller dying soon after the partnership, 
the business fell to Messrs. Dean and Dinsmore, 
who carried it on several years, after which Mr. 
Dean assumed it alone. In 1862 and 1863, and 
again in 1869, Mr. Dean was a member of the State 
senate. He served on the committee of probate 
and chancery, was chairman of the joint committee 
on prisons, and of the joint special committee on the 
serving of processes on volunteers, was a member 
of those on the eligibility of members of Congress, 
and on proceedings for the restraint of the in- 
sane, hi 1869, when Francis A. Dewey was elevated 
to the judiciary of the Superior Court, Mr. Dean, 
although a Democrat, was made chairman of the 
committee on the judiciary. He was also chairman 
of the joint standing committee on the library, and 
a member of the special committee on the license 
law. He was a member of the common council 
of Boston in 1865, 1866, 1872, and 1873, where 
he continuously held the chairmanship of committee 
on ordinances. He served his Congressional dis- 
trict (the third Massachusetts) in the forty-fifth 
Congress. His seat was contested, but he was 
declared elected. Since 1854 Mr. Dean has been 
a prominent member and officer in the order of 
Free Masonry. He is deputy for Massachusetts, of 
the supreme council of the Ancient Accepted 
Scottish Rite for the Northern Masonic Jurisdiction 
of the L'nited States. Of the grand commandery 
for Massachusetts and Rhode Island he was grand 
commander from 187 1 to 1873, and from 1880 to 
1883 he was grand master of the grand encamp- 
ment of the Knights Templar of the United States. 
He has been one of the directors for the public 
institutions of Boston, a trustee of the South Boston 



.Savings Bank, a director of the South Boston Rail- 
road Corporation, president of the South Boston 
Gas Company, and chairman of the board of park 
commissioners of Boston. Mr. Dean is an expert 
yachtsman, and for several years was commodore of 
the Boston Yacht Club. He married in Lowell, in 
1848, Mary A., daughter of J. B. French. Mr. 
French had been a county commissioner of the 
city of Lowell, president of the Northern Railroad 
of New Hampshire, mayor of the city of Lowell, 
and at the time of his death was president of the 
.\ppleton National Bank of that city. The children 
of this union were six, five of whom are living : 
Benjamin Wheelock, Walter Loftus, Josiah Stevens, 
Clitheroe (now Mrs. C. L. James), and Mary (Mrs. 
Walter Tufts) Dean. Mr. Dean has two brothers 
living, one of them, Peter Dean, president of the 
Merchants Exchange Bank of San Francisco, Cal., 
who has been a president of the Society of Pioneers 
and a member of the State senate of California. He 
is a Forty-nine-er. 

Df.ax, Jusiah S., son of Benjamin Dean, was born 
.May II, i860. His early education was attained 
in the Boston public schools. He spent one year 
in the Institute of Technology, read law in his 
father's office, and attended both the Boston 
University Law School and the Harvard Law 
School. He was admitted to the bar in January, 
1885, and was then associated for a year or more 
with L. S. Dabney, as attorney for the South 
Boston Railway Company. He is now (1892) as- 
sociated with his father at No. 28 State street. In 
1890 and 1 89 1 he was elected a member of the 
common council from Ward 14, on the Demo- 
cratic ticket. He takes an active interest in 
athletic sports, is a member of the Boston Athletic 
x\ssociation, the Boston Bicycle, the Puritan, the 
Canoe, and the Young Men's Democratic Clubs ; 
and he is one of the editors of the " Bicycling 
World." 

De.arh(irx, Charles Ehenezer, son of Ebenezer 
and Hannah (Dyson) Dearborn, was born in 
Nashua, N.H., Feb. 28, 1820. He was educated 
in the Nashua Academy, when David Crosby was 
principal, and at Dartmouth College, from which he 
graduated in 1842. Coming to Boston he studied 
dentistry with Dr. Willard \V. Codman on Boylston 
street, and then began the practice of his profes- 
sion here. He was associated with Dr. Daniel 
Harwood for ten years, and with Dr. David M. 
Parker for thirty-five years. Dr. Dearborn was 
married April 30, 1857, to Miss Caroline M. Law- 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



207 



rente ; they have two children : 
Henrv M. Dearborn. 



Edward E. and 



Dennison, George, was born in Dorchester Feb. 
23, 1853, and still resides in that district. He was 
educated in the public schools, and started out in 
life as a clerk in an insurance office, remaining 
there for four years. He was then in mercantile 
business for two years, the conveyancer's business 
fifteen years, and assistant manager in the Boston 
office of the Equitable Mortgage Co. of Kansas 
t'ity, Mo., three years. He established business 
for himself in real estate, mortgages, insurance, and 
investment securities, Jan. i, 1890, with office at No. 
113 Devonshire street. He has the charge and 
management of much trust proi)erty in Boston, and 
is also interested in developments in Sioux City, la. 
He is a member of the Boston Chamber of Com- 
merce, of the Real Estate Exchange and .\uction 
Board, the Boston Board of Fire Underwriters, is 
secretary and treasurer of the Sioux City Land Co., 
secretary of the American Security and Trust Co. 
of Sioux City, la., vice-president of the Nickel Plate 
Mining Co. of Aurora, Mo., a notary public and 
justice of the peace. He is also a member of the 
Massachusetts Yacht Club. 

Dkvens, Charles, son of Charles antl Mary 
(Lithgow) Devens, was born in Charlestown .^iiril 
4, 1S20; died in Boston January, 1891. He was 
a State senator at twenty-eight. United States mar- 
shal at thirty, a major-general during the Civil 
^Var, a justice of the Superior Court, United States 
attorney-general and justice of the Massachusetts 
Supreme Judicial Court at two different periods, an 
able jurist, and an eloquent and finished orator. 
His father was a leading citizen of Charlestown, and 
his mother was a daughter of Col. Arthur Lithgow, 
of Augusta, Me. His great-grandfather, Richard 
Devens, was of the " Committee of Safety," and a 
veteran of the Revolution of considerable local emi- 
nence. Carefully trained for college, he entered 
Harvard at the age of fourteen, and was graduated 
in the class of 1838. Then he pursued his law 
studies in the law department of the university, and 
in the Boston office of Hubbard & Watts, and 
was admitted to practice in 1841. He established 
himself in Franklin county, first residing in North- 
field and subsequently in Greenfield, where he 
remained until 1849; the last two years of his 
residence in that district representing it in the 
State senate. At the close of his term he was 
appointed United States marshal for the district of 
Massachusetts, which office he held from 1849 to 



1853. It was during his service as marshal, in 
1S51, that the fugitive slave Thomas F. Simms was 
returned to slavery — a deed which greatly excited 
many citizens and brought upon him their severest 
censure. "We do not believe," writes one of his 
eulogists, " that the United States marshal acted 
with 'alacrity.' No doubt 'his soul abhorred the 
deed, and consented not,' even while his official 
arm performed it." Three or four years after- 




CHARLES DEVENS. 

wards he strove, through the colored preacher, the 
Rev. A. L. Grimes, to obtain freedom for Simms, 
offering personally to defray the entire expense ; but 
the effort proved fruitless. And again, when he 
learned that Lydia Maria Child was endeavoring to 
raise a fund for the slave's redemption, he made 
another effort with a similar offer ; but the war came 
before the negotiations were completed. ^ Subse- 
quently he aided Simms pecuniarily to establish 
himself in civil life, and when attorney-general 
appointed him to a place which he was able to fill 
in the department of justice. On retiring from the 
marshalship, Mr. Devens resumed the practice of 
his profession, making his home in Worcester. 
When the war broke out he accepted the position of 
major, commanding an independent battalion of 
rifles, and remained with it about three months. 
Then, in July, 1861, he was made colonel of the 
Fifteenth Regiment, which was recruited in Worces- 
ter county, and on the 8th of August left with it for 



2o8 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



the seat of war. He ser\'ed with this command 
until 1S62, and was wounded in the battle of fiall's 
Bluff. Then he was made a brigadier-general, and 
commanded a brigade during the Pennsylvania 
campaign. He was disabled by a wound at Fair 
Oaks, and participated in the battles of Antietam 
and Fredericksburg. In 1863 he commanded a 
division in the Eleventh Corps at the battle of 
Chancellorsville, and was again wounded, this time 
severely. Recovering, he returned to the field in 
1S64, was appointed to the command of a division 
in the eighteenth army corps, and his troops were 
the first to occupy Richmond upon its fall. For 
gallantry and good conduct at this capture he was 
breveted major-general. He remained another 
year in the service, in command of the district of 
Charleston, S.C., and in June, 1866, he was mus- 
tered out of service at his own request. Then he 
at once resumed the practice of law at Worcester. 
In April, 1867, he was appointed by Governor 
Bullock one of the justices of the Superior Court, 
and in 1S73 he was promoted by Governor Wash- 
burn to the supreme bench. This seat he resigned 
in 1877 to accept the position of attorney-general 
of the United States in the cabinet of President 
Hayes. At the close of his term in 18S1 he 
returned to Massachusetts, and was soon again 
appointed to the supreme bench, this time by 
(lovernor Long, to fill the vacancy caused by the 
resignation of Mr. Justice Soule. This position he 
held at the time of his death. His most notable 
addresses on public occasions were the oration at 
the centennial celebration of the battle of Bunker 
Hill, at the dedication of the soldiers' monuments in 
Boston and in Worcester, on the deaths of General 
Meade and General Grant, and at the celebration 
of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the 
founding of Harvard College, on which occasion he 
presided. Cleneral Devens was never married. 

Df.vink, William Hknrv, M.D., son of William 
Devine, of South Boston, was born there July 22, 
i860. He was educated in the public grammar, 
high, and Latin schools, and graduated from Har- 
vard M.D. in 1883. He was then house officer 
at Carney Hospital one year. The same year he 
was commissioned assistant surgeon of the Ninth 
Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Militia, and 
the following year was ap))ointed surgeon. He was 
appointed physician to the Suffolk County House 
of Correction in 1886. There he served until 1S89, 
when he resigned. Then he became out-patient 
physician to Carney Hospital, which position he 
still holds. He is a member of the Massachusetts 



Medical Society and the South Boston Medical Club. 
He has occasionally contributed to the medical 
journals. Dr. Devine was married June 11, 18S9, 
to Miss Catherine G., daughter of Barry Sullivan, of 
South Boston. 

Dkwkv, Hf.nrv Sweetskr, was born in Hanover, 
N.H., Nov. 9, 1856. His ancestors were among 
the earliest settlers of Massachusetts, for he is a 
direct lineal descendant of Thomas Dewey, from 
Sandwich, county of Kent, Eng., who settled in 
Dorchester as early as 1633, and, on the ma- 
ternal side, of Seth Sweetser, from Tring, Hert- 
fordshire, Eng., who was a resident of Charles- 
town in 1637. His father was Maj. Israel Otis 
Dewey, in early life a merchant in Hanover, where 
he held many positions of honor, both State and 
Federal, and afterwards a paymaster in the Ignited 
States army. His mother was Susan Augusta, daugh- 
ter of Gen. Henry Sweetser, of Concord, N.H. 
Mr. Dewey's boyhood and youth were passed prin- 
cipally in the Southern and Western States, at various 
places where his father was stationed. He gradu- 
ated from Dartmouth in 1878, and received the 
degree of A.M. from the same institution in 18.S1. 
In college he was a member of the Alpha Delta Phi 
Society. Soon after his graduation he was appointed 
paymaster's clerk in the United States army, and 
while serving in this capacity came to Boston, in 
.■\ugust, 1878, where he has since resided. In 1880 
he resigned his position as paymaster's clerk, and 
studied law in the Boston LTniversity Law School 
and in the office of A. A. Ranney. He received 
the degree of LL.B. from the law school, and was 
admitted to the Suffolk bar in June, i88t. Since 
that time he has been actively engaged in the 
practice of his profession in Boston. He was a 
member of the First Corps of Cadets from June 1 1, 
1880, imtil Feb. 26, 1889, when he was commis- 
sioned judge-advocate on the staff of the First 
Brigade Massachusetts Volunteer Militia, with rank 
of captain, which position he now holds. He has 
been justice of the peace and notary public sime 
1882 ; was a member of the Republican ward and 
city committee of Boston from 1884 to :888 ; was 
a member of the common council of Boston in 
1885, 1886, and 1887 ; and was a member of the 
lower house of the Legislature from the Twenl\- 
first Suffolk District in 1889, 1890, and 1891, serv- 
ing as chairman of the committee on the judiciary 
during the last two years. He is a member of the 
Military Order of the Loyal Legion, and of the 
Algonquin, Athletic, Roxbury, and Curtis Clubs of 
Boston. 




lir 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



209 



Dexiek, Wallace D., was born in Boston Sept. 
15, 1852, and was educated in the public schools 
of Newton. He was a member of the firm of Dex- 
ter Bros., dealers in paints, oils, etc., from 1875 
to 1889, and owing to the t\tcnsi\x' business of the 
concern he formed a large business acquaintance 
among the real-estate owners and buyers. In 1890 
he withdrew from this connection and entered the 
real-estate Imsiness at No. 14 Kilby street. Resid- 
ini; in I'.rm .klme, he has made Brookline property 
somewhat a ^l>c(■ialty, although doing a general busi- 
ness in other suburbs and in Boston. In a short 
time he has built up a good clientage and taken a 
leading position among the real-estate men of the 
city. He is an active member of the Real Kstate 
Exchange. 

DicKiNSiix, Marijiis Favejie, jr., eldest son of 
Maninis F. and Hannah (Williams) Dickinson, was 
born in Aniliirst, Mass., Jan. 16, 1840. He re- 




MARQUIS F. DICKINSON, JR. 

ceived his early education in the common schools 
of his native town, at Amherst and Monson Acade- 
mies, and Williston Seminary, luisthaiupton, from 
which he graduated in the class ut 1X58. He 
entered Amherst College in the same year, graduat- 
ing therefrom in 1862, having one of the three 
highest of the commencement appointments. After 
teaching classics in Williston Seminary for three 
years, 1862-5, he studied law with \\'ells & Soule, 



Springfield, at the Harvard Law School, 1866-7, 
and with Hon. George S. Hillard, of Boston. He 
was assistant United States attorney from 1869 to 
1 87 I. He then became a member of the law firm 
of Hillard, Hyde, & Dickinson, the style subse- 
quently changing to the well-known firm of Hyde, 
Dickinson, & Howe. IVIr. Dickinson was a member 
of the Boston common council in 1871 and 1872, 
holding the office of president of that body during 
the latter year. He was a trustee of the Boston 
Pul)li<- Library in 1871; has been a trustee of the 
Williston Seiiiinarv since 1872 ; and one of the over- 
seers of the < liarit\- fund of Amherst College since 
1877. He was a lecturer on law as applied to rural 
affairs in the Massachusetts Agricultural College, 
187 1-7; author of "Legislation on the Hours of 
Labor," 187 1; and of the "Amherst Centennial 
Address," 1876. Mr. Dickinson is at present 
(1892) one of the counsel for the West End Street 
Railway Company, his especial work being the de- 
fence of their accident cases in court. Mr. Dickin- 
son was married at Easthampton Nov. 23, 1864, to 
Ccrilia R., adoiited daughter of Samuel and Emily 
(Craves) Williston. Of his three children only one 
is living, — Charles, — Williston and Florence hav- 
nig de( eased. He has an adopted daughter, Jennie 
Couden Dickinson, daughter of his deceased sister. 

Du.i.AWAV, William Kdwarh Lovell, son of Will- 
iam S. and Ann Maria (Brown) Dillaway, was born 
in Boston Feb. 17, 1852. He was educated in 
the Boston grammar schools and the English High 
School, under Master Thomas Sherwin. He at- 
tended the Harvard Law School, and took a private 
( oiiisr under a tutor at Harvard College. He also 
studied law with A. A. Ranney and Nathan Morse, 
and was admitted to the bar on Feb. 17, 1873, his 
twenty-first birthday. For a few years he was asso- 
ciated with Messrs. Ranney and Morse, engaging 
actively in the trial of many large and important 
( aiisfs. Then he formed a copartnership with C. 
1. C.iUagher, under the firm name of Dillaway & 
(iallagher, which c ontinued until 1S77. Since then 
he has been alone, largely in corjioration |)ractice. 
He is now counsel for several large cur]iorations in 
Boston and New \i<vk, and is a ilirertor in many 
corporations in this State and in the West, where 
he has large interests. He was the princijjal coun- 
sel tortile r.a\ State ( las Company and the West 
End Street Railway Company in all their legislative 
matters, and in bringing about the reorganization 
and consolidation of the various gas-companies and 
street-railway companies of this city. At pres- 
ent he is withdrawn from general practice, and is 



BOSTON OF '10-DAY. 



engaged only in personal and corporation matters. 
While at the bar his practice was among the largest 
of the younger men, and was very lucrative. He 
was selected by Mayor O'Brien to deliver the ora- 
tion at the celebration of the one hundred and 
twelfth anniversary of American independence in 
this city, and his effort on this occasion called forth 
general commendation. He is an extensive col- 
lector of books, bronzes, etchings, and prints. Mr. 
Dillaway was married June i6, 1874, to Miss Ger- 
trude St. Clair Eaton ; they have no children. 

DisBROW, Robert, M.D., son of the late Rev. Noah 
Disbrow, of South Boston, was born in St. John, 
N.B., Feb. 8, 1842. He was educated in the local 
schools of the provinces and in the Harvard Medical 
School, from which he graduated M.D. in 1865. 
Then he went into the army as acting assistant sur- 
geon in charge of the One Hundred and Ninth 
United States colored infantry, where he served seven 
months. He settled in Boston in November, 1865. 
He was in that year appointed district physician to 
the Boston Dispensary, and ser\ed four years in the 
Fort Hill district. Since that time he has been 
one of the house physicians to the Dispensary. He 
is a member of the .Massachusetts Medical Society, 
a life member of the Scots Charitable Society, and 
a member of the British Charitable Society. He 
is past chief of the order of Scottish Clans. Dr. 
Disbrow was married in 1884. Two of his brothers 
also graduated from Harvard M.D. : one is settled 
in New Brunswick, and the other is now deceased. 

Dn-.soN, OuvKR, son of Joseph and Lucy (Pierce) 
Ditson, was born in Boston Oct. 20, 181 1, nearly 
opposite the residence of Paul Revere. He died 
Dec. 21, 1S8S, in the city of his birth, and was 
buried from Trinity Church, the Rev. Phillips Brooks 
officiating. His parents were of Scotch descent, 
and their ancestors, soon after the landing of the 
Pilgrims, were driven from Scotland by religious 
persecution. His father was one of a firm of ship- 
owners, and the son knew no hardship until its 
failure. Graduating with a good record from the 
North End public school, he first found employ- 
ment in Parker's book and music store. Then he 
learned the printer's trade, first with Isaac Butts 
and afterwards with .'Mfred Mudge. At this time he 
was the main support of his parents. After a while 
he returned to Colonel Parker's employ, and later 
on he took a single counter in the famous " (Jld 
Corner Bookstore." Here was formed the firm of 
Parker & Ditson, when Mr. Ditson was only twenty- 
one years old. He put his whole force into the 



business, and changed it into a music store. In 
1840 he purchased Colonel Parker's interest, and 
under the name of Oliver Ditson, without the aid 
of capital or influential friends, began his remark- 
able career as a publisher. In the meantime he 
had become an organist, a singer, and an accom- 
plished writer of brilliant notes and letters. In 1840 
he was married to Catherine, daughter of Benjamin 
Delano, a prominent ship-owner. She was a lineal 
descendant of William Bradford, the second gover- 
nor of the Plymouth Colony. They had five chil- 
dren : Mrs. Burr Porter, Charles H., James Edward 
(deceased), Frank Oliver (deceased), and a daugh- 
ter who died in infancy. Mr. Ditson's business 
steadily increased in volume until it reached two 
million dollars annually. He was a long time the 
president of the board of music trade, of which he 
was the founder. He expended large sums in sup- 
porting such artists as gave promise of special dis- 
tinction. He was one of those who gave the Peace 
Jubilee of 1872 support, subscribing twenty-five 
thousand dollars, and made its success possible. 
He was a life-long patron of the Handel and Haydn 
Society, and was never absent from its concerts. 
He was for twenty-one years president of the Con- 
tinental National Bank of Bo.ston ; was many years 
trustee of the Franklin Savings Bank, which he 
originated and managed : a trustee of the Boston 
Safe Deposit Company ; one of the founders of the 
Old Men's Home, Boston; an active supporter of 
the New lingland Conservatory of Music ; trustee 
of the Mechanic Association ; member of the Boston 
Memorial Association ; and a director of the Bunker 
Hill Monument Association. In politics he was a 
Whig, until the formation of the Republican party, 
after which he acted with that organization. His 
religious training was with the Baptist denomina- 
tion, but in later years he allied himself with the 
Unitarians. In his long career he had established a 
number of branch houses, ami pla. ed many a young 
man of ability where he could win mk cess. Of the 
several houses these are notably conspicuous : The 
Boston branch house of J. C. Haynes & Co. ; the 
Cincinnati house (John Church) ; the New York 
house (Charles H. Ditson) ; the Philadelphia house 
(J. E. Ditson) : and the Chicago house of Lyon & 
Healy. 

Dixiix, Lkwis Sf.avf.r, M.D., was born in New 
\'ork Sept. 26, 1845. He was educated and fitted 
for college in the Dedham High School, and gradu- 
ated from Harvard A.B. in 1866, and Harvard A.M. 
in 187 1, .\fter graduation he went to Worcester, 
where he practised until 1882. Dr. Di.\on then 




W^^o^^^-€^^p3xZ.^it-^r^^ 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



came to Boston, where he has since remained prac- 
tising his profession. He has been abroad studying 
in London, Paris, and elsewhere. He was ophthal- 
mic surgeon at the Worcester City Hospital and the 
\\'ashburn Free Dispensary, and is now assistant oph- 
thalmic surgeon to the Boston City Hospital. He is 
a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, the 
New England, the American, and the International 
Ophthalmological Socirties. Dr. Dixon was married. 
May, 1873, to Miss I'.lkn R., daughter of William 
Burrage, of Jainaira i'lain, \Vest Roxbury district. 

DoANE, Thomas, son of John and Polly (El- 
dridge) Doane, the former a native of Orleans, 
Cape Cod, and the latter of Yarmouthport, was 
born at Orleans, Mass., Sept. 20, 1S21. His father 
was a well-known lawyer, served in the State senate, 
and filled other public positions. He was the 
originator of " forest culture " in this country, tak- 
ing the initiative step by purchasing tracts of land 
on the cape and ])lanting them in pines. He was 
also a promoter of the culture of fruit-trees of all 
kinds on the cape. Thomas Doane, the son, was 
the eldest of eight children, all of whom lived to 
adult age ; and four, two sons and two daughters, 
are still living. His early education was received 
at an academy established by his father and a few 
other gentlemen having children to educate. He 
attended this old school until he was nineteen 
years of age, and then spent five terms at the 
English Academy at Andover, Mass. After leaving 
this school he entered the office of Samuel Fenton, 
one of the most noted civil engineers of his time 
in this locality, and a leading citizen of Charles- 
town. (Mr. Fenton's office was on the same site 
as that of Mr. Doane's at the present time, in the 
same room, but in an older building.) After serv- 
ing a term or apprenticeship of three years here, 
Mr. Doane became head engineer of a division of 
the Vermont Central Railroad. That was in 1847. 
From 1847 until 1 S49 he was consulting resident en- 
gineer of the Cheshire Raih-oad at Walpole, N.H. 
In December, i.S4r), he returned to Charlestown 
and opened an oftic e, where he has since remained, 
carrying on his |)rofession of civil engineering and 
sui-veying. During his residence here Mr. Doane 
has been connected at one time and another with 
all the railroads running out of Boston, but particu- 
larly with the Boston & Maine Railroad. In 1863 
he was appointed chief engineer of the Hoosac 
Tunnel, and located the line of the tunnel, built the 
dam in the Dcerfield River to furnish water-power, 
and in this work introduced nitroglycerine and 
electrical lilasting in this country. After ha\ing 



charge of that work for four years, in i86g he 
went to Nebraska, where he built two hundred and 
forty miles of railroad on the extension of the 
Chicago, Burlington, & Quincy. He was thus em- 
ployed for four years, having full charge of the con- 
struction, and even running of trains, until the line 
was completed. He made the question of grades a 
special study, and so perfect were those on the ex- 
tension that one engine on that portion of the 
Chicago, Burlington, &: Quincy would haul as many 
cars to the Missouri River as five engines could haul 
across Iowa. He also located and named all the 
towns on the extension. While in Nebraska the 
question of establishing a college in that State was 
agitated, and he took an active and leading part in 
the work of founding the institution. He secured 
for its site a square mile of ground at Crete, 
twenty miles west from Lincoln, and as a recogni- 
tion of his valuable assistance and aid in the work 
the institution was named Doane College. In 1873 
Mr. Doane completed his work in Nebraska and 
returned to Charlestown, reopening his office. But 
soon afterwards he was reappointed on the Hoosac 
Tunnel, and had charge as consulting engineer of 
the reconstruction of the whole of the Troy & 
Greenfield Railway and of the tunnel. In 1873, 
upon the opening of the tunnel, he ran the first 
locomotive through it. He finished his duties in 
this direction in 1877, and two years later, 1S79, 
was appointed consulting and acting chief engineer 
of the Northern Pacific Railroad for one year. 
During that time he located the Pend d'Oreille 
Division across the Columbia plains in Washington 
Territory and parts of the Missouri division in 
Dakota. Since then he has done a great deal of 
important work. Mr. Doane is president of the 
Boston Society of Civil Engineers. He has been 
a justice of the peace for over thirty years, and 
for forty years has been a deacon in Winthrop 
Church. He is a director in the Associate Chari- 
ties of Boston, and president of the Charlestown 
branch of the organization ; vice-president of the 
Hunt Asylum for Destitute Children; is a member 
of the New England Historic Cenealogical So- 
ciety ; of the Congregational Club; and of the 
American College and Educational Society. 

DoBSON, John M., supreme president of the 
Order of /Egis, was born in Ijiswich, Mass., in 
1845. He was fitted with a [jractical education 
in the public schools and business colleges, early 
engaged in trade, and followed successfully a varied 
line of business. He moved to Boston in 1863, 
and thence to Lynn in 1S67. President Dobson 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



was an early student of the principles of the 
fraternal endowment plan, and was one of the 
originators of the Order of ^gis, the first of 
Massachusetts fraternities of this class, and was 
its first supreme president. As a believer in the- 
principles of fraternity, he is a member of the Odd 
Fellows, the Order of the World, and several other 
long-term orders, in addition to that of which he is 
the head. For several years he has devoted his 
leisure hours to the gratification of his love for 
blooded horses. He has been a successful breeilcr 



the Builders' Adjustable Staging Company, the in- 
vention by which the staging is elevated as the wall 




JOHN M. DOBSON. 

in a moderate way, and he possesses se\eral fine 
specimens of his own raising. He keeps about him 
horses of good pedigree. 

DoncE, Chari.es A., was born in Lowell Nov. 6, 
1848, but has been a citizen of Boston for the past 
twenty-five years. In 1875 he engaged in business 
as a mason and builder with W. D. Vinal, under the 
firm name of Vinal & Dodge. In 1884 Mr. Vinal 
withdrew, and Mr. Dodge succeeded to the busi- 
ness and has since conducted it alone. He was one 
of the original incorporators of the Master Builders' 
Association, and is a member of the National Asso- 
ciation, also of the Charitable Mechanic Association. 
He is a director of the Allston Cooperative Bank at 
AUston, his place of residence, a dealer in masons' 
materials, one of the leading master-builders and 
contractors of Boston, and treasurer and director of 




is built, men and material being raised without 
quitting work, and their work being done without 
stooping. Mr. Dodge has made a specialty of fine 
dwellings, and over two hundred of the houses on 
Commonwealth avenue and Newbury street have 
been built by him. He has also built many of the 
heavy storage-houses, such as the Williams Building 
and Atlas stores. The fine club-house of the Pos- 
tillion Club in Cambridge was built by him. 

Dm ICE, Charles H., was born in West Groton, 
Mass., in 1846. He attended school there until he 
was eighteen years old, when he was engaged with 
Standish & Woodbury, masons and builders. Sub- 
setjuently he formed a partnership with J. P. Lover- 
ing. This firm existed for ten years, and after its 
dissolution Mr. Dodge continued in business for 
himself. He has built several large buildings in 
Boston, among them the Continental Bank Build- 
ing, the Foster's wharf stores, and the remodelled 
John Hancock Building. He also built the Water- 
town Public Library and the Art Museum of 
Wellesley College. He is a member of the Master 
Builders' Exchange. 



Dduge, J. H., city auditor, was bo 
Boston Sept. 22, 1845. He graduate 



in South 
from the 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Latin School and began business life with Messrs. 
Hodges & Silsbee, manufacturers of chemicals, re- 
maining with them for three years. In 1867 he was 
api)ointed junior clerk to the city auditor, rising to 
be chief clerk in 1873. In June, 1881, he was ap- 
l>ointed to the chief ])osition, for which he is 
peculiarly fitted. Mr. Dodge has been secretary of 
the sinking-fund commission since July, 1881. 
During the Civil War he served in the army for 
three months. 

DoGCE'iT, Frb:i)f.rick Forbes, M.D., son of The- 
oi.hilus Pipon and Elizabeth (Bates) Doggett, was 
born in Barnstable, Mass., Feb. 22, 1855. His 
education was attained in Phillips (Exeter) .\cad- 






FfJtDERICK F. DOGGETT. 

emy, from which he graduated in the class of 1S73, 
and Harvard College, class of 1877. He studied 
medicine in the Harvard Medical School, graduat- 
ing in 1880, and as a special student in the Uni- 
versity of Vienna, 1880-1 ; Ecole du M^decine in 
Paris, 1881 ; and Guy's Hospital, London, 1881. 
He began the practice of his profession in the spring 
of 1882 in Boston, at No. 805 Broadway, and has 
, continued there to the present date. From 1883 
j he has been medical examiner for the John Han- 
: cock and Equitable Mutual Life Insurance Com- 
! panies, the Golden Cross, and the Order of .-Egis ; 
■ from 1882 to 1886 he was district physician to the 
Boston Dispensary; from 1885 to 1886 he was a 



21,3 

member of the State committee of the Massachusetts 
Emergency and Hygiene Society, and gave a course 
of lectures for the society before the Boston police 
and others; and in 1888 he was fleet surgeon of 
the South Boston Yacht Club. He is a member of 
the Massachusetts Medical Society; was treasurer 
of the Harvard Natural History Society. 1874-5; a 
member of the Bolyston Medical Society, Harvard 
University, 1878-1880; and a member of the In- 
ternational Medical Congress in London in 1881. 
Dr. Doggett has published and read before societies 
a number of important articles on professional sub- 
jects, among them papers entitled "Anesthetics 
in Vienna," " Boston Medical and Surgical Jour- 
nal," 1 880-1 ; "Metallic Poisoning from Canned 
Tomatoes," "Medical and Surgical Journal," 1884- 
5 ; and " Abuse of Medical Charity," read June 8, 
1886, before the Massachusetts Medical Society^ 
and published in pamphlet form. Dr. Doggett was 
married July 7, 1880, in Halifax, N..S., to Miss 
Mary Chipman DeWolf; they have four children: 
Elizabeth DeWolf, Arthur Latham, Ellen, and 
Leonard Allison 



DdHKKTV, Philip J., son of Philip and Ellen 
(Munnegle) Doherty, was born in Charlestown 
Jan. 27, 1 85 6. He was educated in the public 
schools of the Charlestown district, graduating from 
the High School, and studied three years in the 
Boston University Law School, from which he was 
graduated in the class of 1876 with the degree of 
LL.B. In June, 1877, he was admitted to the 
Suffolk bar, and began practice in Boston as a 
member of the law firm of Doherty & Sibley. In 
1883 he was elected to the lower house of the Leg- 
islature and twice returned, serving on the com- 
mittees on drainage, rules, and the judiciary, and on 
the joint special committee on the revision of the 
judicial system. At the opening of his third term, 
in 1886, he was the Democratic candidate for 
speaker of the House. In 18S7 he was elected on 
a non-partisan platform by a coalition of Democrats 
and Republicans to the Boston board of aldermen. 
In 1 888 he was a delegate to the national Democratic 
convention at St. Louis. In 1889 he was appointed 
a member of the Boston water board, which position 
he held until 1891. Mr. Doherty was married in 
the Charlestown district, Aug. 16, 1878, to Miss 
Catharine A., daughter of John Butler ; they have 
four children : Philip, Mary, Eleanor, and Alice 
Doherty. 

DoNXEM.v, Charles F., son of Hugh and Mar- 
garet (Conway) Donnelly, was born in Athlone, 



ROS'lON OF TO- DAY. 



county Roscommon, Ire., Oct 14, 1S36. His 
ancestors on the paternal side were of the old 
Irish sept of the north, and on the maternal side 
Welsh-Irish of the west of Ireland. His parents 
came to British America when he was a year old, 
and thence to Rhode Island in 1848. His early 
training was for the Catholic priesthood, but when 
still a youth he determined to enter the legal pro- 
fession. To this end he began his studies in the 
office of Hon. A. A. Ranney in 1856, and entered 
the Harvard Law School. He graduated with the 
degree of LI..B., and was admitted to the Suffolk 
bar in 1858. Elarly becoming a leading member, he 
has had many important cases, notably several civil 
cases instituted against the archbishop and other 
Catholic ecclesiastics in Massachusetts, and he has 
been conspicuous in the arguments showing the 
harmonious relation of Catholic ecclesiastical or 
canon law with the spirit of American law and 
-American institutions. His services in these and 
other directions have been recognized by St. 
Mar)''s College of Maryland, the oldest Catholic 
seat of learning in the country, which conferred 
upon him the degree of LL.l). In 1875 Mr. 
Donnelly was appointed a member of the State 
board of charities, and in its work he has taken a 
leading and important part. For several years he 
has been chairman of the board. When, in 1884, 
the Legislature referred the question of the treatment 
of inebriates to the board for consideration, Mr. 
Donnelly, as chairman, drafted and proposed a bill 
subjecting dipsomaniacs to the same restraint and 
treatment as lunatics. This was adopted by the 
next Legislature, and Massachusetts was the first 
State having such legal remedy for the offence of 
habitual drunkenness. In 1889 the Legislature gave 
further effect to the new law by authorizing the 
erection of a hospital for those coming under its 
provisions, and the establishment of a board of 
trustees for the management of the institution. .Mr. 
Donnelly is a member of the Charitable Irish 
Society, and was for a long time its president. He 
is the senior in membership of the Catholic mem- 
bers of the bar in New England. 

DooGUE, William, was born in Brocklaw Park, 
Stradbally, Queen's county, Ireland, May 24, 1828. 
He came to this country with his father's family 
in 1840, who setded in Middletown, Conn. After 
graduating from the high school there in 1843, 
he was apprenticed to George Affleck & Co., Hart- 
ford, Conn., and while engaged in their extensive 
nurseries he studied horticulture, floriculture, and 
landscape gardening. His term of apprenticeship 



lasted five years, at the end of which time he was 
admitted to the firm, remaining a partner for five 
years. The three years following he studied botany 
with Prof. Comstock, of Trinity College, Hartford, 
and in 1856 he came to Boston, where he assumed 
the management of the floricultural business of the 
late Charles Copeland, at Boston and Melrose. 
.About thirty years ago he established himself in 
Floral place, off Washington street, where he con- 
ducted a flourishing business for many years. Since 

1878 Mr. Doogue has been superintendent of the 
public grounds, and through his efforts the parks of 
the city have been yearly increasing in beauty. The 
floral displays annually made in the spring and 
autumn in the Public Garden are samples of Mr. 
Doogue's skill and taste, and are famous throughout 
the country. In art gardening his advice is much 
sought and is always given, not only gratuitously, but 
with pleasure. Twice he has been prominently 
brought before the public, the first time being in 
1876, when he made a tropical and sub-tro])ical 
display in Fairmount park, Philadelphia, during the 
Centennial Exhibition, for which he was awarded two 
gold medals, two silver medals, and diplomas. The 
second occasion was during the year 1887, when 
the Massachusetts Horticultural Society endeavored 
to have the city government erect a building on the 
Public Garden " to be devoted to the study and 
advancement of floriculture." This project was 
ably furthered by influential men, but Mr. Doogue 
was so vigorous and determined against the inno- 
vation that he aroused public sentiment, and the 
scheme was abandoned. His floral display of army 
and navy, Grand Army, and other badges in the 
Public Garden on the occasion of the meeting of 
the Grand Army of the Republic in Boston in 
.\ugust, 1890, brought him many compliments from 
visiting posts and others. The medals and votes of 
thanks which several organizations sent him after 
their return to their homes are preserved among his 
treasures. 

DoKK, John P., was born in county Cork, Ire., 
Oct. 30, 1832. He was educated there in the 
national schools, under the tuition of the Christian 
Brothers. He came to this country when a kul of 
seventeen, in 1849. In 1856 he started in business 
as a retail boot and shoe merchant in Boston, and 
continued in the trade for twenty-six years, when, in 
1882, he was elected to the board of street com- 
missioners. In 1887 he was made chairman of the 
board — a position which he still holds (1892). In 

1879 he was elected to the board of overseers of the 
poor. He is a member of the Massachusetts Cath- 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



215 



olic Order of Foresters, the Knights of St. Rose, 
the Good Fellows, and numerous other societies. 
His home is in the Roxbury district. 

Dorr, Jonathan, son of Ralph S. Dorr, was born 
in Louisville, Ky., 1842. His father was a Massa- 
chusetts man, but for many years in business in San 
Francisco. He graduated from Harvard in 1864, 
and studied law in the Boston University Law School. 
He was admitted to the bar in 1874. His practice 
is mostly corporation and trusts. He is a Repub- 
lican in ])olitics. He resides in the Dorchester dis- 
trict. 

Dow, James A., M.D., son of Jonathan and Abbie 
(Towne) Dow, was born in Bath, N.H., Dec. 18, 
1844. He was educated in the Lisbon Academy, 
Lisbon, N.H., and the Vermont Conference Semi- 
nary, Newbury, Vt. He began the study of medi- 
cine in the offices of Dr. Watson, of Newbury, and 
Dr. Leonard, of Haverhill, N.H., and then took a 
course in the medical department of the L^niversity 
of \ermont, graduating therefrom in 1867. He 
immediately began practice, establishing himself in 
\\indsor, Vt., where he remained mitil 187 1, when 
he moved to Cambridge, Mass., which city has since 
been his hcnue. He is now visiting physician to the 
CambndL;!- llii^|iUal, and examining physician for 
the Massai husetis Mutual Benefit Association and 
the Royal Arcanum. He is a member of the 
ALissachusetts Medical Society, the Cambridge Med- 
ical Improvement Association, and the American 
Medical Association. He is also connected with 
the Masonic and Odd Fellows orders. Dr. Dow 
was married March 26, 1868, to Miss Alice L. 
1 incoln, iif Windsor, Vt. ; they have had four chil- 
dren : Esther A., Cliftbrd W., George L., and .Arthur 
Dow (deceased). 

DowsLEv, John F., was born in .St. John's, New- 
foundland, Feb. 14, 1854. He attended St. Bona- 
venture's College until 1868, when the sudden and 
tragic death of his father necessitated his withdrawal 
from school and the removal of the family to Bos- 
ton. Here he worked for several years as an oper- 
ator with the ^\'estern Union Telegraph Company, 
pursuing his studies at an evening school. He be- 
gan the study of dentistry in 1880, entering Boston 
Dental College in 1882, which he attended one 
year. In 1884 he graduated from the Baltimore 
College of Dental Surgery with the degree of D.D.S. 
Returning to Boston, he was appointed by Governor 
Ames a member of the Massachusetts board of 
registration in dentistry for one year (1887), and 



in 1888 was reappointed by him for the full term of 
three years. In 1891 he was again reappointed by 
Governor Russell for three years. Dr. Dowsley is a 
member of the Massachusetts, New England, and 
Connecticut Valley Dental Societies. 

Draper, Harr'i' S., was born in Cambridge July 
15, 1863. He moved with his parents to Boston in 
1870, and obtained his education in the jmblic 
schools. He graduated from the English High 
School in 1879, winning the Franklin medal. His 
professional studies were begun in 1880 with Dr. 
R. L. Robbins, and continued in the Boston Dental 
College. He completed his course at that institu- 
tion in 1882, taking the first prize each year, but, 
not being of age to graduate, he did not receive his 
degree of D.D.S. until 1884. During the two years 
succeeding his graduation Dr. Draper was a clinical 
instructor in the college. He is an active member 
of the New England Dental Society, the Massachu- 
setts Dental Society, and the American Academy of 
Dental Science. He is at present in successful 
practice at the Evans House building in this city 
and resides in Greenwood, a suburb of Boston. 

Drisko, Ai.onzo S., was born in Addison, Me., 
Oct. 2, 1829. He came to Boston in 1850, and be- 
gan business as a builder in 1 864, — having worked 
for the four previous years with prominent builders 
in the city, — forming the firm of Laming & Drisko. 
This was continued until 1881, when he succeeded 
to the business. Mr. Drisko has done a large 
amount of domestic work, and has had an extended 
experience in the building of family hotels and resi- 
dences, furnishing his own plans for many of them. 
He built the Globe Theatre after the great fire of 
1872. His firm had built fifty-one of the buildings 
which were burned down in that fire, and afterwards 
rebuilt thirty-six of them. They had charge of the 
interior work of the Rialto Building, Hotel La- 
fayette, Clifford House, and many other prominent 
buildings. Mr. Drisko's latest work is seen in the 
large Emerson Piano Building ; and in a number of 
fine residences in suburban districts, that built for S. 
S. Rowe at Roxville Park, from plans drawn by Mr. 
Drisko, being especially unique, attractive, and 
roomy, although erected on a triangular lot. Mr. 
Drisko is also secretary and manager of the Rogers 
\\'ater Meter Company. 

DuANE, John H., street commissioner, was born 
in Calais, Me., July i, 1842, and, coming to Boston 
when a boy, was educated in the Lyman School, 
winning the Franklin medal in 1856. He has lived 



2l6 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



most of his life in East Boston, and has been in the 
grocery and provision business there since 1866. 
For fifteen years he was in the assessors' depart- 
ment, nearly all that time first assistant assessor for 
Ward 2, East Boston. In 1872 he was secretary of 
the Democratic city committee. 



was assistant to the professor of medical chemis- 
try. After graduation he was surgical house doctor 
at the Massachusetts General Hospital for sixteen 
months, and was the assistant of Dr. Henry I. 
Bowditch, with whom he was associated in the com- 
])ilation of the latter's work on consumption. After- 



DuiiLF.v, Sanfori) Harrison, son of Harrison and 
p;iizabeth (Prentiss) Dudley, natives of Maine, and 
a lineal descendant of Thomas Dudley, the second 
governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay, was 
born in China, Me., Jan. 14, 1842. He came to 
Massachusetts with his parents in 1857, residing 
first in Fairhaven, and afterwards in New Bedford, 
until 1870; then he moved to Cambridge, his 
present home. He graduated from Harvard College 
in 1867, and from the Harvard Law School in 187 i, 
having received from his Alma Mater the degrees of 
.-^.B., A.M., and LL.B. After graduation he taught 
for three years in the New Bedford High School, 
having charge of the classics and mathematics, 
meantime reading law with Eliot & Stetson, an 
eminent law-firm of that city. Immediately upon 
receiving his degree from the law school he was ad- 
mitted to the Suffolk bar, and has continued in the 
practice of his profession ever since. His office is 
in the Mutual Life Insurance Building, No. 95 Milk 
street. He has been Republican in politics, and 
for many years was connected with the organizations 
of his party in his city ; but he has latterly acted in- 
dependently, though preferably with the Republican 
party. He was for a time a member of the city 
government of Cambridge. He is one of the orig- 
inal members of the Cambridge Club. He is a 
member of the Universalist Church at North Cam- 
bridge, and takes an active interest in religious 
matters, both in church and Sunday-school. He is 
also president of the L^niversalist Club, the repre- 
sentative lay organization of the Universalist denom- 
ination in the Commonwealth. Mr. Dudley was 
married in 1S69, to Laura Nye Howland, daughter 
of John M. Howland, of Fairhaven, and has three 
children, a son and two daughters. 

Dl'Nn, Wii.i.iAM A., M.I)., was born in Boston 
Sept. 6, 1852. His early education was actjuired 
in the Boston public schools. At the age of thirteen 
he graduated a Franklin-medal scholar from the 
Eliot School ; then he went through the English 
High School, and subsequently entered Boston Col- 
lege, from which he duly graduated, after receiving 
in his last year the three silver medals and the gold 
l)rize for dramatic reading. Next he took the 
regular course in the Harvard Medical School, and 




wards, for a year, he was assistant to Dr. John (;. 
Blake. Then he established himself in his own 
office on Chambers street, and his practice soon 
became extensive. In 1876 he was professor of 
chemistry at Boston College, and later taught phys- 
iology there. In 1878 he went abroad with his 
friend George Crompton, the famous inventor, of 
Worcester, Mass., and there further pursued his 
medical studies. In 1882 he was appointed assist- 
ant surgeon to Carney Hospital, and in 1884 he 
was made one of the visiting surgeons. He is at 
present consulting surgeon. For several years he 
was surgeon of the First Battalion of Cavalry, Second 
Brigade of the Militia. He was a member of the 
school committee from 1886 to 1889, and was re- 
elected in 1890 to serve for three years. He is one 
of the trustees of the Institution for the Feeble- 
minded, and trustee of the Union Institution for 
Savings. He is a life member of the Young Men's 
Catholic Association; ex-president of the Alumni 
Association of Boston College ; a member of the 
l':iiot School Association; of the Algoniiuin, Ath- 
letic, University, Puritan, and Clover clubs ; of the 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



toman Son 
lulin- the 
IJoston Si I. 



'ty, anil ot various medical societies, 
AnuTican Medical Association and 
ictv for Medical Observation. He 



has contributed much to the medical journals, and 
he has published jiamphlets on the " Therapeutics 
of \'enesection," and on the " Use and Abuse of 
Krgot." 

Dl'kgin, Samukl Hni.MES, M.I)., was born in 
Parsonsfield, Me., July 26, 1839. His education 
was acquired in the Parsonsfield, F2ffingham, and 
I'ittsfield Academies. Then he taught school for 
three years in the towns of Alton and Northwood, 
N. H. Early in life developing a marked taste for 
the study of medicine, he entered the Har\-ard 
Medical School, and graduated therefrom in 1864. 
During the latter year he received a commis- 
sion as assistant surgeon in the First Massa- 
chusetts Cavalry, went to the front and served until 
the close of the Civil War. Returning to Boston 
he began the practice of his profession, and has 
since remained in this city. In 1867 Dr. Durgin 
was appointed resident physican at the institutions 
on Deer Island, and port physician of the city of 
Boston, which offices he held until January, 1873. 
He was then appointed a member of the Boston 
board of health, and since 1877 has been chair- 
man of that board. He is a member of the Massa- 
chusetts Medical Society, the Boston Society for 
Medical Observation, the Boston Society for Medi- 
cal Improvement, and the American Public Health 
Association. Since 1885 he has been lecturer on 
hygiene at Harvard Medical School. 

DuTTON, Sa.muel Lane, M.D., son of Solomon 
Lane and Olive Charlotte (Hutchinson) Dutton, 
was born in Acton, Mass., July 15, 1835. He was 
educated in Acton, in Appleton Academy of New 
Ipswich, N.H., Appleton Academy, Mount Vernon, 
N.H., the academy at Francestown, N.H., and the 
Harvard Medical School, from which he graduated 
in the class of i860. He first settled in Derry, 
N.H., and practised his profession there two and a 
half years following his graduation. Then he en- 
tered the Uniteil States service, Aug. 1 1, 1862, as as- 
sistant surgeon. First Massachusetts Heavy Artillery, 
Col. NMUiam B. Oreen commanding. He was first 
ordered to join the command in the defences of 
\Vashington. The following winter he was in 
charge of the hospital at Fort Tillinghast, Va., and 
in July, 1863, was ordered by the secretary of 
war to the charge of troops on Maryland Heights, 
opposite Harper's Ferry. In December he was 
ordered back to the defences of Washington. On 



the ist of March, 1863, he was promoted to the 
position of surgeon to the Fortieth Massachusetts In- 
fantry (Colonel Henry), and ordered to report at 
Boston ; and from this city he was ordered to join 
his new command, then serving in Florida. Thence 
he was ordered with his regiment to Fortress Mon- 
roe, the command now becoming a part of the 
Army of the James, and with it took part in the 
engagements of Drury's Bluff, Chester Station, 
Bermuda Hundreds, Mine Explosion, Darbytovvn 
Road, etc. He was surgeon-in-chief of the Third 
Brigade, First Division of old fighting Eighteenth 
Army Corps. Dr. Dutton returned to civil life after 
the fall of Richmond, having served a little less than 
three years. The hardships of army life had so 
impaired his health that it was not until the follow- 
ing September that he was able to resume practice, 
at which time he established himself in Boston. 
Subsequently, with gradually increasing duties, his 
health failed because of the old array trouble con- 
tracted at the front. After repeated and long sick- 
nesses, confining him to his bed for months at a 
time, and finally necessitating the amputation of 
part of the right hand as a consequence of war 
experience, he was obliged to give up general prac- 
tice. .\ long time was spent in California and 




other distant sections of the country, but the exact- 
ing duties of his profession were found to lie too 
great to resume, ami with much disapiiointment 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



they were finally abandoned, and Dr. Dutton's en- 
tire attention is now devoted to the performance 
of the duties of medical director- in-chief of the 
Massachusetts Benefit Life Insurance Company. 
Dr. Dutton has been examining surgeon for State 
aid, and United States examining surgeon for pen- 
sions, Boston district. He is a member of the 
E. W. Kinsley Post 113, G.A.R., and has been its 
surgeon. He is a member of the Military Order 
of the Loyal Legion, Massachusetts Commandery, 
of the Massachusetts Medical Society, and the 
Norfolk District Medical Society. He was one of 
the founders of the Gynaecological Society of Bos- 
ton, and a former member of the Boston Society 
for Medical Observation. He has been visiting 
and consulting physician to St. Elizabeth's Hospital, 
and was for many years medical examiner for the 
Penn Mutual and the Provident Life Insurance 
Companies of Philadelphia. Dr. Dutton was mar- 
ried Sept. 25, i860, at North Chelmsford, Mass., 
to Miss Surviah Parkhurst Stevens, of that town ; 
they have had four children : Edgar Fulton, who 
was graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of 
Technology in the class of 1888, as electrical en- 
gineer, Grace Stevens (died in 1880, at the age of 
twelve). Bertha Hutchinson, and Mary PHizabeth 
Dutton. 



the Suffolk Dispensary, in the nose and throat de- 
partment. He is a member of the Massachusetts 
Medical Society, president of the Massachusetts 




GEORGE F. EAMES. 



EAMi:s, Geori;e Frank, M.D., D.D.S., was born 
in Swanville, Me., May 26, 1854. He was 
educated in the Belfast, Me., city schools. In his 
eighteenth year he began teaching in public schools, 
and this, with attendance at the Eastern State 
Normal School at Castine, occupied his time until 
May, 1875, when he was graduated from that insti- 
tution. After a private pupilage with G. W . Stod- 
dard, D.D.S., of Belfast, Me., and Prof. D. D. Smith, 
of Philadelphia, he graduated from the Philadelphia 
Dental College in 1877 and the Jefferson Medical 
College in 18S2. While in the latter college he 
was a member of Professor Bartholow's private class 
in experimental therapeutics, and had charge of the 
out-patients department of the Philadelphia Medi- 
cal Mission. He began the practice of dentistry in 
Bucksport, Me., and while there was elected to the 
chair of natural science in the East Maine Con- 
ference Seminary, which position he held until he 
came to Boston in 1883. In 1888 he was appointed 
professor of pathology and the practice of dental 
medicine in the Boston Dental College, and at the 
same time he was engaged to give the " Emergency 
Course " of lectures at the Boston Young Men's 
Christian Association, both of which positions he 
hoMs at the present time. He is also physician to 



Dental Society, and a member of the American 
Academy of Dental Science. He is a graduate of 
the Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle. 

EiiDv, Oris, son of Darius and Lydia Otis (Her- 
sev) Eddy, was born in Boston Oct. 15, 1843. He 
was educated in the Boston public schools, and 
when a young man entered the establishment of 
Messrs. Ballard & Stearns, house furnishers. Later 
he established himself in the lumber business, with 
which he is still connected. He was a member of 
the common council in 1881, 1882, and 1883, and 
of the board of aldermen 1888-9. He is worshipful 
master of Union Lodge, Free Masons, and an officer 
in the Boston Commandery, Knights Templar. Mr. 
Eddy was married .April 29, 1869, to Miss Mary C. 
Willard. They have no children. 

iMHiKRi.v, Martin \". P., son of Samuel J. ami 
Eliza (Bickford) Edgerly, was born in Barnstead, 
N.H., Sept. 26, 1833. He was educated in the 
public schools of Manchester, N.H., and in that 
city began work as an employ^ in the shop and 
mills of the .'Vmoskeag Manufacturing Company. 
At this occupation, however, he did not continue 
long. In 1S59 he went to Pittsfield and engaged 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



219 



in the insurance business, giving his chief attention 
to fire insurance. Among other companies which 
he at that time represented was the Massachusetts 
Mutual Life Insurance Company. With this com- 
[xiny, in the course of a few years, he became in- 
timately associated. In 1868 he was made general 
superintendent of its agencies; in 1882 he was 




MARTIN V. B. EDGERLY. 

chosen a director in the company; in 1884, second 
vice-president; in 1885, vice-president; and in 
1886, president, which position he at present holds. 
He remained in Pittsfield until 1863, when he re- 
turned to Manchester for a wider field. There he 
made his headquarters until 1883. In that year 
he moved to Massachusetts ; and since his election 
to the presidency of the Massachusetts Mutual Life 
he has resided in Springfield. While a resident of 
New Hampshire he served in Manchester as direc- 
tor of the City National Bank, the New Hampshire 
Fire Insurance Company, the Suncook Valley and 
the Worcester & Nashua Railroad Companies, and 
as trustee of the Merrimac River Savings Bank. 
He has also served as delegate from that State to 
national Democratic conventions (of 1872, 1876, 
and 1880) ; as a member of the national Democratic 
committee ; as centennial commissioner ; and as 
chief of staff to Governor Weston. In 1882 he was 
the candidate of his party for governor of New 
Hampshire, and was defeated by a very small 
majority. 



Elder, Charles R., son of Charles Leonard and 
Roxana (Cummings) Elder, was born in Sabattus, 
Me., Oct. 21, 1850. He was educated in Hebron 
Academy, Hebron, Me., and studied law with the 
Hon. Alvah Black, of Paris, Me., afterwards enter- 
ing the Boston University Law School, from which 
he graduated in 1876. While studying law he 
taught school in Maine for five years, part of the 
time as principal of the ■ Paris Hill Academy, at 
Paris. He was admitted to the bar, and began 
practice in Boston in 1876. He is a member 
of the Kenwood Club of Maiden. His first wife 
was Mary G. Flint, to whom he was married June 
15, 1 88 1, and his second, Maria F. Wood, married 
Feb. 28, 1888. His children are Flint C. and 
Crordon W. ; and Mildred T. and Margarith E. 
Elder. 

Elmer, Sa.mlkl J., son of James and Deborah 
Dunbar (Keen) Elder, was born in Hope, R.I., 
Jan. 4, 1850. He was educated in the Lawrence, 






I 




SAMUEL J. ELDLU. 

Mass., public chools and at Vale College. He 
studied law with George W. Morse and John H. 
Hardy, and after his admittance to the bar he 
began practice in Boston. He is now associated 
with ^Villiam C. Wait, under the firm name of Elder 
& Wait. He is counsel for the International Copy- 
right League, and treasurer of the Shipman Engine 
Company. Mr. Elder belongs to a number of clubs ; 



H()S-|X)N r)F TO-DAY. 




is secretary of the Curtis Club, and a member of of the Dedham Institution for Savings, a director 
the elections committee of the new University Club : in the 1 )edham Fire Insurance Company, and in 
and is president of the Yale Alumni Association, the Dedham PHectric Light Company; a member 
He is a State commissioner on portraits of gov- 
ernors. He was married May lo, 1S76, to Miss j 
Lilla Thomas ; they have two children : Margaret | 
Munroe and Fanny .Adele Klder. -„!j.^ 



Ki.Lio]-, Georce B., was born in Keene, N'.H., 
Feb. 15, 1855, of a family of six children, .\fter 
attending the public schools there he was under 
discipline as cadet in Eagleswood Military Academy, 
New Jersey. Thence he was sent to Williston 
Seminary, Easthampton, Mass., to prepare for Har- 
vard College, but was diverted from that end, and 
passed the last three years of his student life in the 
Institute of Technology of the class of 1874, taking 
also at that time a year's course in the Massachu- 
setts Normal An School. Then until 1879, except- 
ing a trip to the Azores, he passed most of the time 
at his home in Keene. In the latter year he en- 
tered the real-estate business in Boston, in the office 
of Alexander S. Porter. After about three years' 
clerkship he opened an oflfice for himself in the 
Rogers Building, Washington street. His specialty 
is brokerage in real estate and mortgages in 
Boston and vicinity, and he has charge of some 
trusts and seashore property. Mr. Elliot is a 
member of the Real Estate Exchange and of the 
Boston .Athletic Association. He is married, and 
resides on Pond street, Jamaica Plain, West Rox- 
hury district. 

FjLY, F'rederick David, was born in Wrentham, 
Mass., Sept. 24, 1838. He prepared for college in 
Day's .Academy, that town, and entered Brown 
University, graduating in the class of 1859. He 
afterwards read law in the office of the Hon. 
Waldo Colburn, of Dedham. He was admitted to 
the bar in 1862, opening an office in Dedham, and 
later in Boston, where he practised up to 1888, 
when he was appointed associate justice of the 
municipal court of this city. Judge Ely has been 
prominent in politics, and has taken an active 
place in the affairs of the Republican party. He 
was elected to the lower house of the Legislature 
in 1873, and to the Senate in 1878 and 1879, 
ser%'ing on important committees. In 1884 he was 
elected to Congress, in which he served as a member 
of the committees on elections and on private 
land claims. He is a prominent Mason, has been 
master of the Constellation Lodge of Dedham, 
and grand marshal and deputy grand master of 
the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts. He is a trustee 



FREDERICK D. ELY. 

of the vestry of the St. Paul F>piscopal Church, 
I )edham, and a member of the Dedham school 
board. F'or seventeen years he was a trial justice. 

F^MERsoN, William Ralph, architect, was born in 
Alton, 111., in 1833, but came to Boston at an early 
age to reside with his uncle, George B. F^merson. 
He was educated in the Boston public schools, and 
studied architecture under Jonathan Preston, the 
designer of the Boston Theatre, and at one time a 
candidate for the mayoralty in this city. He began 
practice in 1855, entering into partnership with Mr. 
Preston. His work has comprised many school- 
houses, theatres, and club-buildings in diflTerent sec- 
tions of the country, numbers of country houses, 
and several elegant private dwellings on Common- 
wealth avenue and other fashionable streets of Bos- 
ton. He was one of the promoters and incorpora- 
tors of the Boston Architectural Club, and has long 
been closely identified with art matters. When he 
began his career, architecture was not looked upon 
as a distinct profession. It was his idea to arrange 
shingles on roofs and sides of country houses in 
fanciful designs, producing unique exterior effects ; 
and the introduction of stained glass in pri- 
vate houses was also an original suggestion of his. 



BOSTON OF TO-nAY. 



221 



One of the best comments on his ability was an 
article recently published in "Scribner's Magazine," 
in which he is credited with having advanced the 
cause of beautiful architecture more than any other 
American architect. 

Emery, William Hknrv, son of Isaac and Faith 
Savage (Bigelow) Kmery, was born in Biddeford, 
Me., March 22, 1822. (Jn his father's side he is 
descended from Anthony Emery, who came to the 
country in 1635 in the bark "James," of London, 
and on his mother's side from Ann Hutchinson. 
He attended Thornton Academy, Saco, Me., and at 
eighteen years of age engaged with his father in the 
coal business at the foot of Poplar street, Boston. 
He remained here about five years, when he was 
appointed foreign entry clerk in the United States 
custom house, under Marcus Morton, collector of the 
])ort. Sixteen years were spent in the custom house. 
Eight years of this time he was also interested with his 
lather in the coal business, then at the corner of Fed- 
eral street and Mt. Washington avenue, from which 
they removed in i860 to No. 288 Federal street. 
In 1857 the firm name became W. H. & S. I.. 
Emery, and has so continued since. The senior 
Emery was aid to Governor Paris, of Maine, and 
member of the committee to receive General La- 
fayette in 1824, upon the latter's memorable visit to 
America. He was Democratic in politics, and a 
member of Governor Boutwell's council. He was 
one of the founders of the Boylston Bank, director 
in John Hancock Life Insurance Company, and di- 
rector of the Boston & Worcester Railroad for twenty 
years. W. H. Emery is trustee of the Franklin 
Savings Bank, and holds other positions of trust. 
He is also a member of the Masonic fraternity. He 
was first married to Miss Sarah, daughter of Thomas 
Haviland. She died in 1855. There were two 
children by this marriage : Helen Bigelow and Mary 
Haviland. In 1856 he married Miss Eliza, daughter 
of Nathaniel Holmes Bishop, of Medford, a de- 
scendant of Dr. John Bishop of that town, an emi- 
nent physician of his day. Of this second marriage 
there are a daughter, Eliza Kate, and two sons, ^\■. 
Bishop and Heber Bishop Emery. Mr. Emery now 
resides in Newton, upon property once owned by 
Francis Skinner on Waverly avenue. 

Emmons, Freeman, son of Dimon and Mary Ann 
(Currier) Emmons, was born in Lyman, Me., 
March i, 1848. He was educated in the public 
schools of his native town and in the high school of 
Alfred, Me. He taught school for a couple of years 
in Lyman (1864 and 1865), worked as clerk in 



mercantile concerns in Danvers, Salem, and Wake- 
field, Mass., and then studied law with the Hon. D. 
W. Gouch in the latter's Boston office. Admitted 
to the Suffolk bar in 1880, he at once began the 
practice of his profession in this city. He is now 
proprietor and nian^iLjcr of the largest government 
claim ageiK \- in New I'.ngland, at No. 4 State street, 
and is also associated with William B. Orcutt in gen- 
eral law practice at No. 53 State street. Since his 
admission to the bar he has transacted business for 
nearly ten thousand different people. In 1882 and 
1883 Mr. Emmons was clerk and treasurer of the 
Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company. He is a 
director of the Colchis Mining Company, owning 
mining and reduction works in New Mexico. He 
has been connected with and held office in the 
order of Good Templars, Knights of Honor, and 
New England Order of Protection. Mr. Emmons 




FREEMAN EMMONS. 

was married on Sept. 6, 1870, to Miss Maria 
Richardson : they have no children. 

Endico'it, WiLLiAJi Crowninshield, son of Wil- 
liam Putman and Mary (Crowninshield) Endicott, 
of Salem, Mass., was born in that city Nov. 19, 
1826. His father was a graduate of Harvard, 
class of 1822, and a descendant from John Endicott, 
the first governor of Massachusetts. His maternal 
grandfather, Jacob Crowninshield, was a merchant 
of Salem, and a member of Congress from 1802 to 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



1809. He was appointed and confirmed secretary 
of the navy in Jefferson's cabinet in 1806, but de- 
clined, preferring to remain in Congress. He died 
suddenly in Washington in 1808. William C. Endi- 
cott received his early education in the Latin School 
in Salem. He entered Harvard University in 1843, 
and w,is graduated with the class of 1847. Soon 
after graduating, he studied law in the office of 
Nathaniel J. Lord, then the leading member of the 
Essex bar, and in the Harvard Law School. He 
was called to the bar in 1850, and began practice 
in Salem in 1851. He was elected a member of 
the Salem common council in 1852 and afterwards its 
]jresident. In 1853 he entered into copartnership 
with J. W. Perry, under the firm name of Perry ^: 
Endicott. In 1857 he became city solicitor, which 
office he held until 1864. In the State elections of 
1 87 1, 2, and 3 he was candidate for attorney-general 
and in 1870 for Congress, on the Democratic ticket. 
In 1873 he was appointed, by Oovernor William B. 
Washburn, to the bench of the supreme court of 
Massachusetts. He remained on the bench for ten 
years, when he resigned. He was president of the 
Essex bar from 1878 to 1883, and of the Salem 
Bank from 1857 to 1873. In 1863 he was elected 
president of the Peabody Academy of Science in 
Salem, and still holds that office. In 1884 he was 
Democratic candidate for governor of the State. 
In 1885 he became secretary of war in the cabinet 
of President Cleveland. He was married Decem- 
ber 13, 1859, to F:ilen, daughter of George Pea- 
body, of Salem. His family consists of two children : 
William C, jr., and Mary C. Endicott, who was 
married on the 15th of November, 1888, to Mr. 
Joseph Chamberlain, of Birmingham, Eng. 

Enolish, J.^mk.s S., son of James L. and Mary 
Elizabeth (Steele) English, the former a native of 
Boston, and the latter of Goffstown, N.H., was bo^n 
in Boston March 6, 1844. His fiither was a Har- 
vard graduate, and a well-known Boston lawyer in 
his day. James S. was also educated at Hansard, 
graduating in 1867. He studied law with his father 
and was admitted to the bar in September, 1870. 
Father and son practised in partnershijj until the 
death of the former in 1883. Since that time Mr. 
English has been alone at No. 68 Cornhill, where 
his father began in 1859. His practice is confined 
to trusts and probate business. He is a Democrat 
in politics, as was his father. 

Ernst, George A. 0., son of Andrew H. and 
Sarah G. (Otis) Ernst, was born in Cincinnati, O., 
Nov. 8, 1850. His father was born in Germany, 



and his mother was a native of Boston, daughter of 
George Alexander Otis. He was educated in Cin- 
cinnati private schools, the Mount Pleasant Mili- 
tary Academy, Sing Sing, N.Y., the Flliot High 
School in Jamaica Plain, Boston private schools, and 
Harvard College, graduating from the latter in the 




GEORGE A. O. ERNST. 

class of 1 87 1. He studied law in the office of 
Ropes & Gray for two years, then in the Harvard 
Law School, and later in the office of J. B. Rich- 
ardson. He was admitted to the bar in Feliruary, 
1875, and has since practised in Boston. In June, 
1880, he was sent to the Republican National Con- 
vention at Chicago as one of a committee repre- 
senting the Massachusetts Voung Re])ublicans, to 
secure a civil-ser\-ice reform plank in the party 
platform. In 1883 and 1884 he was a member of 
the lower house of the State Legislature, serving on 
important committees, and taking an influential part 
in legislation. Mr. Ernst has also devoted some time 
to literature. He has translated two novels, " The 
Widow Lerouge " (published by James R. Osgood 
& Co.) and "The Clique of Gold;" and has 
adapted three plays from the French, — " .\ Christ- 
mas Supper, " "The Double Wedding," and "Our 
Friends," — all produced at the Boston Museum. 
On Dec. 11, 1879, he was married in Brooklyn, 
N.V., to Miss Jeanie C. Bynner, of Brooklyn ; 
they have two children : Roger E. and Sarah Otis 
Ernst. 



J 




'M/i^ m (b/'M/^i, 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Evans, Alonzo H., was born in Allenstown, N.H., 
in February, 1820. He attended the public schools, 
and worked on the farm until he was fifteen years 
old, when he went to Lowell, and there was em- 
ployed for a year and a half as a bobbin-boy in one 
of the factories. Then he came to Boston, and 
obtained a place in a grocery and provision store. 
After continuing at this work about five years, at- 
tending a private school during his leisure hours, 
he began business for himself. In 1854 he, with 
others, started the movement for the establishment 
of the Five Cents Savings Bank, to encourage in 
children and others thrift and economy, and from 
the Legislature a charter was early obtained. The 
bank was organized in Aiiril that year, with Paul 
Adams as president, Mr. Evans as treasurer, and 
("urtis C. Nichols as secretary of the corporation. 
In 1874, upon the retirement of Mr. .\dams, Mr. 
Evans was elected president, which position he has 
held ever since. Mr. Evans was a moving spirit in 
the incorporation of Everett as a town, and twice 
represented it in the lower house of the Legislature. 
He was also a member of the Senate of 1890, ser\'- 
ing on the committees on banking (chairman) and 
on taxation. J'',arly in 1S92 he was elected by 
the Legislature to the executive council, to fill a va- 
cancy caused by the death of Councilman Loring. 
He was for seventeen years a member of the Re- 
publican town committee of Everett, and has served 
on the Republican State committee. 



F.\LL, Ch.arlejs G., was born in Maiden, June 22, 
1S45. He fitted for college at Phillips (Exeter) 
Academy, and graduated from Harvard in the class 
of 1868. Then, taking a course in the Harvard Law 
School, he graduated therefrom in 1871. In 1869 
he was admitted to the bar, and has been in active 
practice since 187 1, with offices now at No. 209 
\Vashington street. In politics he is a Republican. 
He has written several poetical works of note, 
and is also the author of a legal work entitled " Em- 
ployer's Liability for Personal Injuries." He is the 
father of the board of arbitration and also of the 
Employers' Liability Bill. He is a member of the 
Algonquin and the .Athletic clubs. 

Faxon, Henkv H., son of Job and Judith B. 
( Hardwick ) Faxon, was born in Quincy, Mass., 
Sept. 28, 1823. He is a descendant in the eight 
generation of Thomas Faxon, who came to .America 
from England with his wife, daughter, and two sons 
previous to 1647, and settled in that part of Brain- 
tree now Quincy. Job Faxon was an extensive 



farmer, and he owned and managed, for many years 
in connection with his farm, a stall in the Quincy 
Market in Boston. Henry H. passed his youth on 
the farm and in the common schools of the village. 
When about sixteen years old he was apprenticed 
to learn the shoemaker's trade, and five years after 
began, in company with his brother John, the manu- 
facture of boots and shoes. About the year 1846 
he opened a retail grocery and provision store in 
Quincy, which he conducted for seven years, dur- 
ing the last three years of that time carrying on also 
a bakery and the business of a real-estate and mer- 
chandise auctioneer. Next he became a retail 
grocer in Boston, at the corner of South and Beach 
streets, under the firm name of Faxon, Wood, & 
Co. Two years later, with his brothers, he moved 
into Commercial street, changing the firm name to 
Faxon Bros. & Co., and the business from retail to 
wholesale. Retiring from the partnership in 1861 
he went to New Orleans, where he made large pur- 
chases of molasses, shipping the stuff to his former 
partners in Boston. Returning the following year 
he engaged in speculating in merchandise, estab- 
lishing himself first in Chatham street and then on 
India wharf. Here he operated largely in chiccory, 
kerosene oil, raisins, spices, and other staples. At 
one time anticipating the rise in the price of liquors, 
on account of the laying of a government tax, he 
purchased several hundred barrels of whiskey and 
rum, and held them for the expected advance. The 
result proved the accuracy of his judgment. Subse- 
quently he dealt in real estate on a large scale, and 
it was in these operations that he made the bulk of 
his fortune. He has become the largest real-estate 
owner in Quincy, where he has over one hundred 
tenants. In Boston and Chelsea also he has nearly 
the same number. In 1864, and again in 1871, Mr. 
Faxon represented Quincy in the Legislature ; and 
in 1884 he ran for lieutenant-governor on the Pro- 
hibitory State ticket. For many years he had 
devoted himself to the temperance cause, and used 
his wealth in its aid. He has taken a leading hand 
in politics, seeking the advancement of temperance 
issues. He was a police officer in Quincy from 
1 88 1 to 1886 inclusive, and was again appointed in 
1889, for the purpose of enabling him the more suc- 
cessfully to check the liquor traffic. Faxon Hall, a 
permanent memorial to his name, was erected in 1876 
for the Reform Club of Quincy, and of its cost, eleven 
thousand dollars, he paid more than four-fifths. Mr. 
Faxon was married Nov. 18, 1852, to Mary B., 
daughter of Israel W. and Priscilla L. (Burbank) 
Munroe ; she died Sept. 6, 1885, leaving one son, 
Henry Munroe Faxon, born May 22, 1864. 



224 



BOSTON OF T()-DA\'. 



Fkf,, Thiimas, deputy sheriff of Suffolk county, 
son of Thomas and Mary (Baxter) Fee, was born 
in Hingham, Mass., Aug. 13, 1850. His father was 
a mason and contractor, and lived in Hingham for 
forty years — from 1S48 until his death in 1888. 
The son was educated in the Hingham public 
schools, and came to Boston in 1866, where he 
learned the machinist's trade. He followed this 
trade a few years, and then, in 1875, entered the 
sheriff's office as clerk. Two years later he was 
appointed a constable by Mayor Prince, and served 
in this capacity until he was commissioned deputy 
sheriff in January, 1884. In politics he is a Demo- 
crat, and has been a member of the Democratic 
ward and city committees for ten years, serving on 
the finance committee, and as secretary for two 
years. In religion he is Roman Catholic, and he 
is a member of the Young Men's Catholic Associa- 
tion of Boston. He now resides in Ward 21. Mr. 
Fee was married to Elizabeth N. Harris, of Boston ; 
they have one daughter living : Alice B. Fee. 

Fenderson, I.orv Hacon, was born in Biddeford, 
Me., March 31, 1855, but early came to this city, 
which has since been his home. He graduated 
from the English High School, and began the study 
of dentistry, in 1872, under Dr. Isaac J. Wetherbee. 
He then entered the Boston Dental College, from 
which institution he received his degree in 1876. 
He immediately began practice and has had a most 
successfiil career. He was a demonstrator at the 
Dental College for a term of three years. He is a 
member of the Massachusetts Dental Society, and 
of the Boston Dental Alumni Association. During 
his college life he made a special study of elocu- 
tion, displaying marked ability in this department, 
and is now frequently engaged to deliver public 
recitations. 

Fisher, Theoikire Willis, M.D., was born in 
Westborough, Mass., May 29, 1837. His ancestors 
on both sides were of English origin, and came to 
New England soon after its settlement. His father 
was Hon. M. M. Fisher, of Medway, Mass. His 
mother, Eleanor Metcalf, was the daughter of Hon. 
Luther Metcalf. His early years were spent in Med- 
way, and he fitted for college at Williston Seminary, 
and Phillips (Andover) Academy. He graduated in 
medicine at Harvard in 1861 ; served as resident 
physician at Deer Island a year, and then was com- 
missioned surgeon of the Forty-fourth regiment, 
Massachusetts Volunteer Militia. In 1863 he was 
appointed assistant physician to the Boston Luna- 
tic Hospital, resigning in 1869. In 1867 he 



made the tour of foreign insane hos))itals, spending 
five months abroad. For ten years he was exam- 
ining physician to the board of directors for public 
institutions. In practice he made a specialty of 
insanity, writing much on the subject. He was 
for several years on the staff of the " Boston Medi- 
cal and Surgical Journal." He often appeared 
in court as an expert, and was called to Washington 
in the ("ruiteau case. In 1881 he was appointed 
superintendent of the Boston Lunatic Hospital, a 
position he now holds. He has been a persistent 
advocate of the plan of having the city care for all 
her insane in hospitals near home, and has lived to 
see the policy of the city reversed in this matter. 
He has long given clinical instruction in mental dis- 
eases to Har\-ard students, and is at present lecturer 
on mental diseases in the Medical School. In 
1890 he attended the International Medical Con- 
gress at Berlin, and visited many of the newer in- 
sane hospitals in England and Germany. He is 
a member of the .American Medical Association, 
the Association of American Superintendents, the 
Massachusetts Medical Society, the Harvard Medi 
cal School Association, the New England Psychical 
Society, and the Boston Medical Psychical Society. 
His first wife was Maria C, daughter of Dr. Artemas 
Brown, of Medway, to whom he was married in 
1858. In 1873 he was married to Ella G., daugh- 
ter of J. W. Richardson, of Boston, and has five 
children : Willis R., Edward M., Gertrude, Florence, 
and Margery Fisher. 

FiskE, Gec.rce M., was born in Mcdfiehl, Mass., 
in 1842. He received his education in the public 
schools of that town. He served in the Forty-second 
Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, during the Ci\il 
War, and for several years after was engaged in farm- 
ing in Medfield. In 187 1 he entered the employ 
of James Edmond & Co., manufacturers and im- 
porters of fire-brick, sewer-pipes, etc., whose fac- 
tory and wharf, leased from the Boston Fire Brick 
Company, was at No. 394 Federal street. He re- 
mained with Edmond & Co. until 1877, when he 
formed a copartnership with K. B. Coleman, under 
the firm name of Fiske & Coleman, and opened an 
office at No. 72 Water street, for the sale of fire- 
brick, sewer pipe, etc. The firm were the first to 
introduce into New England, on a large scale, the 
Akron salt glazed sewer-pipe, manufactured at Akron, 
Ohio. They also imported largely fire-brick and 
sewer-pipe. In 1880 James Edmond, the sole sur- 
viving member of James Edmond & Co., concluded 
to discontinue business, and a proposition was made 
bv the Boston Fire Brick Comi)anvt() Fiske c\: Cole- 



BOSTON OF TO-DAV. 



man that they merge their business under a corpo- 
ration, Fiske & Coleman to have the management. 
This was done, under the tide of the Boston Fire 
Brick Works, Fiske & Coleman, managers. The 
business was thus continued until 1885, when Wil- 
liam Homes was admitted to partnership, and the 
firm became Fiske, Coleman, & Co. In 1S81 the 
Boston Terra Cotta Company was formed for the 
manufacture of architectural terra-cotta, and while 
a separate corporation, it was placed under the 
management of Fiske, Coleman, & Co., the manu- 
facture being carried on at their F"ederal-street 
works. This business soon outgrew its quarters, 
and in 1886 the fire-brick plant of Newton, Morton, 
iS; Co., on K street, South Boston, was purchased, 
and the manufacture of fire-brick and gas-retorts 
was moved there, the Federal-street works being 
reserved solely for the manufacture of terra-cotta. 
.^mong the many prominent buildings furnished 
with bricks and terra-cotta from these works are the 
Youth's Companion building, the Shoe and Leather 
Exchange, the Columbia Theatre, the Iv\eter Cham- 
bers, in this city ; the fjrockton Court House ; the 




GEORGE M. FISKE. 

Potter Building, Park Row, and the Catholic Club, 
Sgth street, New York City ; the " Brooklyn Eagle " 
building, Brooklyn, N.Y. ; the Young Men's Library, 
Buffalo, N.Y. ; the Park Theatre, Philadelphia ; and 
the new Pension Building, Washington. Another 
important branch of the clay-working industry in 



late years entered upon by Mr. Fiske and his as- 
sociates, is the production of faience for interior and 
exterior decoration. Notable work successfully 
executed is seen in the corridors of the Charles- 
gate apartment-house, on Beacon street, and those 
of the Adams House extension, the arches of the 
Stony Brook bridge, Boston park department, and 
in the house of M. J. Jessop in Lenox. Mr. Fiske 
is the inventor of the Boston brick ashlar, a new 
and unique form of building material, upon which 
he has secured several patents. Mr. Fiske resides in 
Newton, where he has served in the city government 
and in other capacities. 

Fiske, John Minot, deputy collector of the port 
of Boston, son of John Minot and Eliza ^Laria 
(Winn) Fiske, of Salem, was born in Boston Aug. 
1 7, 1834. He fitted for college at Phillips (Andover) 
Academy, graduating therefrom in the class of 1852. 
Then he entered Yale, from which he graduated in 
1856. He studied law at the Harvard Law School, 
and was also a student in the office of Col. Seth J. 
Thomas. He was admitted to the Suffolk bar in the 
year 1859, and practised his profession for some 
years, having an office at No. 46 Court street. 
He was a member of the Boston common coun- 
cil from old Ward 4 (now Ward 10) for the 
years 1862 and 1863. In May, 1863, he was 
appointed deputy naval officer of the port of 
Boston under Hon. Amos Tuck, then naval officer ; 
and in November of the same year, deputy col- 
lector of the port under Hon. J. Z. Goodrich, 
collector. At one time he was special deputy 
collector and auditor of the port. Thus it will be 
observed he has been in continuous service in the 
customs at the port of Boston since May, 1863 ; 
at present (1892) as special deputy collector under 
Hon. A. W. Beard, collector. Mr. Fiske was chair- 
man of the civil-service board of examiners in the 
customs service at this port when it was first organ- 
ized in 1883, and held that position until the year 
1886, when he resigned it. On June i, 1864, Mr. 
Fiske was married at Stockbridge to Isabella Landon, 
daughter of the Hon. John Z. (ioodrich; their 
children are Sallie Goodrich and John Landon 
Fiske. 

Fitch, Robert Gershom, was born in Sheffield, 
Mass., May 19, 1846. Until he was twenty years 
of age he worked on a farm, and then studying at 
the South Berkshire Institute, New Marlborough, he 
entered Williams College, and graduated in 1870. 
While at college he was the editor of the " Williams 
Quarterlv," received an honorary oration at Com- 



fJOSroN OF TO-DAY. 



mencement, and was chosen a member of the Phi l!eta 
Kappa Society. Mr. Fitch's tastes were in the line 
of journalism, and from 1870 to 1872 he was asso- 
ciated with the " Springfield Republican." In the 
latter year he joined the staff of the "Boston 
Post," rising through the different editorial dejjart- 




ROBERT G. FITCH. 

ments until he became editor-in-chief. He is a 
brilliant, able journalist, thorough in iletails and 
judicious yet fearless in his opinions. In May, 
1886, he was appointed fire commissioner, by 
Mayor O'Brien, and reappointed in 1889 by Mayor 
Hart. He is now chairman of the board, and his 
administration has been characterized by efficiency 
and fidelity to his duties. Mr. Fitch is a member 
of the Boston Press Club and of the Papyrus Club. 

Fnz, Frank E., oldest son of Eustace and Sarah 
J. (Blanchard) Fitz, was born in Cambridge, Mass., 
Nov. 14, 1857. He was educated in the public 
schools of Chelsea and in Brown University, from 
which he graduated in 1880. He studied law at the 
Harvard Law School two years, and then at the 
Boston University Law School, taking the degree of 
LL.B. in 1883. The same year, in July, he was 
admitted to the Suffolk bar. He formed a co- 
partnership with J.Converse Clray in January, 1884, 
which continued until 1890. Then it was dissolved, 
and Mr. Fitz continued alone at No. 23 Court 
street, practising as general corporation counsel. 



In February, 1889, he was elected city solicitor of 
Chelsea, which office he now holds. In politics he 
is a Republican. He is a director of the Boston & 
Lockport Block Company and of several other manu- 
facturing companies, and is a trustee of the County 
Savings Bank of Chelsea. He is a member of the 
Review Club of Chelsea, and of D.K.E. Fraternitv. 
i)n Nov. 20, 1884, he was married to Miss Ade- 
line F. Slade, of Chelsea ; they have two sons : 
F>ustace C. and David S. Fitz. In religion he is a 
Baptist. 

FrrzCJKKAi.i), Desmomi, civil engineer, was born 
in Nassau, N.P., May 20, 1846. He was brought 
to Providence, R.I., when three years old. He at- 
tended the Providence High School, and then 
Phillips (Exeter) Academy; and studied a year 
in Paris. He held the position of deputy secre- 
tary of State of Rhode Island for a year, and 
also acted as private secretary to General Burn- 
side. He subsequently adopted the profession of 
a civil engineer, and has been engaged on important 
public works since 1867. In 187 1 he removed to 
Boston. He was appointed superintendent of the 
Western Division Boston Water Works in 1873, 
and in addition to this position, which he now holds, 
he has since been appointed resident engineer for 
the additional supply of water for Boston. During 
his exjierience he has been engaged for four years 
in l)\iilding railroads in the West, and for two years 
was engineer of the Boston & Albany Railroad. He 
is past president of the Boston Society of Civil 
Engineers, a director of the American Society of 
Civil Engineers, treasurer of the Council of the 
New England Meteorological Society, fellow of the 
Royal Meteorological Society of England, and a 
member of the corporation of the Institute of 
Technology, besides holding other positions of 
public trust. 

Flood, Thomas W., is a native of Ireland, and 
was born Nov. 7, 1857. He came to the United 
States in 1869, and becoming a resident of Boston 
a year later, was here employed by Thomas John- 
son and D. A. Noonan, the former's successor, in the 
grocery and provision business. Here he remained 
until 1884, when he was appointed clerk in the 
street department of the city of Boston. In De- 
cember, 1889, he was elected to the board of 
aldermen, as a Democrat from the Seventh .Alder- 
manic District, and reelected in 1890 and 1S91. 
In March, 1890, he engaged in the real-estate and 
insurance business, at No. 474A West Broad- 
wav, South Boston. He is a member of the 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Knights of Honor, the Ancient t)rder of United 
Workmen, the Royal Arcanum, the South Boston 
Citizens' Association, the Washington Village Im- 
provement Association, the Irish Charitable Society, 
anil many other organizations. 

1'"lu\ver, Benjamin O., was born in Albion, 111., 
( )rt. 19, 1858. His education began under private 




O. FLOWER. 



tutors at his home. His tamily removing to Evans- 
ville, Ind., he there entered the public schools, which 
he attended for three years, going from the Evans- 
ville High School to the Kentucky University, Lex- 
ington, Ky., where he finished his education. It 
was his intention to enter the ministry, but owing to 
a change of religious views, he resolved to adopt 
journalism as a profession ; and with this idea in 
view he became the editor and publisher of " The 
American Sentinel," a weekly social and literary 
paper published at his home, Albion, 111. In 1881 
he moved to Philadelphia, Pa., and became asso- 
ciated with his brother. Dr. Richard C. Flower, 
taking charge of his correspondence. A few years 
later he came to Boston, and began the publication 
here of " The American Spectator," which was sub- 
sequently merged into " The Arena." His idea in 
founding this magazine was not pecuniary gain, but 
to afford a field of combat where the intellectual 
giants could defend those principles which aji- 
peared to them to be founded on truth, justice, and 



wisdom, and to give a fair hearing to radical and 
progressive thinkers who so largely mould the 
thought of the world, but who in their day are often 
denied a hearing in the great arena of thought. 
The success of this publication has more than ful- 
filled his fondest anticipations ; its articles have 
commanded attention and been widely quoted. 
Mr. Flower is a thoughtful man, a fluent conversa- 
tionalist, with a mind stored with information. On 
the great social, political, and ethical questions of 
the day he entertains most decided opinions, and 
fearlessly advocates them. He has been a frequent 
contributor to leading newspapers and magazines, 
and is the author of " Lessons learned from Other 
Lives," a book which has been widely read. He 
is a prolific writer, and clearness of diction, com- 
bined with eloquence and elegance, characterize 
his literary efforts. His religious views are pro- 
nounced, but liberal. He has a pew in the Rev. 
M. J. Sa\age's church, and is an earnest supporter 
of the views held by the so-called evolutionary 
school of Unitarians. He was married Sept. 10, 
1886, to Miss Hattie Cloud, of Evansville, Ind. 

Flower, Rich.^rd Charles, son of Alfred and 
Elizabeth (Orange) Flower, was born in Albion, 
111., Dec. II, 1849. His early education was ac- 
quired in private schools in his native town. At 
eleven years of age he was sent to the Northwestern 
University, Indianapolis, Ind., and there pursuing a 
thorough course, was graduated in the class of 1868. 
He then studied law and was admitted to practice, 
but upon the solicitation of family and friends he 
relinquished it and entered the ministry. In this 
field he met with remarkable success, preaching in 
various places in Illinois, Indiana, and Kentucky. 
His last call was to the city of Alliance, O., in De- 
cember, 1875. About this time he resolved to 
enter the field towards which his thoughts had been 
for many years turned. From boyhood he had been 
interested in the natural sciences, and acquiring by 
study a love for organic structure, he had a desire, 
soon after his graduation from college, for the pro- 
fessional career of a physician. Accordingly he 
entered the Cincinnati Health College, having pre- 
viously gone through a thorough preparation with 
Andrew Strong, M.D., of Troy, N.Y., who was so 
long connected with Bellevue Hospital. After grad- 
uation from the medical college he immediately 
began practice. He built up a phenomenal busi- 
ness in Philadelphia and New York, and in 1882 
coming to Boston, continued his regular practice 
here, distinguishing himself by his peculiar manner 
of diagnosis and large volume of business. In the 



;28 



BOSTON OF TO-DAV. 



early part of 18S9 Dr. Flower opened the " Hotel 
Flower " on Columbus avenue, palatial in construc- 
tion and appointments. Here were combined the 
features of the home, hotel, and hospital without the 




RICHARD C. FLOWER. 

disagreeable accompaniments of the latter. Subse- 
quently he leased the property and it became the 
Grand Hotel. Dr. Flower was first married in 
December, 187 i, in Jeffersonville, Ind., to Miss Ella 
Nicholson ; of this union there were two children, 
Altus D. and Jewell Flower. His second marriage 
was in July, 1877, to Miss Maude M. Manfull ; they 
have one child, Kvangeline Flower. 

Flovd, DavU), Second, son of Edward and Lucretia 
(Tewksbury) Floyd, was born in Winthrop, Mass., 
Oct. 26, 1854. He was educated in the public 
schools of his native town, and at French's Com- 
mercial College. He began his business career as 
a clerk in a general store in Winthrop, where he re- 
mained for several years. Then he gave his atten- 
tion to the real-estate interests of the locality. At 
the age of twenty-eight he was elected one of the 
assessors of Wmthrop, and realizing the importance 
of a more comprehensive system of keeping real- 
estate records than was then in use, he established 
the so-called block system, of writing up and record- 
ing the changes of every parcel of land in the town. 
Winthrop was the first town in this Commonwealth 
to adopt this system. Having been concerned in 



real estate formerly in charge of his father, whose 
death occurred in 1879, Mr. Floyd resolved to adopt 
real estate as a permanent business, and 1889 he 
formed a partnership with Frank W. Tucker, under 
the firm name of Floyd & Tucker, establishing 
offices in Winthrop and Boston. Under careful 
and enterprising management, the business has 
grown to large proportions. Mr. Floyd has held 
many offices of trust and responsibility. He has been 
town treasurer since 1883, chairman of the Republi- 
can town committee, is trustee and was one of the 
founders of the Winthrop Public Library, is president 
of the Law and Order League and of the Winthrop 
Horticultural Society, was clerk of the Boston & Win- 
throp and Point Shirley Railroads, and is trustee and 
steward of the Winthrop Methodist Episcopal Church. 
He was a member of the lower house of the Legisla- 
ture in 1888-1889, and served on the committees on 
mercantile affairs, engrossed bills, and taxation (chair- 
man). In 1880 he began a four years' course of 
study in the Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Cir- 
cle, graduating therefrom in 1884. On June 9, 

1886, Mr. Floyd was married to Miss Belle A., 
daughter of Charles T. Seavey. 

Flvnn, Euwakii J., son of JNLaurice and Mary 
(McSweeny) Flynn, was born in Boston June 16, 
1859. He acquired his education in the Boston 
public schools and in Boston College, from which 
he graduated in 1881 valedictorian of his class, 
with the customary degree, receiving in 1SS4 that 
of A.M. He studied law in the Boston University 
Law School, graduating in 1884, and the same year 
took a special course in the Harvard Law School. 
Also admitted to the Suffolk bar that year, he at 
once began practice, opening an office in this city. 
Elected to the lower house of the Legislature from the 
Sixth Suffolk District and twice reelected, he served 
during 1885, 1886, and 1888, taking an active part 
in the debates and as a member of the important 
committees on probate and insolvency, election 
laws, the judiciary, and constitutional amendments. 
He was identified with several important measures, 
among them the credibility of witnesses, and the 
biennial elections bills, and the resolve to abolish 
the poll-tax as a prerequisite for voting. In 1886, 

1887, and 1888 he was also a director of the East 
Boston ferries. In 1889 he was first elected to 
the governor's council, upon which he served, the 
only Democratic member, in 1890, 1891, and 1892. 
He was the youngest man who ever sat in the execu- 
tive council. He is a member of the Democratic 
city committee ; of the Har\'ard Law School and the 
Boston University Associations ; the Boston College 



BOSTON OF TO-DAV. 



!29 



Alumni Association, of wliich he was the first secre- 
tary ; and of the Boston CathoHc Union. He was 
the first president of the Paul Revere Division Mas- 
sachusetts United Benevolent Association. Mr. 
Flynn is unmarried. 

Fogg, John Samuel Hill, M.D., was born in Kliot, 
Me., May 21, 1826. He was educated in the 
schools of Eliot and at Bowdoin College, where he 
graduated A.B. in 1846 and .iV.M. in 1849. Then 
he studied in the Harvard Medical School, gradu- 
ating M.D. in 1850. He established himself in 
South Boston, where he has since remained in pri- 
vate practice, occupying a foremost position among 
the physicians of that section of the city. He has 
given much attention also to local matters. He was 
a valued member of the school board in 1854, and 
again from 1868 to 1874 ; and as a member of the 
lower house of the Legislature in 1854 and 1855, 
ably represented his constituents. He is a member 
of the Massachusetts Medical Society and of various 
other medical organizations, and has contributed for 
seventeen years to the Clynaecological Society. He 
has long been a close student of American history, 
and is a corresponding member of the Maine His- 
torical Society. Dr. Fogg was married first to Miss 
Sarah Frances Gordon of South Berwick, Me., July 
II, 1850, and second to Miss Sarah Griselda Clinch, 
April 2, 1872. 

FiiGG, ^VILLH^I John Gordon, M.D., son of 
Dr. John S. H. Fogg, was born in .South Boston 
Aug. 7, 1 85 1. He was educated in grammar 
schools there ; the Boston Latin School, graduat- 
ing in 1869 ; and at Harvard, graduating A.M. in 
1S73 and M.D. in 1876. He was then connected 
with the Boston City Dispensary for three years, at 
the same time conducting a private practice in 
South Boston. He has been examining physician 
for the Travellers Insurance Company, Hartford, for 
ten years ; was for three years examining physician 
for the South Boston Horse Railroad Company ; and 
since the consolidation of the street railways has 
been one of the examining physicians for the West 
End Street Railroad Company. He is a member of 
the Massachusetts Medical Society and of other pro- 
fessional organizations. On Nov. 4, 1880, Dr. Fogg 
was married to Miss Ella F., daughter of Henry E. 
Bradlee, of Sharon, Mass. 

F(iLLETT, John .Atwood, M.D., was born in 
Centre Harbor, N.H., Feb. 17, 1834. Receiving 
his early education in the public schools of Kings- 
ton, N.H., he prepared for college, entering Dart- 



mouth and graduating in the class of 1857. .Among his 
classmates were ex-Gov. Edward F. Noyes, of Ohio, 
Rev. William Burnett Wright, James B. Richardson 
( formerly corporation counsel of the city of Boston, 



^ %^^ 




JOHN A. FOLLETT. 

and now a rapid-transit commissioner), and the 
late Gen. Henry Fuller. He was for a time en- 
gaged in teaching in schools in Kingston, and then, 
choosing the medical profession for his lifework, 
he entered the Albany Medical College, from which 
he graduated in 1858. In 1862 he joined the Union 
army, remaining until the close of the war. He was 
at first surgeon of the Thirty-ninth Ohio Infantry, 
and afterwards medical inspector of the Sixteenth 
and Seventeenth Army Corps. Dr. FoUett is dean of 
the Boston Dental College, — the only case on record 
where a physician has acted as dean for a dental 
college. He was the first dean of this college, and 
has served in this capacity for eighteen years, the 
last twelve successive. He is a member of the New 
England Mutual Accident .Association, and its medical 
director. He is a director in the Kiesel Fire Brick 
Company. Dr. Follett has been in active and suc- 
cessful practice here in Boston since 1866. 

FousoM, WiLLLAM A., son of James A. and Eliza- 
beth A. (Waterhouse) Folsom, was born in Rox- 
bury Oct. 14, 1858. He was educated in public 
and private schools. He began business with the 
late William G. Thacher as clerk, and is now a 



30 



DSTON OF TO-DAY. 



trustee and manager of various important estates. 
He u-as married Oct. 14, 1885, to Miss Mary E. 




WILLIAM A. FOLSOM. 

Dimmock ; they have two children : \Villiam Thacher 
and Marguerite E. Folsom. 

FiiRS.AnH, William J., son of Josiah Forsaith, a 
graduate of Dartmouth College and a practitioner 
of law both in New Hampshire and in this State, 
was born in Newport, N.H., April 19, 1836. He 
was educated in his native town, and prepared for 
college at the Kimball Union Academy, Meriden, 
N.H., after which he spent two years in Amherst 
College, and then entering Dartmouth, graduated in 
1857. He read law with Messrs. Burke & Wait, 
of Newport, N.H., and later with B. F. Hallett and 
Messrs. Ranney & Morse in this city, a term in the 
Harvard Law School completing his legal studies. 
He was admitted to the Suffolk bar in i860, and 
practised until 1872, when he was appointed special 
justice of the municipal court. In March, 1882, 
he received his present appointment of associate 
justice of the municipal court. 

Foss, James H., son of Joshua and Eliza (Foss) 
F'oss, was born in Charleston, Me., July 25, 1842. 
He was educated in the public schools of Rowley, 
Mass., at Dummer Academy, Byfield, and at Brown 
University, from which he graduated in the class of 
1863. \\hile fitting for college he taught school in 



Barrington, N.H., at the early age of fifteen, and at 
that time, impressed with a belief that it was his mis- 
sion, preached from the Baptist pulpits of the sur- 
rounding towns. After graduation he continued 
teaching, successfully following the profession for a 
number of years. He taught in the high school, 
Bristol, Conn., in the House of Refuge, Randall's 
Island, N.Y., Williams Academy, Stockbridge, and in 
schools in Beverly, Winchester, and Newton. He 
was also for some time superintendent of schools in 
Rowley. Leaving his profession on account of ill 
health, he was appointed by the late Hon. George B. 
Loring, when United States commissioner of agricul- 
ture, deputy commissioner. L^pon his retirement 
from this position he became interested in Florida 
lands ; and he has since founded and built the flour- 
ishing towns of Altamont, Orange county, and Belle- 
view, Marion county. In the former he built the 
famous Altamont hotel. Mr. Foss is an ardent Re- 
publican, and is at present president of the Needham 
Repubhcan Club. He has been twice married. 
His first wife was Mary H. Burnhani, of Gloucester ; 
she left three children, Mary P., Ada, and Ida Foss. 
His second marriage was on June 20, 187S, in 
AUston, to Lilian A. Washburn ; they have one 
child, Elizabeth Foss. 

Fox, John A., architect, was born in Newbury- 
port Dec. 23, 1835. He was educated in the 
Boston schools. After a course of study of civil 
engineering in the office of Messrs. Whitweli & 
Henck, and a few years' practice in field and office 
work, he entered the office of B. F. Dwight, archi- 
tect, where he remained, except during the years of 
the Civil War, until he entered on independent 
practice. He began the practice of his profession 
in Boston in 1870. He is the architect of the re- 
modelled interior of the Master Builders' Associa- 
tion ISuilding and Exchange, No. 164 Devonshire 
street ; of the Keeler Building, Washington street, 
the Homans Building, Harrison avenue, the Thomas 
Building, corner of Winter and Tremont streets, the 
City Block, City Theatre, and Field Building in 
Brockton, and other fine business-houses and dwell- 
ings in Boston and vicinity. Among his most 
notable theatre-designs are the Providence Opera 
House, the Lewiston Music Hall, and the Chelsea 
Academy of Music. He is not a specialist, but he 
has engaged in every branch of design and con- 
struction, and he has never been associated with 
any other architect. 

Fkknxh, J. Warrex, was born in Phillijis, Me., 
in 1849. He attended the ]iublic schools of liis 




i:^ 3^^:^^ 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



231 



native town until he reached eighteen, when he was 
apprenticed to the plumbing trade. After he had 
learned his trade, he engaged in business for him- 
self In 1879 he formed a partnership with Na- 
thaniel Bosworth, under the firm name of Bosworth 
&: French, and an extensive plumbing, steam and 
gas fitting business was established at No. 7 Apple- 
ton street, Boston. The business has steadily in- 
creased, and the firm now employ about fifty hands. 
Their work appears in a large number of the best 
residences in Boston and the suburbs. 

Frink, Ai.nF.N, railroad architect, was born in 
Woodstock, Vt., April iS, 1833. He has earned 
his own living since he was nine years old. Work- 
ing on a farm until the age of fifteen, he then 
learned the carpenter's trade. This occupation 
he followed for six years in Windsor, Vt., and 
Worcester, Mass., during which time he learned the 
draughting of plans, and when twenty-one years of 
age he began the study of architecture in the office 
of Elbridge Boyden, in Worcester. After remain- 
ing there three years, in the spring of 1857 he 
came to Boston, and was employed by the United 
States government as a draughtsman in the new 
Minot's Ledge Lighthouse. In 1859 he visited 
Europe, travelling through England, Ireland, and 
Scotland, as well as on the Continent. In i860 he 
returned to this country and opened an architect's 
office in Boston, at No. 28 State street, where he 
has been located ever since. Mr. Frink has built 
over fifty stores and over one hundred dwellings, 
ranging in cost from ^5,000 to $150,000, and a 
number of school-houses, engine-houses, and police 
stations for the city of Boston. He also built the 
New England Manufacturers' and Mechanics' Insti- 
tute Building in this city, which was destroyed by 
fire in 1886. For the past six or seven years he 
has built quite a number of railroad stations for the 
Boston & Maine Railroad Company, at Woburn, 
Somerville Highlands, Winter Hill, Prospect Hill, 
Wakefield, Marblehead, Lynn Common, and other 
places, and is at present (1892) engaged on the 
new station at Lowell. He has also made extensive 
additions to the Lowell station in Boston. Mr. 
Frink was married in Boston Feb. 28, 1859, to Miss 
Roxana Folsom, daughter of Benjamin Folsom, of 
Vienna, Me., and resides in the Roxbury district. 

Frost, Gf.orce F^dmund, son of George Henry 
and Susan M. (Pond) Frost, was born in Franklin, 
Mass., March, 1850. He received a common- 
school education. At the age of fourteen he left 
school and went to Jacksonville, Fla., as clerk in 



his father's store for one year. Then he returned 
to the North. In 1869 he began the coal trade 
with his fother, — who had also returned North, — 
at Neponset, with office at No. 488 Neponset 
avenue ; and he has continued ever since as a 
dealer in coal, wood, and masons' materials. In 
politics Mr. Frost is an independent Democrat. 
He has never held office. He is a member of the 
Appleton Methodist F^piscopal Church, Neponset, 
and also a member of Neponset Lodge, No. 84, 
Odd Fellows. In June, 1874, he married Miss Clara 
Hawes, daughter of Sylvester Hawes, of Norwood ; 
they had one child, a son, Clarence Edmund Frost. 
His wife died on Dec. 29, 1883. He was again 
married, on Thanksgiving Day, 1887, to Miss Mary 
F. Savage, daughter of William Savage, of Atlantic ; 
they have one child, a son, \Villiam Preston Frost. 

Frost, Rufus S., son of Joseph, jr., and Lucy 
(Wheeler) Frost, was born in Marlborough, Cheshire 
coimty, N.H., July 18, 1826. His fother, a thrifty 
farmer, was a native of this town, as were three suc- 
cessive generations of the same family. The Eng- 
lish ancestor. Elder Edmund Frost, came to this 
country in the ship " Great Hope " during the 
autumn of 1635, from Ipswich, England, accom- 
panied by his wife and son. He settled in Cam- 
bridge, where he became the ruling elder of the First 
Church, which was organized soon after his arrival. 
From this most excellent patriarch nine generations 
have lineally descended, Mr. Frost being in the 
seventh. On his maternal side he derives his origin 
from Thomas Wheeler, who was settled in Townsend 
as early as 1640. His grandfather was David 
Wheeler, who married Rebecca Hoar, of Concord, 
Mass., and was the. first town clerk of Marlborough, 
N.H., in 1776. Mr. Frost, the eighth child of his 
parents, left his native town at the age of seven, 
together with his widowed mother and family, and 
removed to Boston. Here he attended the public 
schools and supplemented this education by a course 
of academic training in Newton. Then he entered 
a wholesale dry-goods house in Boston. By energy, 
aptitude, and ability displayed in this service he 
rapidly rose to the highest position, and at the age 
of twenty-one was admitted to partnershiji in the 
firm, which adopted the title of Osgood & FVost, 
and continued in business for several years. In 
1866 the present firm of Rufus S. Frost & Co. was 
organized for the transaction of a general commis- 
sion business in American goods. Mr. Frost soon 
became extensively engaged in the manufacture of 
woollens. The National Association of Woollen 
Manufacturers was founded Nov. 20, 1S64. Of 



3-2 



BOSTON OF T(l 



i.W. 



that association Hon. J. Wiley Edmunds was 
the first president, and Mr. Frost was his successor 
for seven years. He is now chairman of the execu- 
tive committee. To the rapid development of 
American manufacture during the last twenty-five 
years, Mr. Frost has conspicuously and effectively 
contributed. His administrative ability has been 
recognized by his fellow-citizens, and he has been 
called repeatedly to positions of public honor and 
responsibility. He was mayor of Chelsea, where he 
has resided since his boyhood. In 1867 and in 
1868 he received a practically unanimous reelec- 
tion. In 1 87 1-2 he was a member of the State 
senate, serving on the committees on harbors and 
mercantile affairs, and was chairman of the same 
committees during the latter session. In 1873 and 
1874 he was a member of Governor Washburn's 
council. In 1874 he was elected to the Forty- 
fourth Congress from the F'ourth Congressional 
District, and served with marked ability on the 
committee on railroads and the committee on 
freedmen's affairs. In 1879-80 he was president 
of the Boston board of trade. Mr. Frost has long 
been actively connected with numerous benevo- 
lent and religious societies, and the educational 
institutions of the State have found in him a liberal 
patron and a wise counsellor. He remembered his 
native town by a generous gift in the shape of an 
elegant granite library building furnished with two 
thousand volumes, the deed of the whole being pre- 
sented to the citizens of Marlborough, N.H., Aug. 26, 
1867. To this was added also a fund of §5,000, the 
interest annually accruing from which to be used for 
the purchase of additional books, now numbering 
over five thousand volumes. In honor of the donor, 
it was named by the town the "Frost Free Library." 
In 1873 he was president of the Congregational 
Club of Boston, and for several years has been presi- 
dent of the American Congregational Association, a 
national organization which owns the Congregational 
House on Beacon street. For several years he was 
president of the Massachusetts Homceopathic Hos- 
pital, and has recently established a general hospital 
in the city of Chelsea, containing rooms for fifty 
patients, a fine operating-room for the surgeons, all 
heated by steam, with all modern improvements 
and comforts, and thorough ventilation ; this he has 
presented to his fellow-citizens upon condition that 
no human being shall ever be denied treatment 
because of poverty or race or color, and that e\ery 
patient may choose by which school of medicine he 
or she shall be treated. To the credit of the 
physicians of Chelsea let it be stated that they are 
working together harmoniously and most success- 



fully upon this plan. For twenty-eight years Mr. 
Frost has been a director in the North National 
Bank of Boston, and was in 1891 unanimously elected 
its president. Mr. Frost has been twice married. 
His first wife was Ellen M., daughter of Hon. 
Charles and Amelia (Ripley) Hubbard. His second 
marriage occurred in Corning, N.Y., on June 18, 
1879, with Catherine Emily, daughter of Benjamin 
C. and Catherine (Matthews) Wickham. He has 
had si.x children : Charles Hubbard, Ellen Amelia, 
John Osgood (deceased), Emma Wheeler, Rufus 
Haskell, and Albert Plumb Frost. 

Fuller, Frank, son of Seth W. and Annie Dewitt 
(Cross) Fuller, was born in Boston Aug. 5, 1850. 
He was educated in the public schools. He began 
his business career when sixteen years old in the 
establishment of his father, and upon the latter's 
death some years ago he succeeded to the control 
and management of the business. The firm was 
founded in 1809 by his grandfather, Seth Fuller, 
who was the first person in Boston to make an 
entirely distinct business of hanging mechanical 
bells and speaking-tubes. His father, Seth W. 
Fuller, who succeeded to the business in 1835, 




while continuing it along the same lines, was the 
Ijioneer of the electrical business in Boston, if not 
in the United States, having begun to install electric 
bells about twenty-five years ago. At that time he 



BOSTON OF TO-DAV 



^33 



was obliged to imijort annunciators, wire, batteries, 
and even the ordinary wood push-button, from Paris ; 
but the business has since grown to such magnitude 
that not an article now used by the house is im- 
ported. During the management of Frank Fuller, 
the installation of incandescent electric lights has be- 
come one of its most important branches. Mr. Ful- 
ler is a past master of Mt. Lebanon Lodge Free 
Masons ; a member of the Commandery and St. 
Paul's Royal Chapter, Boston Lodge of Perfection, 
and Aleppo Mystic Shrine. He belongs to the 
Ancient and Honorable .-Vrtillery Company, and is a 
member of the Charitable Mechanic Association. 
Mr. Fuller was married May 25, 1891,10 Miss Annie 
C. Littlefield. 

Fuller, Lorin L., son of David C. and Maria 
(Lovejoy) Fuller, was born in Readfield, Me., Jan. 




LORIN L. FULLER. 

25, 1820. He obtained his early education in 
public schools in his native State. In the spring of 
1839 he came to Boston, and in 1845 began busi- 
ness on his own account as carpenter. F"or forty- 
five years he has been a real-estate dealer and 
builder in the city. For a number of years 
he resided in Melrose, which he represented in 
the Legislature of 1859, and in i860 moved to 
Maiden, where he now resides. He served as 
alderman during the first year of the organization 
of the Maiden city government, was mayor of the 



city in 1884 and 1885, and again alderman in 1887. 
For ten years he was a member of the water board ; 
he has been a member of the Industrial Aid Society 
from its organization to the present time, and he is 
an active member of the Maiden Improvement 
Association. At the time of the separation of 
F>erett from Maiden, he was chairman of the com- 
mittee for the .nljustnicnt and dividing of the town- 
ship property, and his able and satisfactory negotia- 
tion gained for him the respect and esteem of his 
fellow-citizens. In politics he is a conservative 
Democrat. Mr. Fuller w,is inirried in Sebec, Me., 
Nov. 8, 1852, to I iM V r.. iliughter of John and 
Lydia (Brown) Loxcjoy; tlii\' have four children: 
Henry L., M. Louise, Everett L., and L. Alma 
Fuller. Mrs. Fuller died April 11, 1886. At 
Maiden, June 20, 1889, Mr. Fuller was again 
married, to Mrs. Annie Hornsby, daughter of 
Thomas and Lydia Stewart, of Hartland, Me. 



GAHM, Joseph, is a native of Germany, born in 
Mergentheim, Wurtemberg, in 1835. After 
attending the schools of his native town from his 
sixth to his fourteenth year, he was apprenticed for 
three years to learn the tailoring trade, during which 
period he also received instruction in music, having 
developed quite a talent in that direction. In 1854, 
when but eighteen years of age, he decided to come 
to America, and accordingly sailed for New York, 
coming from that city direct to Boston, where his 
brother was then residing. For five years he 
worked at his trade here in Boston, gave music 
lessons, and played different instruments in several 
musical organizations. In 1856 he became a 
member of the Navy Yard Band, and remained 
with that organization until 1862, engaging at the 
same time in business. F'irst he established a 
tailoring establishment in Charlestown, and then, 
abandoning that enterprise, opened a restaurant. 
The latter prospered, and in 1865, removing to larger 
quarters, he added a billiard hall. Desiring a larger 
field, in 1878 he decided to move to Boston proper, 
and selling out his interests in Charlestown he 
established himself at Nos. 83 and 85 State street. 
Here he opened one of the best-equipped restau- 
rants in the city, and his patrons from the start 
were leading down-town merchants, bankers, and 
brokers. It was not long before he was compelled 
to occupy the entire building in order to accom- 
modate his increasing trade. In 1872 Mr. Gahni 
took the agency for all New England for the Joseph 
Schlitz Brewing Company of Milwaukee, and three 
years after his removal to State street this business 



34 



BOSTON Ol 



had so increased that he was obliged to transfer his 
bottUng works back to Charlestown, where he erected 
a large building for them. In 1878 he decided to 
give all his time and attention to this agency, and to 




bring all the departments of the business under one 
roof in Boston ; accordingly he began the erection 
of a large five-story brick business block on the 
corner of Hartford and Purchase streets, and upon 
its completion the following year he retired from 
the restaurant business and removed his beer busi- 
ness to the ne\v building. Mr. Gahm has confined 
his operations to his one line of business, his only 
other investments having been made in real estate, 
in which he has also met with success. Since 1864 
Mr. Gahm has been a member of the Masonic 
fraternity, and to-day is a thirty-second degree 
Mason, a Knight Templar and a member of the 
Mystic Shrine. He is also a member of various 
other organizations of a social and benevolent 
nature. Mr. Gahm was married in Boston, in 1S56, 
to Barbara Hoartel, who was also a native of \\' urtem- 
berg, Germany ; they have had six children, four of 
whom are living. All have enjoyed the best of educa- 
tional advantages offered by the Boston schools ; have 
also been given good musical instruction, and have 
taken a course in Bryant & Stratton's business college. 
Mr. Gahm's winter residence is at No. 31 Monu- 
ment square, Charlestown district, and his summer 
residence at VVinthrop Island. 



Gai.k, William B., son of John Gale, an early 
resident of Lawrence, Mass., was born in South- 
ampton, N.H., Aug. 8, 1829. He fitted for college 
at the Amesbury private school, and took a two 
years' course in Harvard. Then he began the 
study of law at Concord, N.H., with Franklin 
Pierce, completing his studies with Judge Asa 
Fowler of that city. Admitted to the bar in 1853, 
he began practice in Marlborough, Mass., in July 
that year. Soon after the war he opened an office 
in Boston, giving up his office in Marlborough a few 
years later. Here he has since remained. He has 
a thoroughly general commercial practice. He has 
resided in Boston for the last thirteen years. He is 
,1 Kt_|Mililican in politics, and was chairman of the 
Middlesex county Republican committee for twelve 
years. He has never aspired to office. He has been 
l^rominently identified with the Masonic order, and 
is now a thirty-second degree Mason. He is chair- 
man of the council of administration of Knights of 
Pythias. His son, John P. Gale, who was a prominent 
voiing lawyer of Seattle, Wash., died May 11, 1 S92. 

(;alla(;hlk, Charles Thkodork, son of William 
and Emily C. Gallagher, was born in Boston May 
21, 185 I. After passing through the public schools 
of the city he studied law, following the Harvard 
Law School course, and completing his legal edu- 
cation in the office of Hon. A. A. Ranney. He 
graduated from the Boston University Law School 
in 1875, and was admitted to the Suffolk bar the 
same year. He has been an active member of the 
school committee for ten years or more, and for 
two years has been its president. He served one 
term in the State senate (in 1S82), declining a re- 
nomination. He also twice refused a congres- 
sional nomination. In 1864 he enlisted as .a 
drummer-boy in the First L'nattached Massachu- 
setts Infantry. He is now a member of Dahlgren 
Post 2, G..A.R. He is also a member of the Ath- 
letic, the An, and the Curtis Clubs. He is a 
tnistee of the Bird estate and the John Hawes 
fund, two educational funds left for the benefit of 
South Boston people, and a member of the board 
of in\estment of the South Boston Savings Bank. 

(lALviN, (iKdRt^K W., M.I)., son of Johu and Kliza 
(Gevan) Galvin, was born in Somerville, Mass., 
May 4, 1854. He was educated in the public 
schools and Boston College, and studied three 
years in the Harvard Medical School, from which 
he graduated in 1879. Then he began the prac- 
tice of medicine in Boston, and was soon after 
appointed surgeon for the New York iS: New Kng- 



BOSTON OF TO-DAV. 



^3.- 



land and the Old Colony Railroads. In 1891 he 
established the Emergency Hospital in the business 
section of the city, — on Kingston street near by the 
L'nited States Hotel, — equipped for the prompt 
treatment of accident cases ; and to its work and 
develojjment he has zealously devoted himself. Dr. 
Oalvin is a member of the Massachusetts Medical 
Society and of the Gynaecological Society. In 18S1 
he was married to Miss .\lice S. Logan. 

CrALVix, John MncHKi.L, son of John Oalvin, for 
many years superintendent of public grounds, ami 
now the superintendent of public institutions on 
Rainsford Island, was born in Charlestown in 1849. 
He was educated in the public schools, graduating 
from the Dwight School, one of the Franklin-medal 
scholars. Upon leaving school he entered the floral 
business with his fiither, in which he has ever since 
been engaged. He now conducts large and e.xten- 
sive greenhouses for the raising of plants and flowers. 
Mr. (lalvin was a member of the school boaid from 
the Janiaua Plam distru t in 1S72. In 1S91 he 
was elected cit\ ( leik, and reelec ted to this position 



(Hughes) (lalvin, was born in Boston June 21, 
1852. He was educated in the public schools, 
studied law in the Boston University Law School 
and in the office of Charles F. Donnelly, was ad- 




JOHN M. GALVIN. 

in 1892. He is a member of the Clover, Old 
Dorchester, Boston, anil Butler Clubs, and of the 
Charitable Irish Society. Mr. (ialvin was married 
Sept. 15, 1873, to Miss Mary K. Hanlon. 

Galvin, Owen A., son of Patrick and .Marv 




OWEN A. GALVIN. 

niitted to the bar in February, 1876, and began 
l)ractice in Boston in 1881. The same year he 
was a member of the lower house of the Legis- 
lature, ser\-ing upon the committees on education 
and constitutional amendments ; and in 1882, 1883, 
and 1884, of the senate, sendng upon - the com- 
mittees on the liquor law, labor, education, the 
judiciary, antl election laws. He also served upon 
a special committee to visit penal and charitable 
institutions, and on its report the Reformatory 
Prison at Concord and the Homceopathic Hospital 
for the Insane were established. In the senate he 
receiveil the entire vote of the Democratic minority 
for president. In July, 1886, Mr. Galvin was ap- 
pointed by United States district attorney (ieorge 
M. Stearns, assistant United States district attorney, 
and upon Mr. Stearns' resignation in September, 
1887, he was appointed by President Cleveland to 
the chief position. This he held until November, 
1889, when he resigned. He was a member of the 
Democratic city committee in 1879, 1880, 1881, and 
1882, serving the two latter years as vice-president. 
.Mr. (lalvin was married in Boston July 3, 1879, to 
.Miss Jennie T. Sullivan ; they have three children : 
Stephen P., Augustus H., and Frederick S. (lalvin. 



236 



BOSTON OF TO-DAV. 



ClANNEiT, George, son of Luther and t)live 
(Washburn) Gannett, was born in East Bridge water, 
Mass., Oct. 29, 1819. His parents removed to 
Belfast, Me., the year after he was born, and there 
he received his early education and was prepared 
for college. He entered Bowdoin and graduated 
in the class of 1842. Later he received the degree 
of A.M. from his college, and was also elected a 
member of Phi Beta Kappa. For the first two 
years after graduation he was principal of Strafford 
Academy, Strafford, N.H. Then he studied in the 
Bangor Theological Seminary, and soon after grad- 
uating therefrom, in 1847, he was settled over the 
Congregational church in Boothbay Harbor, Me. 
Here he remained three years, when he was com- 
pelled to resign on account of ill health, much to 
the regret of his church people. Soon after he 
opened a private school for girls in West Cambridge 
.(now Arlington), Mass., and subsequently, in 1857, 
removing to Boston, he established here a similar 
school for the thorough training of young women, 
which, as the Gannett Institute, became widely 
known. It was among the earliest of the insti- 
tutions for the higher education of giris, and began 
collegiate work before any of the colleges for 
women were established. The school flourished, 
enjoying a prosperous course until 1891, when 
Dr. Gannett retired to devote hivnself to literary 
pursuits. In 1864 Dr. Gannett was chosen one 
of the examining committee of Harvard College. 
In 187 1 he made an extended tour abroad, visiting 
the great art centres of Europe. In 1887 he 
received the degree of D.D. from Middlebury 
College, Middlebury, Vt. He has been a frequent 
contributor to educational journals and magazines, 
and has lectured on literature, art, and kindred 
subjects. He was first married in 1847, to Miss 
Mary Jane Shaw, of Wolfl:)orough, N.H., who died 
in 1876. In 1877 he married Miss Georgiana, 
daughter of Shubael P. Butterworth, of Warren, 
Mass. 

Garg.w, Thom.^s J., son of Patrick and Rose 
Gargan, was born in Boston Oct. 27, 1844. He 
was educated in the public schools, and, through 
private instruction, in literature and the classics, 
by Rev. Peter Krose, S.J, who fitted him for 
college. He took the course of the Boston Uni- 
versity Law School, graduating in 1873 with the 
degree of LL.B., and further studied in the law 
office of Henry W. Paine. Meantime he had 
served the LTnited States in the Civil War, enlisting 
in 1863, and commissioned as second lieutenant; 
and had had experience in business, having been in 



the dry-goods store 01 Wilkinson, Stetson, & Co., 
agents for A. & W. Sprague and the house of Hoyt, 
Sprague, & Co. He began the practice of law in 
Boston, and has since continued here, meeting with 
gratifying success. Mr. Gargan has long been prom- 




inent in local and State politics, acting with the 
progressive wing of the Democratic party. In 1868, 
1870, and 1876 he was a member of the lower 
house of the Legislature; in 1875 a member of the 
Boston board of overseers of the poor; in 1877-8 
chairman of the board of license commissioners ; 
and in 1880-1 a member of the board of police. 
He is a forcible and brilliant speaker, and among 
his most notable addresses have been the Fourth of 
July oration delivered in 1885 by invitation of the 
city of Boston, and the oration at the ( entt-iinial 
celebration of the Charitable Irish Society of Halifax, 
N.S., the following year. He is a member of the 
Massachusetts Charitable Irish Society, and was its 
president in 1873 anfl 1874. Mr. (;argan was 
married in Boston, in September, 1 868, to Miss 
Catherine L. Mcfkath. 

CiARLANii, Georcf, MiNd'j, M.l)., was bom in 
Laconia, N.H., Oct. 14, 1S48. He was educated 
in the public schools of Lawrence, and fitting for 
college, entered Harvard College, receiving his 
degree in 1871. He then studied in the Har\-ard 
Medical School, graduating in 1874. The same 




ijpulit^-.ipLililisiiLiLj i-linfr^ 



^gu^^^^iZT, 



BOSTON ()F TO-DAV. 



2,-^ 7 



year he went abroad to complete his professional 
education, studying for two years in Vienna, Stras- 
burg, and Paris. Returning to Boston in 1876 he 
began the practice of his profession. He was 
appointed in 1877 assistant in physiology at the 
Harvard Medical School; in 1881 to the position 
of assistant in clinical medicine ; and in 1887 in- 
structor in clinical medicine, which position he still 
holds. In 1878 he was appointed professor of 
thoracic diseases in the University of Vermont, re- 
taining the i)osition for five years. In 1881 he was 
made physician to the Boston Dispensary, in 1880 
visiting physician to Carney Hospital, and in 
1888 physician to out-patients at the Massachusetts 
Ceneral Hospital. Dr. Garland is a member of the 
Massachusetts Medical Society, Boston Society of 
Medical Sciences, American Medical Association, 
American Association of Physicians, and the Amer- 
ican Climatological Association. He has been a 
frequent contributor to medical journals, and has 
written a book on " Pneumono-Dynamics." 

Gaston, WiLUAir, son of Alexander and Kesia 
(Arnold) Gaston, was l>orn in Killingly, Conn., 
Oct. 3, 1820. He comes of a distinguished an- 
cestry on both sides. On the paternal side he is 
a descendant from Jean Gaston, born in France, 
probably about the year 1600, a Huguenot, who was 
banished on account of his religion, and settled in 
Scotland ; and on the maternal side from Thomas 
Arnold, who, with his brother William, came to 
New England in 1636, and in 1654 joined William 
in Rhode Island, whither he had gone with Roger 
Williams. William Gaston's father was a well- 
known merchant of Connecticut, and was for many 
years in the Legislature, as was his fiither before 
him. With his parents, William Gaston moved to 
Roxbury in the summer of 1838. He was edu- 
cated at the academy in Brooklyn, Conn., the 
Plainfield Academy, and Brown University, which 
he entered at the age of fifteen. Graduating in 
1S40, he began his law studies in the office of 
Judge Francis Hilliard, of Roxbury, and completed 
them with Charles P. and Benjamin R. Curtis, of 
Boston. He was admitted to the bar in 1844, and 
opened his first law-office in Roxbury in 1846. 
Subsequendy, in 1865, the law firm of Jewell, 
Gaston, & Field was formed, consisting of the 
late Harvey Jewell, Mr. (Inston, and Walbridge A. 
Field, now Chief Justiie Meld of the Suiireme Judi- 
cial Court, with offices in Boston. Mr. Claston was 
city solicitor of Roxbury for five years, and in 1861 
and 1862 mayor of the city; and after the annexa- 
tion of Roxbury to Boston, he was mayor of Boston 



in 187 1 and 1872. In 1853 and 1854 he was 
elected to the Legislature as a Whig, and reelected 
in 1856 by a fusion of Whigs and Democrats, in 
opposition to the Know-Nothing candidate. In 
1868 he was elected as a Democrat to the senate; 
and in 1874 to the governorship. Among his ap- 
pointments while governor in 1875 were those of 
Otis P. Lord to the supreme bench, and of W'aldo 
Colburn and William S. Gardner to the superior 
bench. In 1870 he was a candidate for Congress, 
but tailed of an election. In 1875 Harvard College 
and Brown LIniversity conferred upon him the 
degree of LL.D. LTpon his election to the gover- 
norship, Mr. Gaston retired from the firm with 
which he had been associated and relinquished his 
practice. When he returned to private life, he 
opened a new office. In 1879 he took into partner- 
ship C. L. B. Whitney, and in 1883 his son, William 
A. Claston, was admitted to the firm. Mr. Gaston was 
married May 27, 1852, to Miss Louisa A. Beecher, 
daughter of Laban S. and Frances A. (Lines) 
Beecher ; they have had one daughter and two 
sons : Sarah Howard, William Alexander, and 
Theodore Beecher Gaston. Theodore, born in 
February, 1861, died in July, 1869. Mr. Gaston 
now resides in Boston in the Back Bay district. 

Gaston, William .Vlrxaxdf.k, son of William 




WILLIAM A. GASTON. 

Gaston and Louisa Augusta (Beecher) Gaston, we 



:s8 



BOSTON 



T( )-r)AY. 



born in Roxbury May i, 1859. His early educa- 
tion was attained in private schools and in the 
Roxbury Latin School. He graduated from Har- 
vard in the class of 1880, and subsequently from 
the Harvard Law School. After admittance to the 
bar he began practice with his father and Charles 
L. B. Whitney, entering into partnership with them 
Oct. I, 1883. His present partners are his father 
and Frederic K. Snow, under the firm name of 
Oaston & Whitney. Mr. (laston is a director of 
the Manufecturers National Bank, and a trustee 
of the proprietors of Forest Hills Cemetery. He is 
a member of a number of clubs — the Somerset, the 
Puritan, the Athletic, and the Curtis, of Boston ; the 
Country Club, Brookline ; the Commodore Club, 
Maine ; and other associations. He is also a mem- 
ber of the staff of Gov. William K. Russell. 

(Iavin, MicHAKL Freebkrn, M.D., was born in 
Ireland May 12, 1846. His education was begun 
in schools in Ireland, and completed in the Boston 
grammar schools. His medical training was ob- 
tained in the Har\'ard Medical School, from which 
he graduated M.D. in 1864, after acting as house 
surgeon in the City Hospital one year. He ser\ed 
in the army, and at the close of the war went 
abroad, where he studied in Dublin, and in Paris 
two years, and received the fellowship at the Royal 
College of Surgeons in Dublin. Then returning to 
Boston in 1868, he engaged in general practice and 
surger)-. He is one of the visiting surgeons to the 
City Hospital and to Carney Hospital, was a 
trustee of the City Hospital for several years, and 
was for some time pension examiner. He is a 
member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, the 
Boston Society for Medical Improvement, and the 
Boston Society for Medical Observation. He has 
been a frequent contributor to the Dublin medical 
press, and also to medical and other journals in this 
country. Dr. Oavin was married Nov. 23, 1876, to 
Miss Ellen T., daughter of Patrick Doherty, of New 
York. 

G.w, (Ikorck Washimhon, M.D., was born in 
Swanzey, N.H., Jan. 14, 1842. His early education 
was acquired in the local schools. He took the course 
of the Harvard Medical School, graduating M.D. 
in 1868, passed a year in the hospital at Rainsford's 
Island, and another as house surgeon at the City 
Hospital, and then entered into active practice in 
this city, where he has since remained. He is a 
member of the British Medical Association, of the 
American Surgical Association, the American Medi- 
cal Association, the Massachusetts Medical Society, 



the Boston Society for Medical Improvement, Rox- 
bury Society for Medical Improvement, and Boston 
Society for Medical Obser\'ation ; and he is president 
of the Suffolk District Medical Society. Dr. Gay is 
also clinical instractor in surgery at the Har\ard 
Medical School, and surgeon to the Boston City Hos- 
pital. He has prepared and jiublished in the medical 
journals of the day various important papers on croup, 
hernia, ingrown toe-nail, tracheotomy, a])pendicitis, 
shock, the asi>irator, and kindred tojiics. 

CrEDRCE, Ki.ijAH, son of William E. George, \vas 
born in New Rochelle, N'.V., Sept. 6, 1850. He 
was reared in his native State, receiving a high- 
school and academic education in New York city, 
and there began the study of law. He came to 
Boston and graduated from the Boston I'niversity 
Law School in 1873, was admitted to the .Suf- 
folk bar the following year, and to the bar of the 
Supreme Court of the United States in the year 
1889. He studied with the well-known law firm of 
I'riel H. & George G. Crocker. In 1S75 he was 
ap]iointed assistant register of i)rol)ate and insol- 




ELUAH GEORGE. 

vency, followed two years later by his election to 
the office of register of probate and insolvency, 
which position he has ably filled ever since, being 
indorsed by all political parties at each election, 
save that of 1890, when he had a Democratic op- 
iionent. Mr. George for manv vears has been 




"w^ 



"Jr., 




BOSTON OF TO-I)AV, 



^39 



inonuncnt m military aliairs, ami at one time was a 
member of the First Corps of Cadets. In 1881 
he was made judge-advocate, with the rank of 
captain, of the First Brigade, State Mihtia, resign- 
ing in 1882 ; and in August of the same year 
he was appointed judge-advocate of the Second 
Brigade. He still holds this office. Mr. Ceorge 
is a member of the Union, Algonquin, Athletic, 
Century, Roxbury, and Massachusetts Yacht Clubs, 
the Beacon Society, the Curtis Law Club, and 
the Abstract Club ; he is also a member of 
the Boston Bar Association, and other local organi- 
zations. 

Oerrish, James R., superintendent of institutions 
on Deer Island, was born in Chelsea in 1840. His 
early education was obtained in the Chelsea public 
schools. After leaving school he was apprenticed 
to a carpenter and builder, and continued at that 
business until the breaking out of the war. He 
entered the service with the First Massachusetts 
Regiment and remained in it for twenty months, 
when he was discharged for disability. After he 
had obtained sufficient rest he entered the dry- 
goods business as clerk with (leorge M. ^\'inslow. 
Here he was employed about se\cn years. Then 
he engaged in the real-estate and building business 
for himself until 1878, when he relinquished it to 
accept the position of receiver at the institutions on 
Deer Island. This position he held for three years, 
when he was apjiointed superintendent of the State 
prison in Charlestown. After eight years' service 
here he was returned to Deer Island, having been 
appointed superintendent of the lity institutions 
there — the houses of industry and of reformation — 
which position he has since held. He is a member 
of the (t.A.R., of the Masonic order, and of other 
fraternal orders. 

Oilman, Ravmoxd R., son of Ambrose and Eunice 
(^^'ilcox) Oilman, was born in Shelburne F\alls, 
Mass., July 28, 1859. He was educated in the 
schools of his native town, the Shelburne Falls 
Academy, and Boston University. Immediately 
after graduation he began the study of law in the 
office of Judge Ely, and was admitted to the Norfolk 
county bar — the youngest man ever admitted — 
on Sept. 28, 1880. He at once began practice in 
Shelburne Falls, but soon removed his office to Bos- 
ton, where he has since remained, steadily advancing 
in his profession. He is a prominent member of 
the Odd Fellows order, now distnc t (k]nu\ i^rand 
master, and a member of the (irand l.twlgc of Massa- 
chusetts. He is a resident of Melrose, ami is a 



leading member of the Melrose Athletic and the 
Melrose Clubs. Mr. (Oilman was married June 16, 




RAYMOND R GIL 



1S82, to Miss Kate .^i. Tuttle ; they have one child : 
Alice K. Oilman. 

OiLSON, Alfred Henry, was born in Boston April 
17, 1855. He obtained his education in the Bos- 
ton schools, graduating from the high school in 
1873. After practising civil-engineering for six years 
in the Back Bay district he entered the Boston 
Dental College, graduating in 1882, and receiving 
the degree of D.D.S. He then began his professional 
career as a dentist. He is a member of the Massa- 
chusetts and New F^ngland Dental Societies, in both 
of which organizations he has held important offices ; 
and he is an honorary member of the Oeorgia State 
Dental Society. In January, 1887, he wrote a valu- 
able paper on " Homoeopathic Therapeutics in Den- 
tistry," which was read by him before the State 
Central Dental Society of Newark, N.J. This was 
one of the first papers of the kind ever published. 
While practising all branches of his profession, Dr. 
Oilson makes a specialty of orthodontia. 

Olines, Euward, son of Jacob T. and Sarah A. 
(Washburn) Olines, was born in Somerville, Mass., 
Aug. 31, 1849. He was educated in the public 
schools, graduating from the high school in 1869. 
He early entered trade as clerk in a general 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



spice and coffee store, and was with his father in 
the same business until the latter's retirement, which 
brought the son to the head of the oldest firm in its 




EDWARD GLINES. 

line in Boston. He is still iarr_ving .on the iniijor- 
tation, manufacture, and sale of spices, tea, and 
coffee. Mr. Glines was an officer and member of 
the Somerville fire department for ten years. He was 
a member of the lower house of the Legislature two 
years (1882 and 1883) ; and member of the State 
senate in 1887 and 1888, ser\'ing on the committees 
on street railways, expediting business, labor, and 
public health, and as chairman of the railroad com- 
mittee and of those on federal relations and roads 
and bridges. He was largely influential in the 
adoption by the Legislature of the important ])ublic 
improvement known as the widening and extension 
of Beacon street, giving to the city of Boston one of 
its most elegant boulevards. As chairman of the 
railroad committee, he reported and successfully 
advocated the passage of two important measures 
affecting the railroad and mercantile interests of the 
State, the consolidation of the Old Colony and the 
Boston & Providence Railroads, and the uniting 
of the larger and more important rival lines, the 
Boston & Maine and the Eastern Railroads. Mr. 
Glines enjoys the remarkable and unprecedented 
legislative record of never losing a bill which was 
reported by either of the three committees of which 
he was chairman. He has been connected with 



various literary and religious associations, his church 
relations being with the Unitarians. He is a mem- 
ber of the Central, Webcowitt, and Winter Hill 
Clubs of Somenille, and the Central, Middlesex, 
New England, Taylor, and Cereal Clubs of Boston. 
He is a member also of the Boston chamber of 
commerce. He has held office in the order of 
( )dd Fellows and the Knights of Honor ; and is 
a Mason, Knight Templar degree. He has served in 
the militia as a private ; has been president of the 
Republican city committee ; member of the Republi- 
can State central committee ; president of the Somer- 
ville common council, and overseer of the poor. Mr. 
(;iines was married in Boston March 5, 1872, to Miss 
Frances C, daughter of Ziba P. and Nancy L. 
(Henderson) Hanks, of Augusta, Me. They have 



GooLH, Joseph L., was born in Lyman, Me., Aug. 
lb, 1849. He came to Boston in 1870, and served 
three years as an apprentice to the mason's trade 
with T. J. Whidden. After another three years as a 
journeyman, he formed a partnership with William 
I'ray, under the firm name of Gooch & Pray, which 
concern is now one of the foremost in New Eng- 
land in the building line. Among the buildings 
erected under his suiser^'ision are the Winchester 
Town Hall, the Abington Savings Bank, the Brighton 
Grammar School; business blocks in Boston for the 
heirs of D. H. Watson on Causeway street, for the 
Newton Associates on Columbia street, for J. Tir- 
rell on Federal street, and for Oliver Ditson & Co. 
on North street, and one at Plymouth. Mr. Clooch 
is an active member of the Master Builders' Associa- 
tion. He was married in 1877 to Miss Sarah A. 
Dennis. He resides in \\'est Medford, with a sum- 
mer home in Hingham. 

(looDRicH, Fkedf.kick E., SOU of lOli/ur Tiyon and 
Mary Catherine (Beach) (loodrich, was born in 
Hartford, Conn., Jan. 16, 1843. He was educateil 
at the Hartford public high school and Yale Col- 
lege, from which he graduated in 1864. The same 
year he entered Journalism with Dorsey Gardner, 
one of his classmates, who started "The Monitor, " 
an anti-monopoly paper, in Trenton, N.J. After 
a short experience here and upon the abantlonment 
of the enterprise, he returned to Hartford, where he 
was engaged as editor of " The Courant. " Two 
years were devoted to this work, and then, the own- 
ership of the paper changing, he retired and came 
to Boston. That was in May, 1867. His reputation 
had jireceded him, and he at once found a position 
on the "Post" as assistant to Nathaniel (Jreene. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



24: 



Subsequently he became managing editor, and 
then in 1875 succeeded Col. Charles G. Greene as 
editor-in-chief. This position he held, conducting 
the paper with ability and skill, until 1878, when, 
finding himself out of touch with the controlling in- 
terest in the ownership, he withdrew from the man- 
agement. Then he was for two years editorial 
writer for the " Boston Globe ; " also mayor's clerk 
for Mayor Prince 1879-81. During this period, 
besides his journalistic work, Mr. Goodrich engaged 
in general literary work, contributing short stories to 
the earlier "Scribner's" (which afterwards became 
the " Century "), " Harper's, " and other magazines. 
In 1883 he was elected city clerk of Boston, and re- 
elected the following year. Then, returning to 
journalism, he became a regular contributor to the 
editorial columns of the "Daily Advertiser" and 
other journals ; and in the spring of 1886, when the 
" Post" passed into new hands, he returned to that 
jiaper as a leader writer, which position he has since 
held. During the years 1887-9 he was also 
[irivate secretary and chief clerk under the Hon. 
Leverett Saltonstall, collector of customs at this 
port. In August, 1890, with Dr. Pklward E. Hale 
and a few others, representing science, history, 
literature, and kindred interests, he purchased the 
" Boston Commonwealth, " and made it the repre- 
sentative journal of this line of thought in Boston. 
Mr. Hale and Mr. Goodrich are the editors, and 
under their conduct the " Commonwealth " has 
become a sort of organ of thinking Boston, an inter- 
mediary between the learned societies and culti- 
vated people. Of Mr. Goodrich's publications 
between covers are the lives of (General Hancock 
and Grover Cleveland ; the former, originally written 
as a campaign biography, revised and expanded 
after the death of Hancock into a substantial 
volume. He has an intimate knowledge of munici- 
jial law and history, and has prepared several useful 
and important publications for the city of Boston. 
Mr. Goodrich was married Nov. 20, 1866, to F21iza- 
beth Williams Parsons, daughter of Edward W. 
Parsons, of Hartford, Conn. ; they have had three 
children: David Parsons (now an architect practising 
in Boston), Harold Beach (graduate of Harvard Col- 
lege, 1892), and Theodora Caroline Goodrich. 

GooDSPEED, Joseph Horace, was born in I-^ast 
Haddam, Conn., Jan. 14, 1845. He was educated 
in Trinity College, Hartford. In 1865 he went to 
Denver, Col., where he was successfully engaged 
in the banking business until 1870. From this 
he went into the railroad business, becoming con- 
nected with the St. Joseph (Missouri) Railroad, 



remaining there until 1876. He was then general 
auditor of what was known as the " Joy " Railroad 
in the West. At that time (1876) Massachusetts 
passed a law creating the office of supervisor of rail- 
road accounts of this Commonwealth, and through 
Charles F. Adams, then the chairman of the railroad 
commissioners, the position was offered to Mr. Good- 
speed, which he accepted and held until 1881. Then 
he was made general auditor of the Me.xican Central 
Railroad. This position he held until 1887. When the 
consolidation of street railroads was consummated 
with the establishment of the West End Street Rail- 
road Company, Mr. Goodspeed was otfered the posi- 
tion of treasurer, which he accepted and still holds. 

Gove, Wesley Austin, was born in Boston 
Sept. 9, 1835. He attended the public schools 
here, finishing his education at the Wilbraham 
Academy. At the beginning of the Civil War he 
went to the front as a lieutenant in llu- Forty-first 
Massachusetts Regiment, and altii\\aril^ scr\'cd as 
a captain in the Third Massac huM'tts Cavalry. He 
began public life in 1866, as a member of the 
lower house of the Legislature; reelected in 1S67, 
serving during the latter session on the committee 
on military affairs. He was elected to the senate of 
1886, from the First Suffolk District, serving on the 
committee on harbors and public lands (as chair- 
man), and also on water supply. He was re- 
elected to the senate the following year, and was 
chairman of the committee on harbors and lands, 
and a member of the committee on towns. In 
December, 1889, he was chosen to represent the 
First District in the Boston b.oard of aldermen, and 
during his term of office he devoted much time 
and attention to the matter of public improvements 
and the general welfare of the district he repre- 
sented. Mr. Gove is a director of the First National 
Bank of East Boston, and of the Erie Telegraph 
and Telephone Company; he is also director of 
the East Boston Company, and trustee of the East 
Boston Savings Bank. He is a Mason of the 
thirty-second degree, an Odd F"ellow, and a mem- 
ber of the New England and Jeffries ('lubs. 

GRAH.'iM, Douglas, M.D., son of a Scotch 
farmer, was born in Kirkoswald, Scotland, May 
2, 1848. It was in this village that his great- 
grandfather on his mother's side of the family, 
Hugh Rodger, was schoolmaster and taught Robert 
Burns mathematics. The old-fashioned clock that 
belonged to Mr. Rodger and timed Burns' lessons 
now stands in the hall of Dr. Clraham's residence. 
On his father's side. Dr. Graham's great-grand- 



242 



BOSTON OF TO-DAV. 



uncle was the veritable Tam o' Shanter, whose name 
he bears. Dr. Graham's descent has been traced 
to Sir William Wallace, the defender of Scotland; 
thus proving, as Bret Harte says, that it is danger- 
ous to climb the ancestral tree too far lest we find 
that one of our ancestors has been hung ; for Wal- 
lace was not only hung, but drawn and quartered, 
though in a good cause, however. At the age of 
sixteen Graham emigrated to the United States and 
continued his studies at the academy in Lee, Mass. 
In 1873, after a three years' course of study, he 
graduated with honor from the Jefferson Medical 
College of Philadelphia. He was then admitted to 
the Massachusetts Medical Society, and the follow- 
ing year took a post-graduate course in the Harvard 
Medical School. He has since been engaged in 
private practice in Boston, devoting special atten- 
tion to massage, and occasionally visiting Europe 
to investigate this subject. He has written numer- 
ous articles as well as a large treatise on massage, 
all of which have been freely quoted and stolen from 
on both sides of the .Atlantic. He is regarded by 
the profession as the authority in the United States 
on this subject. He is a member of the Alumni 
Association of Jeflferson Medical College, of the 
American Medical Association, of the British Med- 
ical Association, and other organizations. 



Ann Jane (Henderson) Graham, was born in En- 
niskillen, county Fermanagh, Ire., Dec. 19, 1847. 
He came to this country with his parents when a 
lad, and received his early education in the Boston 
public schools. He began his business career in the 
boot and shoe manufactory of J. T. Penniman in 
Quincy, and he is now one of the largest gentlemen's 
custom boot and shoe makers in the United States. 
His stores are at No. 280 Washington street, Boston, 
and his manufactory in Quincy, where he resides. 
He is much interested in public matters, and in 
1892 represented the Fifth Norfolk District in the 
lower house of the Legislature. He served in the 
Civil War, enlisting in Company E, Fourth Massa- 
chusetts Cavalry, and Company A, Forty-second 
Massachusetts Infantry, and he is now a leading 
member of Post 88, G..\.R. He is concerned in im- 
portant local enterprises ; is president of the Quincy 
& Boston Electric Street Railway, and director in the 
Quincy Electric Light and Power Company ; and he 
is also director in the Broadway National Bank of 
Boston. On Feb. 28, 1871, Mr. Graham married 
Mary E. B. Graham ; they have eleven children, — 
six boys, Robert B., John W., Harold and Malcom 
(twins), James Lester, and Edward Montrose, — 
and five girls, Clara Louise, Edith Rowe, Mary 
Augusta, Annie Henderson, and Beatrice Graham. 



Graham, loiix R.. son of |ames Grahnr 




JOHN R. GRAHAM. 



Graixcek, William Henrn-, M.D., son of William 
and Charlotte (Cotter) Grainger, was born in 
Mallow, county Cork, Ire., Nov. 7, 1845. His 
early education was acquired in a private school at 
Mallow ; subsequently he went to a private tutor in 
Dublin, and the Bandon Institute. He came to 
the United States in November, 1864, and made his 
home first in Brooklyn, N.Y., where he studied med- 
icine, and subsequently he graduated from the 
Medical School of the L^niversity of the City- of 
New York. In 1870 he moved to Boston and here 
began the practice of his profession ; he is now one 
of the most successful physicians of East Boston, 
and IS regarded as an authority especially on diseases 
of the lungs. He has been a frequent contributor 
in late years to the leading medical journals. Dr. 
Grainger belongs to a number of professional organ- 
izations , is a member of the Massachusetts Medical 
Society, the American Medical Association, the 
Boston (gynaecological Society, and the Boston Med- 
ical Library .Association. He also belongs to the 
Charitable Irish Society, the Catholic Union, the 
Wendell Phillips branch of the Land League, and 
the Clover Club. He has served as a member of 
the school committee, first elected to the board 
in the autumn of 18.S6 ; antl has been a trustee of 



BOSTON OF TO-DA^'. 



243 



the East Boston Savings Bank since 1881. 
Dr. Grainger was married to Miss Mary A. 



In 1873 
:,eBlanc, 




GRAINGER. 



of Boston ; tliey have six children, all boys : William 
H., Henry A., Edward J., Oeorge L., Charles J., 
and John G. Cirainger. 

Grant, Melville C, son of .Adam and Harrii-t 
Newell (Hutchins) Grant, was born in lloston 
April 20, 1841. He was educated in the ])iil)li( 
schools of Boston and Chelsea. He began actne 
life as a mason and builder, and after working some 
years at his trade, on Jan. i, 1873, became a mem- 
ber of the building firm of B. F. Dewing & Co. 
Subsequently he conducted business alone, and exe- 
cuted many important contracts. During his long 
career he has built a large number of notable pub- 
lic and private buildings throughout the New 
England States. Mr. Grant has an admirable war 
record, and has since continued his interest in 
military affairs. He was a member of the Charles- 
town artillery at the breaking out of the war, and 
left Boston with it April 19, 1861, serving three 
months. He had a hand in the fight at Bull Run. 
Then he enlisted October 24, that year, in Company 
C, United States Engineers, as private, and was acting 
sergeant-major when he was honorably discharged 
Oct. 24, 1864, at Petersburg, Va. He is now presi- 
dent of the Association of Veterans of United States 
Engineers, an officer in Gettysburg Post 191, G.A.R., 



and is an active member of the Boston Lancers 
and the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company. 
He is also prominent in fraternal organizations : is 
a past presiding officer in lodge, encampment, and 
canton. Odd Fellows; and a member of Colum- 
bian Lodge, Free Masons ; Columbian Council 
Legion of Honor, and of Sumner Lodge Knights 
of Honor. He was one of the early members and 
some time a trustee of the Master Builders' Associa- 
tion, and has long been connected with the Charitable 
Mechanic Association. Mr. Grant was married Dec. 
S, 1865, to Miss Harriet C. Organ; they have six 




MELVILLE C. GRANT. 

children : Fred A., (nirney S., Alice V,., Melville E., 
Benjamin I)., and Amy E. Grant. 

Graves, Chester Hatch, was born in Sunder- 
land, Mass., Jan. 5, 18 18. He was educated in 
the schools of that locality. He came to Boston 
in 1844, and the year following entered the house 
of Seth W. Fowle, manufacturers of and dealers in 
patent medicines. Here he remained until 1849, 
when he associated himself with the house of John 
T. Hearn, with which he was connected for a 
period of twelve years. In 186 1 he engaged in 
business for himself. Subsequently he associated 
with him in business his sons Edward C. and George 
A. Graves, and these two now carry on the business 
under the firm name of C. H. Graves & Sons. 
Their " Hub Punch " is one of their specialties. 



= 44 



BOSTON OF TO-DAV, 



GiLW, Orin T., was born in Norridgewock, Som- 
erset county, Me., June 2, 1839. His father, Robert 
D. Gray, was a thrifty farmer and lumberman, who 
during the summer months managed the farm, and 
in winter conducted an extensive lumbering-busi- 
ness on the Kennebec and Dead Rivers ; and Capt. 
Joshua Gray, his grandfather, was one of the most 
prominent and influential, citizens of his town and 
county. His mother, Lurana (Tinkham) Gray, was 
the daughter of Deacon Orin Tinkham, of Nor- 
ridgewock, after whom he was named. She was a 
woman of rare ability, strength of character, and 
culture. Before her marriage she taught school, 
and won more than a local reputation as a writer 
both of prose and poetry. On either side of the 
house, Mr. Gray is the descendant of robust Revo- 
lutionary ancestors. Both his grandfathers were 
officers in the last war with Great Britain. His 
maternal grandfather was of the best old Puritan 
stock. During his forty years' residence in Nor- 
ridgewock he exercised an influence in town and 
church afiairs second to that of no man in the town- 
ship. Nor was his maternal grandfather a man of 
less mark and power. The Hon. John Tinkham, 
father of Deacon Orin, was born and lived in Mid- 
dleborough, Mass., in the house which had been con- 
secutively occupied by four generations of his family. 
He was a member of the town, county, or State 
government almost constantly from the time that 
he attained his majority until his death. He ser\ed, 
on several different occasions, in both branches 
of the Massachusetts Legislature. Orin T. Gray's 
education w-as begun in private schools and under 
the tuition of ]5rivate instructors. At the age of 
twelve he was reported as the best scholar in the 
schools of the town. He subsequently prepared 
for college in the Anson and Bloomfield Acade- 
mies, and also under private tutors. At seventeen 
he successfully passed his examination for admis- 
sion to the sophomore class. After pursuing his 
collegiate studies for two years, during much of 
which time he was engaged in teaching, he was 
prostrated by a serious illness attributed to over- 
work. Upon recovery he decided to begin at 
once the study of the law for his chosen profes- 
sion. Entering the office of Josiah H. Drummond, 
of Waterville, then the attorney-general of Maine, 
he studied for more than two years, and in i860 was 
admitted to the bar at the session of the Supreme 
Court in Augusta. He had then just completed his 
twenty-first year. He began practice in Water\ille, 
but in the autumn of 1862 removed to Boston, 
where he has since remained. He now enjoys a 
large clientage. He was prevented from entering 



the Union army, at the very commencement of the 
struggle, by physical infirmity, the examining surgeon 
refusing to pass him. In politics he has always 
been affiliated with the Republican party, and in 
all the recent important political campaigns he has 
advocated its principles and its candidate on the 
stump. He has been a member of several national 
conventions, and was the chairman of the com- 
mittee on resolutions in the National League 
convention of 1889. Before the duties of his 
profession became so exacting, he was for several 
years a successful and popular lyceum lecturer. ( )f 
the temperance cause he has always been an ear- 
nest supporter, and he has delivered many addresses 
on this topic. For years he was the candidate of 
the Prohibition party for the office of attorney- 
general. Of local official positions he has held a 
comparatively large number, among theiu that of 
chairman of the school committee of Hyde Park, 
where he resides — a post which he filled for several 
years. He is connected wuth the management of 
several important corporations. Since the incor- 
poration of the Hyde Park Savings Bank he has 
been annually elected one of its trustees, and also 
its attorney. Mr. Gray was married in i860 to 
Louise Bradford Holmes, a direct descendant of 
Governor Bradford. 

Green, Charles M(1n-traville, M.D., son of George 
Pient and Melinda (Wetherbee) Green, was born in 
Medford Dec. iS, 1850. He received his early 
education in the public schools of his native town, 
and subsequently attended the Boston Latin School, 
winning a Franklin medal at graduation in 1870. 
He received the degree of A.B., cum laiide, from 
Harvard College in 1874, and graduated from the 
Harvard Medical School in 1877. After a year in a 
hospital he continued his studies in Europe, return- 
ing to Boston in the autumn of 1879, since which 
time he has practised medicine in this city. He 
holds appointments at the Boston Dispensary, at 
the Boston City Hospital, and the Boston Lying-in 
Hospital, and is instructor in obstetrics in the 
Harvard Medical School. Dr. Green is a fellow and 
councillor of the Massachusetts Medical Society and 
the Massachusetts Medical Benevolent Society, a 
member of the Boston Society for Medical Obsen a- 
tion, the Boston Society for Medical Improvement, 
the Obstetrical Society of Boston, the Boston Medi- 
cal Library Association, and a fellow of the American 
Gynaecological Society. He is also a member of 
the Bunker Hill Monument Association, and, 
through his maternal great-grandfather, who ser\ed 
and was wounded in the Revolutionarv \\'ar, of the 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



M5 



Massachusetts Society of the Sons of the American 
Revohition. Of the latter society he is vice-presi- 
dent. Although too young to ser\e in the Civil 
War, he has ser\^ed for twenty years in the 
Massachusetts \'olnnteer Militia, holding a sub- 
altern's commission in the Fifth Regiment in 1875- 
7, since which time he has been one of the medi- 
cal officers of the First Corps of Cadets. In De- 
cember, 1 888, Dr. Green was elected a member of 
the Boston school committee for two years, and in 
1890 was reelected for the full term of three years. 
Dr. Oreen was married June 29, 1876, to Helen 
Lincoln, daughter of the late Dr. John Ware, of 
Boston. The first child of this union, Charles M., 



surgeon in the United States Army for six months 
at Portsmouth Grove, R.I. He was one of the 




CHARLES M. GREEN. 



jr., died in infancy ; the second 
ville Green, was born July 11, 18: 



Robert Montra- 



GRr;ENOUf;H, Fr.4NCIS Boott, M.D., son of Henry 
and Frances (Boott) Greenough, was born in Bos- 
ton Dec. 24, 1837. His early education was begun 
abroad, in Germany and Italy, continued in the 
Cambridge High School, and finished in Mr. Brad- 
ford's private school in Boston. Then he entered 
Harvard and graduated A.B. in 1859 ; A.M., M.D., 
in 1867. After graduating from the Medical School 
he continued his medical studies in Vienna a year, 
and in Paris for a shorter period. Returning to 
Boston in i858 he was house physician in the 
Massachusetts General Hospital, and also acting 




FRANCIS B. GREENOUGH. 

original surgical staff at Carney Hospital, and was 
physician to the Children's Hospital when it was 
first opened. He is now clinical instructor in syph- 
ilis at the Harvard Medical School, and physician- 
in-charge in the department for skin diseases in the 
Boston Dispensary. He was president of the Ameri- 
can Dermatological Association in 1891, is a mem- 
ber of the American Genito-Urinary Association, 
the Massachusetts Medical Society, and the Boston 
Society for Medical Improvement. He is unmarried. 

Grinnell, C. a., was born in Providence, R.I., 
Dec. 4, 1 8 16. His education was obtained in the 
public schools. Upon completing it in his six- 
teenth year he sailed for Baltimore. There, in Sep- 
tember, 1832, he entered the employ of his uncle, 
Comfort Tiffany, who was the head of the firm 
of Tiffany, Shaw, & Co., jobbing domestic and 
shoe house. He was employed in the shoe and 
hat department. In those days boys received no 
compensation, but were allowed to sell such articles 
as the firm did not deal in ; and young Grinnell and 
another boy joined together and sold blacking (of 
their own make), and morocco hats for children, by 
which means they made considerable money. A 
few years later Mr. Grinnell was transferred to the 
counting-room, where he took charge of the books 



246 



fiOSTON OF TO-DAV 



of the whole business, and subsequently to the dry- 
goods sales department. In 1840 the firm of Tif- 
fany, Shaw, & Co. was dissolved, and Mr. Tiffany, 
taking the shoe and hat department of the old firm, 
began afresh, and associating with him as partners 
Mr. Grinnell and a Mr. File, established the firm of 
Tiftliny, Fite, & Grinnell. On the death of his uncle 
Mr. Grinnell formed a copartnership with J. W. 
Jenkins under the firm name of Grinnell & Jenkins, 
which lasted until 1864. In that year Mr. Grinnell 
came to Boston and entered into copartnership with 
Frank Dane and his brother James F. Dane. On 
the death of Frank Dane he continued with J. F. 
Dane, under the firm name of J. F. Dane, Grinnell, 
& Co. This is now one of the oldest houses in the 
trade. The factories of the firm are in West Med- 
way and Salem. They are equipped with the latest 
improvements, and are run to their full capac- 
ity, turning out medium grades of men's and 
boys' boots and children's shoes. Their business is 
exclusively wholesale, the firm selling direct to the 
jobbers and dealers only. Mr. Grinnell has been so 
long and so honorably associated with the shoe and 
leather trade of Massachusetts that he is looked 
upon as one of its main props. It is to him and a 
few other merchants of the same character that the 
trade is indebted for the establishment of the New 
England Shoe and Leather Association ; and those 
who remember the meeting convened by ex-Gov- 
ernor Claflin in 1869 for its formation will recall 
the speech made by Mr. Grinnell on that occasion. 
He was chosen one of the directors of the new 
organization. In 1876 he was elected its president, 
and was reelected for the years 1877, 1878, and 
1879. He has endeavored to benefit the young 
men of the day, and has on special occasions lec- 
tured at the Young Men's Christian Association and 
the Young Men's Christian Union on practical 
topics. Although beyond the allotted period of 
threescore and ten, Mr. Grinnell is still to be found 
at his office, active not only in his business there, 
but attending carefully to his duties as a director of 
the Bank of Redemption. He is still, also, a direc- 
tor of the Shoe and Leather Association. In 1840 
he was married to the daughter of Daniel Cobb, a 
member of the Friends' Meeting, and one of the 
wholesale domestic-goods merchants of Baltimore, 
Md. Her loss in 1890, occurring one week after 
the celebration of their golden wedding, was a great 
affliction to him. He is of a most philanthropic 
and generous disposition, and his gifts are numer- 
ous and well bestowed. 

GuNTER, Adolphus Byr()N, SOU of Gcorge F. 



and Agnes (Lawrence) Gunter, was born in York 
county, N.B., Feb. 11, 1850. He was educated in 
the schools of his native town, and in the Univer- 
sity of New Brunswick. He began the study of 
medicine with Dr. Atherton, of Fredericton, N.li. 
Then he came to Boston and studied in the Har\anl 
Medical School, from which he graduated in 1877. 
He established himself in the Charlestown district, 
where he now has a large and successful practice. 
In 1876 Dr. Gunter was married to Miss Imogene 
Mosher ; they have two children : Beatrice Mildred 
and Kdith Gladdis (hmter. 



H 



AISERSTROH, Ai.hert, son of Lucas and 

Friedericke (.Mulier) Haberstroh, was born 

loston Julv 2 s, 1855. He was educated in Rox- 




ALBERT HABERSTROH. 

bury and Jamaica Plain public schools. He began 
business life as entry clerk and assistant book-keeper 
with Phillips, Shuman, & Co., on Summer street. 
But here he did not long remain. He had inherited 
a taste for art, and in this direction he early turned 
his attention. He first attended the evening draw- 
ing-schools, and then studied in the Museum of Fine 
.•\rts under the late Otto Grundmann. Later, under 
Dr. Rimmer, he took a course in anatomy, .sculpt- 
ure, and painting. He also won approval in his 
drawing and color at the Lowell Institute. In the 
meantime he had become connected with his 




^B^w'' 



C>^ 



^^ 



I 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



247 



father's mural decorative business, which had flour- 
ished here in Boston since 1840; and in 1877 he 
was admitted to partnership, when the firm name 
was changed to L. Haberstroh & Son. Under this 
title he has conducted the business as the sole 
successor of ' his father since the latter's death, 
which occurred several years ago. He is the in- 
ventor of several patented mural processes of 
decoration, and his work is shown in theatres, 
churches, hotels, public buildings, and private resi- 
dences in Boston, Lowell, Newton, Haverhill, 
Springfield, and other Massachusetts cities, in 
Savannah, Ga., Detroit, Mich., Huntington, Pa., 
Binghamton, N.Y., Plainfield, N.J., and many other 
places in different parts of the country. As a 
mural figure-painter Mr. Haberstroh ranks with the 
foremost in his profession. He is a member of the 
Art and .Architectural Clubs ; of the Art Students' 
Association, of which he was one of the first secre- 
taries ; and of the National Society of Decorators 
and Painters, for some time vice-president. Mr. 
Haberstroh was married in 1880 to Miss Emma 
Raumgarten ; they have two sons : Emil M. and 
Arthur F. Haberstroh. 

H.AiiLDCK, Harvf.v De.ming, born Oct. 7, 1843, is 
descended, in the seventh generation, from Na- 
thaniel Hadlock, who came from England in 1638 
and settled in Charlestown, was subseiiuently one of 
the founders of the town of Lancaster, Mass., and 
whose son Nathaniel is mentioned in Felt's " His- 
tory of Salem " as having been fined and punished 
for declaring " that he could receive no profit from 
Mr. Higginsou's preaching, and that in persecuting 
the Quakers the government was guilty of innocent 
blood." From his paternal grandmother he is 
descended from Thomas Manchester, one of the 
earliest settlers (1642) of Portsmouth, R.L His 
father, Edwin Hadlock, a master mariner in early 
life, succeeded to the shipping and merchandise 
business established by his father, ('a]Jtain Samuel 
Hadlock, after acquiring by jjun hasc •• Little Cran- 
berry Island," and by which he had amassed a 
fortune. His niotlur, Mary Ann Stanwood, was de- 
scended from Phillip Stanwood, one of the earliest 
settlers (1653) of Oloucester, Mass., and the fourth 
generation from Job Stanwood, the soldier men- 
tioned in history, and Martha Bradstreet, his second 
wife. His preliminary studies were under the su- 
pervision of his mother and in the schools of his 
native place until the age of thirteen, when he 
removed with his parents to Bucksport, Me., where 
he became a student at the East Maine Conference 
Seminary. Here, and under private instructors, he 



pursued classical studies fully equal to the course 
prescribed by New England colleges of that day, 
and subsequently he spent a year in the scientific 
department of Dartmouth College. In September, 
1863, he began the study of law in the office of 
Hon. Samuel F. Humphrey at Bangor, Me., and 
under the friendly supervision of ex-Governor 
Edward Kent, then one of the justices of the Su- 
preme Judicial Court of Maine ; and on Jan. 6, 
1865, he was admitted to the bar of that court and 
entered upon his legal career at Bucksport, Me. In 
1865-6, business having led him to New Orleans, he 
pursued there the study of civil and maritime law 
under the direction of the late Christain Roselius, 
returning to Bucksport after an absence of several 
months. The spring and summer of 1868 he 
passed at Omaha, Neb., where he was admitted to 
liractice in the courts of Nebraska, both State and 
Federal. Returning East he was, on Oct. 7, 1868, 
admitted as an attorney and counsellor of the Su- 
preme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and began 
])ractice at Boston. The following spring he was 
admitted to practise in the .State and Federal courts 
of the State of New York. In the autumn of 1869 
he returned to Boston, engaged largely in criminal 
cases, in the defence of which he was very suc- 
cessful, and in 187 1 proceeded to Maine and at- 
tended railroad meetings relating to the construc- 
tion of a line of railway leading from Bangor to 
some eastern ])oint, via Bucksport. In the spring 
of 1873, the construction of the road being as- 
sured, he resumed practice at Bucksport, and sub- 
sequently was retained as counsel for the Bucksport 
& Bangor Railroad, of which corporation he was 
one of the directors. From 1881 to 1887 he re- 
sided in Portland, Me., maintaining as a member 
of the Cumberland bar his leading position, and 
adding new laurels to his fame as a successful prac- 
titioner in causes involving the most important in- 
terests of railway corporations, patents, and maritime 
affairs, as well as criminal cases ; and it was said that 
he tried more causes and was capable of doing 
more work than any other lawyer in that city. 
Many of his clients at this time were residents of 
adjoining States, and he was employed in various 
professional affairs. In 1887 he removed to Bos- 
ton, where he has resided up to the present time, 
the range of his practice extending beyond the 
limits of the State and Federal courts of New Eng- 
land and New York, and embracing cases of great 
moment pending in the Supreme Court of the 
Lfnited States. On Jan. 26, 1865, he was married 
to Miss Alexene L. (joodell, of Searsport, Me., and 
has two children living, Inez and Webster; his eld- 



h8 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



est son, Haney Deniing Hadlock, jr., bom Dec. 4, 
1870, died Jan. 22, 1886, from accidental shooting 
while handling a revolver. 

Haile, William Henry, lieutenant-governor of 
Massachusetts in 1890, 1891, and 1892, son of 
William and Sebrana Haile, was born in Chesterfield, 
N.H., Sept. 23, 1833. His father, who was a success- 
ful merchant and manufacturer, was also the first Re- 
publican governor of New Hampshire, and when Mr. 
Haile was quite young removed to Hinsdale, N.H., 
where the lad's boyhood was passed. He received his 
education in the public schools of the place, prepar- 
ing for college at Kimball Union Academy, Meriden, 
N.H. He attended Amherst College for a year and 
a half, leaving there to enter Dartmouth, from which 
institution he graduated with high honors in 1856. 
Mr. Haile then studied law in Springfield, Mass., and 
after being admitted to the bar practised in Boston 
for a while. His tastes, however, ran in another 
direction, and he soon removed to Hinsdale, N.H., 
where he engaged in the manufacture of woollen 
goods, becoming the partner of his flither and Hon. 




Rufus S. Frost, of Chelsea, the concern being 
known as Haile, Frost, & Co. This partnership was 
very successful, and subsequently was transformed into 
a corporation entitled The Haile & Frost Manufac- 
turing Company, Mr. Haile becoming the treasurer. 
He early interested himself in politics, on the Re- 



publican side. In the years 1865, 1866, and 1871 
he was a representative from the town of Hinsdale 
in the New Hampshire Legislature, and soon after 
he returned to Springfield this State. In 1881 he 
was elected mayor of that city. In 1882 and 1883 
he was elected State senator from the First Hamp- 
den Senatorial District, serving on the committees 
on military affairs, mercantile affairs, banks and 
banking, and manufactures. In the autumn of 
1889 he was nominated as lieutenant-governor on 
the Republican ticket, with John Q. A. Brackett 
at the head, and was elected at the subsequent 
election in November. He ran again in 1890 and 
1 89 1, and although the head of the ticket was in 
each case defeated, he received the election to the 
office for which he was nominated. He is recog- 
nized as a leader in his party- Mr. Haile was 
married Jan. i, 1861, to Miss Amelia L. Chapin, 
daughter of Ethan S. and Louisa B. Chapin, of 
Springfield ; they have had three children : William 
C, who died on Aug. 14, 1864, AHce, and 
Henry Chapin Haile. 

Hale, Edwin B., son of Aaron and Mary (Kent) 
Hale, was born in Oxford, Grafton county, N.H., 
June 16, 1839. He was educated in the district 
school, in Kimball Union Academy, Meriden, N.H., 
and in Dartmouth College, from which he graduated 
in the class of 1865. Then he took the regular 
course in the Harvard Law School, and, admitted to 
the bar, began the practice of his profession in 
Boston in partnership with James B. Richardson — 
an association which still continues. When he 
moved to this State Mr. Hale made his home in 
Cambridge, and before beginning the practice of law 
he was superintendent of the public schools there. 
In 1878 and 1879 he was a member of the lower 
house of the Legislature, holding positions on im- 
portant committees and taking a leading part in the 
work of the sessions. Mr. Hale is unmarried. 

Hall, Boardman, son of Col. Joseph F. and 
Mary M. (Fanovv) Hall, was born in Bangor, Me., 
April 18, 1856. He was educated in the West- 
brook Seminary, Dr. Hanson's Preparatory School 
of Waterville, Me., and Colby University. He 
studied law in the Boston LTniversity Law School, 
and his first professional connection was with the 
office of Hon. William H. McLellan, attorney- 
general of Maine, in 1879. He has since practised 
in Boston, and was for some time assistant United 
States attorney. He has met with marked success, 
especially in criminal cases. He defended Jacob 
and Chaskell Bostwick in the Cross-street homi- 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



249 



cide case, Frank Nelson for the Ivjmicide of Lena 
Johnson, and Daniel H. Wilson for the homicide 
of his wife. He was counsel for Capt. Edward J. 
Reed and the owner of the bark " Petrel " in the 




BOARDMAN HALL. 

scurvy cases tried October, 1890, in the Ignited 
States courts; defended David Wilbur Wood, o|iium 
smuggler ; was counsel for Leda Lamontague, extra- 
dition case ; and was in the Foss will case and the 
whiskey-trust cases. He has been a member of the 
Boston school committee, and has done newspaper 
work and law editing. 



Upon the dissolution of this firm he formed a co- 
]iartnership, Oct. i, 1888, with Walter B. Allen, under 
the firm name of Allen, Hall, & Co., at No. 88 
Boylston street, beginning business with limited 
capital. During the three vc;irs of their united 
efforts they have become well established, and are 
now recognized among the leading interior decora- 
tors of Boston ; they employ from forty to sixty 
expert workmen and artists. They are enabled to 
111. ike estimates for the entire interior furnishings 
ui line residences, which is their specialty. Much 
(.)f their work is to be seen in the Back Bay district. 
The entire interiors of the houses of Myron W. 
Whitney in ^\'atertown, and George E. Keith in 
Brockton, are among the fine interiors which they 
have completed. Mr. Hall was married Dec. 17, 
1 888, in Wolfborough, N.H., to Miss Abbie A. 
\\hitton, daughter of Charles A. Whitton, of that 
town. 

Ham,, \\'ili,i,\.m Duiii.e\, M.D., was born in Bridge- 
port, Conn., July 13, 1856. He obtained his early 
education in the public schools and boarding-schools 
of his native town and vicinity, graduating from 
Phillips (Exeter) Academy in 1876. P^ntering Har- 
vard College, he graduated in i88o ; then he went 
through the Harvard Medical School, graduating 
in 18S3. Dr. Hall was house officer at the Car- 
ney Hospital one year, and then interne of the 
Eye and Ear Infirmary for two years. He has 
]>rartised in Boston since 1886. He is assistant 
ophthalmic surgeon to the Eye and Ear Infirmary 
and surgeon to the Boston Dispensary and the St. 
Elizabeth's Hospital. He is a member of the 
Massachusetts Medical Society and of the New 
England Ophthalmological Society. 



Hall, K. H., son of Horace Hall, of North Read- 
ing, was born in North Berwick, Me., Sept. 17, 
1864. In 1875 his family moved to this State, 
where he received a high-school education, to- 
gether with a thorough course in a commercial 
college and in music. In 1882 he entered the em- 
ploy of his brother, C. P. Hall, a dry-goods mer- 
chant on Washington street, remaining one and 
one-half years. Having an ambition for decoration 
in drapery, he secured a position in the drapery 
and upholstery department of C. F. Hovey & Co., 
Summer street. The experience gained while 
there, together with the study of works on modern 
drapery, upholstery, and mural decoration, well 
equipped him as a practical decorator, and he went 
direcriy from Hovey & Co. into the service of H. J. 
Allen & Co., interior decorators on West street. 



Halsev, Frederick Wadsvvorth, M.D., son of 
the late Cornelius E. Halsey, of Plattsburg, N.Y., 
was born in that city July 3, 1849. He was edu- 
cated in the public schools and the academy there, 
and graduated M.D. from Columbia College, D.C., 
in 1 87 1. He was first appointed resident physician 
to the Asyhini Hospital at Washington, D.C. ; after- 
wards ser\ed nine months at the Homceopathic 
Dispensary in Albany, N.Y. ; then established him- 
self at Port Henry, N.Y., where he remained four 
years ; then went to Middleboro,- Vt., where he 
practised ten years; and then (in 1885) came to 
Boston, where he has since remained successfully 
practising his profession. He was rectal surgeon to 
the Murdock Hospital for four years, and is now 
lecturer on rectal surgery in the Boston University 
School of Medicine. He is a member of the 



:5o 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Massachusetts Homceopathic Medical Society, of 
the Boston Homoeopathic Medical Society, the 
American Institute of Homoeopathy, the Surgical 
and Gynaecological Society, and the Hahnemann 
Club. He has been a frequent contributor to 
medical journals. Dr. Halsey was married Feb. 
14, 1881, to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of George C. 
Chapman, of Middleboro, Vt. 

Hamlix, I'jiWARiJ Sumner, eldest son of Nathan 
Sumner and Harriet (Fletcher) Hamlin, was born 
in Westford,. Mass., June 28, 1830; died Feb. 2, 
1888. The Hamlin family were among the promi- 
nent Cape Cod early settlers; James Hamlin 
came to Cape Cod in 1650, setding in Barn- 
stable : his brother, Giles Hamlin, settled in Middle- 
town, Conn. Eleazer Hamlin, the great-grand- 
father of Edward S., was born in Harwich, Mass. ; 
moved to Pembroke, from which town he com- 
manded a company in the Revolutionary War; 
afterwards promoted to the rank of major; then 
moved to Harvard, and from there to Westford. 
Here the father of Edward S. was born. He was 
for many years town clerk, and chairman of the 



J^ 




EDWARD S. HAMLIN. 

board of selectmen and overseers of the poor. He 
also served in the Legislature. In pohtics he was 
a Democrat. Edward S. was educated at Westford 
Academy. At the age of twenty he came to Boston 
and went to work at a salary of one hundred dollars 



a year. He soon entered the office of Benson & 
Pray, coal merchants, as clerk. Next he entered 
into a copartnership with the late Royal Bosworth, 
and as wholesale and retail coal-merchants they 
continued together until about the year 1881, when 
Mr. Bosworth retired. Mr. Hamlin then carried on 
the business alone until his death. Since his death 
the business, which had become one of the largest 
in New England, has been successfully continued by 
his sons Edward and George P. Hamlin. In 
politics Mr. Hamlin, like his father, was a stanch 
Democrat, but while he took an active interest in 
public matters he never would consent to run for 
office. He was a prominent Mason. Of his four 
sons, Edward and George P., as has been stated, 
continued the coal business, and Charles S., the 
eldest, is a prominent lawyer, with offices in the 
Equitable Building. The youngest son is Frederick 
D. H. Mr. Hamlin left also two daughters, Harriet 
G. and Jane G. C. Hamlin. Mr. Hamlin was a 
cousin to the late Vice-President Hannibal Hamlin, 
of Bangor, Me. 

Hammer, Charles D., son of Charles and Susan 
(Dunkel) Hammer, both Pennsylvanians, was born 
in Baltimore, Md., March 9, 1844. His education 
was attained in the public schools of Cleveland, 
(). He early entered the coal business in Pennsyl- 
vania. He began his present business in 1875, as 
a solicitor for the Provident Life and Trust Company 
of Philadelphia, in that city, and in r886 he was 
sent to Chicago as one of the general agents for 
Illinois. On the ist of April, 1891, he came to 
Boston, as manager of the company's oldest and 
largest agency. Mr. Hammer served three years 
during the Civil War, first as private, then adjutant, 
and then as captain in the One Hundred and 
Twenty-fourth Ohio Infantry of the Army of the 
Cumberland. He is now a member of the Military 
Oder of the Loyal Legion. On Jan. 7, 1S75, he 
was married in Philadelphia. He has one child, 
Helen F. Hammer. 

Hamm(ini>, J.ihn Wilkes, son of John and Maria 
Louise Hammond, was born in the little town now 
called Mattapoisett, then a part of Rochester, 
Mass., Dec. 16, 1837. His father died when he 
was quite young, and his youth was passed in the 
small village, where he was educated at the district 
school. Later he fitted for college at the academy 
in the town, and entered Tufts, graduating in the 
class of 1 86 1. In 1861 and a part of 1862 he 
taught school in Stoughton and Tisbury, and in 
September of the latter year he enlisted in Com- 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



251 



paiiy I of the Third Massachusetts Vokmteers. 
Returning in June, 1863, he taught the high schools 
of Wakefield and Melrose ; but the legal profession 
claimed his attention, and he pursued his studies in 
the Harvard Law School, and also read in the 
office of Svveetser & Gardner in Boston. Admitted 
to the bar, he practised in Middlesex county courts 
until March 10, 1886, when he was appointed to 
the bench of the superior court, which position he still 
holds. Judge Hammond represented Cambridge 
in the lower house of the Legislature during 1872 
and 1873 ; ^^d ^0™ April, 1873, to the time he re- 
ceived his judgeship he was city solicitor. He has 
filled his judicial office with honor, and has in many 
instances proved himself to be a discriminating and 
careful expounder of the law. Judge Hammond was 
married in Taunton on Aug. 15, 1866, to Miss Clara 



from which he graduated in 1873. He began 
practice in the Charlestown district, where he is 




^V"^: 



JOHN W. HAMMOND. 



Ellen Tweed, daughter of Benjamin F. Tweed : 
have had three children : Frank, Clara Maria 
John Wilkes Hammond, jr. 



they 
and 



Haibiond, William Penn, M.D., son of Josiah S. 
and Betsey (Parker) Hammond, was born in Plymp- 
ton, Mass., Sept. 15,. 1843. His early education 
was attained in local schools ; he was prepared for 
college at Phillips (Andover) Academy, and entering 
Amherst, graduated in 1869. He studied medicine 
with Drs. Gordon and Brewster, of Plymouth, and 
then took a course in the Har\'ard Medical School, 




p. HAMMOND. 



now established, recognized as a leading surgeon. 
He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical 
Society, of the City Hospital Club, and the Harvard 
Medical School Association ; and he is connected 
with the Masonic order, the Odd Fellows, and 
numerous fraternal societies. On Sept. 17, 1873, 
Dr. Hammond was married to Miss Sarah A. 
Harrup : they have one child, Elizabeth P. Ham- 



Harding, Elavakd Mitchell, M.D., was born in 
Yarmouth, Me., Dec. 16, 1852. He obtained his 
early education at the North Yarmouth Academy, 
and graduated from the College of Physicians and 
Surgeons of New York City in March, 1874. He 
then went abroad, returning in 1876 and settling in 
\\'oburn, where he practised one year, at the end 
of which time he removed to South Boston. While 
here he was connected with the Massachusetts Eye 
and Ear Lifirmary. In July, 1879, he was ap- 
pointed assistant superintendent of the State Hos- 
pital for the Insane at Danvers, where he remained 
until near the close of 1880. Since that time he 
has been in practice in Boston. He is medical 
examiner for the Mutual Reserve Fund Life Associ- 
ation of New York city, and for the Ancient Order 
of United Workmen, and surgeon of the Theatrical 



25- 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 




Mechanics' Association. He is a member of the street. They handle suburban and farm property, 
Massachusetts Medical Society. and employ fifteen salesmen to attend to their ex- 

tensive business in this line. Mr. Harrington has 
Hardy, John Henry, was born in HoUis, N.H., done much building, having erected and sold 
Feb. 2, 1847. He fitted for college at the academies twenty-five houses in 1890, eleven of them in Som- 
in Mt. Vernon and New Ipswich, N.H., and entered er\-ille. He has done much to develop the suburbs, 

Dartmouth in 1866, graduating in 1870. Next he 

attended the Harvard Law School, and read law 
with Robert M. Morse, jr., also acting in the capac- 
ity of teacher in Chauncy Hall School. In Janu- 
ary, 1872, he was admitted to the Sufiblk bar. He 
then formed a law connection with George W. 
Morse, under the firm name of Morse & Hardy. 
Two years later he associated himself with Samuel ^ 

J. Elder and Thomas W. Proctor, under the name -v <• 

of Hardy, Elder, & Proctor, the firm continuing ' • 

until Mr. Hardy was given a position on the bench 
of the municipal court, which he still holds. He 
was in the army, in the Fifteenth New Hampshire 
Volunteers. He was elected to the lower house of 
the Legislature from Arlington 188 1-4, and was 
Arlington town counsel from 1873 to 1885. 

Harrinchon, Charles, M.D., was born in Salem, 
Mass., July 29, 1856. After instruction in the 
schools of that city, and spending a year at Bowdoin 
College, he entered Harvard College, from which 
he graduated in the class of 1878. Then he took 
the Harvard Medical School course, graduating in 
1 88 1. During the last year of his connection with 
the Medical School he served as house officer at the 
Massachusetts General Hospital. The next two 
years were spent in special study at the University 
of Leipzig, Strasburg, and Munich. In 1883 he re- 
turned to the Harvard Medical School as assistant 
in chemistry, and in the same year he was ap- 
pointed chemist to the State board of health. In 
1885 he was appointed instructor in hygiene in the 
Harvard Medical School, which position he still 
holds. In 1889 he was appointed inspector of milk 
and vinegar for the city of Boston. 

HARRiNiniiN, lu)WARii T., eldest son of Tyler and 
Caroline (.-Xtherton) Harrington, was born in 
Bolton, Mass., Dec. 14, 1842. He was educated 
in the public schools in Worcester and vicinity. 
Coming to Boston in 1873, he entered the real- 
estate business, and in 1876 formed a partnership 
with Benjamin C. Putnam. In 1882 he sold out 
to Mr. Putnam and retired, but in 1885 bought and 
continued the business. He admitted his book- 
keeper, Charles A. Cileason, into partnership, and 
on Jan. i, 1890, established the present firm of 
Edward T. Harrington & Co., at No. 35 Congress 



EDWARD T. HARRINGTON. 

particularly the cities and towns of Somerville, 
Belmont, Maiden, and Everett. Mr. Harrington 
is a prominent citizen of Lexington, where he re- 
sides, and is concerned in promoting its social and 
political interests. He was married in Worcester 
May 3, 1881, to Miss Miriam A. Temple, eldest 
daughter of Luther and Rozan Temiile. 

Harris, Fr.^ncis Augustine, M.D., the medical 
examiner for the northern district of Suffolk county, 
was born in Ashland March 5, 1845. He was 
educated in the common schools of Rindge, N.H., 
and later in West Cambridge (now Adington). 
He graduated from the Boston Latin School in 
1862, and the same year entered Harvard College, 
graduating in 1866, and receiving the degree of 
A.B. He received the degree of M.D. from the 
Harvard Medical School in 1872. During the 
interim between the time of graduation from the 
academic department and from the medical school 
he was engaged as master of the Boston Latin School 
for three years. In 187 1 also he was ap])ointed 
surgical interne in the Massachusetts Ctcneral 




^^fc^.^^^- 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



= 53 



Hospital. The year following his graduation in 
medicine from Hai-vard he passed in the medical 
school of the University of Vienna. In June, 1877, 
he was appointed to his [iresent position, medical 
examiner for the northern district of Suffolk county, 
it being the first appointment made under the new 
law. He has been demonstrator of medico-legal 
examinations in the Harvard Medical School for 
ten or twelve years, and for several years he was 
professor of surgery at the Boston Dental Col- 
lege. Among Dr. Harris' classmates in Harvard 
College were William Blaikie, the athlete; Dr. 
Charles Brigham, of San Francisco, who distin- 
guished himself in the Franco-Prussian War ; 
Henry Rolfe, who is at the head of the Masonic 
order in the State of Nevada : Moorfield Story ; 
and others of note. Dr. Harris is a member of the 
Massachusetts Medical Society; of the Pajjyrus 
Club, being president of that organization in 18S2 ; 
and of the St. Botolph Club. He is a lover of the 
drama, and has written several plays, among them 
" Chums " and " My Son," the latter having a most 
successful run at the Boston Museum, and afford- 
ing the late William Warren one of his most famous 
parts, that of " Herr Weigel." 

Hart, Th(jmas NoR'roN, son of Daniel and 
Margaret (Norton) Hart, was born in North Read- 
ing, Mass., Jan. 20, 1829. His father's ancestors 
settled in Lynnfield, and his mother's father was 
Major John Norton, of Royalston, who fought in the 
Revolution. Thomas N. Hart was educated in the 
schools of his native town, and when a lad of 
thirteen he came to Boston to earn his living. He 
first found employment in the dry-goods store of 
Wheelock, Pratt, & Co. Two years later, in 1844, 
he entered a hat store. In this business he made 
steady progress, and in course of time became a 
partner in the firm of Philip A. Locke & Co. Sub- 
sequently he founded the prosperous house of Hart, 
Taylor, & Co. About the year 1879 he retired 
from the business with a competency. Soon after 
he assumed the presidency of the Mount Vernon 
National Bank, of which he is still the head. Mr. 
Hart is an earnest Republican. He has been a 
member of the Boston common council (1879, 1880, 
and 1881), of the board of aldermen (1882, 1885, 
and 1886), and mayor of the city (1889 and 1890). 
In 1 89 1 he was appointed by President Harrison 
postmaster of Boston, which position he still holds. 
He is identified with a number of societies and 
organizations, is treasurer of the American Uni- 
tarian Association, an officer of the Church of the 
Unity, and a member of the Algonquin and the 



Hull Yacht Clubs. In 1850 Mr. Hart was married, 
in Boston, to Miss Elizabeth Snow, of Bowdoin, Me. : 
they have one child, a daughter (now Mrs. C. W. 
Ernst). Mr. Hart's city home is on Common- 
wealth avenue, and his summer home at Galloupe's 
point, Swampscott. 

Harvev, John Franklin, M.D., son of Moses C. 
and Amanda (Knox) Harvey, was born in Lowell, 
Mass., Aug. 26, 1847. His parents moved to Law- 
rcn( e uhen he was but a year old, and there he 
obtained his early education in the public schools. 
He entered the College of the City of New York in 
1882, taking special courses, and graduated in 1889. 
After leaving school and before entering college he 
was at work, and while pursuing his medical studies 
he continued in business, to obtain the means to 
meet the expense of his education. At one time 
during this period he was a leather salesman on the 
road. He began the practice of his profession in 
New York city, and moved to Boston in July, 1890. 
His spec ialty is gynecology and obstetrics. He is 
now (K-moiislralor of anatomy in the College of 
Physi( i.iiis and Surgeons. He is a member of the 
Massachusetts Medical Society, and of other medi- 
cal organizations, and is prominent in the Masonic 
order, thirty-second degree, Knights Templar, the 
Ancient Order United Workmen, and the Golden 
Cross. On Jan. 7, 1887, he was married to Miss 
Minnie J., daughter of Obed Tingley, of New 
Brunswick. 

Harwood, Joseph Alfred, son of Colonel Nahum 
and Sophia (Kimball) Harwood, was born in Little- 
ton, Mass., March 26, 1827. He is of old English 
stock, a descendant of Nathaniel Harwood of colo- 
nial days. He obtained his sc hool training in the 
public schools of his native i)lace, and in the 
academies of Westford, Exeter, N.H., and Oroton. 
He began farming and stock-raising on the old 
homestead at the age of sixteen, and taught dis- 
trict schools winters from the age of seventeen to 
twenty-four. In 1868 he went into partnership 
with his brother Nahum, under the firm name of 
J. A. cS: X. Harwood, for the manufacture of leather 
board, with factory at Leominster and store in 
Boston. He follows the same business at the 
present time, having added the manufacture of 
chair-seats and < hairs for public halls, etc., under 
the company title " Harwood Manufacturing Co." 
He is still extensively engaged in farming and stock- 
raising on the old homestead, which has been in his 
family more than one hundred and fifty years, and 
under his management has grown to be one of the 



254 



BOSTON OF lO-DAY. 



finest estates in the Commonwealth. Mr. Harwood 
has been a member of the school board ; post- 
master of Littleton twenty-one years ; first president 
of the Farmers' Club of Littleton ; trustee of the 
Middlesex County Agricultural Society ; was on the 
staff of Governor Washburn, also of acting Gov- 
ernor Talbot ; a senator in the Legislature of 1875 
and 1876; and an executive councillor 1877, 1878, 
1879, "'ith Governors Rice and Talbot. In 1882 
he was a prominent candidate for lieutenant-gov- 
ernor before the Republican convention of that 
year. He is at present trustee of the Westford 
Academy and of the Massachusetts Agricultural 
College, Amherst ; president of the Live Stock In- 
surance Company, Boston ; and director in the New 
York Mutual Reserve Fund Insurance Com])an)-. 
He is a member of the L^nitarian Club, the Mid- 
dlesex Club, and the Home Market Club. He 
was influential in getting the United States cattle 
quarantine established in Littleton. When in the 
senate, it was through his influence and efforts that 
the State prison was built at Concord. During his 
second term as senator occurred the celebrations of 
the Lexington and Concord centennials, and he was 
made chairman of the joint special committee of 
the Legislature which had the matter in hand, in- 
cluding the entertainment of General Grant and his 
cabinet. General (irant afterwards wrote him an 
autograph letter expressing his appreciation of the 
manner in which he and his suite had been re- 
ceived. Mr. Harwood was married in Littleton 
Feb. II, 1852, to Lucy Maria, daughter of the 
Hon. Jonathan and Elizabeth Briard (Walker) 
Hartwell. Of this union were two children ; Her- 
bert Joseph, who graduated at Har\ard College 
1877, and Edward Alfred Harwood, who died in 
infancy. 

Hassam, John Tvlkr, son of John and Abby 
(Hilton) Hassam, was born in Boston Sept. 20, 
1 84 1. He is a lineal descendant of William Has- 
sam who settled in Manchester, Mass., about 1684. 
He fitted for college at the Boston Latin School, 
and graduated from Har\ard in the class of 1863. 
From December 8, that year, to Aug. i, 1864, he 
ser\'ed in the amiy as first lieutenant of the Seventy- 
fifth LTnited States Colored Infantr)', taking part in 
the Red River campaign. In February, 1865, he 
began his law studies in the office of A. A. Ranney, 
and Dec. 13, 1867, was admitted to the bar. In 
his practice he has devoted himself principally to 
conveyancing. From April, 1873, to April, 1874, 
he travelled extensively abroad. In Februar)-, 1867, 
he was elected a member of the Historic Genea- 



logical Society, and his interest in genealogical and 
historical matters has been unflagging. He was 
one of the directors and is now one of the council 
of that society, and for six years he was chairman 
of its committee on library. He first set on foot 
the exhaustive researches in England, undertaken 



#'^ 




JOHN T. HASSAM. 

by the society through Henry F. Waters, and is 
chairman of the committee under whose direction 
the work has been carried on. He is a frequent 
contributor to the " New England Historical and 
(Genealogical Register," and a number of his anti- 
ijuarian and genealogical papers have been reprinted 
in separate form. He was one of the original mem- 
bers of the Boston Antiquarian Club, organized in 
1879, and subsequently, in 1881, merged in the 
Bostonian Society ; he was one of the corporate 
members of the latter society, and was for nine 
years a member of its board of directors ; he is a 
member of the Massachusetts Historical Society, 
elected in 1881 ; a member of the American His- 
torical Association ; a corresponding member of 
the Weymouth Historical Society ; and a member of 
the Bunker Hill Monument Association. In 1884 
he was appointed by the Superior Court of Suffolk 
county one of the commissioners under whose 
authority the indices in the Registry of Deeds are 
made, and the reindexing of the entire mass of 
records there, upon the present plan, is the result 
of his efforts. The printing of the early \olunies 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



255 



of the Suffolk deeds is due solely to him. He suc- 
ceeded in rescuing from threatened destruction a 
large part of the original court-files of Suffolk 
county, and in obtaining the appropriation neces- 
sary for their preservation and proper arrangement ; 
through his exertions the records, files, papers, and 
documents in the State department have been 
arranged and made accessible for reference. He is 
an earnest advocate of land-transfer reform, and 
was the first member of the Suffolk bar to call public 
attention to the Austrahan or Torrens system of 
registration of title. This reform he has advo- 
cated in communications in the public press and 
before committees of the Legislature. An article 
by him on " Land Transfer Reform," published in the 
"Harvard Law Review" for January, 1S91, has 
been reprinted by the special committee of the 
State Legislature. He has prepared a bill providing 
for the introduction of the system of registration 
of titles in this Commonwealth. Mr. Hassam 
was married in Salem Feb. 14, 1878, to Miss Nelly 
Alden Batchelder, daughter of Dr. John Henry 
Batchelder, of Salem ; they have one child : Eleanor 
Hassam. 

Hastings, Caroline Eliza, M.D., was born in 
Barre, Mass., .-Xpril 21, 1841. She was educated 
in the local schools of her native town, and in the 
Mt. Holyoke Female Seminary at South Hadley. 
After graduating from the seminary she taught 
for a time in district schools, and then, in 1863, 
began the study of medicine. In 1868 she grad- 
uated M.D. from the New England Female Med- 
ical College of Boston (united in 1874 with the 
Boston University School of Medicine ) . She also 
took a course in the Polyclinic School of New 
York, under Carl Huntzmann, and spent some 
time studying in the hospitals of Vienna. In 1870 
she began the practice of her profession, estab- 
lishing herself in Boston. She was made assistant 
demonstrator of anatomy in the Boston University 
Medical School upon the opening of that institu- 
tion ; three years later was appointed demonstrator 
and lecturer; and in 1880 was made professor of 
anatomy, which position she held for seven years, 
finally resigning it on account of the pressure of 
her private practice. She is a member of the 
Boston and Massachusetts Homceopathic Medical 
Societies, the American Institute of Homoeopathy, 
and the International Hahnemannian Society. For 
several years she has been a leading and influential 
member of the Boston school committee (now 
serving a third term), and has been prominent in 
reform work. 



Hastings, Lewis M., Cambridge city engineer, 
was born in AVeston, Mass., in 1853. He was 
educated in the public schools, and took a scientific 
course at Comer's Commercial College in Boston. 
In 1870 he entered the office of W. S. Barbour, 
civil engineer, Boston. In 1871 he was engaged 
by J. G. Chase in the office of the city engineer of 
Cambridge. Upon the election of Mr. Barbour to 
that office he was appointed first assistant engineer, 
and this position he held until the death of Mr. 
Barbour, when, in April, 1889, he was elected to 
the vacancy. Mr. Hastings is a member of Boston 
Society of Civil Engineers, and of the New England 
Water Works Association. He belongs to the 
Franklin Council of the Royal Arcanum and the 
Colonial Club of Cambridge. 

Hasty, John A., architect, was born in Water- 
borough, Me., Aug. 31, 1S57. He early had the ad- 
vantage of a thorough training as a carpenter and 
builder, which experience has been of great assist- 
ance to him in his profession. He entered the 
ranks of architects in Boston in 1886, and early 
received some important commissions. The hand- 
some brown-stone building of the Cambridge Mutual 
Fire Insurance Company in Cambridgeport, and 
the residences of W. H. Wood in Cambridgeport 
and of William Austin in Brookline, the club-house 
for the Colonial Club, Cambridge, and the boat-house 
for Riverside Boat Club are his work. He has also 
designed a number of country places and buildings 
which are especially artistic. Mr. Hasty was mar- 
ried in 1882 to Annie F. Hasty, of Limerick, Me. 

Haynes, John Cummings, son of John Dearborn 
and Eliza Walker (Stevens) Haynes, was born in 
Brighton, Mass., Sept. 9, 1829. He was educated 
in the public schools of Boston, finishing in the 
English High School, under Masters Bacon and 
Robinson. He left school at the age of fifteen, as 
his parents needed his active help. In July, 1845, 
he went as a boy into the employ of the late Oliver 
Ditson, the celebrated music-publisher. Here he 
remained until his majority, when he became inter- 
ested in the business, receiving a percentage of the 
sales. On Jan. i, 1857, he became a partner, and 
the style of the firm was then changed to Oliver 
Ditson & Co. The death of Oliver Ditson, in 
December, 1888, dissolved the firm, in which Mr. 
Haynes had been a partner for thirty-two years. 
The sur\dving partners (Mr. Haynes and Mr. 
Charles H. Ditson, son of Oliver Ditson) and the 
executors of the estate of Oliver Ditson at once 
organized a corporation, under the laws of Mas- 



256 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



sachusetts, under the title of the " OHver Ditson 
Company," admitting as stockholders several of the 
best of the young men who had grown up with the 
business. Mr. Haynes became the president and 
Charles H. Ditson treasurer of the new corporation, 
with headquarters in the buildings Nos. 449 and 
45 1 Washington street. The branch houses are : 
John C. Haynes & Co., Boston, Charles H. Ditson 
& Co., New York, and J. E. Ditson & Co., Philadel- 
phia. The growth of the publishing house of Oliver 
Ditson & Co. has been identical with the growth of 
musical taste and culture in the United States. Its 




influence as a civilizing and refining agent, as the 
country has developed, has been marked. Mr. 
Haynes has also been interested in large and suc- 
cessflil real-estate ventures that have materially 
added to the assessed valuation of the city of Bos- 
ton, where he has resided for over fifty years. 
When a young man he was instrumental in organ- 
izing the Franklin Library Association, and his con- 
nection with it for many years was of great 
advantage to him in his early training and culture. 
He is a life member of the Mercantile Library Asso- 
ciation, of the Young Men's Christian Union, of 
the Women's Industrial Union, and of the Aged 
Couples' Home Society; he is one of the trustees 
of the Franklin Savings Bank ; a director in the 
Massachusetts Title Insurance Company and Pru- 
dential Fire Insurance Company ; treasurer of the 



Free Religious Association ; member of the Massa- 
chusetts Club, Home Market Club, and the Boston 
Merchants' Association. He joined the Free Soil 
party when a young man, and went with it into the 
Republican party, with which he is still identified. 
He was a member of the Boston common council 
four years, from 1862 to 1865 inclusive. In early 
life, after having been for many years a scholar in 
one of the Baptist Sunday-schools of the city, he 
became interested in the preaching of Theodore 
Parker. That was in 1848, and ever since he has 
been connected with the Twenty-eighth Congrega- 
tional Society, which was organized to allow Mr. 
Parker to be heard in Boston, serving for many 
years as chairman of its standing committee. He 
was active in the construction of the Parker Memo- 
rial Building, and in its recent transfer to the 
Benevolent Fraternity of Churches, the object of 
this transfer being to perpetuate the memory of 
Theodore Parker in practical, charitable, educa- 
tional, and religious work. He was also one of the 
organizers of the Parker Fraternity of Boston, for 
many years a powerful social and religious society. 
The " Parker Fraternity Course of Lectures," 
sustained for nearly twenty years, were remark- 
able for their influence in moulding and direct- 
ing public opinion, especially during the Civil 
War and the years of reconstruction immediately 
following. In the first course Mr. Parker deliv- 
ered his celebrated lectures on Washington, Franklin, 
Adams, and Jefferson. Mr. Haynes was married in 
Boston, by Theodore Parker, May i, 1855, to Fanny, 
daughter of Rev. Charles and Frances (Seabury) 
Spear. Of this union were seven children : Alice 
Fanny (Mrs. M. Morton Holmes), Theodore 
Parker (deceased), Lizzie Gray (Mrs. O. Ciordon 
Rankine), Jennie Eliza (Mrs. Fred. O. Hurd), Cora 
Marie (Mrs. E. Harte Day), Mabel .Stevens, and 
Edith Margaret Haynes. 

Havnks, Tilly, son of Lyman and Caroline 
(Hunt) Haynes, was born in Sudbury, Middlesex 
county, Feb. 13, 1828. On his father's side he is a 
direct descendant of Walter Haynes, who was born 
in England 1583, and came to America in 1635 
from the parish of Sutton-Mandeville, Salisbury, 
county of Wilts. From the General Court of the 
colony he obtained a grant of land in Sudbury, where 
he settled, being one of the original founders of that 
town. On the maternal side Mr. Haynes is directly 
descended from William Hunt, who came over in 
163s and settled in Concord, where he received a 
grant of land and was one of the original founders. 
When Tilly Haynes was but two years old his father 



256 



sachusetts, under 1 1 • 
Company," admittiiv 
best of the vonne nir 



i: -lu!!.".. A-' ...;....., "er of the Mnr-- 

ic Market Club, and the Bos 
tion. He joined the Free S 
,; ;nan, and went with it into t 
' ;fh which he is still identiii- 
!if the Boston common coin' 
. to 1865 inclusive. In e. 1 
' n for many yeacg a scholar 
,|Hy>i Sunday-schools of the city, 
lested in the preaching of Theodr 
ntwasiri 1S48, and ever since he li 
leeii Luiintcted with the Twenty-eighth Congrec. 
tional Society, which was organi;'ed to allow >' 
Parker to be -heard in Boston, sen'ing for mai 
years as chairman of its standing committee. I J 
iva<; active in the construction of the Parker Mem 
" "l::g, and in its recent transfer to •■ 
rraternity of Churches, the object 
^ lieing .to perpetuate the meraon 
lh.,'ji>oi. Parker in practical, charitable, ediu 
tional. and ri-iigiou- work. He was also one of t. 

' " ■■■ • I'Vaternity of Pn-^^ - 

i and religio 



influence as a civilizing ; ad ixnnm- .■■-H'-in, Ub the 
country has developed, has been matkc<l. Mr. 
Haynes has also been interested in largr and s^uc- 
cessful real-estate ventures that liave materially 
added to the assessed valuation of the rity of Bos- 
ton, where he has resided for o\er fifty years. 
When a young man he was instrumental in organ- 
izing the Franklin Library Association, and his con- 
nection with it for many years was of great 
advantage to him in his early training and culture. 
He is a life member of the Mercantile Library Asso- 
ciation, of the Young Men's Christian Union, of 
the Wnmen'*; Industrial Union, and. of- the Aged 

in- Society; he is one of the trustee* 
n Savings. Bank ; a director in the 

- Title Insurance Company and Pni- 
ucutiai f ire Insurance Company; treasurer of tlit 



uiii ihe years 01 reconstruction immediacy 
>ing. In the first course Mr. Parker dtii 
c:t.(ihis celebrated lectures on Washington, Franklin. 
Adnms, and Jefferson. Mr. Haynes was married c. 
Boston, by Theodore Parker, May i, 1855, to Fanny, 
daughter of Rev. Charles and Frances (Seabuiy; 
Spear. Of this union were seven children : Alice 
Fanny (Mrs. M. Morton Holmes), Theodore 
Parker (deceased), Lizzie Gray (Mrs. O..- Gordon 
Rankine), Jennie Eliza (Mrs. Fred. O. Hurd), Cora 
Marie (Mrs. E. Harte Day), Mabel Stevens, and 
Edith Margaret Haynes. 

Ha\nes, Tilly, son of Lyman and Caroline - 
(Hunt) Haynes, was borrf in Sudbury, Middlesex 
county, Feb. 13, 1828. On his father's side he is a 
direct descendant of Walter Haynes, who was bom 
in -England 1583, and came to America in 1635 
from -the parish of Sutton-Mandeville, Salisbury, 
county of Wilts. From the General Court of the 
colony he obtained a grant of land in Sudbury, where 
he settled, being one of the original founders of that 



town. 

desi 

16.-,^ 



On the mntern." 



ide Mr. Haynes is directly 

nt, who came over in 

'd, where he received a 

I ihe original .-founders. 

IS old his father . 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



'■S7 



removed to Billerica, and there the lad received 
his education in the schools of that place. In 
1S42 he went to North Reading and obtained work 
ni a country store ; three years later he entered 
the employ of Josiah Crosby, in the first and for 
some time the only store in Lawrence. In April, 
1849, at the age of twenty-one, he went to Spring- 
field, and opened a store for the sale of men's 
goods. He was one of the original stockholders in 
the Indian Orchard Mills. In connection with 
others, he built a small button-factory in Springfield, 
manufactured flax machines at Mill River, and sew- 
ing machines at Chicopee. In 1857 he built the 
music hall and theatre corner of Pynchon street, 
Springfield, which was destroyed by the great fire of 
1864. This was replaced by the new music hall, 
and the Haynes Hotel was built and successfully 
opened within the next twelve months. Mr. Haynes 
was married in 1853 to Martha C, daughter of 
Archelaus and Elizabeth (Hacket) Eaton, of Salis- 
bury. Mrs. Haynes died in 1876, and Mr. Haynes 
disposed of the hotel and music hall which he had 
run so successfully and relinquished all business. 
Not desiring to lead an idle life, however, in 18S0 
he accepted the invitation of the directors of the old 
United States Hotel, Boston, to take charge of that 
property, which was considered a hopeless under- 
taking. He has made a most phenomenal success 
in its management, doubling the value of the 
property and quadrupling its business. Mr. Haynes 
ser\-ed in the first city government of Springfield ; 
was a member of the lower house of the Legislature 
1867, 1868, 1869, and 1870; was a member of the 
State senate 1S75, 1876, 1877, and 1878: and in 
1878 and 1879 served as a member of the executive 
council of Governors Rice and Talbot. He was chair- 
man of the committee on State House during its 
rebuilding in 1869, chairman of the railroad com- 
mittee 1876, and served on various other com- 
mittees of the House and Senate ; and in every 
position he secured the respect and confidence of 
his associates. He is one of the metropolitan 
sewerage commissioners appointed by Governor 
Ames. The name of Haynes was originally spelled 
Hayne, as evidenced on the Haynes coat of arms, 
" confirmed to Thomas Hayne of Fryer W'addon, 
County Dorset, by Sir William Segar, Garter, 1607." 

Hemenwav, Alfred, was born in Hopkinton, 
Mass., Aug. 17, 1839. He entered Vale College, 
graduating in 1861, after which he studied law at 
the Harvard Law School. In July of 1863 he was 
admitted to the bar, and after some years of active 
practice he became a member of the firm of Allen, 



Long, & Hemenway, in 1879, \vhich still continues. 
Mr. Hemenway is a warm Republican, but has never 
sought political office ; and when, a few years ago, 
he was offered a seat upon the bench by Governor 
Ames, he declined the honor. 

Hemenw.^y, Frederick Mortimer, was born in 
Framingham, Mass., Nov. 28, 1848. After a time 
spent in the public schools of Clinton he removed 
to New Britain, Conn., and was in the dental office 
of Dr. C. B. Errichson of that place. There he 
remained for six years, and then came to Boston to 
open an office for himself. He afterwards entered 
the Boston Dental College, from which he graduated 
in 1 888. In the fall of the same year he was ap- 
pointed demonstrator of operative dentistry at the 
dental college, which position he still holds. Dr. 
Hemenway is a member of the Boston Dental Col- 
lege Alumni Association and of the Massachusetts 
Dental Society. 

Herbert, John, was born in Wentworth, N.H., 
Nov. 2, 1849. His father, Samuel Herbert, is a prom- 
inent New Hampshire lawyer, for many years one 
of the leaders of the Democratic ]iariy in thai State, 
and for several terms a member of tin I im^litnre. 
His mother's maiden name was L. Maria i )arling, 
daughter of Benjamin Darling, who studied law 
with Ezekiel Webster, brother of Daniel Webster. 
Mr. Herbert's boyhood was spent in Rumney, 
N.H. \Vhen he was twelve years old his parents 
moved to Boston for the purpose of educating 
him. He graduated from the Mayhew Grammar 
School in 1864, and from the English High in 
1867. In both of these schools he was at the 
head of his class, receiving from each a silver 
medal. In the latter he also won the first prize in 
the scientific department. In January, 1868, he en- 
tered the sophomore class of the Chandler scientific 
department of Dartmouth College, where he re- 
mained until the end of the college year 1869, 
being at the head of his class. He then studied 
Latin and Greek for one year under a private tutor. 
In 1870 he entered the senior class of the academi- 
cal department of the college. He was one of the 
editors of " The Dartmouth," the college magazine, 
and was also prominent in athletics, being captain 
of the college base-ball nine. Soon after his gradu- 
ation he was appointed first assistant, and after 
one term became the principal of Appleton Acade- 
my, New Ipswich, N.H., which position he held 
until 1874, when he resigned. After his retirement 
from this position, Mr. Herbert studied law with 
his father in Rumney, N.H., and was admitted to 



^58 



KC 



lAV. 



the New Hampshire bar in 1875. After practising 
for a time, he entered Andover Theological Sem- 
inary and prepared for the ministry. In 1876 he 
became the pastor of the First Congregational Church 
in Stoughton, Mass. This pastorate he reluctantly 
relinquished in 1878, on account of a throat trou- 
ble, and spent the following year travelling in 
Europe, Egypt, and the East. On his return, 
being compelled by physical disability to abandon 
the ministry, he resumed the practice of law in 
Boston, in 1880. He is a member of the Suffolk 




bar, and of the Boston Bar Association, and has 
a lucrative practice. Notwithstanding the exact- 
ing duties of his profession, he has given much of 
his time to public service, occupying various posi- 
tions of note and trust. To his untiring efforts are 
due in a large degree the unprecedented success of 
the Mystic Valley Club, organized in 1888, of which 
he is now secretary and first vice-president. This 
club is composed of about three hundred and fifty 
representative citizens of Somerville, Cambridge, 
Arlington, Medford, and Winchester, who are asso- 
ciated together for the purpose of reform in politics 
and promotion of the cause of temperance. Not 
less in importance has been his interest in the 
temperance cause, of which he is a leading advo- 
cate. His voice has been heard on many plat- 
forms. Mr. Herbert is president of the .Appleton 
Academy .'\ssociation, which has in its membershii) 



persons from nearly every State in ' the Union, in- 
cluding many of note ; and a prominent member 
of the Congregational Club. He is also a Free 
Mason. In politics he is a Republican. In Som- 
er\-ille, where he resides, he has always been active 
in church and social circles. He was one of the 
founders of the " Somerville Citizen," and has been 
instrumental with others in making this one of the 
best local newspapers in New England. Mr. Her- 
bert was married Aug. i, 1872, to Miss Alice C. 
Grey, who was teacher of music and drawing in the 
Appleton Academy when he was its ]irincipal ; 
they have one son. 

Hersev, Ira G., was born in Hingham March 12, 
i860. He began business for himself in 1883, as 
carpenter and builder, and among the notable 
buildings of which he has had charge may be men- 
tioned the Pierce Building, on Copley square, stores 
on the corner of Tremont street and Temple place, 
the remodelling of the old Masonic Temple on 
Tremont street, stable for W. F. W'e\d in Brookline, 
and the South Armory Building on Irvington street. 
He was in 1892 engaged on the construction of the 
new Court House on Pemberton square, the power 
houses for the West End Street Railway Company, 
and the buildings for the Massachusetts School for 
the Feeble-Minded, at Waltham. 

Hn.LARD, James Lincoln, was born in ISrooklyn, 
N.V., -Aug. 3, 1847, but came to Boston when a 
boy. He was educated in the public schools of 
Roxbury and Newton, finishing at the Institute of 
Technology. In 1869 he was appointed assistant 
clerk of committees in the City Hall, under James 
M. Bugbee, and remained in this position until 
1873, when he accepted the appointment as 
mayor's clerk for Mayor Pierce. He ser\ed as 
clerk to the Hon. Henry L. Pierce, the Hon. 
Samuel C. Cobb, and again to Mayor Pierce ; also 
in the collector's department. In 1879 he was 
appointed assistant clerk of committees at City 
Hall, under \Villiam H. Lee, and continued in that 
position until July, 1885, when Mr. Lee was ap- 
pointed to the board of ])olice commissioners ; 
since that date Mr. Hillard has been clerk of 
committees. He is a member of the Knights of 
Honor, and of the order of (iood Fellows. 

Hn.LS, Thomas, was born in Boston Aug. 13, 
1828. He passed through the public schools, 
graduating with honors, and entered the employ of 
Messrs. Lawson & Huntington, upholsterers, as an 
apprentice to learn that business, and served a term 




^/ 



hd^^^m^Au. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



'S9 



of five years. He had the "gold fever" in iS49,and 
started for San Francisco in March of that year, 
and going around Cape Horn, reached the ( loklen 
Gate on the 9th of Sejitember. After a brief expe- 
rience as a miner. .\[r. Hills formed a business part- 
nership with Charles M. Plum in San Francisco, 
under the firm name of Plum & Hills. This house 
still sun'ives in that city, the C. M. Plimi Uphol- 
stery Company, as a corporation, carrying on a large 
business. Mr. liill^' 1 oimection with it ceased 
when he left Calitonua in November, 1850, visiting 
China and Kngland, returning to Boston in Septem- 
ber, i<S5i. In i860 he was elected to the lower 
house of the Legislature, and also the following 
year, and was again reelected in 1865. The same 
year (1865) he was chosen one of the assessors of 
the city of Boston, and was annually reelected luitil 
the term of office was extended to three years, since 
which time he has been rea])pointed at the expira- 
tion of each term of service. Upon the death of 
George Jackson, the chairman of the board, he was 
chosen his succ essor, and still retains that office. 
Mr. Hills is ]ircsi(lcnt ol' the South ISoston Savings 
Bank, and has twi, e been |ircsi(lent of the Me- 
chanic Apprentices lilirarx Association. He is a 
director of tlic ( )1(1 S( liool l;o\s .\ssociation, of the 
Massacluiselts Title Insurance Company, and of 
other corporations. For more than a quarter of a 
century he has been a member of the committee of 
management of the Barnard Memorial (formerly the 
Warren-street chapel), and is now chairman of that 
committee. 

HiXLKs, l';i)WAKi> WiNsi.ow, SOU of Cai-itaiu Flisha 
and I'^lizabeth Ho|>kins (Wentworth) Hincks, was 
born in Bucksport, Me., May .:;o, 1830. His father 
was a native of Provinc clown, Mass., and was lost at 
sea in 1S31, and his mother was of Orrington, Me. 
He is a lineal descendant of Chief Justice John 
Hinckes, of New Ham])shire, who was also a coun- 
cillor both in MaNsai liusctts and New Hampshire 
(president of tin- 1 ounc il of the latter province for 
several years) almost continuously from 1683 to 
1708. He was educated in the common schools 01 
his native town, and at the age of fifteen went to 
work, beginning as an apprentice in the printing- 
office of the " Bangor Whig and Courier." Here 
he remained four years. Then, in 1S49, he came 
to Boston and engaged in the printing and publish- 
ing Ixisiness, in which he continued until 1856. In 
1855 he was a member of the lower house of the 
Legislature, and the same year a member of the Bos- 
ton common council. At the opening of 1856 he 
was appointed a clerk in the office of the secretary 



of the Commonwealth, and prepared the State census 
of 1855 for publication. He retained this position 
until the outbreak of the Civil War, occupying his 
leisure time in the study of law, intending to follow 
that profession. In 1856 he removed to Lynn, 
where he became librarian of the Lynn Library 
.Association, of which the present public library is an 
outgrowth. In August, 1859, he was appointed ad- 
jutant of the Eighth Massachusetts Regiment, and 
this was the modest beginning of his Inilliant mili- 
tary career. In December, i860, when matters in 
South Carolina were becoming critical, he wrote to 
Major Anderson, then stationed at Fort Moultrie, 
asking if in case of attack upon his command he 
would be at liberty to accept volunteers to aid in 
the defence of the fort, and adding : " I am confident 
that a large body of volunteers from this vicinity 
can be put afloat at short notice, ... if neces- 
sity shall demand and the authorities permit it." 
This was the first proffer of aid made to Major Ander- 
son. He acknowledged it with hearty thanks, writ- 
ing, " Come what may, I shall ever bear in grateful 
remembrance your gallant, your humane offer," but 
explained that the fortification was so indifferent 
and exposed that " if attacked by a force headed by 
any one but a simpleton, there is scarce a possibility 
of our being able to hold out long enough to enable 
our friends to come to our succor." On .\pril 15, 
1 86 1, when the news of the firing on Sumter and 
the call for troops was received, Adjutant Hincks 
hastened to the State House, and at nine o'clock 
offered his services and those of his comrades of 
the Eighth Regiment to Governor Andrew, which 
were accepted. Under orders promptly issued he 
rode that evening to Lynn, Salem, Beverly, and 
Marblehead, despatching messengers to Newbury- 
port and (Moucester, notifying the various com- 
panies of his regiment to rendezvous in Boston at 
once; and early the next morning he marched into 
Faneuil Hall with three comjianies from Marble- 
head, the first troops in the country en route for the 
seat of war. The next day he was commissioned 
lieutenant-colonel of the regiment, and on the 
next, the i8th, started with it for Washington. On 
the 2 I St, at Annapolis, a detachment under his com- 
mand boarded the frigate "Constitution," then 
aground, and after lightening her of the guns suc- 
cessfully floated her and worked her to sea; and 
the following day another detachment under his 
command took possession of the Baltimore & Wash- 
ington Railroad, repaired the engines and track, 
and soon reopened communication. .Arriving in 
Washington on the 26th he was immediately 
appointed a second lieutenant of cavalry in the 



26o 



BOSTON OF I'O-DAV. 



regular army. On May i6 following he was made 
colonel of his old regiment, which he commanded 
during its three months' term of service. On 
August 3 he was commissioned colonel of the 
Nineteenth iMassachusetts, and was with it in the 
army of the Potomac from August, 1861, to June 
30, 1862, when he was wounded in the action at 
White Oak Swamp, Va. Returning to duty in 
August, he commanded the Third Brigade, Sedg- 
wick's Division, Army of the Potomac, to September 
17, when he was twice severely wounded in the 
battle of Antietam. In November he was made 
brigadier-general United States Volunteers. His 
wounds held him from duty until March, 1863. 
Then, from Aph\ 2 to June 9, he was on court- 
martial duty at Washington ; from July to March 
the next year, in New Hampshire commanding the 
draft rendezvous at Concord, and acting assistant 
provost marshal-general and superintendent of the 
volunteer recruiting service for that State ; in .^pril, 
1864, commanding the district of St. Mary's and 
camp of prisoners of war at Point Lookout, Md. ; 
then in the field again, commanding the Third Divis- 
ion, Eighteenth Army Corps, to July, 1864, when he 
was for the fourth time wounded ; next on court- 
martial duty to September 22 ; then commanding the 
draft-depot and camp of prisoners of war at Hart's 
Island, New York harbor, to February, 1865 ; for a 
month on duty in New York city as acting assistant 
provost-marshal-general, and chief mustering and 
disbursing officer for the southern division of New 
York : and the three months following on the same 
duty at Harrisburg, Pa., for the western division of 
Pennsylvania. On March 13, 1865, he was made 
brevet major-general United States Volunteers, for 
gallant and meritorious services during the war. In 
June, that year, he resigned the volunteer commis- 
sion, and on July 28 he was appointed lieutenant- 
colonel Fortieth United States Infantry (regular 
army) ; March 15, 1869, he was transferred to 
the Twenty-fifth United States Infantry. He was 
breveted colonel United States army March 2, 
1867, for gallant and meritorious services at the 
batde of .Antietam, and brigadier-general United 
States army, for gallant and meritorious sen-ices in 
the assault of Petersburg, Va. After the war he was 
governor of the Military Asylum from Jul)', 1866, to 
March, 1867 ; provost-marshal-general of North 
and South Carolina to January, 1868; commanding 
the eastern district of North Carolina part of that 
year ; in command of the post of New t)rleans in 
1869; and at Fort Clark, Texas, in 1S70. In 
December, that year, he was retired from active ser- 
vice for disability resulting from his wounds, with 



the full rank of colonel, United States Army. In 
Maich, 1872, he was made deputy-governor of the 
.southern branch of National Soldiers' Homes at 
Hampton, Va., and in January, 1873, he was trans- 
ferred to the north-western branch, near Milwaukee, 
Wis., where he remained until October, 1880, when 
he resigned. Since 1883 General Hincks has made 
his home in Cambridge, where he is respected as 
one of its foremost citizens. He has served three 
terms in the Cambridge board of aldermen (1886, 
1887, and 1888), the last year as president of the 
board and occasionally acting mayor. He is a 
companion in the National Commandery of the 
Loyal Legion, commander of the Massachusetts 
Commandery in 1889-90, and of the Wisconsin 
Commandery 1876-80; is connected with the 
Masonic order ; and is a member of the New Eng- 
land Historic Genealogical Society. He has been 
twice married: first, Jan. 25, 1855, to Miss Annie 
Rebecca Dow, of Lynn, who died Aug. 21, 1862. 
Her only child was Anson Burlingame Hincks, who 
died in Rockville, Md., Jan. 27, 1862. His second 
marriage was on Sept. 3, 1863, to Elizabeth Pierce 
Nichols, of Cambridge. Her only child, Bessie 
Hincks, a promising girl of twenty, who had gradu- 
ated from the Milwaukee College and had just 
entered the Harvard Annex, died in Cambridge 
July 5, 1885, a distressing death. \Vhile walking 
along the street her dress took fire from a burning 
cracker and she was fatally burned. 

HoHBS, Geori;e M., son of William and Maria 
(Miller) Hobbs, was born in Waltham, Mass., April 
II, 1827. He attended the public schools of his 
native town until he had reached the age of twelve, 
when he was put to work in a store in Cambridge, 
where he remained three years. Coming in daily 
contact during this period with many law students, 
he was inspired by their superior attainments with 
an ambition to become like them, and as a begin- 
ning he took up the study of Latin without a teacher, 
pursuing it after the shop was closed at nine o'clock 
at night. Subsequently, with the slight learning thus 
obtained, he placed himself under the care of that 
most excellent scholar and woman, Mrs. Ripley, at 
Waltham and at Concord, for one year, when he 
presented himself for examination at Harvard. 
Successfully passing, he entered the college, and 
graduated in the class of 1850. After graduation 
he was engaged for a while as a private tutor in 
Upper Marlborough, Md., and then in teaching in 
Alexandria, Va. Returning to Cambridge, he took 
the Law School course, graduating in 1857. While 
there he acted as proctor, and for a year was libra- 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



i6l 



rian of the Law School. In 1858 he was admitted 
to the Suffolk bar, and began practice in Boston 
associated with Hon. Edward Avery — a connec- 
tion which has ever since continued. Mr. Hobbs 
was a member of the lower house of the Legislature 
in 1 868; for twenty-three years a member of the 
Roxbury and the Boston school boards, serving two 
years as president of the Boston board ; and for 
two years was one of the Boston water commis- 
sioners. In connection with his partner, Mr. Avery, 
he has prepared and published a work on bank- 
ruptcy. On Oct. 26, 1859, he was married in 
Boston to Miss Annie M. Morrill ; they have two 
children : Alice Avery and Edith Morrill Hobbs. 

HoDGKiNS, William E., son of Joseph W. and 
Sarah (Barnes) Hodgkins, was born in Plymouth, 
Mass., Sept. 26, 1829. On the maternal side he is 
descended from John Barnes, one of the earliest 




LLIAM E. HODGKINS. 



settlers in Plymouth. He was educated in the 
common and high schools of his native town. After 
leaving school he entered the tailoring establishment 
of his father, at that time the leading tailor of that 
town ; but, ambitious to work in a larger field, he soon 
came to Boston, where he entered the employ of 
Charles A. Smith, who had about that time leased 
the Old State House. In 1866 the firm re- 
moved to School street. His connection with Mr. 
Smith as cutter and as partner remained un- 



broken until the death of the latter in 1880. Mr. 
Hodgkins has had a very large personal acquaint- 
ance, having for more than thirty years catered to 
the wants of three generations of distinguished men 
in every profession, here and in various sections 
of the country. He was the first president of the 
Boston Merchant Tailors Exchange, having been 
largely instrumental in its organization, and was also 
elected a vice-president of the Merchant Tailors 
National E.xchange at its formation in Philadel- 
phia in 1885. He has always been prominent 
in promoting the interest of his trade. In 1891 
Mr. Hodgkins withdrew his interest from the old 
firm and formed a partnership with his son Edward 
W. Hodgkins, who had had nearly fifteen years' 
experience with the former house and is a worthy 
assistant to his father, thus completing the third 
generation engaged in the same pursuit. The 
Messrs. Hodgkins are well known on both sides of 
the Atlantic as experienced buyers, both having made 
many trips abroad in the interest of their business. 
The firm of Hodgkins & Hodgkins occupy chambers 
in the famous Niles Building on School street. Mr. 
Hodgkins was married in Cambridge Sept. 7, 1853, 
to Ann M., daughter of Captain John (U.S.N.) and 
Eliza (Candler) Bubier, of Marblehead. Of this 
union were five sons and one daughter : William C, 
Joseph W., Susan C, Edward W., Arthur B. (de- 
ceased), and Howard G. Hodgkins. 

HoLMKS, Oliver Wendell, son of Rev. Abiel 
Holmes, D.D., and Sarah (Wendell) Holmes, was 
born in Cambridge, Mass., Aug. 29, 1809. His father, 
a native of Woodstock, Conn., and a graduate of Yale 
in the class of 1783, was pastor of the First Congre- 
gational Church of Cambridge from 1792 to 1832. 
His mother was the daughter of Judge Oliver Wen- 
dell, of Boston. The old gambrel-roof house in 
which he was born was the original headquarters 
of the American Army of the Revolution, and here 
the battle of Bunker Hill was planned. He was 
educated by private instructors, at Phillips (Ando- 
ver) Academy, and at Har\-ard College, from which 
he graduated in the famous class of 1829. After 
graduation he devoted a year to the study of law, and 
then turned his attention to medicine, which was more 
congenial to his tastes. For two and a half years 
he studied with Dr. James Jackson and his associ- 
ates, and then, in 1833, went to Europe, where he 
attended L'Ecole de Mddecine in Paris, and spent 
some time in the hospitals of other foreign cities. 
In 1835 he returned to Boston and continued his 
studies in the Harsard Medical School, taking his 
degree in 1S36, the same year and season delivering 



262 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



" Poetry, a Metrical Essay," before the Harvard 
Phi Beta Kappa. In 1838 he was made professor 
of anatomy and physiology at Dartmouth College, 
and in 1840 he established himself in Boston, and 
became the fashionable physician of his day. In 
1847 he was appointed Parkman professor of anat- 
omy and physiology in the Harvard Medical 
School, succeeding Dr. John C. Warren, who had 
resigned ; and in 1849 he retired from general prac- 
tice, devoting himself to his college work and the 
pursuit of letters. For more than thirty years he 
delivered his weekly lectures for about eight months 
each year in the Medical School, and is now pro- 
fessor emeritus. His literary work was begun when 
he was a youthful student of law, and his earliest 
contributions of light verse were published in the 
"Collegian," a periodical issued by a group of 
Harvard undergraduates in 1830; and he was 
among the writers of the " Harbinger," " A May 
gift, dedicated to the ladies who have so kindly 
aided the New England Institution for the education 
of the blind," published in Boston in 1833. His 
first volume of poems was published in 1836. This 
included his famous "Old Ironsides," which he 
wrote in the old house in Cambridge when he was 
but twenty years old, and first pubhshed in the 
"Boston Daily Advertiser." Then followed other 
notable publications, among them : " Songs in Many 
Keys," " Songs of Many Seasons," " Astrsa : the 
Balance of Illusions," " The Autocrat of the Break- 
fast Table," " The Professor at the Breakfast Table," 
"The Poet at the Breakfast Table," " Elsie Venner," 
"The Guardian Angel," "Currents and Counter 
Currents in Medical Science," " Border-Lines in 
some Provinces of Medical Science," " Soundings 
from the Atlantic," " Mechanism in Thought and 
Morals," " Favorite Poems," " The Story of Iris," 
"The School Boy," "John Lothrop Motley," a 
memoir, "The Iron Gate, and Other Poems." 
Dr. Holmes' latest work, " Over the Tea Cups," 
written in his old age, after his return from an ex- 
tended visit to England, has the old charm of his 
earlier " Breakfast Table " series. The wiiiter resi- 
dence of Dr. Holmes is a delightful home on the water 
side of Beacon street, and his summer place is now in 
Beverly Farms. Years ago he made his summer home 
on the Housatonic, near Pittsfield, upon a broad estate 
inherited from his maternal ancestors, the Wendells. 
He was married June 15,1 840, to Amelia Lee, daugh- 
ter of Hon. Charles Jackson, of Boston. Of this 
union were born three children : Oliver Wendell, jr. 
(now associate justice of the Massachusetts Supreme 
Judicial Court), Amelia Jackson (widow of the late 
Turner Sargent), and Edward Jackson Holmes. 



HoLToN, Eut;ENF. Alexantjer, .son of Jesse and 
Jane Bennett (Allen) Holton, was born in Nashua, 
N.H., Jan. 13, 1847. He was educated in the 
Boston public schools. He began business in 1867 
as a photographer, and has successfully pursued 




EUGENE A. HOLTON. 

that profession ever since. He ser\e(l in the Forty- 
third Regiment Massachusetts Yolunteers during the 
war, and is now a member of Post 113, (i.A.R. He 
has for years been prominent in Masonic circles. 
He has presided over all the bodies in the York 
Rite and the Scottish Rite. He is a member of 
Boston Commandery Knights Templar, and Massa- 
chusetts Consistory, thirty-second degree. He was 
married July 11, 1869, to Miss Jennie H. Allen. 

Ho.MANS, John, M.D., was born in Pioston Nov. 
26, 1836. He is a son of Dr. John Homans, who 
graduated from Harvard in the class of 181 2, 
and practised medicine in Boston until 1867. His 
grandfather (Harvard University 1772) was a sur- 
geon throughout the Revolutionary War, and in that 
capacity was present at the Battle of Hunker Hill. 
He was also one of the original members of the 
Society of the Cincinnati. John Homans was fitted 
for college at the Boston Latin School, and entered 
Harvard College, graduating in the class of 1858. 
He received his degree of M.D. from Harvard 
College in 1862. Dr. Homans was house surgeon 
at the Massachusetts (leneral Hospital, and then 




ty^Jtyi^'-r^i.f-c/y-Tr/ 



•sm jip^. 




BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



'.6s 



served until 1865 as assistant surgeon in the 
(regular) United States army. He was in charge 
of the St. James Hospital at New Orleans, and on 
the staff of General Banks in the Red River expe- 
dition. He was then ordered to Virginia, and 
served in the Shenandoah Valley, first as surgeon- 
in-chief of the First Division, Nineteenth Army 
Corps, and afterwards as medical inspector on the 
staff of Major-General Sheridan. At the close of 
the war he went to Europe for two years, returning 
to Boston at the end of that time and beginning 
the practice of his profession. He was surgeon to 
the Boston Dispensary, to the Children's Hospital, 
to the Carney Hospital, and is now one of the 
visiting surgeons of the Massachusetts General 
Hospital. He is lecturer in Harvard University 
on the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian tumors. 
During the last eighteen years his name has been 
especially associated with abdominal surgery. He 
is a member of the Boston So( iety for Medical 
Improvement, and of the Military Historical Society 
of Massachusetts. He has contributed various 
papers to the different medical journals of the 
country. Dr. Homans was married in Boston, Dec. 
4, 1872, to Miss Helen Amory Perkins; they have 
had six children. 



HOMKS, Wll.l 



.'as born in Dorchester 




L. 



1849. He att;i 



JAM HOMES. 

his education in the local 



schools. He began his business career in 1865, 
with the firm of Scudder, Rogers, & Co., prominent 
hardware-dealers at that time. Subsequently he 
became a member of the firm of Willard, Homes, 
& Co., lumber dealers, and carried on an extensive 
business in that line. In 1877 he associated him- 
self with James Edmonds & Co., manufacturers and 
importers of fire-brick, sewer-pipes, etc., and soon 
took the entire charge of the business of the con- 
cern. In 1885 he was admitted to the firm of 
Fiske & Coleman, which had practically succeeded 
to the business of James P^dmonds & Co., when the 
firm name was changed to Fiske, Coleman, & Co. 
In the general management of the large business 
of the house, which now includes, besides the man- 
ufacture and importation of fire-brick and sewer- 
pipes, the manufacture of architectural terra-cotta 
and the production of faience for interior and ex- 
terior decoration, Mr. Homes gives his special 
attention to sales. He is now a resident of Maiden, 
and has served in the city government of that city. 
[For noteworthy examples of the work of Fiske, 
Coleman, & Co. in modern buildings in Boston and 
elsewhere, see sketch of Cieorge M. Fiske] . 

Hooper, FR.-iNKi,iN Henry, M.D., was born 
Sept. 19, 1850. After receiving his education in 
private schools of Boston, he went abroad, studying 
in Berlin and Frankfort, Germany, and Neufchatel, 
Switzerland. Returning to Boston in 1870, he 
entered the Harvard Medical School in 1872, grad- 
uating in 1876. Dr. Hooper is instructor in laryn- 
gology in the Harvard Medical School, and professor 
of laryngology in Dartmouth College. He also 
occupies the position of physician to the throat 
department of the Massachusetts General Hospital. 
He has contributed in various ways to the different 
medical journals of the country, his articles being 
chiefly in reference to the physiology of the recur- 
rent laryngeal nerves and obstructive diseases to the 
respiration of children. 

HoRSFORD, Ebex Norton, was born in Moscow, 
Livingston county, N.Y., July 27, 1818. His father, 
of English descent, was Jerediah Horsford, from 
Charlotte, Chittenden county, Vt. ; and his mother. 
Charity Maria Norton, from Goshen, Litchfield 
county, Conn. She was in direct descent from 
Thomas Norton of the colony of 1639, and on 
her mother's side from Major John Mason of the 
Pequot War. ISIr. Horsford's father was in his early 
manhood a missionary among the Seneca Indians 
in western New York, and a soldier of the War of 
181 2. The son enjoyed the rare advantages of a 



264 



BOSTON OF TO-DAV. 



home in which good books were common and the 
parental training was refined and vigorous. He at- 
tended the district and select schools until he was 
thirteen, when for three years he was a student in 
the Livingston county high school. While yet a 
boy he was employed in the extemporaneous sur- 
veys of the New York & Erie and the Rochester 
& Auburn Railroads. Then followed a course 01 
study at the Rensselaer Institute, where he gradu- 
ated as civil engineer in 1837. He was for two 
years engaged in the geological survey of the State 
of New York, as an assistant to Professor Hall, and 
in geological and engineering surveys for the Adir- 
ondack Iron Works of Essex county, N.Y. For 
four years he was connected with the Albany Female 
Academy, as professor of mathematics and the 
natural sciences, and during this time he lectured 
on chemistry in Newark College, Delaware. For 
two years after this he was a student under Liebig, 
at Giessen, Germany. On his return to this country 
he was appointed Rumford professor of applied 
sciences in Harvard University, and he filled this 
professorship for sixteen years. Since his resigna- 
tion of that office he has been engaged in chemical 
manufactures based on his own inventions. He 
has taken out some thirty patents, most of them 
connected with chemistry. His home is still in 
Cambridge. Besides the professional career 01 
Professor Horsford, he has engaged in many works 
of general utility and interest. His first work on 
his return from Germany was on the proper mate- 
rial for the service-pipes of the Boston water-works, 
in view of which the city of Boston presented him 
with a ser\ice of plate. He was appointed by Gov- 
ernor Andrew, soon after the opening of the Civil 
War, on the commission for the defence of Boston 
harbor, and prepared the report of the plans to be 
pursued in the event of the approach of Confederate 
cruisers. He devised a marching ration for the army 
in the late war, reducing transportation to the sim- 
plest terms. Of this ration General Grant ordered 
and there were prepared half a million. In 1S73 
he was a commissioner of the United States to the 
World's Fair at Vienna, and he published an elab- 
orate report in connection with his official duties. 
In 1876 he was a commissioner at the Centennial 
Exposition at Philadelphia. As the intimate friend 
of Henry F. Durant, the founder of Wellesley Col- 
lege, Professor Horsford has been the constant and 
munificent friend of that institution. He has been 
from its organization the president of the board of 
visitors, and has devoted much time to the interests 
of the college. He has endowed the college library 
and founded the system of the " Sabbatical Year," 



as it is called, by which the professors are enabled 
to pass every seventh year, for rest and study, in 
Europe : and also a system of pensions for the pro- 
fessors. Of late years he has given much time to 
geographical studies. His attention was turned to 
New FZngland cartography, and especially to the 
finding of the lost city of Norumbega. His investi- 
gations led him to believe that the ancient city was 
not in Maine, but in Massachusetts. His first re- 
search led him to the Old Fort of Norumbeg, at the 
mouth of Stony Brook, in the town of Weston. 
When he had decided, from the ancient literature of 
the subject and from the modern geography, where 
its site must have been, he drove to the spot, but a 
few miles from his own house, and there found the 
remains of extensive ditches and walls. Five years 
later he announced the discovery of the site and 
walls of the ancient city of Norumbega at Water- 
town. It was a startling discovery. His conclusion 
was inevitable ; the maps, the books, the ancient 
walls, the results of his studies in the field, com- 
bined to convince him that this was the place which 
had been named in history and song, but had long 
ago been lost to sight. He had already found the 
landfall of Leif Erikson and the site of his houses 
in Vineland. In the summer of 1889 he erected a 
tower of stone at the junction of Stony Brook with 
Charles River, to mark the site of the ancient fort, 
and to commemorate the discoveries of Vineland 
and Norumbega. In connection with his historical 
enterprise he found other extensive remains of 
Norse settlements along the upper waters of Charles 
River, and elsewhere in New England. Following 
the old sagas, he had found that Leif Erikson, after 
his landfall on Cape Cod, sailed across the bay to 
Boston harbor and passed up the Charles in the 
year 1000. The coincidences between the sagas 
and the river and its banks were striking, and 
as one point after another became clear to his mind, 
he saw where Leif and his companions had come 
ashore and where they had built their houses. He 
has issued monographs in which his investigations 
have been described at length, with collections of 
rare maps, original charts and surveys and photo- 
graphs. When the statue jf Leif Erikson was 
erected in Boston in 1887, the historical address on 
the day of its unveiling was given in Faneuil Hall 
by Professor Horsford. In 1889 he gave a public 
address in Watertown before a large gathering, upon 
his discovery of Norumbega. The American Geo- 
graphical Society was represented on the occasion. 
By the invitation of the authorities of Boston, he 
delivered in Faneuil Hall the memorial address 
upon the life and work of Prof. Samuel F. B. Morse, 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



265 



the inventor of the electric telegraph. In 1886 he 
gave an address in connection with the library festi- 
val at Wellesley College. His publications on the 
various problems of the Northmen number ten in 
all. He has for many years conducted, as an ex- 
pert, investigations in chemistry and physics. He 
has published numerous chemical researches in the 
scientific publications of F^urope and America. Pro- 
fessor Horsford is still busily engaged in profes- 
sional and philanthropic work whose influence is 
extended and helpful. In 1847 Professor Horsford 
was married to Mary I/Hommedieu Oardiner, 
daughter of Hon. Samuel Smith Gardiner, of Shelter 
Island, N.V. She died in 1855, leaving four 
daughters, one of whom is the wife of Andrew 
Fiske, of Boston, and one the wife of the late Judge 
Benjamin Robbins Curtis, of Boston. In 1857 he 
married a sister of his former wife, Phct-be 1 )ayton 
Cardiner, who has one daughter. 

Hi)Ki(i\, William H., son of Stephen and Mar- 
garet (McCoy) Horton, natives respectively of 
Massachusetts and New Hampshire, was born in 
Milton, Mass., Dec. 16, 1817. He was reared on 
a farm and obtained a common-school education. 
Coming to Boston at eighteen, he found employ- 
ment as clerk in a dry-goods store at a salary of 
seventy-five dollars a year. He continued nine 
years in this capacity, the last year receiving eight 
himdred dollars. In 1844 he became a member of 
the firm of ^V. H. Mann & Co., dry-goods dealers 
on Tremont row. The next year they opened a 
branch store for wholesale trade on Milk street, and 
the year after that devoted themselves entirely to 
the wholesale trade, concentrating their business in 
the Bowdoin Building. In 1853 the firm of ^\'. H. 
Mann & Co. dissolved. Mr. Mann retired, E. C. 
Cowdin went to New York, and Mr. Horton to 
Europe. Returning in the fall of 1853 Mr. 
Horton, early in 1854, established the firm of 
\\'illiam H. Horton & Co., which continued, with 
Mr. Horton as senior member, with great success. 
Mr. Horton retired from business in 1882. During 
his active business life he crossed the Atlantic four- 
teen times. Mr. Horton is in politics a Republican. 
He is one of the incorporators and a member of the 
finance committees of the Homoeopathic Hospital, a 
member of the Bostonian Society and of the Art 
Chib, and was one of the incorporators of the Boston 
Merchants Association. He first married, in 1846, 
Mary M. Bowen, who died in 1849, leaving two sons ; 
\\ illiam H., jr., born in Cambridge, died in Boston 
in 18S0 ; and James B., born in Boston, and died in 
Constantinople in 1873. By his marriage with 



Augusta, daughter of David Kimball, he has two 
children living : David K. and Walter G. Horton, 
both in the Harvard Law School. Mr. Horton is a 
Unitarian in religion. 

HoucHToN, Hknry Arvin, M.D., son of Paul 
Houghton, was born on Christmas day, 1826, at Lyn- 
don, Vt. He received his education at the Lyndon 
Academy, workini; a part of each year in the scale 
manufactory of K. ^ 'V. Fairbanks & Co., of St. Johns- 
bury, to meet his scholastic expenses. He began his 
medical studies under Dr. C. B. Darling, of Lyndon, 
the second convert in Vermont to the doctrines of 
homoeopathy. Afterwards he attended the medical 
school in Woodstock, Vt., and finally completed his 
course of study at Philadelphia, Pa., where he 
graduated in March, 1852. He began practice 
with his old preceptor in his native town, and after 
four years here removed to Keeseville, a picturesque 
village on the Au Sable River, where he resided for 
seventeen years occupied with an extensive practice, 
finding leisure, however, to interest himself in the 
schools and in various manufacturing industries of 
the neighborhood. In December, 1876, Dr. Hough- 
ton moved to the Charlestown district, where he has 
also enjoyed a large and lucrative practice. He is 
a member of the Boston Homoeopathic Medical 
Society ; of the Massachusetts Surgical and Gynaeco- 
logical Society, and at one time its president ; and 
of the Massachusetts State Homoeopathic Medical 
Society, and its president in 1890. The year after 
his removal to Keeseville, in 1857, he was elected a 
member of the New York State Homoeopathic Medi- 
cal Society, becoming its president in 1872, and three 
years later a member of the American Institute of 
Homoeopathy. In the autumn of 1852 Dr. Houghton 
was married to Miss Sarah D. Page, of St. Johns- 
bury, \'t. 

Howe, Elias, born in Framingham in 1S20, is 
one of the oldest living music-publishers in the 
United States, having issued his first music-book 
over fifty-one years ago. His parents were in 
humble circumstances and he early went to work. 
His first outside work was riding a neighbor's 
horse during ploughing, for the munificent re- 
muneration of two cents a day. As a boy he was 
naturally musical, and, having obtained an apology 
for a violin, used to spend his spare hours fid- 
dling the old tunes then popular. At that time 
there were few or no collections of music that could 
be bought, as it was only published singly or in 
sheet-music form, and sold at a high price per 
sheet ; and as it was beyond his means to have a 



'.66 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



collection of printed music, he was in the habit of 
copying in a blank book every tune he heard played 
or could get hold of. In this way, in the course of 
time, he had gathered a large collection of music in 




ELIAS HOWE. 

his book, and it was in great demand by all the musi- 
cians the country round, who used frequently to bor- 
row it to use at dances. Early in 1840, when nine- 
teen years old and working on a farm, it occurred to 
him that he might make some money if he could but 
get his book published. Accordingly, obtaining 
from his employer a few days' leave of absence, he 
came up to Boston to try his fortune here. Submit- 
ting his manuscript to Albert J. Wright, of the firm 
of music printers Wright & Kidder, then doing 
business in Cornhill, he was told that it would cost 
five hundred dollars to issue the first edition of a 
few hundred copies. .-Xsked if he had any friends 
in Boston or at home who could help him with 
funds, he replied that he had none with money, 
but that he would " work his legs off to make the 
book a success, if they would only print it for him." 
Finally Wright & Kidder agreed to make the plates 
and print the books at their own expense, allowing 
him to take the copies as fast as he was able to pay 
for them. The book thus published was " The 
Musician's Companion," and afterwards, when is- 
sued in three volumes, it ran through many editions, 
and an immense number were sold. Mr. Howe 
bought his first small stock from his publishers in 



borrowed money, and soon accumulated a little 
capital by peddling his books from door to door. 
From this beginning sprang the immense number of 
music books at a popular price which are pub- 
lished in the United States. In 1842 Mr. Howe 
opened his first store in Providence, R.I., at No. 
98 Westminster street. Here he carried on a small 
music-business, besides repairing accordeons and 
umbrellas, until 1843, when he sold out. After- 
wards, moving back to Boston, he published " Howe's 
Accordeon Preceptor," with an entirely original 
system of instruction, which soon reached the sale 
of one hundred thousand. This was followed by 
" Howe's Violin School," the first of the cheap, self- 
mastering books, containing a large collection of 
graded popular music, of which over five hundred 
thousand copies have been sold. Mr. Howe's first 
store in Boston was in the old Scollay Building, 
where he was associated with Henry Tolman, the 
only partner in business he ever had. Afterwards 
he successively occupied Nos. 5, 9, and 11 Corn- 
hill. About 1850 he sold out his entire business to 
( )liver Ditson and retired, buying the large estate in 
South Framingham of Seth B. Howes of circus 
fame. There he lived quietly, meanwhile acting as 
manager of the South Reading Ice Company several 
years, until about 1861, when he again entered 
his old business. Establishing himself at No. ^^ 
Court street, moving from there to No. 61 Cornhill, 
and then to No. 103 Court street, he began making 
drums, and during the early years of the war he sold 
drums and fifes to nearly all the Massachusetts regi- 
ments and to many of the Western States. He also 
published music, especially military band and drum 
and fife, for use in the armies. Much of this music 
was sent to Louisville, Ky., and after the war he was 
informed that it all went into the Confederate army 
and was played there. Since the war days Mr. 
Howe has continued publishing music, steadily en- 
larging his catalogue and issuing many notable 
books. His series of instruction books for all in- 
struments, still popular, have reached a sale of over 
a million copies. About twelve years ago he moved 
to his present warerooms, Nos. 88 and 90 Court 
street. In 187 1, foreseeing the present great popu- 
larity of violins, he determined to have his choice in 
old violins before they had been picked over ; and 
with this in view he made his first trip to Europe. 
Since that time he has made many trips abroad, 
scouring the Continent for bargains in old and 
new violins, violas, violoncellos, and double basses, 
rare and curious instruments, and now he has 
the largest and finest collection of old violins in the 
world. 



BOSTON OF TO-l)AV, 



267 



i* 



HiiWK, Ei.MER Parkkr, SOU of Archelaus and M. chester Home for Aged Women; a trustee of the 
H. Janette (Brigham) Howe, was born in West- Free I)is]ieiisar\ : trustee of the Five Cents Savings 
borough, Mass., Nov. 1,1851. He graduated from Bank; ,1 diici tor of the Bunker Hill Monument 
the \\'orcester Polytechnic School in 1871 and from Association ; a vice-president of the New England 
Vale in 1876, and afterward entered the law office of 
Hillard, Hyde, & Dickinson, attending the Boston 
University Law School one year. He was admitted 
to the Suftblk bar in September, 1878, and the fol- 
lowing January he became a member of the law 
firm with which he studied, it soon after becoming 
Hyde, Dickinson, & Howe. So it continued until 
1889. These gentlemen are still associated to- 
gether, but not as partners. Mr. Howe has devoted 
himself chiefly to patent law. He is a Republican 
in politics. He is a member of the Union and 
Country Clubs, and of the Boston Bar Association. 



Howe, J.ames Sullivan, M.D., was born in Long- 
wood, Mass., July 7, 1858. He was educated in 
private schools, and fitted for college at St. Mark's 
School. Then he went to Harvard one year, and 
subsequently to the Medical School, graduating there- 
from M.l). in 1881. After graduation he served one 
year in St. Elizabeth's Hospital, New York. Then 
he went abroad, studying his profession two years 
in \ienna, London, and Paris, taking dermatology 
as a specialty, which line he now practises. Dr. 
Howe is at present physician to the Boston Dispen- 
sary and assistant in dermatology in the Boston 
City Hospital. He is a member of the Massachu- 
setts Medical Society, and of the American Der- 
matological Association. 




J 



HuNNEWELL, James FROTHiNCHAAr, son of James 
and Susan (Lamson) Hunnevvell, was born in 
Charlestown July 3, 1832, in the house which he 
still occupies. The Hunnewell family have lived in 
Charlestown since 1698, and the Frothinghams 
since 1630. He received his education mostly in 
private schools, and then was engaged with his 
father in the shipping business, chiefly with foreign 
ports, especially with Honolulu, and in the export 
of American products to them. The mercantile 
house founded by his father at Honolulu, in 1826, 
is still in a flourishing condition. For some years 
he has not been engaged in mercantile pursuits, 
but is occupied with private and trust affairs, 
and with antiquarian and historical subjects. He 
served through several years upon the Charlestown 
school board ; was a trustee of the Charlestown 
Public Library for eight years from its formation ; is 
chairman of the standing committee of the First 
Parish; president of the Charlestown Gas and 
Electric Company; a vice-president of the Win- 



Mortgage Security Company; an officer of the 
Society for Propagating the Gospel ; and in con- 
nection with the Hawaiian Islands, president of the 
Hawaiian Club, and treasurer of the United States 
Endowment of Oahu College. He was also for 
several years director of the New England Historic 
Genealogical Society, and since 1868 has been a 
member of the American Antiquarian Society. He 
is also a member of the St. Botolph, Union, and 
other clubs, and holds a membership in the Bos- 
tonian Society and other organizations. He has 
published several historical works of interest, which 
represent a large amount of careful study, and also 
some results of his travels, extensive in our own 
country and including many towns abroad. His 
house, fronting its ample, old-fashioned garden 
shaded by large trees, is one of the very few family 
homes of its sort now left in the crowded parts of 
the city. To the curiosities gathered from various 
quarters of the world by his father and by him are 
added his library, in which he has collected an 
unusual variety of illustrated books and many rare 
and curious volumes. His library is, indeed, said 
to be one of the choicest in the country in its 
special departments. Mr. Hunnewell has displayed 



268 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



the tastes and talents that lend dignity to the leisure 
of a man whose mind has been broadened by the 
commercial activities which have given a zest to 
his literary pursuits. Among the more important of 
his published works may be mentioned : " The Land 
of Scott," "Bibliography of Charlestown, Mass., 
and Bunker Hill," "The Historical Monuments of 
France," "The Imperial Island," " PIngland's 
Chronicle in Stone," " A Century of Town Life," 
" Historical Sketch of the Society for Propagating 
the Gospel among the Indians and Others in North 
America," " Civilization at the Hawaiian Islands," 
"An American Shrine," "Records of the First 
Church, Charlestown," " Journal of the Voyage of 
the Missionary Packet, Boston to Honolulu," and 
" Illustrated Americana." Mr. Hunnewell was mar- 
ried in Boston April 3, 1872, to Sarah Melville, 
daughter of Ezra and Sarah (Parker) Farnsworth, 
of Boston ; they have one child : James Melville 
Hunnewell. 

Hunt, Freeman, son of Freeman Hunt (editor 
of Hunt's " Merchants' Magazine," published in 
New York city) and Elizabeth T. (Parmenter) 



n 






FREEMAN HUNT. 

Hunt, daughter of \\ illiam Parmenter, of Cambridge, 
was born in Brooklyn, N.Y., Sept. 4, 1855. He 
was educated in the Cambridge schools, graduating 
from the high school in 1873; in Harvard, enter- 
ing in 1873 and graduating in 1877: and in the 



Harvard Law School, graduating in 1881. Then 
he entered the office of George S. Hale. Admitted 
to the bar in 1882, he joined a partnership first 
with H. Eugene Bowles, and then with William C. 
Tarbell, which continued until 1886. In January, 
1887, he became associated with Charles J. Mcln- 
tire. Mr. Hunt was a member of the school com- 
mittee of Cambridge from 1883 to 1887, of the 
common council in 1888, and of the State senate 
in 1890. In the senate he was upon the commit- 
tees on the judiciary, on elections, and on contested 
election cases, and was chairman of that on bills in 
the third reading. He was principally instrumental 
in getting the Harvard-bridge project through the 
senate. Mr. Hunt, his father, and his grandfather 
occupied the same seat in the senate. On June 8, 
1887, Mr. Hunt was married to Miss Abbie Brooks, 
daughter of Sumner J. Brooks, of Cambridge ; they 
have one child ; Edith Brooks Hunt. 

Hint, \Vii.liam Prescoit, son of Caleb and Re- 
becca (Pool) Hunt, was born in Bath, N.H., Jan. 
14, 1827. His father was a woollen-manufacturer 
at Bath, N.H., and imported the first carding- 
machine used in that State, and his mother, a native 
of Hollis, N.H., was a cousin of W. H. Prescott, 
the historian. He was fitted for Dartmouth Col- 
lege, but receiving an offer from the South Boston 
Iron Company, he entered the service of that cor- 
poration in .August, 1847, and has continued identi- 
fied with it and its successors to the present time. 
He was elected treasurer of the South Boston Iron 
Company in 1863, and president and treasurer in 
1876, and has held the same offices in the corpora- 
tions succeeding that company. He has been 
president of the Forbes Lithographic Manufactur- 
ing Company from 1875 to 1892 ; was president of 
the Boston Machine Company from 1864 to 1884 ; 
has been a director in the Boston Lead Manufactur- 
ing Company since 1880; and was a director in 
the Cavan Cotton-Gin Company from i860 to 
t888. He was elected a director of the Atlas 
Xatiimal Bank in 1872, and president in 1878, 
serving; until 1882; and he was a director in the 
Manufacturers' Insurance Company from 1872 to 
1882. Mr. Hunt was first married in 1856, to Miss 
Catherine Mullen, of New York city ; she died in 
1869. In 1871 he married Miss Helen S. Cum- 
mings, of New Bedford. He has five children : 
Mary E., William Prescott, Henry M., Arthur P., 
and John Cunimintjs Hunt. 



Huntress, George L., was born in Lowell, Mass., 
April 4, 184S. He was prepared for college at 



^"^ 




n^p 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



.69 



Phillips (Andover) Academy, and entering Yale, 
graduated in the class of 1S70. He was a member 
of the Harvard Law School in 1871, then studied 
law in the office of Ives & Lincoln, in Boston, 
and was admitted to the Suffolk bar in 1872. He 
was a member of the firm of Ives, Lincoln, & 
Huntress until 1882, since which time he has prac- 
tised alone, his office now being in the Sears Build- 
ing. Mr. Huntress is a Republican in politics, and 
in 1 88 1 -2 he represented Ward 11 in the common 
council of the city of Boston. 

Hutchinson, Eben, son of Ebenezer and Lois A\'. 
(Williams) Hutchinson, was born in Athens, Me., 




EBEN HUTCHINSON. 

Aug. 2, 1 84 1. After a time spent in the public 
schools he studied at the Somerset, Bloomfield, and 
Waterville Academies, receiving a thorough college 
training. Then he entered the office of his father, 
at that time one of the ablest lawyers of the Somer- 
set bar, and in 1862 was admitted to practise in all 
the courts of Maine. He did not long busy himself, 
however, with briefs of clients, but entered the army 
as a private in the Twenty-fourth Maine Volunteers. 
His record as a soldier was most excellent. He 
rapidly rose in position from the grade of a private 
soldier to that of lieutenant-colonel. L^pon the 
mustering out of his regiment, he entered the 
Second Regiment Maine Cavalry Veteran \'olunteers 
as major. In this regiment he served in the De- 



partment of the Gulf until the close of the war. 
While leading his battalion in a desperate charge at 
Marianna, Fla., he received two gunshot wounds, — 
one in the ankle, the other in the fleshy part of the 
hip. The surgeons were unable to extract the ball 
from his hip, and he will carry it through life. At the 
close of the war he received unsought the position 
of chief commissioner of Alabama, with headquar- 
ters at the State House in the city of Montgom- 
ery, for the (jurpose of carrying out the provisions 
of President Lincoln's amnesty proclamation. He 
was not mustered out of service until nearly a year 
after the surrender of Lee. In 1866 Colonel 
Hutchinson came to Boston, settled in Chelsea, and 
was admitted to practise in all the courts of this 
Commonwealth. In 1874 he was appointed special 
justice of the Chelsea police court. In 1875 he 
was elected city solicitor, to which position he was 
regularly reelected for five successive years. He was 
a member of the lower house of the Legislature in 
1878, serving as chairman of the committee on bills 
in the third reading, and clerk of the committee on 
towns. In 1879 he was elected to the senate, and 
again served as chairman of the committee on bills 
in the third reading ; also chairman of the joint 
committee on towns, and as a member of the joint 
committee on taxation. In 1880 he was reelected 
to the senate, and was chairman of the committee on 
towns and federal relations, and of the senate com- 
mittee on probate and chancery. August 2, 1880, 
he was reappointed a special justice of the Chelsea 
police court, and on November 6 of the same 
year he was qualified as standing justice of the 
same court, to fill the vacancy caused by the decease 
of Hon. Hamlett Bates. Judge Hutchinson does 
an extensive law-practice, having offices both in 
Boston and in Chelsea. He is a large real-estate 
owner in the suburbs of Boston, and has a fine resi- 
dence in Chelsea, where there is collected one of the 
best private libraries in the State. He was first 
married in Skowhegan, Me., Nov. 11, 1863, to 
Rachel W., daughter of Edmund C. and Mary R. 
(Humphrey) Lane. Mrs. Hutchinson died Feb- 
ruary, 1880. On August 20, 1882, Judge Hutchin- 
son was married to Abbie A. Lane. His children 
are Maud Hutchinson and Eben Hutchinson, jr. 



INGALLS, William, M.D., who bears the name of 
his father, who practised medicine in Boston for 
the first half of this century, was born in Port- 
land street, Boston, Jan. 12, 18 13. He was pre- 
pared for college at Phillips (Andover) Academy, 
and entered Harvard in 1831, in the class of 1835. 



270 



BOSTON OF TO-DAV. 



Among his classmates were E. R. Hoar, Amos A. 
Lawrence, Henry Lyon, and other good fellows who 
afterwards became renowned. He left college in 
1832 and began the study of medicine under Dr. 
Charles Harrison Stedman, who was the surgeon of 
the United States Marine Hospital in Chelsea ; and 
in 1836 he received the degree of M.D. from 
Harv'ard Medical School. Having practised his 
profession in Boston until 1839, he was invited 
by friends to go to the Southwest. He settled in 
the parish of West ?'eliciana, La., among planta- 
tions, whither the following year he brought his 




WILLIAM INGALLS. 

wife. Here, for about eight years, he pursued his 
professional duties, at times of a most exacting and 
laborious character, and acquired many friends ; 
and he finally left there, returning to Boston, chiefly 
on account of the loss of his wife's health. Two 
years after his return (in 1849) he was appointed 
surgeon of the Marine Hospital in Chelsea, by 
President Taylor, and this position he held, jaer- 
forming its duties faithfully and creditably, until 
1853, when he was superseded by President Pierce. 
Then he practised in Winchester until 1862, when 
he was appointed surgeon to the Fifth Massachti- 
setts Infantry, and left October 22 for Newberne, 
N.C. In December he was detailed for duty in 
South Carolina, associated with Surgeon George A. 
Otis, of the Twenty-seventh Massachusetts Regiment. 
In October the following year he was appointed 



surgeon to the Fifty- ninth Regiment, Veteran Vol- 
unteers, and was in charge of the hos])ital at Read- 
ville, Mass., until June 18, 1864. Then he again 
went to the front with his regiment, and Surgeon 
Hogan, chief of the Third Division, Ninth Army 
Corps, placed him as surgeon-in-chief of the Third 
Brigade. On the 23d of June he was detailed as 
surgeon-in-chief of the .\rtillery Brigade, Ninth 
.■\rmy Corps, Colonel Tidball, and this service con- 
tinued until he was mustered out June 12, 1865. 
Dr. Ingalls then at once resumed practice in Bos- 
ton. In 1870, at the age of fifty-seven, he was 
a])pointed visiting surgeon to the City Flospital, 
a service for which he was peculiarly fitted by his 
exjierience in military surgery during the war. It 
retiuired a regular attendance of some hours in the 
hospital wards during the forenoon of every day for 
four months in each year, and this was diligently 
continued by Dr. Ingalls for fourteen years, when he 
resigned the position. It was during this period that 
the great fire of 1872 occurred, which was followed 
bv the extensive building operations in the burnt 
district. The medical work of the hos])ital, already 
large, was made increasingly laborious by the unusual 
number of accidental injuries, requiring capital 
oijerations and other surgical treatment. Flxtra 
calls by day and night were frequent at this time, 
and the night service was especially exacting, the 
surgeons on many occasions being summoned 
to the hospital on successive nights. Dr. Ingalls 
was also during these years the secretary of the 
association of physicians and surgeons of the hospi- 
tal, and performed the duties of that oflSce with 
characteristic precision and interest. In addition 
to the skill that he had attained by special experi- 
ence and training. Dr. Ingalls was distinguished by 
his patient devotion to his work, and especially for 
his gende consideration of the thousands of patients 
in the hospital who came under his hand. J'he 
hospital had been open but six years when he was 
appointed upon its staff, and the term of his senice 
was a most important one ; it was a period of de- 
velopment, enlargement, and of the establishment of 
right methods. He was always loyal to the tried 
principles and best interests of the institution. Dr. 
Ingalls is a member of the Massachusetts Medical 
Society, of the Boston Society for Medical Obsena- 
tion, and the Boston Obstetrical Society ; and he has 
been connected with the Boston Children's Hospital 
as surgeon and physician, and a member of the board 
of managers from its beginning twenty years ago. 

Innis, (Ieorce H., commander of the Massachu- 
setts department G.A.R., was born at Marblehead 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



on Jan. 5, 1845. His early education was received 
in Marblehead schools, and at the breaking out of 
the war, although very young, he was a member of 
Company B, Eighth Massachusetts Volunteers, of 
Marblehead. Then on Aug. 16, 1862, he enlisted 
in the Tenth Massachusetts Light Battery for three 
years. This battery went into camp at Lynnfield on 
August 23, and on October 14 left for the front. It 
was stationed at Washington, D.C., until December 
26, when it took up the line of march to Poolsville, Md. 
Here it remained until June 24, 1863, when it pro- 
ceeded to Maryland Heights, where it joined the 
Army of the Potomac, Third Army Corps, with 
which it was connected until Grant took command 
of the armies. In March, 1864, Commander 
Innis was appointed guidon of the battery, and 
held this position until he was mustered out, at 
Gallop's Island, Boston harbor, on Sept. 9, 1865. 
During his term of service he was engaged in the 
following battles : Auburn, Kelley's Ford, Mine 
Run, Wilderness, River Po, Spottsylvania, North 
Anna, Tolopotomoy Creek, Cold Harbor, siege of 
Petersburg, Deep Bottom, Reams' Station, Hatch's 
Run, first and second, Lee's retreat and surrender. 
He was one of the original members of Dahlgren 
Post 2, of South Boston, and has passed through 
the different chairs, including that of commander. 
He has also occupied the positions of junior and 
senior vice department-commander of the depart- 
ment of Massachusetts, and was elected senior 
vice commander-in-chief G.A.R. to fill the vacancy 
caused by the death of Richard F. Tobin. He has 
brought to the honorable office which he now holds, 
the resources of a well-matured mind and uncommon 
executive ability. He was for some time an officer 
under the sheriff at the Court House in Boston, 
and Dec. 15, 1890, was appointed on the board of 
fire commissioners in the place made vacant by the 
death of Mr. Tobin. 



TACK, Kuwix KvERKrr, M.D., was born in 
^ Boston Jan. 25, 1863. He was educated in 
the grammar and the Boston Latin schools, gradu- 
ating from the latter in 1880; and at Harvard, 
graduating A. B. in 1884 and M.D. in 1887. Then 
he spent two years in the Massachusetts Charitable 
Eye and Ear Infirmary, and has since been in 
private practice. He is a member of the Massachu- 
setts Medical Society and the New England (^ph- 
thalmological Society. He is physician to the eye 
department of the Boston Dispensary, and to the St. 
Elizabeth's Hospital. In i8gi he spent six months 
in Europe. Dr. Jack is unmarried. 



Jack, Frederick Lafave'ite, M.D., was born in 
Boston Jan. 3, 1861. He was educated in the Boston 
grammar and Latin schools, and studied medicine 
in the Harvard Medical School, graduating in 1883 
and receiving his degree of M.D. He was then 
appointed assistant in the aural department of the 
Massachusetts Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary. 
In the autumn of 1887 he went to Europe and 
studied under Politzer and Gruber in Vienna. Upon 
his return to Boston he resumed the practice of his 
profession. He is now assistant aural surgeon to 
the Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary, consulting 
aural surgeon to the Children's Friend Society, 
Instructor Boston Polyclinic, a member of the 
Massachusetts Medical Society, the Boston Society 
for Medical Observation, the .\merican Otological 
Society, and the Massachusetts Medical Benevolent 
Society. Among his literary contributions may be 
noted " A Case of Necrosis of the Temporal Bone ; 
Removal of the Labyrinth ; Recovery." " Adenoid 
Growths in the Naso-Pharynx ; Results of their 
Removal in Seventy Cases of Middle-Ear Diseases." 
" Injury of the Ear from a Piece of Wood." All of 
these have been read before the societies and pub- 
lishetl in medical journals. 

Jackson, Philip Andrew, son of Michael and 
Margaret (Shelly) Jackson, was born in Boston 
June 12, 1863. He was educated in the Andrew 
(irammar and the English High Schools, graduating 
from the latter in 1881. .After leaving school he 
spent about three months in a cotton-buyer's office, 
and then entered the city surveyor's office. Here 
he remained about six years. Then he was in the 
sewer department as draughtsman for about two 
years, and in the water department the same 
period. This he left to take charge of the street- 
cleaning division under the reorganized street de- 
partment during Mayor Matthews' administration 
in iSgi, when he was appointed deputy super- 
intendent of this division. Mr. Jackson is un- 
married. 

Jackson, William, was born in Brighton, Mass., 
March 13, 1848. Receiving his early education in 
the public schools, he entered the Institute of 
Technology in 1865, leaving it the first of May, 
1868, to accept a position at the Chestnut Hill 
Reservoir. He continued his labors there until 
1870. From this date until 1876 he was occupied 
with the water-works sur\'ey and the extension of 
the system in Brighton and West Roxbury, and with 
the private practice of engineering. In 1876 he 
was appointed assistant engineer on the main-drain- 



272 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



age work of Boston, and continued in this depart- 
ment until April, 1885. On the death of Henry M. 




Jacobs, J. Arthur, son of David H. Jacobs, was 
bom in Boston Oct. 15, 1848. He was educated 
in the Boston public schools, and graduated from 
the high school in 1866. He went into the woollen 
business in 1867, and remained for three years. He 
Ijegan to learn the trade of mason and builder in 
1870 with his father, and three years after went into 
partnershi]) with him. The Pierce Building at Cen- 
tral wharf, numerous store -buildings, and the fire 
ladiler-house on Harrison avenue are his latest 
works. Mr. Jacobs was one of the founders of the 



WILLIAM JACKSON. 

Wightman, Mr. Jacksun was elected city engineer, 
and has held this position ever since. He is a 
member of the American Society of Civil Engineers, 
the Boston Society of Civil Engineers, and the New 
England Water Works Association ; also of the 
Union Club of Boston and the luigineers' Club 
of New York. 

Jacobs, David H., was born in \\'est Scituate 
April 5, 1820. When seventeen years old he began 
to learn the mason's trade with Greenleaf, Gushing, 
& Adams. For many years he was employed by 
Nathan Prince, and worked a long time on Fort 
Independence and the Massachusetts General Hos- 
pital. Then, in 1873, the firm of David H. Jacobs 
& Son was formed. Among the many notable 
buildings erected by them are the Boston City Hall, 
the Institute of Technology, the Chauncy Hall 
School, the Quincy House, and School-street Block. 
They have also erected a number of monuments, 
including the memorial arch at Tilton, N.H., the 
Webster monument at Concord, N.H., and the 
soldiers' monuments at Cambridge, New Bedford, 
and New Haven, Conn. Mr. Jacobs died in May, 
1887, and his son, J. Arthur Jacobs, succeeded to 
the business, and has since conducted it under the 
old firm name and style. 




J. ARTHUR JACOBS. 

Master Builders' Association, and is now one of the 
most active members of the board of directors. 

Jefts, William Alonzo, son of Granville A. and 
Rebecca (Gould) Jefts, was born in Stoneham, 
Mass., Nov. 29, 1 86 1. He was educated in the 
schools of Melrose, and at the Naval Training School 
at Newport, R. I. He entered the navy, and 
visited all parts of the world. Leaving this service 
in 1 88 1, he returned to Stoneham. He started in 
business with a team on the road, selling house- 
furnishing goods. Then he opened a store in a 
small way. Subsequently, moving to Melrose, his 
business steadily expanded, and to-day he occupies 
the largest building in Middlesex county devoted to 
the house-furnishing business. He is recognized as 
one of the leading merchants iu his line in this 
section. Mr. Jefts is also a director in the Atlas 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



■1?, 



Real Estate and Building Company. He is un- 
married. 

Jknkins, Charles, assistant superintendent of 
]iublic buildings, son of Charles and Mary ( Han- 
son) Jenkins, was born in Scituate, Mass., Dec. 3, 
1826. He received his education in the public 
schools, and when yet a lad went to sea. Subse- 
quently he learned the carpenter's trade, apprenticed 
to Samuel Mason, of Charlestown. He remained 
with Mr. Mason until 1856. Then he entered the 
department of public buildings at the Boston City 
Hall, and was assigned to look after school-houses 
and keep them in good order. At that time the 
duties of the office were not so difficult as at the 
present. He was made assistant superintendent of 
public buildings by Mr. Tucker when the latter 
was appointed superintendent. Mr. Jenkins is a 
member of the Masons, the Odd Fellows, Franklin 
Lodge, and of the order of Red Men. His first 
wife, whom he married in 1845, was Elizabeth 
Lawrence ; his second, married in 1886, was Emma 
Halstick. 

Jenkins, Edward J., son of John and Sabina E. 
(I)onnellon) Jenkins, was born in London, Eng., 
Dec. 20, 1854. He was brought to Boston when 




but a few weeks old, and here he was educated 
and has since lived. He attended Boston public 



schools, and studied law at the Boston University 
Law School, from which he graduated in 1880. 
The following year, on November 30, he was ad- 
mitted to the Suffolk bar, and subsequenUy, on 
December 23, to the bar of the United States 
court. Before he entered the Law School he had 
become prominent in local politics. In 1876 he 
was secretary of the Democratic city committee, 
and the same year a member of the school com- 
mittee. That year also he was elected to the lower 
house of the Legislature of 1877, and, reelected, 
served also in 1878 and 1879, resigning his seat the 
latter year. From 1879 to 1885, when he declined 
longer to serve, he was commissioner of insolvency. 
In 1 88 1 he was the Democratic candidate for clerk 
of the Superior Civil Court. In 1885 he was a 
trustee of the Public Library. In 1886, 1887, and 
1889 he was a member of the Boston common 
council, during that period serving as its president. 
In 1887 he was a member of the State senate. 
When in the house of representatives he was the 
Democratic candidate for clerk of that body. In 
the Legislature he advocated many labor-measures, 
among them the bills abolishing the contract system 
of labor, regulating the liabilities of employers to 
make compensation for personal injuries suffered by 
employees in their service, making eight hours a 
working day for persons in the service of the State 
and the cities and towns, securing uniform meal- 
times for children, young people, and women em- 
ployed in factories, limiting the hours of labor for 
minors and women in manufacturing and me- 
chanical establishments, prohibiting the employment 
of 'children in cleaning dangerous machinery, and 
providing for the abolition of contract labor in the 
penal institutions. He secured the passage of the 
law relative to the practice of dentistry ; favored 
the order authorizing the employment of matrons at 
police stations ; introduced and voted for the orders 
authorizing the city of Boston to make the East 
Boston ferries free, to prevent fraud at primary 
meetings and at general elections, and to regulate 
the observance of the Lord's day, the purport 
of which was to secure such modifications as were 
necessary for the present social conditions of the 
community. He favored making Labor Day a holi- 
day. He advocated the creation of a board of 
public works for Boston consisting of nine members 
to be elected by the city council, and large appro- 
priations for the construction of the public parks of 
Boston. Mr. Jenkins is a member of the Catholic 
Order of Foresters, the Charitable Irish Society, the 
\'eteran Association of the Montgomery Light 
Guards, and the Central Club. 



274 



BOSTON OF 



lAV. 



Johnson, Eugene M., son of George L. and Sarah 
(Osgood) Johnson, both natives of Massachusetts, 
was born in Boston June 4, 1845. He was fitted 
for college in the pubhc schools of Lynn, and 
graduated from Harvard in 1869. Subsequently he 
studied at the Albany Law School, from which he grad- 
uated, and in March, 1871, was admitted to the bar. 
He began practice in Boston, and was associated with 
E. C. Bumpus until 1885. Then he continued alone. 
He is a member of the Boston Bar Association. In 
politics he is independent. Mr. Johnson married 
Miss Nora J. lirown, a native of this State. 

Johnson, Frank Mackie, ^LD., son of the late 
Frank Johnson, of Norwich, Conn., was born in 




Johnson, Frederick Willlam, M.D., was born in 
Bradford, Mass., Oct. 24, 1853. He fitted for col- 
lege at Dummer Academy, and entering Amherst, 
graduated in 1875. He then took a course 
in the Harvard Medical School, from which lie 
received the degree of M.D. in 1881. He served 
as house officer at the Boston Lying-in Hospital 
from May i to Sept. i, 1878, and as house 
officer in the Boston City Hospital for eighteen 
months preceding the first Monday of July, 1881. 
He is visiting surgeon to the gynecological depart- 
ment of the Carney Hospital and the St. Elizabeth 
Hospital ; and instructor in gynaecology in the 
Boston Polyclinic. He is a member of the Mas- 
sachusetts Medical Society, and of the Boston 
Society for Medical Observation. He is a con- 
tributor to Wood's " Handbook of the Medical 
Sciences," on the subject of " Inversion of the 
Uterus," and has reported cases in the various 
medical Journals of inversion of the uterus, proc- 
titis dependent on uterine and ovarian disease, 
laparotomy, Alexander Adams' operation, and 
extra-uterine pregnancy. 

Jonf.s, .\rthur K., son of L. S. and Sophia K. 
{ Could) Jones, natives of Massachusetts, was born 
in Greenfield, Mass., Aug. 7, 1846. His father was 



FRANK M. JOHNSON. 

Norwich April 22, 1856. His education was begun 
in Norwich and continued at Amherst College, from 
which he graduated in 1879. Subsequently he 
graduated from Harvard M.D. in 1882, and the 
following year took a post-graduate course at Har- 
vard. He is physician to out-patients at the West 
End Nursery, and is medical examiner for the North- 
western Mutual Life Insurance Company, the State 
Mutual Life .Assurance Company, and the Royal 
Arcanum. He is a member of the Massachusetts 
Medical Society, and of the Boston Society for 
Medical Improvement. He was married Sept. 3, 
1884, to Miss Olive, daughter of Henry Witter, of 
Worcester. 




ARTHUR E. JONES. 



merchant of Boston, and died April 
e was fitted for college in Dixvvell's 1„ 



12, 1SS8. 
\tin School, 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



275 



entering Harvard and graduated in 1867. In 
1868 he entered the Harvard Law School, having 
spent one year abroad, and graduated in 1869. 
Then he studied further in the office of Henry W. 
Paine, and was admitted to the bar in 1870. He 
has been engaged in general practice since ; his 
office now at No. 60 Devonshire street. In poli- 
tics he is independent. He was a member of the 
common council of Cambridge, where he resides, 
in 1SS2 and 188,5, snd is secretary of the Associ- 
ate<l Charities of that city. On Feb. 14, 1879, he 
was married to Miss l^lizabeth 1!. .Almy. 

Jones, Cl.wdius Marcellus, M.D., born in 
Worcester, Mass., Feb. 22, 1845, died in Bos- 
ton Feb. 6, 1892, was long a well-known physician 
of the old West End. He was fitted for college 
in the Worcester schools, graduated from Harvard, 
third in his class, in 1S66, received the degree of 
A.M. in 1869, and graduated from the Medical 
School, at the head of the class, in 1875. After 
serving a term as house officer in the Massachusetts 
General Hospital he went abroad, and, for two 
years, further studied his profession in the hospitals 
of Berlin, Vienna, Paris, and London. Returning 
to Boston in 1877, he opened an office on Green 
street, and began practice. Six years later he moved 
to Chambers street, and shortly before his death 
he established himself on Hancock street. From 
1878 until his death, he was a physician at the 
Boston Dispensary ; and he was also one of the 
visiting physicians to the Home of the Good Samari- 
tan and to St. Monica's Home for Colored Women, 
under the charge of the Sisters of St. Margaret. 
It was said of him that he was " the best friend 
the sick poor around the West End ever had." 
Dr. Jones was a member of the Massachusetts 
Medical Society, and of the Boston Society for 
Medical Observation. He was an occasional con- 
tributor to the medical journals. He was un- 



JoNES, D. Wayland, M.D., was born in Ashburn- 
ham, Mass., June 14, 1829. He was educated in 
Winchendon and the Westminster Academy, and 
began the study of medicine in Winchendon, under 
r)r. Ira Russell. He graduated M.D. from the 
University of the City of New York in 1852. 
Then he settled in Medfield, Mass. After spend- 
ing ten years in general practice, he went to 
Philadelphia and took a winter's course of study 
with Maurey. In that city he spent five years. 
In 1 87 1 and 1872 he was abroad studying in 
Berlin, Vienna, and Paris. Upon his return to this 



country he established himself in Newton, where he 
remained until 1878. During the last ten years of 
his residence in Newton, he has devoted special 
attention to an improved method of treatment for the 
cure of rectal diseases. This treatment proving suc- 
cessful, he moved to Boston to devote his entire 
time to this specialty. His patients are now from 
almost every State in the Union. Dr. Jones also 
conducts a private hospital for his own patients. He 
is a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, 
and of the .-Xmerican Medical Association. He was 
married June 2, 1887, the present being his third 
wife. 

JnNES, Frank, son of Thomas and Mary Jones, 
was born in Barrington, N.H., Sept. 15, 1S32. He 
was one of a family of seven children, six boys and 
one girl, and was brought up on his father's farm, 
one of the best in the township. His education 
was acquired in the local schools. When yet a lad 
of seventeen he left the farm and began his business 
career, joining his elder brother in Portsmouth, 
where the latter had a store on Market street for 
stoves, hardware, tin, and household-furnishing 
goods. He entered this business as salesman. In 
those days such goods were carted about the country 
from farm to farm, and customers were found at the 
farmers' doors. Young Jones became so successful 
in this trading that in four years he had accumulated 
enough money to buy a share in his brother's busi- 
ness. At the age of twenty-one he was one of the 
merchant-traders of Portsmouth. Soon after, he 
purchased the entire business, and, enlarging his 
trade, continued it until t86i, when he sold out to a 
younger brother, an employee, in the establishment. 
In 1858 Mr. Jones purchased an interest in the 
Swindels Brewery, the pioneer brewery established 
by John Swindels, an Englishman, in 1854, and 
shortly became sole owner of the establishment. 
Under his direction the business rapidly developed, 
and the brewery expanded from time to time until 
now it is the most extensive ale-brewery in America. 
In 1863 a large malt-house was added, in 187 1 a 
new brewery built, and in 1879 a second and still 
larger malt-house erected doubling the capacity of 
the plant. In 1875 Mr. Jones with others purchased 
the South Boston Brewery of Henry Souther & Co. 
It was operated as the " Bay State Brewery," by the 
firm of Jones, Cook, & Co., of which he is the head, 
until 1889, when it was sold to the Frank Jones 
Brewing Company, Limited. In 1868 Mr. Jones 
was chosen mayor of Portsmouth, and was reelected 
the following year. In this position he reduced the 
expenses of the city and gave its improvements his 



276 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



personal supervision, showing the same interest in the 
city's business as in his own. In 1875 he was 
elected to Congress as a Democrat, and in 1877 was 
retjlected for the second term over the Hon. (lilman 
Marston, one of the most popular and able Repub- 
licans in the State. In 1880, against his emphatic 
protest, he was made the Democratic canditate for 
governor of his State, and, although defeated, 
received a larger vote than had ever before been 
cast for a Democratic candidate. He has been presi- 
dent of the Dover & Portsmouth Railroad since its 
incorporation ; is a director of the Wolf borough Rail- 
road, of which he was one of the projectors ; was for 
many years a director in the Eastern Railroad ; has 
been a director of the Maine Central for twenty 
years ; and is now president of the great Boston & 
.Maine system. The I'pper Coos Railroad, over one 
hundred miles in length (including the Hereford), 
connecting north with the Quebec Central, making a 
through line from Boston to Quebec via the Boston 
& Maine and Maine Central Railroads through the 
White Mountain Notch, was built by him and asso- 
ciates in less than one year after the grant of legis- 
lative authority. He has projected and built more 
miles of railroad in his native State than any other 
person. He is the owner of the two great hotels, 
the " Rockingham " in Portsmouth and the " Went- 
worth " in Newcastle. The former is a structure of 
his own design, a monument to his taste and enter- 
prise, and its beauty and elegance are the pride of 
the city. The Wentworth was also planned by him, 
and equipped under his direction. The enterprise 
shown in his boyhood, leaving the farming town of 
his birth, entering the seaport city a stranger ; his 
indomitable will and courage, quickness of percep- 
tion and rare judgment, have not only made Mr. 
Jones master of the situation, but enabled him to 
succeed in a career admired by his acquaintances 
and of which he may well be proud. Noted for his 
liberality, he has never sought to cover up the adver- 
sities of childhood, and many a poor fellow has re- 
ceived from his hand material aid and kindly assist- 
ance. In his country place he has over one thou- 
sand acres of tillage-land under a high state of 
cultivation, stocked with the finest cattle and horses, 
and the help on this estate are given steady employ- 
ment the year round. " Maplewood Farm," as it is 
called, situated about one mile from Portsmouth on 
Maplewood avenue, is undoubtedly more productive 
in its yield than any in the State. The beautiful 
lawns, gardens, and floral display around his premises 
make it one of the most attractive spots in New 
England. The Rockingham Hotel is his winter 
home. The people of New Hampshire are more 



indebted to him than to any one individual for 
that departure in insurance business known as the 
"\'alued" Policy Law. With him it originated, and 
through his persistent efforts passed to enactment. 
When fifty-eight foreign companies doing business in 
the State left he was among the foremost to organize 
reliable companies, taking the place and business of 
the old ones that cancelled their policies when the 
law passed. The Granite State Fire Insurance 
Company, of which he is president, is doing business 
in nearly every State in the Union, and during 
1 89 1 was third in the list in the volume of New 
England business, competing with one hundred and 
forty agency companies occupying this field. Mr. 
Jones was married Sept. 15, 1861, to Martha Sophia 
Jones, the widow of his brother, Hiram Jones, who 
died in July, 1859, leaving one child, Emma I., now 
the wife of Colonel Charles A. Sinclair. Mrs. Jones 
is noted for her benevolence and hospitality. 

Jones, Leon.ard Augustus, son of .\ugustus .^pple- 
ton and Mary (Partridge) Jones, was born in Tem- 
pleton, Mass., Jan. 13, 1832. He was educated at 




the Lawrence Academy, Croton, Mass., and Harvard 
College, graduating from the latter in the class of 
1855. In his senior year at Harvard he was 
awarded the prize for the best Bowdoin dissertation. 
Directly afler leaving college he obtained the 
position uf teacher of the classics in the liigh 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



277 



school of St. Louis, Mo., where he remained until 
the summer of 1856. Then, after declining an 
appointment as tutor in Washington University, he 
returned to Massachusetts and entered the Harvard 
Law School. While here he won the prize open 
to resident graduates of the university, and a prize 
in the Law School for an essay. (Graduating in 
1858, he studied a few months in the Boston law 
office of C. \\'. Loring, and was admitted to the bar 
the latter part of that year. At first he practised 
his profession by himself at No. 5 Court street, 
occupying an office with Wilder Dwight ; afterwards 
for some time he was at No. 4 Court street, sharing 
the office with (ieorge Putnam. In 1866 he formed 
a partnership with his Harvard classmate, Edwin 
Hale Abbot, which a year or two later was joined 
by John Lathrop, now justice of the Supreme Court 
of the State, the firm name becoming Lathrop, 
Abbot, & Jones. After an existence of several 
years this firm was dissolved, and since 1876 Mr. 
Jones has practised alone. While pursuing his 
profession Mr. Jones has been largely occupied with 
legal authorship. He has published a half-dozen 
important volumes, has been a frequent contributor 
to the law jieriodicals, and since Jan. i, 1885, has 
been one of the editors of the " American Law 
Review." His legal publications in book form in- 
clude " Mortgages of Real Property," two volumes, 
" Mortgages of Personal Property," " Corporate 
Bonds and Mortgages," " Pledges, including Collat- 
eral Securities," " Liens, Common Law, Statutory, 
Equitable, and Maritime," two volumes, " Forms in 
Conveyancing," and " Index to Legal Periodical 
Literature." Earlier in his career he contributed 
frequently to the literary periodicals, among them 
the " Atlantic Monthly," the " North American 
Review," and " Old and New." In 1891 Mr. Jones 
was appointed by (Governor Russell commissioner 
for the promotion of uniformity of legislation in 
the L'nited States. On Dec. 14, 1867, he was 
married to Miss Josephine Lee, daughter of Colonel 
.A. Lee, of Templeton ; they have no children Hving. 

Jordan, Hexrv Orkgorv, son of Dr. Henry and 
Pamelia ( Daniell ) Jordan, was born in Boston July 
22, 1849. His education was begun in the Boston 
public schools, and completed in the Leicester Mili- 
tary Academy, from which he graduated in 1864. 
L'pon leaving school he became a clerk with Fuller, 
Dana, & Fitz in the metal business, remaining there 
until 187 1. The next year he entered the office of 
the late Col. Austin C. Wellington as clerk, and sub- 
sequently, upon the formation of the Austin C. \\el- 
lington Coal Company, he became one of the directors 



of the concern. In July, 1884, he entered into co- 
partnership with M. S. Crehore, under the firm name 
of H. G. Jordan & Co., with office at No. 82 Water 
street, and wharf first at No. 564 Albany street, and 
afterwards (the following year) that formerly oc- 
cupied by the Franklin Coal Company, No. 30 Dor- 
chester avenue. Here coal- pockets were erected, 
and the wharf was equipped with all the modern 
coal- handling machinery. In April, 1891, the wharf 
formerly occupied by the Austin C. Wellington Coal 
Company, in Cambridgeport, was added to the busi- 
ness. In 1886 C. D. Jordan was admitted to the 
firm, and in 1891 E. H. Baker became a 
member. During their first year in business the 
firm handled twelve thousand tons of coal. In 1891 
they handled one hundred and fifty thousand tons 
of every variety of coal, also doing a large wood 
business. Mr. Jordan has been prominent in mili- 
tary affairs. In 1864 he joined the Thirty-second 
Unattached Company Massachusetts ^'olunteer Mili- 
tia, and afterwards was a member of Company A, 
Fifth Regiment, Militia. In 1872 he was promoted 
to a first lieutenant, in 1875 "'^s appointed adjutant 
of the regiment, and in 1876 was elected major, 
which position he resigned in May, 1878. He is a 
member of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery 
Company, serving in 1 880-1 as first lieutenant. In 
politics he is independent. He is a member and 
past master of St. Andrews Lodge Free Masons 
of Boston, past commander De Molay Commandery 
Knights Templar, and grand marshal Orand Lodge 
of Massachusetts, 1 890-1-2. On Sept. t6, 1873, h^ 
was married to Miss Annie K. Adams, daughter of 
the late Isaac Adams, of Boston ; their children are 
Annie (Gregory and Ruth Adams Jordan. 



KEAN\', Ma'ithew, was born in Ireland in 1832 ; 
died in Boston Feb. 26, 1892. He came to 
this country when a lad of fifteen, and when yet 
a young man became a successful grocer at the North 
End, and prominent in local politics. Soon after his 
arrival in Boston he entered French's Commercial 
College, and after three winters spent here, went to 
work as a clerk in a grocery shop on old North street. 
Here he remained for about eight years, when, upon 
the death of the proprietor, he succeeded to the busi- 
ness. When North street was widened, about the 
year 1859, he erected the present four-story busi- 
ness house, No. 232 North street, opposite the site 
of the old store in which he began business. Here 
his trade considerably expanded, and he became 
interested in the fishing-business, and in supplies 
for fishing-vessels. In 1862 he was elected to the 



278 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



common council, and reelected in 1863, 1864, 1868, 
and 1869. He was an ardent war Democrat, and 
during his first three years in the council he served 
on the recruiting committee, and did much to 
facilitate the raising of troops and their equipment. 




0^^-^ 



MATTHEW KEANY. 

In 1888 he was a delegate to the Democratic 
national convention at St. Louis. In 1890 he was 
a ballot-law commissioner; and in 1892, shortly 
before his death, he was appointed by Governor 
Russell a member of the metropolitan sewerage 
commission. For over twenty-five years he was a 
member of the Democratic ward and city commit- 
tee, and during 1889-90 was chairman of that 
body. He was a director and trustee of the Home 
for Homeless Children. A widow and one son, 
the latter a medical student, survive him. 

Kellogg, Edward Brinlev, ?iI.D., was born in 
Sheboygan, Wis., Aug. 21, 1850. He was edu- 
cated in the Boston grammar and high schools, and 
graduated A.B. from the Nunda Academy, N.Y., 
in 1868. Then he went to Jacksonville, Fla., 
where he remained nine years as one of the edi- 
tors and proprietors of the "Jacksonville Union." 
Returning to Boston in 1878, he began the study 
of medicine. Subsequently, in 1882, he graduated 
from the Bowdoin Medical School. He is now 
assistant medical examiner of the John Hancock 
Mutual Life Insurance Company. He is a member 



of the Massachusetts Medical Society. Dr. Kel- 
logg was married Jan. 17, 1879, to Miss Minnie 
W., daughter of Isaac W. Bradbury, of Hollis, Me. 

Kellogg, Warren Franklin, son of Loyal P. and 
.•\ugusta A. (Warren) Kellogg, was born in Brook- 
lyn, N.Y., Nov. 24, i860. He was educated in 
Cambridge in private schools, the Cambridge High 
School, and Harvard College, graduating from the 
latter in the class of 1883. He began his business 
career at the lowest round, in the publishing-house 
of James R. Osgood & Co., and by rapid advance- 
ment in that and other Boston publishing-houses, he 
came to the position of business manager of the 
"Boston Post" in January, 1889. Subsequently, 
in March, 1890, he became treasurer of the coqiora- 
tion. These positions he held, with credit to him- 
self and profit to the paper, until December, 1890, 
when he resigned to reenter the book business. 
\Vhile in charge of the manufacturing department of 
Estes & Lauriat, previous to his connection with 
the " Post," Mr. Kellogg compiled for that house 
several books, one of which, " Recent French Art," 
bears his name, and another is an illustrated boys' 
book, adapted from Zrs Animaux Saui'di^vs, under 




WARREN F. KELLOGG. 

the title of " Hunting in the Jungle." Mr. Kellogg 
also wrote and published in " American Art," for 
September, 1888, an article on " Photo-mechanical 
Relief Plates," which was reprinted without the 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



279 



illustrations in the " Publishers' Weekly" and other 
trade papers. Early in 1892 he prepared several 
books of travel and adventure for boys and older 
people. Later in May, he became connected with 
the publication department of "Wide Awake," and 
the other periodicals issued by the D. Lothrop Com- 
pany. Mr. Kellogg is secretary of the Union Boat 
Club, and member also of the Union Club of this 
city, and the Harvard Club of New York. He is 
unmarried. 

Kendall, Henry H., architect, was born in 
Braintree, Mass., in 1855. The greater portion of 
his life has been passed in Newton, although for 
ten years or more he was in Washington, D.C., as 
chief draughtsman for the super\'ising architect of 
the treasury department. He was instructed in the 
public schools of Newton, and later entered the 
Institute of Technology, and after graduating there- 
from studied architecture in the office of William ('.. 
Preston. In 1887 he began practice for himself, 
and in July, 1890, formed a partnership with Edward 
F. Stevens, under the firm name of Kendall & 
Stevens. Their chief work has been the designing of 
municipal buildings in Newton, school buildings in 
Woburn, and several fine residences in Newton and 
the Roxbury district. Before entering into part- 
nershi[i with Mr. Stevens, Mr. Kendall built a num- 
ber of elegant private houses in Washington, several 
of which he designed after he left the capital. 



grand vice-commander and afterwards grand com- 
mander. In 1882 he was first elected representa- 
tive to the Supreme Council, and has been reelected 




GEORGE W 



at every .->c:i.-Mun sjUi^t. Hl v 
treasurer at the session of 1891 



Kendrick, George, W., jr., supreme treasurer of 
the American Legion of Honor, was born in Phila- 
delphia, Pa., July 31, 1 84 1. He graduated from 
the Boys' Central High School, and first began 
business in a broker's office, where he remained 
until he opened an office on his own account in 
1S65. He is now vice-president of the Third Na- 
tional Bank, Philadelphia, and director of the 
Fidelity Mutual Life Association. His connection 
with fraternal organizations began in 1862, when he 
joined the Masonic fraternity. He has passed 
through the elective offices of the Grand Command- 
ery Knights Templar of Pennsylvania, and is past 
grand master of the Grand Council of Royal Super- 
Excellent and Select Masters of Masons, illustrious 
commander-in-chief of the Philadelphia Consistory, 
and inspector-general thirty-three degrees. His 
jiortrait hangs in the grand commandery room of 
the Masonic Temple in Philadelphia. He was one 
of the charter members of the first council instituted 
in Philadelphia of the American Legion of Honor, 
and was elected commander ; and at the formation 
of the grand council of Pennsylvania he was elected 



Kkxxehv, Alonzo Lewis, M.D., son of the late 
Lewis Kennedy, of New Castle, Me., was born in that 
town ( )ct. 22, 1844. He was educated in the Lincoln 
.■\cademy of New Castle and the Boston University 
School of Medicine, from which he graduated in 
1875, being a member of the second class of gradu- 
ates from that institution. He has since practised 
in Boston. He is a member of the Massachusetts 
Homceopathic Medical Society and the American 
Institute of Homoeopathy. He has written various 
articles on homoeopathy for the press. 

Kennedy, George G., M.I)., was born in Rox- 
bury Oct. 16, 1841. He was educated in the pub- 
lic schools there, graduating from the Roxbury Latin 
School in i860; and in Harvard College, graduating 
with high honors in 1864. He then pursued the 
course of studies in the Har\-ard Medical School, re- 
ceiving his degree of M.D. Immediately after, in 
1867, he assumed control of the establishment of 
Kennedy's Medical Discovery, which was founded by 
his father, the late Dr. Donald Kennedy. In 1872 
he visited Europe for observation. He was always 



i8o 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



interested in the study of medicine and botany. Park Brewery in the Roxbury district, and began 
He is a member of the Herbarian Committee of the brewing in it in January, 1882. He is now a di- 
college. He is also a member of the National rector in the American Brewery ; a member of the 
Geographical Society of Washington, of the Masonic 
Order of Massachusetts, and of the Union and St. 
Botolph Clubs. After the death of his father he 
took full control of the management of Kennedy's 
Medical Discoveiy. He is one of the older resi- 
dents of Roxbury, having lived on Warren street all 
his life, and has always taken a deep interest in the 
welfare of the district. Dr. Kennedy was married 






Feb. 2S 
Boston. 



GEORGE G. KENNEDY. 



[S65, to Miss Harriet W'h 



Kknnv, Ja.mks William, son of Owen and Mary 
(Cannay) Kenny, was born in county Donegal, 
north of Ireland, Jan. 2, 1844. He was educated 
in the public or national schools of his native place. 
On March 22, 1863, he landed in Boston. His 
brother was already here and established in the gro- 
cery and liquor business at the North P^nd. James 
immediately went to work for him, and remained 
in his employ for four years. Then he entered 
the brewing business for Kinney & Litchfield, as a 
practical brewer. In July, 1870, he left that firm 
and established a wholesale and retail liciuor-business 
on Tremont street. In 1877 he engaged in the 
brewing business for himself, purchasing the Amory 
Brewery on Amorv street. In 1 881 he erected the 




Wholesale Liquor 1 )eaiei>' As^O( lation, and one of 
its vice-presidents ; and he was one of the promoters 
and organizers of the Massachusetts Liquor Dealers' 
Protective Association. He belongs to the Roxbury 
Club. Mr. Kenny was married April 23, 1876,10 
Miss Ellen Frances O'Rourk, of Roxbury ; they 
have one daughter, Mary Agnes Kenny. 

KiMiiAi.L, Charles W'., was born in Dedham, 
Mass., in 1841. When he was but two years old, 
his parents removed to Kennebunk, Me., where he 
was given a common-school education. .\t the age 
of fourteen years he entered a country store, where 
he was employed until 1857, when he removed to 
the present Dorchester district. Two years later he 
entered the service of the Dorchester Mutual Fire 
Insurance Company as a clerk. In August, 1862, 
he enlisted as a private in the Dorchester Company 
( H ) of the Thirty-ninth Massachusetts Volunteers. 
In the summer of 1863 he was detached from his 
regiment and assigned to duty at the "Old Capitol" 
Prison at Wa.shington, D.C., where he had charge of 
the prison rolls and ration account. At the close of 
the war, in 1865, he 'was honorably discharged from 
the ser\'ice and appointed chief clerk of the secret 
service division of the Treasury Department, which 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



281 



position he held until the summer of 1869, when 
he returned to Dorchester. In 187 1 he was ap- 
pointed assistant register of deeds for the county 01 
Suffolk. 



White, State auditor, son of AI- 
•1 (Stone) Kimball, was liorn in 



KiMDAIi., Jl. 

pheus and I In 
Kitchhurt;, Mass., Feb. 27, i.S-S. He attained his 
education in Fitchburg schools. His business life 
began in 1857, when he became a partner with 
his father and brother in the manufacture of agri- 
cultural implements. Retiring from this business 
in 1863, two years later he was elected tax collector 
of Fitchburg, which position he held until 1873. 
During this period he was also a member of the 
State police force, and for three years one of the 
State police commissioners. In 1873 he was ap- 
jiointed United States pension agent for the western 
distriit of Massachusetts, and continued in this 
positiuii until the first of July, 1877, when the office 
w;is ineri^'cd into that at Boston. Then he was 
a]ipoinlc(l ( ustodian in the United States Treas- 
ury Deparlmcnt al Washington, where he had < liarge 
of the rolls, dies, and plates of the bureau of 
engraving and printing. In 1879 he left this position, 
having been appointed postmaster of Fitchburg. 
This i)ia(e he held through two administrations, until 




March 12, 1S87. He was a member of th 
house of the Legislature for a number oi 



lower 
terms 



(1864,1865, 1872, 1888, 1889, 1890, and 1891), 
and was elected State auditor for 1892. General 
Kimball's military record has covered an unusu- 
ally long period. From 1846 to 1861 he was a 
member of the State militia, and at the breaking 
out of the Civil War captain of Company B, Ninth 
Regiment. This company volunteered and went 
into camp at Worcester on June 28, 1861. The 
Ninth Regiment being broken up. Companies A, 
B, and C formed the nucleus of the Fifteenth Regi- 
ment, of which General Kimball was appointed 
major on the ist of August. After service in the 
Camp of Observation stationed at Poolsville, Md., 
during a part of 1861-2, his regiment be- 
came a part of the Army of the Potomac, and on 
April 29, 1862, he was promoted to the rank of 
lieutenant-colonel. He commanded the Fifteenth 
in all of the batdes of the Peninsula Campaign, 
Second Bull Run, South Mountain, Antietam, and 
down to Fredericksburg. '1 luii he was ordered to 
Massachusetts to take comniaiul n( ihe Fifty-third 
Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers, ha\ing been 
commissioneil colonel of that regiment in November, 
1862. The Fifty-third was attached to the Depart- 
ment of the Gulf, and during ihe asNauU at Port 
Hudson, on June 14, 1S63, General Kimball was 
dangerously wounded in the left thigh. 'I'he term 
of enlistment of the Fifty-third expired Septem- 
ber 2, that year, and it returned to Massachusetts. 
On May 13, 1865, he was brevetted brigadier-gen- 
eral, for gallant and distinguished services in the 
field. While in command of his regiment during 
the Peninsula campaign he was appointed by 
Governor Andrew colonel of the Thirty-sixth Regi- 
ment, and a request was made for his return to 
Massachusetts to take the command : but the reipiest 
was denied by reason of a general order to the ef- 
fect that no officer should be permitted to leave the 
Army of the Potomac for purpose of promotion. 
Since the war General Kimball has retained his 
interest in military and militia matters. In 1865 he 
reorganized his old company and became its captain, 
and in August, 1876, he was commissioned colonel of 
the Tenth Regiment, Mihtia. On Sept. 28, 1878, 
he was honorably discharged, having had thirty- 
two years of almost continuous sei-vice, including 
the time he was in the Civil War. He is a member 
of the (;..\.R., in 1874 department commander 
of Massachusetts ; and of the Loyal Legion. Since 
1 86 1 he has been connected with the Masonic 
fraternity, and he has served as eminent com- 
mander of Jerusalem Commandery Knights lemp- 
lar, of Fitchburg. He is a mcml)er of the 
Fitchburg Board of Trade, and a trustee of the 



282 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Fitchburg Savings Bank. General Kimball was 
married July 15, 185 1, to Almira M. I.esure ; they 
have three children. 

Kimball, Leonard Moroxg, M.D., was born in 
Amherst, N.H., April 18, 1848. His early educa- 
tion was acquired in Nashua, N.H. After leaving 
school and until 1875 he was engaged in mercantile 
business in Boston. In 1876 he began the study 
of medicine in Nashua with Dr. Charles S. Collins, 
and the same year entered the Boston University 
School of Medicine. Continuing his medical studies 
in New York and in Cincinnati, O., he graduated 
from the Pulte Medical College in March, 1880. 
For two years thereafter Dr. Kimball was associated 
in practice with Dr. William M. Murphy, in Coving- 
ton, Ky., attending special courses of lectures at 
the college and the Cincinnati Hospital. In 18S2 
he removed to Boston, and has since practised 
here. He is a member of the Massachusetts 
Horaceopathic Medical Society and of the Boston 
Medical and CJynKcological Societies. He has 
been prominently identified with various fraternal 
beneficiary organizations as medical adviser and 
examiner. 

KiMKALL, Samuel A., M.D., son of John H. Kim- 
ball, of Bath, Me., was born in that city Aug. 28, 
1857. His general education was begun in the 
Bath High School, continued at Phillips (Andover) 
Academy, where he spent one year, and at Yale 
College, from which he graduated A.M. in 1879. 
Then he took a course in the Harvard Medical 
School, graduating M.D. in 1882, and studied a 
year in the Boston University School of Medicine, 
graduating therefrom M.D. in 1883. He began 
practice in Melrose, and three years later, in Sep- 
tember, 1886, he moved to Boston, where he has 
since been established. He is a member of the 
International and the Boston Hahnemannian Asso- 
ciations, and of the Massachusetts and Boston 
Homi.eo])athic Medical Societies. He has been a 
fre(iuent contributor to medical journals. 



Connor & Co., and was here engaged when the 
charter of the Order of Unity was secured largely 
through his eflbrts. Of this order he became 
sujueme secretary at the age of twenty-two. He 
has also been closely identified with other fraternal 
orders, including the Ancient Order of United Work- 
men, the Iron Hall, Tonti, Royal Conclave Knights 
and Ladies, High Court of Independent Order of 
Foresters, the Knights of Pythias, the Massachu- 
setts Fraternal Endowment Congress, and the New 
England Indemnity Association. He is a member 
of the executive committee of the National Frater- 
nal Congress. His method of keeping the books 
of the Order of L'nity has the distinction of having 
been adopteil 1)V numerous other orders as the 




CARLOS W. KIMPTON. 



siin]ik-st :ind most practical. He is .issm i.itcd with 
his father in the management of the Abenakis 
House, a summer resort at Abenakis Springs, l'.(^. 



KiMi'io.N, Carlos W., son of Rufus G. and Mary 
E. (Bodie) Kimpton, was born in Stanstead, Can 
ada, June 12, 1867. Coming to Boston when a lad, 
he attended the jiublic schools here, and subse- 
tjuently took a course in the Stanstead Wesleyan 
College, from which he graduated in 1884 with the 
highest honors. .At the age of seventeen he en- 
tered the em])loy of the Paine Furniture Company 
as book-keeper, where he remained three years. 
Then he took a position with the house of G. ']'. 



KiMi'ToN, Edwin Sf.weu., M.D., son of John and 
F^iza (Fowler) Kimpton, was born in Stanstead, 
Canada, April 8, 1857. He was educated in the 
local schools, Stanstead Wesleyan College, and the 
Harvard Medical School, from which he graduated 
in 1882. He established himself in the Chadestown 
district, where he has built up a large and impor- 
tant i^ractice. For the past seven years he has been 
examining ])hysician for the John Hancock Life 
Insurance Company. He is a member of the Har- 




(fh 



^2jLe^ 




BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



283 



ard Medical S 
-aternal orders. 



;hool Association, and of various 
Dr. Kimpton was married Sept. 




3, 1884, to Miss Sarah PL, daughter of Samuel 
Wilson, of Danville, Canada. 

Kingman, Hosea, son of Philip D. and Betsey 
(Washburn) Kingman, was born in Bridgewater, 
Mass., April ii, 1843. After his early training 
in the public schools, he attended Bridgewater 
Academy, then Appleton ."Xcademy, New Ipswich, 
N.H., and entered Dartmouth. When the Civil 
War broke out he left college and enlisted in Com- 
pany K, Third Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers. 
He was mustered into senice Seyit. 22, 1862, and 
accompanied his regiment to Newbern, N.C. In 
December, 1862, he was detailed on signal ser\ice, 
and went to Port Royal, S.C, thence to Folly 
Island, Charleston harbor. On June 22, 1863, he 
was mustered out of the sei-vice, and returning to 
college he made up his junior work during his 
senior year, and was graduated with his class in 
1864. He studied law with William Latham, with 
whom, after his admission to the bar, he went into 
partnership under the firm name of Latham & 
Kingman. When Mr. Latham retired (1871) Mr. 
Kingman retained the business, and is now in prac- 
tice alone. In January, 1SS7, he began his term 
as district attorney, which office he resigned upon 
being appointed to the metropolitan sewerage 



commission, of which board he is now chairman. 
He is a trustee of the Plymouth County Pilgrim His- 
torical Society, of the Bridgewater Savings Bank, 
and of Bridgewater Academy. He received the 
appointment of special justice of the First District 
Court of Plymouth county Nov. 12, 1878. He 
was elected commissioner of insolvency in 1884, 
and every year after until this was prohibited by 
his election as district attorney. He is a prom- 
inent member in the order of Free Masonry. Mr. 
Kingman was married in Carver on June 23, 1866, 
to Miss Carrie, daughter of Hezekiah and Deborah 
(Freeman) Cole. Of this union is one child, 
Agnes C. Kingman. 

Kixc.MAX, RuFus Anderson, M.D., was born in 
Boston June 29, 1859. He was educated in the 
jjublic schools, graduating from the grammar and 
English high schools in 1873 and 1876 respec- 
tively, and in the Harvard Medical School, from 
which he graduated M.D. in 1882. After serving 
two years in the City Hospital and the Boston 
Lying-in Hospital, he was abroad eight months 
studying his profession at Vienna and Prague. Re- 
turning in 1883, he has since been in private prac- 
tice in Boston. He is physician for diseases of 
women to the Boston Dispensary, and the St. Eliza- 
beth's Hospital, and to the Carney Hospital out- 
patients department. He is also visiting physi- 
cian to the Massachusetts Home for Intemperate 
Women. He is a member of the Massachusetts 
Medical Society. He has contributed various 
papers to medical journals. Dr. Kingman was 
married on April 17, 1890. 

Kinsman, Edgar (Jsgood, was born in Cam- 
bridge April 6, 1856. After passing through a 
regular course of instruction in the schools of that 
city, graduating at the high school in 1874, he 
entered the Boston Dental College in 1877. Finish- 
ing his studies there and receiving the degree of 
D.D.S., he was a student with Dr. R. R. Andrews, in 
Cambridge. After practising with him for four years, 
he opened an office independently. Dr. Kinsman is 
a member of the Massachusetts Dental Society (and 
its present secretary), of the New England Dental 
Society, and an honorary member of the New Hamp- 
shire State Dental Society. He was chairman of 
the executive committee and librarian of the New 
England Dental Society for three years, and was then 
chosen secretary, which office he now holds. 

Knight, Frederick Irving, A.M., M.D., was 
born in Newburyport May 18, 1841. He graduated 



284 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



from Yale in the class of 1862, and then began the 
study of medicine, which he continued until the 
spring of 1867, first at the United States Hospital, 
New Haven, then in the Harvard Medical School, 
where he received the degree of M.D. in 1866, and 
finally in New York city. For a year, from April, 
1864, he held the position of senior house-physician 
at the Boston City Hospital. In the spring of 1867 
he left New York to become associated in practice 
with Dr. Henry I. Bowditch, of Boston, with whom 
he was in partnership until 1879. Meanwhile he 
held appointments in the Boston Dispensary, in the 
Carney Hospital, and in the City Hospital. These 
he relinquished in the summer of 1872 to establish 
a special clinique in laryngoscopy at the Massa- 
chusetts General Hospital. In 187 1-2 Dr. Knight 
spent a year in Europe, studying in Vienna and 
Berlin. While in Paris in May, 1872, he received 
the appointment of instructor in auscultation, 
percussion, and laryngoscopy in Harvard Univer- 
sity. He has always devoted considerable time to 
the medical school there, and in 1882 was appointed 
assistant professor of laryngology, and in 1888 
clinical professor, — a position which he still holds. 
In 1880-3 he was associate editor of "Archives 
of Laryngology," published by G. P. Putnam's Sons, 
New York. Dr. Knight is a fellow of the American 
Academy of Arts and Sciences, was president of the 
American Laryngological Association in 1882, and 
was president of the .American Climatological .As- 
sociation in 1891, a national organization founded 
in 1883 for the study of climatology, hydrology, 
and diseases of the respiratory and circulatory organs. 
He is also a member of the Boston Society for Medical 
Obsenation, and is president of the Boston Society 
for Medical Improvement. He is physician to the 
department for diseases of the throat at the Massa- 
chusetts General Hospital, and has been a frequent 
contributor to medical journals of articles upon 
affections of the throat and chest, and upon clima- 
tology. 

Knight, Joseph King, was born in Newark, O., 
Sept. 14, 1849. His education was begun in the 
Newark schools ; after graduating from the high 
school in 1866 he went into a printing-office, and 
learned a trade which enabled him to work his way 
through college. In 1872 he graduated from Cor- 
nell University, in the first class that ever completed 
a four years' course. For several years after leav- 
ing college he continued his trade as a printer. 
Then he entered the office of Dr. H. Leseur, and 
subsequently associated himself with Dr. R. R. 
Andrews, of Cambridge, with whom he continues in 



practice at the present time. He graduated from 
the Boston Dental College in 1883, winning the 
junior prize and delivering the valedictory address. 
In June, 1888, he was elected professor of dental 
art and mechanism in that institution, which posi- 
tion he now holds. He has been president of the 
Boston Dental College Alumni Association, is now 
a member of the New England Dental Society, and 
for many years has been the librarian of the Massa- 
chusetts Dental Society. Dr. Knight moved to 
Hyde Park, Mass., soon after leaving Cornell, 
marrying the youngest daughter of Dr. Leseur ; 
he still resides in that suburb. He has always 
taken an active part in church and society affairs, 
and has held many important iiositions. 

Knowles, \Villia.m Fletcher, M.D., son of 
William F. Knowles, was born in Cambridge, Mass., 
Feb. 17, 1 86 1. He was educated in the Cambridge 
public schools, and entering the Har\ard Medical 
School, graduated therefrom in 1885. He then 
spent two years abroad, studying at Berlin and 
Vienna. Returning to Boston in 1888, he has since 
practised his profession in this city. He is now 
physician to Carney Hospital, in the department of 
laryngology. He is a member of the Massachusetts 
Medical Society, and of the Suffolk District Society. 



L.AFORMFI, Vincent, was born in Rheine, West- 
phalia, June 25, 1823, and when ten years old 
came with his parents to this country. They settled 
in Boston, and here the father, Anthony Laforme, 
was engaged in the manufacture of silverware until 
his death in 1846. Vincent was educated in the 
Boston public schools, and after his graduation he 
entered his father's business, in which he has since 
continued. When a young man he joined the Mas- 
sachusetts Volunteer Militia, and was an active mem- 
ber, with the rank of sergeant, until 1848. In 1858 
he became a member of the Ancient and Honorable 
Artillery Company, and is still connected with it. 
During his membership he has held various impor- 
tant offices in the organization, and since 1875 has 
been treasurer and paymaster. In politics he is a 
Democrat. In May, 1889, he was appointed by 
Mayor Hart one of the three commissioners of pub- 
lic institutions, which office he held until April i, 
1 89 1, when he resigned. Mr. Laforme was married 
in 1845 to Sarah Jane Field, of Boston; they have 
nine children. Mrs. Laforme is a descendant of 
John Seal)', a citizen of Boston in 1776, who left 
the town with General Howe upon its evacuation 
at the close of the Siege. He went to Halifax and 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



285 



settled there. Two of his sons were in the American the Harvard Law School with the degree of LL.B. 
army, and after the close of the Rexolution remanied After most thorough preparation for the legal pro- 
and settled in the States. fession he was admitted to the Suffolk bar in 1856, 



Langmaid, Samuel Wood, M.D., son of Samuel 
H. and Dorcas Langmaid, was born in Boston June 
26, 1837. He was educated in the Boston public 
schools ; the Latin School ; Harvard College, re- 
ceiving the degree of A.B. in 1859, and A.M. in 
1862; and the Harv-ard Medical School, M.D. in 
1864. He was formerly acting assistant surgeon 
in the United States army, at another time assistant 
surgeon in the Marine Hospital service, and later 
surgeon to the Carney Hospital ; and he is now 
physician to the throat department of the Massa- 
chusetts General Hospital. He is a member of the 
Massachusetts Medical Societv, of the Boston So- 




SAMUEL W LANGMAID 

ciety for Medical Observation, and of other local 
medical organizations, and he is president of the 
American Laryngological Association. 

Lathrop, Johx, son of Rev. John P. and Maria 
Margaretta Lathrop, was born in Boston Feb. 8, 
1835. He passed most of his early life in this city, 
being educated in the public schools, but his ad- 
vanced studies were pursued at Burlington College, 
New Jersey, from which institution he graduated in 
1853; in 1856 he received the degree of A.M. 
from his Alma Mater. In 1855 he graduated from 




JOHN LATHROP. 

beginning his practice in Boston, where he at once 
opened an office. He soon built up a large clientage 
in all branches of the law, but his tastes ran to admi- 
ralty cases, and in 1872 he was admitted to the bar of 
the United States Supreme Court, where he practised 
extensively. He served a year in the Civil War as 
first lieutenant and ca]>tain of the Thirty-fifth Mas- 
sachusetts \'oluntei.r Inflintry, and then resigned on 
account of illness contracted in the service. Judge 
l.athrop was reporter of decisions in the .Supreme 
Judicial Court of Massachusetts from 1874 until his 
appointment to the bench of the Superior Court by 
Governor Ames in 1888. In i8gi he was appointed 
by Governor Russell a justice of the Supreme Ju- 
dicial Court. He has also held the position of lec- 
turer in the Harvard Law School (in 187 1 and 
1873) ; <ind in the Boston Law School, in the years 
1873, 1880, 1881, 1882, and 1883. Judge Lathrop 
was married on June 24, 1875, to Miss Eliza Davis, 
a daughter of Richard and Mary Ann Davis Parker. 
His home is in Boston. 

Lawrence, Willlam Badger, son of Samuel 
Crocker and Carrie R. (Badger) Lawrence, was 
born in Charlestown Nov. 15, 1856. His early 
education was acquired in the Boston Latin School. 



286 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



He was a Franklin-medal scholar, and was colonel 
of the Boston School Regiment 1874-5. From 
Harvard College he graduated in the class of 1879, 
and from the Harvard Law School, class of 1882. 
He began the practice of law in the office of Nathan 
Morse, and is now at No. 40 Water street. His 
work outside of his profession has been largely po- 
litical and charitable. He was selectman and over- 
seer of the poor of the town of Medford, where he 
resides, from 1880 to 1890, and he has served on 
various local committees of the town. He was of 
the committee representing the town before the 
Legislature in the matter of the passage of the met- 
ropolitan sewerage act, of that to consider the ad- 
visability of a city charter, and of that (1885-9) 
to prevent the threatened division of the town. He 
is also trustee of the Congregational ministerial 
fund of the First Parish in Medford, and chairman 
of the parish committee of the fund. He was 
elected to the lower house of the Legislature of 
1 89 1 and again to that of 1892, representing the 
Eighth Middlesex District. He is a member of the 
Republican State committee. Mr. Lawrence is a 
prominent member of the Masonic order : a past 
master of Mt. Hermon Lodge, past high priest of 
Mystic Royal Arch Chapter, past thrice illustrious 
master of Medford Council Royal and Select Mas- 
ters, junior warden of Boston Commandery Knights 
Templar, junior warden of Lafayette Lodge of Per- 
fection, and most illustrious grand master of the 
Grand Council of Royal and Select Masters of Mas- 
sachusetts. He is a member of the Boston Bar 
Association, and one of the proprietors of the Social 
Law Library. On Oct. 2, 1883, he was married in 
Dorchester to Miss Alice May Sears, daughter of 
Henry and Emily Nickerson Sears; they have three 
children : Marjorie, .Samuel Crocker, 2d, and Ruth 
Lawrence. 

Leach, Elbridoe Clement, was born in the 
Jamaica Plain district Dec. 8, 1854. He was edu- 
cated in the grammar and high schools. He then 
passed one winter in Para, Brazil, preparatory to 
taking a course in dentistry, and upon his return 
home began his dental studies under his father. Dr. 
E. C. Leach, completing his course in 1874. Since 
that date he has successfully practised his profession 
in Boston. He has given especial attention to sur- 
gical dentistry. Dr. Leach is a member of the 
Massachusetts Dental Society. 

Leach, Ei.bridge Garv, was born in Shutesbury, 
Mass., March 2, 1814. He was educated in the 
common schools of his own town and the Franklin 



Academy of Shelburne Falls. He studied medi- 
cine in Lowell and Boston, and began the practice 
of dentistry in Ware Village, in the autumn of 
1837. Here he remained five months, and then 
was established in different villages up to 1841. In 
1839 he was ordained to preach in New Portland, 
Me., but, his health breaking down, he was obliged 
to return to his original profession. Then he moved 
to Boston, and has since practised in this city. Dr. 
Leach is an honorary member of the Massachusetts 
Dental Society, and was its president for a term of 
two years. He is also an honorary member of the 
Connecticut Valley Dental Society. He received 
the degree of D.D.S. from the Pennsylvania Dental 
College. For two years he lectured in the dental 
department of Hanard L^niversity. He was first 
married Nov. 20, 1838, to Paulina D., daughter of 
Nathan Hanson, of New Portland. His second 
marriage was on July 12, 1846, to Miss Clementine 
D., daughter of William Witham. Dr. Leach was 
jireceptor of his two sons, William S. and Elbridge 
C, also of Dr. Waitte, who has been a demonstrator 
a number of years in Harv-ard Dental College, Dr. 
Ezra Taft, of Boston, and many others. 

Leatherree, Wii.i.iA.M Hdi.r, son of James \V. 
and Harriet (Wiley) Leatherbee, was born in Bos- 
ton Oct. 12, 1826. He was educated in the Boyl- 
ston Grammar and the English High Schools. His 
first business connection was in 1848, with Jesse 
Terrill, coal and wood dealer. Ne.xt, in 1850, he 
went with Aaron Guild, who at that time was the 
oldest lumber-dealer in Boston. Aftenvards he 
succeeded Mr. Guild, and the firm was known as 
Clark & Leatherbee until 1875, when the present 
business was formed, under the firm name of W. H. 
Leatherbee & Son. Mr. Leatherbee is also one of 
the trustees of the Franklin Savings Bank, and 
treasurer of the Little Kanawha Lumber Company, 
of Parkersburg, W. Va., of which his son, (ieorge 
H., is general manager. He is a member of the 
Old School Boys' Association. Mr. Leatherbee 
was married Oct. 25, 1848, to Miss Mary Jane 
Millard; they have one daughter, Anne M. Olm- 
stead, and two sons, Charles W., of the Boston 
firm of W. H. Leatherbee & Son, and George H. 
Leatherbee, of the Parkersburg, W. Va., lumber 
company. 

Lee, William H., son of William and Susan 
(Clarke) Lee, was born in Boston March 4, 1841. 
His early education was attained in the old Adams 
School on Mason street, and in a Jamaica Plain 
iiulilic school. Before he had completed the regu- 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



287 



lar course he was obliged, by stress of circumstances, 
to leave school and learn a trade. After some time 
L iihimber. he found a 



spent 



ai>|irenti 




Mr. Lee is a member of the Masonic order, thirty- 
second degree ; of the Odd Fellows, of which he is 
a past grand ; of the Knights of Pythias, a past 
grand chancellor; the Red Men, a past grand 
sachem ; the Royal Arcanum ; the United Friends, 
a past imperial councillor ; and the Good Fellows. 
He is also one of the National Lancers, and a 
member of the Bostonian Society and the Athletic 
Club. He was connected with the old Mercantile 
Library Association when it was in its prime, join- 
ing in 1867. For two or three years he was on the 
board of directors, and for a longer period had 
charge of the department of amusements, in which 
were given some of the most famous amateur dra- 
matic performances of the time. 

Leighton, George E., was born in Pembroke, 
Me., Feb. 12, 1850. He learned his trade of 
builder in Maine, and coming to Boston worked 
at it here until 1875, when he formed a copartner- 
ship with Isaac F. Woodbury, under the firm name 
of Woodbury & Leighton. Their business prem- 
ises on Maiden street comprise a large workshop 
and spacious lumber-yard, equipped with every 
reciuisite for conducting mason and carpenter work 
of every description, and they give employment to 
from two huniired to fi\e hundred exijert workmen. 



place ns an office boy in the shop of Joseph L. Ross, 
school furniture manufacturer. From this humltle 
position he was soon promoted to a clerkship, and 
subsequently he became book-keeper, and then 
salesman. Here he remained until 1866, employ- 
ing his leisure time in study, when he was obliged 
by ill health to relinquish all work for a while. 
ITpon his return from an extended trip in the ^^'est 
with health restored, he was asked by James C. 
Tucker, then supcrimcndent of public buildings, 
temporarily to (ill a \acnncy in that department 
occasioned by the tleath of a clerk. This was the 
beginning of a long and successful career in the 
city's service. Mr. Lee continued as clerk in Mr. 
Tucker's office until 187 1; then he was appointed 
I hief clerk in the newly created department for the 
survey and inspection of buildings. He served in 
that capacity, organizing the office and building up 
a complete set of records, until 1875, when he was 
elected by the city council clerk of committees. 
This important position he held for ten years, being 
tuianimously re lected each year. When, in 1885, 
the board of police for the city of Boston was es- 
tablished by legislative act, he was appointed by 
the governor one of three members; and in 1889 
he was reaiipointed for the full term of five years. 




GEORGE E. 



-EIGHTON. 



Numerous proofs of their prominence and ability 
as builders are to be found in Boston and elsewhere. 



388 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



notably the New Public Library on Copley square, retical and practical, into their school 
the Eliot Church in Newton, St. Stephen's Church mained there three years, and then went 



in Lynn, the chapel for the St. Paul School in 
Concord, N.H. ; private residences on the Back 
Bay ; and a large number of mercantile buildings, 
banks, etc., among them the Lincoln Building on 
Lincoln street, the Auchmuty Building on King- 
ston street, occupied by Brown & Durrell, the Jordan 
Building on the corner of Kingston and Bedford 
streets, the Boylston Building on the corner of 
Washington and Boylston streets, the Hanard 
Medical School, the business house of John H. 
Pray & Sons on \\'ashington street, and the Farlow 
Building on State street. The firm are also the 
owners of the Milford Pink Cranite Co. of Milford, 
Mass., which received the di])lonia of the ^L1ssa- 
chusetts Charitable Mechanic Association for beauty 
and fineness of texture of their granite shown at 
the Seventeenth Exhibition, in 1890. Of this ma- 
terial the Public Library and the Fallot Church are 
built. Mr. Leighlon is an active member of the 
Master Builders' Association and of the Charitable 
■ Mechanic Association. He was married in 1872 to 
Harriet W. Leatherbee. 

].kii;hti)N, John W'., son of Jonathan and Sarah 
(Knight) Leighton, was born in Eliot, Me., Feb. 
26, 1S25. He was educated in the public schools 
of his native town. Coming to Boston in 1843, he 
learned the trade of a builder here, and he has been 
in the building business ever since, beginning on 
his own account in 1854. He has served in the 
common council five years (1861, 1862, 1863, 
1868, and 1869), four of the five a member of 
the building committee ; and in the lower bram h 
• of the Legislature two (1881-2). He was also on 
the commission for remodelling the State House, 
in 1880. He is now a director of the Central 
National Bank, a trustee of the Home Savings 
Bank and a member of the investment committee, 
and a director of the (Iranite Railway Company. 
On Feb. 19, 1854, he was married in Eliot, Me., 
to Miss Anaretta Tyler Frye ; ihey have one 
daughter, Fannie Leighton. 

Lklani), Ckorck .\iiA.Ms, M.!)., was boni in Bos- 
ton Sept. 7, 1850. He was educated in the gram- 
mar and Latin schools and Amherst College, 
graduating from the latter in 1874. He receiveil 
the degree of M.D. from the Harvard Medical 
School in 1878, and graduated from the City 
Hospital the same year. He was then sent by 
Amherst College to Japan, under the imperial 
government, to introduce physical culture, theo- 



to complete his professional education in 
Heidelberg. He returned to Boston in 1 
he has since practised his profession 



s. He re- 
to Europe 
Vienna and 
;882, where 
. He was 




appointetl aural surgeon to the Boston Dispensary 
in 1885, which position he has since resigned. He 
is now aural surgeon to the City Hospital, and 
assistant physician to the department for diseases 
of the throat and nose. Dr. Leland is a member 
of the Massachusetts Medical Society, the Boston 
Society for Medical Observation, and the American 
Society for the Advancement of Physical Culture. 
He is a medical director of the Young Men's 
Christian Association (lymnasium. 

Leonard, Geori;k H., third son of James .•\. 
and Lucy (Shaw) Leonard, natives respectively 
of Middleborough, Mass., and Providence, R.L, 
was born in Middleborough June 26, 1837. His 
father, who died in 1861, was a manufacturer of 
boots and shoes for Boston and Western markets. 
He was educated in the Middleborough Academy. 
His business career began in Boston, where he spent 
one year after his graduation from the academy. 
The following two years he was in Chicago engaged 
in mercantile pursuits, and returning to Boston in 
1858 he became connected with Messrs. Murdock 
& Beverly, importers of heavy goods for manu- 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



289 



facturers of leather. This firm was succeeded in 
1S61 by Murdock & Leonard; then in 1865 the 
firm name became George H. Leonard & Co. ; 
in 1871, Leonard, Beverly, & Co.; and in 1877, 
George H. Leonard & Co. again. The business of 




GEORGE H. LEONARD. 

the house is the largest of its kind in the country. 
Besides the store and office Nos. 201 to 207 Pur- 
chase street, the firm have several storehouses. 
Mr. Leonard is a member of the Chamber of Com- 
merce, the Boston ^Associated Board of Trade, 
and the Boston Oil Trade Association. He has 
been one of the board of directors of the Homceo- 
pathic Hospital since 1865, and was for a number 
of years chairman of its executive committee ; and 
he is connected with several charitable institutions, 
is a member of the Art Club, and belongs to 
Trinity Church. Mr. Leonard was married in 1864 
to Miss Ella M. Thomas, of Philadelphia ; they have 
had three children: John William Thomas (who 
died Sept. 13, 1887, during his sojihomore year at 
Har\'ard), George H., jr., and Edith (1. Leonard. 

I.KsF.uk, HokATici, was born in Rehoboth, Mass., 
June 20, [820; died in Hyde Park Dec. 23, 1891. 
At the time of his death he was one of the oldest 
practising dentists in Boston, having started his 
professional career long before the establishment 
of dental colleges or other facilities now enjoyed 
for obtaining a practical knowledge of dentistry. 



He was brought up on a farm, and his early edu- 
cation was received at the district school. As a 
young man he opened a country store, and in this 
way was enabled to accumulate some means. In 
1852 he came to Boston and entered the office of 
Dr. J. A. Leseur in Winter street, which at that 
time was entirely occupied by dwellings. He soon 
oi)ened an office of his own on Washington street, 
and subsequently moving to Hanover street, was 
associated with Dr. William A. Bevin in perfecting 
the manufacture of vulcanite plates for artificial 
teeth. Here he built up a lucrative practice, and 
instnicted many other dentists in the art. He re- 
mained in Hanover street until 1874, when he 
removed to Temple place, and finally to Boylston 
street, in the Hotel Pelham. Dr. Leseur established 
his home in Hyde Park before that town was in- 
corporated, and was one of its most prominent 
citizens, both in church and local affairs. He and 
his wife celebrated their golden wedding on the 
evening of Feb. 14, 1891, and at that time the re- 
markable fact was revealed that in the fifty years 
there had not been a single break in the fiimily 
circle. Three daughters and their husbands, and 
eleven grandchildren, were all present to take 
an active part in the rejoicings. Many valuable 
])resents were received, among them an elegant 
gold watch from the Sunday-school where Dr. 
Leseur had been a constant teacher for twenty- 
seven years. His grave is in a beautiful lot, which 
he had selected, in Forest Hills Cemetery. 

Lf.wis, Charles Himireth, son of William and 
Jane Bond (Wadleigh) Lewis, was born in Alton, 
Me.,' Aug. 5, 1838, to which place his fother had 
moved from Massachusetts to open up mills. His 
early education was acquired in the high school 
in Bangor, where he was prepared for college. He 
entered Norwich University, Vermont, from which 
he graduated in the class of 1855 at the age of 
seventeen, the youngest graduate of the university 
up to that time. Subsequently he received the 
degree of LL.D. from his alma mater. After 
graduation he fitted himself for the profession of 
surveyor and engineer, which he followed about 
five years in the State of Minnesota. Entering the 
army in August, 1861, on his twenty-third birthday, 
as captain, he was made brevet lieutenant-colonel in 
the regular army at the age of twenty-five. After 
the war he spent a year mining in Colorado. Then 
returning East he became a member of the New- 
York Stock Exchange, which position he held until 
1884, when he left Wall street with credit, hav- 
ing amassed a fortune. Since 1884 he has been 



2C,0 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



largely interested in developing seashore property. 
The building up of picturesque Sorrento, Me., is 
due almost exclusively to his efforts. In iS8o 
Colonel Lewis generously endowed Norwich Univer- 
sity to enable it the more successfully to provide a 
broad education of a practical kind, and consented 
to take upon himself the executive management of 
the institution. Thereupon, the name of the col- 
lege was changed by act of the board of trustees to 
Lewis, in his honor. A few years after, however, — 
in 1887, — the old name of Norwich University was 
restored, as many of the old graduates were attached 
to it, and wealthy men among them were reluctant 
to contribute to the institution under any name 
other than that which it bore when they graduated. 
Colonel Lewis continues as president of the cor- 
poration and of the faculty, and commandant of the 
military staff. Through his financial aid and under 
his direction, the college has been built up on a solid 
foundation, and is now one of the most flourishing 
of the smaller universities of the country. Colonel 
Lewis is a Mason, a member of the G.A.R., and of 
several other organizations. He was married Oct. 
20, 1863, to Miss Orianna Pendleton, of Water- 
town, Mass. ; they have had six children, of whom 
four are now living : Leonora E., Dexter W., Ken- 
neth H., and Edison Lewis. 

Lewis, Ehwi.n J., jr., architect, was born in 
Roxbury in 1859. Graduating from the Institute 
of Technology in the class of 1881, with the highest 
honors in the department of architecture, he entered 
the office of Peabody & Stearns, where he remained 
until 1887, when he began independent practice in 
this city. Mr. Lewis has made a special study of 
the suburban residence, and a large number of 
country houses in the neighborhood of Boston 
bear the imprint of his individuality. His work, 
however, has not been restricted to one i)articular 
branch of the profession ; he has designed a number 
of apartment houses and public buildings, among 
them the Hotel Glenraorriston, the Dorchester 
Music Hall, the building for the Dedham Historical 
Society, and the Unitarian church in W'oUaston. 
Mr. Lewis is a member of the Boston Society of 
.Architects. 

Lewis, G. Wii.ion, architect, a native of Chautau- 
qua county, N.Y., prepared himself for his profes- 
sion at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology 
in the class of 1873. He began his architectural 
career as a draughtsman in 1876, studying under 
eminent architects in this and other cities, and for 
fourteen years was alone in business. In 1890 he 



formed a partnership with Walter J. Paine, also edu- 
cated at the Institute of Technology, under the 
firm name of Lewis & Paine, with office at No. 6 
Beacon street. Mr. Lewis is the architect of a 
number of fine residences on Commonwealth 
avenue and in other sections of the Back Bay dis- 
trict, and of business blocks on Summer, Bedford, 
and other streets, while in the suburbs, notably in 
Brookline and Melrose, and in other parts of the 
State, are numerous examples of his artistic design. 
His domestic work, though not a specialty, is admired 
for its refined elegance combined with economy, 
comfort, and convenience. 

Lewis, Isaac Newion, son of Wiliiani and Judith 
M. (Whittemore) Lewis, was born in Walpole, 
Mass., Dec. 25, 1848. His early education was at- 
tained in the \Valpole High and Classical School, 
where he was subsequently a teacher, and he was 
fitted for college at the Eliot High School in 
Boston. Then he assisted in the preparation of 
boys for college. He entered Harvard as a member 
of the class of 1873, and upon graduation went 
abroad for further study. Returning, and after 




ISAAC N. LEWIS. 

teaching in the academy a year, he entered the 
Boston University Law School. He was admitted 
to the Suffolk bar Jan. 31, 1876, and graduated from 
the Law School the spring following, with an LL.B. 
He again went abroad, and upon his retmn he re- 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



291 



ceived the degree of A.M. from the Boston Uni- 
versity, being the first to be honored by that 
institution with this distinction. Upon his admit- 
tance to the bar he opened his law office at No. 82 
Devonshire street, and has since continued there. 
Besides the offices of trial justice, commissioner, 
justice of the peace, and notary public to which he 
has from time to time been appointed, he has been 
president of numerous corporations, both benevolent 
and mercantile, and a member of the school com- 
mittee. He has also engaged in magazine and other 
literary work. His latest publication, " Pleasant 
Hours in Sunny Lands," written upon his return 
from a tour around the world in 1SS8, is well 
known, and forms a part of tlie L;iii,L;ia|ihi(al readers 
used in some of the Middle ami Western States. 
Mr. Lewis was one of the original members of the 
Norfolk Bar Association. He has taken an active 
part in tariff reform, civil-service reform, and tem- 
perance legislation, placing principle above party 
and tried friends above political adventurers. 

I^KWis, Wkston, son of James S. and Abigail S. 
Lewis, was born in Hingham, Mass., .April 14, 1834. 
The Lewis family is one of the oldest and most re- 
spected in that quaint old town. He was reared 
and educated in his native place, receiving his in- 
struction in the public schools and the famous 
Hingham Academy, which has turned out so many 
capable men. Here he remained until 1850, when 
at the age of sixteen he came to Boston and began his 
business career as a clerk. He obtained an excel- 
lent insight into the dry-goods and small-ware busi- 
ness, so that ten years later, in i860, he started the 
house of Lewis, Brown, & Co., so long established 
on Summer street. It became a large importer of 
small-wares, holding a high commercial position in 
the community. The great fire of 1872 and the 
financial crisis which followed in 1873 did not im- 
pair its solidity, and the business was carried on 
until 1883, when, on account of ill-health, Mr. 
Lewis retired from mercantile life. Mr. Lewis has 
occupied many important and responsible public 
positions. In the trying office of chairman of the 
State board of arbitration and conciliation he was 
eminently successful in bringing about the settle- 
ment of differences between labor and capital. He 
held this position for three years, until 18S9, when 
he resigned to assume the duties of ])resident of the 
Manufacturers' National Bank, which office he now 
holds. In the years 1865, 1866, and 1867 he was 
a member of the common council, and in the last- 
named year president of that body. In 1867 he 
was made one of the trustees of the Boston Public 



Library, and continued in that capacity until 1880. 
In 1873, 1874, and 1875 he was one of the board 
of inspectors of State prisons, in 1875 being chair- 
man, and performed much valuable service in that 
body. Politically a stanch Republican, his busi- 
ness sagacity was so well known that he was ap- 
pointed by Mayor Gaston in 1872 as one of a 
commission of three to consider the question of the 
annexation of West Roxbury, Brookline, Brighton, 
and Charlestown. The formation of the Boston 
Merchants' Association was largely due to Mr. 
Lewis' efforts. He appreciated fully the value of 
such an organization to the business men of the city, 
in the way of closer intercourse and the discussion 
of im|)ortant commercial topics. He has always 
been an officer of the association, and from 1880 to 
1882 was its president. His latest call to public 
office was his election to the board of aldermen of 
1 89 1 from the Eighth District. He is a member of 
the Art, Athletic, and Unitarian Clubs, and the Bea- 
con Society ; and he is a Mason of the Chapter 
degree. On July 18, 1855, Mr. Lewis was married 
to Miss Martha J. Kendall, of this city ; they have 
two sons : \\'eston K., of the firm of Weston K. 
Lewis & Co., and F'rederick H. Lewis. 

Lewis, \Villiam Whitnev, architect, was born in 
Manchester, Eng., in 1850. He came to this 
country at an early age, and entered the Boys' High 
School in Philadelphia, and later took a course in 
the Institute of Technology here in Boston. Then, 
from 1868 to 1876, he was dr&ughtsman in the 
office of Cummings and Sears; and since 1876 he 
has been in practice for himself. Mr. Lewis has 
built some elaborate houses in Boston, Lowell, Long 
Branch, Philadelphia ; and in Manchester-bv-the- 
Sea, Brookline, Somer\ille, and other places in the 
suburbs. On the Back Bay are many instances of 
his work, among others the house of Dr. Bradbury, 
at the corner of Exeter and Marlborough streets. 
He is also the architect of the Sears Laboratory for 
the Harvard Medical School : the Veterinary Hos- 
pital, and the two later additions to the .-^dams 
House in Boston ; and a notable railroad station in 
Canton, Ohio. 

Lincoln, Albert L., jr., son of Albert L. and 
Ann Eliza (Stoddard) Lincoln, Ijoth natives of 
Massachusetts, was born in Boston April 29, 1850. 
His father was a prominent jeweller of Boston for 
many years. The family moved to Brookline in 
1856, where Albert L., jr., was prepared for college. 
He graduated from Han-ard College in 1872, and 
the Law School in 1874, taking one year's extra 



292 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



course. He was admitted to the bar in the autumn 
of 1875, and has been in practice ever since in 
Boston. For one year he was associated with R. 
M. Morse, jr. His practice is general, tending tow- 
ard conveyancing. He has been selectman in 
Brookline six years, and chainiian of the ward four 
years. He is secretary of his college class. In 
politics he is independent. Mr. Lincoln married 
Miss Edith Williams, daughter of the late Moses B. 
Williams. 

Lincoln, Solomon, son of Solomon and Mehitabel 
(Lincoln) Lincoln, was born in Hingham, Mass., 
Aug. 14, 183S. His early education was attained at 




the Derby Academy in Hingham, and later, under 
the charge of E. W. Gurney, subsequently ]jrofes- 
sor in Harvard College, at the Park Latin School, 
Boston. He graduated from Harvard College in 
the class of 1857, and from the Harvard Law 
School in 1864.. From March, 1858, to July, 1863, 
he was a tutor in the college. Mr. Lincoln began 
the practice of law in Salem. He was a member 
of the firm of Ives & Lincoln, with offices in Salem 
and Boston ; later Ives, Lincoln, & Huntress. The 
latter partnership ended in 1882, and Mr. Lin- 
coln has since ])ra( tised in Boston, having no 
partner. He is a member of the Massachusetts 
Historical Society, of the American .'\ntiquarian 
Society, and other organizations ; and is president 



of the board of overseers of Harvard College. 
On Feb. 15, 1865, Mr. Lincoln was married to 
Miss Ellen B. Hayden, daughter of ex-Lieutenant- 
Gov. Joel Hayden, of Williamsburg, Mass. : they 
have one daughter. Miss Bessie Lincoln. 

Lincoln, William, was born in Falmouth, Mass., 
March 8, 1808. He was educated at the Derby 
.\cademy in Hingham, and graduated fully fitted for 
college in 1821, when only thirteen years of age. 
He did not go to college, however, but coming to 
Boston, went into Deacon James Loring's ]irinting- 
office, where he learned to set up type and work the 
" Rammage " hand-press, used in those days. After 
ser\ing a year here he went West, to Caledonia, 
N.Y., and took a position in John Butterfield's store 
there. In 1826 he returned to Boston and went 
into Joshua Sears' store. In 1829, then twenty-one 
years of age, he entered the commission business 
on his own account, dealing in Nantucket and New 
Bedford oil, and building up an extensive and active 
trade. In 1837 he sold out to his brother, Henry 
Lincoln, and joining Major John Fairfield at Cen- 
tral wharf, established the New Orleans packet-line, 
which soon became the principal packet-line of 
Boston, and did a large business for years. When 
the gold fever broke out in California, in 1849, Mr. 
Lincoln left this firm and again joined his brother 
Henry in India street, establishing lines of packets 
to California and Australia. He built and sailed 
twenty ships and barks, retaining the managing 
interests in all of them. But finally, this business 
|)roving somewhat disastrous, he returned to the oil 
business. Now came the oil discoveries and petro- 
leum wells, and Mr. Lincoln was the second man to 
go into the manufacture of coal oil in this country, 
forming a i)artnership with William D. Philbrick, 
establishing an agency in Titusville, and building a 
refinery in East Boston. .-Xfter the dissolution of 
this firm, Mr. Lincoln built a large manufictory in 
East Cambridge. The business required the equip- 
ment of a line of schooners to ply between Phila- 
delphia and Boston for the transportation of the 
])etroleum. In 1872 the factory was destroyed by 
fire, and then Mr. Lincoln and his son, William E., 
entered the real-estate business, in which they have 
continued ever since, handling a large amount of 
Brookline property. Mr. Lincoln has been a resi- 
dent of Brookline for the past thirty-nine years, and 
for seventeen years was a member of the board of 
assessors of the town, during most of that time its 
chairman. He was the first man to suggest the 
widening of Beacon street, and he has been person- 
ally interested in many of the imi)rovements in 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



293 



Brookline and vicinity. His Boston office is at No. 
43 Devonshire street. Mr. Lincoln was married in 
Boston, in 1838; to Miss Mary M., daughter of 
1 )avid Francis, of the famous book-firm of Monroe 
iS: Francis, and has four sons : the eldest, David 
F., is professor in the college at Geneva ; the second, 
William !•;., is with Mr. Lincoln in the real-estate 
business; the third, Rev. James Otis, is an Episco- 
])al clergyman in Kansas ; and the fourth, Walter 
Lincoln, is in the insurance business in Boston. 



LlNSl 

nah (0 
born in 



■ I, C, son of Jonathan and Han- 
ott, natives of Jefferson, Me., was 
March 17, 1828. He was fitted 






for college at Lincoln and Yarmouth academies. 
Chaduating from Bowdoin College in 1854, in the 
same year he came to Chelsea, where he taught 
school and studied law until i86o, when he was 
examined by Henry W. Paine and admitted to the 
Suffolk bar. In 1876 he was admitted to the United 
States Supreme Court. He has been engaged in 
general practice ever since ; his present office is at 
No. 85 Devonshire street. In politics Mr. Linscott 
is 1 )emocratic. For a period, during his residence in 
Chelsea, he was in the city government. He has 
resided in Boston for twenty-five years. He has 
long been a member of the First Baptist Church, and 
for several years one of the deacons. He is presi- 
dent of the Phi Beta Kappa Fraternity of Bowdoin. 



Mr. Linscott was married July 29, 1855, to Miss 
Annie Barron, a native of Maine ; they have five 
children living : Roswell, a graduate of Bowdoin in 
1883; Frank K., graduate of Bowdoin in 1888, 
now in Boston University Law School ; Annie M., 
graduate of Wellesley in 1889 ; Grace; and Daniel 
C. Linscott. 

Litchfield, George A., son of- Richard and Xoa 
(Clapp) Litchfield, was born in Scituate, Mass., 
Aug. 21, 1838. His early education was attained 
in the public schools and the academy at Hanover. 
He entered Brown University, but did not fully 
complete his college course. He studied for the 
ministry and in 1861 was settled as pastor over 
the Baptist church in Winchendon, Mass. Here he 
remained about five years, when, on account of 
ill-health, he was obliged to relinquish this work. 
Subsequently he turned his attention to the insur- 
ance business, and successfully engaged in the con- 
duct of a large life-insurance agency for western 
Massachusetts. In 1874 he inirchase<l a half-inter- 
est in the tack and nail manuficturing concern of 
ISrigham, Whitman, & Co., in South Abington, the 
firm name being changed to Brigham, Litchfield, & 
Vining. Then, in the fall of 1879, he again interested 
himself in insurance matters, and was concerned in 




GEORGE A. 



the establishment of the Massachusetts Benefit As- 
sociation, the leading company in New England 



294 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



engaged in the mutual-assessment insurance busi- 
ness. He is still an active member of the board of 
managers. Mr. Litchfield was married in South 
Abington Nov. 21, 1861, to Miss Sarah M. (nirney ; 
they have three children : Cannie Zetta, Everett 
Starr, and Frederick F^llsworth. 

Ln-ii.K, Arthur, architect, was born in lioston 
Nov. 29, 1852. After finishing a course of study 
at the Institute of Technology, he passed a year in 
the office of Peabody & Stearns. He began the 
practice of architecture in 1878, and until 1890 
continued alone, but in the latter year formed a 
jiartnership with H. W. Brown, under the firm name 
of Little & Brown, the offices of the concern being 
in the Mason Building, No. 70 Kilby street. Mr. 
Little has furnished plans for a number of handsome 
structures, among them residences of George Howe 
at Manchester, two cottages at Swampscott for the 
Litde estate, several houses belonging to Rev. Dr. 
C. A. Bartol at Manchester, Mrs. Ole Bull's resi- 
dence in Cambridge, the residences of George R. 
Emmerton and Philip LitUe at Salem, of Major J. 
H. Sleeper at Marblehead Neck; and in Boston 
those of Mrs. Fitz, No. 75 Beacon street ; F. W. 
Palfrey, No. 53 Beacon street; Mrs. Kuhn, No. 36 
Commonwealth avenue ; and his own home on Ral- 
eigh street and the Bay State road. The latter 
building is most remarkable, being constructed of 
material taken from a number of old colonial houses, 
some parts being upwards of two hundred years 
old, the whole forming a most unique and artistic 
combination and a notable evidence of Mr. Little's 
architectural skill. He also designed the Wood- 
Dexter mansion in Chicago, Mr. Henry Story's 
residence in Washington, D.C., and the Randolph 
Morgan Atherton place at Ipswich. Mr. Little is 
unmarried. 

LrrrLE, John Mason, was born in Boston Jan. 
14, 1848. He was educated in the Boston public 
schools, and graduated from the English High School 
in 1867. He then spent one year at the Institute 
of Technology. In the spring of 1868 he went into 
his father's house, James L. Little & Co., dry -goods 
commission merchants and agents for the Pacific 
Mills at Lawrence, and remained in various capaci- 
ties until the death of Mr. J. Wiley Edmands, treas- 
urer of the mills, in 1877 ; then his father becoming 
treasurer, he went into that office and remained 
three years as his father's right-hand man in its 
affairs. In 1880 he took a vacation of six months, 
and then assumed the entire charge of his father's 
property as his attorney. His experience in the 



real-estate business has been gained in that position, 
and in the after-management of his property. When 
Mr. Little, sr., died in 1889, he left his son John by 
will the managing trustee of his entire estate, which 
is in trust. Mr. Little transacts a general real-estate 
business, in addition to managing the Little estate, 
and on account of his acknowledged ability has been 
several times called upon in court to testify as an 
expert in real-estate matters. He was married in 
1872 to Miss Helen, daughter of James H. Beal, 
president of the Second National Bank, and has 
seven children. He resides in Swampscott, where 
his father had one of the finest estates on the North 
Shore, and where he furnishes a large number of 
l)eople with summer residences. 

Locke, Fred Augustus, was born in Boston Aug. 
18, 1847. He was educated in the Boston public 
schools. On leaving school he was for a time in 
the employ of David Tucker, a printer in Portland, 
Me. During the Civil War he joined the Twenty- 
ninth Maine Infantry, and saw three years of ser- 
vice, being mustered out in June, 1866. Three 
years later he entered the Boston Dental College, 
and graduated in 1S71, receiving the degree of 
D.Ii.S. He has since been engaged in active prac- 
tice in this city, and for a time was demonstrator 
of operative dentistry in the Boston Dental College. 
He is a member of the alumni association of that 
institution, and is also a member of the Merrimac 
Valley Association. Dr. Locke was abroad from 
1872 to 1874, a portion of which time he practised 
in Se\ille, Spain. 

LocKwoou, Rhodes, .son of Rhodes G. and 
Maria (Davidson) Lockwood, was born in Boston, 
on Fort Hill, Sept. 26, 1839. His father was a 
native of Providence, R.I., and, coming to Boston 
about the year 1838, was long established in the 
wholesale grocery business on Commercial street. 
His mother was born in New Hampshire, and came 
with her parents from Derry, where her girlhood was 
jiassed, to Charlestown ; here she subsequently mar- 
ried Mr. Lockwood, whose family had made Charles- 
town their home soon after his birth. Her grand- 
father, Francis Davidson, was wounded at the battle 
of Bunker Hill — shot in the head and left for dead 
on the field. He was a member of a New Hamj)- 
shire regiment, and his " chum " Benjamin Pierce, 
years afterward Governor Pierce and the father of 
Franklin Pierce who became President Pierce, 
found him, carried him from the field, and saved 
his life. Rhodes Lockwood was educated in the 
public schools, a boarding-school, and in Chauncy 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



295 



Hall, graduating with the college class in 1857. 
But instead of going to college he engaged in the 
wholesale hardware business in Boston as a clerk. 
After a short time spent here he became a clerk in 
the large dry-goods house of Francis Skinner & Co., 
where he remained for seven years. Then, in 1868, 
he joined his eldest brother, Hamilton I). Lock- 
wood, as a partner in the rubber manufacturing 
business, in which the latter had been en,Lj;aged 
since 1861. The concern was known as the David- 
son Rubber Company, taking its name fnmi ( '. H. 
Davidson, an uncle of the brothers Lock wood, who 
was the founder of the business. In 1875 Hamilton 
D. died, and in 1876 Philip C, the younger brother, 
was admitted to partnership. The firm has since 
continued, composed of the two brothers. They 
now manufacture all kinds of druggists', surgeons', 
and fine rubber goods, and their products are recog- 
nized as standard in the United States and Europe. 
Mr. Lockwood is a director of the Bunker Hill 
National Bank, one of the auditing committee of 
the Warren Institution for Savings, and a director 
of the I ;< lutein Woven Hose Company. He is a 
meniliiT t>\ ihc Hunker Hill Monument Association, 
the Massai husctts Horticultural Society, the Bos- 
tonian Soc iclv, the Webster Society, the Charitable 
Mechanic .\ssuciation, and the Athletic Club. The 
okl Lockwood house in the Charlestown district, 
which was the home of Rhodes Lockwood, sr., and 
where the present Rhodes Lockwood passed his 
boyhood and lived until he removed to Boston, was 
built by Samuel Dexter in 1792, and purchased by 
Mr. Lockwood's grandfather in 1830. It is now 
the club-house of .'\braham Lincoln Post, (;..\.R. 

1.1 INI ;m I.I.I >w, .Ai.EX.'iNDER W.Aiiswi iRTH, JR., archi- 
tect, was born in Portland, Me., in 1854. Cradu- 
ating from Harvard, he studied architecture at 
the Institute of Technology ami also at the School 
of Fine Arts in Paris, where he passed three years 
in study. He worked four years as assistant in the 
office of the late H. H. Richardson in Brookline, 
and in 1887 established the firm of Longfellow, 
.\lden, & Harlow, with offices at No. 6 Beacon 
street, and in Pittsburgh, Pa. They are the archi- 
tects of the Cambridge City Hall, completed in 1 89 1 ; 
the Carey Athletic Building, connected with Hanard 
College ; the house of E. H. Abbott, in Cambridge ; 
and other buildings, chiefly in Massachusetts, and in 
.'Mleghany and Pittsburgh, Pa., where they have lately 
gained the Carnegie Library in competition. 

LoRiNG, C.^LEH W., was bom in Boston July 3 1 , 
1819. He is descended from Thomas Loring, of 



A.xminster, Eng., who came to Hingham in 1634 
and was made a freeman, whence his descendants 
afterwards removed to Boston. Mr. Loring's father, 
Hon. Charles Greely Loring, was one of Boston's 
most noted lawyers, and a contemporary of Choate 
and Webster. When he retired from practice he 
was one of the leaders of the Suffolk bar, and was 
celebrated, not less for his scrupulous honesty and 
ujirightness, than for his marked legal ability. One 
of his great rivals once remarked of him that " you 
couldn't do anything with the jury when Loring was 
on the other side, because he was so damned honest 
they believed everything he said." He was often 
urged to accept a nomination for Congress, and was 
twice offered the place of LInited States Senator 
when vacancies occurred and the nomination was 
to be made by the governor. He was throughout 
the war an active and leading Republican, and then 
for the first time served in any public position, be- 
coming a member of the State senate. Caleb W. 
Loring took his degree of A.B. in the class of 1839, 
Harvard College, and was graduated with the de- 
gree of L.B. from the Harvard Law School in 1842. 
He was admitted to the Suffolk bar, and afterwards 
to the bar of the Supreme Court at Washington, 
where he argued some important cases. It was as 
junior counsel of the firm of Loring & Dehon, of 
which Charles G. Loring was the distinguished head, 
that Caleb W. Loring got his first education in ac- 
tive practice in the courts. In his early life he had 
a large practice, and tried a great many important 
cases, especially in the branch of insurance. He 
was also associated with Choate, Curtis, Bartlett, 
and Dana, as junior counsel, at various times. 
During later years, however, Mr. Loring retired 
from active prai tire at the bar, owing to his large 
and increasing business as trustee and as attorney in 
the care ami niana-emcnt of estates, for which line 
of business he showed markr.l aluiilv ; although he 
has always kept a large ihamber practice as ad- 
viser, especially in the matters of wills and trusts. 
He is now one of the largest and most influential 
trustees and managers of property in the city, and 
with his son, Augustus P. Loring, who is associated 
with him, has the care and management of a great 
deal of important real-estate. Mr. Loring is one of 
the directors of the Fifty Associates, and has also 
been largely identified with the manufacturing in- 
dustries of New England. He occupies the posi- 
tion of director in several of her largest mills, and 
is the president of the Plymouth Cordage Com- 
pany. While taking no active part in politics, Mr. 
Loring has always been a Republican of the inde- 
pendent class. In 1847 he married Miss Elizabeth 



.96 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



S. Peabody, daughter of Augustus Peabody, of Sa- 
lem. His residence is at Beverly Farms. 

LoRiXG, Edward P., controller of accounts of 
county offices, was born in Maine in 1837. His 
early education was received in the public schools, 
after which he entered Bowdoin College, and gradu- 
ated in 1 86 1. .'\t the breaking out of the Civil 
War he went out with the Thirteenth Maine Regi- 
ment as first lieutenant, and at the end of two 
years was transferred to the Tenth United States 
Heavy Artillery as major. He continued in the ser- 
vice until 1867, two years after the close of the 
war. In the meantime he was promoted to the 
rank of lieutenant-colonel by brevet. After he was 
mustered out of the service he resumed his studies, 
taking a course in the Albany Law School, from 
which he graduated in 1868. He was admitted to 
the bar from the office of Stephen D. Lindsay, suc- 
cessor to Lames G. Blaine, of Maine. Subsequently 
he removed to Fitchburg, Mass., and in 1872 and 
1874 he represented that city in the lower house 
of the Legislature, serving on the committee on 
the judiciary. In 1883 and 1884 he represented the 
Fifth Worcester District in the senate ; during the 
term of Governor Butler he presided at the noted 
Tewksbury investigation, and in 1884 he was chair- 
man of the senate committee on the judiciary. In 
Fitchburg he has ser\-ed as special justice of the 
police court, and also in the common council, of 
which he was president in 1881. He continued to 
practice law in Fitchburg until June 23, 1887. 
Upon the creation of the office of controller of 
accounts of county offices, he was appointed to the 
position, and reappointed in 1890. Mr. Loring is a 
Mason, and a member of (;..\.R. Post 200. 

LdRiNc, (Ikori-.k F., architect, was born in Bos- 
ton March 26, 1851. He began his professional 
career in the office of the city civil engineer at City 
Hall, and had charge of this department from 1872 
to 1879. He studied architecture with George .\. 
Clough, and entered into practice in 1882, con- 
tinuing by himself until 1889, when he entered into 
partnership with Sanford Phipps, under the firm 
name of Loring & Phipps ; their offices are now in 
the State Street Exchange Building. As an archi- 
tect, Mr. Loring has made a special study of school- 
houses, secret society and library buildings. He 
has three school-buildings at Melrose, the new high 
school-houses at Athol and at Braintree, five in 
Somerville, besides the Masonic Hall, Odd Fellows 
Hall, and library building in the same city, the 
Universalist church in Canton, the library building 



in Middleton, Divinity Hall at Tufts College, and 
many fine residences in Boston and the suburbs. 
Mr. Loring is a prominent citizen of Somerville, one 
of the executive committee of the Central Club, a 
member of the Masonic order, Odd Fellows, United 
Order of American Workmen, and other secret 
societies. While not a politician or office-seeker, 
he is active in public affairs. Mr. Loring was 
married in 1878 to Miss Sarah F. Johnson, of Som- 
erville. 

LciiHRdP, .-XuiiLSius, the oldest active mason and 
master builder in Boston, was born in this city 
Feb. 13, 1823. He learned his trade in 1838, and 
was with the old firm of Stand ish & Woodbury for 
ten years, at the end of which time he went into 




AUGUSTUS LOTHROP. 

partnership with William Sayward, under the firm 
name of Sayward & Lothrop. Ihis firm was dis- 
solved in 1863, and he has since conducted the 
business alone. Mr. Lothrop helped lay the foun- 
dation of the Custom House in 1838, and has 
built a great number of large and substantial build- 
ings, among them the Equitable, Advertiser, and 
Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association 
Building, which is six hundred and fifly feet long 
and three hundred feet wide, the Brattle-square 
Church on Commonwealth avenue, the First Church, 
and the Hotel Tudor. He also rebuilt the ALasonic 
Temple for R. H. Stearns & Co. He has been a 




7tU'\f //f-OL.^-^ 



"rr^ J 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



297 



heavy contractor for all work in the building line, 
and many of the fine fire-proof structures erected 
after the great fire of 1872 in the wholesale dis- 
trict are monuments to his skill and thoroughness 
as a builder. He is still active as a master builder, 
being of a nature which prefers employment 
to leisure. He is one of the leading members 
of the Master Builders' Association, and has 
his office in its building, at No. 164 Devonshire 
street. 

LiiiiiRnp, Daniel, son of Daniel and Sophia 
(Home) Lothrop, was born in Rochester, N.H., 
Aug. II, 1831 ; died in Boston March 18, 1892. 
He was descended in a direct line from John Low- 
throppe, who in the thirty-seventh year of Henry 
VIII. (1545) was a gentleman of extensive landed 
estates, and from Mark Lothrop, his grandson, who 
settled in Salem in 1644, and whose line joined 
that of Priscilla Mullins and John .\lden of the 
" Mayflower." On the maternal side he was de- 
scended from William Home, of IlDrnr's Hill in 
Dover, N.H., who held his exim^cd |H,siii(in in the 
Indian wars, and whose estate has been in the 
family name from 1662 until the present generation. 
At the age of fourteen he was prepared for college, 
but wisely decided to wait a year, for which time 
he took charge of the drug-store of his brother, 
who had gone to Philadelphia to study medicine ; 
soon he became so interested in business pur- 
suits that the idea of going to college was aban- 
doned altogether. His love of books led him to 
introduce their sale as a part of the business. 
Then, when a lad of seventeen, he hired and 
stocked a store in New Market, N.H., and hav- 
ing well established this business he put another 
brother in charge of it, and opened a third store in 
MerediUi I'.ridm-, now Liconia, the three brothers 
being in parlncrshii). In 1850 Mr. Lothrop bought 
out the stock of bonks of LJijah Wadleigh in 
Dover, N.H., enlarged tlic business, and made it 
the most noted bookstnre of the time in that part 
of New England. It became a literary centre, 
a favorite meeting-place for the cultivated peoiile 
of the town. Meanwhile, he established branch 
drug and book stores in a number of places, books 
being the principal stock, and made an extended 
trip into the West, where he opened a store in St. 
Peter, Minn., and later a banking-house in the same 
town, and two other stores elsewhere in that section 
of the country. Of the banking-house his uncle, 
Dr. Jeremiah Home, was the cashier. These sev- 
eral enterprises well started, Mr. Lothrop settled 
down in Dover, and directed them all from his (|uiet 



bookstore there. Soon after the Civil War he took 
a new departure which he had been for some time 
contemplating. Closing out his various enterprises 
East and West, he concentrated his force upon the 
establishment of a publishing- house from which 
shotild issue good literature for the people, and 
especially the young. Removing to Boston, he 
successfully laid here the foundation of the great 
house of D. Lothrop & Co., the D. Lothrop Com- 
pany of the present day. His plan from the 
beginning was to stimulate young writers, and to 
this end he offered prizes for manuscripts, and paid 
liberally for those found available. New blood was 
thus infused into the veins of the old literary life, 
and with it came a great change in the character 
and style of juvenile publications. He was inde- 
fatigable in his efforts to foster ambition and to 
bring to the surface latent talent ; and men and 
women now well known in literature were many of 
them first brought before the reading public by him. 
He constantly endeavored also to foster in his 
authors a love for American literature, and to pub- 
Hsh books with a distinctive flavor of American life 
and purpose. In due time his fomous illustrated 
magazines for young folks — " Babyland, " ( )ur 
Little Men and Women," " The Pansy," and " \\'ide 
Awake" — were started, and the success- which 
they have met is remarkable. The hotise has 
not lost sight of standard publications, and these 
are still a feature of its business. Indeed, if the 
firm were not so extensive a publisher of juvenile 
works, it would be at once considered one of the 
first publishers of standard works. Mr. Lothrop 
was first married in Dover, N.H., July 25, i860, 
to Ellen J. Morrill ; of this union was one son, 
who died in infancy. On Oct. 4, 1881, he was 
again married, to Harriet Mulford, daughter of 
Sidney M. and Harriet M. Stone, of New Haven, 
Conn. ; they have had one child, Margaret Mulford 
Lothrop. Mr. Lothrop's summer home was " Way- 
side," Concord, Mass., the old home of Nathaniel 
Hawthorne. 

LdVKi.i,, Benja^hn S., son of John 1'. and I.ydia 
(Dyer) Lovell, was born in Weymouth, .Mass., July 
10, 1844. He was educated in the common 
schools of his native town. .\t an early stage of 
the Civil War, while only eighteen years of age, he 
prevailed upon his father, a stanch LTnion patriot, 
to permit him to shoulder a musket, and he enlisted 
in Company .'\, Forty-second Regiment Massachu- 
setts Volunteers. In 1870 he became a member of 
Reynolds Post 58, 0..\.R., and was elected its 
senior vice-commander for the years 1S71, 1872, 



298 



BOSTON OF TO-DAV. 



1873, 1874, and 1875 ; was elected commander 
in 1876, and has been chosen each year since, the 
present making his fourteenth term. He was junior 
vice department-commander in 1881, but declined 
the nomination for department commander in 1882. 
He was aide-de-camp to Gen. John C. Robinson, 
commander-in-chief of the national encampment 
G.A.R., 1877 and 1878; delegate to the national 
encampment, 1886; also a member of the council 
of administration in 1887; sensed on General 
Alger's staff in 1889, and at present (1892) is a 
member of the staff of General Palmer. He was a 
member of the staff of Governor John I). Long in 
1881 and 1882. He was a delegate to the national 
Republican conventions of 1880, 1884, and 1888, 
and is chairman of the Weymouth Republican town 
committee, first cho.sen to this position in 1881. 
He was a member of the lower house of the Legis- 
lature of 1877, 1878, serving on the committee on 
mercantile affairs ; was a member of the State sen- 
ate in 1883, serving on the committees on harbors 
and jjublic lands, military affairs, Hoosac Tunnel, 
and Troy & Greenfield Railroad ; and was returned 
to the Legislature for 1886 and 1887, reentering 
the field the former year, when the soldiers' ex- 
emption bill was being agitated, in favor of which 
measure he gave his voice and vote. In the ses- 
sions of 1886-7 he served on the railroad and re- 
districting committees. He is a prominent figure 
in business, politics, and G.A.R. affairs, and de- 
voted to the welfare of all who wore the blue. At 
present he is the treasurer of the firm of John P. 
Lovell Arms Company, Boston. He was married 
in Weymouth Nov. 13, 1867, to Miss M. Anna, 
daughter of Jonathan and Mercy Holmes : they 
have two children: Lydia Charlotte and Helen 
Isabel Lovell. 

LovKi.L, JoHX P., founder of the Lovell Arms 
Company, was born in East Braintree, Mass., July 
25, 1820. He was educated in the public schools 
of that town, and at the age of eleven went to 
work in a cotton factory. A year later his mother 
opened a boarding-house in Boston, and the lad 
had another year of schooling. After experience in 
various kinds of work, he settled down to the gun- 
smith trade, being apprenticed to A. B. Fairbanks, 
at a salary of two dollars a week for the first year 
and an allowance of twenty-five dollars for clothes, 
and an increase of fifty cents a week and ten dol- 
lars a year additional allowance for clothing for each 
succeeding year until his twenty-first birthday. He 
applied himself diligently, and Mr. Fairbanks was 
so gratified with his j)rogress that he admitted liini 



to partnership, with a one-half interest in the busi- 
ness, when he reached the age of twenty. This 
was the humble beginning of the great house now 
widely known as the John P. Lovell Arms Com- 
pany. In 1 84 1 Mr. Fairbanks died, and Leonard 
Grover entering the house, the firm became Grover 
& Lovell. Then in 1844 Mr. Lovell bought out his 
partner's interest, and continued the business alone, 
extending and broadening it as the years went on. 
When his sons had grown up and had become famil- 
iar with the business, the present company was 
formed, with himself as president ; Colonel Benja- 
min S. Lovell as treasurer; Thomas P. Lovell, di- 
rector ; H. L. Lovell, clerk of the corporation ; and 
W. I). Lovell. 

LovERiNG, Henry B., son of John (L and Mary 
A. (Martin) Lovering, was born in Portsmouth, 
N.H., April 8, 1841. When he was five years old 
his parents moved to Lynn, Mass., and there he 
was educated in the jHiblic schools. Then he 
learned the trade of shoemaking. At the outbreak 
of the Civil War he enlisted in the Eighth Massa- 
chusetts Regiment for nine months, and at the ex- 
piration of that sen-ice he reijnlisted in the Third 
Massachusetts Cavalry. He served with that com- 
mand until Sept. 19, 1864, when at the battle of 
Winchester his left leg was shot off. After several 
weeks in hospital he reached his home, on Thanks- 
giving night of that year. Soon after the war, be- 
coming actively engaged in labor matters, he joined 
the Knights of St. Crispin. In 1870 he was a 
member of the first board of arbitration that had 
ever convened for the setUement of labor difficul- 
ties. In 187 1 he was elected to the lower house of 
the Legislature as a distinctly labor representative. 
The next year he was renominated, but failed of 
election. In 1873 again renominated, he secured the 
seat ; and he was reelected in 1S74. In these years 
he served on the committee on labor. In 1878 
he was elected city assessor of Lynn, and served 
three years. Before his term had expired he was 
elected mayor of Lynn. In 1882 he was elected to 
Congress over E. S. Converse, the Republican can- 
didate, by a plurality of eight hundred and sixty- 
four; and was reelected in 1884, over Henry 
Cabot Lodge, the Republican candidate in that 
year, by a jslurality of about three hundred. 
In 1886 again contesting the district with Mr. 
Lodge, he was defeated. During his term in Con- 
gress Mr. Lovering served on several important 
labor committees. In 1887 he was the Democratic 
candidate for governor of the State, and was de- 
fciitcd. In 1 888 he was appointed by President 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



299 



Cleveland United States marshal for the district of 
Massachusetts. In 1891 he was made warden of 
the State Prison. Mr. Lovering is an active mem- 
ber of the G.A.R., a prominent Knight of Pythias, 
and sir knight president of Mutual Lodge of 
St. Crisjiin, No. go, Lynn. Mr. Lovering was 
married in L\nii, 1 )t_-( . :;5, 1865, to Miss Abby 
J. Clifford; they ha\c hail five children: Emma 
J., John H., Mary V., Harry C. (deceased), and 
.\iinie C. Lovering (deceased). 

LovEiT, Joseph, the veteran iron manufacturer, 
was born in Beverly, Mass., June 24, 1813. He came 
to Boston in 1827, and learned his trade with Daniel 
Safford, who had an iron foundry here which he had 
established in 18 13, the same year that Mr. Lovett 
was born. Mr. .Safford took a partner shortly after 
Mr. l.ovett's arrival, and the firm became Safford & 
Lowe. Albert \V. Smith was subsequently admitted, 
and the name was changed to D. Safford & Co. In 
1840 Mr. Lovett became a member of the firm. In 
1845 Mr. Safford died, and Mr. Lovett and Mr. 
Smith succeeded to the business, under the firm 
name of Smith & Lovett. In 1855 Mr. Smith re- 
tired, and his nephew, Ammi Smith, was admitted 
to partnership. Mr. Ammi Smith died in 1876, and 
Mr. Lovett has continued under the old firm name 
of Smith & Lovett to date. Two of his sons, 
Ceorge E. and Joseph W. Lovett, and his grandson, 
James R. Lovett, son of Joseph W., are now with 
him — three generations in one house. Mr. Lovett 
was never in any other business, devoting himself 
exclusively to the manufacture of all kinds of iron- 
work for buildings. He has furnished the iron for 
such buildings as the Quincy Market, the North 
Market and South Market street blocks, the Old 
State House, the original iron-work on the Common 
(fences, etc.), the Charlestown State Prison, the 
Taunton Prison, the tower and other work in Forest 
Hills Cemetery, the Women's Prison in Framing- 
ham, the Winthrop Square Building before the fire 
of 1872, and many after that fire within the burnt 
district. The manufacture of architectural iron- 
work has always been his great specialty, and as a 
matter of interest it is recalled that when he was 
working for Mr. Safford he made the first iron bed- 
stead ever made in this country. His eldest son, 
Joseph W., was born in Boston in 1837, and his 
youngest son, George E., was born here in 1846. 
The latter is well known to many as the captain of 
" The Tigers " for a number of years. Mr. Lovett's 
works were formerly on Devonshire street, between 
Milk and Water streets, but when the Post-office 
building was begun they were removed to No. 127 



.■\lbany street, where they have been for about twenty 
years. It is the oldest iron-concern in Boston. Mr. 
Lovett has been with the works since 1827, and has 
never been absent over one month at a time during 
the whole period of nearly si.\ty-five years, either 
from sickness or vacation ; he has always personally 
been present to attend to business. Daily at his 
post, in active management of his large interests, 
Mr. Lovett is a striking example of what nature ac- 
cords to a man in return for a strict observance of 
her laws and the living of a correct and industrious 
life. Mr. Lovett is an active member of the Mas- 
ter Builders' and the Massachusetts Charitable Me- 
chanic Associations. 

Lowell, Johx, was born in Boston Oct. 18, 
1824. He is a son of John Amory Lowell, a well- 
known merchant of Boston, connected as director 
and treasurer with many of the mills at Lowell ; and 
his mother was Susan Cabot Lowell, daughter of 
Francis C. Lowell, after whom the town of Lowell 
was named. He was prepared for college in the 
private school of Daniel O. Ingraham, a noted 




school in its day, and entering Harvard, graduated 
in the class of 1843. He then studied law in the 
Har\'ard Law School, graduating in 1845. After 
graduation he studied with Charles G., F. C, and 
C. W. Loring, and was admitted to the Suffolk bar 
in 1846. He was for a number of years associated 



300 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



with William Sohier of this city. He was made 
judge of the District Court of the United States in 
March, 1865, by President Lincoln, and was ap- 
pointed circuit judge in 1878 by President Hayes, 
resigning in May, 1884, — making over nineteen 
years' seiTice on the bench. He has since been in 
the practice of law, with offices at No. 3 Pemberton 
square. He is an independent Republican in 
politics. On the 19th of May, 1S53, Judge Lowell 
married Miss Lucy B., daunhtL-r ofCcorge P.. Emer- 
son, the former famous s( hool-master of Boston. 
His son, John Lowell, jr., is associated with him 
in practice. Judge Lowell's great-grandfather, 
John Lowell, was the first United States district 
judge of this district. He was appointed by 
Washington, and made by President Adams chief 
justice of the circuit court for the First Circuit, 
under the .Act of Congress of iSoi, which was 
repealed in 1802. 

Lund, Rouxky, son of Thomas and Anna M. 
(Currier) Lund, was born in Corinth, Vt., April ^S, 
1830. He was educated at the Bradford and 
Corinth Academies in his native State, and in 1847 
began reading law with Judge W. Spencer, of Corinth. 
From 1850 to 1852 he read with Robert McK. 
Ormsby, of Bradford, and in the latter year he was 
admitted to the Orange county bar. He came to 
Boston in September, 1866, and practised in part- 
nership with R. L Burbank until 1885. Then he 
was associated with C. H. Welch until 1890, 
when the firm was changed, W. E. Jewell becom- 
ing a member, to Lund, Jewell, & ^Velch. Mr. 
Lund has been in general practice, and is con- 
nected with a large patent practice. He is a 
member of the Boston Bar Association. He is 
Republican in politics, and Baptist in religion. 
He belongs to the Masonic fraternity. He was 
married Sept. 13, 1S54, to Myra M. Chubb, of 
Hardwick, Vt. 



house in New York city. 
Masonic order, of the 



He is a member of the 
Massachusetts Charitable 



MAINL.AND, John Yorston, was born in Scot- 
land in 1849. He was educated in the 
old and in this country to which he came when 
quite young. He left school at nineteen, and 
learned the trade of a builder in Pictou, N.S., in 
1866 and 1867, and in Boston in 1868 and 1869. 
He began business for himself here in 1873. Some 
of his most important contracts have been upon the 
Hotels Bristol and Victoria ; the Athletic Club 
Building in this city ; Felton Hall, Cambridge ; a 
fine mercantile block and the Merchants' Club 
House in Siuux City, la. ; and J. Pierpont Morgan's 




Mechanic Associati 
Society. 



of the Scots Ch;i 



Manchkstkr, Forrest C, son of .Albert I!, and 
I'^lizabeth ^L (Sessions) Manchester, was born in 
Randolph, Vt., Sept. 11, 1859. He was educated 
in the common schools, the Randolph State Nor- 
mal School, and the St. Johnsbury Academy. He 
pursued his legal studies in the Boston University 
Law School, from which he graduated in 1884, and 
in the office of ex-Cxovernor Gaston; and he was 
admitted to the bar on July 21, 1885. F'rom that 
time to the present he has steadily practised his 
profession in this city. When he came to Boston, 
in 1883, he was an entire stranger here. His first 
work to attract attention was his persistent fight in 
behalf of the farmers on the produce question, 
which he began soon after his admission to the bar. 
He was retained in all the Massachusetts cases grow- 
ing out of the Hartford-bridge disaster on the Central 
Vermont Railroad in February, 1887, through which 
he won considerable reputation. In 1891 he was 
counsel for the Boston Fruit and Produce Exchange, 
winning the celebrated " peach case," against the 
New York & New England, New York, New Haven, 
S: Hartford, the Pennsylvania, the New York Central, 
and the Lehigh Valley Railroad Companies, before 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



301 



the Interstate Commerce Commission. The decision 
saves Boston fifty thousand dollars in rates annually, 
and establishes precedents of national importance. 
Mr. Manchester has taken an active part in the 
councils of the Republican party, but has never 
been a candidate for political office, although re- 
peatedly urged to stand. He was married on Oct. 



1^ 



^ 



\ 




FORREST C. MANCHESTER. 

22, 1 885, to Miss Minnie L. Beard. He resides in 
Winchester. 

Manninc, John Patrick, was born in Boston June 
17, 1 85 I. He was educated in the public schools 
and a local commercial college. In 1868 he was 
ernjiloyed in the clerk's office of the Superior Court 
for criminal business in Suffolk county. In 1872 
he was appointed assistant clerk of this court, and 
in the same year was admitted to the bar. In 1874, 
nominated as a Democrat, he was elected clerk 
to fill an unexpired term caused by the death of 
Henry Homer, who had held the position. In 1876 
he was elected — again nominated as a Democrat — 
clerk for the full term of five years, and has been 
elected every five years since that time by both po- 
litical ])arties. He is a Catholic in religion, and a 
member of all the iirominent Catholic societies. 

Marcy, Henry O., M.D., son of Smith and Fanny 
((iibbs) Marcy, was born in Otis, Mass., June 23, 
1837. His ancestors were among the early settlers 



of New England. His grandfather, Thomas Marcy, 
was one of the first settlers in northern Ohio. His 
maternal great-grandfather, Israel, and grandfather, 
Elijah Gibbs, ser\'ed in the Revolutionary War. His 
father served in the War of 181 2. He was educated 
in W^ilbraham Academy and Amherst College. Sub- 
secpientlyhe studied in the Harvard Medical School, 
and was graduated in 1863. He served in the Civil 
War, first as assistant surgeon of the Forty-third 
MassarhuscUs \olunteers, commissioned in April, 
1863 ; aflcrwanls, commissioned in November that 
year, as surgeon of the first regiment of colored troops 
recruited in North Carolina ; and then as medical 
director of Florida (in 1864). At the close of the 
war he established himself in Cambridge. In the 
spring of 1869 he went to Europe for further study, 
and entering the university of Berlin, spent a year 
as a special student of Professors Virchow and Mar- 
tin. He then visited the various capitals of Europe 
and studied the hospitals and their service, spending 
nine h time in London and Edinburgh. Returning 
home, lie was among the first to adopt the methods, 
then unknown in this country, of aseptic and anti- 
septic surgery. For the purpose of devoting him- 
self more especially to the surgical diseases of 
women, he removed to Boston in 1880, opening at 
the same time in Cambridge a private hospital for 
w(jmen, which is still maintained. He was promi- 
nent in the Seventh International Medical Congress 
held in London in 1881, was a contributor to the 
Eighth held in Copenhagen in 1884, and president 
of the gynaecological section of the Ninth held in 
Washington in 1887. He is an active member of 
the American Medical Association, of which he was 
vice-president in 1879, and for some years a member 
of the judicial council ; and he was president of the 
American y\cademy of Medicine in 18S4. He is a 
member of other medical and scientific organizations 
in both Europe and America. He has contributed ex- 
tensively to surgical literature, and in 1886 published 
in two volumes the translation of the works of Pro- 
fessor Ercolani, of I'.oloLjna, Italy, upon the " Repro- 
ductive Processes." 'I'he honorary degree of LL.LJ. 
was conferred upon him in 1887 by Wesleyan Uni- 
versity. Dr. Marcy was married in the autumn of 
1863, to Sarah E. Wendell, of Great Falls, N.H. 

Martin, Augustus P., son of Pearl and Betsey 
Verrill (Rollins) Martin, was born in Abbot, Me., 
Nov. 23, 1835. He was educated in the Boston 
public schools, Wesleyan Academy, Wilbraham, and 
private schools in Melrose. He began business life 
as a clerk. When the war broke out he was occu- 
iiving that position with Fay & Stone, boots and 



302 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



shoes, this city. Lieutenant of the Boston Light 
Artillery from 1858 to i860, he was sergeant during 
the three months' campaign in 1861 ; then in Sep- 
tember he was commissioned first lieutenant. Third 
Massachusetts Battery, Massachusetts Volunteers, and 
in the following November, captain. He was chief 
of artillery, Morell's Division, in 1862 ; was assigned 
to duty by (General Meade as commander of the Ar- 
tillery Brigade, Fifth Corps, .\rmy of the Potomac, in 
May, 1863; and was commissioned brevet-colonel 
at the close of the war, for gallant and meritorious 
services. Then returning to Boston he reentered 
business and was made a partner in the firm of Fa\- 
& Stone. In 1868 he was admitted as a partner 
to the house of Francis Dane & Co., and retiring 
therefrom in 1871, he formed the shoe manufactur- 
ing firm of A. P. Martin & Co. Subsequently the 
firm name was changed to Martin & Skinner, then 
to Martin, Skinner, & Fay, and then again to A. P. 
Martin & Co. General Martin has held a num- 
ber of prominent positions. In 1878 he was com- 
mander of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery 
Company; in 1879-80 commander of the Massa- 
chusetts Commandery Military Order of the Loyal 
Legion ; in 1882 senior aid on the staff of Governor 
Long, with the rank of brigadier-general ; and in 
1884 mayor of Boston. He was chief marshal on 
the occasion of the dedication of the army and navy 
monument on the Common, Sept. 17, 1877, and 
again on the occasion of the celebration of the two 
hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the settlement of 
Boston, Sept. 17, 1880. He has been a director in 
a number of corporations, and is a member of the 
Algonquin, Athletic, and other clubs. On Feb. 3, 
1859, he was married in Boston to Miss .•\bbie F. 
Peirce ; they have one daughter and three sons : 
Flora E. (now Mrs. John Shepard, jr.), Franklin 
Pearl, Charles Augustus, and Fverett Fay Martin. 

Martin, \VILLlA^r H., the first supreme warden 
of the New England Order of Protection, was born 
in Clermont, Pa., July 9, 1848, and died in Cam- 
bridge, Mass., Oct. 12, 1888. His was the leading 
name in the charter of the order, and he has been 
called its father. The name of the last lodge that 
he instituted before his death, No. 51, of Taunton, 
has been changed from Winthrop to that of Will- 
iam H. Martin, in his honor. He was the son of a 
farmer of limited means, and passed his early years 
on the farm. Ambitious to become a lawyer, and 
his preparatory education having been deficient, he 
came to Massachusetts at the age of nineteen, and 
here pursued a vigorous course of studies while su])- 
porting himself by hard work. In April, 1873, he 



was admitted to the bar, and at once began practice, 
opening an office in Cambridge. He labored as- 




siduously in the interests of the Order of Protection, 
from its establishment to the lime of his death. 

Ma[thkws, Nathax, jr., mayor of Boston, is a 
descendant of old Cape Cod stock, and a native of 
the West Hnd of Boston, where he was born March 
28, 1854. His early education was obtained in 
jniblic and private schools in this city, and he 
entered Harvard in his eighteenth year, graduating 
with honors in 1875. From Cambridge he went 
to I>eipsic, and in the famous university there 
studied two years, devoting his attention chiefly to 
l)olitical economy and jurisprudence. Then, return- 
ing to Boston, he took the course of the Hanard 
Law School, and in 1880 was admitted to the Suf- 
folk bar. For two or three years he was associated 
in practice with Charles M. Barnes. In his prac- 
tice Mr. Matthews has given special attention to 
equity cases. He has charge of a number of large 
trust-funds, and as trustee or agent for numerous 
estates he is one of the large taxpayers in the city. 
He is thoroughly acquainted with Boston real- 
estate matters, and is one of the examining coun- 
sel of the Conveyancers Title Company. For 
several years he has been the law editor of the 
" American Architect and Building News." Mr. Mat- 
thews eariv took an interest in political matters. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY, 



303 



and was foremost of a group of young Democrats 
who have done much in recent years to broaden 
and strengthen the Democratic party in the 
city and State. He was one of the original mem- 
bers of the Young Men's Democratic Club of Mas- 
sachusetts ; in 1888 he was one of the delegates 
from Massachusetts to the national convention of 
Democratic clubs in Baltimore, and in the same 
year was one of the presidential electors on the 
Democratic ticket ; in 1888, also, he was first made 
a member of the Democratic State committee ; in 
1SS9 he was chairman of the Democratic State 
convention; in 1890 he was unanimously elected 
chairman of the executive committee of the State 
committee, and brought to that position executive 
ability of a high order ; in December, that year, he 
was elected mayor of Boston, and in the following 
municipal election was reelected by the largest 
majority ever given to any candidate for political 
office in the city. In 1892 he was a delegate to 
the national Democratic convention at Chicago. 
His administration as mayor of Boston has been 
marked by a broad and progressive policy. He 
has instituted many and important reforms, has 
followed closely and intelligently the work of every 
department of the government, the details of 
which he early mastered, and he has generally ad- 
ministered the affairs of the municipal corporation 
with an eye to the best interests of the city as a 
whole, not as a narrow partisan, but as a business man 
at the head of a great business concern. Mr. Mat- 
thews is a member of the New England Tariff Re- 
form League, of the American Statistical Society, 
and of the New England Historic Genealogical 
Society. He has given much study to social and 
economic questions, and has contrilnited a number 
of papers upon these topics to the periodical press, 
one of his latest being a contribution to the 
" (^\iarterly JouDial of Economics," on the fluctua- 
tions of the rate of interest. With all this serious 
work he has kept fresh his interest in athletic 
sports which began in college. When a student in 
the Harvard Law School he rowed in the Law 
School crew, and afterwards he made frequent 
boating-trips along New England rivers, with the 
late John Boyle O'Reilly as his companion. He 
has long been a member of the Union Boat Club, 
and of the Boston Athletic Association since its 
organization. Mr. Matthews was married in 1884 
to Miss Ellen B., daughter of Col. Manlius Sar- 
gent, who was killed in the Civil War ; they have 
two children : Ellen Natalie and Sullivan Amory 
Matthews, and their home is at No. 456 Beacon 
street. 



Maxwell, J. Audley, was born in Sunbury, Ga. 
His father, Joseph Edward Maxwell, graduated from 
Yale College and was a prominent cotton-planter 
of Georgia; and his grandfather graduated from 




J. AUDLEY MAXWELL. 

Princeton College. He himself graduated from 
Franklin College, the academic department of 
the LTniversity of Georgia, taking first honor in 
his class. He spent a year in travel, then studied 
law in the office of Joseph Lumpkin, chief justice 
of Georgia, but declining practice went to West 
Point Military Academy, where he graduated in 
the school of civil engineering, and entered that 
profession just prior to the Civil War. He served 
throughout the entire war, was commissioned by the 
Confederate government second lieutenant in the 
regular army, and at the end of the war was major, 
commanding Maxwell Battalion of Light Artillery ; 
he was with Johnson's army when the latter sur- 
rendered to Sherman. After the war he resumed 
civil engineering, becoming successively chief engi- 
neer of the Bainbridge & Thomasville Railroad, the 
South Georgia & Florida Railroad, and the Bruns- 
wick & Vicksburg Railroad. Later, as contractor, 
he built the Albany & Blakely Railroad. He came to 
Boston in 1873 and engaged in the practice of law, 
continuing to the present time in general practice. 
He has done much in directing Northern capital 
towards Southern enterprises. In politics he is, 
and always has been, Democratic. His wife, now 



304 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



deceased, was Miss Kathleen Cameron, of Ridge- 
wood, N.J. 

Maynadier, Ja:mes E., was born in I'.altimore, 
Md., Nov. 23, 1S39. He is the son of the late 
Gen. William Maynadier, at one time chief of ord- 
nance in Washington, D.C., who died in the United 
States service. He received his early instruction in 
the schools of his native State, completing his edu- 
cation in Washington, D.C. In 1856 he came to 
Boston and entered the law-oftice of Causten 
Browne, with whom he studied and practised after 
his admission to the bar in i860. In 1862, then a 
member of the Independent Corps of Cadets, he 
enlisted in the regiment that company raised, and 
served as private and non-commissioned officer in 
Company K, Forty-fifth Regiment Massachusetts 
Infantry, for one year. At the close of the war he 
resumed his practice in Boston, and for several 
years had as a partner George O. G. Coale. For 
the last two years E. S. Beach has been associated 
with him, with offices at No. 27 School street. His 
practice is confined almost exclusively to patent 
cases. Mr. Maynadier is a Democrat in politics, 
and is president of the Taunton Democratic Club. 
He is a member of the Episcopal church. 

M(.-Cai.i., Samuel W., son of Henry and Mary 
Ann (Elliott) McCall, was born in East Providence, 
Pa., Feb. 28, 1851. He was fitted for college in 
the New Hampton, N.H., Academy, and entering 
Dartmouth, was graduated in the class of 1874. He 
then came to Massachusetts and studied law with 
Staples & Goulding in Worcester, where he was 
subsequently admitted to the bar. He began prac- 
tice in Boston in January, 1876, and has since con- 
tinued here. Between May, 1888, and January, 1889, 
he served as editor of the " Boston Advertiser." 
Mr. McCall was a member of the lower house of 
the Legislature in 1888 and 1889, the latter year 
serving as chairman of the committee on the judi- 
ciary. He was again returned to the Legislature, 
serving in that of 1892 and taking a leading part 
on the Republican side of the house. He was a 
delegate to the national Republican convention 
at Chicago in. 1888. On May 23, 1881, Mr. 
McCall was married, in Lyndonville, Vt., to Miss 
Ella Esther, daughter of Sumner S. Thompson ; 
they have four children : Sumner Thompson, Rutin, 
Henry, and Catherine McCall. He resides in ^\'in- 
chester. 



l)orn in Prince Edward Island in 1854. His edu- 
cation began in the schools of Charlottetown, P.E.I., 
and was completed in the L^niversity of Vermont 
and the University of the City of New York. He 
began the practice of medicine in East Boston soon 
after graduation, and has since remained there. 
He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical So- 
ciety, and of the leading Scottish clubs of Boston. 
Dr. McCormack was married in 1885, to Miss 
Minnie McLaren; they have three children : Lillian, 
John, and Leslie McCormack. 

McDiiNAi.D, James Ath.«asius, M.l)., son of Ron- 
ald and Mary McDonald, was born in Chadotte- 
town, P.E.I., May 2, 1842. He was educated in 
the Prince of Wales and St. Dunstan Colleges, in 
thac Province, and, coming to Boston, entered the 
Harvard Medical School in 1862, graduating in 
1866. He began practice in Charlestown, where 
he has since remained, prominent in political as 
well as medical circles. He was a member of 
the lower house of the Legislature of 1866, of 
the Charlestown school board from 1869 to 1876 
inclusive, and of the Boston school board from 




Mt'CnuMACK, Alexander Leslie, M.D., sc 
Peter and Annie (McDonald) McCormack, 



1887 to 1891. He is now surgeon of the Ninth 
Regiment. He is a member of the Massachu- 
setts Medical Society and of the Gynaecological 
Society. Dr. McDonald was married May 30, 
1869, to Miss Annie Sprague; they have four chil- 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



305 



dren living : James A., William J., Annie S., and 
Louis R. McDonald. Three others have died. 

Macdonald, Wiu.iam Louis, M.D., was born in 
Cambridge, N.B., July 29, 1834. His early educa- 
tion was acquired in the schools of his native town. 
Then he came to Boston and took the course of the 
Harvard Medical School, from which he graduated 
in 1865. There being no dental college in Boston 
at that time, he began at once to practise dentistry, 
and he has since steadily pursued his profession 
here. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medi- 
cal Society, the New E^ngland Dental Society, the 
Massa( liusctts Dental Society, and of the Harvard 
Almuni Assoi iatiiin. Dr. Macdonald was married 
Oct. 2, i.Sy.s, til Miss Emily, daughter of Asa Wil- 
l)ur, of Boston. 

McDi>uc;ai,i,, Samuel J., was born in Albany, 
N.Y., June 29, 1S30. He received his early train- 
ing in the public schools, and graduated from the 
State Normal School in that city. After teaching 
awhile in various towns of Oneida county, he studied 
medicine with Dr. James H. Armsby, of Albany, 
finally graduating from the medical college in that 
city in 1857, with the degree of M.D. Then he 
came to Boston and studied dentistry, ultimately 
practising his profession here. It was through his 
especial efforts that the Massachusetts Dental 
Society was organized, in May, 1864, with the late 
Dr. Keep in the chair, and Dr. McDougall as treas- 
urer. He also took an active part in obtaining the 
charter for the Boston Dental College. He was 
appointed professor of dental therapeutics in that 
institution. He is a member of the New England 
Dental Society, and of the Massachusetts Medical 
Society. 

McCiAXN, Thomas F., was born in Ireland in 
1843, 'i"cl coming early to this country attained his 
education in the country schools of Duchess and 
Madison counties. New York. During the years 
1858-61 he learned his trade as a machinist, and 
the eight years following worked as a tool-maker for 
Henry N. Harbor & Co. Then, in 1869, he began 
the business of manufacturing general brass goods, 
in which he has been engaged ever since, developing 
it to extensive proportions. His work appears in 
buildings in all parts of the country ; here in Boston 
he has furnished the brass-work for such buildings 
as the Ames and the State-street Exchange. 



received in the schools of Baltimore, which he at- 
tended until twelve years of age, when he entered 
a printing-office, and served for a time as an ap- 
prentice. He subsequently attended St. Mary's 




M'Glk 
Md., Nc 



Henrv a., was born in Baltimore, 
', 1826. His early education was 



HENRY A. MGLENEN. 

College, Baltimore, and there worked in a printing- 
office established by the faculty. In 1845 he 
started for Boston by way of Philadelphia and Nor- 
folk, and arrived here with scanty baggage and a 
cash capital of six cents. He immediately sought 
work at his trade, and was successful. He worked 
as a compositor on the "Bee," the "Times," and 
the "Journal," and later on obtained a regular 
position on the " Advertiser." In 1846, while work- 
ing on the " .Advertiser," he resigned his position to 
enlist as a private in the army which was starting 
for the conquest of Mexico. He joined the com- 
pany which was commanded by Captain Edward 
Webster, son of Daniel Webster, and served in the 
army until 1848, when he returned to Boston, and 
again entered the newspaper business. In 1850 
he reported for the " Boston Herald," and subse- 
quently went to the " Daily Mail." A year or two 
later he was given charge of the "Times" job- 
office, where he formed the acquaintance of a num- 
ber of railroad men and theatrical people. While 
foreman of the office he took charge of Dan Rice's 
circus in Boston, and several other enterprises, in 
all of which he was very successful.' For two years 
he managed the business of the Marsh children at 



3o6 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



the Howard Athenaeum, after which he was con- 
nected with several companies. When W'yzeman 
Marshall had leases of the Howard and the Boston 
Theatre, Mr. M'Glenen looked after his interests, 
and for the two years during which Harry C. Jarrett 
managed the Boston Theatre he gave much of his 
time and services in behalf of that manager. In 
1866 he relinquished printing entirely, and took 
charge of the concert tour of Parepa Rosa, the great 
cantatrice. The following year he took the Men- 
delssohn Quintette Club on an extended tour West, 
and in the spring of 1868 the Hanlons secured his 
services as manager for their season at Selwyn's 
Theatre, and he was retained in the same capacity 
the three following years by John Selwyn and 
.Arthur Cheney. In 1871 he became business 
agent of the Boston 'i'heatre, in which position he 
still remains. He is not only held in the highest 
esteem by the proprietor and the local patrons of 
the theatre, but is one of the best-known theatrical 
men in the countrj', possessing the confidence and 
respect of all with whom he is brought into business 
relations. He is also identified with many matters of 
public concern, and is always prompt to assist in any 
movement in which the public-spirited are called 
to lend a hand. He is president of the Massa- 
chusetts Volunteers in Mexico, vice-president of 
the National Association of Mexico Veterans, and 
a member of the Press and Athletic Clubs. Mr. 
M'Glenen was married in Boston Nov. 29, 1849, 
to Caroline M., daughter of Cyrus and Matilda 
(Cushing) Bruce ; they have two children : Kdward 
W. and Harry J. M'Glenen. 

McIntire, Charles J., son of Ebenezer and 
Amelia Augustine (Landais) McIntire, was born in 
Cambridge, Mass., March 26, 1842. His father's 
ancestors moved from Salem to Oxford (now Charl- 
ton), Worcester county, in 1733, and were among 
the first town officers there ; his mother is a lineal 
descendant of John Read, a distinguished lawyer and 
citizen of Boston in colonial days ; her father was 
a French exile and I'nited States artillery officer, 
and she was born in Fort Moultrie, S.C., where he 
was in command. Charles J. was educated in the 
Cambridge public schools, by private tutors, and in 
the Chapman Hall School of Boston. Then he took 
the Harvard Law School course, and subsequently 
finishing his law studies in the office of ex-Mayor 
Dana, of Charlestown, was admitted to the Suffolk 
bar in 1865. These studies were interrupted by the 
Civil War, during which he served as a soldier of the 
Forty-fourth Massachusetts Regiment. He began 
practice in Boston immediately after his admis- 



sion to the bar, making his residence in Cam- 
bridge. Of the latter he is now city solicitor, hav- 
ing been elected to that position in 1886. For 
three years he was assistant district attorney for 
Middlesex county. He has served in the Cambridge 
common council ( 1866 and 1867), the board of 
aldermen (1877), three years on the school board, 
and in the lower house of the Legislature (1869 and 
1870). In 1883 he was the " People's" candidate 
for mayor of Cambridge. The same year he was 
elected president of the Forty-fourth Regiment As- 
sociation. Mr. McIntire was married in 1865, in 
Charlestown, to Miss Marie Terese Linegan ; they 
have five children: Mary Amelia (Cornell Uni- 
versity), Henrietta Elizabeth (Harvard Annex), 
Charles Ebenezer, Frederick, and Blanche Eugenie 
McIntire. 

MlIntosh, David, the leading plasterer of Boston, 
was born in Canada Nov. 10, 1844. He came to 
Massachusetts in 1869 and began business as a 
plasterer in Lynn, remaining there until 1872, when 
he removed to Boston. He has done a vast amount 
of work on large buildings and handsome residences 
of this city erected since that time, among them 
the new State-street Exchange and the American 
Telephone and Jordan buildings. The work in the 
Gillette and \'anderbilt mansion-houses in New- 
port, R.I., is also his. In 1889 Mr. Mcintosh 
established the Boston Fire Proofing Company at 
Revere, and began the manufacture of the porous 
terra-cotta building materials, blocks of terra-cotta 
porous and light, yet harder and stronger than 
brick, for flooring and partitions, and absolutely 
fire-proof. The new Exchange, the Telephone, 
Ames, John Hancock, and other large buildings 
in Boston are supplied with these blocks. Mr. 
Mcintosh is one of the directors of the Master 
Builders' .'\ssociation, has his office in the building 
at No. 166 Devonshire street, and resides in the 
Roxbury district. 

McKan-, Geoki.e Edward, was born in Charles- 
town Jan. 26, 1 84 1. After passing through the 
public schools and graduating from the high 
school, he was employed as clerk in a tailoring 
establishment. Afterwards he started in business 
for himself. This he continued until 1877, when 
he was appointed by Mayor Prince to the posi- 
tion of superintendent of Faneuil Hall Market, 
which he still holds. Mr. McKay is a Mason, 
an Odd Fellow, and a member of the Knights 
of Honor, and has held high positions in all these 
societies. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



307 



McKan-, Henry Sqcarebrig? 
in Shellnirne, N.S., Sept. 10, 



architect, was born 
861. He obtained 




HENRY S. McKAY. 

his education in the Provinces, and later in Boston. 
After studying architecture in Canada and in the 
United States, he entered the office of Thomas \V. 
Silloway, of this city, remaining in his employ a 
year; then, in 1882, they formed a partnership 
which continued for a year or more. In 1884 he 
engaged in practice alone, so continuing until 1888, 
when the present firm of McKay it Smith \\;is 
formed by the admission of Frank \\ . Smith, Mr. 
McKay's former draughtsman. Mr. McKay ha.> 
devoted himself i hielly to planning churches and 
public buildings, his principal works being the First 
Baptist Chuich, Maiden; the Worthen-street Bap- 
tist rlinrc h, I, (.well; Prospect Hill Congregational 
Chun h, Somcr\ ille ; Charles River Baptist Church, 
Cambridge ; Dearborn-street Baptist Church, Rox- 
bury ; the town hall at Amherst ; Odd Fellows Hall, 
Medford ; and the " Abbotsford " apartment-house 
on Commonwealth avenue, Back Bay district. He 
received medals from the State for his plans of the 
State House Extension. Among the private resi- 
dences designed by him are those of J. J. Stan- 
wood and L. S. P. Atwood, in Gloucester; J. H. 
Stetson, South \Veymouth ; and D. H. McKay, 
Brookline. Mr. McKay is the president of the 
Braintree Granite Company, a member of the Bos- 
ton Architectural Club, of the Archaeological Insti- 



tute of America, and the Megantic Fish and Game 
Club. He was married in Shelburne, N.S., to Miss 
Robena McKay. He resides in Longwood. 

McKiM, John W., was born in Boston Nov. 25, 
1822. He was graduated from Union College in 
1844, and was a classmate of ex-Governor Alex- 
aniler H. Rice. He read law in Washington, D.C., 
with Messrs. Dent & Grammer, and later practised 
in that city. In 1850 he was elected a member of 
the Washington city council, but a few years after 
he went to Ohio and was appointed district attor- 
ney of Defiance county. At the breaking out of 
the Civil War he was at the head of a law-firm in 
Toledo, O., but answering to the call of his coun- 
try, he served through the struggle, as a captain with 
the brevet of major, in the quartermaster's depart- 
ment, and was stationed in Boston. In 1867 he be- 
gan the practice of law in this c ity. In 1870 and 
1S71 he was elected to tin- lower house of the Legis- 
lature. In 1S74 he was appointed judge of the West 
Roxbiiry muniri]ial court upon its establishment, 
the appointment being made under Governor Tal- 
bot ; and in March, 1877, under Governor Alexander 
H. Rice, he received his present appointment, judge 
of the Probate Court for Suffolk county, and of the 
Court of Insolvency, judge McKim has heard 



f!^ <^f^ 




JOHN W. McKIM. 



many notable cases during his administration, and 
his decisions have been characterized by fairness 



3o8 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



and sound judgment. He resides with his family 
in Jamaica Plain. 

McLaughlin, John A., was born in Boston Feb. 
I, 1853. His education was obtained in the Eliot 
and Mayhew public schools, and at Boston College, 
where he took a five years' course. He early be- 
came interested in local politics. In 1881 and 

1882 he was a member of the common council ; in 

1883 and 1884 he was a representative from the 
Seventh Suffolk District in the lower house of the 
Legislature, serving on the committee on water 
supply; in 1887 he was elected to the board of 
aldermen, and was reelected the two succeeding 
years, serving during his terms on the most impor- 
tant committees — as chairman of those on State aid 
and on sewers, and a member of those on finance 
and on paving; and in March, 1891, he was ap- 
pointed by Mayor Matthews deputy superintendent 
of the bridge division of the street department, 
which position he still holds. He has been a mem- 
ber of the Democratic ward and city committee 
for about fourteen years, was its secretary for four 
years, and member of its finance committee for 
three. 



came expert. This, it is believed, was the origin of 
the " gang system," and to Mr. McLauthlin belongs 
the credit of conceiving it and demonstrating its 
great value. Upon attaining his majority he joined 
in a partnership with his elder brother, Martin P., 
at Marshfield, in the manufacturing of shoe ma- 
chinery. At that time very little was known of 
shoe machinery, and few shoemakers could yet be 
induced to drop the old lapstone for a Si 5 rolling- 
machine, or add to their inexpensive "bench kit" 
of tools a S3. 50 leather skiving and welt-splitting 
machine, although these would save their cost in a 
short time. Therefore the business proved, at first, 
too limited for both, and resulted in his buying out 
the interest of his brother Martin. In 1850 he 
moved to Plymouth, Mass., where he added the 
manufacture of water-wheels and general machinery 
to his shoe-machinery business ; before long he be- 
came widely known as " the water-wheel man," hav- 
ing sold his wheels in nearly every State and Territory 
of the United States, in Canada, Nova Scotia, South 
America, Turkey, and Africa. In 1852 he opened 
an office on State street, which was his Boston head- 
(juarters until 1865, when he removed his office to 
his present w^orks. In 1854 he removed his ma- 



McLauthlin, George T., son of Martin and 
Hannah (Reed) McLauthlin, was born in Dux- 
bury, Mass., Oct. II, 1826. His early education 
was obtained in the public schools of East Bridge- 
water, to which place his parents had moved in his 
infancy. At sixteen he undertook shoemaking on 
his own account, and a little later began his business 
career by employing help to assist him. He thus 
secured the means, supplemented by working morn- 
ings and evenings while at school away from home, 
to secure an academic education. At eighteen he 
was unexpectedly solicited to teach school, which 
offer he eagerly accepted. He followed that occu- 
pation four winters with exceptional success, during 
which time he devoted a part of each year to shoe- 
making and a part to attending school. At twenty- 
one he possessed a well-stored mind and a small 
sum of money with which to start into more ex- 
tended business. His eagerness for knowledge led 
him to continue his studies while at work at the 
bench with his hands, snatching problems from the 
open book and mentally digesting them while the 
routine manual labor went on. While still in his 
boyhood he attempted a new system in his shoe- 
shop, whereby more work could be accomplished 
with the same men than had before been deemed 
possible. He gave each man a special part of the 
work on each shoe, in which work each soon be- 




GEORGE T. McL 



chine works to Boston. Having maintained a 
sound, active business record in the machinery 
line for forty-five consecutive years, — the last 
thirty-one years at No. 120 Fulton street, the 



BOSTON OF 'lO-DAY. 



309 



present stand, — he has become extensively and 
favorably known. Mr. McLauthlin's success has 
not been of the " booming " nature ; it has been 
without a financial reverse, and of steady, perma- 
nent growth, aided by close economy, the exercise 
of sterling integrity and sound business principles. 
He has never sought, but has declined, political 
honors, desiring rather to give constant attention to 
his business. His mechanical genius is of a re- 
markable nature, many improvements and labor- 
sa\ing inventions being the product of his brain, 
l)ut \ery few of which he has patented. He is now 
perfecting se\eral important inventions. Besides 
doing general machine and contract work, he 
has several exclusive specialties, among which 
are the J. C. Hoadley portable engines, which have 
a world-wide reputation; McLauthlin's drop-tube 
safety steam-boilers, accredited by the best steam- 
experts as being of the highest merit ; McLauthlin's 
bark-shaving mill, the magic crusher, the magic pul- 
verizer, McLauthlin's improved elevator, and the test 
turbine water-wheels, — i)erfected through a series of 
five thousand three hundred test experiments, made 
with a most ingenious automatic testing-apparatus 
contrived by Mr. McLauthlin, by which results 
were registered to within one-twentieth of one per 
cent, of absolute accuracy. All of these except the 
bark mill and the imjiroved elevator, which are of 
recent origin and are not yet in general use, have a 
wide reputation and are of acknowledged superi- 
ority. Mr. McLauthlin has been a prominent di- 
rector in several corporations. He was married in 
1854 to Miss Clara M. Holden, daughter of the late 
Freeman Holden. She died in 1882. 

McMicHAEL, \\'ii,i,is Brooks, M.D., son of K. K. 
and Clementine (Haggett) McMichael, was born 
in Belfast, Me., Sept. 15, 1856. His educa- 
tion was obtained in the schools of Newcastle, 
N.H., Portsmouth, N.H., Newburyport, Mass., and 
Boston, his parents having moved to this city 
when he was about eleven years of age. He 
graduated from the Boston Latin School in 1874, 
and from the Boston LTniversity in 1878. He 
then entered the Harvard Medical School, from 
which he graduated in 1881. He is now surgeon 
to the Warren line of steamships ; examining physi- 
cian for the Travellers Insurance Company, the 
Legion of Honor, and the Pilgrim Fathers; has 
been district physician since 1883, and is recog- 
nized as one of the leading practitioners of East 
Boston. He is a member of the Massachusetts 
Medical Society. He is connected with the Ma- 
sonic fraternity and the Royal Arcanum. Dr. 



McMichael was married Oct. 24, 1882, to Miss 
Florence E., daughter of Walter H. Sturtevant, 




of East Boston 
Michael. 



one child, P^arle Mc- 



McNarv, A\'iixiAAr S., was born in North Abing- 
ton, ]\Lass., March 29, 1863. He was educated in 
the public schools of that town, in the Lawrence 
(Irammar School of South Boston, and the English 
High School, graduating from the latter in 1880, 
and receiving a Franklin medal. Upon leaving 
school he became a reporter on the "Commercial 
Bulletin," and advanced through the various grades 
to the position of managing editor. Then, on 
account of ill-health, he relinquished newspaper 
work for a time, resuming it early in 1891, when he 
became interested in the " Sunday Democrat " as 
part owner. Subsequently the paper passed under 
his control and management. He was early inter- 
ested in politics ; and in the Cleveland campaign 
of 1884, when he was but twenty-one years of age, 
he took the stump on the Democratic side. In 
1886 he was elected to the common council, and 
reelected the following year; in 1888 he was 
elected to the lower house of the Legislature, and 
reelected in 1889; and in 1890 he was elected to 
the senate, the youngest member of that body, 
being but twenty-seven years of age when sworn in 
for the session of 189 1. He was reelected to the 



3IO 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



senate of 1892. Mr. McNary has been a member 
of the Massachusetts Volunteer Militia, and served 
as lieutenant of Company B, Ninth Regiment, for 
two years. He is also a prominent yachtsman, and 
a member of the South Boston Yacht Club. 

McNeil, Neil, was born in Cape Breton May 9, 
1846. He came to Boston in 1861, and eight years 
after, with his brother Hector, began the carpentry 
and building business, under the firm name of 
McNeil Brothers. In 187 1 Hector died, and Mr. 
McNeil has continued the business under the same 
style to the ])resent time. It has so developed that 
contracts of every nature and extent are executed, 
and Mr. McNeil now emjiloys more masons than 
carpenters in his building operations, although he 
has an extensive wood-working establishment in the 
Dorchester district. He has built a number of the 
finest residences in the Back Bay district, among 
them those of Charles F. Adams, Charles T. \\hite, 
Mrs. Henry Keyes, William Bliss, J. .\rthur Beebe, 
Henry H. Fay, Charles Head, and others. The 
elegant seaside houses of F. ^\■. Vanderbilt, Mrs. 
Gammill, and Mrs. Brooks at Newport, the country 
houses of W. D. Sloane and John S. Barnes at 
Lenox, with others in both places, are his work. 
He has also done considerable building in New 
York city and other points distant from Boston. 
Mr. McNeil is one of the active members of the 
Master Builders' Association. He was married in 
Boston in 1872, and resides in an artistic dwelling 
in the Dorchester district. 

McNuiT, John J., was born in Truro, N.S., 
Sept. 29, 1822. He learned his trade as a wood- 
worker in Elizabeth, N.J., began business in Saco, 
Me., and came to Boston in 1842. Here, two 
years after, the firm of Paul & McNutt, build- 
ers, was formed, and this continued until 1858, 
since which time Mr. McNutt has conducted the 
business as sole proprietor. He is known as the 
master builder and pioneer of Wareham street. He 
now owns the extensive Novelty Wood \\'orks at the 
junction of Maiden and Wareham streets, which 
manufacture wood mouldings, sashes, doors, inside 
trimmings, and, in fact, every description of build- 
ing wood-work ; and he has played an important 
part in the construction of superior dwellings, busi- 
ness houses, churches, theatres, etc., in Boston and 
vicinity. He has fitted up a large number of banks, 
banking-houses, offices, and stores ; and many of the 
magnificent interiors in the business quarters are 
the result of his skilful handiwork. Mr. McNutt has 
been in business continuously for nearly fifty years, 



and he is styled the " Father of Wareham Street," 
on account of his liberal and generous support of 
many of his brother builders and carpenters in finan- 
cial difficulties, and the agreeable relations which 
are maintained between him and his men, the term 
of service of some of them dating back to the time 
when he began the business. His works occupy 
several buildings. 

Meehax, Michael, was born in Ireland June 20, 
1840, and came to the United States in 1855. At 
the beginning of the Civil War in 1 86 1 he shipped 
before the mast in the United States navy, and 
served three years. After the war he learned the 
trade of a mason and subsequently entered into 
business as a contractor in Boston, meeting with 
good success. He early took an interest in poli- 
tics, and was secretary of the Democratic State 
central committee in 1878 and 1879. I" 1884 
and 1885 he was elected superintendent of streets, 
and was deputy superintendent during the adminis- 
tration of Mayor Hart in 1889 and 1890. 

Merrill, Moodv, son of \\'inthrop and Martha 
N. Merrill, was born in Compton, N.H., June 27, 
1836. He passed his early life on the paternal 
farm, devoting his winters to study and teaching 
in different New Hampshire towns. He intended 
taking a college course, but was prevented by 
reason of ill-health. In 1859 he came to Boston 
and read law in the office of William Minot, and 
was admitted to the Suffolk bar in February, 1863. 
From 1865 to 1874 he served on the school board, 
and for some years he was chairman of the Rox- 
bury High School committee. For three years, 
1869-187 1, he was a member of the lower house 
of the Legislature; and in 1873 and 1874 was 
a member of the senate. In the latter year he 
was chairman of the committee in charge of the 
memorial services on the death of Charles Sumner, 
and compiled a memorial history of that occasion. 
In 1872, when the Highland Street Railway was 
organized, Mr. Merrill was chosen president of the 
road, and this office he held until the company was 
absorbed by the \\'est End Street Railway Com- 
pany, in 1886. Prior to the existence of the High- 
land Railway the Metropolitan Road had been 
without a competitor, and the new rival, with the 
valuable improvements it adopted, compelled many 
changes for the better. In 1886 Mr. Merrill se- 
cured the passage of the bill authorizing all the 
street railways of Boston to consolidate. He was 
also largely instrumental in establishing the famous 
Boston park system, which, when completed, will 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



be one of the finest in the world. In 1880 he was 
a Republican member of the Massachusetts electoral 
college. After that he took no active part in politics 
until the fall of 1890, when he was the Republican 
candidate for mayor of Boston. Mr. Merrill is the 
jiresident of the Roxbury t'lub. 

Mf.ver, George v. ],., son of the late Cleorge 
A. Meyer, was born in Boston June 24, 1858. 




His father was a native of New York, and his 
mother, Grace Helen Parker, a native of Boston, 
a granddaughter of the late Bishop Parker. He 
entered Harvard College in the class of 1879, 'I'l'l 
on graduating went into the office of Alpheus H. 
Hardy & Co., remaining in this Hdusc until iSSi, 
when he became a member of the firm of l.mder 
& Meyer, merchants, — a firm which his father had 
established on India wharf in 1848. Its offices 
are at No. 89 State street. Mr. Meyer is also [iresi- 
dent of the Ames Plow Company, a director of the 
Old Colony Trust Company, a director of the Bank 
of Commerce, and treasurer of the Boston Lying-in 
Hospital. He has taken an active interest in 
politics, and in 1889 was elected on the Republican 
ticket to the common council, in which he served 
two years. During this time he was a member of 
the finance committee, the committee on water, on 
laying out and widening streets, and on the Charles- 
river bridges. In the fall of 1890 he was elected 



to the board of aldermen from the Fourth District, 
receiving the nomination of both the Democrats 
and Republicans: and in 189 1 he was elected on 
the Republican ticket to represent Ward 9 in the 
lower house of the Legislature. While in college 
Mr. Meyer took an active part in athletics, and was 
on the class rowing-crew of 1879. He is a mem- 
ber of the Athletic, St. Botolph, and Somerset 
Clubs. 

Miller, tiEOROE N., was born in Gardiner, Me., 
June 6, 1838, and came to Boston when eighteen 
years of age. He learned his trade, of mason and 
buililer, as an apprentice to David H. Jacobs, and 
in 1867 went into business with his brother Marquis 
S. Miller, under the firm name of M. S. & G. N. 
Miller. He is an active member of the Master 
Builders' Association and a director of the Working- 
men's Cooperative Building Association. He was 
married in Lynn, in 1868, to Miss Hannah Howell. 
[For a list of some of the noteworthy buildings 
erected in fJoston by the brothers, see sketch of 
Marquis S. Miller]. 



Mli.i.KR, JiiHX, son 
Miller, was born in Irel; 



)f L. and Mary (Hynes) 
nd Aug. 9, 1 82 1. Coming 




to this country and to Boston at an early age, he 
obtained his education in the public schools. He 
began his mercantile career in 1850 in a modest 



312 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



way, established on Hanover street in the whiskey 
business. He has steadily pushed his way to the 
front, and from a humble position in the trade his 
business gradually increased until in 1870 he moved 
into the large building numbered 298 and 300 Han- 
over street. This is one of the most imposing on 
the street, and is entirely devoted to the extensive 
business now controlled by the house. In 1880 his 
son William A. was admitted to partnership, and the 
firm name changed to John Miller & Co. A spe- 
cialty was then made of the wholesale trade, which 
has since assumed extensive proportions. Mr. 
Miller has represented his district in the common 
council, and also in the lower house of the Legisla- 
ture. He is a iiromiuent member of a number of 
local organizations. 

Miller, Makijlis S., was born in Oardiner, Me., 
Jan. 19, 1840. He came to Boston when eighteen 
years of age, and served an apprenticeship of three 
years with David H. Jacobs, mason and builder. 
In 1867 he went into business with his brother, 
George N. Miller, under the firm name of M. S. & 
G. N. Miller, the firm soon taking rank among the 
leading masons and builders of Boston. Among 
their buildings are the Sleeper Building, corner of 
.Arch and Milk streets ; the Manufacturers Bank ; 
Hotel Waquoit ; Langmaid estate buildings at the 
South End ; Wright & Moody's factory ; John C. 
Haynes' stores on Congress street ; the building of 
James S. Stone, corner of Pearl and High streets ; 
John Goldthwait's, Purchase and Oliver streets ; the 
Prince Primary School, Cumberland and St. Botolph 
streets ; and the Columbia Theatre. They have 
erected over six hundred buildings in this city 
alone. Mr. Miller is an active member of the Master 
Builders' Association. He is a director of the Work- 
ingmen's Cooperative Building Association, which 
is building houses in Jamaica Plain costing from 
§3,000 to ^6,000. He was married in Boston Dec. 
15, i865. 

MiNO-r, Fr.\nci.s, M.D., was born in Boston April 
12, 1821. He graduated from Harvard College in 
1 84 1, with the degrees of A.B. and A.M., and 
three years later from the Harvard Medical School 
M.D. He has since been foremost among the 
physicians of the city. He is consulting physician 
of the Massachusetts General Hospital, and late 
Hersey professor of the theory and practice of 
physics in Harvard University. He is a member 
of the Massachusetts Medical Society, the Boston 
Society for Medical Improvement, and the Boston 
Society for Medical Observation. 



MiNOT, James Jackson, M.D., was born in Boston 
Oct. II, 1852. He fitted for college in private 
schools in the city, received the degree of A.B. from 
Harvard in 1874, and that of M.D. from the 
Harvard Medical School in 1877. From 1877 to 
1 881 he studied in Vienna, Berlin, and other cities 
abroad. He is now physician to out-patients at the 
Massachusetts General Hospital, visiting physician 
to the Carney Hospital, and a trustee of the 
Hospital for Dipsomaniacs and Inebriates. He is 
a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society 
and the Boston Society for Medical Improvement. 
He was married in 18S4 to Miss Elizabeth, daughter 
of Henry A. Whitney, of Boston. 



Mitchell, Edwin Vinald, son of W 
and Sarah Phipps (Leland) Mitchell, was born in ^ 



Walker 'i 



Sangerville, Me., Oct. 2, 1850. He received his 
education in the common and high schools of j 
Framingham, Mass. He began his active career 
when yet a youth, in the straw business with his 
brother at \V'estborough, and two years later, in 
1869, he was admitted to the firm. Subsequendy 
he was for several years connected with H. O. Ber- 
nard & Co., in the same town, and in 1876 entered 
the employ of D. D. Curtis & Co., straw-goods 
manufacturers in Medfield. Here he displayed 
such skill and executive ability that he was early 
promoted to the position of superintendent of the 
extensive works, which he held until 1884, when he 
secured an interest in the business. Upon the 
death of Mr. Curtis, in 1885, the firm of Searle, 
Dailey, & Co. was established, Mr. Mitchell being 
the resident and managing partner in Medfield, and 
H. A. Searle and G. F. Dailey the New York part- 
ners. It is to-day one of the most extensive and 
important houses in the country engaged in the 
manufacture and sale of straw goods. Colonel 
Mitchell is also a director of the Dedham National 
Bank and the Holliston ^\■ater Company. In 
politics he is Republican. He has been chairman 
of the Republican committee of his town for ten 
years; and in 1891 he was elected to the gov- 
ernor's council from the second district, in which 
he served on the committees on harbors and public 
lands, military affairs, railroads, and accounts. His 
title of colonel is derived from service as aide-de- 
camp on the military staff of Governor Brackett. 
He has been a selectman of Medfield, and is a 
trustee of its public library. He is prominent in 
the Masonic order, the Odd Fellows and Red Men ; 
an honorary member of Moses Ellis Post 1 1 7, 
G.A.R. ; a member of the Ancient and Honorable 
Artillery Company, and of the Norfolk, Home 




^A^^.^?^:^ 




im H/il'looA^ 



BOSTON OF TO-DAV. 



Market, Newton, Fisher Ames, and Algonquin 
t'lubs. Colonel Mitchell was married in Medfield 
Oct. 13, 1S85, to Miss Blanche E., daughter of 
Daniel D. and Ellen (^\"ight) Curtis; they have 
three children: Granville Curtis, luiwin Searle, and 
Emlyn Vinald Mitchell. 

Monks, Ckokce Howard, M.D., was born in 
Boston in 1853. F'itting for college in the Boston 
Latin iSchool, he entered Hanard in 1871, gratiuat- 
ing in the class of 1875 and receiving his degree of 
A.B. He then look a course in the Harv^ard 
Medical School, receiving his degree of M.D. in 
1880. From 1879 to 1880 he was surgical house- 
officer at the Massachusetts General Hospital, and in 
1880 was admitted a member of the Massachusetts 
Medical Society. He then went abroad to com- 
plete his professional education, studying in Vienna, 
Leipzig, Heidelberg, Dresden, Paris, and London, 
remaining at these places from 1880 to 1884. In 
the latter year he received the diploma of member- 
ship in the Ro\a] Cdlle^c of SurL^cons of l',ni,'lan(l. 
Dr. Monks is assistanl in clinical and (ipcralixc 
surgery in the Har\ard Medical School, instructor 
in surgical pathology in the Harvard Dental School, 
and instructor in surgery in the Boston Polyclinic. 
He is also surgeon to out-patients at the Boston 
City Hospital, and surgeon to the Carnc\- Ho-^pital. 
He is a member of the Boston Society for Medical 
Impro\enient and the Boston Societv for Medical 



MooDV, W'li.i.iA.M H., son of Jonathan and Mary 
C. Moody, was born in Claremont, N.H., May 10, 
1842. Upon both the father's and mother's side 
the long train of ancestry is traceable, back through 
the days of colonization of New England, to sturdy 
Saxon blood. Until sixteen years of age he was 
trained in the country schools ; and then, under 
George N. Farwell & Co., of Claremont, who em- 
ployed those simpler machines which were first used 
to supplement hand labor, he learned i)ractically the 
business of manufacturing all classes of foot-wear. 
At nineteen years of age, master of his trade, he 
came to Boston and entered the Washington-street 
shoe-store of John Wallace as a salesman. Here, 
however, he remained but a short time, obtaining a 
better-paying position with 'Penny, Ballerston, & Co. 
At the end of two years' service with this house 
he became buyer for Sewall Raddin & Son, which 
position he held for three years. Sewall Raddin & 
Co. succeeded Sewall Raddin & Son, and soon re- 
organized as Mc( libbon. Moody, cS: Raddin. When 
this partnership expired the firm of Crane ..V Leiand 



became Crane, Leiand, & Moody, and afterwards 
Crane, Moody, & Rising. Then Mr. Moody retired 
from active business for a time, unremitting labor 
having impaired his health. When thoroughly 
restored he organized the present great house of 
Moody, Esterbrooke, ^V Aiiilcrs.)ii, calling into the 
new concern former Iricil ni.l i\|ieiienced assistants. 
He has built in Nashua, X.ll., the largest shoe- 
industry under one roof in the worid. His only 
outside business connection is with the Shoe and 
l,eather Bank, of which he is a director. In 
politics he is Republican. Mr. Moody makes 
Boston his winter home, occu])ying with his family a 
suite at Parker's, and Claremont his summer resi- 
dence. His estate there, which is well named 
" Highland View," is one of the finest in New 
Hampshire. A beautifiil house, six hundred acres 
of broken upland, a private track, more than a hun- 
dred horses, and splendidly appointed barns are its 
features. To the American trotter he gives special 
attention. In Claremont he has perpetuated the 
nienior\- of his niotlier li\' means of the Mary Moody 
parsonage, j.;i\cn to the llaptist ( liurch, of which she 
was tor mure than sixty years an honored member. 
Mr. Moody was married twenty-five years ago, to 
Miss Mary A. Maynard. 

Morris, F'r.ances, M.D., was born in Trenton, 
X.J., June 15, 1851. Her early education was 
begun in Trenton and continued in Providence, R.I. 
For five years she was a missionary in South Africa 
under the American Board of Foreign Missions. 
Returning to Boston on account of her health, she 
soon began the study of medicine, and in 1885 
graduated from the lloston rni\ersitv School of 
Medicine, M.D. She «a^ rcsKlciii physician at the 
Consei-vatory of Music lor one year, and then went 
abroad, where she continued her jmjfessional studies 
in Vienna, Paris, and Freiburg. Again returning to 
Boston, in 1887, she has since remained here prac- 
tising her profession. Her present residence and 
office are at No. 138 Marlborough street. She is 
a member of the Boston Homieopathic Medical 
Society and the Boston Hahnemann Society. Her 
specialty is gynecology. 

Morrison, Gkor(;k W., was born in Alton, N.H., 
July 28, 1834. He came to Boston in 1851, and 
was employed by his brother Nahum M. Morrison, 
who was one of the most prominent builders of the 
day. For thirty or thirty-five years he was asso- 
ciated with his brother John V\'. Morrison, filling 
many responsible positions under him. L'|'on the 
death of John \\'. Morrison, in 1.S8S, he formed a 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



coiiartnership with Lewis H. Bacon, an architect 
and builder, and established the present firm of 
Morrison & Bacon, succeeding to the business of 
lohn \\'. Morrison. The entire wood-work of the 
northerly portion of the new Court House is theirs, 
and their work is also shown in the interior of the 
Niles Building on School street, a large number 
of houses in the Back Bay district, St. Andrew's 
Church, a number of stations on the old Boston 
& l^rovidence Railroad, and other prominent build- 
ings. Mr. Morrison is a member of the Master 
liuilders' .Kssociation. 

Morrison, William Alexander, M.D., son of James 
and Jane(McKay) Morrison, was born in East Boston 
Dec. 10, 1856. His education was attained in the 
public school. At the age of fourteen he began com- 
mercial life as clerk in a drug store. Here he re- 
mained until 1878, when he removed to Leadville, 
Col., and engaged in the drug business there. Re- 
turning to Boston in 1884, a year later he entered 
the Harvard Medical School. Immediately after 
graduating, in 1889, he began practice in Ilast ln)s- 
ton. While in college he took a great interest in 
all athletic sports, and won many cups and trophies, 
notably the cup for heavy-weight sparring. He is a 
man of remarkable physique. In 1884 Dr. Morri- 
son married .Almira Reed : they have two children : 
Jean and William Morrison. 

MoKSK, ISfsHKoii, son of Willard and i'Lliza 
(Clover) Morse, is a native and resident of 
Sharon, Mass. His parents were the descend- 
ants of a long line of New England ancestry. 
Among them were Prof. Samuel F. B. Morse, in- 
ventor of the magnetic telegraph. Dr. Franklin, 
and James Kent, chief justice and renowned com- 
mentator. He attended the public schools of his 
native town ; fitted for college in the Providence 
Conference Seminary and Pierce Academy, Middle- 
borough, during the years 1853, 1854, 1855, and 
1856; entered Amherst College September, 1856, 
without conditions, but owing to ill-health was unable 
to complete his full collegiate course. He chose the 
profession of law, and studied in North Easton and 
Boston ; was admitted to the Suffolk bar in Octo- 
ber, 1864, and has practised in Boston ever since. 
He has, however, always retained his residence in 
his native town, on the old Morse homestead, near 
Lake Massapoag, a large and picturesque estate, 
which has descended to him and his brothers from 
their great-grandfather, Gilead Morse, an English 
soldier under (General \Volfe, who purchased it on 
his return from the French war in 1764. In jjoli- 



tics Mr. Morse is a pronounced Democrat, and 
has performed conspicuous service for his party. 




BUSHROD MORSE. 

When questions of the public good simply are at 
issue, party lines fail to hedge him in or control 
his action. Mr. Morse has been chairman of the 
Sharon school board ; was a member of the lower 
house of the Legislature in 1870, 1883, and 1884, 
serving on important committees ; was chairman 
of the committee on probate and chancery, 1884 ; 
has been a member of the Democratic State cen- 
tral committee ; was a presidential elector in the 
Cleveland campaigns of 1884 and 1888; was a 
delegate to the National Democratic Convention 
at Cincinnati in 1880, which nominated General 
Hancock for President ; was a candidate for Con- 
gress in the Second District, against ex-Governor 
Long, in 1886; carried Norfolk county by two 
hundred and thirty-three majority, and was defeated 
in the district by only one thousand eight hundred 
and twenty-two votes ; was again a candidate in 
1890, and received the highest vote e\er cast for 
a Democratic candidate for Congress in his dis- 
trict. He has been a justice of the peace since 
1864, when he was first appointed by Governor 
Andrew. Mr. Morse taught school, in his early 
manhood, for several years, thus earning money 
wherewith to meet his expenses while pursuing his 
l)rei)aratory studies. He is now devoted to the 
legal profession, an incessant worker and a good 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



315 



lawyer. On May 13, i8gi, he was appointed by 
Governor Russell the first special justice of the 
District Court for southern Norfolk. While in the 
Legislature Mr. Morse always supported and ably 
advocated the passage of all measures calculated 
to advance the best interests of the working classes. 
His addresses on the subject of tariff reform have 
attracted attention and been published in leading 
newspapers of the country. 

Morse, Elijah A., son of Rev. Abner Morse, 
was born in South Bend, Ind., May 24, 1841. He 
belongs to an old New England family, whose 
founder, Samuel Morse, settled in Dedham as early 
as 1637. In early boyhood he came to Massachu- 
setts, and here his education was begun in the pub- 
lic schools of Sherborn. Later he attended the 
Boylston school here in Boston, and the Onondaga 
Academy in New York State. Having just left 
school, at the age of nineteen, when the Civil ^Var 
broke out, he enlisted as a private in Company A, 
Fourth Massachusetts Infantry, and went to the front. 
On leaving the army, he reentered the business that 
he had started as a schoolboy, — the making and 
vending of stove polish. This business steadily grew 
and expanded until now his factory in Canton covers 
four acres and has a capacity of ten tons a day. Mr. 




ELIJAH A. MORSE. 



which he has made many speeches. He was 
elected to the lower house of the Legislature of 
1876, to the senate of 1886 and 1887, to the execu- 
tive council and to Congress in 1888 and 1890. 
Mr. Morse was married Jan. :, 1868, to Miss 
Felicia, daughter of Samuel A. Yining, of Holbrook : 
they have three children ; Abner, Samuel, and 
Benjamin Morse. 

MiiKSK, (Ieorge W., son of Peter and Mary E. 
(Randall) Morse, natives of Chester and Nashua, 



-^ 



r 




Morse is an ardent Re])ul)litan, and is also earnestly 
interested in the temperance cause, in behalf of 



N.H., was born in l.oili, Athens county, ()., Aug. 
24, 1845. He attended Oberlin College, Ohio, 
one year ; studied in Haverhill, Mass., one year ; 
was at Andover one year : Chester Academy one 
year ; and Haverhill again another year. On May 
II, 1 86 1, he enlisted as a private in the Civil 
War, and was promoted through the several grades 
to first lieutenant, commanding his company of the 
historic Second Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers. 
He was mustered out July, 1865. After the war he 
spent another year at Phillips (Andover) Academy, 
and then entered the sophomore class of the Chand- 
ler scientific department, Dartmouth College, con- 
tinuing there two years. He began the study of 
law with Charles G. Stevens, of Clinton, and con- 
tinued with Chandler, Shattuck, & Thayer, of 
Boston; and in 1869 he was admitted to the 
Suffolk bar. He was engaged in general practice 



3i6 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



for fifteen years, having a large amount of bank- 
ruptcy cases, such as the Boston, Hartford, & Erie 
litigation ; that of N. C. Munson, the great railroad- 
contractor, a failure involving three millions : that 
of O. W. Gerrish, the builder, of Chelsea; of F. 
Shaw & Bros., tanners, the latter being the largest 
mercantile failure ever occurring in the country, 
involving eight millions of dollars ; and in most of 
the dozen failures that followed in the wake. The 
years 1887, 1888, 1889, Mr. Morse sjjent in Europe 
with his family. Then he returned and resumed 
general practice, doing much corporation work, 
engaged, among other interests, as special counsel 
for the Thomson-Houston Electric Company. In 
politics Mr. Morse is Republican. He has repre- 
sented the Newton district in the lower house of 
the Legislature two terms (1881-2). He was 
president of the Newton Street Railway Company 
two years, for the purpose of attending to its legal 
and fiscal matters, and he is now a large stock- 
holder in the company. He is a member of Charles 
Ward Post, G.A.R., Newton, and of the Massachu- 
setts Commandery of the Loyal Legion : is a thirty- 
second degree Mason, having taken all the \'ork 
and Scottish Rite degrees ; and is a member of the 
Algonquin, Art, and Newton Clubs, and of the Boston 
Bar Association. Mr. Morse was married Oct. 20, 
1870, to Miss Clara R. Boit, of Newton ; they have 
five children, two sons and three daughters. 

MdRSE, L. Foster, son of Ezra and Eliza Jane 
(Foster) Morse, was born in Roxbury Dec. 30, 
1835. He is of the tenth generation from Samuel 
Morse, born in England in 1585, who settled 
in Dedham, Mass., in 1636 ; and on his mother's 
side he is descended from Thomas Foster, of Wey- 
mouth, who was made a freeman in 1640. He was 
educated in the public schools, and early began 
work as a boy in a store. That was in 1849. Six 
years later he started a market business for himself, 
which he continued until 1861. From 1866 to 
1867 he conducted a business in Colorado Territory 
for Boston and New York interests, and in 1868 he 
entered the real-estate business in Roxbury, in which 
he has continued to the present time, his offices 
now being at No. 56 \\arren Street. He has 
handled property in all sections of the Roxbury 
district, and the greater number of the present large 
estates there have been developed by him. He is 
intimately conversant with values, past, present, 
and probable, in the entire section. For a number 
of years, from 1869 to 1880 inclusive, and also from 
1882 to 1884, he was a member of the board of 
assessors : he was a member of the Roxbury citv 



council in i860, 1861, 1862, 1863, and 1864; and 
of the Boston common council in 1868 ; he was 
one of the commissioners on the annexation of West 




L FOSTER MORSE 

Roxbury, Charlestown, Brighton, and Brookliue in 
1873 ; one of the commissioners appointed to assess 
betterments on the Stony-brook improvement : and 
one of the commissioners on the high-water ser\ ice 
in 1885. He is a trustee of the Institute for Sa\- 
ings in Roxbury, and of the Forest Hills Cemetery ; 
and he is a member of the Bostonian Society. Mr. 
Morse was married May 2, 1861, to Miss Annie 
Conant (descended from Roger Conant, who was at 
Nantasket in 1624) ; they have two children : Grace 
F^liza and Annie Conant Morse. 

MdKSK, Nathan, son of Nathan and Sally ((lil- 
man) Morse, was born in Moultonborough, N.H., 
July 24, 1824. He was directly in the line of two 
of the oldest and best finnilies of New Hampshire. 
The first thirteen years of his life were passed on 
his father's farm, attending public schools the usual 
time allotted to farm boys in country districts. At 
this time, a fire having destroyed all the farm build- 
ings, the family removed to the village, where his 
father was appointed postmaster, holding the posi- 
tion for twenty consecutive years. At the age of 
sixteen, Nathan, jr., was appointed assistant post- 
master, a position which he held until he came to 
Boston in 1843. In 1S45 he entered the Har\'ard 




/^^^c^ 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



317 



Law School, and devoted two years to study, 
graduating in 1846. During these years he was en- 
tirely dependent upon his own earnings for his sup- 
port, with the help of such sums as a friend was 
able to loan him toward the payment of his tuition 
fees. Soon after graduation he was admitted to the 
Suffolk bar. Entering at once upon the jiractice of 
his profession in Boston (in 1852), he formed a 
partnershi]) with Ambrose A. Ranney, under the 
firm name of Ranney & Morse. 'I'his relation con- 
tinued for many years, and th'e firm became one of 
the most prominent in the State. Mr. Morse has 
long enjoyed a lucrative practice. His business is 
largely in the courts, as senior counsel in the trial of 
causes. He has declined to accept public office, with 
a single exception, — that of common councilman in 
1863, — his entire time and strength being given to 
his profession. He has for many years been a mem- 
ber of the ( )1(1 South Church. He was married in 
Boston Nov. 18, 185 1, to Sarah, daughter of Daniel 
Deshon : they have two children : Fannie Deshon 
and Edward Oilman Morse. 

Morse, RANDALr, O., son of Oliver and Nancy 
(Pitcher) Morse, was born in Friendship, Me., 
Oct. 6, 1825 ; died in Boston April 13, 1891. His 
father, also a native of Friendship, born in 1791, 




was of French descent, the fomily coming from 
Normandy ; and his mother was of English de- 



scent. He obtained his general education in the 
country school, which he attended part of each 
summer and winter through his boyhood ; and in 
early manhood he became a fine mathematician. 
He worked hard on the farm, lived in a large, 
roomy house, and had a pleasant home-life until he 
was eighteen, when he went to sea. He followed 
a seafaring life steadily from that time until 1869, 
during the twenty-six years visiting all the principal 
seaports of his own country and Europe, South 
American ports, Australia, and India. In 1845 he 
was captain of the " Mary and .Adeline," later on of 
the " Chimborazo," and in 1858 of the "Mary E. 
Campbell." In 1859 he took the " Mary E. Camp- 
bell " up the Thames to London, the largest sailing- 
ship at that day that had ever been up the river. 
She lay in close proximity to the great steamship 
"Oreat Eastern," two things of beauty and attrac- 
tion, each receiving an equal share of admiration. 
And the two captains were also admired, for they 
were both tall, distinguished-looking men, fine types 
of the energetic, superior sea-captain of the period. 
Captain Morse sailed only in ships built by and 
owned by Hon. Edward O'Brien, of Thomaston, 
Me. He owned in the ships he sailed, and also 
sailed on primage : chartered his ship, provis- 
ioned her, repaired her, disbursed her, and depos- 
ited her earnings to the credit of Mr. O'Brien. He 
was a driving, energetic, money-making, successful 
ship-master; a strict disciplinarian; fed his men 
well, but exacted prompt obedience ; kept his ship 
trim and clean and in perfect order, and made 
quick voyages ; was honest in his dealings, and dis- 
tinguished for his fidelity to his trusts and responsi- 
bilities. While a ship-master he passed through two 
nautical schools, and had a master's certificate for 
the American and one for the English merchant 
service, — passing the English examination in 1864 
and the American in 1869, so as to keep up with the 
standards of the day. After his retirement from the 
sea he made his home in Roxbury, and entered 
into partnership with Cook & Jordan, coal, wood, 
and building materials, at No. 498 Albany street, 
Boston, putting considerable capital into the busi- 
ness. The firm name then became Cook, Jordan, 
iV Morse. In 1871 Mr. Cook retired from the firm, 
and until after the great fire of 1872 it was Morse 
& Jordan. Then in 1874 it became R. (l. Morse & 
Co., and so has since' continued. Mr. Morse was a 
Mason, a member of the Washington Lodge of the 
Roxbury district. He \v;is married in 1858 to Miss 
Lavinia 1). Debnex, nl" l.^mdon, Eng. ; they had 
three children : La\ inia C, Frank D., and Wini- 
fred M. Morse. 



,3i! 



BOSTON (^F TO-DAY. 



Morse, Rohert M., jr., was born in Boston Aug. 
II, 1837. He graduated from Harvard College in 
1859, and among his classmates were ex-Governor 
Long, J. Lewis Stackpole, John C. Ropes, Rev. 
Joseph May of Philadelphia, and many other prom- 
inent men now living, and the late Robert D. Smith, 
(len. Charles F. Wolcott, and others among the 
dead. After graduating he studied at the Harvard 
I>aw School, and was admitted to the bar in Janu- 
ary, i860. Since that time he has been in practice 
in Boston. He rose rapidly to success in his pro- 
fession. For the last fifteen years he has been re- 
tained in a large proportion of the important causes 
which have come before the courts in this part of 
the State, including many in the United States 
district and circuit courts, and in the Supreme 
Court of the L^nited States at Washington. His 
practice has embraced contests over wills, of which 
the Armstrong and Codman cases were conspicuous 
examples. He has also been retained in much im- 
portant litigation relating to the water-supply of 
cities and towns, and to insurance and other com- 
mercial contracts, and also in a great variety of tort 
cases, including actions of libel and claims for per- 
sonal injury. Mr. Morse has rarely undertaken any 
public work outside of his profession. In 1866 and 




1867, however, he was a member of the State Sen- 
ate, and in 1880 of the House. In the former body 
he drafted and introduced the bill for the reijeal of 



the usury laws, which he carried through, and which 
subsequently passed the House in conseiiuence 
mainly of the able speech of the late Richard H. 
Dana. He was also chairman of the special com- 
mittee on the subject of the prohibitory law, before 
which John A. Andrew made his famous argument ; 
and he subsequently drew the report of the com- 
mittee in favor of the repeal of that law. In 1880 
he was chairman of the House. Mr. Morse is to- 
day one of the most prominent members of the 
legal profession, among the foremost as a general 
counsellor and as an advocate. 

Morton, Charles, was born in Boston July 19, 
1 84 1. He finished his education in the Norwich 
University, Norwich, Vt., and was then employed 
on railroad work in Minnesota. In 1862 he came 
to Boston and was employed in the Back Bay sur- 
vey until 1865, when he was detailed at the city 
engineer's office, remaining there until that depart- 
ment was separated from the surveying department. 
He continued in the latter office until 1887, when, 
on the removal of Mr. Mehan as superintendent of 
streets by Mayor t)'Brien, he was appointed acting 
superintendent ; he was also acting superintendent 
under J. W. McDonald. In March, 1888, he was 
made general superintendent of the Boston Heating 
Company. In March, 1889, he was appointed su- 
perintendent of sewers, and in 1891 a member of 
the board of survey created that year. Mr. Morton 
is connected with many orders and societies, among 
them the Masons, Odd Fellows, and the Massachu- 
setts Charitable Mechanic Association. 

Morton, Francis F., was born in Eastport, Me., 
April 27, 1834. He came to Boston in 1854, and 
in 1858 established business in partnership with 
William P. Chesley, under the firm name of Morton 
I.V- Chesley. They have been heavy contractors and 
builders for years, employing in their large, well- 
equipped mill on Dedham street, in which they do 
no work except what is required to fill their own 
contracts, upwards of six hundred men. Their later 
work includes the interior of the Equitable Build- 
ing, the American Telephone Building, the entire 
work (in the Beaconsfield Terraces in Brookline, and 
1;. 1). Jordan's houses on Corey hill, the Provi- 
dence and Lowell railway stations, the hotels Lud- 
low and Huntington, T wharf, — the largest fish- 
market in the world, — the City Hall, Providence, 
several churches in the same city, and over two 
hundred fine residences in the Back Bay district, 
including those of ex-Covernor .iXmes and Mr. Cor- 
coran. In New York they have done an immense 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



319 



amount of work, in such buildings as the F^quitable, 
the Morse, the Potter, the Mills, and the Washing- 
ton, the Dakotah flats, the new building for the 
Central Railroad of New Jersey, and the New York 
Central station. Mr. Morton is one of the active 
members of the Master Builders' Association and of 
the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association. 
In 1858 he married Miss E. Richardson, of Boston. 
His home is on Chestnut Hill avenue. 

MosF.LF.v, Herbert, architect, was born in Derby- 
shire, Eng., in 1850.- Five years later his family 
came to this country, since which time he has been 
a resident first of Needham and afterwards of New- 
ton. He took private lessons in architecture while 
following the trade of a carpenter and builder, thus 
obtaining a thorough and practical knowledge of 
the profession. He started in practice in 1884, and 
has designed churches in Needham, at Harvard 
station, and also many pretty private residences in 
Dorchester, Medfield, Wellesley, and the Newtons. 
His early training as a builder enables him to esti- 
mate accurately in Imes of domestic work, and in 
this branch he has been remarkably successful. All 
of his plans for private houses are characterized by 
quiet refinement. Mr. Moseley was married in 
1872, to Miss Sarah C. Smith. 

MoTL, Joseph \'arnum, son of Henry .\. and 
Mary (Varnum) Mott, was born in New York city 
Sept. 5, 1849. His father is a prominent lawyer 
(retired) of that city, and his grandfather was the 
late Dr. Valentine Mott, known in his day as " the 
king of surgeons." His early education was ob- 
tained in the Lyons Institute and from private 
tutors, and he attended the College of Physicians 
and Surgeons of New York, from which he gradu- 
ated in 1872. He first began practice in his native 
city, and in various hospitals and dispensaries there, 
and subsequently, in 1884, moved to Boston. Here 
he has had an extensive office-practice, and has of 
late years devoted much time to fraternal work. 
He is a member and officer of a large number of 
organizations, — president of the Massachusetts 
Fraternal Endowment Union, grand chancellor 
Knights and Ladies of Columbia, supreme director 
of the United Fellowship, grand instructor of grand 
council Royal Society of Good Fellows, and ruler of 
the Good Fellows Club of the last-mentioned order ; 
he is medical examiner for the New England Order 
of Protection, American Legion of Honor, Royal 
Society of Cjood Fellows, and United Fellowshi]), 
and a member of the Knights of Pythias and the 
Ancient Order of United Workmen. While in New 



York he was a member of the New York County 
Medical Society, the Harlem Medical Association, 




the Physicians' Mutual Aid .Association, and other 
organizations. Dr. Mott has been twice married ; 
two of his children by his first wife are living : J. 
Varnum and Maria Louise Mott. 

MciwRv, Oscar B., was born in Woonsocket, 
R.I., but removed to Boston with his parents when 
a small lad. He is a graduate of Brown Uni- 
versity, from which he has received the degree 
of A.M. as well as A.B., and of the Harvard Law 
School. While at the law school he also studied 
with C. T. & T. H. Russell. He was admitted to 
the Suffolk bar in 1868. For a number of years he 
was associated with Thomas L. Sturtevant, and he 
is now engaged in general practice at No. 83 
Devonshire street. In politics he is Republican. 
He represented Ward 1 1 in the common council 
for three years. Now he resides in Longwood, and 
takes active interest in improvements in that pict- 
uresque suburb. Mr. Mowry is married to Georgi- 
anna J., daughter of George C. (loodwin, of Boston. 

MuNRoE, Martin A., Ihiited States depiUy collector 
of customs, was born in Boston Awj,. 30, 1.S45. He 
was educated in the Eliot School and the lioston 
Latin School. In 1861 he enlisted in Com|iany I, 
Thirtieth Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers, and 



DSTON OF 1T)-DAY. 



served in the Department of the CJulf until early in 
1863, when, on account of sickness, he was dis- 
charged. In the spring of 1864 he again enlisted, 
this time in the Seventh Unattached Company In- 
fantry, and on the expiration of his term of service 
he reenlisted in Company K, Fourth Regiment Heavy 
Artillery, Massachusetts Volunteers. He was then 
commissioned lieutenant, and served until the close 
of the war. In October, 1870, he was appointed 
clerk in the customs service at this port; in 1879 
was promoted to chief clerk; and in May, 1882, 
was appointed deputy collector, which position he 
now holds. After the war he was for many years 
(juite active in the Volunteer Militia of the State, 
having been lieutenant in the Seventh Regiment 
and afterwards adjutant of the First Battalion In- 
fantry. He is a prominent member of St. John's 
Lodge and of St. .-Xndrew's Chapter, Free Masons, 
and of Boston Commandery Knights Templar. He 
is also a member of Post 113, (^..'^.R., and of the 
Military Order of the Loyal Legion. 

Ml NkdK, WiiiivM Ai.AMs, son of William \V. and 
Hannah F. (Adams) Munroe, natives of Cambridge 
and Arlington, Mass., was born in Cambridge Nov. 
9, 1843. He was graduated from Harvard in 1864, 
and studied law there portions of the years 1866 
and 1867. Afterwards he studied in the Boston 
law-office of Chandler, Shattuck, & Thayer, and 
was admitted to the bar .\ugust, 1868. He is a 
member also of the bar of the Supreme Court of 
the Ignited States. He began practice in the fall 
of 1869, and in February, 1870, formed the part- 
nership, still existing, with George O. Shattuck, 
Judge C). W. Holmes, jr., being a partner from 1873 
until his appointment to the bench in 1882. He is 
a member of the Boston Bar Association and of the 
American Bar .Association. In politics he is Re- 
publican. He resides in Cambridge ; served seven 
years on its school committee ; was one of the 
commissioners to revise the Cambridge city charter 
in 1890; is a member of the Cambridge Club, and 
was its president in 1890; and is a member and 
was one of the incorporators of the Colonial Club 
of Cambridge. He belongs to the First Baptist 
Church of Cambridge, is a trustee of the Newton 
Theological Institution, and was president of the 
Boston Baptist Social L'nion in 1882. Mr. Munroe 
was married Nov. 22, 1871, to Sarah D. Whiting, a 
native of Salem ; they have one daughter, Helen 
W. Munroe. 

MukPHN-, Francis Charles, M.l)., son of the late 
Dr. Joseph Murphy, of Taunton, Mass., was born in 



that city Dec. 23, 1864. He was educated in iIk 
Taunton schools and .'Academy, and entcriui,' St. 
Mary's College, Montreal, graduated therefrom in 
1879. Then he took the cour.se in the Har\aril 
Medical School, graduating M.D. in 1884. .'\ftL-r 
serving two years in the Boston City Hospital, he 
began private practice in this city, where he h.i-, 
since remained. He is a member of the M.is^i 
chnsetts Medical Society and of the City Hi is] mil 
Club. He is unmarried. 

MuRFHV, James R., was born in Boston July 29, 
1853. He was educated in Boston College and 
(Georgetown University, D.C., graduating from the 
latter in 1872. He was then for three years in- 
structor in Latin in Loyola College at Baltimore, 
Md., and in Seton Hall, New Jersey. In the nuMii 
time he read law privately, and in 1875 entered ili' 
law office of Judge J. G. .Abbott, in Boston, takiii- 
also a course in the Boston Uni\ersit\' Law School. 
From the latter he graduated l.L.l!. in 1876. He 
was admitted to the Suffolk bar at the close of the 
same year, and has practised alone ever since. He 
is in general practice, and his clientage is composeil 




JAMES R. MURPHY. 

largely of building contractors. He was counsel in 
the Frye murder case, the F"lorence-street murder 
( ase, in the first important case tried under the 
new l^mployers' Liability .Act, and in many 'other 
important cases. In politics he is Democratic, in- 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY 



(lc|icndent in local affairs. In religion he is a Cath- 
olic . and has been instrumental in the organization 
ol \iHing men's Catholic associations. He is a 
inrinl)er of the Catholic Union, the Royal Arcanum, 
.nil I the Order of United Workmen. Mr. Murphy 
uMs married in Baltimore to Mary, daughter of 
( i; I iii^e B. Randall ; she died leaving two children, 
(intrude and Mary R. Murphy. 



N 



M'HEN, Henry F., was born in Ireland Aug. 14, 

1852, coming to this country with his parents 

n an infant. He received his education in the 




HENRY F. NAPHEN. 

public schools, under a private tutor, in Harvard 
College, and in the Boston University Law School. 
He obtained the degree of Bachelor of Laws from 
Harvard University, and subsequently took a course 
there as resident Bachelor of Laws. In 1880 he 
was admitted to the Suffolk bar, and has since prac- 
tised his profession in Boston. In 1882 he was 
elected a member of the Boston school committee 
for the term of three years, and in 1883 was ap- 
pointed a bail commissioner for Suffolk county by 
the justices of the Superior Court, which office he 
still holds. In 1885 and 1886 he represented the 
Fifth Suffolk District in the State senate, in the for- 
mer year, on account of his election to the sen- 
ate, declining to be a candidate for a second 
term on the school committee. During his term in 



the upper branch of the Legislature he served on 
several important committees. He framed and was 
instrumental in having passed the act against opium 
joints, by which the police of Boston were enabled 
to prosecute and abolish the large number of these 
places then in existence in the city. It was first 
contended that the act was unconstitutional, but 
it has stood the test. He was a member of the 
joint special committee to investigate the repairs on 
the State House. He also took an active part in 
advocating the passage of the resolve in favor of 
the abolition of the poll tax as a prerequisite for 
voting, and endeavored to secure the passage of an 
act by which truant children should be separated 
from the other inmates of the penal reformatories, 
and a manual training provided for juvenile offend- 
ers during their imprisonment. He opposed the 
metropolitan police bill ; introduced a measure em- 
powering all courts of record to grant naturaliza- 
tion ; and opposed the introduction of the act 
" That no person hereafter naturalized in any court 
shall be entiried to register as a \'oter within thirty 
days of registration," contending that it was un- 
constitutional ; and subsequently the justices of the 
Supreme Court so decided. He was averse to, and 
worked against, the division of Hopedale and Bev- 
erly. He has served for three years as a member 
of the Democratic State committee, the last two 
years as a member at large ; and for a number of 
years he was a member of the Democratic city 
committee of Boston. He is president of the City 
Point Catholic Association, a member of the Chari- 
table Irish Society and of the Catholic LInion, vice- 
president of the Working Boys' Home, of which he 
was one of the original iniorpuratorN, c Icrk and a 
director of the St. Elizabetli's llospii 1], a memlier 
of the Orpheus Musical Soc icty, ^1 non-resident 
member of the Democratic Club of New York, and 
a member of several fraternal organizations. 

Nash, SiErHEN G., son of John and Abigail 
Ladd (Gordon) Nash, was born in New Hamp- 
ton, N.H., April 4, 1822. He was fitted for 
college at the institution in New Hampton, and en- 
tered Dartmouth at the age of sixteen, graduating 
in the celebrated class of 1842. For some time 
after leaving college he was engaged in teaching, 
first at New Hampton, where he taught the classics, 
and later as principal of the Noyes Academy, Frank- 
lin, N.H. While in the latter position he also studied 
law with Judge George W. Nesmith. Subsequently 
he came to Boston, and in 1846 was admitted to 
the Suffolk county bar. He continued in general 
practice here in Boston until he was appointed to 



3^2 



BOSTON OF TO-DAV. 



the bench of the Superior Court of Suffolk county 
upon its establishment in 1855, with a jurisdiction 
higher than the then existing Common Pleas. He 
was then thirty-three years of age. When this 
court and the Court of Common Pleas were merged 
in the present Superior Court — in 1859 — he ceased 




STEPHEN G. NASH. 

to be a judge, and resumed general practice in 
Boston, where he still has an office, with his resi- 
dence in Lynnfield. He is now the only sur\'ivor 
of the justices of the Superior Court of Suffolk 
county. Judge Nash was a member of the lower 
house of the Legislature in 1855. His business 
])ractice was relieved in 1859-60 by a year's 
travel in Europe, and by a shorter tour again in 
1883. He was married in Wakefield, in i860, to 
Mary, daughter of Edward and Betsey Upton ; 
their two sons, Arthur Upton and Gordon Nash, 
died in childhood. 

Neal, Alfred J., son of James P. Neal, a suc- 
cessful and substantial Boston builder for twenty-one 
years, was born in Boston July 10, 1859. The father 
was accidentally killed on the Boston & Albany Rail- 
road in 1880, and the son continued the business, 
taking Joseph H. Preble, who had been his father's 
foreman for a number of years, into partnership, 
and establishing the firm of Neal & Preble. Con- 
tracting for everything in the building line, they have 
done some of the heaviest work in the citv, as well 



as a vast amount of alteration work. They did 
much work on the Cotting and the Park Buildings, 
corner of Boylston street and Park square ; the 
Minot Building, Devonshire street ; the Fay Build- 
ing, Court street and Franklin avenue ; Phillips- 
estate Building, Tremont street ; Hamilton-place 
Building ; and C. A. Welsh's block in Walthara ; and 
extensive alterations on the Globe, .Adams, and other 
buildings. Mr. Neal is an active member of the 
Master Builders' Association and of the Charitable } 
Mechanic .Association. He was married in Boston | 
March 22, 1882, to Miss Nellie F. Greer. | 

I 
Needh.\m, D.-iNiEL, son of James and Lydia | 
(Breed) Needhaiii, was born in Salem, Mass., May , 
24, 1822. The branch of the Needham family to | 
which he belongs has for several generations con- i 
sistendy adhered to the doctrine and usages of the i 
Society of Friends. He was educated in a private ' 
school, at the high school in Salem, and the j 
friends' Boarding School, Providence, R.I. He \ 
studied law with David Roberts, and was admitted i 
to the Middlesex county bar in 1847. He liegan | 
the practice of law in Boston in company with j! 
Edmund Burke, of New Hampshire, and David | 
Roberts, of Salem, the firm name being Burkf, j 
Needham, & Roberts. This partnership continued I 
for several years. He was appointed national . 
bank examiner for Massachusetts in 187 1, and 
held that office until 1876. There were in his 
charge one hundred and eighty-five national banks, 
and all of these, with few exceptions, were in Massa- 
chusetts. During his term of office more official 
defalcations were brought to light than in the united 
terms of all the other national-bank examiners for 
the Commonwealth. Colonel Needham was on the 
staff of Governor Boutwell in 185 1-2; was chair- 
man of the Democratic State committee of Massa- 
chusetts, 1853-4; and organized the coalition 
movement which resulted in the election of Gover- 
nor Boutwell in 185 1. He removed to Vermont, 
and was a member of the lower house of the Legisla- 
ture of that State in 1857-8, and of the senate 1859- ■ 
63. Returning to Massachusetts he was elected to the 
lower house of the Legislature from Groton in 1867, 
and to the senate 1868-9. While in Vermont he 
was appointed Vermont commissioner to the Ham- 
burg International Exposition, 1863. He has been 
president of the Middlesex North Unitarian Associa- 
tion, and president of the Institute of Heredity since 
its organization ; president of the Groton Farmers' 
Club and master of the Grange ; president of the 
Middlesex County Milk Producer's Union ; presi- 
dent and founder of the Middlesex Club ; and 



BOSTON OF TO-DAV 



32,3 



trustee of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty 
to Animals. He was for years managing director 
of the Peterborough & Shirley Railroad, and in 
1847, in connection with the associate directors, 
made himself liable for the debts of the corporation. 
He made over all his property to the banks holding 
the endorsed paper. He ultimately paid every 
obligation, and perfected arrangements whereby he 
became reimbursed by the corporation. He is a 
director in the Boston Safe Deposit and Trust Co. ; 
for ten years was the owner and manager of the 
Montello Woollen and Grain Mills, Montello, Wis., 
the woollen mill having been built originally by him ; 
and has been a trustee of the Massachusetts Agri- 
cultural College from its organization. Colonel 
Needham was elected secretary of the New England 
Agricultural Society at its organization in 1865, and 
has since held that position. His zeal and abilities 
have been among the principal factors of the suc- 
cess of the society. It has held agricultural fairs in 
all the New England States, with full share of iwb- 
lic patronage and exceptional pecuniary success. 
At times responsible for the expenses incurred, he 
has skilfully conducted affairs so as to escape finan- 
cial loss. Mr. Needham has been a member of the 
school board and the town treasurer of Groton 
many years. Many of his public addresses have had 
a large circulation in newspaper and pamphlet form, 
notably one on the "National Bank" and one on 
the " Evolution of Labor." Colonel Needham was 
married in Groton July 15, 1842, to Caroline A., 
daughter of Benjamin and Caroline Hall, of Boston ; 
of this union were four children : Elleanor M., 
William C. H., James Ernest, and Effie Marion 
Needham. Mrs. Needham died June 30, 1878. 
On Oct. 6, 1880, he was married to Ellen M. 
Brigham, of Groton. She was the daughter of 
George D. and Mary J. Brigham ; they have had 
three children ; Marion Brigham, Alice Emily, and 
Daniel Needham. His son William C. H. died 
while a member of the senate of the State of ( )hio, 
in 1881. 

Newcomb, Eixur Allan Poe, architect, son ot 
Levi and Sarah .-Xnn (Ball) Newcomb, was born in 
Boston in 1846. He was educated in the Boston 
public schools and the academy at Ogdensburg, 
N.Y. He began business with his father under the 
firm name of L. Newcomb & Son, and is now pur- 
suing his profession in his own office at No. 5 Pem- 
berton square. 

Newell, Otis Kimball, M.D., was born in Bos- 
ton Dec. 14, i860. He was educated in the pub- 



lic schools and by private tuition in this city, gradu- 
ating from the Harvard Medical School in 1882, 
and receiving the degree of M.D. He was house- 
officer at the Massachusetts General Hospital a year 
and a half, at the end of which time he went abroad 
for one year, completing his medical course at 
Vienna. He returned to Boston in 1884, where he 
has since remained in the practice of his profession. 
In 1884 he was appointed to the anatomical depart- 
ment of the Harvard Medical School, which posi- 
tion he held five years, and soon afterward surgeon 
to out-patients of the Massachusetts General Hos- 
pital, — an office which he still holds. He was chair- 
man of the overseers of the poor, and is one of the 
board of managers of the farm school. He is a 
member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, of 
the Boston Society for Medical Improvement, and 
of the Boston Society for Medical Observation, and 
is secretary of the Boston Society of Medical 
Sciences, and the senior member of the committee 
of arrangements of the State Medical Society of 
Massachusetts. In April, 1891, he was appointed 
by Mayor Matthews commissioner of public institu- 
tions, which position he held until the spring of 




OTIS K. NEWELL. 



ncrous articles 
has translated 



i8q2. Dr. Newell has contributed 11 

to the various medical journals, an 

several German monographs. He introduced into 

this country the examination of the body cavities 

by means of the modern electric illuminating ap- 



.^^4 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



paratus. Dr. Newell has always been interested in and have the entire management of a number of 
public affairs, and is a close student of political estates. Their business in relation to investments 
economy. 



Newton, E. Bertram, was born in Roxbury Jan. 
26,1861. He was educated in the English High 
School of Boston. He began business life in 1879 
as a clerk with the Delaware Mutual Marine In- 
surance Company, working his way up to the posi- 
tion of head clerk. He remained with this company 
until 1888, when he joined his brother, John F., 




E BERTRAM NEWTON 

in the real-estate busmess m this cit\ , and the firm 
of John F. Newton, ir., «S: ]5ro. was established. 

New-ton, John F., jr., was born in Roxbury 
Aug. I, 1858. He was educated in the Roxbury 
High School. He began his business career in the 
wholesale leather-trade, being associated with the 
house of Ariel Low & Co. from 1876 to 1881, 
and with the assignee of Shaw Brothers for two 
years. Shortly after he entered the real-estate 
business, pursuing it alone for six years ; then, in 
1888, his brother, E. Bertram Newton, joined him, 
and the real-estate firm of John F. Newton, jr., & 
Bro. was established, with offices in Roxbury and in 
the Advertiser Building, Boston. Subsequently, in 
1 89 1, they moved to the new Ames Building. They 
operate not only in Roxbury, but do a general real- 
estate and mortgage business in the city proper. 



':^ 




in Chicago property and leaseholds is represented 
there by the firm of Messrs. James I.. Waller & Co., 
and practically, therefore, they have an office also 
in that city. Mr. Newton is a trustee of the Eliot 
Five Cent Savings Bank. He is connected with the 
Masonic order, a member of the Lodge Chapter 
and Commandery. He resides in the Elm Hill 
district. 

N1CH015, Charles Fessenden, M.D., son of 
Charles Saunders Nichols, of Salem, Mass., was born 
in that city Feb. 20, 1846. His early education 
was acquired in the English and Latin High, 
and in Oliver Carlton's Private School in Salem, 
and then he studied with a tutor in Germany 
two years (1864 to 1866). Returning, he took 
the medical course at Harvard, and was gradu- 
ated in 1870. Having served eight months as 
house-physician at Carney Hospital, he pursued his 
studies in homoeopathy with the Wesselhoefts, of 
Boston. In 1872 he was invited by Chief Justice 
Allen, of the Hawaiian Islands, to accompany him 
to Honolulu, the chief justice being anxious to test 
the treatment of homoeopathy in diseases prevailing 
in the islands. The method was thus introduced 
there, and was so successful in controlling leprosy 
and other diseases that the members of the royal 





0'-LaA'(//'y 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



325 



family became patients of Dr. Nichols, while ho- 
niiuopathy was rigorously advocated by the mis- 
sionaries, who were chiefly influential in leading the 
natives to its adoption. During his practice at 
the islands Dr. Nichols resided in the family of the 
present queen. On returning to Boston in 1874 
he was associated with Dr. W. P. Wesselhoeft, and 
was also made editor of the " New lingland Medical 
(iazette." In 1882 he began practice alone, but 
shortly afterwards Dr. E. S. Simpson, of Boston, 
became his professional assistant, and this relation 
has since continued. He has been a member of 
tlie American Institute of Homceopathy, of the 
Massachusetts, the Boston, and the International 
1 lomreopathic Medical Soiictics, and theOrganon 
Sni iety. His published papers im liulc "(Quantum 

orni/iiiL; lii^ inana/ine artii ll■^ ; " Notes on Hahne- 
mann ami Madame Hahnemann ; " and later papers 
ill \aIinu^ medii al journals, in "Popular Science 
^ew^ " and " Si ience." An article on "The Koch 
Controversy," ni the " .Science News " of April, 
1 89 1, created wide interest at the time of its pub- 
lication. Its claim for the prediscovery, by the 
homoeopathic school, of Koch's method of treat- 
ment for tuberculous disease was enforced by a 
strong argument for the scientific training and 
status of the homceopathists. Dr. Nichols was 
in 1 89 1 made a member of the editorial staff of 
" Science." One of his late papers in that magazine 
was an attack upon "Christian Science," the "Faith 
Cure," etc. Dr. Nichols was married May 7, 1884, 
to Grace Belle, daughter of the late James S. Hous- 
ton, of Boston. 

Noble, John, clerk of the Supreme Judicial Court, 
was born in Dover, N.H., April 14, 1829. After 
attending the public schools in his native place, he 
fitted for college in the Rochester and Phillips 
Exeter Academies. He entered Harvard College, 
graduating in the class of 1850. He was usher and 
sub-master in the Boston Latin School from 1850 to 
1856, and entering the Harvard Law School in the 
latter year, graduated in 1858, receiving the degree 
of LL.B. Mr. Noble then began the practice of 
law in lltistun, which he pursued successfully until 
1875, when he was appointed clerk of the Supreme 
Judicial Court, and subsequently was chosen by the 
people at each successive election, retaining the 
office up to the present time. 

NoRCROSS, James A., was born in Winslow, Me., 
March 23, 1831. He early learned the trade of 
carpenter and builder, and with his brother, Orlando 



W., first pursued it in the eastern part of Massachu- 
setts, the two starting business together in Swamp- 
scott in 1864, under the firm name of Norcross 
Brothers. The association and its openings afforded 
nothing more than ordinary promise, but within a 
few years its work had become of the first impor- 
tance. In 1866 the Norcrosses were given the con- 
tract for building the Congregational church in 
Leicester, Mass., an undertaking of modest propor- 
tions. In 1867 Worcester had begun a marked 
stage of improvements, and the Norcross Brothers 
found here their opportunity. In the period be- 
tween 1868 and 1870 they built Crompton Block on 
Mechanic street, the First Universalist Church, and 
the Worcester High School building — the latter 
their first structure of like prominence and cost. A 
few seasons later they built the beautiful All Saints' 
Church in Worcester. It was their exceeding good- 
fortune to have been, on notable occasions, made 
associates with the late lamented architect, H. H. 
Richardson, in some of his best work ; and their 
work will stand with his for generations to come as 
most noteworthy. Their contracts, in many in- 
stances, are such as the skilful architect best loves, 
an all-including affair that gives the finished build- 
ing complete. To this end no small share of their 
skill has been devoted to securing workmen and 
machinery that give to the interiors their own im- 
press of perfection. Some of the carved wood-work 
from their shops has been the envy of connoisseurs. 
Among their notalile buildings may be mentioned 
the great Ames Building, lornerof Court and Wash- 
ington streets, the new State-street Exchange, the 
new Chamber of Commerce, the State House 
Extension, the Algonquin Club-house, the Latin 
and High School building, and Trinity Church, 
Boston ; the North Easton Town Hall ; the Crane 
Memorial Library, (^iiuik \ ; ihr Cnion League Club- 
house, New York ; IliiN.iid College Cymnasium; 
LInion Theological Seminary, New York; Vermont 
LIniversity, Burlington, Vt. ; Durfee High School, 
Fall River ; Cheney Block, Hartford, Conn. ; Mar- 
shall Field Building, Chicago ; New York Life In- 
surance Building, Omaha, Neb. ; New York Life 
Building, Kansas City, Mo. ; new passenger-stations 
on the Boston & Albany, Old Colony, and other 
railroads. These are a few of the most prominent 
among many. Among the private residences which 
they have built in Boston are those of Oliver Ames, 
C. A. Whittier, John F. Andrew, and C. C. Con- 
verse. Tliev also built the Ames Memorial Monu- 
ment at Slieiiiiiii. \\\oming Territory, situated on 
the highest ele\atioii of the Rocky Mountains which 
is crossed by the L'nion Pacific Railroad, command- 



326 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



ing an extensive view from this road. It has medal- 
lions of Oakes A. and Oliver Ames on either side, 
cut on the solid stone, sixteen times life-size. James 
A. Norcross takes a lively interest in the affairs of 
the day, and is a strict and consistent friend of 
temperance. He was a member of the city council 
of Worcester in 1877. Though residing in Worces- 
ter, he is a member of the Master Builders' Associa- 
tion and the Mechanics' Exchange of Boston. The 
main office and plant of the Norcross Brothers are 
in Worcester, but they have a larger branch estab- 
lishment and yard on Huntington avenue, Boston. 

Norcross, John Henry, son of John and Eleanor 
(Estabrook) Norcross, was born in Lincoln, Mass., 
Oct. 29, 1 84 1. He was educated in the district 
school in East Lexington and the high school in 
Lexington. He began work at the age of fifteen, in 
a dry-goods store in Lexington. Subsequently he 
was in the same business in Medford and in Ports- 
mouth, N.H. Then, in 1863, he entered the well- 
known Boston house of Lewis Coleman & Co., and 
five years after was admitted to partnership. In 
1883, after a prosperous career there, he retired 
from the firm, and the following year, with William 
H. Brine, purchased the business of John Harrington 
& Co. and established the firm of Brine & Nor- 
cross. The business thus acquired was enlarged 
and extended, two other stores in different parts of 
the city were soon opened, and branch houses 
started in Springfield, Mass., and Manchester, N.H. 
Mr. Norcross has for many years resided in Med- 
ford, where he has been identified with- numerous 
movements for the improvement and welfare of the 
town. He has served as selectman, overseer of the 
poor, surveyor of highways, water sinking-fund com- 
missioner, and auditor. He was for twelve years in 
succession a member of the Republican town com- 
mittee, and when a candidate for the lower house of 
the Legislature in 1888 he received the Democratic 
vote as well as that of his own party. He is a 
trustee of several Masonic bodies, trustee of the 
Medford Savings Bank, and vice-president and 
trustee of the Medford Cooperative Bank. On June 
6, 1866, Mr. Norcross was married in Medford to 
Miss Cynthia J. White ; they have had four chil- 
dren : Charles Merrill, Edith Gertrude, Eleanor 
Josephine, and Theodore White Norcross. 

Norcross, Oriando W., was born in Clinton, Me., 
Oct. 25, 1839. Through early self-dependence he 
found his way to the calling of carpenter and 
builder, and in 1864 joined his brother, James A., 
in the firm of Norcross Brothers, their operations 



beginning in Swampscott, Mass., and subsequently 
extending to ^^'orcester, Boston, New York, and 
Western cities. At the outbreak of the Civil War he 
enlisted in the Fourteenth Massachusetts Infantry, 
which became the First Massachusetts Heavy Artil- 
lery, and was in the service for three years. He was 
a member of the notable commission sent to inves- 
tigate the condition of the Federal Building, Post- 
office, and United States courts at Chicago, a most 
difficult and delicate task, which will long be remem- 
bered in building annals, with the fact that no sug- 
gestion or finding of this commission has failed to 
be sustained by subsequent events. Mr. Norcross 
resides in Worcester, and like his brother takes an 
active interest in local affairs and the tem])er- 
ance cause. He is a member of the Boston Master 
Builders' Association, and of the Mechanics' Ex- 
change. [For notes on the character of the work 
of the Norcross Brothers, and a list of some of their 
more important buildings, see sketch of James A. 
Norcross.] 

NoRRis, Albert Lank, M.D., son of Cireenleaf R. 
and Lucinda (Lane) Norris, was born in Epping, 
N.H., March 4, 1839. He was educated in the local 
schools, Chester and Exeter .\caderaies, graduating 
from the latter in 1859. He came to Boston in 
i860, and for two years was engaged in business. 
Then he entered the Har\-ard Medical School. In 
1863 he was appointed assistant surgeon U.S.A., 
and was for a time connected with the hospital in 
Philadelphia. He remained in the government ser- 
vice until the close of the war, and returned to Cam- 
bridge in 1867. In 1869 and 1870 he went abroad 
and studied with a number of eminent European 
authorities. Returning, he resumed practice in 
Cambridge in 1870, and has since remained there. 
He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical 
Society, the Cambridge Medical Improvement Asso- 
ciation, the American Medical .Association, the 
Boston Society for Medical Observation, and the 
Gynaecological Society of Boston. He is also an 
honorary member of the British Medical Associa- 
tion. He is prominently identified with the Ma- 
sonic and Odd Fellows orders, and is a member of 
the Colonial, Cambridge, and New Hampshire 
Clubs. For five years he was a member of the 
Cambridge school committee. Dr. Norris was 
married in 1873 to Clara E., daughter of Dr. J. L. 
Perley, of Laconia, N.H. ; they have three children : 
Albert Perley, Clara Maud, and Clrace May Norris. 

North, Charles H., son of Charles P. and 
Lydia (Kendall) North, was born in Thomasville, 




(_jW.^^(^^:^i-Oz£y) 




^>^^/6C^ 



BOSTON OF TO-DAV. 



r-1 



Ga., April 8, 1832. He is descended from John 
North, who came to Boston in the "Susan and 
Ellen " in 1635, at the age of twenty, and settled in 
Farmington, Conn. His father was a native of 
West Windsor, Vt., to which place his grandfather 
had early moved from Farmington. When Charles 
H. was born the family were living in the South, 
where his father was established in business. When 
the war broke out they were living in Covington, 
Ky., and the elder North enlisted in an Ohio regi- 
ment. While serving as a captain he was killed, at 
the battle of Shiloh. Charles H. was brought up in 
the North, coming to live in his grandfather Ken- 
dall's family, in West Windsor, when a child of 
four. He attended the local schools there until he 
reached fourteen, and the next four years were 
devoted to farming. Then, at the age of eighteen, 
he came to Waltham, Mass., and was employed in 
a bakery. A year later he entered French's 
Academy and took the regular course. Then he 
entered the employ of another baker, and was 
engaged for some time as driver of the bakery 
wagon. When he reached his majority he came 
to Boston, and here was employed in the Quincy 
Market, by John P. Squire, at twelve dollars a month. 
The next year he started in business for himself, 
leasing stall No. 29 in the same market, for the 
sale of pork. His trade steadily increasing, he soon 
enlarged his quarters by adding the next stall, buy- 
ing out the lessee ; and not long after, still more 
space being required, he took the store on North 
Market street which he occupied until his retire- 
ment from the business. In 1867 he formed a 
partnership with John N. Merriam, S. Henry 
Skilton, and Newman E. Conant, and the killing 
of hogs being added to the business, a great slaugh- 
tering and packing house was established in Somer- 
ville. In 1872 Mr. North bought out Mr. Merriam's 
interest, and ten years after bought out that of Mr. 
Conant; and thereafter, until 1890, the firm con- 
sisted only of himself and Mr. Skilton. In January 
of the latter year the partnership ceased, and the 
" North Packing Provision Company," a corpora- 
tion, succeeded to the business, with Mr. North as 
general manager and Mr. Skilton as assistant 
manager. Early in 1891 Mr. North retired and 
has since been engaged in real-estate and invest- 
ment securities, with offices in the Ames Building. 
In September, that year, he went to Lincoln, Neb., 
where he purchased a large amount of the stock of 
the " Nebraska Stock Yards Company," incorpo- 
rated under the laws of Nebraska, with a capital of 
one million dollars, whose property consists of over 
one thousand acres of land, two brick packing-houses 



and other buildings. Subsequently Mr. North in- 
creased his holdings of this stock, and his interests 
are now centred in Lincoln. Mr. North was 
married Sept. 24, 1856, to Jane, daughter of Micah 
N. Lincoln, of West Windsor, Vt. ; they have had 
eight children: Wayne H., Charles L., Jennie, 
Mark N., George, Onata, Frederick K., and Harry 
I. North. 

Norton, William A., was born in Keene, N.H., 
April 2, 1824. He came to Boston in March, 
1843, and in 1850 he began work on bridges 




WILLIAM A. NORTON. 

and foundations. In 1856 he undertook the busi- 
ness of contracting for such work, and in 1859 
formed a copartnership with William A. Kendrick, 
with whom he had occasionally been associated. 
In 1865 he sold his interest in this firm, and in the 
autumn entered into partnership with John Harris 
in the work of pile-driving. Four years later he 
bought Mr. Harris' interest, and has since continued 
the business alone. Mr. Norton assisted in work 
on the Federal-street bridge in 1855, put the top 
on the first and second bridge across the Boston & 
.■\lbany Railroad, and built a number of other 
bridges. In the Back Bay Improvement his work 
began in Marlborough street, and ultimately he 
drove piles in Beacon street. Commonwealth avenue, 
Newbury street, and every cross street, doing more 
than any other one man in making the foundation 



32b 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



secure for building in this section. The Pierce 
Building, the Brunswick, the Victoria, the Kensing- 
ton, Trinity Church, the .Athletic Club Building, 
Hotel Royal, and other large buildings stand on his 
foundations. Many large structures in South Boston 
and the Charlestown district also stand upon piles 
driven by him. In addition to this work he has built 
a large number of wharves, piers, and slips, among 
them the Hoosac Tunnel docks in the Charles- 
town district. He has in recent years established 
a "boom "at No. 285 Dorchester avenue. South 
Boston, and is largely engaged in furnishing spruce 
piles to others, as well as contracting work himself. 
He is a member of the Master Builders' and the 
Charitable Mechanic Associations. He is a resi- 
dent of AUston. Mr. Norton was married in Rox- 
bury July 14, 1847, to Miss Margaret W. Kendrick, 
sister of William A. Kendrick ; they have had six 
children : the eldest son, Frank A., born in 1848, is 
now assistant with his father ; the second son, Albert 
A., born in 1850, deceased at the age of twenty- 
eight, — killed while running an engine at the high 
school; third, Harry Irving, born 1857, deceased 
1859 ; the eldest daughter is C. Gertrude, and the 
others Geo. W. K. and Maude F. Norton. 

NiiM-, Dwiii W.. wMs born in Norway, Me., 



1866, and coming to Boston, both entered the 
wholesale house of Jordan, Marsh, cS: Co., wherL- 
they spent seven years, and gained a thorough 
knowledge of the wholesale, retail, and importing 
business. Then in March, 1873, under the firm 
name of Noyes Brothers, they opened a small retail 
store at No. 51 West street. This soon becoming 
too small for their rapidly increasing business, they 
opened a branch in Cambridge, another in Provi- 
dence, R.I., and secured the entire building at the 
corner of Washington and Summer streets, their 
present quarters. They manufacture largely their 
own goods, and each season the principal foreign 
markets are visited for novelties in their line, for 
ladies', men's, and children's wear. In February, 
1883, Charles C. Noyes died, and since that time 
David W. has been alone in the management of the 
extensive business. He completed in 189 1 a new 
factory in Watertown, where one hundred hands 
are employed in the dift'erent branches of the manu- 
facturing and laundry works of the house. Mr. 
Noyes has also owned a controlling interest in the 
Elm City Shirt Company, of New Haven, Conn., 
and has been its president for six years. The 
name of Noyes Brothers is prominent among 
those who contribute to the interests and charities 
of Boston. 




and was educated ii 
beautiful old town, 



the town school. Leaving that 
ivith his brother Charles C, in 



XucENT, James H., was born in Boston Nov. i, 
1 83 1. He began active life as a house and fresco 
jia inter, early building up a large and prosperous 
business. When the Civil War broke out he en- 
listed in Company D, First Regiment Massachu- 
setts Volunteers, and served with distinction on the 
battle-field until honorably discharged for disability ; 
then he reenlisted in the Veteran Reserve Corps, 
and served in that arm of the service until the 
close of the war. Returning to civil life he re- 
sumed his business of house, sign, fresco, and all 
kinds of decorative painting, which he has con- 
tinued successfully ever since. Moving into Ward 
19, in the Roxbury district, he took an active part 
in local affairs. He became a Republican leader 
in the ward, a member of the ward committee, and 
sul)sequently its chairman. He was first elected to 
the common council, where he was placed on the 
soldiers' monument and other important commit- 
tees ; then in 1878 and 1879 he was elected to the 
lower house of the Legislature, where he served on 
the committees on military affairs and the State 
House: and in 1884 he was elected an alderman 
on the general-ticket system, and reelected the 
following year under the aldermanic-district system. 
He served on all the important committees, and as 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



329 



chairman of several. In 1889-90 he was superin- 
tendent of bridges, appointed by Mayor Hart. At 
the municipal election of 1891 he was the Repub- 
lican candidate for street commissioner, and ran 
ahead of his ticket several thousand votes. His 
taste for military life has continued since the war. 
He was for some time lieutenant in Company C, 
Ninth Regiment Massachusetts Militia, and is now 
(|uartermaster. He is a member of the Ro.xbury 
Military Association ; of Charles Russell Lowell Post 
7, G.A.R. ; of Chickering Lodge, No. 856, Knights 
of Honor ; and of the Market Men's, the Republi- 
can, and the Hawthorne Clubs. 



OAKES, A\'iLLiAM H., was born in Cohasset, 
Mass., Jan. 24, 1857. Members of the fam- 
il\' from which he sprang fought both in the Revolu- 
tionary War and in the War of 1 8 1 2 ; two of them 
were in the battle of Bunker Hill. His father died 
when he was a lad of seven years, and he came 
with his mother to Charlestown, where he has since 
resided. He was educated in the public schools. 
At the age of fourteen he went to work, entering 
the employ of Howard Day, at No. 37 Bromfield 
street. In 1885 he became assistant book-keeper 
for W. T. Van Nostrand & Co., and two years 
later began business for himself as a grocer at No. 
211 Main street, Charlestown district. He has 
long been interested in military affairs. For four 
years he commanded the Charlestown Cadets, and 
he is now major of the Fifth Regiment of Infantry, 
Second Brigade, Militia. He has taken a leading 
part in the affairs of his district. He was elected 
to the common council in 1887, 1888, and 1889, 
and served in the lower house of the Legislature of 
1891, when he was chairman of the committee on 
military affairs. He is a member of the Grocers' 
.Association, and is also a prominent Mason and 
Odd Fellow. 

O'Brien-, John B., sheriff of Suffolk county, was 
born in St. John, N.B., May 8, 1S44, but his 
parents removed with their fomily to this country 
when he was two years old. At the breaking out 
of the Civil War, when he was but seventeen years 
of age, he enlisted in the Twenty-fourth Massachu- 
setts Volunteers, under Colonel T. G. Stevenson, 
and served for three years. In the battle of Deep 
Run, Aug. 16, 1864, he was sorely wounded. .At 
the close of the war he returned to Boston, and 
entered the office of the sheriff of Suffolk county 
as a clerk. In 1872 he was appointed deputy 
sheriff, and in 188^ elected to the chief office, 



which position he now holds. Sheriff O'Brien has 
for ten years been president of the Home for 
Destitute Catholic Children. 

O'Keeke, MicRif:i. \V., M.l)., son of Daniel and 
Catherine (Wallace) O'Keefe, was born in Ireland 
September, 1848. He came to this country when a 
lad and attended public schools in Boston and Balti- 
more. Then he studied in Worcester and in the 
College of the Holy Cross. Afterwards he took the 
course of the Bellevue Medical College of New 
York city, from which he graduated in 1877. He 
at once began the practice of medicine, establish- 
ing himself in Chelsea. Two years later he 
removed to East Boston, where he has since 
continued in the enjoyment of a lucrative practice. 
He is a member of the Order of Foresters. He 
was married in 18S0 to Miss Persis, daughter of 
Charles M. Thompson. 

Oliver, Fitch Edwarh, M.l)., was born in Cam- 
bridge Nov. 25, 1819. He was educated at xAndo- 




FITCH E. OLIVER. 

ver and at Dartmouth College, graduating from the 
latter in the class of 1839. From Dartmouth he 
went to the Harvard Medical School, graduating in 

1843, and receiving his degree of M.D. He then 
went to Paris to complete his professional educa- 
tion, returning to Boston to begin his practice in 

1844. Dr. Oliver was instructor in the Harvard 



I 



330 



BOSTON OK TO-DAY. 



Medical School from i860 to 1870, and one of the 
visiting physicians to the City Hospital from 1864 
(the time of its establishment) to 1872. He is a 
member of the Massachusetts Medical Society and 
the Boston Society for Medical Improvement (of 
which he was secretary for a term of years), the 
Massachusetts Historical Society, and corresponding 
member of the Medico-Chirurgical Society of Glas- 
gow. In 1848, in connection with Dr. Morland, he 
translated Chomel's treatise on " General Pathology." 
From i860 to 1864 he was editor of the "Boston 
Medical and Surgical Journal." On July 17, 1866, 
he was married to Miss Susan Lawrence, daughter 
of Rev. Charles Mason, of Boston ; they have had 
six children, all of whom reside in Boston. 

Olmsiead, James Monroe, son of Rev. John W. 
Olmstead, D.D., late editor of " The Watchman," 
the leading Baptist paper in New England, was born 
in Framingham, Feb. 6, 1852. He attended the 
Roxbury Latin School, where he fitted for college, 
and entering Harvard, graduated in 1873. He then 
went abroad, and remained there two years, studying 
civil and commercial law both at Berlin and Heidel- 
berg. On his return he studied in the Boston Lhii- 
versity Law School, and with the present Chief 
Justice Field, then of the firm of Jewell, Field, & 
Shepard. He was admitted to the Suffolk bar in 
December, 1S77. He is now associated in practice 
with Hon. .\. E. Pillsbury, with ofiices at No. 244 
Washington street, the connection having been es- 
tablished six years ago. Mr. Olmstead is Republi- 
can in politics, and has been for two years president 
of the Republican city committee, and for five years 
a member of that body. He also represented Ward 
1 1 , the Back Bay ward, in the lower house of the 
Legislature, in 1891 and 1892, ser\'ing as chairman 
of the committee on election laws, a member of the 
committee on probate and insolvency (in 1891), and 
chairman of the committee on mercantile affairs (in 
1892). He is a member pf the Puritan, Algonquin, 
and Union Boat Clubs. 

()'Mear.a, Stephen, manager of the "Boston 
Journal," was born in Charlottetown, P.E.I., July 
26, 1854. His father was a native of Thurles, 
county Tipperary, Ire., and his mother of New- 
foundland, to which his father immigrated in 1833. 
When about ten years of age young O'Meara came 
with his parents to the United States, and, after 
a short residence in Braintree, the home was estab- 
lished in Charlestown. Here he obtained his gen- 
eral education in the Harvard Grammar School, 
from which he graduated in 1868 ; and the Charles- 



town High School, graduating in 1S72. The day 
after his graduation he became the Charlestown 
reporter for the " Boston Globe," and in October 
following he was given a position as reporter on the 
regular staff. He was an expert shorthand-writer, 
a quick, energetic news-gatherer, and he early dis- 
tinguished himself by his excellent work. In De- 
cember, 1874, he resigned his position on the 
" Globe " to accept that of shorthand reporter for 
the " Boston Journal." This was the beginning of 
his service on that paper, and his advance to the 
chief place has been through various grades of news- 
paper work. In May, 1879, after an experience of 
five years in legislative, city hall, news, law, and 
])olitical reporting, he was promoted to the office of 
city editor ; and two years later, upon the death of 
the veteran journalist, Stephen N. Stockwell, he be- 
came news editor, a position corresponding to that 
of managing editor in most newspaper offices. In 
June, 1 89 1, the late W. W. Clapp, who had long 
been the manager and responsible head of the 
paper, retired, and thereupon the chief direction of 
affiiirs was placed in Mr. O'Meara's hands, his title 
being general manager. Lender his management 
the "Journal " has been transformed from the folio 
to the quarto form, and its facilities greatly extendeil 
and improved. He was long the auditor of the New 
I'jigland Associated Press, and is now its treasurer 
and a member of the executive committee ; he is 
also secretary and treasurer of the Boston Daily 
Newspaper Association, a business organization of 
the Boston daily newspapers. Mr. O'Meara is a 
member of the Boston Press Club, its president from 
1886 to 1 888, his election each year being unani- 
mous ; he is a member of the Charlestown High 
School Association, in 1881 its vice-president, and 
afterwards for two years its president, delivering the 
annual oration before the organization in 1885 ; and 
he was the first instructor in phonography in the 
Boston Evening High School, occupying that posi- 
tion for four years. He is now serving as trustee of 
the Massachusetts State Library. In 1888 the hon- 
orary degree of Master of Arts was conferred upon 
him liy Dartmouth College. Mr. O'Meara was mar- 
ried .\ug. 5, 187S, to Miss Isabella M. S(|uire ; 
they have three children. 

O'Neil, Joseph Henrv, son of Patrick Henry and 
Mary O'Neil, was born in Fall River, Mass., March 
23, 1853. When he was quite a lad his parents 
came to Boston, where the boy's education was ob- 
tained in the public schools. After graduating he 
enteretl a printing-office, but after a short time he 
left this occupation, and learned the carpenter's 



BOSTON OF TO-DAV. 



33^ 



trade in the large shop of Jonas Fitth & Co. 
\Vhen a young man Mr. O'Neil took a prominent 
part in temperance movements, and in 1870 he 
assisted in the formation of the St. James Young 
Men's Catholic Total Abstinence Society, of which 
he was the president for many years. He was also 
one of the originators of the Catholic Total Absti- 
nence Union of Massachusetts, and accomplished 
much in the progress and development of this or- 
ganization. His public life began in 1874, when he 
was elected to the school committee, and also be- 



M'^. 



> 



^m' 




came a member of the Democratic city committee. 
With this latter body he has been identified for a 
number of years. From 1878 to 1882 he was in 
the lower house of the Legislature, and was again 
elected in 1884, during which service he was on a 
number of important committees, among them a 
special committee in iSSi appointed to revise the 
public statutes. In 1880 he was the president of 
the Democratic organization of the house. Mr. 
O'Neil has besides taken an active part in city poli- 
tics, being for five years a member of the board 
of directors of public institutions, eighteen months 
of which time he was its president. He was city 
clerk in 1887 and 1888. In the latter year he was 
elected to Congress from the Fourth Congressional 
District, and was reelected in the fall of 1890. 
During his first term he secured Castle Island from 
the government as a part of the public parks sys- 



tem of the city. He is president of the Meigs 
Elevated Street Railway Company; he has always 
taken an interest in this system, and it was largely 
through his efforts that the company secured a 
charter of incorporation in 1884. Mr. O'Neil was 
married on July i, 1S84, to Miss Mary Anastasia 
Ingoldsby ; they have one child, Joseph Henry 
O'Neil, jr. 

ORCurr, Frank E., son of William H. and Jane 
(Hobbs) Orcutt, was born in Cambridgeport, 
Mass., Oct. 10, 1842. He was educated in the 
public schools. After taking a business course in 
Eastman's College, Poughkeepsie, N.Y., he began 
work in Boston in a bookbindery. In June, 1862, 
when a youth of twenty, he enlisted in Company F, 
Thirty-eighth Massachusetts Volunteers, and went 
to the front. He served in Virginia and Maryland 
until the command was ordered to join the Banks 
expedition to the Department of the Gulf. In 
April, 1863, he was detailed for duty at General 
Banks' headquarters, serving in the ordnance and 
engineer departments until the close of the work of 
the expedition, meanwhile commissioned as lieu- 
tenant of engineers. He was then ordered on the 
Texas expedition, and did important duty on the 
Rio Grande. Subsequently he was in Mexico 
during the unhappy reign of Maximilian. Then he 
returned to the tiulf headquarters, where he served 
until February, 1865, when he was mustered out 
and returned home. He began business for himself 
here in the custom-clothing trade early in 1874 
(first under the firm name of Allen & Orcutt, and 
afterwards of Starrett & Orcutt), and continued 
in this branch until the spring of 1887, when he 
became financial manager of the Middleton paper- 
mill. In 1889 he was appointed by President Har- 
rison collector of internal revenue for this district. 
Captain Orcutt was one of the founders of the 
" Grand Army Record," published in Boston ; he is 
president of the Colorado Farm Loan Company, 
and of the Silver Light Gas Company; and a 
director of the Standard Coal Company. He is a 
prominent member of the Grand Army, the Masonic 
order, the Royal Arcanum, and the Order of Red 
Men. He resides in Melrose, where he has been 
town auditor for eighteen years. On May 17, 1865, 
he was married in New Britain, Conn., to Miss Lucy 
A. Rhodes ; they have had three children : Louise 
H., Frank M., and Mabel M. Orcutt (deceased). 

OsBORN, Fr-ANcis Augustus, Gen., eldest son of 
Augustus K. and Mary (Shove) Osborn, was born 
in Danvers, now Peabody, Mass., Sei)t. 22, 1833, 



II 



332 



BOSTON 



of ancestry dating in this country from 1645. He 
came to Boston in 1845, and was educated in tlie 
Boston Public Latin School, from which he gradu- 
ated in 1849. He first entered business with W. 
Ropes & Co., Russian merchants, acting as clerk 
with them for six years. He then went into the ship- 
chandlery business for himself, remaining therein 
for about five years. When the Civil War broke 
out he was an officer of the New England Cuards, 
and upon its organization into a battalion of two 
companies, he was commissioned captain of the 




FRANCIS A OSBORN. 

original company, April 19, 1861. The battalion 
was sent to Fort Independence to do garrison duty 
April 25, and remained there a month. On its 
return to the city, May 25, Maj. Thomas G. 
Stevenson of the battalion and Cajitain Osborn 
offered their services to Gov. John A. Andrew, and 
were soon after commissioned colonel and lieuten- 
ant-colonel respectively of the Twenty-fourth Mas- 
sachusetts Volunteers, the first service of which was 
in Burnside's expedition to North Carolina, taking 
part in the battles of Roanoke Island and Newbern, 
and several other engagements of less note. On 
Dec. 28, 1862, Lieutenant-Colonel Osborn was pro- 
moted to the colonelcy of the regiment. The regi- 
ment then went into the department of the South, 
and participated in the assault on Fort Warner and 
in the siege of Fort Wagner and Fort Sumter, doing 
regular duty in the trenches for several months. 



F TO-DAY. 

On Aug. 26, 1863, the regiment made, under com- 
mand of Colonel Osborn, an assault upon the 
enemy's rifle-pits in front of Fort Wagner and cap- 
tured them, taking prisoners nearly the whole force 
occupying them. This affair gave the regiment 
great credit, as the enemy, by holding these rifle- 
pits, which were in a strong position, had been able 
to check completely the advance of the engineering 
work against Fort ^Vagner. The work was at once 
resumed, and speedily resulted in the capture of 
that fort. The success of this assault was the more 
noteworthy, as three previous assaults upon these 
rifle-pits by other regiments had been repulsed. In 
the spring of 1864 the regiment was sent with the 
Army of the James to join the operations around 
Richmond and before Petersburg, and was there 
actively engaged during the summer and fall of 
1S64. During this service Colonel Osborn was 
slightly wounded in the neck by a spent ball. He 
was mustered out on Nov. 14, 1864, and, warmly 
recommended for brevet, was brevetted brigadier- 
general. Returning to Boston, he was for a time 
cashier of Blake Brothers & Co., bankers. He was 
appointed naval officer for the district of Boston 
and Charlestown March 19, 1867, and served two 
years. Leaving that office, he went into the stock- 
Ijrokerage business, having been previously elected 
a member of the Boston Stock Exchange. On Jan. 
I, 1874, he became treasurer of the Corbin Bank- 
ing Comi)any, of New York and Boston. In May, 
1883, he sold out his interest, and on June 30 re- 
signed as treasurer. In November, 1883, he organ- 
ized the Eastern Banking Company, becoming its 
president, which position he still holds. He has 
been a director of the Tremont National Bank 
since January, 1876. He was the original treasurer 
of the New England Mortgage Security Company, 
having been elected in April, 1875, but on June 14, 
1879, he resigned that office on account of pressing 
business ; he is still, however, a director. He 
served three years in the city council ( 1S67, 1868, 
i86g), and was department commander of the de- 
partment of Massachusetts, G.A.R., for the year 
1869. He was one of the original charter mem- 
bers of the Massachusetts Commandery of the Mili- 
tary Order of the Loyal Legion of the L'nited 
States, and was first commander of that command- 
ery, being succeeded by General Devens. He is 
trustee of various land associations ; has been inter- 
ested in real estate more than a score of years ; 
was a member of the first board of directors of the 
Real F^state Exchange and Auction Board, and its 
president from March, 1891, to March, 1892, when 
he declined reelection. He was one of those who 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



?>?,?> 



organized the Citizens' Association on Dec. 27, 

1S87, and was its first president, serving four years, 

and then declining reelection. He was appointed 

civil-service commissioner by Governor Robinson in 

June, 1886, and served three years as chairman of 

11 the board, but declined reappointment to office by 

'j Governor Ames for business reasons. He has been 

■ twice married : first to Miss Mary M. Mears, and 

of this union was born one daughter ; and second 

to Miss Emily T. Bouv6 ; of this union have been 

liorn four children, — two daughters and two sons. 

Osgood, HAi\riLTON, M.D., was born in Chelsea, 
July 7, 1839. He was graduated from the Chelsea 
High School, and ill health prevented his taking a 
university course. After travelling several years 
on account of his health he finished his education 
under private tutors in Europe and Boston. Grad- 
I uated M.D. from the Jefferson Medical College 
' at Philadelphia, he at once matriculated as stu- 
dent in the Harvard Medical School. After two 
sessions here he went abroad and studied his pro- 
fession during two years in Berlin, Vienna, Paris, 
and London, making a special study of the throat, 
lungs, and heart. Returning from Europe he spent 
five years in Philadelphia, on account of his wife's 
health, and became lecturer in the Jefferson Medical 
College there, and visiting physician to the German 
Hospital ; he was appointed to the medical staff of 
the Centennial Commission, and made examiner 
in two life-insurance companies. Dr. Osgood is a 
member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, and 
of the Boston Society for Medical Improvement. 
He is senior physician to the Hospital for Incura- 
bles in the Dorchester district, with which he has 
been connected from its infancy, having been in- 
strumental, together with the late Miss Harmon, in 
originating this institution. He has been a frequent 
contributor to the medical journals, and among his 
papers are : " Angina Pectoris," " Nitrite of Amyl 
in the Chill Stage of Malaria," " Misleading Car- 
diac Murmurs and Expiratory Auscultation of the 
Heart," " Inveterate Headache," " A Case of 
Acute Interstitial Nephritis, with Convulsions and 
Recovery," " Therapeutic Value of Suggestion dur- 
ing the Hypnotic State," and "The Outcome of 
Personal Experience in the Application of Hyp- 
notic Suggestion." Dr. Osgood has also written 
"A Biographical Sketch of Louis Pasteur," and is 
the author of " Winter and its Dangers." 

Osi;;ooD, Naihan C, son of Charles and Sarah 
E. Osgood, of Salem, Mass., was born in that city 
Aug. 24, 1857. His father was a highly educated 



and cultured man, and a portrait painter of merit. 
The early tuition of Nathan C. was received under 
the parental roof, and later he was sent to the 
public schools of Salem, finally graduating from the 
high school. Opportunities were suggested for 
a continuance of his studies, but his desire to enter 
into mercantile pursuits was too strong to allow 
him to prolong them. Although possessing artistic 
tastes, he did not inherit in any special degree his 
father's pronounced talent, and he longed for a 
busy life and something more in keeping with his 
active mind. He first entered the employ of 
G. F. Bouv6, sole-leather dealer (now head of the 
firm of Bouv^, Crawford, & Co.), where he remained 
until he became proficient in the business. Then, 
in 1884, he began business on his own account, 
establishing himself on High street, and in the 
name of N. C. Osgood. His specialty is inner- 
soling, and he is a representative commission-agent 
for tanners throughout the country. Mr. Osgood 
votes the Republican ticket, but beyond this is in 
no way a politician, as all his time is needed for 
his mercantile pursuits. He was married in 1886 
to Eliza .Stevens, daughter of Hon. William S. 
Stevens, of Dover, N.H. ; they have one daughter. 

Osgood, William N., son of George Newton and 
Miner\-a ( Hayward ) Osgood, was born in Lowell, 
Mass., June 11, 1855. He was educated in the 
Lowell public schools and at Amherst College, 
where he graduated in the class of 1878. Then 
he took the course of the Boston University Law 
School, and in 1880 was admitted to the bar. He 
began practice in Lowell, but in 1885 removed to 
Boston, where he has since remained. While a 
resident of Lowell he served in the common council 
(1881 and 1882), president of that body during his 
second term ; on the school board ; as a member 
of the water board (1882) ; and as a trustee of the 
public library. In politics he is a Democrat, and 
has been the candidate of his party for secretary of 
the Commonwealth; in the election of 1888 he re- 
ceived the largest vote ever cast for a Democratic 
candidate for that office. On Jan. i, 1884, 
Mr. Osgood was married, in Tewksbury, to Miss 
Harriet L. Palmer. 

O'Shea, Edward Flavian, M.D., son of John A. 
and Ellen (Morris) O'Shea, was born in Milford, 
Mass., Nov. 29, 1863. He was educated in the 
local schools and at St. Joseph's College, Buffalo, 
N.Y. He began the study of medicine under Dr. 
Kittenger, of Lockport, N.Y., and then, in 1887, 
entered the Harvard Medical School, graduating 



334 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



therefrom in 1S90. He obtained the means to ])nr- 
sue his meilicai studies bv workin" in the shoe- 




EDWARD F. OSHEA. 

shops of his native town. Immediately after his 
graduation from the Medical School he began prac- 
tice in East Boston. He is a member of the Massa- 
chusetts Medical Society. 

O'Shea, F.vrRicK, suiierintendent of the lam]) ile- 
partment of Boston, was born in Cork, Ire., May 
13, 1856, and came to Boston with his parents at 
the age of two years. They removed to Easton, 
where his boyhood was passed and his early educa- 
tion received. He afterwards attended school at 
West Dudley, returning to Boston in 1870. Then 
he entered the employ of Tileston & Hollingsworth, 
paper manufacturers, where he remained for over 
fifteen years, learning the business in its various 
branches. Mr. O'Shea early became interested in 
politics, and during the past seven years he has 
served on the Democratic ward committee, of which 
for three years he was chairman. He was appointed 
to his present position by Mayor Matthews in 1891. 

Otis, Altiert Bovu, son of Samuel and l-^liza 
(Nickerson) Otis, was born in Belfast, Me., June 
24, 1839. His education was obtained in the 
schools of his native city and in Tufts College, at 
which institution he was graduated in 1863. He 
began the study of law in the office of Hon. Nehe- 



miah Al)l)Ott, of Belfast, Me., and entering the Har- 
vard Law School was graduated therefrom in 1866. 
( )n motion of Governor Andrew he was admitted to 
the Suffolk bar in 1867, and began the practice of 
his profession in Oovernor Andrew's office. Later 
he formed a partnership with John F. Andrew, 
which continues at the present time. He has been 
remarkably successful in his practice, and his name 
is widely and favorably known. In politics he was 
formerly an ardent Republican, but since 1884 he 
has identified himself with the Indeiiendents. 



pACKAKl), H<.k\(i:, M.I)., son of the late John 
A Harris Packard, of \\'est Bridgewater, Mass., 
was born in that town Aug. 9, 1855. He was edu- 
cated in the Bn'dgewater Academy and the State 
Normal School, and graduated from the Boston 
University School of Medicine M.D. in 1880. 
Then he went abroad, spending a year in study in 
Vienna, London, and Berlin. Returning to Boston 
he has since practised his profession in this city. 
He served one year as interne to the Massachusetts 
Homoeopathic Hospital, and was later appointed 
surgeon, which position he now holds. He is also 
asM» i.ilc iniifcssor of surgery in the Boston Uni- 
verMiN M(ili. :il School. He is a member of the 
Ma^s.K husetts Homteopathic Medical Society, the 
Boston Homceopathic Medical Society (of which 
he is ex-president), and the American Institute of 
Homoiopathy. Dr. Packard has now relinquished 
general practice, devoting his entire time to surgery. 
He has introduced a number of new and improved 
surgical instruments. His contributions to the medi- 
cal press include papers on abdominal surgery, 
appendicitis, antiseptic surgery, anresthesia, etc. 
Dr. Packard was married Oct. 31, 1884, to Miss 
Mary A., daughter of George K. Hooper, of Boston. 

Paiik, Charles P^dward, M.D., son of John Cal- 
vin and Fanny (Gould) Page, was born in Nor- 
ridgewock. Me., Feb. 23, 1840. He was educated 
in the local schools, finishing at the Eaton .\cademy 
of Norridgewock. After leaving school he taught 
awhile in Anson and Madison, Me., meanwhile 
taking up the study of hygiene. 'I'hen he entered 
the manufacturing business, but soon withdrew from 
it and resumed his studies. These were again in- 
terrupted by the Civil War. In 1862 he joined the 
Thirteenth Massachusetts Volunteers and went to 
the front. After being severely wounded at Fred- 
ericksburg he was made lieutenant in the Fourth 
Regiment. He was then assigned to the Depart- 
ment of the Gulf as assistant superintendent of 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



335 



negro labor, and stationed at Brazier City, La. 
Here he liad cViarsre of all contrabands who came 




CHARLES E. PAGE. 

li.ick from (leneral Banks' raid, and saw that all 
were properly fed, clothed, and transported. At 
length he was taken prisoner and held within the 
Confederate lines for thirteen months, when he was 
exchanged. His health failing, he resigned and re- 
turiKil Xorlh. Then he promptly resumed his 
nicdic al studies. In 1S79 he entered the Eclectic 
Medical College of the city of New York, gradu- 
ating in 1 88 1. The following year he published his 
first book " How to Treat the Baby." This was 
followed by " Natural Cure of Consumption," and 
" Horses, their Feed and their P'eet," a manual of 
horse hygiene. " Pneumonia and Typhoid Fever : 
a Study" is his latest iiublication. He has been a 
frequent contributor to the medical journals. In 
his practice he has given especial attention to the 
treatment of obesity and consumption. Dr. Page is 
a member of the Algonquin, Athletic, and Roxbury 
Clubs, and of John A. Andrew Post 15, G-.^.R. On 
Sept. 14, 1889, he was married to Miss Jane Day, 
daughter of James Adams of Castleton, Vt. ; they 
have two children : Margaret and Charles Edward 
Page, jr. 

Page, Edward, was born in Croton, Mass., Dec. 
4, 1826.- He received his early education in the 
public schools of his native town, and after graduat- 



ing from the Lawrence Acailemy (Groton) was 
engaged in general mechanical and business enter- 
prises (in Leominster) iq) to 1.S64, when he began 
the study of dentistry with Dr. T. S. Blood, of 
Fitchburg. He was one of the first class, of six 
members, to graduate from the Harvard Dental 
School, in the spring of 1869. A year later he 
graduated from the medical department. He has 
been in the practice of dentistry in Charlestown, 
where he now resides, from 1865 to the present 
time. He was the first president of the Harvard 
Alumni Association, treasurer of the Massachusetts 
Dental Society twenty years, secretary and treasurer 
of the Boston Society for Dental Improvement for 
eight years, and a member of the Harvard Dental 
School Association. He is also supreme leader of 
the Home Circle, and past commander of the 
.American Legion of Honor. 

Page, Frank Wilfred, M.D., was born in East 
Wilton, N.H., Aug. 24, 1S43. He was educated in 
Burlington, Vt., graduating from the University 
of Vermont in the class of 1864, receiving the 
degree of A.B., and that of A.M. in 1869. In 1866 
he graduated from the medical department, and 
pursued a course of studies in the College of 
Phys'c'ans and Surgeons in New York city. He 




FRANK W. PAGE. 



began the practice of his profession in St. Peter, 
Minn., and returning East settled in Brandon, Vt., 



336 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



where he followed medicine and surgery for eleven 
years. He then relinquished his private practice to 
accept the position of first assistant in the McLean 
Asylum for the Insane. Upon the retirement of the 
superintendent he was advanced to that position, 
which he held six months, when he resigned to 
accept the position of superintendent of the Adams 
Nervine Asylum. This he held until 1885, then 
declining a reelection. He is still one of the con- 
sulting physicians of this institution, and also of the 
Danvers Asylum for the Insane. He is also exam- 
ining surgeon for the Boston agency of the Travel- 
lers' Life Insurance Company. Dr. Page is a 
member of the Massachusetts Medical Society and 
of other organizations. He has contributed various 
articles to different medical journals, among them 
papers on " Thoracantisis," " Cerebral Abscess," 
" Permanency of the Rest Treatment," "A Bussey 
Bridge Accident Case," and " Liberty of the 
Insane." 

Pack, Gkkrge Hkkhert, proprietor of the Lang- 
ham Hotel, son of William R. and Juliette (Church- 
hill) Page, was born in Constantinople, Turkey, 
June 15, 1863, w-here his parents were at the time 
residing. His father was a native of Hallowell, 
Me., and his mother, of England. He was educated 
in French schools in Constantinople and Port Saiil, 
Egypt, two years at the former and three at 
the latter ; a German-boarding school at Jaffa, Pal- 
estine ; then, coming to the United States, in the 
Wiscasset, Me., public schools, and finishing at the 
Hallowell (Maine) Classical School. He began 
work in July, 1879, ^^ ^'i errand boy in Boston, for 
the wholesale hardware-house of B. Callender &: Co., 
and later was employed in the same capacity by 
Pierce, Tripp, & Co., mill supplies. Then he 
became book-keeper for the Tucum Manufacturiui; 
Company, and subsequently clerk in the Norfolk 
House, Roxbury district. He opened the I.angham 
Hotel, as proprietor, in December, 1SS8. 

Pai;|', \\'ashi!URN Eddv, D.M.D., son of Edward, 
M.l)., D.M.D., and Rebecca Jane Page, was born in 
Leominster, Mass., Aug. 2, 1853. In November, 
1865, his parents moved to Charlestown, where he 
graduated from the \\'arren Grammar School, class 
of 1870, and the Charlestown High School, class of 
1873. He entered the dental department of Har- 
vard University, graduating in the class of 1877 and 
receiving his degree of D.M.D. Then he began 
active practice, associating himself with his father. 
In November, 1881, he established himself in the 
Studio Building, on Tremont street, and in Decem- 



ber, 1 89 1, moved to his present office. No. 16 
Arlington street. He has held the offices of presi- 
dent, treasurer, and corresponding secretary of the 
Harvard Odontological Society, and is now a mem- 
ber of its executive committee. He is a member 
of the council, and the committee on dental school, 
and is serving his thirteenth year as treasurer of the 
Harvard Dental School Association. For several 
years he was secretary and a member of the 
executive committee of the Massachusetts Dental 
Society, and is now vice-president. He has held 
the office of president, and is now chairman of the 
executive committee of the New England Dental 
Society. He is past commander of Harmony Council, 
American Legion of Honor. He is an active member 
of the American Dental Association ; the Dental Pro- 
tective Association of the United States ; the Henry 
Price Lodge, Free Masons ; Howard Lodge, Odd 
Fellows ; the Odd Fellows Mutual Benefit Associa- 
tion ; Loyal Council ; Home Circle ; and South 
Boston Yacht Club ; and he has held positions of 




WASHBURN E. PAGE. 

trust in other corporations, societies, and < lubs. In 
January, 1883, he was married to Miss Adelia 
Cynthia Wait, of South Boston. 

Pace, Wksi.ev L., son of George G. Page, was 
born in Cambridge in 1852. He was educated in 
the Cambridge grammar and high schools, aiid when 
a lad of sixteen began work in his father's box-fac- 




tYiJ, /. r CUc^^JZ^ 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



337 



tory. In 1S74 he was admitted to the business as 
a junior partner, the firm name then being George 




G. Page &: Co. In 18S0 ill-health compelled the 
father to retire (he died Jan. 13, 1886), and the 
entire management of the factory and the business 
of the house fell into the hands of the two brothers, 
Ovando G. and Wesley L. Two years after Ovando 
died, and in March, 1883, the present corporation, 
under the name of the George G. Page Box Com- 
pany, was formed, with Wesley L. Page as president 
and general manager. The concern has become 
one of the largest of its kind in the country. It 
utilizes the entire product of five mills situated in 
Massachusetts and Maine, and part of the product 
of several others. The large brick building of the 
company stands on the site of the house in which 
Wesley L. Page was born. 

Paine, Charles Jackson, son of Charles Gushing 
and Fannie (Jackson) Paine, was born in Boston 
Aug. 26, 1833. He was educated in the Boston 
Latin School and Harvard College, from which he 
graduated in 1853. He studied law with Rufus 
Choate, and was admitted to the bar in 1866. He 
served in the Civil War, entering as captain of Com- 
pany I, Twenty-second Massachusetts Volunteers, 
and, passing through various grades, closed as brig- 
adier-general and brevet major-general. United 
States Volunteers. He has been director at differ- 



ent times in the Chicago, Burlington, & Quincy, the 
Mexican Central, and the Atchison, Topeka, & Santa 
V6 Railroads. He is widely known as the owner of 
the famous yachts " Mayflower" and " Volunteer. " 
He was also one of the syndicate who owned the 
" Puritan, " the first of the Boston " flyers." Gen- 
eral Paine was married in 1867 to Miss Julia 
Bryant ; they have seven children. 

Paine, Robert Treat, son of Charles Gushing 
and Fanny Cabot (Jackson) Paine, was born in 
Boston Oct. 28, 1835. His great-grandfather was 
one of the signers of the Declaration of Independ- 
ence. He received his early education in private 
and ])ublic schools of Boston, entering the Boston 
Latin School at ten and graduating at fifteen. In 
185 I he entered Harvard, and was graduated with 
honors in the class of 1855, among such distin- 
guished classmates as Bishop Phillips Brooks, Fran- 
cis C. Barlow, Alexander Agassiz, Theodore Lyman, 
and Frank B. Sanborn. After studying law at 
Harvard one year, he passed two years in Italy, 
Switzerland, Germany, France, and Spain. Return- 
ing to Boston in 185 8, he further pursued his law 
studies in the offices of Richard H. Dana and Fran- 
cis F. Parker one year, and in 1859 was admitted 
to the bar. He practised till 1870, when he re- 
tired from active business, intending to devote the 
remainder of his life to various benevolent enter- 
prises, one of the first of which was the building of 
Trinity Church, which took a large share of his time 
from 1872 to 1876, he being one of the sub-com- 
mittee of three who had charge of the work. He 
was chosen the first president of the Associated 
Charities upon its organization in 1878, and has 
held that position ever since. In 1879 he organ- 
ized the Wells Memorial Institute, the largest work- 
ingmen's club in the United States, and having now 
sixteen hundred members. He became its first 
president, which office he still retains, and raised 
the various subscriptions which have paid out over 
$90,000 for the memorial building. Mr. Paine's 
winter residence is at No. 6 Joy street, Boston, and 
his summer residence at Waltham. He represented 
\Valtham in the lower house of the Legislature in 
1884 ; has been a member of the vestry of Trinity 
Church, Boston, for fifteen years ; a member of the 
executive committee of the Episcopal City Mission, 
and also of the Society for the Suppression of Vice. 
He is one of the trustees of donations to the Prot- 
estant Episcopal Church ; is president of the Work- 
ingmen's Cooperative Bank, the Workingmen's 
Building Association, and the Congress of Working- 
men's Clubs ; and president of the " Robert Treat 



338 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Paine " corporation for the purpose of founding a 
Christian charity for promoting the spiritual, moral, 
and physical welfare of the working classes. Mr. 
Paine was a candidate for congressional honors in 
the Fifth Massachusetts District in 1884, as a "Mug- 
wump " and Democrat. He had been a Republi- 
can (and Free Soiler) until the nomination of Mr. 
Blaine. He is vice-president of the Children's Aid 
Society, of which his mother was one of the found- 
ers and a director as long as she lived. Starting in 
life with no money, his savings at the law were so 
judiciously invested in real estate and railroad and 
mining enterjjrises that at thirty-five years of age 
he gave up business with an independent fortune of 
his own making. In 1887 Mr. Paine gave Si 0,000 
to Harvard College to endow a fellowship for 
the study of " the ethical problems of society, the 
effects of legislation, governmental administration, 
and private philanthropy, to ameliorate the lot of 
the mass of mankind." This eminent philanthro- 
pist has done something more than theorize. Be- 
sides his twenty-five published pamphlets and 
addresses, all for the public weal, he has thrown 
himself and his wealth into the work of raising the 
unfortunate, improving the condition, and especially 
the homes, of the working classes, strengthening 
private morals and pulilic "law and order." Mr. 
Paine was married in Boston April 24, 1862, to 
Lydia Williams Lyman, daughter of George Williams 
and Anne ( Pratt) Lyman. Her father was the son of 
Theodore Lyman, a distinguished Boston merchant 
at the beginning of this century. Of this union are 
five children: Edith (Mrs. John H. Storer), Robert 
Treat, jr., Kthel Lyman, Ceorge Lyman, and Lydia 
Lyman Paine. 

Parkkk, Bowdoin SiRoxc, son of Alonzo and 
Caroline (Cunn) Parker, was born in Conway, 
Mass., Aug. 10, 1 84 1. Ten years later the family 
moved to Greenfield, and here he was educated in 
the public schools and by private tutors. Later he 
entered the Boston University and graduated from 
the law department with the degree of LL.D. He 
also studied law with Wendell Thornton Davis, of 
Cireenfield, and with Col. Thomas William Clarke, 
of Boston, and was admitted to the Suffolk bar 
in 1875. Subsequently he was admitted to the 
bar of the United States Circuit Court and the 
United States Court of Appeals. Prior to 1880 he 
was largely engaged in manufacturing on his own 
account, and also as treasurer and general mana- 
ger of manufacturing corporations; but since that 
date he has devoted himself entirely to his pro- 
fession, meeting with marked success, especially 



in the branches of patent and trade-mark law 
and in equity causes, having been connected with 
many important cases in the United States courts 
in this and other States. He has also had an ex- 
tended and important military career. He joined j 
the army in 1862, as a private in the Fifty-second 
Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, and served his full 
term of enlistment, taking part in the several battles 
in which his regiment was engaged, including the 
assault, siege, and capture of Port Hudson under 
(leneral Banks, in the Department of the Gulf. 
After the war he entered the Massachusetts Vol- 
unteer Militia as a member of Company A, Second 
Regiment of Infantry, and was captain of that com- 
pany in 1870 and 1871. LIpon the reorganization 
of the regiment, in 1879, he was commissioned ad- 
jutant, and served in that position until 1884, when 
he was promoted to captain and judge-advocate of 
the First Brigade upon the staff of Gen. Nat Wales. 
I'his position he held until 1889, when, on January 
23, he was promoted to assistant adjutant-general 
and chief of staff of the brigade, with rank of lieu- 
tenant-colonel, — a position he still holds. Colonel 
Parker served in the common council from Ward 10 
three years, 1889, 1890, 1891 i and in 1892 he was 
a member of the lower house of the Legislature from 
the Tenth Suffolk District. In civic societies he has 
held many important offices, and in the Masonic order 
he is a past master, past high priest, past commander 
of Knights Templar, and past district deputy grand 
master of the Grand Lodge. In Greenfield, at the 
time of his removal to Boston, he was chairman of 
the board of assessors. He is also past senior vice- 
commander of Edward W. Kinsley Post 113, 
G..-\.R. ; treasurer of Beacon Lodge, Knights of 
Honor, and other societies in Boston. He is an en- 
thusiastic yachtsman, making annual cruises along 
the eastern coast. On June 25, 1867, Colonel Parker 
was married, at the Church of the Holy Trinity, New 
York, to Katherine Helen Eagan, of that city; they 
have one child, Helen Caroline Parker. 

Parker, Charles Wallix(;e()RD, son of Charles 
and Mary Hildreth (Wallingford) Parker, was born 
in Framingham, Mass., June 27, 1831. His pater- 
nal ancestors came to this country from England 
in 1628, and the farm on which he was born had 
been in the possession of the family for more 
than one hundred and fifty years. He was ed- 
ucated in the district school and Framingham 
Academy. At the age of sixteen he was employed 
in a small retail clothing-store in Worcester, in 
which Addison MacuUar and George B. Williams 
were salesmen. Two years after, on March i, 1849, 







^1^ //^^^ 



BOSTON OF TO-DAV. 



339 



Addison Macullar opened a similar store on his 
own account, and young Parker went with him as 
store boy, salesman, and book-keeper, the only em- 
ployee. Then in February, 1 85 2, George B. Will- 
iams having become associated with Mr. Macullar 
under the firm name of Macullar & Williams, they 
established a house in Boston, at Nos. 35 and 37 
North street, for the manufacture of clothing for 
wholesale, retaining their Worcester retail store, 
and Mr. Parker came to Boston as book-keeper 
for the firm. In 1854 they removed from North 
street to No. 47 Milk street. Three years later 
they established a retail store in the old Washington 
coffee-house on AVashington street, about where the 
"Transcript" office now stands, — one of the first 
retail stores of any consequence in that location. 
Subsequently they occupied the whole estate from 
Washington to Hawley streets. In i860 another 
removal was made to George W. Warren's store, 
at No. 192 Washington street, and at this lime 
Mr. Parker was admitted to the firm, the name 
being made Macullar, Williams, .\; I'arker. In 1864 
they removed to the present site, into a new store 
built for them by the trustees of the Joshua Sears 
estate. This was destroyed in the great fire of 
1872, and the present larger and finer structure 
was completed in 1874. In 1880 their quarters 
were enlarged by the addition of the adjoining 
store, formerly occupied by Palmer & Bachelder. 
Mr. Williams retired from the house in 1879, and 
the firm name became Macullar, Parker, & Co. 
Mr. Parker's business connection with Mr. Macul- 
lar has continued for over forty-four years, and their 
house has long occupied a foremost position in 
its special line in New England. Mr. Parker is 
much interested in letters and art, and has travelled 
extensively abroad. He was married in Chelsea, 
on Nov. 30, 1854, to Miss Mary J., daughter of 
Charles E. and .4nn (Huse) Schoft"; they have 
had five children : Mary, Charles S., Herman, 
.■\llston (deceased), and Ross Parker. 

Parker, Edmund M., son of Joel and Mary M. 
Parker, was born in Cambridge, Mass., August 
15, 1856. He was educated in private schools, 
the Reading and Cambridge High Schools, Har- 
vard College (graduating in 1877), and the Har- 
vard Law School (graduating in 1882). Admitted 
to the bar, he began practice in Boston, and is 
now of the law-firm of Parker & Thorp, with offices 
at No. 89 State street. He was a commissioner 
on the revision of the Cambridge city charter in 
1890. Mr. Parker was married April 8, 1891, to 
Miss .Alice Gray. 



Parker, Henry G., son of Ebenezer Grosvenor 
and Rebecca Morton (Davis) Parker, was born in 
Plymouth, Mass., March 19, 1836; died in Boston 
May 13, 1892. His father was a native of Fal- 
mouth, born in 1796, and his grandfather, also born 
in Falmouth, was a surgeon in the United States 
navy ; and his mother was a daughter of William 
Davis, of Plymouth. His education was begun in 
the Plymouth schools ; then for a while he attended 
a famous private school in Brookfield, where he had 
as schoolmates William Bliss, who afterwards became 
the president of the Boston & Albany Railroad, 
Charies P. Clark, now president of the New York 
& New Haven, and the brothers Stanton, Arthur, 
and George Baty Blake. Subsequently, when his 
mother removed to Boston after the death of his 
father, he entered the old Adams School here, and 
then was a pupil in Chauncy Hall, where he was 
prepared for college. Preferring, however, to begin 
at once a business career, he turned aside from col- 
lege, and took a place as boy in the store of Blan- 
chard. Converse, & Co. After a year spent there he 
became assistant book-keeper in the counting-room 
of Callender, Rogers, & Co., hardware dealers. Here 
he remained three years, and then was engaged as 
book-keeper for Blodgett, Clark, & Co. Three years 
were also spent in this service, and his next move 
was to the wholesale department of Jordan, Marsh, 
& Co., where he held the position of confidential 
clerk in the private office for a period of nearly 
seven years. Then he left this employment to 
engage in journalism as a profession, having for 
many years contributed more or less to the press, 
writing dramatic criticisms for the old " Boston 
Mail," and later contributing to the " Bee," the 
" Daily Courier," and the " Post," and acting as 
Boston correspondent of the New York "Mirror." 
In 1870 he purchased the "Saturday Evening 
Gazette," the oldest newspaper in Boston (dating 
from 1 813), and from that time to his death was 
its editor and principal proprietor. He con- 
ducted the paper with marked success, and de- 
veloped it into a handsome piece of property. 
He was among the earliest journalists in the 
country to adopt the personal society news, and 
this department, under the caption of " Out and 
About," early proved to be a most popular 
feature of his paper. In June, 1891, the "Ga- 
zette" passed into the hands of a stock company, 
incorporated as " The Saturday Evening Gazette 
Company," Colonel Parker retaining the controlling 
interest. Colonel Parker was the general secretary 
of the executive committee of the memorable Peace 
Jubilee of 1S69, Hon. .\lexander H. Rice holding 



340 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



the position of chairman. While serving in that 
capacity an acquaintance previously existing with 
Mr. Rice was cemented into a warm friendship, 
and seven years later, when the latter was installed 
as governor of Massachusetts, he selected Colonel 
Parker as a member of his staff. This position Col- 
onel Parker held through the three years of Governor 
Rice's administration, and also through that of 
Governor Talbot, by whom he was reappointed. He 
was a member of the Algonquin and Suffolk Clubs. 
His winter residence was on Commonwealth avenue, 
and of late years his summer place was at Swamp- 
scott, where he purchased an estate in 1882. He 
was married June 7, 1865, to Miss Lucy Josephine, 
daughter of the late William Brown, the well-known 
Washington-street druggist. Their only child, a 
daughter, died in 1878. 

Parkf.r, |i)ski'h W., was born in Cambridge, 
Mass., in 1847. His education began in the Cam- 
bridge public schools and was continued in the 
Boston Latin School ; he was prevented by ill-health 
from going through college. His tastes being for 
mercantile pursuits, he was soon established in a 
large woollen-importing house in New York. His 
advancement in this business was rapid, and he was 
quickly sent on the road, visiting all the large cities 




JOSEPH W. PARKER. 

of this country, as well as inspecting the principal 
woollen-mills of Europe. He thus obtained a most 



thorough knowledge of the details of the business, 
and became noted as an expert buyer of this class 
of goods. After remaining many years with this 
house, he entered the firm of George A. Castor & 
Co., large custom-tailors of New York, some nine 
years ago, and was connected with this concern for 
four years, during which time branch houses were 
established in Boston and Philadelphia. Five years 
ago he bought out the Boston house, established 
then, as now, at Nos. 515 to 521 Washington street, 
and this place has since been under his sole man- 
agement. The concern is the largest of its kind in 
New England, and one of the most successful. Over 
three hundred hands are employed to fill the orders, 
and Mr. Parker is careful that all the work possible 
shall be given to residents of the city. The do- 
mestic and imported fabrics are .selected by him 
personally, and are purchased direct from the manu- 
facturer. Mr. Parker has a wife and three chil- 
dren. His pleasant residence is in Newton Centre, 
Mass. 

Pakkman, Hf.nrv, son of the late Dr. Samuel and 
Mary E. (Dvvight) Parkman, was born in Boston 
May 23, 1850. He prepared for college at Mr. 
Dixwell's and other private schools, and graduated 
from Harvard in the class of 1870. He studied in 
the Harvard Law School for three years, graduating 
in 1874. The same year he was admitted to the 
bir, and practised in the office of William G. Rus- 
sell for several years. He is now engaged in general 
practice, with offices at No. 53 State street. He is 
one of the public administrators of Suffolk county, 
and many large trusts are confided to his care. In 
politics he is a Republican. He represented Ward 
<> m the common council for six years, was a mem- 
ber of the lower house of the Legislature in 1886, 
1887, and 1888, serving as chairman of several im- 
portant committees, and was in 189 1-2 a member of 
the State senate. He is president of the Boston 
Athletic Association, and a member of the Union 
and other leading clubs. 

Parks, John Wilson, M.D., son of John and Mary 
(Conlay) Parks, was born in Mason Village, N.H., 
Sept. 14, 1857. He was educated in the schools 
of Lawrence, Mass., to which city his parents had 
moved when he was three years old. He studied 
medicine with Drs. Magee and Sargent, in Law- 
rence, and afterwards attended the University of 
Vermont and the University of the City of New 
York. He began practice in Providence, R.L, and 
in 1883 established himself in East Boston, where 
he has since remained. He is a member of the 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



34^ 



Massachusetts Medical Society. He belongs to the 
Masonic order, and to numerous fraternal and 
beneficial orders. On Oct. 12, 1887, Dr. Parks was 
married to Miss Bertha M. Gabbott. 

Parmenter, William Ellison, chief justice of 
the Municipal Court, son of William Parmenter, 




WILLIAM E. PARMENTER. 

who was member of Congress four terms from the 
Middlesex District, was born in Boston March 12, 
181 6. His parents removed to East Cambridge 
when he was still very young, and resided in 
different sections of Cambridge until 1853. He 
received his early education in the Cambridge 
public schools, but prepared for college at the 
Framingham Academy and Angler's Academy in 
Medford. In 1832 he entered Harvard, and passed 
through that institution with honors, graduating in 
the class of 1836, after which he took a course at 
the Harvard Law School. He also read law in the 
office of John Mills, then United States district 
attorney. In 1842 he was admitted to the Suffolk 
bar, and continued in active practice in this city 
for over thirty years. In 1872 he was appointed 
by Governor Claflin special justice of the Munici- 
pal Court of Boston. In December of the same 
year he was made associate justice of the same 
court; and in January, 1883, he was promoted by 
Governor Butler to the position of chief justice. 
Judge Parmenter is noted for his clear and well- 



defined interpretation of the law, the fiiirness of 
his decisions, and the conscientious thought he 
devotes to every case before him. He has never 
held a public office save that of his seat on the 
bench and a position on the Arlington school board, 
which he filled for nearly a quarter of a century. 
He has resided in .Arlington since 1853. Judge 
Parmenter was married to Miss Helen James, of 
South Scituate, Mass., and has had two sons : 
William E., jr., a graduate of Harvard in the class 
of 1877, who is now a farmer in Florida, and James 
P. Parmenter, a graduate of Harvard in the class 
of 1 88 1, now a practising lawyer of this city. 

Parsons, Frank Sears, M.D., son of Enos and 
Harriet Eliza (Sears) Parsons, was born in North- 
ampton, Mass., Dec. 21, 1862. His father was 
widely known in Massachusetts and elsewhere as 
a lawyer of marked ability and business tact. The 
son was educated in the schools of Northampton, 
and graduating from the high school began 
the study of medicine. He spent two years in the 
Harvard Medical School (1882-4), and two in 
the medical department of the University of the 
City of New York, graduating from the latter in 
March, 1886. He established himself in the Dor- 
chester district, and in September began the prac- 
tice of his profession. He enjoyed a good 
and extended practice in Dorchester until the 
close of the spring of 1892, when he removed to 
Northampton, on account of the death of his 
father, which occurred in Februaiy. There he 
continues in practice. Dr. Parsons has, for several 
years, made a specialty of diseases of children in 
connection with his general i)ractice. He has been 
a lecturer on diseases of children in the College of 
Physicians and Surgeons since 1889, and he has 
written much for medical journals upon this sub- 
ject. He is the author of " Rheumatism in Chil- 
dren," published in 1890, and "Infant Dress," 
published in 1891. He was a member of and 
visiting physician to the Suffolk Dispensary from 
its organization to the time of his removal to 
Northampton. He is a member of the Massachu- 
setts Medical Society, the American Medical Asso- 
ciation, and the Boston Therapeutic Society. Dr. 
Parsons was married Sept. 8, 1 891, to Miss Bertha, 
daughter of M. Saxman, jr., of Latrobe, Pa., an 
extensive coal and coke dealer there. 

Pariridge, H0R.ACE, son of Hcnev and Rachel 
(Paine) Partridge, was born in Walpole, Mass., 
May 27, 1822, the same year that Boston became 
a city. He is a cousin of Henry W. Paine, of 



342 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Cambridge. When he was a child his [jarents 
moved to Dedham, and there he lived until he was 
twelve years of age. Then he lived two years in 
Newton Upper Falls, two in Mill Village, and then 
in South Royalston, working with his father at 
blacksmithing and farming. At twenty he was 
selling goods for an elder brother, and at twenty- 
one he was on the road selling for himself. His 
education was attained in the district schools which 
he was able to attend during the winter months 
only, and from observation and e.vperience in his 
subsequent business travels through the country. 
He carried the chain more or less for the survey of 
the route of the \'ermont & Massachusetts Railroad, 
and when the road was building he supplied the 
families of those at work upon it with groceries, 
dry goods, shoes, and other merchandise, his busi- 
ness route being from Gardner to Greenfield, with 
headiiuarters at .Athol. Prospering in this under- 
taking, in 1848 he sought a wider field. Then he 
came to Boston, and after a year spent with his 
brother at No. 78 Federal street, he established 
himself in the auction business at No. 49 Hanover 
street. Shortly after he engaged .in the wholesale 
and retail fancy goods and Yankee notions trade. 
From No. 49, when that building was to be razed, 
he moved to Diamond Block, No. 125 ; a few 




HORACE PARTRIDGE. 



years after that liuilding was doomed, 
moved to No. 105 ; after a while that hu 



turn had to go, and he took No. 27. Here he was 
established for twelve years, when that building was 
wanted to widen the street, and he was obliged 
again to move. This time he took No. 51, soon 
after adding Nos. 53 and 55 ; and here he has 
remained for more than twenty years. In course 
of time, his son-in-law, Benjamin F. Hunt, and 
subseciuently his son, Frank B. Partridge, were ad- 
mitted to i)artnership, and the firm name became 
Horace Partridge & Co. .Mr. Partridge was a 
l)ioneer in the Christmas-toy and the Christmas- 
l)resents trade, and early began the importation of 
immense quantities of dolls and European toys and 
fancy goods. Mr. Hunt goes annually to Europe, 
remaining there about a third of a year, and steam- 
ships not infrequently arrive at this port with cargo 
exclusively for this house. In 1885 Mr. Partridge 
was occupying the whole of the block Nos. 51 to 
55 Hanover street, but his business had become so 
large and bulky that a (piarter of the street was 
used for loading, and more room was absolutely 
necessary. Accordingly a contract was made with 
Fred L. Ames, and the great building Nos. 6,; to 
97 Lincoln street was built largely for his use. 
The building covers two hundred and ten feet on 
Lincoln street, one hundred and fifty feet on Essex, 
two hundred and thirty on Essex place, and one 
hundred on Tufts street, and the firm occujjy the five 
lofts, twenty-seven thousand feet on each floor, on 
a twenty years' lease. Mr. Hunt, with F>ed R. 
Smith, besides doing the foreign purchasing, now 
manages the Lincoln-street store. Frank P. Par- 
tridge manages the great Washington-street and 
'I'emple-place retail store, which is also a head- 
quarters for gymnasium and lawn-tennis outfits ; 
and Mr. Partridge remains at the old stand on 
Hanover street, the good-will of which he does not 
intend to lose. Here, while attending closely to 
his main business, he transacts much of his real- 
estate business, or " knitting work," as he expresse 
it, " for mornings and odd moments." Since h 
established himself in Boston he has built 
owned more than a hundred dwelling-houses. H 
has a village in Somer\ille of fifty houses which h 
sells or rents. His own estate is on North avenut 
Cambridge, on a lot of land just the size of th 
Lincoln-street store. Here he has built a hous 
for his son, one for himself, and two to let, an( 
Mr. Hunt has built one on the lot adjoining. Mr 
Partridge is devoted to fruit and flower culture, 1 
spends three hours ever)' morning in his garden 0<^ 
working on the grounds about the houses. He is 
a life member of the Massachusetts Horticultural 
Society, and shows more than a hundred prize 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



343 



tickets received for his exhibits of fruits and 
flowers. He has been a member of the .Ancient 
and Honorable .-Artillery Company for more than 
thirty years, and he never misses an artillery elec- 
tion jiarade and dinner. His attention to business 
has been unremitting. He has never had a vaca- 
tion of a week at one time, and he has not been 
kept from his store by illness for forty years. He 
locks his store every night himself, and has done 
so for many years. He does not belong to any 
organization for shortening the hours of labor. For 
lorty years he has averaged eighteen hours of work 
:i ilav. He has employed more than four thousand 
li.uiiU. ( )iic ( lerk has been in his employ for forty 
\c,nN, and hall" a dozen for twenty-five years each. 
I'.r^idc-. the hou^c> and tenements in which he has 
tenants, he has more than a dozen halls for rent, 
and he himself keeps the books of this business 
and makes out all the bills. In politics he is a 
I stanch Democrat, but he aspires to no political 
office and steers shy of caucuses. Mr. Partridge 
was married June 17, 1847, when he was selling 
goods on the road. His wife was Miss Martha 
Ann Stratton, daughter of Samuel and I.ivia (Raw- 
son) Stratton, of Gill, Mass. They have had five 
children : Jenny Lind (now Mrs. Benjamin F. 
Hunt, jr.), Frank Pierce (now in partnership with 
his father), Nellie Rosalie (now Mrs. William E. 
Nickerson), Lizzie Lucille and Horace Partridge, 
jr., both of whom died in infancy. 

Payne, Frederick William, M.D., son of the 
late Dr. William E. Payne, of Bath, Me., was born 
in that city Jan. i, 1845. He was educated first 
in private and public schools of his native city; 
afterwards at boarding-school in Newton Centre, 
Mass. ; then in the Harvard Medical School, from 
which he graduated in 1866, and at the Homcjeo- 
pathic Medical College of Pennsylvania in 1867. 
In 1868 he went abroad, where he studied his pro- 
fession for two years in Vienna, Berlin, and Paris. 
Returning to Bath, he associated himself with his 
father in the general practice of medicine, that of 
eye and ear surgery in particular. In 1872 he 
moved to Boston, where he is now in the enjoy- 
ment of a large ophthalmological and otological 
practice. He was lecturer for seven years on the 
eye and ear in the homoeopathic department of the 
Boston University. He is a member of the Inter- 
national Homoeopathic Medical .Association, of the 
American Institute of Homcjeopathy, the Massa- 
chusetts Homoeopathic Medical Society, and the 
Hahnemann Medical Society. He has written 
largely for homceopathic publications, especially 



on the subject of the eye and ear. He is a skilled 
and successful operator. He has visited pAirope 




FREDERICK W PAYNE. 

many times, and in his travels has circumnavigated 
the globe. 

Payne, James Henrv, M.D., was born in .Albany, 
N.Y., June 4, 1825, of English parentage. .After 
acquiring a good preparatory education he entered 
the University of the City of New York, from 
which he graduated in the class of 1849, and re- 
ceived his degree of M.D. His medical education 
was further pursued under the guidance of Dr. 
R. .A. Snow, prominent among the physicians of New 
York city. He began practice early in the spring 
of 1849, in Bangor, Me., where he remained ac- 
tively engaged until November, i860. Then, his 
practice in Maine having become arduous, he re- 
moved to Boston, and here he has since been 
established, occupying a leading position in his 
profession. He has had a large and successful 
practice during the whole of his professional life. 
He belongs to several medical societies, and has 
written a number of articles on medical topics, 
notably one on the Asiatic cholera, with which dis- 
ease he had an extended practical experience in 
1849-50, in Bangor, where it prevailed at that time 
to a great extent, there being from three to sixteen 
deaths daily for several weeks in a population of 
fourteen thousand. Very many cases, after they had 



344 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



reached the collapsed stage, were cured by his prac- in the chambers of a leading barrister of Lincoln's 
tice. In 1867 Dr. Payne made an extended tour in Inn, London, he was admitted to the bar of the 

Middle Temple, London, in 1877. Subsequently 
returning to America, he entered the office of 
Morse, Stone, & Greenough as a student, where 
he remained one year. After a year and a half at 
the Harvard Law School he was admitted to the 
Suffolk bar, in December, 1879. The next year he 
formed a partnership with Charles A. Prince, which 
continued for five years. Since then he has prac- 
tised alone. In politics Mr. Peabody is a Demo- 
crat, but with strong Independent proclivities. He 
is an aide-de-camp on the staff of Governor Russell, 
a member of the Somerset, Algonquin, Country, 
Eastern Yacht, Myopia Hunt, Papyrus, and several 
other 1 lubs, in all of which he takes an active inter- 
est. ( )utside of his professional interests he is 
financidly interested in, and is a director of, several 




the Old World, traxclling in France, Italy, and 
through Egypt and Syria. In 1855 he was married 
to Miss Harriet M. Whittier, of Boston ; they have 
had two children. 

Pavnf, James Henkv, jr., M.D., was born in 
Boston. His early education was attained in the 
Boston Latin School, from which he graduated 
in 1882. He received the degree of A.B. 
from Harvard College in 1886, and the degree 
of M.D. from the Harvard Medical School in 
1889. He pursued his medical studies abroad 
for over a year, spending most of his time in 
the hospitals of Paris and London. He is a 
member of the British Medical Association, the 
Harvard Medical Association, and the Massachu- 
setts Medical Society. He is at present practising 
in Boston. 




FRANCIS PEABODY, JR. 






large corporations, 
large estates. 



He is also trustee of several 



Peabody, Fr.\ncis, jr., was born in Salem Sept. 
I, 1854. His father moved to London in 1871, 
with his family. The son, although prepared for 
Harvard College before going to England, went for 
two years to Cheltenham College, one of the big 
English public schools. He then entered Trinity 
College, Cambridge, and took his degree of B.L. 
in the law Tripos in 1876. Having passed a year 



Pearson, Linus E., was born in Charlestown 
Jan. 7, 1836. He was educated in the public 
schools there, and after completing his education 
engaged in the railroad business. In 1864 he was 
elected treasurer of the city of Charlestown, and 
served in that capacity until it was annexed to 
Boston. In 1874 he was appointed registrar of 
voters, and has held this office for over fifteen years. 




^.^^-^ c^^^^^^<^ 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



345 



In 1885 he was chosen chairman of the board, 
which [losition he still holds. 

Peirck, Hknrv, son of William and I'hoibe 
(Manning) Peirce, was born in Waltham, Mass., 
Oct. 2, 1807. His first ancestor in America was 
John Peirce, who came from Norwich, I'lng., and 
was admitted as a freeman of VVatertown in 1637. 
His father was a private and corporal for three years 
in the RevnUiiidnary War. Mr. Peirce was educated 
in the common school, but his greater education has 
been gained in the business world. He began work 
with George Murdock, a grocer of his native town, 
with whom he remained for seven years. In 1828 
he went to Lowell and engaged in the baking busi- 
ness. There for nearly nine years he was partner 
in a successful firm. In 1837 he moved to Boston, 
and, entering into partnership with Elbridge Wason, 
began business as wholesale grocer at No. 61 Chat- 
ham street, where he has remained to the present 
time. The house of Wason, Peirce, & Co. have 
prosecuted a widely extended business, and have 
always met their engagements. In the vicissitudes 
of business affairs in the last half-century this fact 
stands out very noticeably. Henry Peirce is a good 
type of the straightforward and honorable Boston 
merchant. On the 21st of January, 1833, he was 
married to Louisa Adeline Bayley, who died in 
Hrookline, Mass., March 22, 1879. They had four 
children: Henry (deceased), Henry Edgar (de- 
ceased), William Olliver, and Helen Louisa Peirce 
(deceased). 

Peirce, Warren A., a descendant of Solomon 
Peirce, of Lexington, who was wounded in the 
Lexington fight of 1775, and of Benjamin Locke, 
captain of a company of minute men at the battle 
of Hunker Hill, was born in West Cambridge (now 
Arlington), Mass., June 5, 1849. He was educated 
in the public schools of the town and the Getting 
Academy there. He remained on the farm until 
he was twenty-two years old, and then went to work 
for his brother in the coal and wood business. 
Subsequently he bought out his brother's interest, 
and now carries on the business in Arlington, Arling- 
ton Heights, and Lexington. He was a member of 
the lower house of the Legislature in 1886 and 
1 88 7, serving on the committees on water supply 
and on State House ; and in Arlington, where he 
resides, he was selectman three years and president 
of the water board three years. In politics he is 
Republican ; he has been chairman of the Republi- 
can town committee, and is a member of the State 
central committee. He is a prominent Mason and 



Odd Fellow, treasurer of the Adelphi Club, and a 
director of the Arlington Boat Club. He was mar- 
ried Dec. 5, 1882, in East Boston, to Miss Jessie 
C. Bacon, of Arlington ; they have one child, 
Warren A. Peirce, jr. 

Perkins, Edward Augustus, M.l).,son of Benjamin 
and Rebecca Hill (Ashby) Perkins, whose father was 
a soldier of the Revolution, was born in Topsfield, 
Mass., Feb. 23, 1827. His earlier education was 
obtained in the common district school. After- 
wards he was a student for some years in the ancient 
academy of his native town, where he began the 
study of Latin and Greek. Subsequently he en- 
tered Pembroke Academy, Pembroke, N.H., remain- 
ing two years. In 1848 he entered Dartmouth, in 
the class which graduated in 1851. Among his 
classmates were Judge Ross, now of the Supreme 
Court of Vermont, and Senator Proctor. Then he 
studied in the Harvard Medical School, graduating 
in 1854. In July of the same year he began his 
professional career in Lowell, associated with Dr. 
Charles A. Savony. At this time he became a mem- 
ber of the Massachusetts Medical Society, and dur- 
ing the succeeding eight years held various offices 
in the Middlesex district of the organization. In 
October, 1856, being in poor health, he concluded 
to try a country life, and removed to Tyngsborough, 
seven miles distant from Lowell. It was his inten- 
tion to remain here not more than two years, but 
finding his health improved and business good, he 
continued to practise there nearly eight years. 
Then he relinquished business and spent a year 
in travel and study. Returning to pjractice, in 
Sc]itfmlier, 1865, he established himself in Boston, 
where he has since remained. He was one of the 
earliest members of the Boston Gynaecological So- 
ciety. Some fifteen years ago, mainly through the 
reading of French and German medical literature, 
he was led to a thorough study and the gradual 
and cautious practice of electricity ; and each year 
this has absorbed more and more of his time and 
attention. And when, several years ago, .Apostoli 
of Paris published his new and scientific methods of 
treatment of certain tumors and other diseases of 
women, Dr. Perkins' previous studies and practice 
had prepared him to give them a fair trial, and 
the results have been such that he asserts that the 
greatest delights of his life-work have been in this 
field. His practice is large and lucrative, and his 
reputation extends beyond the limits of his native 
State. Dr. Perkins was married Feb. 5, 1857, to 
Miss Sophronia M., daughter of the late 1 )r. Daniel 
Little, of Goffstown Centre, N.H. 



346 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Perrv, Baxter E., son of Rev. Baxter E. and 

Lydia G. ((■.ra\) Pcrrv, both natives of Worcester, 




he was on the United States steamer "Alabama," 
in Commodore Wilkes' " Flying Squadron." This 
vessel before the end of her cruise became known 
as the " death ship," a name singularly appropriate, 
for a large proportion of her officers and crew died 
from yellow fever, the scourge running riot aboard 
of her for nearly two months. When the "Ala- 
bama" was condemned and sent North, he returned 
home and again took up his studies. It was not 
long, however, before he reentered the navy and 
joined the blockading squadron off Charleston, 
S.C, where he remained until the city was evacu- 
ated by the Confederates. After leaving the ser- 
vice he began the study of medicine under private 
instruction. In 1870 he entered the Harvard 
Medical School, in the same class with the now 
well-known surgeon E. H. Bradford, Dr. F. C. 
Shattuck, and a number of other men who have 
taken high places in the profession. He continued 
at Harvard nearly two years, when he was ap- 
])ointed medical house-officer in the Boston City 
Hospital, which position he filled for about one 
year. On leaving the hospital Dr. Perry at once 
entered practice in Roxbury, and continued there 
until^i875.'^He then became a "special writer" 
on the staff of the " Boston Herald." At first he 
wrote over the nom de plume " Dr. Frank," but of 



BAXTER E. PERRY. 

Mass., was born in l.vme, N.H., .April 26, 1826. 
His early education was attained in the country 
schools and at Thetford, Vt., Academy, and he 
finished at Middlebury College, Vt. He began pro- 
fessional life in 1849 as a teacher in Canada, and 
for several years after he taught in the Chester 
Academy, Vt. Meanwhile he studied law, and, ad- 
mitted to the bar after finishing his studies in the 
office of Ranney &: Morse, Boston, he began prac- 
tice in May, 1855. Establishing himself in Boston, 
he has practised successfully here since that time. 
He is a trustee of Middlebury College. In politics 
he is a Republican, and has represented his district 
in the lower house of the Legislature. He is a 
member of the Masonic order. Mr. Perry was mar- 
ried in August, 185 I, to Miss Charlotte H. Hough; 
they have had four children: Edward Baxter (a 
musician in Boston), Cora G. (now the wife of 
Charles A. Hamilton, of New York), George H. 
(now partner in the firm with his father), and 
Edith C. Perrv. 



Perrv, J. Frank, M.D., was born in Biddeford, 
Me., July 9, 1846. When the Civil War broke out 
he was preparing for college at Williston Seminary, 

Easthampton, Mass. In August, 1862, he left his late years his communications have been unsigned, 
studies and entered the navy. For nearly a year Dr. Perry has done much to popularize medicine, 




FRANK PERRY. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



347 



and in his writings he has shown rare dis- 
crimination, his endeavors to teach non-profes- 
sionals being eminently rational and characterized 
by a studied avoidance of all subjects, such as the 
use of drugs, the discussion of which might en- 
courage self-treatment, and so do harm. Besides 
his regular communications to the " Herald " he 
has written a household guide, entitled " A Friend 
in Need," and two smaller books, one on home 
sanitation and the other on nursery hygiene. 
Having a fondness for animals, and especially 
dogs, he wrote a book, some eight years ago, on 
their management in health and in disease. In 
all English-speaking countries this book is now 
recognized as the authority on the subjects of 
which it treats, and there are but few lovers of 
the dog who have not heard of " Ashmont." To 
many, however, his identity is unknown, as his work 
simply bears this modest nom de plume. For several 
years Dr. Perry has been the editor of a monthly 
publication called the " Boston Journal of Health." 
In 1889 he devoted it to the purpose of securing 
a law in this State limiting the practice of medicine 
and surgery to those only who had been duly 
qualified to assume such important duties. Almost 
alone and at his own expense he succeeded in 
having such a law passed by the house of repre- 
sentatives ; but it was defeated in the senate. 
Dr. Perry is now supreme medical director in a 
large insurance society, and to this office and his 
many other duties he wholly devotes himself. 
Although he has not engaged in practice for 
a long time, but few of his professional associates 
have contributed more to the interests of humanity 
than he ; for by his writings he must inevitably 
have dispelled many popular delusions which have 
shadowed medicine, and done much to prevent 
disease by encouraging a right manner of living. 

Phelps, James T., son of James T. and Lucy Jane 
(Mitchell) Phelps, was born in Chittenden, Vt., 
May 24, 1845. His education was begun in a Bur- 
lington, Vt., school and continued in the public 
schools of Chelsea, Mass. He began work when a 
lad of thirteen, and continued his studies while 
acting as office boy. His first work was in the 
office of Azro D. Lamson, in State street (now of 
Philadelphia), but very soon he went into the em- 
ploy of the National Life Insurance Company, and 
has been in the insurance business ever since. He 
is now State agent of the National Life Insurance 
Company of Vermont, and a member of the board 
of directors ; past president of the Boston Life 
Underwriters' Association, and chairman of its ex- 



ecutive committee, which position he has held for 
several years. He was one of the first advocates of 




JAMES T. PHELPS. 

the principle of cash-surrender values in life insur- 
ance. Mr. Phelps has ser\ed four years in the 
Chelsea city government : two years in the common 
council, and two in the board of aldermen. He 
was married Oct. 19, 1869, at Fairhaven, Vt., to 
Miss Julia A. Hamilton, daughter of Otis Hamilton 
of that place ; they have two daughters, Altha and 
Elizabeth Phelps. His residence is now in Boston. 

Phillips, Leslie Almond, M.D., son of the late 
Almond Phillips, of Marlborough, Mass., was born 
in Fitzwilliam, N.H., Aug. 19, 1847. The education 
afforded by the public schools of his native town 
was supplemented by private instruction and study 
during the years in which he was teaching in public 
schools and in a " Boys' English and Classical 
School" in Illinois. Entering the Boston Univer- 
sity School of Medicine, he graduated therefrom 
M.D. in 1877. .^fter a few months' practice in 
Watertown, he came to Boston to assist Prof. J. H. 
Woodbury, M.D. Succeeding to his practice the 
following year, and like his predecessor devoting 
special attention to diseases of women. Dr. Phillips 
has won a wide reputation in this field of practice. 
He is a member of the American Institute of Homoe- 
opathy, the Massachusetts Homoeopathic Medical 
Society, and the Boston Homoeopathic Medical 



348 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Society, and he has for years served as secretary of Boston, and he is now principal assessor. He was 



the Massachusetts Surgical and Gynsecological So- 




ciety. To all of Ihese he has contributed largely, 
his papers relating chiefly to women's diseases. 
One of his papers, entitled " Public School Educa- 
tion as a Cause of Ill-health in Girls," was widely 
reprinted in the newspapers, and excited much 
comment, as did also a series of papers in the 
" Public Health Journal " upon " The Ills of 
Women ; their Causes and Means of Prevention." 
In 1 89 1 he conceived the plan of and erected the 
attractive building, of offices and apartments, on the 
corner of Boylston and Berkeley streets. This he 
named the " Woodbury Building," and under his 
personal management it affords a handsome income. 
He has also a farm in Sharon, Mass., called Bloom- 
dale Farm, where he keeps and breeds some fine 
horses. Dr. Phillips was married in 1879, to Mrs. 
Ella A. Hastings, daughter of O. R. Fisher, of 
South Framingham, Mass. 

Pierce, John, son of James and Mary Francis 
(Payson) Pierce, was born in Dorchester, Nov. 16, 
1834. He was educated in the Dorchester public 
schools and at Chauncy Hall. His first business 
connection was with Lawrence, Wilde, & Hull, 
furniture manufacturers on Cornhill. For the 
greater portion of the time from 1872 to 1888 he 
was first or second assistant assessor for the city of 



a member of the lower house of the Legislature 
1S84-5, for Ward 24, where he still resides. Mr. 
Pierce was married April 24, 1 861, to Miss Angelina 
M. Batterman ; and they have one son, William 
Payson Pierce. 

PiLLsiiURV, Albert E., son of Josiah W. and Eliza- 
beth D. Pillsbury, was born in Milford, N.H., Aug. 
19, 1849. His father, who was a graduate from 
Dartmouth in 1840, intended following a profession, 
but the state of his health required the out-of-door 
life of a farmer, which vocation he pursued, and his 
son's early career was passed upon a farm. Mr. 
Pillsbury began his education at the Milford com- 
mon and high schools, and prepared for college in 
the Appleton .Academy at Ipswich, N.H., and the 
Lawrence Academy at Groton, Mass., entering Har- 
vard in the class of 187 1. He did not finish his 
course in college, but went to Sterling, 111., where he 
taught school for a year and also studied law with 
his uncle, Hon. James Dinsmore. He was ad- 
mitted to the bar in the State of Illinois, and some 
time later joined the ranks of the profession in Mas- 
sachusetts, and has since been engaged in active 
practice in Boston. Mr. Pillsbury was for several 
years vice-president, and one year president, of the 




ALBERT E 



Mercantile Library Association, and is still one of 
its trustees. He is also a trustee of the Franklin 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



349 



Savings Bank, and a director in the United States 
Trust and Safe Deposit Company. He entered pub- 
lic life as a member of the lower house of the Legis- 
lature from Ward 1 7, Boston, and served three years, 
from 1876 to 1878 inclusive. He was elected to 
the senate from the Sixth Suffolk District, for the 
years 1884, 1885, and 1886. As a member of the 
House in 1876 he was chairman of the committee 
on elections and a member of the committee on 
federal relations, and in 1877 and 1878 was a 
member of the judiciary and other committees. 
While in the senate in 1884 he was chairman of the 
joint committee on the Hoosac Tunnel Railroad, a 
member of the committee on the judiciary, and 
chairman of the special committee on the bribery 
investigation. In 1885 and 1886 he was unani- 
mously chosen president of the senate. In 1887 
Governor Ames offered him the appointment of 
judge-advocate-general, and a year later, in 18S8, a 
seat upon the bench of the Superior Court, both of 
which he declined, as well as the position of corpo- 
ration counsel for the city of Boston, offered him by 
Mayor Hart. In 1888 he was chosen president of 
the National Association of the Pillsbury family, at 
its first gathering in Newburyport on the old home- 
stead built by Daniel Pillsbury in Newburyport in 
1 699-1 700, and which had been occupied by de- 
scendants of the family until 1889, when the ancient 
building was destroyed by fire. In the fiill of i8go 
he was nominated attorney-general by the Re])ubli- 
can State convention, and was elected by a flatter- 
ing plurality at the ensuing election. In 1891 he 
was reelected for the term of 1892. 

PiLSBURV, Edwin L., son of Horatio N. and Lydia 
S. (Lake) Pilsbury, was born in Bucksport, Me., 
April 21, 1850. He was educated in the ]in1)lic 
schools of Charlestown, Mass. He began business 
life in the store of Champney Brothers & Co., 
wholesale small- wares, in Boston, and in 1873 
opened a store of his own, retail dry-goods and fur- 
nishings, in Charlestown. Here he has since con- 
tinued, enlarging his establishment from time to 
time as trade has increased. In politics he is Re- 
publican. In 1882 and 1883 he was a member of 
the lower house of the Legislature, and in 1887 and 
1889 of the senate. He served on the committees 
on prisons and on water supply, was chairman of the 
committee on the Hoosac Tunnel, Troy, & Green- 
field kaihoad in 1887, and chairman of that on 
railroads in iS.Si^. In 1889 he was appointed by 
Mayor Hart a member of the Boston board of 
health ; and in February, 1892, by Mayor Matthews, 
one of the commissioners of public institutions. He 



is a member of various literary, political, and social 
organizations, past grand master Odd Fellows, 
past dictator Knights of Honor, and member of 
Henry Price lodge of Masons. On Oct. 22, 1884, 
Mr. Pilsbury was married, in Bath, Me., to Miss 
Louise T. Plumer ; they have two children : Mabel 
Lydia and Edna Louise Pilsbury. 

Pjnkerton, Alfred S., son of William C. and 
Maria W. (Fiske) Pinkerton, was born in Lancas- 




ALFRED S. PINKERTON. 

ter. Pa., March 19, 1856. He was educated in the 
l)ublic schools of his native town, and was early 
obliged to enter business life when, upon the 
death of his father, his mother returned to Massa- 
chusetts, her native State. He found employment 
as book-keeper with a leading manufacturing firm 
of Worcester, and here he remained for some time. 
Having, however, no taste for mercantile pursuits, 
but desiring to enter the legal profession, he applied 
himself, during his leisure hours, to the study of law 
under the direction of the late Peter C. Bacon. 
Finally, in 1881, he was admitted to the bar, and 
at once began practice. In a few years he had 
risen to a recognized position in the profession, and 
at the same time was becoming prominent in public 
life. In 1886 he was elected to the lower house of 
the Legislature, serving in his first term (1887) as 
chairman of the committee on towns. Reelected 
with increased majorities each time, during the ses- 



350 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



sion of 1 888 he served on the committees on the 
judiciary and on constitutional amendments, and 
on the joint special committee to represent the 
Commonwealth at the centennial celebration of the 
settlement of Ohio; and in the House of 1889 he 
was again a member of the committee on the judi- 
ciary, and House chairman of the committee on 
water supply. He also took a leading part in 
many of the debates on the floor. Next he was 
elected to the Senate, representing the Fourth Wor- 
cester district. During his first term here (1890) 
he served on the committees on the judiciary, pro- 
bate and insolvency, and on constitutional amend- 
ments (chairman). Reelected in 1891, he was 
chairman of the committee on the judiciary and of 
the joint committee on State boards and State com- 
missions, and a member again of the probate and 
insolvency committee. Reelected again in 1S92, 
he was made president of the Senate. Mr. Pinkei- 
ton is a prominent Odd Fellow and Mason. He 
was grand master of the State Lodge of Odd Fellow s 
for a year or more, and in the session of 18S9, 
being relieved from that position, he was elected 
representative to the Sovereign Lodge. Resigning 
a few months later, in August, 1890, he was re- 
elected to fill out the unexpired term, and a year 
later he was again reelected for the term of two 
years. Ever since leaving the chair of grand mas- 
ter he has been chairman of the finance committee 
of the Grand Lodge. He has served as master of 
the Blue Lodge, Masonic fraternity, is a member 
of Eureka Chapter, Worcester Council, and Worces- 
ter County Commandery, Knights Templar. For 
several years he has been secretary, and was for 
some time chairman, of the Worcester county 
Republican committee. 

I'li'KK, James Rufus, was born in Boston June 
I, 1864. His early life was passed in the beau- 
tiful town of Dublin, N.H., where he fitted for 
the Cushing Academy, Ashburnham, Mass. For 
a year or more he studied dentistry in Keene, 
N.H., under Burton C. Russell, one of the ablest 
dentists in the Granite State, and then entered 
the Boston Dental College, graduating from that 
institution in 1886, with the degree of D.D.S. 
Dr. Piper has a lucrative practice in this city, 
and is also a demonstrator of operative dentistry 
in the Dental College. He spent four years 
with Nathaniel W. Hawes, M.D. He is a mem- 
ber of the Massachusetts Dental Society and 
of the Alumni Association of the Boston Dental 
College, being on the executive committee of the 
latter organization. 



Plummer, Rufus Burnham, jr., son of R. B. and 
Caroline (Besse) Plummer, was born in Augusta 




RUFUS B. PLUMMER, JR. 

I 

Me., May 6, 1851. His education was attained in j 
the local academy and a business college. He , 
came to Boston in 1869, and learned the carpenter's j 
trade. From 1874 to 1884 he was superintendent 
for David Perkins, a well-known builder of business 
and private buildings in Boston and vicinity. In | 
1885 he succeeded Mr. Perkins in business as a 
builder, and three years after became a member | 
of the Master Builders' Association. He has been | 
engaged in the erection of many notable buildings. 
Prominent among them are the six-story business 
building on Essex street, corner of Columbia ; the 
buildings at the corner of South and Tufts streets, ^ 
and Harrison avenue and Exeter place ; those ■ 
numbered 181-183 and 383-385 Tremont street; '' 
the " Post " building, on Washington street ; the j 
Church of the Messiah, on Falmouth street ; three 
buildings for Harvard College, in Cambridge ; the ; 
Children's Convalescent Home, in Wellesley Hills ; 
the summer residences of William Burnham in I 
Lincoln, Eben S. Draper in Hopedale, and Francis j 
Sargent in Wellesley ; and a large number of resi- 
dences in the Roxbury district and Brookline. Mr. j 
Plummer was married in Fernandina, Fla., Dec. 24, ' 
1877, to Miss Mary E. Gervin ; they have six chil- j 
dren : Wallace, Caro, Harold, Emma, Bertha, and j 
Martha Plummer. All but the first, who was born ' 




JMj-M^^ 



cs-feei. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



351 



in Fernandina, were born in Boston. Mr. Plummer 
resides on Hutchings street, Roxbury district. 

PoMERdY, Hiram Sterling, M.D., son of tlie late 
Oren Pomeroy, of Somers, Conn., was born Jan. 22, 
1848. He was educated by private tutors at Yale, 
receiving the degree of A.M. from the latter. Sub- 
sequently he graduated at Leipsic, receiving the 
degree of M.D. He is a member of the Massachu- 
setts Medical Society and of the American Academy 
of Politic ;il and Sui ial Science. He has been in 
actixc |ir,ii IK (■ in l^l^ton six years, having previously 
practised in .\u>tria. Dr. Pomeroy was first mar- 
ried in 1872 to Elizabeth, daughter of John Blake, 
of New Haven, Conn. His second marriage was 
in 1882, to Mary Eleanor, daughter of Rev. D. 
Shepardson, D.D., of Cincinnati, (). 

Pdi'f, Ai.r.i-.Kr A., son of Charles and Elizabeth 
Poiie, was born in Boston May 30, 1843. He was 
educated in the public schools of Brookline. He 
began his business career as a clerk in a shoe-find- 
ing store on Blackstone street. Subsecpiently he 
was a successful merchant. Then in 1879 he es- 
tablished the Pope Manufacturing Company, and 
became the founder of the American bicycle indus- 
try. His concern is the largest bicycling establish- 
ment in the world. He has advanced bicycling 
interests in various directions. He was the first to 
obtain res|ionsihle legal opinion upon the rights of 
wheehiieii in the public roads and parks, and to 
secure these rights ; and he founded the " Wheel- 
man," now absorbed in " Outing." He served in 
the Civil \Var with distinction, entering as second 
lieutenant in the Thirty-fifth Massachusetts Regi- 
ment in 1862, and advancing through the several 
grades to lieutenant-colonel. When the war broke 
out he was a clerk in a Milk-street store, and all his 
leisure time he devoted to studying army tactics 
and army regulations. He had a musket in the 
store, and, \vhene\er opportunity olleied, drilled his 
fellow-clerks, and even the partners and neighbors 
who came in. He joined the Salignac's Zouaves as 
a private, and also the Home Guards in Brookline, 
and an artillery company with whom he faithfully 
drilled, so that when he finally enlisted he was a 
Well-prepared soldier. He is now a prominent mem- 
ber of the Order of the Loyal Legion and of the Grand 
Army. Colonel Pope is a director of the American 
Loan and 'I'rust Company, of the Winthrop Bank, 
and a dozen other corporations and companies ; is 
a member of the Algonquin, Art, Country, Athletic, 
New York Athletic, and other clubs ; of the Beacon 
Society, of which he is vice-president ; and a life 



member of a number of charitable organizations. 
For two years he was a member of the Newton city 
government. He was married Sept. 20, 1S71, to 
Miss Abby Linder; they have five children: Al- 
bert Linder, Margaret Roberts, Harold Under, 
Charles Linder, and Ral]ih Linder Pope. 

Pope, Arthur Wallace, son of the late Charles 
and Elizabeth (Bogman) Pope, was born in Brook- 
line, Mass., March 9, 1850. His education was 
received in that town, and in early manhood he 
entered the employ of his brother, Col. Albert A. 
Pope, who at that time was in the wholesale shoe- 
finding business on Pearl street. Li 187 1 he was 
made junior partner, and about five years later. Col- 
onel Pope retiring, he became the head of the 
firm, the name of which was changed, later, to A. 
\\'. Pope & Co. Under his judicious management 
the business has steadily increased, until the firm is 
known in all parts of America. He is recognized 
as a man of excellent judgment, energy, financial 
ability, and perseverance. Mr. Pope has travelled 
extensively at home and abroad, combining busi- 
ness with pleasure, and in 1887 he carried out a 
long-cherished wish and made a tour of the world. 
This trip included the ascent of the famous Mainu- 
rina pass, in the Himalaya mountains, eighteen 




thousand six hundred feet above the level of the 
sea, an elephant hunt in Ceylon, a trip up the Nile, 



352 

another 
Norway 
several 
Mason. 

Piii'K, William, son of W. and Sarah (Pierce) 
Vope, both of Massachusetts, was born in Dorches- 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



to the Holy Land, and ended with a visit to 
and the North cape. He is a member of 
Boston clubs, and a thirty-second degree 




WILLIAM POPE. 

ter Dec. 27,1813. His fother was a large lumber- 
merchant there. He has been foremost in all en- 
terprises looking to the advancement of the inter- 
ests of that section of the city. Under the old 
town government he was for a number of )'ears a 
member of the board of selectmen, and after an- 
nexation he represented the district first in the 
common council, serving two years, and then in 
the board of aldermen, where he also served two 
terms. Before anne.xation he was for some time 
on the school committee of the town, and after- 
wards on the Boston school committee, his entire 
service in this capacity covering fifteen years. 
ICarly in life, at the age of thirty, he engaged in 
the lumber business, wholesale and retail, which he 
followed successfully for thirty years, under the firm 
names, first of A. & W. Pope, and then of \Mlliam 
Pope & Co., with yards in Dorchester. He is 
one of the original incorporators of the Homieo- 
pathic Hospital, and has aided largely by his 
means and efforts in bringing that institution to 
its present successful standing. He was for many 



years financially interested in the Dorchester Gas 
Works and the Dorchester Savings Bank, and was 
president of the latter for some time. He also 
started the First National Bank of Dorchester, 
and conducted it successfully to its close, June 8, 
1836. He is Republican in politics, and Unita- 
rian in religion, belonging to Rev. Christopher R. 
Kliot's church. Mr. Pope was married to Sarah A. 
Foster, of Dorchester. She took an equally active 
interest in the Homoeopathic Hospital, and was 
])resident of its Ladies' Aid Society for a number of 
years previous to her death in 1888. Their chil- 
dren now living are John F'oster, F^lizabeth F., wife of 
1 )r. Conrad Wesselhoeft, one of the most prominent 
of the homoeopathic physicians of Boston, and W. 
Carrol Pope, president of the Pope ^L^nganese 
Company of Boston. 

Porter, Alex.andf.r S., was born in Colds Mouth, 
Va., Aug. 25, 1840. His father, John K. Porter, 
was a native of Boston, born on the corner of 
\\ ishuigton and Bedford streets, and his grand- 
I ither owned that property, e.xtending to Harrison 
a\enue. He was educated in Boston, and entered 
his father's office at No. 27 State street when a 
\outh, NLiy I, i860. Ten years later, in the autumn 
of 1870, he went into business on his own account 
ni the same building, where he remained until 1891, 
when he removed into the new State-street E.k- 
change. Subsequently, however, in 1892, he re- 
turned to No. 27. Mr. Porter has long been 
a prominent man in his business, identified with 
the largest transactions in real estate yet recorded 
in the annals of the city. His first large transac- 
tion was the sale of " Scollay's Building " which 
stood for so many years in the middle of Scollay 
square. It was sold in 1867 to Arioch Wentworth 
for $100,000. This was considered in those days 
a large transaction. Mr. Wentworth subsequently 
sold the building to the city for $200,000, and it 
was pulled down. Another large sale made by Mr. 
Porter was of the well-known Deacon estate on 
Boston Neck. The house here was built by Peter 
Parker, for his daughter, early in the fifties, and old 
Bostonians well remember its stately appearance. 
It was a reproduction of a French chateau, and the 
lot, extending from Concord to Worcester streets, 
was surrounded by a high brick wall. It was rarely 
occupied, the owners preferring Paris to Boston as 
a place of residence. An old family servant was 
the sole occupant for many years, and few persons 
had the good fortune to view the interior. It was 
filled with beautiful furniture and rare works of art. 
When Peter Parker died, the estate was sold by 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



353 



Mr. Porter to Paul D. Wallis, a prominent Boston 
builder of that time, for $125,000. Mr. Wallis sold 
the land off in lots, which were long since improved. 
The house still stands, but it is shorn of its former 
glory. For a while it was occupied by the Normal 
Art School. After the great fire of 1872 Mr. 
Porter, who had just returned from Europe, at 
once took a hand in the negotiation of property 
in what was called the "burnt district." His loans 
and negotiations during the following two years 
footed up to millions of dollars. The panic of 
1873 caused a depression in real estate, and for 
the next few years business was almost at a stand- 
still. The tide turned in 1880, and since then 
dealings have reached immense proportions. 
Among the notable transactions in that and the 
following year or two, carried through by Mr. 
Porter, were the sales of large estates to Fred. L. 
Ames : that on the corner of Washington and Court 
streets, now the site of the " Ames Building," the 
Chandler estate on Winter street, the so-called 
"Castor" Building on ^^'ashington near West 
street, the great estate on the corner of fSedford 
and Kingston streets, and the residence of Mr. 
Ames on the corner of Commonwealth avenue and 
Dartmouth street, purchased of Charles Whitney. 
Mr. Porter also sold to ex-Governor Ames the lot 




ALEXANDER S. PORTER. 

of land on which his residence stands. Mr. Porter 
was instrumental in the filling of the " great basin" 



west of West Chester Park, forming a syndicate to 
purchase a large tract of the land, to be paid for 
when filled. It was called the Palfrey syndicate, and 
involved nearly half a million dollars. He also made 
the largest land sale on record in the Back Bay, for 
Henry M. Whitney to John Quincy Adams and 
Charles Francis Adams, amounting to not far from 
a million dollars. This property is on Common- 
wealth-avenue extension, and runs back to Charles 
river. Other large tracts were sold to Henry Lee, 
H. H. Hunnewell, Augustus Lowell, Dudley L. Peck- 
ham, and others. In 1S86 Mr. Porter organized 
the Boston Real Estate Trust, raising by subscrip- 
tions $2,000,000, since increased to $3,500,000. 
The trustees are Robert Codman, Samuel Wells, 
Abbott Lawrence, John Quincy Adams, and Will- 
iam Minot, jr. He was also one of the promot- 
ers of the Berkeley House Company, of which he 
is a director and Aaron W. Spencer is president ; 
and he organized the Boston Storage Warehouse Com- 
pany on West Chester Park. But the largest trans- 
action that has ever been accomplished in the city 
was the conception of the new State-street Exchange 
in 1887. Mr. Porter, believing that Boston was worthy 
of a building that would be a credit to the State as 
well as the city, quietly went to work and bonded 
all the property that could be had, containing in 
all thirty-three thousand square feet or two-thirds 
of an acre. He then made an estimate of the cost 
of a building, the total sum aggregating $3,500,000. 
Within thirty days from the date of the bond the 
entire sum was subscribed, and soon after the prop- 
erty was conveyed to Samuel Wells, C. E. Cotting, 
and James Jackson, trustees. Afterwards a charter 
was obtained and the corporation began the work 
of construction. The building as completed is the 
second largest office-building in the world. Mr. 
Porter has had some notable transactions in sub- 
urban estates, especially on Chestnut Hill and 
neighborhood, and at the seashore. He has also ex- 
tended his operations to the West, having, with the 
aid of Luther S. Cushing, organized a large Western 
connection, and has established offices in Chicago, 
St. Paul, Minneapolis, Kansas City, Omaha, and 
Denver. He is a director of the Campobello 
Island Company, the \Vest Chop Land and Water 
Company, and the Society for the Prevention of 
Title Forgeries ; and he belongs to a number of the 
leading clubs. 

Porter, Charles B., M.D., son of Dr. James B. 
and Harriet (Griggs) Porter, was born in Rutland, 
Vt., Jan. ig, 1840. He comes of a family of phy- 
sicians. His father, a native of Rutland, had an 



354 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



extensive practice there ; his grandfather, Dr. James 
Porter, first practised in Montreal, where he was 
born and removing to Rutland became one of the 
local medical celebrities of the time ; and his great- 
grandfather, Dr. James Porter, was a surgeon in the 
British army under the command of Lord Howe 
and Sir Henry Clinton on Long Island, during the 
Revolution. His mother was the daughter of Joseph 
Griggs, merchant, a native of Brookline, Mass. His 
early training was received from private tutors. He 




CHARLES B. PORTER. 

entered Harvard in 1S58, and after graduation in 
1862, began the study of medicine as a jjrivate 
pupil with Prof. Jeffries Wyman, of Cambridge. 
After a year and a half spent with Dr. ^Vyman he 
further pursued his studies in the Harvard Medical 
School, from which he graduated in 1865. During 
the last year of student life he served as house sur- 
geon to the Massachusetts General Hospital. Early 
in 1865 he was appointed as.sistant surgeon to the 
Armory-square Hospital in Washington, D.C., and 
two weeks after he was made surgeon- in-charge of 
the Armory ward which was used for the reception 
and treatment of wounded army officers. Here he 
remained until the close of the war. Returning to 
Boston early in 1866, he began at once the general 
practice of his profession. That year he was ap- 
pointed surgeon to the out-patients department 01 
the Massachusetts General Hospital, and district 
physician to the Boston Dispensary ; and he was 



also made assistant demonstrator of anatomy in the 
Harvard Medical School. The following year he 
was advanced to the position of surgeon to the Bos- 
ton Dispensary, and was appointed demonstrator of 
anatomy in the Medical School. He continued as 
surgeon to the out-patients department of the Mas- 
sachusetts General Hospital until February, 1875, 
when he was appointed visiting surgeon to the 
hospital. In 1873 he ^^^ appointed instructor in 
surgery in the Medical School, in 1882 assistant 
professor of surgery there, and in 1887 professor of 
clinical surgery, which chair he still holds. He is a 
member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, the 
Boston Society for Medical Improvement, the Bos- 
ton Society for Medical Observation, and the Amer- 
ican Surgical Association ; also of the .Somerset, the 
St. Botolph, the Athletic, and the University Clubs. 
In 1869 he visited Europe, where he spent about a 
year and a half in professional studies in London, 
Paris, Vienna, and Berlin. On June 15, 1865, Dr. 
Porter was married to Miss Harriet A., daughter of 
Samuel P. .Allen, of Cambridge. 

Post, Auner, M.D., was born in Westfield, Mass., 
Aug. 9, 1844. His education was acquired in the 
Westfield schools and in Williston Seminary at 
Easthampton, Mass., where he spent two years, 
graduating in 1866. Subsequently, in 1870, he 
graduated from the Harvard Medical School, receiv- 
ing the degree of M.D. After serving one year as 
house surgeon to the Massachusetts General Hospi- 
tal he went abroad, and there continued his studies, 
chiefly in Vienna. LTpon his return, in 1872, he be- 
came assistant surgeon to the Chelsea Hospital for 
three years. At the close of this service he estab- 
lished himself in Boston, and has been successfully 
engaged in general practice here ever since. He is 
also surgeon to the Boston City Hospital, and clini- 
cal instructor in Harvard LTniversity. He is a mem- 
ber of the Massachusetts Medical Society, the 
Boston Society for Medical Observation, the Boston 
Society for Medical Improvement, and the Ameri- 
can Association of Genito-Urinary Surgeons. He is 
also a member of literary and other organizations, 
among them the St. Botolph Club. 

PiniER, William H., M.D., was born in Boston 
June 20, 1856. He was educated in the Ro.xbury 
Latin School, from which he graduated in 1874, and 
at Harvard College, graduating in 1878. He then 
studied in the Harvard Medical School for two 
years, and later entered the Harvard Dental School, 
from which he graduated in June, 1S85, with the 
degree of D.M.D. In 1887 he was appointed 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



355 



demonstrator of operative dentistry in the Harvard 
Dental School, and in June, 1890, clinical lecturer 
on operative dentistry there. Dr. Potter is an ac- 
tive member of the Harvard Odontological Society 
and the American Academy of Dental Science, and 
an associate member of the New York Odontologi- 
cal Society. 

Powers, Cassius Clay, son of Arba and Naomi 
Powers, natives of Maine, was born in Pittsfield, 
Me., Jan. 23, 1846. He graduated from Bowdoin 
College in 1869. A fine mathematician, he took 
high rank as a scholar, was president of his class one 
year, and delivered the Latin salutatory oration at 
graduation. For two years he was principal of the 
high school at Gardiner, and of the high and gram- 
mar schools at Brunswick, Me., fitting two classes for 
college. He read law with Artemas Libbey, now a 
justice of the Supreme Court of Maine. He was 
admitted to the Kennebec county bar in 1871, and 
to the Suffolk bar in Boston in May, 1872. He has 
since successfully practised in New England and 
New York, in State and United States courts, his 
cases including several important patent-cases. Mr. 
Powers is Republican in politics, with independent 
views; he represented Ward 21 in the city council 
in 1886-7-8. He is past master of Massachu- 
setts Lodge Free Masons, a member of the Royal 
Arcanum, of the Order of the Eastern Star, and of 
Hobomak Tribe of Red Men. He is also a mem- 
ber of the Boston Bar Association, and of the New 
England, Pine Tree State, and Roxbury Clubs. He 
has had five brothers who were lawyers : his brother 
Llewellyn has represented the Fourth Maine Dis- 
trict in Congress ; Cyrus M. has been a member of 
the Maine Legislature and the Governor's Council ; 
Gorham is judge of the Twelfth Judicial District 
Court of Minnesota ; Frederic A. has served in the 
Maine house of representatives and is now a sena- 
tor; and Don. A. H. is his law partner at Houlton, 
a Democrat, and at one time a candidate for Con- 
gress in place of C. A. Boutelle ; the others are Re- 
publicans. Mr. Powers married Miss Annie M. 
Orr, daughter of Rev. John Orr, and granddaughter 
of Benjamin Orr, one of Maine's ablest lawyers. 
He resides in the Roxbury district. 

Powers, Charles Edward, son of Charles and 
Sarah (Brooks) Powers, was born in Townsend, 
Mass., May 9, 1834. He was educated in the pub- 
lic schools and at various New England academies, 
and after graduating at the institution in New 
Hampton, N.H., he became a private pupil in 
mathematics of Professor Knight, of New London, 



N.H. He entered Hari^ird College in 1853, and 
graduateil with the degree of S.B. in 1856, receiv- 
ing the honor of a " magna nun latide." He then 
entered the Harvard Medical School with the view of 
becoming a surgeon, but upon the sudden death 
of his father, he was obliged to abandon the study 
of medicine and surgery and devote himself to his 
father's business. After successfully managing and 
settling the estate he decided to study law, and for 
that purpose entered the Harvard Law School in 
1857, where he graduated in 1858 with the degree of 
LL.B. The following year he formed a law copart- 
nership with Hon. Linus Child and Linus Mason 
Child, under the firm name of Child & Powers, 
counsellors, opening law offices in Boston, where 
they have since remained. He was one of the few 
who believed in the success of the street railways 
which were then being opened. He embarked early 
in the enterprise, became a large owner, and was 
made counsellor and also director and president in 
several of the roads. Soon after settling in Boston 
Mr. Powers also became an active Free Mason ; 
was elected master of Zetland Lodge, and was 
for several years the eminent commander of the 
Boston Commandery of Knights Templar, and for 
three years grand master of the Grand Council of 
ALissachusetts. He has never been an aspirant for 
political office, but for three years, after the great 
fire of 1872, he was unanimously elected by both 
parties to the common council. Afterwards he was 
elected to the Boston water board, where he served 
until the water works were put into the hands of 
commissioners. He and two others had the entire 
charge of the Sudbury-river supply. Mr. Powers 
was married in 1858 to Miss H. E. Fessenden, 
daughter of Hon. Walter Fessenden, of Townsend ; 
they have two daughters : Marion (Mrs. Lamar S. 
Lowry) and Florence Agnes (Mrs. Henry McLellan 
Harding), residing in Pittsburg, Pa. 

Powers, Samuel Leland, son of learned and 
Ruby (Barton) Powers, both natives of New 
Hampshire and of English descent, was born in 
Cornish, N.H., Oct. 26, 1848. He fitted for col- 
lege at Kimball Union Academy and Phillips (Ex- 
eter) Academy, and graduated from Dartmouth in 
1874. He studied law in the law school of the 
University of the City of New York, where he re- 
mained one year, after which he entered the office 
of Verry & Gaskill, of Worcester, and was admitted 
to the Worcester county bar in November, 1875. 
On the first of January the following year he began 
practice in Boston, in partnership with Samuel W. 
McCall. For the past few years he has made a 



356 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



specialty of electrical matters, and has been con- 
nected as counsel with the American Bell Telephone 
and the New England Telephone & Telegraph 
Companies. His offices are in the Bell Tele- 




phone Building on Milk street. He resides in New- 
ton, is a Republican in politics and a Unitarian in 
religion. He was for many years connected with 
the Newton city government. He was one of the 
founders of the Newton Club, and is first vice- 
president of that organization. In June, 1878, he 
was married to Miss Eva Crovvell, of Dennis, Mass. ; 
they have one son, Leland Powers. 

Pr.an(;, Louis, born in Breslau, Germany, in 1824, 
the son of a calico printer, comes of (Norman) 
Huguenot and pure German ancestry. He was a 
delicate child, given to dreaming and critical re- 
flection, and, being spared the close application to 
lessons and tasks required of the sturdier children of 
the household, divided his time between playing, 
watching with imaginative absorption the compli- 
cated processes of his father's trade, and dreaming 
fancies of his own about the myriad figures and hues. 
In his own way he worked, too, as well as dreamed. 
He had ready hands, and the processes of bleaching, 
dyeing, color-mixing, and color-printing, with which 
he soon grew familiar, suggested a host of ambitious 
experiments of his own in these same lines. The 
practical father of the family, feeling after a time 



that the boy needed the commonplace balance of 
mercantile routine, sent him, while yet a lad in his 
teens, to spend a year in the counting-room of a 
friend in Westphalia. Here he found himself in a 
strange, bustling world, where the accomplishments 
he possessed were but moderately esteemed, while 
accomplishments he had never cared for were held 
absolutely necessary. His way of meeting the situa- 
tion was characteristic. Finding, for instance, that 
conventional business correspondence was an un- 
known tongue that had to be learned, he promptly 
made up his mind to learn it, and, saying nothing 
of his purpose, spent hours every night in patiently 
studying and carefully copying the letter-book 
pages, filled each day by the accomplished head 
of the establishment. It was in the same spirit of 
'luiet determination that other phases of mercantile 
routine were studied and mastered ; and when the 
year was over, the new clerk had made himself 
master of them as thoroughly as most young men 
would have done through long application. The 
self-discipline gained through this year's drudgery 
soon showed its value, when changes in the family 
fortunes threw the young man on his own resources. 
In one way and another he had gained a thorough 
practical knowledge of the various arts connected 
with calico-printing, and was regarded as a highly 
skillcil technologist. His unusual gifts for study 
and original investigation came to the notice of a 
wealthy German manufacturer desirous of setting 
up a model establishment for calico-printing. An 
agreement was made with a view to founding such 
an establishment on a basis of the broadest knowl- 
edge of the subject that could be attained. Mr. 
Prang, then but little over twenty years of age, was 
engaged by this patron to spend five years in close 
investigation of the most advanced methods of 
bleaching, dyeing, and color-printing practised in 
Great Britain and the various continental countries, 
and afterwards to organize and superintend a large 
manufactory in Bohemia, where the collated results 
of his comparative study should be put in practical 
operation. The first part of this contract was ad- 
mirably carried out. The most progressive hou.ses 
for dyeing and calico-printing in America, Switzer- 
land, France, England, and Scotland were succes- 
sively visited and exhaustively studied, the student 
of methods often turning workman and securing 
direct employment at the processes he specially 
wished to investigate. But besides being a student 
of technical processes he was always ardently inter- 
ested in politics and social science, and when he 
returned to Germany he carried home not only the 
riper experience in technological directions which 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



357 



he set out to acquire, but also deepened enthusiasm 
in the cause of social democracy. The great revo- 
lutionary uprising of 1848 found him the leader 01 
a prominent revolutionary club in his native country, 
and when the cause was overthrown political com- 
plications blocked the young patriot's professional 
prospects. The plans for the model calico-printing 
establishment had to be given up. The to-be 
superintendent and inaugurator of the new enter- 
prise in calico-printing found himself a political 
refugee, with a prison-cell awaiting his apprehension 
. by government authority. For a time Switzerland 
offered a shelter to him as to other political refugees, 
but the cause for whose sake he lingered seemed 
hopeless. Even Switzerland came to be an insecure 
asylum, and he at length decided to leave the Old 
World to try his fortune in America. It was in 1850 
that he landed in New York. His only capital 
consisted of his practical knowledge of calico- 
printing and the arts connected with it. He was 
unable to find any employment in this direction, 
and for a few years he had a hard and precarious 
living. In the course of one apparent failure he 
learned the art of drawing on stone for lithographic 
purposes, and in another to do fine wood-engraving. 
His talent for wood-engraving, indeed, seemed des- 
tined to decide his career in his adopted country. 
He soon became expert in the craft and was able to 
command a good income ; but the long hours which 
he devoted to this close sedentary labor undermined 
his health and made another change necessary. 
This was really the beginning of his great success. 
He embarked in 1856 in the business of lithography 
in color, and found himself at last in his element. 
Color lithography was then in its infancy ; but with 
Mr. Prang's thorough and broad experience in work 
closely related to this, and his strong faith that 
really good pictorial art in color must in time win 
the appreciation of the people, he made the begin- 
ning of the work by virtue of which his name is now 
a household word. The business had at first to 
sustain itself as it could. Sometimes the particular 
matter in hand was of a commercial nature, like the 
designing and printing of labels for manufactured 
goods. Sometimes, again, it was an original enter- 
prise, like the publication, in 1857, of a lithographed 
picture of Cambridge, with the college buildings in 
the foreground. In i860 Mr. Prang bought out the 
partner with whom he had been associated, con- 
tinuing the same lines of work under the name 
which has since become so widely known, — L. 
Prang & Co., — and his prosperity seemed to be 
fairly assured ; but in 1861 the breaking out of the 
Civil War threatened sudden disaster to general 



business and absolute ruin to his own undertaking. 
It was only a prompt realization of the service pic- 
torial art could render at that juncture of public 
affairs which averted disaster. The very day that 
Fort Sumter was fired upon Mr. Prang set to work 
on a lithograph map of Charleston harbor, and 
the next morning the newsboys were hard-pushed 
to fill the public demand for them on the streets. 
The right note had been struck. The harbor map 
was followed by other maps, pictures of generals 
and battle-grounds, and scenes of army life, all 
immensely popular at the time on account of their 
graphic portrayal of the men and the scenes 
that occupied public thought. As soon as the state 
of the time allowed, Mr. Prang turned his 
attention once more to pictorial color-printing, 
publishing, in the shape of small album-cards, rep- 
resentations of flowers, ferns, birds, and butterflies. 
The ready popularity of these in their turn en- 
couraged him to press on still further toward the 
realization of the long-cherished wish of his heart, 
the reproduction of oil and water-color paintings. 
In 1864 he revisited England, France, and Ger- 
many for the purpose of studying the work of Euro- 
pean lithographers. He found the art declining 
from the high position it previously occupied. In 
spite of all this Mr. Prang had faith to believe that 
the American public would appreciate the high class 
of pictures he desired to publish, and on his return 
to Boston he set to work to reproduce by chromo- 
lithography two landscapes in oil by A. T. Bricher. 
The technical execution of these publications was 
admirable, but the subjects did not appeal at once 
to popular taste, and the undertaking was not im- 
mediately successful. Following these he brought 
out the reproduction of Tait's " Chickens," which 
promptly took the public fancy and was a marked 
success. It was a new revelation to artists, to 
the trade, and to the people, that so perfect a 
reproduction of an oil painting could be brought 
within the means of the ordinary purse. It was 
evident that a new era had arrived in the history of 
pictorial art. Public interest in the Prang publica- 
tions steadily increased, and new subjects were con- 
stantly added to the publisher's lists. .-X name 
had to be found for these new creations, and Mr. 
Prang coined the word " chromos " for their trade 
designation. The popularity which he gained for 
this word soon brought it into use wherever color- 
prints were known, but the abuse made of it by 
unscrupulous competition brought it later into disre- 
pute. The products of the Prang ])resses soon 
became well known in England and on the Conti- 
nent. In 1870, visiting a picture store in Prague 



358 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



(Bohemia), Mr. Prang had some of his own publica- 
tions pointed out to him as marvels of art-printing. 
For many years, before the springing up of the 
English and German houses which have since come 
to do good work in somewhat similar lines, it was 
difficult to meet the large European demand for the 
Prang pictures. How the movement for the popu- 
larization of art grew and strengthened in our own 
country will be remembered by all persons of the 
present generation who are interested in the subject. 
Every year public appreciation of the work grew 
broader in extent and more intelligently critical in 
character. In 1873 Mr. Prang made a large exhibit 
at the Vienna Exposition and received high honors 
from artists and technical experts. It was on the 
occasion of this exposition that he set the fashion 
of artistically ornamented business cards printed in 
colors. But the most remarkable evidence of 
public interest in his work was afforded by the 
continuous delight taken in his Christmas and other 
holiday cards. It was in 1874 that he began to 
publish Christmas cards. The first editions went 
to England, where they became at once a popular 
" craze." It was impossible to print the cards fast 
enough to satisfy public demand. The next season, 
better equipped for the task, he introduced Christmas 
cards into the United States. Here, as in England, 
the dainty things appealed at once to the public. 
The history of this branch of the work is a story of 
romance as well as of business success. Mr. Prang 
spared no pains and no money to secure the best 
thought and most exquisite fancy in the designing 
of the cards he sent out. At least half a million 
dollars went, during the reign of the Christmas card, 
to the artists, professional and amateur, who fur- 
nished the original sketches, and T;he clear eyes 
of the head of the house could see merit in the 
work of an unknown hand as well as in that bear- 
ing a famous signature, if the merit was really 
there. Many an artist now well known and pros- 
perous gained his first real recognition at Louis 
Prang's hands, and owes his first success to the 
faithful and. sympathetic presentation of his work to 
a great public in the shape of some holiday card. 
Public exhibitions of accepted designs were several 
times held in New York, and prizes awarded both 
according to popular verdict and the judgment of 
professional critics ; and great interest was shown 
in these exhibitions by both classes of visitors. 
It was just at this time that Mr. Prang became 
responsibly identified with the educational de- 
velopment of art in America — that is to say, with 
art as a factor in common-school instruction. The 
study of drawing had been pursued in the public 



schools of Massachusetts for some ten years, under 
the leadership of Mr. Walter Smith, a graduate of 
the South Kensington .^rt School. Mr. Smith 
established the Massachusetts Normal Art School 
and prepared several series of text-books in drawing, 
and Mr. Prang became early identified with these 
text-books as their publisher and the manufacturer 
of models and examples for art study. It had, 
however, become evident that the study of drawing, 
in order to become a vital part of the educational 
system of the country, must be placed on a much 
sounder basis of pedagogical principles than it had 
hitherto known, and that more practical account 
must be taken of the condition of actual school- 
room work and of the relation of the study of draw- 
ing to the rest of the school curriculum. Mr. 
Smith's retirement from the undertaking left on 
Mr. Prang's shoulders the responsibility of bringing 
public-school work in drawing into harmony with 
these advanced ideas. He met the emergency 
with wisdom born of faith and foresight. He real- 
ized that no one person could possibly have a suf- 
ficiently broad grasp of the artistic, psychological, 
and executive problems involved, and one of his 
first steps taken was therefore to associate with 
himself accomplished specialists representing vari- 
ous conditions of the educational idea in art. Mr. 
John S. Clark and Mrs. Mary Dana Hicks have 
thus for many years been co-workers with him in 
the cause of art education ; and the widening circle 
of which these three form the central point includes 
most of the well-known and honored public-school 
directors and teachers of drawing throughout the 
country, as well as directors of leading art and in- 
dustrial schools and schools for manual training. 
Here again, as in the popularization of fine art in 
the home, the work on which Mr. Prang had set 
his heart soon far surpassed in its thoroughness aad 
real artistic character the best that had been done 
in the same directions in Europe. One of the leading 
Cierman educational journals, the " Psedagogium " of 
Leipsic, recently published a critical review from 
the pen of a professor in the University of Zurich, 
of the Prang course in form study and drawing, 
and a comparison of its principal feature with those 
of the drawing taught in the continental schools. 
Mr. Prang has, for the last four or five years, been 
giving renewed energy to the completion of an old 
and beloved task, — the establishment of universally 
accepted color-standards and a universally intelligi- 
ble color-nomenclature. After numberless experi- 
mental attempts with the assistance of the best 
accessible color-experts, he now feels confident 
of a successful issue. Mr. Prang's business under- 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



359 



takings have been large, his business success soHd ; 
but it is, after all, the type of the idealist rather than 
that of the man of affairs that best represents him 
and his share in the life of the times. His aim and 
purpose have always been to produce more and 
more perfectly, with the materials at hand, works of 
liL-auty in form and color, and to awaken in the 
]iublic mind a constantly broader and truer apprecia- 
tion of beauty of form and color. It was a high 
aim, and it has been worthily achieved. 

Pra'it, Charles E., lawyer and litterateur, was 
born in Vassalborough, Me., March 13, 1S45 ; son 
of Rev. Joseph H. Pratt, son of Nathan Pratt, 
merchant of Roxbur)', son of Simeon Pratt, currier, 
who came to Roxbury in Revolutionary days, re- 
sided in the house still standing between the Nor- 
folk House and Hotel Eliot, and was one of the 
(barter members and warden of the Washington 
Lodge of Masons. Charles E. Pratt was graduated 
from Haverford College, Pa., in 1870; finished his 
law studies with Messrs. Jones & Otis, former as- 
^o( iates with Governor Andrew, and was admitted 
to the Suffolk bar in June, 187 1, and to the United 
States bar in July, 1872. First in general practice 
of the law, he soon made a specialty of patent 
< auses. In May, 1881, he became attorney and 
( ounsel for the Pope Manufacturing Company, a 
position which he still holds. He represented Ward 
21 in the Boston common council five vears, and 
was president of that body in iSSi and 1882. In 
politics he is Independent. He is a member of 
the Society of Friends, and was the first Quaker to 
hold office in Boston, and the first of that religious 
belief to speak on Boston Common since the execu- 
tion of Mary Dyer, which he did as orator for Post 
113, G.A.R., on Decoration Day, 1882. He has 
long been engaged in literary work ; founded " The 
Bicycling World," was an early editor of " Outing," 
is the author of "The American Bicycler," and 
other books. He projected the League of Ameri- 
can \Vheelmen, a national organization, and was its 
first president. One of the earliest riders, a writer, 
speaker, and practical authority on the rights, 
privileges, and interests of bicycling as an art and 
an industry, he has been widely recognized as one 
of its chief defenders and promoters in this coun- 
try. Mr. Pratt is a member of the Papyrus, St. 
Botolph, and University Clubs of Boston, of the 
Soci6t6 des Bibliophiles Contemporains of Paris, 
and of several other societies. In 1872 he was 
married to Miss Georgiana E. Folic, niece of 
Richard Ball, of Worcester, Mass. He resides in 
the Roxbury district. 



PR.A1T, Harvey Hunter, son of Henry Jones 
and Maria (Hunter) Pratt, was born in Philadel- 
phia, Pa., Feb. 24, 1860. He was educated in the 
public schools of Abington, Mass. Upon leaving 
school he became the editor of the "Brockton 
Advance " and the publisher of the " Abington 
News." In 1880 he began the study of law, first 
with Keith & Simmons, of Abington, and then with 
Perez Simmons, of Hanover, and entering the 
Harvard Law School he graduated therefrom in 
1883. Admitted to the bar in September of the 
same j'ear, he formed a partnership with John F. 
Simmons, of Hanover. This association still con- 
tinues, the firm having offices in Abington and 
Boston. In 1881 Mr. Pratt was an unsuccessful 
candidate on the Democratic ticket for register of 
deeds of Plymouth county, and in 1886 he was 
nominated for the State senate from the First Ply- 
mouth District, but failed of election. In the two 
years following, however, he was elected to the lower 
branch of the Legislature. Both years he served 
upon the committee on the judiciary. In 1887 he 
was appointed assistant to Hon. Hosea Kingman, 
that year elected district attorney for the South- 
eastern District, and this relation continued until 
Mr. Kingman was made chairman of the metro- 
politan sewerage commission. In the fall of 1889 
Mr. Pratt stood as the Democratic candidate for 
district attorney, and was again unsuccessful, being 
defeated by a few votes ; but the following year he 
was elected by a majority of two thousand eight 
hundred, that being the usual majority given the 
Republican candidates in that district. Mr. Pratt 
has held minor town-offices in Abington, where he 
has lived the greater part of his life, and has been a 
member of the Democratic State central, county, 
and senatorial committees. He is unmarried. 

Pratt, Miles, descended from Joshua Pratt, who 
came to Plymouth in the "Ann," in 1623, was 
born in Carver, Mass., Sept. 17, 1825. At an early 
date lands were granted to Joshua Pratt in that part 
of Plymouth which is now Carver, and from that 
time to the present one branch of the family has 
made that town its place of residence. David Pratt, 
the father of Miles, lived in Carver, and devoted the 
earliest years of his manhood to teaching school. 
Eventually, however, he carried on a foundry in 
the north part of his native town. He married 
Sarah, daughter of Thomas Barrows, of Carver, a 
decendant of John Barrows, who also received grants 
of land in Carver at an early date, and died in 1692. 
Miles Pratt at the age of fifteen entered upon the 
occupation of selling hollow-ware, the product of his 



360 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



father's factory, and from that time until his death 
his career was one of active industry. About the 
year 1850, "after having been with his father some 
years as a partner, he entered the store of li. \\'. 
Dunklee & Co., dealers in stoves, as salesman, and 
remained in their employ one year, when, with a 
son of Mr. Gould, an old president of the Blackstone 
Bank, he formed a partnership, under the name of 
Pratt & Gould, in the retail stove-business. In 1854 
a new partnership was formed, under the name of 
Pratt, Weeks, & Co., with William G. Lincoln, Allen 
S. Weeks, and his uncles Thomas and John Jay 
Barrows as partners. At that time his father, David 
Pratt, having retired from business, the new firm 
engaged for a year in the manufacture of castings in 
Carver, while building a foundry in Watertown for 
the manufacture of cook and parlor stoves and 
stove-ware. In 1855 the new foundry was finished, 
and a considerable business was soon built up, 
mainly for the Eastern market and that of the Prov- 
inces. In 1857, owing to severe financial depres- 
sion, the firm dissolved, and, while its creditors 
suffered no loss, Mr. Pratt was deprived of the earn- 
ings of his previous years, emerging from the wreck 
of his firm a poor man, but with integrity and busi- 
ness vigor unimpaired. With a determination rarely 
exhibited in such cases he at once took a lease of 
the \\'atertown foundry on his own account, and 
carried on its business alone with marked success 
until the following year, 1858, when he formed a 
partnership with Luke Perkins, also a native of 
Carver, under the name of Pratt & Perkins, with 
William G. Lincoln, one of his old partners, as a 
special partner. In 1863 Mr. Perkins left the firm, 
and that of Miles Pratt & Co. was formed, with Mr. 
Lincoln as the partner. In 1874 this firm was con- 
solidated with that of George W. Walker & Co., of 
Boston, under the name of Walker, Pratt, & Co., 
with Mr. Lincoln and Horace G. and George W. 
Walker as partners. In 1875 the company was 
incorporated, under the name of the Walker & Pratt 
Manufacturing Company, with George \\'. Walker as 
president and Miles Pratt as treasurer. After the 
death of Mr. Pratt, George E. Priest became treas- 
urer, and the company is still doing a large business, 
with store on L'nion street. Since 1863 Oliver Shaw, 
also a native of the town of Carver, has been the 
superintendent of the manufacturing business. Mr. 
Pratt married, in 1851, Sarah B., daughter of Zeb- 
ulon Chandler, of Carver, a descendant from 
Edward Chandler, who appeared in Duxbury in 
1633. Mrs. Pratt died March 25, 1858, leaving 
no children. On the 6th of October, 1859, Mr. 
Pratt married IvUen M. Coolidge, of Watertown : 



they have had one child, Grace, who married 
Frederick Robinson, of Watertown. Mr. Pratt died 
in Watertown on the 9th of August, 1882, and 
was buried at Mount Auburn. His death occurred 
at a time when his brain appeared to be in the 
fullest vigor, and when, with his difficulties, embar- 
rassments, and obstacles successfully surmounted, 
he was enjoying the fruits of his labors and indulg- 
ing in ambitious and well-founded hopes of en- 
hanced success. He permitted no outside schemes 
and enterprises to distract his mind, and accepted 
no office except that of trustee of the Watertown 
Savings Bank, of which he was the most active 
founder. Brought up in politics as a Whig, he pre- 
served his independence of speech and thought, and 
abandoned the party of his youth when he believed 
it untrue to the principles of human freedom. 
Afterwards a Republican, he was still independent, 
and recognized no authority binding him to its 
ranks when he believed it hail outlived its usefulness 
and purpose. Nor in religious matters, more than 
m politics, was he bound by traditions. Born in the 
Orthodox Congregational Church and educated under 
its influences, he became in the latter part of his life 
a Swedenborsrian, and died in that faith. 



Pr.a 



William, was 




1852. He sc-rveil his time as an apprentice with 
T. J. Whidden, and went into business as a mason 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



361 



and builder in 1876. In 1878 he formed a copart- 
nership with Joseph L. Gooch, and established the 
firm of Gooch & Pray, which has become one of the 
leading building and contracting concerns of New 
England. Under his own personal supervision Mr. 
Pray erected the Boston Rubber Shoe Company 
works ; the Fire Department repair-shops ; the 
American Express Company's stables, the largest 
and most expensive stables in the country ; the Atlas 
and other storehouses ; the Real Estate Tnist Build- 
ing, and other large structures in Boston ; the 
Masonic hall in Maiden for Mr. Yerxa ; the Old 
Colony station at New Bedford ; cells, wards, etc., 
for the State Prison ; and other large works in the 
Eastern States. Mr. Pray is the president of the 
Builders' Adjustable Staging Company, and is an 
active member of the Master Builders' .Association. 
He was married in Boston July 3, 1883, to Miss A. 
F. Allard. He resides in Maiden. 

Prf.hle, Joseph H., was born in Canton, Mass., 
April 7, 1847. He came to Boston in 1863, and 
was for a number of years foreman for James P. 
Neal, who was a successful and substantial Boston 
builder for twenty-one years. After the death of Mr. 
Neal, who was accidentally killed on the Boston & 
Albany Railroad in 1880, his son Alfred J. Neal 
joined in partnership with Mr. Preble, and the pres- 
ent firm of Neal & Preble was formed and succeeded 
to the business of J. P. Neal. Their work is shown 
in a number of noteworthy buildings, among them 
the Park Building, comer of Boylston and Park 
square ; the Minot Building, on Devonshire street ; 
the Fay Building, on Court street and Franklin 
avenue ; the Phillips Estate Building, Nos. 7, 8, and 
9 Hamilton place ; and the Hamilton Place Building. 
Among their alterations are included the Adams 
Buildings and the addition to the Globe Building. 
Mr. Preble is one of the active members of the 
Master Builders' Association and of the Charitable 
Mechanic Association. 

Presco'it, Charles J., son of Edward and Catha- 
rine L. (Clough) Prescott, was born in Boston Feb. 
15, 1838. He was educated in the Boston public 
schools, graduating from the English High School in 
the class of 1856. He was first employed as a clerk 
in the coal and wood business ; then in May, 1862, 
he became a partner in the firm of W. L. & C. J. 
Prescott, and this association continued until 1887. 
From 1889 to 1891 he was one of the commission- 
ers of public institutions, appointed to that posi- 
tion by Mayor Hart ; he had previously ser\-ed for 
five years (1876-81) upon the board of directors 



for public institutions, under whose charge the in- 
stitutions were placed before the creation of the 
commission. He has been a member of the school 
board (from 1870 to 1875), an alderman (1874 
and 1875), ^"^d ^ member of the lower house of 
the Legislature (1877, 1878, and 1879), serving as 
chairman of the committee on charitable institutions. 
In State and national politics he is Republican, and 
has ser\-ed on the Republican ward and city commit- 
tee and State central committee ; in city affairs he is a 
non-partisan. Mr. Prescott was married in Thetford, 
Vt., Dec. 30, 1868, to Anna F. Hinckley, daughter 
of Judge Hinckley of that town ; they have had five 
children : Arabella, Edward Lyman, Charles J., jr., 
.\nna Hinckley, and Samuel Cobb Prescott (de- 
ceased). 

Preston-, William Gihbons, architect, son of Jona- 
than Preston, is a native of Boston. He began his 
career as an architect in his father's office in 1861, 
after a long and careful training in Cambridge and 
Paris. The number and character of prominent 
buildings in different sections of the country de- 
signed by him are the best evidences of his taste 
and skill. He has erected, among other structures, 
the building of the Boston Society of Natural His- 
tory on Boylston street, the new Rogers Building 
belonging to the Institute of Technology, the Massa- 
chusetts Charitable Mechanic Association Building on 
Huntington avenue, the Mason Building on Kilby 
street, the unique Public Library Building in the 
town of Lincoln, the new John Hancock Building on 
Devonshire street, the Quincy Market Cold Storage 
Warehouse, six large buildings of the Boston Uni- 
versity, a large private hotel on the Back Bay, the 
Cadet Armory, the Brewer apartment-house, and 
many others in and around Boston. In the city of 
Savannah, Ga., he built the Cotton Exchange, the 
Court House, the Presbyterian Church, and the De 
Soto Hotel, besides many residences. In Columbus, 
Ga., he designed the office-building of the Columbus 
Investment Company ; and his plans were followed 
in the constniction of eleven buildings for the Mas- 
sachusetts School for the Feeble-Minded at Waltham 
and South Boston. The power-house and boiler- 
house of the West End Street Railway Company at 
Boston, and also those at East Cambridge, are his 
design ; and he has built many handsome residences 
in this city, Cambridge, and Brookline. 

Prince, Charles Albert, son of Frederick O. 
and Helen (Henry) Prince, was born in Win- 
chester, Mass., Aug. 26, 1852. He was educated 
in the Winchester public schools, the Boston Latin 



36: 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



School, from which he graduated in the class of 
1869, and Harvard College, graduating in the class 




CHARLES A. PRINCE. 

of 1873. He studied law in the office ol the late 
Sidney Bartlett, and was admitted to the bar in 
1875. He at once began i)ractice in Boston, and 
has since continued here, meeting with marked suc- 
cess. For several years he has been general coun- 
sel for the New York and New England Railroad. 
He is a public administrator for Suffolk county. He 
is prominent in club life, being a member of the 
Somerset, Union, Algonquin, Athletic, University, 
and " down-town " clubs in Boston ; of the Man- 
hattan and Lawyers' Clubs of New York ; the Coun- 
try Club ; and fishing-clubs in Maine and on Cape 
Cod. He is also a member of the Boston Bar 
Association. In June, 1881, he was married to Miss 
Helen Choate Pratt, a granddaughter of Rufus 
Choate ; they have one child, Helen Choate Pratt 
Prince. 

Proctor, Thomas Parker, son of Daniel Proctor, 
a native of Chelmsford, and the si.xth generation 
to reside in that town, and of Elizabeth (Parker) 
Proctor, a member of the well-known Parker family 
of New Boston, N.H., was born in Chelmsford, 
Mass., June 27, 183 1. He was prepared for college 
at Phillips (.'\ndover) Academy, entered Harvard, 
and was graduated in the class of 1854. Two years 
later, in 1856, he graduated from the law depart- 



ment of the University. He had also studied in 
the office of Charles Tracy, of New York, and was 
admitted to the bar in that city in 1854, but con- , 
tinued his studies until his graduation from the law 1 
school. He then began practice in Boston, in the | 
office of Harvey Jewell. In 1S62 Hon. William W. ' 
\Varren, late member of Congress, became his part- j 
ner, and the association continued until Mr. War- : 
ren's death, in 1880. For four years after, Henry ' 
R. Brigham was associated with him, and this part- ; 
nership continued until the death of Mr. Brigham. 
Since 188S he has had as partners Eugene Tappan 
and Bendey W. Warren, son of his former partner. 
His office is at No. 31 Pemberton square. Mr. I 
Proctor was a Republican until tariff issues were 
raised, since which time he has been independ- 
ent in his political views. Of late years he has 
affiliated with the Democrats, especially on the 
tariff question. He has never aspired to any politi- 
cal office. He is a memlier of the I'nion Club, 
and of the Eliot Club, Jamaica Plain, where he 
resides. His practice has been general in charac- 
ter, but he has large and valuable trusts in his 
charge. 

Procior, Tho.mas William, son of Thomas and 
Susan R. (Pool) Proctor, was born in Hollis, N.H., 
Nov. 20, 1858. He was educated in the common 
schools of his native town, the Lawrence Academy 
of Groton, Mass., from which he graduated in the 
class of 1875, and Dartmouth College, graduating 
in the class of 1879. Then he came to Boston and 
attended the Boston L'niversity Law School for a 
year — 1882-3. Admitted to the Suffolk bar in 
October, 1883, he was law clerk to the district at- 
torney for Suffolk from July until October, 18X4, 
when he became a member of the law-firm (if 
Hardy, Elder, & Proctor. This was soon after 
changed to Elder & Proctor, and so continued 
until December, 1886, when Mr. Proctor was ap- 
pointed second assistant district attorney for the 
Suffolk District. In December of the follow- 
ing year he was appointed first assistant district 
attorney for the same district, and this position 
he held until May, 1891, when he was made as- 
sistant city solicitor of Boston, the place he now 
holds. 

Pl'RMAN, WiLLLAM J., SOU of RcV. Johu K. aud ; 

Sarah (Harter) Purman, was born in Centre county, 
Pa., April 11, 1840. He received his early educa- 
tion in the public schools, and finished his scholastic 
course at the .-^aronsburg Academy, being obliged 
to abandon his ambition for a collegiate course on j 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



I account of a lack in the family exchequer. He 
taught school in his early teens, read law, and was 
admitted to the bar at the breaking out of the Civil 
War. He at once entered the United States army, 
and served with high commendation under Generals 
Meigs, Crane, Meade, and Sprague, receiving from 
the latter when in Florida the compliment of 
brevet major. He was a member of the constitu- 
tional convention of Florida, and was a prominent 
leader during the reconstruction period in that 
State. He was thrice elected to the State senate, 
and served as chairman of the committees on 
judiciary and privileges and elections. While a 
member of this body he was nominated by the 
governor and confirmed by the senate as sec- 
retary of State, was appointed and confirmed 
chairman of a commission to negotiate with Ala- 
bama for the sale of West Florida, and was the 
guest of the State of Alabama for several months. 
He was judge of the Court of Jackson County, 
brigadier-general of the State militia, chairman of 
the Republican State committee, president of a 
West Florida railroad corporation, and was largely 
interested in a number of extensive enterprises. 
He was appointed by President Grant, and con- 
firmed by the Senate, as assessor of the United 
States internal revenue for the District of Florida, 




^63 

election to Congress he was also, on the same 
ticket, elected to a seat in the lower house of the 
State Legislature. There is probably no parallel case 
to this in all the history of the States. He was one 
of the unfortunate victims of the Clrant & Ward 
failure in New York city, in 1884. That year he 
removed with his family to Boston, " that his chil- 
dren," as he expressed it, " might enjoy the extraor- 
dinary educational advantages of Boston, and grow 
up into manhood and womanhood amid the grand 
and sturdy influences of New England." He has 
for years been an active member of many frater- 
nities. Masonic, Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, 
Knights of Honor, the order of American Work- 
men, and numerous others. Since his residence 
in Boston he has made fraternal cooperative insur- 
ance a subject of study and investigation. On Oct. 
19, 1 87 1, Mr. Purman was married to Miss Leadora 
Finlayson, of Marianna, Fla. ; they have six chil- 
dren : Lola, Fay, Carroll, Stanley, Helen, and 
" Cootie " Purman. 

Putnam, J. Pickering, architect, son of John 
Pickering and Harriet (Upham) Putnam, was born 
in Boston April 3, 1847. He was educated in 
private schools, the Boston Latin, and. Harvard 
College, graduating from the latter in 1868. He 
finished his studies abroad at L'Ecole des Beaux 
Arts and the Royal Academy of Architecture in 
Berhn. He began the practice of his profes- 
sion in Boston about the year 187 1. He is a 
member of the Boston Society of Architects. 
In 1885 Mr. Putnam was married to Miss 
(irace E. Stevens; they have one child, Grace 
E. Putnam. 



and was elected to the Forty-third, Forty-fourth, and 
Forty-fifth Congresses. On the same day of his re- 



QUIMBY, Ralph A., was born in Boston in 
June, 1855. He was educated in the public 
schools and the English High School. LTpon 
leaving school he entered the surveyor's depart- 
ment of the city. After serving here for eight 
years he was appointed assistant engineer in the 
sewer department, and in 1889 was promoted to 
the position of chief engineer of that department. 
At the beginning of Mayor Hart's term he was 
appointed superintendent temporarily to fill a 
vacancy. In May, 1891, under Mayor Matthews, 
he was appointed executive engineer of the board 
of survey, which position he now holds. He is 
connected with the Masons, past master of Mount 
Tabor Lodge, and with the Royal Arcanum. He 
is a member of the Boston Society of Civil 
Engineers. 



3^4 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



RAND, Arnold A., son of Edward Sprague and 
Elizabeth (Arnold) Rand, of the eighth genera- 
tion in descent in Massachusetts from Robert and 
Alice Rand who settled in Charlestown in 1635, 
was born in Boston March 25, 1837. He was 
educated in public and private schools in Boston 
and Dedham, and by a course of study abroad. 
He was fitted for college and intended to enter 
Harvard in the class of 1858, but he entered the 
business field instead. His training began in the 
counting-room of William B. Reynolds & Co., 
commission merchants, where he passed the 
successive grades to assistant book-keeper. 'I'hen 
he went abroad and spent two years in study. 
Upon his return to Boston he went into the bank- 
ing-house of Blake, Howe, & Co., and remained 
with them and their successors, Blake Brothers & 
Co., as cashier, until the outbreak of the Civil 
War. He was at that time a member of the Fourth 
Battalion, Massachusetts Volunteer Militia. He was 
commissioned, Oct. 30, 1861, as second lieutenant 
First Massachusetts Cavalry, was soon promoted 
to a captaincy, and in the following year was made 
assistant adjutant-general with the rank of captain, 
and ordered to duty in the Department of the 
South. In the fall of 1863 he was recalled by 
Governor Andrew, assigned as superintendent of 
recniiting for Suffolk county, and directed to form 
the Fourth Regiment Massachusetts Cavalry, of 
which he was commissioned lieutenant-colonel. 
Early in 1864 he was promoted to the colonelcy, 
and took the regiment to the Army of the James. 
Thereafter he was in active service until his resigna- 
tion in 1865. Returning to Boston after the close 
of the war, he began the study of law in his father's 
office, and in 1874 was admitted to the Suffolk bar. 
For several years he devoted himself to real-estate 
and probate practice. Then in 1885, in connection 
with the late N. J. Bradlee, he formed the Massa- 
chusetts Title Insurance Company, becoming its 
vice-president and office manager, in which posi- 
tions he has continued to the present time (1892). 
Colonel Rand is an active member of the Military 
Order of the Loyal Legion, serving since 1881 as 
recorder of the Commandery of Massachusetts, 
and of the Orand Army Post 144, serving for some 
time on the department staff. In 1884 he was 
nominated by Mayor Martin as a police commis- 
sioner, but, owing to a deadlock between the com- 
mon council and the mayor, was not confirmed. 
He was married in 1877 to Miss Annie Eliza 
Brownell, of New Bedford. He resides in Boston. 

Rand, Geor(;e D., architect, son of Philander 



and Francis ( Dutton) Rand, was born in Coventry, 
Vt., May 24, 1833. His early education was ob- 
tained in schools in Brownington and St. Johnsbury, 
Vt. He began work on a newspaper in St. Johns- 
bury, and subsequently was editor of the "Caledo- 
nian." Meanwhile he studied architecture, and in 
1 86 1 began the practice of his profession in Hart- 
ford, Conn. Then, in 1869, he came to Boston and ; 
has since remained here. In 1881 he entered 
into partnership with Bertrand E. Taylor, under the 1 
firm name of Rand & Taylor. On Oct. 14, 1 85 7, 
he married Miss Martha J. Crossman. 

Rannev, Ambrose A., son of Waitstill R. and Phcebe 
(Atwood) Ranney, was born in Townshend, ^'t., ' 
April 16, 1821 ; his father was the leading physician [ 
of the town, and for two years lieutenant-governor 
of the State. He was fitted for college in the i 
Townshend .\cademy, and entering Dartmouth was 
graduated in the class of 1844. Then he studied ! 
law with Hon. Andrew Tracy, in Woodstock, \l., 
and in December, 1847, was admitted to the ^'er- 
mont bar. Removing immediately to Boston, he ' 
was admittetl to the Suffolk bar in June, 1848, and , 
has practised here ever since, early occupying a 
leading position in his profession. In 1855 and 
1856 he was city solicitor. He has been a Repub- 1 
lican since the organization of that party. He has { 
served in the lower house of the Legislature three 
terms (1857, 1863, and 1864) and in Congress ; 
three terms (the Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth, 
and Forty-ninth Congresses), taking a promi- 
nent part in the work of both bodies. During i 
his first two terms at Washington he was a member 
of the committee on elections; and his third, of , 
the committees on the judiciary and to investigate 
the Pan Electric scheme. Mr. Ranney was married \ 
in Cavendish, Vt., Dec. 4, 1850, to Miss Maria D. 
Fletcher ; they have one son and three daughters : 
Fletcher (now a partner in the law firm), Maria F., 
Helen M., and Alice Ranney (now Mrs. Thomas 
Allen). 

Rawson, Warren W., son of Warren Rawson, was 
born in West Cambridge (now Arlington) Jan. 23, 
1847. He was educated in the public schools of 
his native town, also at the Cotting Academy, and 
at a commercial college in Boston. At the age of 
seventeen he began work with his father, who was a 
leading market-gardener. He studied the science of 
the business, nature and plants, soil best adapted to 
them, etc., and was successful in his undertakings. 
\Vhen twenty-one years old he purchased half of his 
father's farm, and three years later the remainder. 




CZ-'T^-f^-T'^-Cy 




Vi/vrfoAA^^, 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



365 



He also owns a place on the corner of Medford and 
Warren streets, Arlington, purchased about ten years 
ago of W. H. Whittemore. His residence and hot- 
houses are here established. He has advanced 
rapidly in the business. He was the first to build 
hot-houses to any extent in his town, and the first 
to put in an irrigating plant for outside purposes. 
He was also the first to use steam in heating green- 
houses, and the first to use electric light in bringing 
forward plants. He found that this light hastened 
the growth of plants about fifteen per cent., partic- 
ularly in the winter season. His place embraces 
one hundred acres. He employs sixty-five men and 
twenty-five horses, uses three thousand cords of 
manure each year, besides fertilizers, and is the 
most extensive market-gardener in this part of the 
country, and is the leading producer of celery. He 
also has a large seed-store at No. 34 South Market 
street, Boston. He grows large quantities of seeds 
to supply the market-gardeners, and has been instru- 
mental in introducing many new kinds of vege- 
tables. An energetic, public-spirited man, he 
occupies many prominent positions. He is presi- 
dent of the Middlesex Agricultural Society of 
Concord ; president of the Market Gardeners' Asso- 
ciation of Boston ; member of the State Board of 
Agriculture, and one of the executive committee of 
that board ; member of the board of control of the 
Massachusetts Experiment Station at Amherst : 
president of the Brackett Club, which was instru- 
mental in electing J. Q. A. Brackett governor in 
1889 ; chairman of the Republican town committee : 
and a member of the school committee, now serv- 
ing his third term of three years each. He often 
officiates as moderator of the town meetings. He 
is a well-known lecturer on agriculture, is the author 
of a work entitled " Success in Market Gardening," 
and also of a work on celery culture. In the spring 
of 1 890 he was appointed by the governor chairman 
of the Gypsy Moth Commission. On Feb. 20, 
1868, Mr. Rawson was married to Helen M. Mair : 
their family consisted of two children, only one 
of whom (Mabel) survives. His wife died May 4, 
1872. He married his present wife, Sarah E. Mair, 
Sept. 21, 1874; they have had three children, 
two of whom (Alice and Herbert Rawson) are 
living. 

Reade, J<)H\, son of Patrick and Mary (O'Neil) 
Reade, was born in Kilkenny, Ire., Dec. i, 1825, 
and came to this country when a lad. He was edu- 
cated in the public schools and began work as a 
spinner in a Waterford, Conn., woollen mill. This 
was in 1846; two years later he went to Milford 



and took charge of one of the departments of 
the woollen mill there ; and in that town he re- 
mained nearly twenty years, engaged part of the 
time in the boot and shoe business and later in 
the real-estate, accumulating considerable wealth. 
In 1 868 he removed to Charlestown, where he 
still resides, engaged principally in the real- 
estate business. In 1861 he organized at his 
own expense a company of the Forty-eighth Regi- 
ment Massachusetts Volunteers, and went with 




JOHN READE. 

them to the front. He also raised a company 
for the Fifty-seventh Veterans later during the 
war. When attached to the Twenty-seventh Regi- 
ment, July 30, 1864, he was taken prisoner at 
Petersburg. He was the only commissioned officer 
left when captured at the mine, all the rest being 
killed, wounded, or sick. For over seven months 
he was confined in the rebel prison. At the close of 
the war he was commissioned captain for bravery 
and meritorious ser\-ices. Captain Reade has been a 
member of the Democratic ward and city committee 
for several years, president of the local lodge of the 
Land League, treasurer of the Ancient Order of 
Hibernians, a member of the Charitable Irish So- 
ciety, of the Montgomery Light Guards, of the 
G.A.R., and colonel of the Thomas Francis 
Meagher Post 3, Veteran Union. He was a member 
of the lower house of the Legislature of 1880, 1881, 
and 1882. 



366 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Reed, James Russell, son of James and Mary J. 
(Magee) Reed, was born in Boston Jan. 4, 1851. 
The family of Reeds belong in Burlington, Mass., 
and his father was formerly a Boston merchant. 
He was fitted for college in the grammar and Latin 
schools of Boston, and entered Harvard, from which 
he graduated in 187 1. For three years he taught 
school, being principal of the Bristol Academy, 
Taunton, and then entered the Harvard Law 
School. He read law also in the office of Thomas 
Livermore one year. He was admituil to the bar 
in 1876, and has been engai^rd in -. una! mercan- 
tile practice ever since at No. <>.S KcMnishire street. 
In 1886 and 1887 he was assistant United States 
attorney under George M. Stearns. Mr. Reed is a 
Democrat in politics. He has twice been candidate 
for the State senate, but the district in which he re- 
sides (Burlington) is largely Republican. He has 
been counsel for many years of the leading fish and 
game associations, and is considered an authority on 
game and fish laws second to none in New Eng- 
land. He has been chairman of the executive 
committee of the Young Men's Democratic Club of 
Massachusetts, and is now a vice-president of the 
organization. He is a member of the Union Club. 



Rhodes, SiKi-nh 



H. 




and Betsey (Bird) Rhodes, 
Mass., Nov. 7, 1825. He 



public schools and the Bristol Academy at Taunton. 
He began business life in manufacturing and mer- 
cantile lines, and subsequently engaged in life 
insurance. Prior to 1870 he was an alderman, and 
for two and a half years inayor of the city of 
Taunton. In 1870-1 he was a member of the 
State senate, and in 1872 he was appointed deputy 
insurance commissioner. Two years later Governor 
Talbot appointed him to the head of the depart- 
ment, as insurance commissioner. In 1879 he 
resigned to accept the presidency of the John Han- 
cock National Life Insurance Company, which 
position he still occupies. He has resided in Bos- 
ton since 1873. 

Rice, Alexander Hamilton, son of Thomas and 
Lydia (Smith) Rice, was born in Newton, Mass., 
Aug. 30, 1 81 8. His education was attained in 
the public schools, private academies, and Union 
College, N.Y., from which he graduated in the class 
of 1844, the commencement orator. Three years 
later he received the degree of A.M. from tfnion, and 
in 1876 the honorary degree of LL.D. from Harvard. 
After graduation he began active life in the house of 
Wilkins, Carter, & Co., paper manufacturers, Boston, 
and he has continued in the paper trade to the 
present time, having built up a prosperous and ex- 
tensive business. He is now senior member of the 
Rice Kendall Company, succeeding the long-estab- 
lished and widely known house of Rice, Kendall, & 
Co. In public affairs he has long been prominent 
and influential. He was inayor of Boston from 1856 
to 1858; a member of the national House of Rep- 
resentatives from 1859 to 1867 ; and governor of 
the Commonwealth from 1875 to 1879. A finished 
and graceful speaker, he has admirably represented 
his State and city on many public occasions. He is 
a member of the American Archaeological Society, 
and of the American Historical Association; a 
trustee of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 
of the Boston Art Museum, and of the Episcopal 
'I heological School at Cambridge ; a director of the 
American Loan & Trust Company and of the Mas- 
sachusetts National Bank, also of the Bunker Hill 
Monument Association ; president of the National 
Sailors' Home ; and honorary chancellor of Union 
Unnersity. Mr. Rice has been twice married, and 
he IS the father of four children : two daughters 
and two sons. 



RHODES Rich, Is.\.\c B., son of Isaac B. and Margaret 

(Lewis) Rich, was born in North Bucksport, Han- 
was born in Franklin, cock county. Me., Feb. 23, 1827. He received his 
was educated in the early education in the public schools of his native 



IK, son of Stejihen 




@^.^yfe^ 




^ ^ ^^^^^-.c.^^^ 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



367 



town. In 1846 he entered the employment of 
\\"illiam Pelby, manager of the old historic National 
Theatre, Boston, and has since been connected with 
local playhouses, gradually working his way up to the 




il\.id 



ISAAC B. RICH. 

position of manager and proprietor. His connec- 
tion with the Howard Athenjeum dates back to the 
days of the famous old " stock company." For a 
short time he himself flourished as an actor. For 
three years he was treasurer of James Myer's and 
Nixon & Kemp's Equestrian Companies, and has 
for several years played the most famous stars. In 
August, 1868, he formed a managerial partnership 
with Joseph Trowbridge when the Howard .'\the- 
nseum stage was given up to variety business. During 
the following season Joseph Hart became a partner, 
and later John Stetson took Mr. Hart's (ilac e, when 
Messrs. Rich and Stetson purchased Mr. Trow- 
bridge's interest and continued their partnership 
for nearly seven years. On the evening of Nov. 9, 
1885, Mr. Rich opened the HoUis Street Theatre, and 
as the conductor of that fine playhouse has steadily 
held the position of one of the most popular and 
prosperous of managers. Aside from the exacting 
demands upon his time and vitality in his theatrical 
business, Mr. Rich has for years been the successful 
proprietor of the well-known " Banner of Light," 
and has carried on an extensive business in the 
publication of works relating to Spiritualism. Mr. 
Rich is married and has six children : Clara E., 



Abbie M., Charles J., George P., Maud L., and 
Ralph E. Rich. 

Richards, Calvin A., was born in Dorchester, 
Mass., March 4, 1828; died in Boston Feb. 15, 
1892. His boyhood was passed in and around 
Boston, and he received his education in the pub- 
lic schools. He left school at the age of thirteen 
years and assisted his father, Isaiah D. Richards, in 
the latter's luisincss. He early exhibited the re- 
markable executive ability which was so strongly 
felt throughout all his after life, and his father 
soon leaned on him for assistance and counsel. 
He denied himself many of the pleasures of 
young men to devote his thoughts and attention 
to his business, and the care and assistance of his 
mother, who was delicate. On Feb. 17, 1852, he 
married Ann R. Babcock, daughter of Dexter 
Babcock, of the wholesale grocery firm of Bab- 
cock & Coolidge, who is now living, an honored 
retired merchant in his ninety-sixth year. Two 
children were born of this union, a son, who was 
instantly killed by lightning in 1863, and a daughter, 
who survives him. He remained in business with 
his father and three brothers until 1861, when he 
opened a large establishment on Washington street, 
and it was during these years, and after the Civil 
War, that he amassed the bulk of his fortune. He 
was in the common council in 1858, 1859, 1861, 
and in 1862 was an alderman. He was a magnetic 
after-dinner speaker, being always eagerly sought 
for by dining clubs, and his rare wit was always 
present. In 1873 he went with his family to Eu- 
rope, and upon his return in 1874 he was induced 
to relinquish business cares somewhat and become 
a prominent director in the Metropolitan Street 
Railway. There he soon made his executive 
power felt, and he was asked to become its presi- 
dent, which he did, and found his office no easy 
one. The railroad was on the verge of bankruptcy, 
and a powerful rival corporation had been allowed to 
spring into existence. Mr. Richards was obliged to 
restore the road to its former position, and how well 
he succeeded is known to all railroad men. When 
he entered the business he knew nothing of street 
railways, always having been a merchant. His line 
became the largest and one of the best-managed 
street railways in the country, rich and strong, and 
his methods were copied by other corporations both 
here and abroad. In 1885 he became the pres- 
ident of the American Street Railway Association, 
composed of the executive forces of all the rail- 
roads in the United States and Canada, and until 
he retired from railroad life he alwavs greatlv en- 



368 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



joyed attending the annual conventions of tliis 
organization, held each year in the dilTerent cities. 
At these conventions he made himself a power 
by his foresight and wisdom. He was almost the 
first man to predict the use of electric power 
for street-cars, which he did in a notable speech 
at the convention banquet held in New York in 
October, 1884, which those who were present will 
not soon forget. After the consolidation of all 
the street-railroads of Boston, and the Metropoli- 
tan had become absorbed in the West End, 
Mr. Richards became connected with the latter 
as general manager under President Whitney ; but 
after a few weeks in that position he resigned. 
For a short time afterwards he was connected 
with the Boston Heating Company; but he soon 
retired to private life, and purchased and en- 
tirely remodelled the large ofifice-building, No. 
114 State street, which bears his name. This 
was the closing act in his business life, as he 
was stricken with "la grippe" immediately after 
its completion, January, 1 890, and was never 
well from that time. He recovered sufficiently, 
however, to pass his summers at the Isles of 
Shoals, and had journeyed to the South in the 
spring of 1891, where he had a dangerous and 
critical attack of " angina pectoris," which was his 
unfortunate inheritance after the eight weeks' illness 
with " la grippe " in 1890. This trying experience 
occurred on the vestibule train from St. Augustine 
to New York ; but fortunately a physician was on 
board who restored him to his former condition, 
although far from a well man. In the autumn of 
1 89 1 he visited Richfield Springs, N.Y., for the 
benefit of the sulphur baths, but there had another 
attack of angina. By the skill of a physician there 
he was saved again. The early part of the winter 
he was able to ride down to his office in the Rich- 
ards Building, on pleasant mornings. His family, 
friends, and relatives saw him failing quite fast for 
about two months before his death. He had been 
out on Monday morning (Feb. 15, 1892) for a 
short drive, and had answered a telephone call but 
a short half-hour before he fell dead. His death 
was instantaneous, without a moment of suffering. 
His life needs no eulogy from those who knew him ; 
a strong, firm, conscientious business man, who 
carved a complete success, leaving an ample fort- 
une ; a sympathetic, warm-hearted neighbor, who 
could never listen to a tale of distress or sorrow 
without tears in his eyes and ready pecuniary aid ; 
and tender and loving in his home life. .\s hus- 
band and father his relations were ine\]iressibly 
beautiful. 



Richards, Joseph R., architect, was born on 
Beacon Hill Feb. 18, 1828. After obtaining a 
good education in the Boston public schools, he 
began the study of architecture in the office of 
Gridley J. F. Bryant. In 1851 he entered the pro- 
fession independently, and has continued in active 
practice ever since. Evidences of his work are 
found in Boston and the suburbs, the most recent 
notable buildings being the Five Cents Savings Bank 
Building in Woburn, the Janis apartment-house in 
Cambridge, the Colored (Jdd Fellows' Hall, the 
Crawford House, and the Royal .Arcanum Building 
in this city, several blocks of houses on West New- 
ton street, and residences on the Back Bay, cottages 
at Bar Harbor, and dwellings in many other places. 
His son, William P. Richards, who was born in 1855 
and graduated from Harvard in the class of 1876, 
was admitted to partnership in 1880. Mr. Rich- 
ards is widely known as a skilful, painstaking archi- 
tect. 

Richardson, Albert W., son of .\lbert and Abi- 
gail (Tewksbury) Richardson, was born in ^Vin- 
throp, Mass., Aug. 28, 1853. He was educated in 
the schools of his native town. When a young man 
he entered the plumbing business in Boston, later 
establishing himself in the same trade in Winthrop. 
There he has since resided, taking a leading part in 
town affairs. From 1886 to 1887 he was a member 
of the board of health, in 1887 and 1888 a select- 
man, and in 1S91 and 1892 a representative of his 
district in the lower house of the Legislature. He 
first served the town as town constable. He is a 
member of the Masonic and Odd Fellows orders. 
He was organizer of the Winthrop Brass Band, in 
which he takes much pride. He is unmarried. 

RiiHARUsoN, Frank C, M.D., son of George C. 
and I'Hlen (Chase) Richardson, was born in Boston 
Aug. II, 1858. His early education was obtained in 
the Boston public schools. Then he attended the 
Boston University School of Medicine, from which he 
graduated in 1879, and took a post-graduate course 
in the Hahnemann Medical College, Philadelphia, 
Pa., receiving his diploma in 1880. He began 
practice the same year in East Boston, where he 
has met with marked success. He is a member of 
the American Institute of Homoeopathy ; the Massa- 
chusetts Homoeopathic Medical Society, of which 
he is recording secretary ; the Boston Homoeopathic 
Medical Society, of which he has been secretary 
and president ; and the Massachusetts Surgical and 
Gynsecological Society. He is also a member of 
the Masonic and Odd Fellows orders. He was 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



369 




married in June, 1884, to Miss Nellie, daughter of 1S91 he was made a member of the Rapid Transit 
Emory Chase, of Portland, Me. ; they have had two Commission, and in May, 1S92, was ajipointed by 
children : Halton C, deceased, and Conrad P. 
Richardson. 



Richardson, George L., was born in Boston Sept. 
18, 1835. He was a member of the firm of Nottage 
& Richardson, carpenters and builders, for one year. 
The firm was then dissolved, and Mr. Ross, of Ross 
& Young, going West, Mr. Richardson and William 
N. Young, the remaining partner of Ross & Young, 
formed the present copartnership of Richardson 
& Young, and succeeded to the business of both 
concerns. This was in 1859, and they have re- 
mained together ever since, a period of more than 
thirty years. The firm are heavy contractors, and 
have done an immense amount of fine work. They 
make a specialty of hardwood finish and interior 
work in wood of all kinds. They contract for the 
construction of buildings entire, when desired ; they 
erected in 1892 the Sherbnrn Building, corner of 
Washington and Bennet streets, making the plans 
themselves and contracting for the whole work. 
Mr. Richardson is an active member of the Master 
Builders' and of the Massachusetts Charitable Me- 
chanic Associations. He was married in 1865 to 
Elizabeth J. Jones, of Duxbury. He resides in 
Chelsea. 

R1CHARU.SON, James B., was born in Oxford, N.H., 
Dec. 9, 1832. Having prepared for college at Ox- 
ford Academy, he entered Yale College in 1853, but 
while there he was afflicted with a severe illness 
compelling his retirement, and in 1854 he joined 
the sophomore class at Dartmouth. From this col- 
lege he graduated in 1857, and for one year read 
law with the late Henry W. Bellows, at Concord, 
N.H., coming to Boston in 1858, where he con- 
tinued his legal studies with Messrs. Hutchins &: 
Wheeler. He was admitted to the Suffolk bar in 
1859, and has since been in general practice in this 
city. In 1865 he was elected to the lower house of 
the L,egislature, but, having little taste for politics, 
served but one year in that body. In 1877 and 
1878 he was a member of the Boston common 
council, and in 1884 was appointed one of the com- 
missioners to revise the city charter — a work for 
which he was peculiarly fitted. In his report he 
formulated many suggestions which have since 
been adopted. In 1889 he was appointed by 
Mayor Hart corporation counsel of Boston, which 
position he held until the spring of i8gi. In 1890 
he was offered a seat upon the su]ireme bench 
by Governor Brackett, but declined the honor. In 



JAMES B. RICHARDSON. 

Governor Russell to the superior bench. He is 
one of the oldest trustees of the Franklin Savings 
Bank, and for a long time has been an active man- 
ager of the New England Home for Little Wan- 
derers. He is also president of the association of 
the alumni of Dartmouth College. In 1891 he was 
elected a trustee of the college. 

Richardson, Maurice Howe, M.D., was born in 
Athol, Mass., Dec. 31, 1851. Fitting for college in 
the Fitchburg High School, he entered Harvard, 
graduating in the class of 1873. Four years later, 
in 1877, he received the degree of M.D. from the 
Harvard Medical School. He was assistant in anat- 
omy in the Harvard Medical School until 1881, 
when he became demonstrator of anatomy. After 
holding this position five years he was appointed as- 
sistant professor of anatomy, which position he now 
holds. He is visiting surgeon to the Massachusetts 
General Hospital, — a position he has filled for the 
past five years, — consulting surgeon to Carney Hos- 
pital, the New England Hospital for Women and 
Children, and the State Hospital at Tewksbury. 
He is a member of the American Medical Associ- 
ation, the American Surgical Association, the Asso- 
ciation of American Anatomists, the Boston Society 
for Medical Improvement, the Boston Society for 



37< 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Medical Observation, and the Boston Society for 
Medical Science. He was for thirteen years ex- 
amining surgeon for the Travellers' Insurance 
Company, and has been a member of the United 
States Board of Examiners for Pensions. Dr. 
Richardson has published a number of papers and 
contributions to the medical journals on surgical 
subjects. 

RiCHARnsoN, Spencer Welles, son of Peter and 
Hetty Spencer (Prentiss) Richardson, was born in 
Princeton, Mass., April lo, 1834. He was edu- 
cated in the Boston public schools — receiving the 
Franklin medal at the Quincy School in 1849 — and 
the high school in Brookline. He began business 
life in the ticket office of the Boston & Maine 
Railroad in this city. Here he remained a year, 
from Feb. i, 185:, to Feb. i, 1852, when he 
entered the Boston office of the treasurer of the La- 
conia Company, the Pepperell Manufacturing Com- 
pany, and the Saco Water Power Machine Shop, all 
of Biddeford, Me. In this office he was emplo)'ed 
fourteen years. Then, on the ist of October, 1866, 
the banking firm of Dwight, Richardson, & Co. 
was established, and Mr. Richardson was its head 
until October, 1869, after which for a year he con- 
tinued the business alone. On the ist of November, 
1870, with William H. Hill, jr., and Edward D. Ad- 
ams, he established the present banking and broker- 
age house of Richardson, Hill, & Co. ; and in the 
following December he was elected treasurer of 
the Saco Water Power Machine Shop of Biddeford, 
in which position he still remains. He is also a 
director of the Boston & Bangor Steamship Com- 
pany. Mr. Richardson was one of five brothers in 
the Union army during the Civil War, serving as 
captain of Company E, Forty-fourth Regiment 
Massachusetts Volunteers. He is a member of Post 
68, Benjamin Stone, jr., G.A.R., and companion 
of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion. He 
was a member of the Mercantile Library Association 
from 1854 to 1 860, ser\ing on its board of directors, 
as treasurer, on its lecture committee, and as presi- 
dent. For several years he was connected officially 
with the New England Female Medical College, 
until it was transferred to the Boston University. 
He is at present treasurer and trustee of the Mas- 
sachusetts Homoeopathic Hospital, and holds posi- 
tions of responsibility as trustee and director of 
other institutions. He is a member of the Art, Al- 
gonquin, and Merchants Clubs. On June 27, 1864, 
he was married to Miss Mary T. Cumston, daughter 
of the late William Cumston, founder of the firm of 
Hallett & Cumston, pianoforte manufacturers : thev 



have three sons : William Cumston Richardson, 
S.B., graduated in 1S91 from the Institute of 
Technology, Spencer Cumston Richardson, now at 
Harvard, and Amor Hollingsworth Richardson, 
now in Mr. Richardson's office. All attended the 
Prince School. 

Richardson, Willlam Hexrv, son of William 
Holt and Abbie Burgess (Gore) Richardson, was 
born in Boston Aug. 8, 1852. His father was a 
prominent dry-goods merchant of the firms of Wil- 
son, Hamilton, &; Co. and A. Hamilton &: Co., oc- 




RICHARDSON. 



cupying the entire block corner of Federal, Franklin, 
and Devonshire streets until the great fire of 1872 : 
and his mother was a daughter of John Gore, the 
largest wholesale clothing-dealer in Boston in his 
day, vice-president of the Five Cents Savings Bank, 
and one of the founders of the Tremont-street 
Methodist Church. When he was born his parents 
were living in Dix place, then a fashionable resi- 
dence quarter. He first attended Mrs. Finn's 
private school in Essex street, kept by the wife of 
the celebrated actor ; then the Brimmer School, 
from which he graduated in 1866; and then the 
English High School, graduating in 1869, just two 
weeks before the sudden death of Master Thomas 
Sherwin. This class of 1869 has become famous 
through the prominence of its members. He began 
business in the wholesale dry-goods house of A. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



.^71 



Hamilton & Co., where he remained three years. 
Then he entered the retail dry-goods and small- 
ware business on his own accoimt, in St. Albans, Vt. 
Returning to Boston he established, in 1875, the 
men's furnishing-goods house of Richardson & Gerts, 
on Washington street. Eight years later the firm 
moved to the present location, at No. 385 Washing- 
ton street. In 1 889 Mr. Gerts retired from the firm, 
which became William H. Richardson & Co., Charles 
R. Adams entering, though not taking an active 
interest. Three years later, on the ist of January, 
1892, the business was sold to the William H. Rich- 
ardson Co. — a corporation with William H.Richard- 
son as president and Edward E. Blodgett treasurer, 
thus becoming one of the largest and strongest fur- 
nishing-goods houses in the country. The business 
has reached such proportions that Mr. Richardson is 
obliged to make yearly trips to Europe in its in- 
terest. Mr. Richardson is a member of the Art 
Club and the Athletic Association, and is a Fine 
member of the First Corps of Cadets, Massachusetts 
Militia. 

RiCKER, James W., son of Charles and Eliza B. 
Ricker, was born in Portsmouth, N.H., Jan. 31, 
1829. He attained his education in the public 
schools of Portsmouth. His first entrance into 
business life was in a printing-office at Great Falls, 
N.H., where he remained until he came to Boston 
and joined the staff of a city newspaper. He was 
for some years actively employed in newspaper work 
here, and was one of the projectors of the " Ledger," 
a newspaper published in Boston in 1859. He was 
also employed in the city treasurer's office in 1862, 
when the collection of taxes was one of its duties, 
and was appointed a deputy collector in 1863. 
When the collector's office was made distinct, he 
ran as a candidate against General Sherwin, who 
was elected. The latter immediately appointed 
him chief clerk. When, later, General Sherwin 
resigned, Mr. Ricker was chosen to the position, 
which he still holds. He is thoroughly conversant 
with the duties of his office, and is popular with 
both political parties, as is shown by his reelec- 
tions and reappointments from 1883 to the present 
time. 

RiNN, J. Philip, architect, is a native of Germany, 
and was born in that country Aug. 21, 1837. He 
has been a leading architect in Boston for the past 
fifteen years. Among his most notable works are 
the chapel at Tufts College and many of the finest 
residences around Boston, including Oakmount, 
the home of the late Francis B. Hayes, in Le.xing- 



ton. This house, which is widely known throughout 
the country, is unique as well as beautiful in its 
designs. It is an excellent example of Mr. Rinn's 
refined taste. He is remarkably thorough, and 
gives especial care to details in his construction 
of private houses. Mr. Rinn is also the architect 
of the monument at Bennington, Vt., standing three 
hundred feet high, — a most imposing design. 

Roads, Samuel, jr., son of Samuel and Emma 
L. (Woodfin) Roads, was born in Marblehead, 
Mass., Oct. 22, 1854. He is the sixth of the 
name in line of descent from one of the early 
settlers of that town, and among his ancestors was 
Dr. Elisha Story, surgeon on the staff" of General 
Washington during the Revolution. He was edu- 
cated in the public schools. He early developed 
a literary talent and a taste for journalism, and in 
these fields he has spent much of his time. Before 
his twenty-first birthday he conducted a local news- 
paper, and in later years he has frequently con- 
tributed as a correspondent to Boston journals. 
In 1880 he published, through Houghton, Mifflin, 
& Co., his admirable " History and Traditions 
of Marblehead." His first public work was 
as a member of the board of trustees of the 
Abbot Public I>ibrary in his town, to which he was 
elected in 1883. In November of that year he 
was elected to the lower house of the Legislature 
of 1884, and twice reelected; he served also in the 
sessions of 1885 and 1886. The next two years, 
1887 and 1888, he was in the senate, representing 
the Second Essex District, a Republican " strong- 
hold," which gave him, a pronounced Democrat, 
large majorities in both elections. In 1888 he 
was the Democratic candidate for Congress in the 
Seventh District, and, although defeated at the polls, 
ran considerably ahead of his party ticket. Dur- 
ing 1 89 1 Mr. Roads was appointed private secre- 
tary to Governor Russell, which position he still 
holds (1892). 

Robinson, Charles H., supreme secretary of the 
Order of ^gis, son of John A. and Harriet C. 
(Richardson) Robinson, was born in Reading, 
Mass., Oct. 20, 1839. He attended the public 
schools until he was twelve years old, when he went 
to work at the shoemaker's trade. He served 
through the Civil War, first enlisting upon Presi- 
dent Lincoln's call for troops, April 17, 1 861, for 
the term of three months, in Company B, Fifth 
Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers. Then he 
again enlisted, on August 27, this time in Company 
Ci, Twentieth Regiment, and sened over three 



372 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



years. Returning to civil life, he settled in Spring- 
field, Mass., which was his home about five years. 




During this time he was engaged in " drumming " 
for a leather-goods house, and covered an immense 
territory. He was afterwards for a while a reporter 
on the " Springfield Union." From Springfield he 
moved to Boston, and here engaged in business. 
Five years later he removed to Lynn, where he was 
for some time with King Bros, and F. W. Breed, 
shoe manufacturers. He also sened for two years 
as clerk of committees of the Lynn city council, 
and while he was acting in this capacity the idea of 
starting the Order of yEgis was conceived and soon 
took practical form. During the first year Supreme 
Secretary Robinson worked incessantly and travelled 
many thousands of miles, finally securing nearly 
four thousand members and an active staff of 
deputies. Mr. Robinson is also a member of the 
Order of Solon of Pittsburg, and the " Non Secret " 
of Worcester. He is a member of General Lander 
Post, No. 5, G.A.R. He was married Jan. 16, 
1868, to Miss .Anna A. Brown; they have one son, 
Louis T. Robinson, of the firm of Whitmore & 
Robinson, electrical engineers. 



office of C. K. Fiske, M.D., and remained with 
him four years as student and assistant. He then 
entered the dental department of Harvard Univer- 
sity, graduating therefrom in 1872 and receiving 
his degree of D.M.D. In January, 1873, he began 
the practice of dentistry in Boston, in connection 
with Dr. Nathaniel W. Hawes ; this association was 
continued until August, 1883, since which time 
he has practised alone. Dr. Robinson was for 
three years instructor in operative dentistry in the 
Harvard Dental School. He is a member of the 
Massachusetts Dental Society, of which he was 
librarian for three years, a member of the Ameri- 
can .■\cademy of Dental Science, and of the Boston 
Society for Dental Improvement. 

Rockwell, Hor.ace T., was born in Winchester, 
Conn., in August, 1838. His father, who had been 
jirincipal of an academy in that town previous to 
1S50, was one of the earliest in America to ac- 
quire a knowledge of Pitman's phonographic system ; 
and he became an official reporter for the Congress 
of the United States in 1850, continuing till 1854, 
when he removed to Boston. Horace T. continued 
the education which had been begun under the 
tuition of his father, at the Eliot High School, 
Jamaica Plain, but in 1855 took up newspaper 



r 



^1 




ROCKWELL. 



Robinson, Frederic Miller, was born in St. ^^^ 

John, N.B., .April 13, 1848. He was educated in j 

the private schools of Y.. K. Tucker and Thomas reporting as an attach^ of the " Boston Advertiser." ; 

W. Lee. Upon leaving school he entered the Like his father he, was an expert stenographer ; but I 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



373 



as he developed talent for broader work he was em- 
ployed by the " Courier," and continued in the ser- 
vice of that paper until 1859, when he was elected 
to the office of clerk of committees of the city 
government. There he remained until 1866, when 
he resigned to engage in business as a printer. In 
the latter occupation he has continued up to the 
present time, being now at the head of the house of 
Rockwell & Churchill. His qualifications for general 
business were of course meagre, and his special 
preparation for the business of printing was limited 
to his acquirement of type-setting, during leisure 
hours, while an employ^ of the " Courier ; " yet, 
with much industry and some tact, he can be cred- 
ited with a success above the average, for his firm 
has developed a large business and maintains a high 
standard. Mr. Rockwell has held some public po- 
sitions — member of the common council in 1868, 
of the Legislature in 1880 and 1882, chairman of 
the Boston water board from 1885 to 1888, member 
of the governor's staff from 1884 to 1891, with im- 
portant special duties which were ably discharged, 
and he has often been " named " for other [jublic 
positions which his engrossing occupations prevented 
him from considering. He has many affiliations, 
social and military, which bring him frequently be- 
fore the public, customarily with favor; but they 
are the minor incidents in the life of a " busy " man, 
not only in those things of purely personal interest, 
but in those which keep the general social machinery 
in motion. Mr. Rockwell is a direct descendant of 
one of the earliest setders of Massachusetts, William 
Rockwell, selectman of Dorchester, 1630. 

Rogers, Homer, was born in Sudbury, Mass., Oct. 
II, 1840. He passed his boyhood on the farm and 
in the village school, and, preparing for college, en- 
tered Williams in the class of 1862. When a junior 
in college, in i860, he taught school as principal in 
the now famous Sanderson Academy of Ashfield, 
Mass. From college he entered the army, and went 
to the front in the autumn of 1862 as sergeant in 
Company F, Forty-fifth Regiment Massachusetts 
Volunteers. After serving his time in the army and 
obtaining his discharge, he resumed school-teaching. 
He taught a year in the Douse Academy, Sherborn, 
Mass., and two years, 1S65-6, as principal of the 
Natick High School. Then, in 1866, he entered 
business in Boston, forming the partnership with his 
present partners, under the firm name of S. B. Rogers 
& Co., which has continued until the present time. 
He is also a director in the National Market Bank of 
Brighton, and a trustee in the Home Savings Bank. 
Mr. Rogers was a leading member of the board of 



aldermen of 1S88 and 1SS9, chairman of the board 
the latter year. He resides in Allston, and 




HOMER ROGERS. 

inent in local affairs there. He is president of the 
Allston Cooperative Bank, and is connected with the 
Allston Congregational Church. 

Root, Henry A., was born in Ware, Mass., Sept. 
3, 1 850. Learning the building trade with his fiither, 
he came to Boston, with his brother, in 1872, when 
the two joined the well-known builder Joseph W. 
Coburn, remaining with him, under the firm name 
of Joseph W. Coburn & Co., until his death in 1884. 
Then they succeeded to the business, and have since 
continued, under the firm name of W. A. & H. A. 
Root. Thev ha\e built a large number of buildings 
public and priwite, luiiiness blocks, mills, and private 
residences, in Boston and vicinity, and several impor- 
tant structures in New Hampshire. [For a list of 
some of their most noteworthy buildings, see sketch 
of William A. Root.] Mr. Root is a member of the 
Master Builders' Association and the Massachusetts 
Charitable Mechanic Association ; he belongs to the 
Masonic order and the Odd Fellows ; and he is a 
member of the Orpheus Musical Society. He was 
married in 1877 to Miss Caroline W. Southwell. He 
resides at \\'inthrop Highlands. 

Rout, William A., jr., was born in Ware, Mass., 
Feb. 6, 1848. There he learned his trade of his 



374 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



fether, an extensive builder in that vicinity. With his 
brother Henry A. Root he came to Boston in 1872, 
and the two became connected with the old and well- 
known builder, Joseph W. Coburn, who laid the cor- 
ner-stone of Bunker Hill Monument in 1825. They 
continued association with him under the firm name 
of Joseph W. Coburn & Co., until his death in 1884, 
when they succeeded to the business as \V. A. & 
H. A. Root. They have erected a large number of 
public buildings, business blocks, and private resi- 
dences in Boston and vicinity. In the Roxbury 
district they built the Hotels Comfort and Adelphi 
for the Sheafe estate, the Hotel Rugby, the Robin- 
son Block, Odd Fellows Block, Ferdinand's furniture 
store, Waterman & Sons' undertaking establishment, 
stables for the old Highland road, and the Hotel 
Eustis for Dr. Nichols ; in the city proper, the 
Children's Hospital building on Huntington avenue, 
L. P. Hollander & Company's store on Boylston 
street, the block of stores on the corner of Washing- 
ton and Winter streets, stores for the Whiting estate 
on Fort Hill, the addition to Young's Hotel on Court 
street, and the Marcella-street Home, the addition 
to the Public Librar}-, and the receiving-tomb at 
Mount Hope for the city of Boston ; also the works 
of the ^Vhittier Machine Company and the Boston 
Cordage Company in South Boston; grammar 
school-house in Maiden, court house in Worcester, 
town halls in Canton, Stoughton, and Walpole ; Music 
Hall Block, mills for French & Ward and Draper 
Brothers, the station, and Hon. E. A. Morse's resi- 
dence in Canton ; the pumping-station, etc., for the 
water-works in Newton ; the Brewster Memorial Hall 
and Academy in \\'olfborough, N.H.,.A.J. Houghton's 
residence in Brookline, and the Kennedy cracker 
works in Cambridge ; and they have built a large num- 
ber of breweries in this vicinity, among them those of 
John Roessle, A. J. Houghton & Co., A. G. Robin- 
son & Co., the American Brewing Company's build- 
ings on Heath street, the Revere brewery in East 
Boston, and Pfaff's brewing establishment on Bos- 
ton wharf. Mr. Root is a member of the Master 
Builders' .Association, of the Massachusetts Chari- 
table Mechanic Association, the Odd Fellows, anil 
the Orpheus Musical Society. He was married in 
1872 to Miss Ellen L. Sturtevant. His home is in 
the Roxbury district. 

Rdpes, John Codman, although of .American par- 
entage, was born in St. Petersburg, Russia, on April 
28, 1836. He was educated in Boston, and en- 
tered Harvard College, graduating in 1857, after 
which he studied law at the Harvard Law School, 
receiving the degree of LL.B. He read law for a 



year in the office of Messrs. Chandler & Shattuck, 
and later practised law with John C. Gray. In 
1878 William C. Loring became a member of the 
firm, and since that time the house has been known 
as Ropes, Gray, & Loring, and stands among the 
leading law-firms of the city. Mr. Ropes is an in- 
dependent Republican in politics, and, while not 
jjarticularly active, has always shown a great inter- 
est in State and national affairs. He is a member 
of the Massachusetts Historical Society, and of the 
Military Historical Society of Massachusetts. 

Ross, Henrv F., was born in West Boylston, 
Mass., .Aug. 16, 1844. He began business as a 
carpenter and builder in Worcester in 1864, having 
learned his trade of his fother, W. J. Ross, who was 
a contractor and builder. In 1868 he went West, 
ser\'ing in the employ of Oakes Ames for six years. 
Returning East in 1874, he started business as a 
carpenter and builder in Newtonville, where he has 
since remained, steadily adding to his establishment, 
until now his mills on Crafts street cover an acre of 
ground and are fitted with all the latest improved 
machinery for the manufacture of all descriptions 
of builders' finish. He employs one hundred and 
fifty men in the mills and on buildings. He manu- 
factures every description of fine interior finish in 




hard woods, as well as sash, doors, blinds, etc., for 
the Boston and New York markets. He has been 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



375 



connected with the business of the cutting and 
manufacture of himber both East and West since he 
was twenty-one years of age, and for the last fifteen 
years has been a heavy dealer in, as well as user of, 
lumber. He takes contracts for the entire work and 
for any building, but has made a specialty of fine 
suburban residences, building many on his own ac- 
count for sale. He has built over three hundred 
houses in Newton, the Unitarian and Congregational 
churches there, and the Public Library, the High, the 
William, and the Jackson school-buildings. Among 
his finest Newton residences are those of George E. 
Allen, W. H. Rogers, Joshua Baker, Henry Brooks, 
Henry E. Cobb, and Charles F. Travelli. His own 
residence on Walnut street is a unique design of the 
Queen Anne order, built of brick and stones, from 
his own plans. He is also at the head of the firm 
of Ross Brothers, agricultural implement and seed 
dealers in Worcester. He is a prominent citizen 
in Newton, having served in the city council in 1884 
and held several positions of trust. Mr. Ross was 
married in 1872, in Worcester, to Miss Emma L. 
Flint, daughter of Austin Flint, a prominent mer- 
chant of that city : she died in less than a year after 
marriage. In 1875 he married for his second wife 
Miss Cloelia A., daughter of Daniel Sanford, of \\'are, 
Mass. 

RoTCH, Arthur, architect, famous as the founder 
of the Rotch Travelling Scholarship, was born in 
Boston May 13, 1850. He is a graduate of Har- 
vard, of the class of 1871. After leaving college, he 
took a two years' course at the Institute of Technol- 
ogy, from which he went into the office of Mr. Van 
Brunt. In 1874 he went abroad, where he studied in 
the Ecole des Beaux Arts in Paris, and passed the re- 
mainder of the time until 1880 in travelling through 
Europe. While abroad he was chosen to make 
drawings for the restoration of the Chateau of 
Chenonseaux, and the work was carried on under 
his personal direction. Returning to Boston, he 
formed a partnership with George T. Tilden, under 
the firm name of Rotch & Tilden. In 1882 Mr. 
Rotch, with the cooperation of his sisters, estab- 
lished the Rotch Travelling Scholarship, as a memo- 
rial to the late Benjamin S. Rotch, whereby students 
chosen by the Boston Society of Architects are sent 
to Europe for two years for the purpose of travelling 
and the study of architecture. This is the first 
scholarship of the kind ever established. The work 
of the firm of Rotch & Tilden includes some of 
the most elaborate and beautiful buildings in this 
vicinity. They have built the Church of the Mes- 
siah and the Church of the .\scension in Boston, 



Church of the Holy Spirit at Mattapan, Episcopal 
churches at Chestnut Hill and Wellesley, the Art 
Museum and .\rt School at Wellesley College, gym- 
nasiums at Bowdoin College and Exeter Academy, 
the Bridgewater Public Library, the .American Legion 
of Honor Building, high schools in Milton and 
Plymouth, and a large number of private houses and 
churches in other places. On Commonwealth av- 
enue, Boston, and Fifth avenue. New York, are 
many residences designed by them ; also the pala- 
tial home of Mrs. Zachariah Chandler in Washing- 
ton, D.C., and the Allan residences in Montreal. 
Beauty of design and artistic finish characterize 
all the plans of Messrs. Rotch & Tilden, and their 
work stands among the best in the country. 



Roue, (hcorce Howard Mai 
born in Lowell Feb. i, 1841. 



ii.M, M.D., was 
He fitted for 




college at Phillips (Exeter) Academy, and entering 
Dartmouth graduated therefrom in 1S64. He 
studied medicine with Dr. John S. Butler, of Hart- 
ford, Conn., and also in the Harvard Medical School, 
from which he received the degree of M.D. in 1868. 
In the years 1867, 1868, and 1869 he served as 
superintendent of the Massachusetts Institution for 
Feeble-Minded Children, and in 1870 he was ap- 
pointed assistant superintendent of the Boston 
Lunatic Hospital. He was also assistant physician 
at the Pennsylvania Hospital for the Insane at 



376 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Philadelphia. He was elected to his present posi- 
tion, that of superintendent and resident physician 
of the Boston City Hospital, in 1879. Dr. Rowe is 
a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, 
the American Public Health Association, the New 
England Psychological Society, the Boston Medico- 
Psychological Society, the Boston Society for Med- 
ical Improvement, and other organizations. He has 
always taken a great interest in matters pertaining 
to hospital management and construction, and has 
written many practical essays on these and hygienic 
topics. He has also by his efforts done much 
towards the improvement of training-schools for 
nurses. The Boston City Hospital, under his effi- 
cient management, stands foremost among similar 
institutions in this and other countries. 

Russell, .^rihur H., one of the youngest mem- 
bers of the eminent law-firm of C. T. & T. H. 
Russell, is a son of Thomas Hastings Russell, and 
was born in Boston Dec. i, 1859. After fitting for 
college he graduated from Amherst in 1881, and 
then entered the Boston University Law School, 
finishing his course there with honors in 1884. 
He became a memlier of the Suffolk bar in 188;,, 
and was admitted to the above-mentioned firm in 
the same year, where he has been a valued associate 
ever since. With the brilliant career of his distin- 
guished relations as a standard, he has placed his 
ambitions at a high point, and his efforts have already 
brought him into prominence among his fellow- 
citizens. Mr. Russell resides in Winchester, where 
he has taken an active part in Democratic political 
circles and has been chosen chairman of the 
Democratic town committee. Like his father and 
grandfather, he is an earnest worker in the Congre- 
gational church, of which he is a member. Mr. 
Russell was married on Feb. 17, 1885, to Miss 
Fannie E. Hunt, of Amherst, Mass. 

Russell, Charles Theodore, son of Charles and 
Peris (Hastings) Russell, was born in Princeton, 
Mass., Nov. 20, 1815. His father was for many 
years a merchant of that town, and one of its lead- 
ing citizens. For a generation and more he was 
town clerk and postmaster, representative to the 
general court for eight consecutive years, and four 
years in the senate. He also served for three 
years in the governor's council. Mr. Russell lived 
to be nearly ninety years of age, and he is said to 
have voted for sixty-nine consecutive years at the 
State election. His ancestors were among the Puri- 
tan immigrants to Boston about the year 1640. 
William Russell, the earliest known, lived in Cam- 



bridge in 1645, and died there. Mrs. Russell was 
the daughter of Samuel Hastings, and was de- 
scended through both her parents from the earliest 
settlers of Princeton, Thomas Hastings, the first 
in this coimtry, being descended from a younger 
brother of the Earl of Huntington. She was in 
many respects a notable woman, and died in her 
ninety-third year. " Her retentive memory, even 
to the end of life, was rich in the history and tradi- 
tions of the vicinity, which she delighted to rehearse 




CHARLES T. RUSSELL. 

to grandchildren and great-grandchildren. Her 
cheerfulness was the quality which most impressed 
those who loved and honored her. She was not 
merely cheerful herself, but her beneficent character 
radiated cheer to all who were bniu,^ht widiin her 
influence." Charles Theodore Kussdl was fitted 
for college partly at a small academy in I'nnc etcui 
under the instruction of Rev. Warren (ioddard 
(Harvard University, 1818), and partly with Rev. 
Mr. Cowles, a graduate of Yale. It was at personal 
sacrifice on the part of both his parents, says 
Mr. Russell, that he and his brother were enabled 
to go through Harvard LTniversity, — "a sacrifii e 
which has never ceased to fill us with the niii>t 
profound gratitude." He ranked among the fore- 
most scholars in the class, and had the Latin salu- 
tatory at graduation, and the valedictory oration 
when he received his master's degree. After leav- 
ing college Mr. Russell immediately entered iijion 





k2..^^^^ iTcl^^^^^ 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY, 



377 



the study of law in the office of Henry H. Fuller, 
subsequently entered the Harvard Law School, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1839. He began 
practice as a partner with Mr. Fuller, remaining 
with him two years. He then opened an office for 
himself, and in 1845 entered into a partnership with 
his brother, under the firm name of C. T. & T. H. 
Russell, which has continued to the present time. 
The firm now includes the original partners, two 
sons of Mr. Russell, — Charles T. Russell, jr., and 
William E. Russell, — and a son of Thomas Russell, 
Arthur H. Russell. Up to 1855 Mr. Russell lived 
in Boston, but since that time he has been a resi- 
dent of Cambridge. Notwithstanding the demands 
of a very busy professional life, he has been active 
in politics and many spheres of usefulness and 
trust. He was a member of the lower house of 
the Legislature from Boston in 1844, 1845, and 
1850, a member of the senate from the Suffolk Dis- 
trict in 185 1 and 1852, and from the county of 
Middlesex in 1877 and 1878. He was mayor of 
Cambridge in 1861 and 1862. He has been ])ro- 
fessor in the Law School of Boston University from 
its foundation. He was for many years one of 
the board of visitors of the Theological School at 
Andover, and secretary of the board. He is a 
corporate member of the American Board of Com- 
missioners for Foreign Missions ; a member of the 
American Oriental Society ; of the Boston Young 
Men's Christian Association, of which at times he 
has been vice-president and president, and he 
delivered the address at its inauguration ; of the 
Society for Promoting Theological Education among 
the Indians ; of the American College and I-'duca- 
tion Society ; president of the Board of MiniNicrial 
Aid; and a member of the Massachusetts J'.ilile 
Society. He has also been president of the Con- 
gregational Club. Mr. Russell shortly after his 
graduation wrote a short history of his native town. 
In 1852 he delivered the fourth of July oration 
before the city authorities of Boston. In 1859 he 
delivered the centennial address at I'riiK eton. In 
1886 he presided over the bi-i cntt-miial celebration 
of the First Church and Parish in (amliridge, and 
made the opening address. In 1878 he made an 
argument before the Massachusetts Senate on man- 
hood suffrage. This was enlarged and repeated 
before the joint legislative committee in 1879, and 
then printed. Subsequently, in 1887, it was en- 
larged still further and addressed as an open letter 
to the Massachusetts Legislature. He also made 
the closing argument before the visitors of the 
Andover Theological School, concerning the five 
professors of that institution who were accused of 



heterodoxy, and was the senior counsel for the profes- 
sors in the recent hearing of this case before the Su- 
preme Judicial Court of Massachusetts. Mr. Russell 
was married June i, 1840, to Sarah Elizabeth, only 
daughter of Joseph Ballister, a Boston merchant. 
He has had ten children by this marriage, six 
daughters and four sons. Three of the daughters 
died in early infancy. The three surviving daugh- 
ters are all married. Two of them, Mrs. George 
H. Bates and Mrs. Ferd L. Gilpin, residing in 
Wilmington, Del., and the third is the wife of 
Rev. D. M. Bates, for some time professor in 
the Episcopal Missionary College of St. John at 
Shanghai, China, now rector of the church at Clifton 
Heights, Penn. Of the sons, Charles T., jr., and 
William E., as has been said, are members of their 
father's law-firm, and the latter, the youngest son, is 
now governor of Massachusetts. His second and 
third sons are in mercantile business, and they all 
reside in Cambridge. 

RrssF.LL, Charles Theodore, jr., son of Charles 
Theodore and Sarah P:iizabeth (Ballister) Russell, 
was born in Boston April 20, 1851. After a careful 
education he was graduated from Harvard College 
in 1873, and the Boston University Law School in 
1875. The same year he was admitted to the bar, 
and has since been in active practice in this city as 
a member of the firm of C. T. c^ T. H. Russell. 
Mr. Russell's career has been brilliant, as indeed 
has that of all the sons of this remarkable family. 
In 1884 he was appointed by Governor Robinson 
a member of the civil-ser\'ice commission, and in 
1889 became chairman of that body. In 1885 he 
was appointed editor of Contested Election Cases, 
and still holds that position ; he is also one of the 
examiners for admission to the Suffolk bar. Mr. 
Russell is an able lawyer, and has displayed marked 
ability and judgment in conducting the cases that 
have come into his hands. 

Russell, Daniel, son of Daniel and Mary W. 
Russell, was born in Providence, R.I., July 16, 
1824. He was educated in the public schools of 
Providence, and at the age of seventeen began real 
life in his own behalf as a mechanic. F"or three 
years he served an apprenticeship at one branch of 
carriage manufacturing in his native city, and upon 
graduating from this school he labored in the same 
place, and at Middleborough, Mass., as journeyman 
for four years. At the end of this time (1847), 
accompanied by a fellow-workman, he moved to 
Boston and began the business of selling small-wares 
by sample. Two years later he determined to go 



378 



OSTON OF TO-DAY. 



to California, but Hon. Nathan Porter offering him 
employment in Providence, he returned there and 
remained for two years. Returning again to Boston 
in 1852, he entered the employ of Edward Locke &: 
Co., clothiers. Three years later he became con- 
nected with the wholesale clothing-house of Isaac 
Fenno & Co. Made a member of the firm in 1861, 
he retired in 1869 with a competency. In 1852 he 
went to Melrose to reside, and has ever since been 
closely identified . with the welfare of that town. 
He has served three years on the board of selectmen, 
and is at present commissioner of the water loan 
sinking-fund. He is also president of the Melrose 
Savings Bank. In 1878 he was elected to the State 
senate for the Sixth Middlesex Senatorial District, 
and served in that body as chairman of the commit- 
tee on insurance, and as a member of the commit 
tee on agriculture. He was reelected in 1879. In 
1880 he was a delegate to the national Republican 
convention. He is a director of the Maiden and 
Melrose Gas Light Company and of the Putnam 
Woollen Company. He is a Mason and is con- 
nected with the organizations of the order in Mel- 
rose. On Oct. 21, 1850, Mr. Russell was married 
to Miss Mary, daughter of Jonathan and Mary 
Lynde, of Melrose ; their children are : William 
Clifton and Daniel Blake Russell. 

Russell, Thomas Hastincs, son of Hon. Charles 
Russell, was born in Princeton, Mass., Oct. 12, 
1820. Receiving his preliminary education in 
Princeton, Westminster, and Cambridge, he entered 
Har\ard College in 1839, graduating in 1843. He 
read law with his brother, Charles Theodore Rus- 
sell, and from 1844 to 1845 attended the Har\-ard 
Law School, being admitted to the Suffolk bar in the 
latter year. In September, 1845, in connection 
with his brother, he formed the law firm of C. T. & 
T. H. Russell, which continues to the present time, 
and is one of the best-known and highest-esteemed 
legal concerns in New England. Their offices, No. 
27 State street, have been occupied by them from 
the very first, and in these modest quarters some of 
the most noted cases of the Massachusetts bar have 
been successfully mapped out. In his earlier years 
Mr. Russell played an important part in politics, and 
his judgment and clear-sightedness were called upon 
in political crises. In 1853 and 1854 he was elected 
on the Whig ticket to the State Legislature, serving 
with marked fidelity; and a year later, 1856, when 
the Republican party was first organized, he 
took an active part in its formation in this State. 
From 1857 to 1859 he was a representative of this 
party in the State Legislature. In 1862, when the 



People's party was organized, Mr. Russell gave the 
benefit of his skill and experience to the new cause. 




THOMAS 



RUSSELL 



Of late years he has been less actiN e in politics, and 
since 1862 has been and now is identified with the 
Democrats, as he could not conscientiously follow in 
the footsteps of the party he had assisted in organ- 
izing. In religious opinions Mr. Russell is a Con- 
gregationalist, and he has been connected with the 
management of Phillips (Andover) Academy, being 
a member of its famous board of visitors for a num- 
ber of years. Later he resigned to occupy his 
present office in the board of trustees. He is a 
member of the Congregational church, and has 
been treasurer and clerk of the Central Congrega- 
tional Society for over forty years. Mr. Russell's 
standing in the legal profession is of the highest, 
not only as an astute and skilful lawyer, but as a 
high-minded and estimable citizen. His reputation 
extends far beyond the limits of his native State. 
Mr. Russell was married Oct. 6, 1847, to Miss Maria 
L. Wiswall, a native of Massachusetts. He has had 
five children : Charies F. Russell, deceased, who 
left three sons, Thomas H., John A., and Charles 
Frederick Russell ; Annie L., his eldest daughter 
who is the wife of Arthur G. Stanwood ; Mary L., 
the wife of Edward Walley ; Alice W., wife of Rev. 
Henry P. Peck, of West Winsted, Conn. : Arthur H. 
Russell, the only surviving son, a member of the 
firm of C. T. & T. H. Russell. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



379 



Russell, WillL'VM Eustis, the youngest candidate 
but one ever elected to the office of chief executive 
of the State of Massachusetts, is a native of Cam- 
bridge. He is a son of Hon. Charles Theodore 
Russell, one of the most eminent lawyers in the 
State, and was born Jan. 6, 1857. Mr. Russell's 
career has been remarkable from the first. He was 
a particularly bright lad, and always stood well in 
his classes while attending the public schools of 
Cambridge. In 1873 he entered Harvard, where 
he was diligent in his studies, yet finding oppor- 
tunity for athletic sports, in which he took great 
interest, and with his teachers as well as with his 
classmates he was a general favorite. He gradu- 
ated in 1877 and then entered the Law School of 
Boston University, finishing his course at that insti- 
tution in 1879 at the head of his class. He won the 
Lawrence prize for the finest essay, and delivered 
the class oration at Commencement; and he re- 
ceived the first siimma cum laude ever given by that 
law school. In 1880 he was admitted to the Suf- 
folk bar and Ijegan practice in the firm of Messrs. 
C. T. & T. H. Russell, the well-known attorneys. 
Mr. Russell soon became interested in politics, as 
a Democrat, and his clear ideas, expressed in a 
pleasing oratorical manner, quickly brought him 
into notice. In iSSi he was elected to the Cam- 




bridge common council, and for the two years fol- 
lowing he was a member of the Cambridge board of 



aldermen. In 1S84 he was elected mayor of Cam- 
bridge, the youngest man ever chosen to that posi- 
tion, and for four years he continued in office, 
displaying marked acumen and executive ability, 
and meeting the many intricate questions which 
came before him with judgment and decision that 
commanded the respect and admiration even of his 
political opponents. In 1888 he was induced to 
accept the Democratic nomination for governor, a 
seemingly hopeless fight in a State that was strongly 
Republican and having as a rival a popular candi- 
date. He stumped the State for Cleveland and 
tarift" reform, and reduced the Republican plurality 
very materially at the fall election. In 1889 he was 
again the candidate, making a stalwart fight, and 
the Republican nominee, ex-Governor Brackett, 
barely escaped defeat. With that perseverance 
which had brought him success on other occasions, 
he again ran for governor in 1890 and was elected 
by a large majority, although the remainder of the 
ticket, with one e.xception, was Republican. In 
189 1 he was renominated and reelected. Governor 
Russell is a gentleman of pleasing address, a mag- 
netic speaker, and displays a maturity of ideas and a 
knowledge of public affairs far beyond his years. He 
was offered the nomination of Congressman from 
the Fifth Congressional District in 1886, but de- 
clined the honor. He was presiding officer at the 
convention of Democratic clubs in Baltimore, July 
4, 1888. He has been president of the alumni of 
the Law School of Boston LTniversity since 1884, and 
also president of the Middlesex County Democratic 
Club. He is a member of the Union Club, Boston. 
He was married on June 3, 1885, at Cambridge, to 
Miss Margaret Manning, daughter of the late Rev. 
Joshua Swan, of Cambridge ; they have two children. 

Rust, Nath.^niel J., son of Meshach and Martha 
(Frost) Rust, was born in (lorham. Me., Nov. 28, 
1833. He was educated in the Gorham Academy of 
his native town, and when yet a lad began business as 
clerk in a drug-store in Paris, Me. In 1851 he came 
to Boston and continued here in the same business, 
ultimately becoming one of the most prominent men 
in his line of trade. He is now of the Rust & 
Richardson Drug Company, and is connected with a 
number of well-known corporations. He has been 
|)resident of the Lincoln National Bank since 1885, 
is president and a director of the Dorchester Gas 
Light Company, and is a director of the Boston Gas 
Light Company, the Boston Safe Deposit Company, 
the Mercantile Loan and Trust Company, the Nep- 
tune Insurance Company, and the \\'akefield Rattan 
Company. Mr. Rust has also been prominent in 



380 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



public life. He was a member of the lower house 
of the Legislature in 1874, 1S75, and 1876; a 
member of the Boston common council of 1878 and 
1879; and of the board of aldermen in 1891, 
reelected for the term of 1892. He is also a com- 
missioner of the sinking-fund. In 1877 and 1878 
he served as chairman of the Republican ward and 
city committee. Mr. Rust was married April 28, 
1863, to Miss Martha C. Carter, of (iorham, Me. ; 
their children are Martha C, Mary Alice, Edgar 
Carter, and Nathaniel J., jr., Rust. 



SALTONSTALL, Levere'it, son of Leverett 
and Mary Ehzabeth (Sanders) Saltonstall, 
was born in Salem March 16, 1825. Having been 
prepared for college matriculation in the Salem 
Latin School, he entered Harvard and was gradu- 
ated therefrom in the class of 1844. Choosing the 
professsion of law, he continued his legal studies in 
the Harvard Law School, and was graduated A.M. 
and LL.B. in 1847. He was admitted to the 
Suffolk bar, where he continued in active practice 
until 1862, when he retired and devoted himself to 
agriculture and the interests of various trusts. From 
December, 1885, to Feb. 1, 1890, he was collector 
of customs, port of Boston, to which office he was 
appointed by President Cleveland. Mr. Saltonstall 
is a gentleman of liberal culture, and has been 
repeatedly called to serve in positions of honor and 
trust — positions demanding much time and con- 
scientious labor, remunerative chiefly in the con- 
sciousness of having performed beneficial work. He 
was a member of the board of overseers of Harvard 
College from 1876 to 1888, and elected again in 
1889 for another term. He is a- member of the 
Massachusetts Historical Society, the New England 
Historic Genealogical Society, and the Bostonian 
Society. He is a member of the board of trustees 
of the Massachusetts Society for Promoting Agricult- 
ure, and numerous other societies of kindred nature. 
He was for two years president of the Unitarian 
Club. In 1854 he was appointed on the staff of 
Gov. Emory Washburn, with the rank of lieutenant- 
colonel. In 1876 he was commissioner from 
Massachusetts to the Centennial Exposition at Phil- 
adelphia. He was married in Salem Oct. 19, 1854, 
to Rose S., daughter of John Clarke and Harriet 
(Rose) Lee; of this union were six children: 
Leverett Saltonstall, jr. (deceased 1863), Richard 
Middlecott, Rose Lee (Mrs. Dr. George West, 
deceased), Phillip Leverett, Mary E. (Mrs. Louis 
Agassiz Shaw), and Endicott Peabody Saltonstall. 
His residence is Chestnut Hill, Newton. It is gi\-en 



to a very few to trace an unbroken genealogical 
line so far back as the family of Mr. Saltonstall. He 
is in direct descent from Thomas De Saltonstall, of 
the West Riding of Yorkshire, England, who lived 
in the fourteenth century. Through Muriel (Sed- 
ley) Gurdon, wife of Richard Saltonstall (1610), 
son of Sir Richard Saltonstall (1586) and Grace 
Kaye, wife of Sir Richard, the descent is had from 
the oldest famihes in England and Scotland. The 
first ancestor in this country was Sir Richard, of 
Huntwick, knight, lord of the manor of Ledsham, 
near Leeds, England, who began the setdement of 
Watertown in 1630, and was original patentee of 
Massachusetts and Connecticut. His son Richard 
came to New England in 1630, and settled in Iijs- 
wich in 1635. Mr. Siltonstall's grandfather was 
Nathaniel Saltonstall, an eminent physician and 
patriot of Haverhill. Nathaniel's son Leverett 
(Harvard, 1802), the father of Mr. Saltonstall, was 
eminent as an advocate, speaker of the House of 
Representatives, president of the State Senate, 
member of Congress, A.A.S. and S.H.S., LL.D., 
Harvard University, and a member of the board of 
overseers. 

Sampsiin, Walikr S., was born in Plymouth, Mass., 
Feb. 22, 1835. He joined the army at the outbreak 




WALTER S. SAMPSON. 



of the Civil War as captain of Company K, Sixth 
Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers, which, while 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



381 



marching through the streets of Baltimore on their 
way to Washington, received the first fire of the war 
from the mob in that city, and posted first guard at 
the capitol, relieving the police. He was after- 
wards cajitain in the Twenty-second Regiment, and 
ser\eil with distinction throughout the entire war. 
After returning home he engaged with Otis Went- 
worth, the well-known builder, and was his foreman 
for ten years until 1875, when, in company with E. 
W. Clark, he formed the present building-firm of 
Sampson, Clark, & Co. They have taken and suc- 
cessfully completed some of the heaviest contracts 
known, contracting for every branch of the work of 
construction and finishing. The new Court House 
is their latest large success ; and among other 
notable buildings constructed by them are the 
State Building in Rutland, Vt., the County Building 
in Keene, N.H., the O'Brien Grammar School and 
the Hyde High School in the Roxbury district, the 
Continental Sugar Refinery, the People's Church, 
the largest and finest horse-railroad stables in the 
country at South Boston, the Plymouth Woollen 
Mills, and many blocks of stores in Boston. They 
have also built large numbers of dwellings, includ- 
ing many in the Back Bay district. Captain Samp- 
son is a member of Charles Russell Lowell Post, 
No. 7, G.A.R., the Master Builders' Association, 
and the Mechanics Exchange. He was married in 
Boston in 1858, and resides in South Boston. 

S-iiNBORN', Henry W., son of Noah W. and Eliza- 
beth (Farvvell) Sanborn, was born in Brighton 
March 16, 1853. He was educated in the Brighton 
public schools, and studied civil engineering. He 
began work as a civil engineer in 187 1, with Fuller 
& Whitney, of Boston. Two years later he was em- 
ployed in the Boston city engineer's office. In 
1874-5 he was of the firm of Smilie & Sanborn, in 
Newton. In 1876 he was employed upon the im- 
proved sewerage system of Boston, and in 1881 as 
assistant engineer in the building of Basin No. 4 of 
the Boston water works. Then, in 1883, he went 
to Philadelphia, where he had charge of hydro- 
graphic work on surveys for a new supply of water 
for that city. Four years after he returned to Bos- 
ton, and was appointed assistant engineer of the 
work on Basin No. 5 of the water works. Then 
he was made executive engineer of the main drain- 
age works, and in 1891 was appointed deputy 
superintendent of the sewer division of the new 
consolidated street-department of the city. Mr. 
Sanborn is a member of the Engineers' Club, 
of Philadelphia, and of the Megantic Fish and 
Game Club, of Boston. He was married in 1887 



to Ella Sanborn ; they have one child : Herbert W. 
Sanborn. 

Sanders, Orren Burnham, M.D., son of Jonathan 
C. Sanders, was born in Epsom, N.H., Nov. 18, 
1855. He was educated in the Boston Latin 
School, hora which he graduated in 1874, and at 
Amherst College, where he spent two years. Then 
he took the course of the Boston University School 
of Medicine, and graduated M.D. in 1879. He 
was for three years physician to the out-patients 
department of the Homoeopathic Dispensary, and 
has since been in private practice. He is now 
medical examiner of several benefit insurance- 
orders, such as the American Legion of Honor, 
the Golden Rule Alliance, and the Foresters. He 
is a member of the Massachusetts Homoeopathic 
Medical Society, the Boston Homoiopathic Medical 
Society, the Boston Surgical (lyuKcological Society, 
and the Hahnemann Club. 

Sanders, Orren Strong, M.l)., was born in 
Epsom, N.H., Sept. 24, 1820. He was educated at 
Pembroke, and at Gilmanton and Effingham, N.H., 
Academies. He studied medicine in the Castleton 
Medical College, Yt., graduating in 1843. He also 
attended Dartmouth College, from which he received 
an honorary degree in i886. He established himself 
first in Effingham, N.H. A year and a half later, in 
the autumn of 1849, he came to Boston, where he 
has since remained. He was associated for a year 
and a half with Dr. Samuel Gregg, from whom he 
took his first lessons in homoeopathy, and then 
went into private practice at No. 1 1 Bowdoin street. 
Here he lived for twenty-one years when he moved 
into his present residence at No. 511 Columbus 
avenue, which he built upon his own lot. Dr. 
Sanders is one of the three seniors belonging to the 
homieopathic medical profession in Boston, and the 
community as well as his school recognize him as 
one of its most successful members. He is a mem- 
ber of the Massachusetts Homoeopathic Medical 
Society (of which he has been president), the Amer- 
ican Institute of Homoeopathy, the Hahnemann 
Club, and the Boston Homceopathic Medical 
Society. He has lectured from time to time before 
the women of the Boston Physiological Society, and 
has contributed largely to the medical journals. 
For two years he was a member of the Boston 
school committee. 

Sanford, Alpheus, son of Joseph B. and Mary 
C. (Tripp) Sanford, was born in North Attle- 
borough, Mass., July 5, 1856. His education was 



382 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



begun in the primary school of his native town, 
continued in the public schools of Melrose and the 
Boston Latin School, and finished in Bowdoin Col- 
lege, from which he graduated in 1876. In college 
he was president of his class, a member of the 
Kappa chapter of Psi Upsilon Fraternity, and cap- 
tain of the college base-ball nine. He studied law 
in the ofiice of the late Joseph Nickerson, and was 
admitted to the Suffolk bar in 1879. He has since 
practised here. Mr. Sanford was a member of the 




ALPHEUS SANFORD. 

Boston common council in 18S6, and of the lower 
house of the Legislature in 1888 and 1890, serving 
the first year as house chairman of the committee 
on election laws, and the second on the committee 
on the judiciary. He has been a member of the 
Republican ward and city committee of Boston for 
several years, and its secretary from 1889 to 1892 ; 
in i8gi he was a member of the executive com- 
mittee of the Republican Club of Massachusetts, 
and in 1892 secretary of the organization. He 
was married Sept. 20, 1883, in Acushnet, to Miss 
Mary C. V. Oardiner : they have one child, Gar- 

Sanijer, Chester F., oldest son of Warren and 
Lucy (Allen) Sanger, and a direct descendant of 
Richard Sanger who came over from England in 
1636 and settled in Hingham, was born in Somerville, 
Mass., Dec. 22, 1858. He was educated in the 



public schools of Cambridge, to which city his father 
had removed, and at Harvard, graduating therefrom 
in 1880. Immediately after obtaining his degree 
he entered the law-offices of Messrs. Morse & Allen, 
of Boston, as a student, remaining with them until 
his admission to the Suffolk bar in July, 1883. He 
has always taken a deep interest in public affairs in 
Cambridge, and until his appointment to a judicial 
position was an active worker upon the Republican 
city committee. In 1887 his ward sent him to 
the common council, and in 1888 and 1889 he rep- 
resented the First Middlesex District in the lower 
house of the Legislature, rendering most efficient 
service during both years. In October, 1889, he 
was appointed by Governor Ames justice of the 
Third District Court of F^astern Middlesex, with 
jurisdiction extending over Cambridge, Arlington, 
and Belmont. 

Savace, Henrv W., was born in Alton, N.H., March 
21, 1859. He came to Boston in 1866, and fitted for 
college in the Boston Latin School. He graduated 
from Harvard in 1880. The same year, in Septem- 
ber, he entered the real-estate office of Samuel Rice, 
who had been in business since 1840 on State and 
Tremont streets, and three years later was admitted 
as a partner. On the death of Mr. Rice in the 
same year, he succeeded to the entire business. 
Since that time the business has quadrupled. His 
office employs eleven men, and something like six 
hundred tenants are on its lists. In 1890 a build- 
ing department was added, which is under the per- 
sonal supervision of Mr. Savage, and is kept entirely 
separate from the usual management and commis- 
sion business of a real-estate office. This bureau — 
for so it may legitimately be called — has been very 
successful as a means of development and improve- 
ment of vacant or unproductive estates. From 
twenty to fifty buildings yearly are either built or 
remodelled in such a way as to increase to the 
best advantage the owner's return. The magni- 
tude of the commission and rental portion of Mr. 
Savage's business may be estimated from the fact 
that during 1890 over eighteen thousand people 
were registered as applicants to buy or hire at his 
office. In 1 89 1 Mr. Savage removed his office to 
the large store No. 37 Court street, which was 
especially fitted for his business. Mr. Savage was 
for three years commodore of the Dorchester, now 
Massachusetts Yacht Club, is a member of the 
Revere Lodge, St. Andrew's Chapter, and De Molay 
Commandery Knights Templar, and president of 
the Real Estate Association. He is married and 
resides in Boston. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



383 



Sawin, Charles Dexter, M.D., son of Samuel 
D. and Caroline E. (Simonds) Sawin, was born in 
Charlestown June 10, 1857. He was educated in 
the Institute of Technology, from which he graduated 
in 1878. He entered the Harvard Medical School 
the same year, and during 1881, 1882, and 1883 
was connected with the Boston City Hospital. He 
received his degree in 1883, and the following year 
was spent in studying in Vienna. Then he returned 
to Charlestown in 1884, and began practice there. 
In December, that year, he was appointed physi- 
cian and surgeon to the Massachusetts State Prison, 
which position he held until June, 1891, when he 
resigned. He is a member of the Massachusetts 
Medical Society, the Harvard Medical School Asso- 
ciation, and the Boston City Hospital Club. He 
has been eminently successful, notwithstanding he 
has suffered the amputation of one arm. Dr. 
Sawin was married Oct. 14, 1885, to Miss Kathe- 
rine M., daughter of Thomas Morton Cole. She 
died July 19, 18S7, leaving one child, Katherine 
Morton Sawin. 

Saw\-er, Charles W'., son of Seth Sawyer, is a 
native of Charlestown. He was educated in the 
public schools, and at the age of twenty became 
a government employ^, entering the Charlestown 
post-office as clerk under Colonel Charles B. Rogers, 
then postmaster. Within a year he was promoted 
to the head clerkship, and this position he held 
through the term of Colonel Rogers and those of 
his successor, William H. DeCosta. As the end of 
Mr. DeCosta's second term of four years approached, 
the two entered into a friendly rivalry for the chief 
place. As a result a new man was appointed. Mr. 
Sawyer was urged to remain in his old position, but 
he decided to retire, and with Mr. DeCosta, his 
former chief, entered the real-estate business under 
the firm name of DeCosta & Sawyer. After seven 
years' successful pursuit of this business, Mr. DeCosta 
retired and the firm was dissolved. This was in 
1876, and since that time Mr. Sawyer has conducted 
the business alone, maintaining the office in which 
it was started, No. 9 City square. In 1887 he also 
opened a Boston office in the CAohe Building. For 
seventeen years he has been a resident of Somer- 
ville. He has served in both branches of the 
Somerville city council, and was chairman of the 
first board of health chosen in that city under the 
State law. He is president of the Charlestown 
local club known as the " Nine Hundred and 
Ninety-ninth Artillery," and of the " Trainingfield " 
School Association. He is a thirty-second degree 
Mason, past commander of Coeur de Lion Command- 



ery Knights Templar, and a charter member of the 
Orient Council, of Somerville. 

Sawyer, Timoihv Thiimi>S(.)N, son of \Mlliam and 
Susannah (Thompson) Sawyer, was born in Charles- 
town Jan. 7, 1 81 7. His ancestors were among 
the earliest settlers in Massachusetts. One of them, 
James Thompson, came to Charlestown with Gov- 
ernor Winthrop's company in 1630. On the other 
side, Thomas Sawyer setded in Lancaster in 1641. 
His early education was chiefly obtained in the public 
schools. His business life was begun in the hard- 
ware and ship-chandlery store of his uncle, Thomas 
M. Thompson, in Merchants row, Boston. When 
he was twenty years of age his uncle died, and for 
five years he continued the business alone. In 1842 
he formed a partnership with John W. Frothingham, 
under the firm name of Sawyer & Frothingham, and 
the same business was continued for two years. 
About this time the firm of Gage, Hittinger, & Co. 
was formed, to engage in the wharfage and ice busi- 
ness, of which Mr. Sawyer was a partner. In 1846 
the firm name was changed to Gage, Sawyer, & Co. 
The house was extensively engaged in the shipment 
of ice, and had business connections in the princi- 
pal Southern cities, in several of the West India 
Islands, in Rio Janeiro and Calcutta, and was 
widely and honorably known. Mr. Sawyer retired 
from active business in 1862. For thirty-eight 
years he has been a director in the Bunker Hill 
National Bank (its president from 1884 to 1890, 
when he resigned that office), and a trustee of the 
Warren Institution for Savings nearly as long. Of 
the latter he was made president in 1880, which 
position he still holds. During his active career he 
has held many local offices of trust and responsi- 
bility. In 1840 he was a member of the financial 
committee, and assessor in 1841 of the town gov- 
ernment of Charlestown. In 1843, 1844, and 1845 
he was a member of the school committee. The 
town became a city in 1847. In 1848, 1853, and 
1854 he was a member of the common council 
under the city government — elected president the 
last year, but declined to serve. He was mayor of 
Charlestown in 1855, 1856, and 1857, and chairman 
of the school committee from 1855 to 1864. In 
1857 he was a member of the lower house of the 
Legislature, and in 1858 State Senator. His first 
election to the office of mayor was as the citizens' 
candidate in opposition to the candidate of the 
Know-Nothing party, and this was the first defeat 
of that party after its organization in the State of 
Massachusetts. When the Charlestown Public 
Library was established, in i860, he was elected 



384 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



president of the board of trustees, and continued to 
hold the office until the cit)- was annexed to Boston, 
in 1 87 2. He was president of the Mystic water 
board from 187 1 to 1876, and of the Boston water 
board from 1876 to 1879, and subsequently for 
another year; and for the first three years of its 
existence was a member of the fire commission 
of Boston. He has been treasurer of the Bunker 
Hill Monument Association since 1879, and for 
years one of the trustees of Tufts College. In 
religious matters Mr. Sawyer has been active and 
prominent, having been upon the standing com- 
mittee of the First Universalist Church of Charles- 
town for nearly half a century, and for ten years 
chairman. 

.Savwarii, W'ii liam H., son of U'illiam and 
Margaret Ann ((Jregson) Sayward, was born in 
Boston, on Common street, Feb. 20, 1845. He was 
educated in the Boston public schools. He began 
business life in the wholesale grocery trade, with 
Draper & Co., No. 21 South Market street. He i> 
now a builder, and secretary of the Master Builders' 
Association, the National Association of Builders, 
and the Boston Executive Business Association. 
He is also chairman of the board of trustees for 
New England of the .American Employers Liability 
Insurance Company. He was a member of the 
lower house of the Legislature from Ward 20, in 
1883. Mr. Sayward was married .\ug. 27, 1869, to 
Miss Caroline A. Barnard ; of their five children 
three are living : William Henry, jr., Perceval, and 
Margaret Elise Sayward. The two who have died 
were Mary Caroline and Everett Sayward. 

Scorr, Charles Winkield, M.D., son of Charles 
W. and Lucy (Kellum) Scott, was born in Johnson, 
Vt., Oct. 31, 1849. He was educated in the schools 
of his native town, and in the University of the 
City of New York. AVhen a lad of thirteen, he 
enlisted as a bugler in the First Vermont Heavy 
Artillery, but was discharged on account of extreme 
youth. Again enlisting later on, in the Twenty- 
eighth Massachusetts Volunteers, he went to the 
front. He was mentioned for gallant services. 
He was wounded in the batUe of Cold Harbor, and 
received his discharge March 5, 1865. Dr. Scott 
began the practice of medicine in Johnson in 1870, 
and a year later carne to Boston. Here he remained 
eight years, and then removed to Hartford, Conn. 
In 1884 he accepted the position of professor of 
anatomy in the Kansas City Hospital College of 
Medicine. In 1890 he returned to Boston, and has 
since remained here. He is a prominent Mason 



(thirty-second degree), past chancellor commander 
of the Knights of Pythias, past noble grand of the 
Odd Fellows, commander of Farragut Post G.A.R., 
of Kansas City, late medical director of the Depart- 
ment of Missouri, and a leading member of the 
Society of the Army of the Potomac. He was a 
member of the Ninth International Medical Con- 




gress. He has contributed largely to medical jour- 
nals, notably several papers on the " germ theory " 
of disease. His brother is Julian Scott, the eminent 
artist. Dr. Scott has been twice married. His first 
wife was .'\nna M., daughter of Dorr Hobart, and his 
second is a daughter of Mrs. D. A. Pollard, of Hart- 
ford, Conn. : he has one son, Charles W. Scott, jr. 

Seaver, EimiN PLim', son of Samuel and Julia 
(Conant) Seaver, was born in Northborough, Mass., 
Feb. 24, 1838. His education was attained in the 
common schools, which he attended to the age of 
seventeen, the Bridgewater Normal School ( 1 855-7 ) , 
Phillips (F^xeter) .Academy (i 860-1), and Har- 
vard College (class of 1864). He was tutor and 
assistant professor of mathematics in Harvard from 
1865 to 1874, and then became head master of 
the Boston English High School. This position he 
held until 1880, when he was made superintendent 
of the public schools of Boston, his present station. 
Mr. Seaver's interest in the work of teaching has 
always been an overmastering one, in so much that 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



38s 



his endeavors to prepare for and enter the legal 
profession were in vain. He has been held to teach- 
ing by something stronger than his own will — a 
kind of destiny, perhaps. He has been one of the 
overseers of Harvard College for twelve years (1879- 
91), is a member of the Massachusetts Historical 
Society, and has been a member of the American 
Academy of Science. He has never been in poli- 
tics. He was married Sept. 10, 1872, to Miss 
Margaret W. Gushing ; they have had seven children, 
six of whom are living : Robert, Julia Conant, 
Oscar Leidd, Margaret Gushing, Henry Gushing, 
Edwin Pliny, jr., and Samuel Seaver. 

Sharpi.ks, Stephen Pascam,, Massachusetts State 
assayer, was born in West Ghester, Pa., April 21, 
1842. He received his early education in private 
schools, and also in Bolmar's Academy and the 
West Ghester Normal School, later attending the 
Agricultural GoUege of Pennsylvania. He finally 
graduated with honors from the Lawrence Scientific 
School of Harvard University in i865. He was 
instructor in chemistry for one year in the Lehigh 
University at Bethlehem, Pa. ; for three years assist- 
ant in the Lawrence Scientific School ; one year 
assistant editor of the " Boston Journal of Ghem- 
istry ; " and in 1874 received the appointment of 
professor of chemistry in the Boston Dental GoUege, 
which position he still holds. Professor Sharpies 
has accomplisheil niiK h in the field of scientific 
literature, ha\inL,' written, as an expert, about one- 
third of the ninth volume of the tenth census, and 
a number of articles on the adulteration of food. 
He is at present engaged, in connection with L. A. 
Morrison, on a " History of the Kimball Family." 
He has made many trips to some of the important 
mineral fields in North America ; to Turk's Island in 
1881, West Virginia in 1882, to the coast of New- 
foundland in 1886, and to the Florida and North 
Garolina phosphate beds. He has also been frequently 
employed in courts as an expert in matters relating to 
chemistry. Professor Sharpies is a member of many 
organizations, among them the American Academy 
of Arts and Sciences, the Philosophical Society 01 
Philadelphia, the Society of Natural History of Boston, 
the American Pharmaceutical Association, the Amer- 
ican Ghemical Society, the American .Association 
for Advancement of Science, the American Mining 
Engineers, and the Society of Industrial Ghemistry 
of London. He is now the assayer and inspector of 
intoxicating liquors for the State of Massachusetts. 
Professor Sharpies was married on the 1 6th of June, 
1870, to Miss A. M. Hall, of Cambridge. He resides 
in that city. 



SH.«-rucK, Frederick Gheever, was born in 
Boston Nov. i, 1847. He was educated in the 
Boston Latin and other schools, and graduated from 
Harvard A.B. 1868, A.M. 1872, and M.D. 1873. 
From 1873 to 1875 he was abroad in Vienna, Ber- 
lin, Strasburg, Paris, London, and other cities, 
studying his profession. He returned to Boston in 
1875, and in 1880 was connected with the Harvard 
Medical School as assistant in clinical medicine. 
He was also at one time instmctor in the practice 
of medicine here, and in 1888 was appointed pro- 
fessor of clinical medicine. He was physician to 
out-patients at the Massachusetts General Hospital, 
and then, in 1885, was appointed visiting physician 
to the hospital, which position he now holds. Dr. 
Shattuck is a member of the Massachusetts Medical 
Society, the Boston Society for Medical Improve- 
ment, the Boston Society for Medical Observation, the 
.'Association of American Physicians, the American 
Glimatological ."Association, and other organizations. 
He has made various contributions to medical cyclo- 
paedias and periodicals, and has published a book 
on " Auscultation and Percussion." He is a member 
of the board of managers of the Children's Hospital. 
He married Elizabeth P., daughter of Henry Lee, 
of Boston. 

Shaiiuck, George Otis, son of Joseph and 
Hannah (Bailey) Shattuck, was born in Andover, 
Mass., May 2, 1829. His family is descended from 
William Shattuck, who was born in England about 
162 1, and who died in Watertown Aug. 14, 1672. 
Both his grandfathers were soldiers of the Revolu- 
tion, and his great-grandfather Bailey was killed at 
Bunker Hill. He was fitted for college in Phillips 
(Andover) Academy, and entering Harvard gradu- 
ated in the class of 1 85 1 . He began the study of law 
in the office of Charles G. Loring, and attended the 
Harvard Law School two years, graduating with the 
degree of LL.B. in 1854. Admitted to the bar 
in January, 1S55, he began practice in September 
following, in connection with J. Randolph Goolidge. 
Then, in May, 1856, he became associated with 
Hon. Peleg W. Chandler, and this relation continued 
until February, 1870, when he formed a partnership 
with William A. Munroe. Later Oliver Wendell 
Holmes, jr., was admitted to the firm, and these 
relations continued until the appointment of Mr. 
Holmes to the Massachusetts Supreme bench in 
1882. The firm is now Shattuck & Munroe. Mr. 
Shattuck has been especially successful as a corpo- 
ration lawyer, and in the handling of commercial 
cases of magnitude. He was a member of the 
Boston common council in [^1862.*' For many 



^86 BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 

years he has been one of the board of overseers of Medical School, which position he has held from its 



Harvard College, and a member of the Massachu- 
setts Historical Society. Mr. Shattuck was married 




GEORGE O. SHATTUCK. 



inception. He has also held different clinics in the 
dispensary, and has been connected with the West 
End Dispensary. He is the Boston physician to the 
.\ctors' Fund of America, the Lodge of Odd Fel- 
lows, the Boston Lodge of Elks, and the Man- 
pitti Tribe of Red Men. He is a member of the 
Massachusetts and Boston Homoeopathic Medical 
Societies. 

Shaw, Levi \\'oodburv, Capt., was born in New 
Durham, N.H., May 9, 1831. He comes of the 
stanch old New England stock. His earliest training 
was in a little country school in his native place, which 
only afforded about three months' schooling in the 
year ; the interim was filled by work on the farm and 
in assisting his father, a builder. Later he spent 
three terms at the Wolfborough Academy, on the 
shore of Lake Winnepesaukee. The winter follow- 
ing his graduation he taught two district schools 
with great success. In July, 1850, he left the old 
homestead and came to Boston, to follow his trade 
of a carpenter. He became early noted for origi- 
nality and advanced ideas in mechanical construc- 
tion. In 1865 he established himself in business 
as senior partner of the firm of Shaw & Morrison, 
car[)enters and builders, whose name soon became 



in 1857 to Mis;, lunih L'opelind, of Roxbiiry : they 
have one daughter, Susan, the wife of Dr. Arthur 
T. Cabot. 

Shaw, Ji.hix ()., jr., was born in Milton, August, 
1S50. He is a son of John O. Shaw, and grandson 
of the late Chief Justice Shaw. He graduated from 
Har\ard in the class of 1873, and then read law in 
his present office (No. 27 State street) with Lemuel 
Shaw, and in the Boston Law School. In 1875 he was 
admitted to the bar, and has been in active ].iractice 
ever since. In ])oliti('s he is a Republican. 

Sh.^w, Jai\u-:,s Si ait, M.D., son of Thomas Shaw, 
of Big Rapids, Mich., and brother of Rev. Anna 
H. Shaw, national lecturer of the Women's Suffrage 
Association, was born in England March 15, 1837. 
He came to America at the age of fifteen. His educa- 
tion was begun in England and finished in Lawrence, 
Mass. In 1876 he graduated from the Boston 
University School of Medicine M.D. Previous to 
that time he had practised dentistry. He estab- 
lished himself in Boston, and immediately after 
graduation began the practice of medicine ; here 
he has since remained. Dr. Shaw is secretary of 
the Dispensary Association of the Boston University 




integrity. During this period Capta 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



387 



also a member of the Boston fire department, 
which he joined in 1852 under Chief WiUiam 
Barnicoat. He rose in rank through the several 
grades, and in 187 1 was elected by the city 
council an assistant engineer under Chief John S. 
Damrell. He was one of Chief Damrell's most 
trusted lieutenants in the great fire of 1872, and 
he ser\-ed in this position up to the time the de- 
partment was placed in the hands of the fire 
comniissioiii rs. The latter offered him the ])osi- 
tion of district chief engineer, which he declined. 
In January, 1878, at the solicitation of his former 
chief, Captain Shaw accepted the position of 
assistant inspector of buildings, an office for 
which his experience, both as builder and fireman, 
had eminently qualified him. In 1886 he was 
promoted to the charge of the sub-department, 
known as the " egress department," which position 
he still holds. It is one of the greatest importance 
and responsibility, its duties being the inspection 
of apartment-houses, hotels, theatres, manufactories, 
and other buildings in the city where people are 
congregated, and the ordering of additional means 
of egress, either by stairways or fire-escapes, where- 
ever necessary for the protection of life. To 
enforce the laws for the protection of life over 
so great an area, and to combat the persistent 
evasion of them, requires a man of personal and 
moral power combined with military firmness. 
Such a man is Captain Shaw, whose honorable 
administration of this office is written on count- 
less walls in the city, in iron guarantees of safety 
and the assured protection of uncounted lives. 
Captain Shaw is also prominent as an Odd Fellow 
and Knight of Honor, and he was one of the found- 
ers of the New England Order of Protection, and of 
several other orders. Captain Shaw was married 
in Boston, on the 12th of March, 1853, to Miss 
Margarette T. Keating; they have had three 
daughters : the eldest is Miss Mary Shaw, the 
talented actress, whose hosts of admirers are 
from Canada to New Orleans; the next is Helen 
A. Shaw, the popular writer of prose and poetry in 
leading journals ; and the third is Mrs. Margarette 
Evelyn IngersoU, also a contributor to the journals 
and magazines of the day. 

Shepard, Edward O., son of Rev. John W. and 
Eliza (Burns) Shepard, was born in Hampton, 
N.H., Nov. 25, 1835. He was fitted for college 
in the Nashua, N.H., High School, and went 
through Amherst, graduating in the class of i860. 
He then became principal of the Concord, Mass., 
High School, and was teaching when the Civil War 



opened. In June, 1862, he enlisted, commissioned 
first lieutenant of Company G, Thirty-second Regi- 
ment Massachusetts Volunteers. He was promoted 
to captain and major in the same regiment, and 
brevetted lieutenant-colonel. He was in every 
battle of the Fifth Corps of -the Army of the 
Potomac to the surrender at Appomattox. He was 
wounded in the second battle of Hatcher's Run, 
Feb. 5, 1865, while in command of the brigade 
skirmish-line, taken prisoner, and juit in Libby 




EDWARD O. SHEPARD. 

Prison, where he remained until his release on 
parole on the 2 2d of that month. At the close of 
the war Mr. Shepard at once began the study of 
law in Boston, in the office of Jewell, Gaston, & 
Field. Admitted to the bar, April 18, 1867, he 
continued in their oftic e, and in 187 1 was admitted 
to the firm. Upon Mr. Gaston's election to the 
governorship and temporary retirement from prac- 
tice (1875), the firm name was changed to Jewell, 
Field, & Shepard, and upon the appointment of 
Mr. Field to the Supreme bench in 1881, Jewell & 
Shepard. Since the death of Mr. Jewell, in Decem- 
ber, 1 88 1, Mr. Shepard has practised alone. The 
firm had been the counsel of the old Metropolitan 
Street Railway Company from 1865 to 1 881, and Mr. 
Shepard continued as its counsel from 1881 until 
it was absorbed by the West End Railway Com- 
pany. Then he was counsel for the latter corpora- 
tion, in the department of claims and accidents, 



388 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



until 1890. He is now in the general practice of 
the law. Mr. Shepard was a member of the Boston 
common coimcil in 1872, 1873, and 1874, presi- 
dent of that body the last two years of his service. 
In 1877 he was appointed judge-advocate-general 
upon the staff of Sovernor Ames, with the rank of 
brigadier-general, and appointed to the same posi- 
tion upon the staff of Governor Brackett. On June 
18, 1874, he married Miss Mary C. Lunt, daughter 
of Hon. Micajah Lunt, of Newburyport ; they have 
four children : Mary Lunt, Edward Olcott, Ralph 
Lunt, and Allan Richards Shepard. 

SHEP.4R1), Harvey Newton, son of William and 
Eliza Shepard, was born in Boston July 8, 1850. 
He was educated in the Eliot School, this city, the 
Wesleyan .Academy, Wilbraham, and Harvard Col- 
lege, graduating from the latter in the class of 1871. 
Then he studied in the Hai-vard Law School, gradu- 
ating in the following year. He began practice in 
Boston in the law-firm of Hillard, Hyde, & Dickin- 
son, and three years after, in 1875, opened an 
office of his own. From 1883 to 1887 he was 
assistant attorney-general of the Commonwealth. 
In 1 88 1 he was admitted to practice at the bar 
of the United States Supreme Court. He was a 
member of the Republican city committee of 
Boston in 1874 and 1875, of the Republican State 
central committee in 1875, 1876, and 1877, and 
president of the Young Men's Republican State 
committee in 1879 and 1880. During part of 
this period he was a member of the Boston com- 
mon council (1878, 1880, and 1881), its president 
in 1880 ; and he was a member of the lower house 
of the Legislature in 1881 and 1882. He has 
been an earnest member of the Tariff Reform 
League since its organization in 1885, and was in 
1892 the chairman of its executive committee. 
Upon the tariff and other issues he became an 
Independent, and has since been identified with 
the progressive Democrats. He has made many 
valuable contributions to the literature of the tariff- 
reform movement, and has been an able and force- 
ful speaker upon the stump. In 1878 and 1879 
he was a trustee of the Boston Public Library, and 
on its examining committee in 1888 and 1889. 
He delivered the Fourth of July oration before the 
Boston city government in 1884, and that before 
the faculty and graduates of the Wesleyan .Academy 
in 1887. He has been vice-president of the Boston 
Loan and Mortgage Company, Kansas City, Mo. ; 
director of the Revere Street Railway Company ; 
and president of the .Arlington Brick and Tile 
Company, of Florida. He was worshipful master 



of St. John's Lodge, Free Masons, in 1881 and 
1882; high priest of St. John's Chapter, 1882 and 
1S83 ; thrice illustrious master of East Boston Coun- 
cil, 1887 and 18S8; district deputy grand master 
of the First Masonic district, 1883, 1884, and 1885 ; 
and commissioner of trials of the Grand Lodge, 
1885-9. I^s ^v3-s president of the Excelsior 
Associates, 1867-71 ; president of the Eliot School 
.Association, 1881 and 1882, and has since been its 
treasurer ; and president of the New England Club, 
1886-9. Mr. Shepard was married on Nov. 23, 
1873, in Everett, to Miss Fannie May Woodman; 
their children are : Grace Florence, Marion, Alice 
Mabel, and Edith May Shej^ard. 

.Shepard, John, son of John and Lucy (Hunt) 
Shepard, was born in Canton, Mass., March 26, 
1834. He received his early education in the pub- 
lic schools of Pawtucket, R.I., and at an evening 
school in Boston. In 1845 he worked for J. W. 
Snow, Boston, in the drug business, and in 1847 for 
J. A. Jones in the dry-goods trade. In 1853, at 
nineteen years of age, he went into business for 
himself, under the firm name of John Shepard & 
Co., and in 1861 he bought out Bell, Thing, & Co., 
Tremont row, continuing that business until 1865, 
under the name of Farlev & Sheijard. Since that 




time he has been the senior partner of the firm of 
Shepard, Norwell, & Co., dry-goods merchants on 



4l 




c:^ 



^-■^-^'-^'^-^ <rz-«-< 



> 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



389 



Winter street. Mr. Shepard is a member of the 
Merchants' Association ; a director of the Lincohi 
Bank, the Lamson Store Service Company, and 
the Connecticut River Paper Company ; and presi- 
dent of the Burnstein Electric Company. He is an 
ardent and well-lvnown lover of fast trotting-horses, 
he himself having owned some of the most valuable 
equine stock in the country. In raising and driv- 
ing the finest horses he continues to find relaxation 
from the exacting demands of the immense busi- 
ness he has brought to such a high standard of 
honorable prosperity. Mr. Shepard was married 
in Boston Jan. i, 1856, to Miss Susan A., daughter 
of Perkins H. and Charlotte (White) Bagley ; their 
two children are John, jr., and Jessie Watson 
Shepard. He resides in the winter on Beacon 
street, and has a summer residence called " Edge- 
water" at Phillips beach, in Swampscott. 

Shepherd, James, D.M.D., son of the late James 
Shepherd, dentist, of Boston, was born in this city 
Aug. 2, 1862. He was educated in the public 
grammar and Boston Latin schools, and graduated 
from the Harvard Dental School in 1885. He es- 
tablished himself in Boston, where he has since 
practised his profession. He is a member of the 
Massachusetts Dental Society, and of the Harvard 
Odontological Society. He contributed the annual 
address, on " Science of Correspondences," before 
the Odontological Society on Feb. 22, 1890. Dr. 
Shepherd is unmarried. 

Shepley, George F., of the architectural firm of 
Shepley, Rutan, & Coolidge, and son of John R. 
Shepley, was born in St. Louis Nov. 7, i860. He 
was educated at the Washington University in that 
city. He came to Boston and graduated from the 
architectural department of the Institute of Tech- 
nology, class of 1882, and then associated himself 
as draughtsman with the late H. H. Richardson. 
On the death of Mr. Richardson in 1886, the firm 
of Shepley, Rutan, & Coolidge was established in 
Brookline, the firm succeeding to the large business 
established by him.- In 1887 they removed to 
Exchange street in this city, and have lately occupied 
an elegant suite of offices in the new Ames Build- 
ing. Among the many fine buildings this firm has 
constructed are the Leland Stanford L^niversity 
Building, of Colorado ; Board of Trade Building, 
Montreal ; the Wells- Fargo Express Company 
Buildings, in San Francisco ; the Bell Telephone 
Building, in St. Louis ; Masonic Temple, in Pitts- 
burg ; Ames Building, new Chamber of Commerce, 
and Commercial Buildings, Boston ; the Boston & 



Albany station, at Springfield ; the Union station, 
at Hartford, Conn. ; and suburban stations of the 
Boston & Albany and New York Central Railroads. 
They will soon begin the work of completing 
Trinity Church, Boston, in accordance with Mr. 
Richardson's original plans. Mr. Shepley was 
married in 1887, to Miss Julia Hayden Richard- 
son, daughter of the late H. H. Richardson, and 
resides in Brookline. 

Shuman, a., one of the best-known of Boston's 
great merchants, was born in Prussia May 31, 1839, 
and came to this country with his parents when but 
a child. The family settled in Newburg, N.Y., 
where young Shuman worked on a farm, when not 
at school, until he was thirteen years of age, when 
he went into a clothing-store in that town. When 
but sixteen years of age he started in the world to 
shape out a fortune, and went to Providence, R.I. 
Not satisfied with the scope afforded him in that 
city, he soon came to Roxbury, and his coming was 
as fortunate for that place as for him. This was as 
long ago as 1859. He at once began business 
in a store on the corner of Vernon and Washington 
streets. This store had a frontage of twenty feet 
and was sixty feet deep. Before long the business 
had increased so greatly that it became necessary 
to enlarge the premises by adding a brick building, 
and then the frontage was some sixty feet long. 
This made the store almost if not the largest 
in Roxbury at the time, and it was universally 
admired. The " Roxbury Gazette," in a series of 
articles under the title of " Men of Roxbury whose 
Lives are a Shining Example to their Fellows," 
thus speaks of Mr. Shuman : " Few public occa- 
sions of importance take place without the presence 
of A. Shuman, one of Roxbury's most estimable 
citizens, and a man of business whose name carries 
weight throughout the L^nited States and Europe. 
He is essentially a self-made man, and his mammoth 
business to-day is a monument to his sterling 
ability and integrity. Whether it be in public life, 
in circles of society, or in his store, Mr. Shuman 
will always be found with a smile on his face and a 
kind word for all who have dealings with him. 
Possessed of a handsome face, with flowing side- 
whiskers, and always well dressed, Mr. Shuman is 
indeed a distinguished-looking man, and, added to 
this, his genial bearing makes him much sought 
after in all social as well as commercial circles. 
With the pluck which has throughout distinguished 
him, a few years after settling here he opened 
a store, which has since developed to mammoth 
proportions, on Washington street, Boston, but he 



390 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



has never left Roxbury. On the contran,', he is 
proud of his residence there, and delights to think 
that he has done much to improve it and make it 
the creditable place it is to-day. His residence on 
Vernon street is itself a credit to the locality, and 
it is within a very few months that he spent a large 
sum of money in improving it still further. The 
business premises in Boston are most colossal, and 
yet, large as they are, the firm is compelled to hire 
other buildings in the vicinity for the convenience 
of the help. Mr. Shuman is first vice-president of 
the Boston Merchants' Association, for several years 
he has been a leading member of the board of 
directors of the Manufacturers National Bank, and 
for nearly seven years he has been an active 
member of the board of trustees of the City 
Hospital, a position which has called for a large 
portion of his time from week to week, and yet he 
has so filled the office that there is no one in the in- 
stitution whom he does not know, and the duties 
each ought to perform." In public affairs, as 
appHed to essentials by which charities and insti- 
tutions are benefited, Mr. Shuman is especially 
conspicuous, and is frequently noted in the press 
for kindly deeds coupled with gifts that are be- 
stowed with admirable tact and discretion. The 
Boston City Hospital and the Dillaway School in 
Roxbury possess handsome American flags pre- 
sented by Mr. Shuman, who, though of foreign 
birth, is intensely American, and a thorough be- 
liever in the benefits of his adopted country ; and 
many institutions are remembered by him from 
time to time in a practical and unostentatious 
manner. The immense establishment at the corner 
of Washington and Summer streets, denominated 
the " Shuman Corner," which is the result of his 
indomitable business energy, is an ornament to 
Boston's principal business thoroughfare in all its 
effective points of solidity and harmonious propor- 
tion, and exhibits an achievement of no ordinary 
merit in the progress of mercantile improvement. 
The combined space of eight floors occupies an area 
of over two acres, and comprises a mammoth empo- 
rium that has no peer in New England, wherein are 
concentrated all the different items composing entire 
outfits for gentlemen, boys, and children. With his 
employes no head of a firm could be more jjopu- 
lar than Mr. Shuman. He frequently puts himself 
to much inconvenience for their special benefit. 
He has arranged a system of purchasing houses for 
them, and no employer in Boston has botight as 
many homes for his help as he. He has saved 
many from having their mortgages foreclosed, has 
loaned them money, charging no interest, and has 



allowed them to pay back in small instalments ; and 
the appreciation of his many kindnesses has been 
manifested by his employes again and again in 
beautiful and appropriate testimonials. In financial 
ability he possesses those characteristics which have 
gained for him among his business confreres the 
reputation of being exceedingly " level-headed." 
As he has conducted his own business with care, 
prudence, and integrity, so has he conducted all 
offices of a public character which have been thnist 
upon him from time to time. In the spring of 
1892 he was made chairman of the board of 
trustees of the City Hospital. Mr. Shuman was 
married Nov. 3, 1861, to Miss Hetty Lang; they 
have had three sons and four daughters. The 
daughters are : Emma, married to August Wilde, of 
Wilde, Haskell, & Co., New York ; Bessie, married 
to Alexander Steinert, of M. Steinert & Sons, piano- 
forte makers; Theresa and Lillian Shuman. The 
sons are Edwin and Sidney, who are in the firm of 
A. Shuman & Co., and Ceorge Shuman. 

Simmons, John F., was born in Hanover, Mass., 
June 26, 1 85 I. He received his preliminary educa- 
tion in Hanover, preparing for college at Phillips 
(Exeter) Academy; and graduated from Han-ard 
in 187?, as class orator. He studied law in the law 



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department of Harvard, and was also proctor in the 
university until February, 1875, when he was ad- 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



391 



mitted to the bar. He then formed a partnership 
with the late Judge J. E. Keith, in Abington, Mass., 
and continued this association for nearly nine years, 
when it was dissolved and he became a partner of 
Harvey H. Pratt. This firm is now in practice. In 
February, 1890, Mr. Simmons opened a Boston of- 
fice, although he makes his summer home in Han- 
over. He is president of the South Scituate Savings 
Bank and director of the Abington National Bank, 
having been its receiver after its failure a few years 
since. He succeeded in reorganizing the bank 
under the old charter, after it had left his hands as 
receiver. This has been accomplished in no other 
case since the national banking system was estab- 
lished. Mr. Simmons' father, Hon. Perez Simmons, 
was a leading lawyer in Plymouth county for thirty 
years, a prominent citizen of the State, and one of 
the leaders of the Dorr Rebellion in Rhode Island. 
He was a member of the lower house of the Massa- 
chusetts Legislature and of the senate ; and also of 
the constitutional convention. While in the senate 
he was a prominent member of the committee on the 
revision of the statutes, of whose work the ( General 
Statutes of i860 was the result. He died on the 
iSth of May, 1885. 

SiMi'SDX, Frank Ernf,st, son of Michael H. and 




E. SIMPSON. 



private schools and at Harvard College, from which 
he graduated in 1879. The year after his gradua- 
tion he became connected with the Roxbury Carpet 
Company. For several years he was its treasurer, 
and in 1885 he was elected its president. Mr. 
Simpson is unmarried. 

Sleeper, S. S., son of Rev. \Valter and Nancy 
(Plaisted) Sleeper, was born in Bristol, N.H., 




Elizabeth T. (Kilham) Simpson, was born in Boston 
in February, 1859. He was educated in Boston 



S. S. SLEEPER. 

March 18, 1S15. He first started in business in 
Bristol, a member of the firm of Bartlett & Sleeper. 
In 1845 he became a member of the Boston firm of 
I'',. Raymond & Co., wholesale grocers, which was 
est;il:)lished in Faneuil Hall until 1858. That year 
the house was removed to Milk street and the firm 
name changed to Sleeper, Dickinson, & Co. In 
1 86 1 Mr. Dickinson retired, and the firm be- 
came S. S. Sleeper & Co. The present quarters at 
No. 12 South Market street were then occupied. 
Mr. Sleeper is one of the most prominent men in 
his trade, and his house is one of the oldest in 
Boston. He was a member of the lower house of 
the Legislature in 1876 and 1877, and again in 
1886 and 1887, and a member of the Cambridge 
board of aldermen from 1880 to 1886. 

Si.nci'.M, \\'iLLiAM F., son of Oliver K. and Mary 
(Mills) Slocum, was born in Tolland, Mass., Jan. 
31, 1822. He acquired an academic education. 



392 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



and in later years an honorary degree of A.M., be- 
stowed by Amherst College. He began the study 
of law in 1843 with Billings Palmer, then of Shef- 
field, Mass., and was admitted to the bar in Berk- 
shire county in the fall of 1846. He began prac- 
tice in Grafton, Worcester county, in December of 
that year. He practised alone, successfully, until 
1866, when he entered into partnership with the 
late Judge Hamilton B. Staples, and opened an of- 
fice in Boston. In 1871 his son Winfield S. Slocmn 
became his partner, under the name of W. F. & W. 
S. Slocum. The firm has acquired a large general 
practice. Mr. Slocum is Republican in politics ; 
represented Grafton in the lower house of the Legis- 
lature, serving on the committee on probate and 
chancery and other committees ; and has been 
active in municipal affairs where he has resided. He 
now lives in Newtonville, Mass. He is a Congre- 
gationalist in religion, a Mason, and a member of 
the Boston and the Newton Congregational Clubs. 
He is also a member of the Boston Bar Association 
and of the Massachusetts Club. Mr. Slocum was 
married April 21, 1847, to Margaret, daughter of 
Edward L. Tinker ; they have had four children : 
Winfield S., Edward T., now member of the Berk- 
shire bar and register of probate for that county. 
Rev. William F., president of Colorado College, and 




'*^,\ 



A 



WILLIAM F. SLOCUM. 



Henry O. Slocum (deceased) 
Jan. 25, 1888. 



Slocum, Winfield S., son of AMlliam F. and 
Margaret (Tinker) Slocum, was born in Grafton, 
Mass., May i, 1841. He graduated from Amherst 
College in the class of 1869, and then studied law 
at Boston, in the office of Slocum & Staples, com- 
posed of his father and the late Judge Hamilton B. 
Staples. He was admitted to the bar in 1871 and 
became a partner with his father in general practice, 
under the firm name of W. F. & W. S. Slocum. 
He was a member of the first school board of the 
city of Newton, where he resides (in Newtonville), 
and has been city solicitor of that city for eleven 
years. He represented his district in the lower 
house of the Legislature in 1888 and 1889, serving 
as House chairman of the committee on cities the 
last year, and on the committee on cities both 
years. He is Republican in politics. He belongs 
to the Central Congregational Church at Newton- 
ville. He is a member of the Boston Congrega- 
tional Club, the Boston Bar Association, the Boston 
Athletic Association, and the Newton Club, and is 
a Mason. Mr. Slocum was married in 1873, to Miss 
Annie A., daughter of Charles T. Pulsifer, of New- 
ton ; they have two sons and one daughter : Agnes 
E., Charles P., and Winfield S. Slocum, jr. 

Smith, Albert C, son of Matthew D. and 
Louisa .-X. (Pottle) Smith, was born in Boston 
March 14, 1845. He was educated in the Boston 
public .schools. His first business connection was 
with the wholesale drug-firm of Smith, Doolittle, & 
Smith, which began in July, 1872. On the first of 
April, 1890, the firm was reorganized under the 
style of Smith, Benedict, & Seigemund. Mr. 
Smith is a member of the Boston Drug Association 
and an ex-president of the organization, and is 
[iresident of the Suffolk Dispensary. He is a promi- 
nent member of the Masonic fraternity, having held 
many positions of honor, being a thirty-third degree 
member of the Scottish Rite, past grand high priest 
of the Grand Royal Arch Chapter of Massachusetts, 
[last commander of William Parkman Commandery 
of Knights Templar. He is also a member of the 
Knights of Pythias, the Red Men, and the Boston 
Lodge of Elks, past exalted ruler of the latter. He 
is a life member of the Mercantile Library Associa- 
tion, and belongs to the Young Men's Christian 
.Association. He is prominent in local affairs, and 
represents his ward in the common council of 1892. 

S-Mii H, Charles Whii'ple, son of Percy and Martha 
W. Smith, was born in Boston July i, 1S45. His 
early life was jiassed in \\'altham, and he graduated 
from the high school in that town in 1863. He 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



393 




then returned to Boston, entering the employ of Smith, Eugene H., was born in Oldtown, Me., 
John Sanderson, provision broker. After two years Oct. 23, 1853. He finished his education at the 

Allen Brothers' English and Classical School in West 
Newton, Mass., and then studied dentistry with Dr. 
Samuel J. Shaw, of Marlborough, for two years, after 
which he entered the Harvard Dental School, gradu- 
ating in 1874 with the degree of D.M.D. For five 
years he was associated with Dr. L. D. Shepard. In 
18S1 he was appointed clinical instructor at Harvard 
College, in the absence of the professor of operative 
dentistry. From 1883 to 1885 he was chairman of 
the board of instruction. In 1890 he was appointed 
to the faculty and the chair of orthodentia. Doctor 
Smith is vice-president of the American Academy 
of Dental Science, and a member of the Harvard 
Odontological Society, the American Dental Asso- 
ciation, the Boston Society for Dental Improvement, 
the Massachusetts Dental Society, and the Odonto- 
logical Society of New York. 

Smith, Franklin, was born in Boston Oct. 16, 
I S3 1. He was a nephew of G. W. Smith, one of 
the pioneers in iron manufacture in Boston, and is 
to-day the president of the extensive G. W. & F. 
Smith Iron Company, which his uncle founded in 
1836 in partnership with Mr. Nutting, the firm then 
being Nutting & Smith. After the retirement of 
he formed a partnership with Alden E. Yiles, an old 
friend and schoolmate. This firm conducted a 
large and profitable business for fourteen years, dur- 
ing which time they acquired a large real-estate 
interest, both by purchase and lease. Disposing of 
their brokerage business, they have since devoted 
their time to real-estate and corporation business. 
Mr. Smith is director in several corporations. He was 
one of the originators of the Newton Street Rail- 
road Company, having charge of its finances during 
the construction of the road, and is now the treas- 
urer of the corporation. He has always been a 
prominent Republican, and has held a number of 
important offices. He served on the board of 
assessors for five years ; and, although living at the 
time in a strong Democratic district, he was, through 
his personal popularity, twice elected to the lower 
house of the Legislature, where he served on im- 
portant committees. In 1886 he was elected to 
the board of aldermen from the Fifth District 
(Back Bay), and was reelected the three successive 
years by nearly the unanimous vote of that district 
without regard to party lines. Mr. Smith is a 
Mason, belonging to the De Molay Commandery franklin smith. 

of Knights Templar. He was married Dec. 10, 

1872, to Miss Hattie E. Farnsworth, of Harvard, Mr. Nutting, G. W. Smith conducted the business 
Mass. alone for a while and then took Mr. Felton into 




.S94 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



partnership. Franklin Smith was admitted to the 
firm in 1853, when Mr. Felton retired, and the 
style of the concern became G. W. & F. Smith. In 
1880 the corporation of the G. W. & F. Smith Iron 
Com])any was formed and succeeded to the busi- 
ness. Franklin Smith is the president, and his 
son, Elmer F. Smith, secretary of the corporation, 
which for a number of years has been one of the 
largest manufacturers of building and architectu- 
ral iron-work in New England. The wrought-iron 
works, Nos. 409 to 417 Federal street, and the 
foundry on Farnham street, Roxbury district, are 
fully equipped with the latest-improved machinery 
and appliances, and employment is furnished to 
upward of two hundred and fifty skilled workmen. 
They produce all kinds of cast and wrought iron 
work, structural work, girders, iron fronts, etc., and 
their business extends throughout all sections of the 
United States. They have furnished the iron for 
many of the fine buildings of Boston, among them 
the City Hall, the State House, the Post-Office 
dome, and fully seven-eighths of the large buildings 
on Summer and other streets in the " burnt district." 
They furnished the new Concord prison, the jiost- 
ofifices at Providence, R.I., Portsmouth, N.H., .San 
Francisco, Cal., Waldoborough, Me., and Bristol, 
R.I., the Ogden-Goelet house at Newport, and a large 
number of the large buildings, both public and pri- 
vate, in the Back Bay district. Mr. Smith is an 
active member of the Master Builders' Association 
and of the Charitable Mechanic Association. He 
is also connected with the Ancient and Honorable 
Artillery Company and Masonic bodies. He resides 
in Boston, on Columbus avenue. 

S.MiTH, Gedrce E., son of David H. and Esther 
(Perkins) Smith, natives of New Hampton, N.H., 
was born in that town April 5, 1849. He fitted for 
college at the New Hampton Literary Institute, and 
graduated from Bates College, Lewiston, Me., in 
1873. He began the study of law there the same 
year, in the office of United States Senator William 
P. Frye, and was admitted to that bar in 1875. He 
came to Boston the same year, and took a course of 
lectures in the Boston University Law School ; then 
he began practice with Horace R. Cheney. He 
has been associated with William H. Preble eleven 
years, at No. 23 Court street, in general commercial 
practice. In politics he is Republican. He resides 
in Everett, and represented Everett and Maiden in 
the lower house of the Legislature in 1883 and 
1884. He was chairman of the committee on roads 
and bridges, and was a member of the committees 
on education and taxation. He is a trustee of the 



Everett Town Library. He is a member of the 
Masonic fraternity. On Oct. 31, 1876, he was 
married to Miss Sarah F. Weld, daughter of Charles 
E. Weld, of Buxton, Me. ; they have one daughter, 
Theodosia Smith. 



W, 



M. (1 



jf George K. and Anna 

in thr South X..V. _M, 





,.^m^ 




'^'^ iH 


«« ^ 


». ^^ 


F 


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/ ^^ 



G. WALDON SMITH. 

1859. He was educated in the I'hiladelphia public 
schools and the University of Pennsylvania. He 
also gained his first business experiences in Phila- 
delphia. For several years he did newspaper work 
on the various newspapers of that city and Balti- 
more, and in 1876 first engaged in the photographic 
profession, which he has since followed with marked 
success. After having served in various responsible 
positions for some of the leading houses of Phila- 
delphia, Baltimore, and New York, he established 
himself in Boston. This was in 1886. He at once 
became one of the prominent figures in the photo- 
graphic fraternity, and early won a place among the 
leaders in his line. He has established branches 
of his Boston establishment in Portland and Old 
Orchard, Me.; Amherst, Williamstown, and South 
Hadley, Mass. ; and Middletown, Conn. Mr. Smith 
is one of the youngest men among the prominent 
photographers of the day. 

SMriH, Hkxry Hvde, son of (Ireenleaf and 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



395 



Nancy (Churchill) Smith, both natives of Maine, 
was born in Cornish, that State, Feb. 2, 1832. He 
prepared for college at Parsonsfield Seminary, 

(Bridgton Academy, and Standish Academy in his 
native State, and graduated from Bowdoin in 1854, 
and the Harvard Law School in i860. He was ad- 
mitted to practice in Portland, Me., Feb. 2, i860, 
; and continued there and in Fryeburg until 1867, 
when he came to Boston? Here he has been in 
practice alone ever since, his office at No. 10 Tre- 
mont street. Among his associates may be men- 
tioned John G. Stetson, Ambrose Eastman, Daniel 
C. Linscott, all classmates. In politics he is 
Republican. He is a member of the Boston Bar 
Association. On Dec. 24, 1861, he was married 
to Mary Sherburne Dana, daughter of the late Gov. 
John Winchester Dana, of Maine. They have one 
son, Winchester Dana. Mr. Smith resides in Hyde 
Park and is a member of the Episcopal church. 

Smith, Herbert Llewellyn, M.D., was born in 
Hudson, N.H., June 6, 1862. After graduating 
from the high school at Nashua, he entered Dart- 
mouth College, graduating in 1882. In 1883 he 
was a teacher in the high school at Hanover, N.H. 
Then he came to Boston and entered the Harvard 
Medical School, occupying his leisure hours in teach- 
ing in the Boston Evening School. In 1887 he 
received his degree of M.D. from the Medical 
School. In 1886 he was house surgeon to the 
Boston City Hospital, and a year later was assistant 
superintendent, resigning this office in November, 
1889, to practise for himself. In 1890 he was 
elected professor of surgery in the Boston Dental 
College, a position he now holds. Dr. Smith was 
married Sept. 24, 1890, to Miss Sallie S. Wolfe, of 
Charlestown. 

Smith, James, was born in Edgartown, Martha's 
Vineyard, April 14, 1831. He was educated in 
the schools there and learned his trade as mason 
in Lawrence, Mass., beginning in 185 1. He started 
in business for himself as contractor and builder in 
Boston in 1872, immediately after the great fire, 
and did much towards rebuilding the burnt district. 
Since that time he has had a large number of 
heavy contracts, the execution of which has 
placed him in the front rank of master builders 
of the city. Among his important works are the 
Montgomery Building, the Sears Building, and the 
Hart Building, in Boston ; Baker's large chocolate- 
mills, in Milton ; Morse Brothers' " Rising Sun " 
poHsh manufactory, in Canton ; and St. Paul's School, 
in Concord, N.H. He has also erected a large 



number of fine residences in different sections of 
the city. Mr. Smith is an active member of the 
Master Builders' and the Massachusetts Charitable 
Mechanic Associations. He was married in 1854 
to Miss Louisa Morse, of Edgartown. He resides 
in the Dorchester district. 

Smith, J. Heber, M.D., son of Rev. Joseph Smith 
and grandson of Rev. Daniel Smith, of Maine, was 
born in Bucksport, Me., Dec. 5, 1842. He re- 
ceived his preliminary education in the public 
schools of Boston and Haverhill, Mass., subsequent 
to which, on account of continued ill- health in 
youth, he pursued his studies several years under 
private tuition. He graduated in medicine March, 
1866, at the Hahnemann Medical College, Phila- 
delphia, valedictorian of his class. He has been a 
member of the Massachusetts Homoeopathic Medi- 
cal Society since 1867, holding the office of presi- 
dent in 1884, and for some years chairman of its 
bureau of materia medica ; and of the American 
Institute of Homoeopathy since 1869, in i88g 
chairman of its bureau of materia medica. He is 
author of a number of original papers, which 
have formed a portion of current medical literature, 
and some of which have been incorporated in 
permanent form in the cyclopaedias. From the 
establishment of the Boston University School of 
Medicine in 1873, he has held the position of 
professor of materia medica in that school. From 
1883 he has been one of the admitting and attend- 
ing physicians of the Massachusetts Homoeopathic 
Hospital, and also one of its trustees. He is a 
member of the Boston Homoeopathic Medical 
Society, and is still engaged in the active practice 
of his profession at No. 279 Dartmouth street. 
In 189 1 Dr. Smith was elected president of the 
Parental Home Association, a chartered society 
organized under the laws of the Commonwealth 
for the education of poor children in the various 
industrial arts and the branches of study taught 
in the common schools. On Sept. 3, 1868, he 
married Mary A. Greene, daughter of Joseph H. 
Greene, of Melrose, Mass. 

Smi'ih, Jonathan Jason, M.D., son of E. H. and 
Elmira Smith, was born in New Hampton, N.H., 
July 17, 1837. He secured his early schooling in 
the common schools and the New Hampton 
Academy. At the age of nineteen he entered the 
commercial college of Payson & Hanneford in 
Boston, and graduated therefrom in 1859. He 
next took a position in Waltham, in the American 
Watch Factory, where he remained until 1867. That 



396 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



year he began the study of medicine under a pre- 
ceptor, but ill-health compelled him to suspend 




Harvard Law School in i860. He began practice 
in the office of Henry W. Paine, with whom he 
remained closely associated until 1882. After 
1882, and until his death, Mr. Smith and his 
brother-in-law, Melville M. Weston, occui:)ied 
offices together at No. 13 p;xchange street, adjoin- 
ing those of the late Sidney Bartlett. During these 
years he was frequently associated with Mr. Bartlett 
in important cases. Earty in his career Mr. Smith 
took a leading place in his profession, and enjoyed 
a large and ever-increasing practice, a great part 
of which was derived from brother lawyers who 
sought his aid as senior counsel. The resolutions 
adopted at the bar meeting held to take action on 
his death truly expressed the affection and es- 
teem with which he was regarded : 

Without fear and without reproach in his office as coun- 
sellor of the court, he enjoyed, as we are proud to believe, its 
unreserved confidence and respect. To a full and exact 
knowledge of the law, and a singular mental aptitude for its 
practice, he joined generous scholarship and broad literary 
culture, so that his advocacy was marked by dignity and 
grace, as well as by intelligence, precision, and vigor. Of the 
strictest integrity and most delicate sense of honor, he was 
uiiif.irnily courteous, generous, and kindly in his dealings with 
liis lirctlircn. so that association with him at the bar tended 
.^l«avs to maintain the best standard of honor among gentle- 
JONATHAN J. SMITH. " . - . 

men of our profession. 

his Studies until 1875, when he entered Har\ai-d. 
Graduating from the medical department of the 
college in 1878, he made a short trip abroad. 
Upon his return he established himself in Boston 
and began the practice of his profession, at which 
he has since continued, meeting with marked suc- 
cess. For a time Dr. Smith was established on 
Tremont street, but in 1880 he removed to his 
present residence on Bowdoin street, where he has 
his office. Dr. Smith is a member of the Massa- 
chusetts and Suffolk Medical Societies, and of the 
Harvard Medical School Association. He was first 
married in Waltham, in i860, to Miss Elizabeth O., 
daughter of Jonathan and Mahala Weeks, of Hill, 
N.H. She died in 1876. His second marriage 
was in 1881, to Mrs. Rebecca B. Warren, of Boston. 
Of the first union four children were born, only one 
of whom is now living, — a son, who graduated 
from Harvard in 1892. 

SiUTH, Robert Dick.son, son of Dr. John De 
Wolfe and Judith Wells (Smith) Smith, was born in 
Brandon, Miss., April 23, 1838; died in Boston 
May 30, 1888. His boyhood was passed in 
Hallowell, Me., where his parents settled a few 

years after his birth. He was graduated from His life was devoted to the practice of the law, 

Harvard College in the class of 1857, and from the and his only excursion into politics was made in 



L 



^^^^^(^ 



ROBERT D. SMITH. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



397 



1876, when he sat as a member of the lower house 
of the Legislature. He declined a nomination for 
Congress, and at different times appointments as 
judge of the superior and of the supreme courts. 
He delivered the Fourth of July oration before the 
city authorities in 1880. He was an overseer of 
Harvard College from 1878 until his death, and was 
a member of the Union, Wednesday Evening, Cen- 
tury, and various other clubs. He married Miss 
Paulina Cony Weston, a daughter of the late George 
Melville Weston, of Washington, D.C., and a first 
cousin of Chief Justice Fuller. She and three 
children sundved him : a son, Robert Dickson 
Weston, and two daughters, Alice \\'eston and 
Paulina Cony Smith. 

Smith, \Villiaii French, M.D., was born in East 
Stoughton (now Avon), Mass., July 11, 1853. He 
enjoys the distinction of having descended, on his 
father's side, from Peregrine White, the first white 
child born in New England. His mother is a lineal 
descendant of John Alden and Priscilla. He fin- 
ished his education in the high schools in Green- 
field and Somerville, and entering Harvard College, 
graduated in 1875. He then went abroad and 
entered the German University at Gottinger, study- 
ing under the special care of Prof. F. Wohler, and 
there received the degree of Ph.D. He returned to 
America in 1877, and began practice as an analyst, 
continuing until he succeeded Dr. Hayes, as State 
assayer, in 1880, which position he still holds. Dr. 
Smith is a member of the French and the German 
chemical societies, and has contributed much to 
science in the way of experiments and literature 
pertaining to analytical chemistry. He was married 
in 1875 to Miss Juliet Griffin, of Somerville. 

Smith, Winfield Scott, M.D., son of the late 
Jacob Smith, of Chatham, Mass., was born in Chat- 
ham Feb. II, 1 86 1. He was educated in Boston, 
prepared for college at the English High School 
and by private tuition, and entering Boston Univer- 
sity, graduated A.B. in 1882 and M.D. in 1883. 
He was then appointed assistant demonstrator of 
anatomy in the medical school of the Boston Uni- 
versity, and afterwards lecturer on anatomy, which 
position he now holds. He is also assistant surgeon 
to the Massachusetts Homoeopathic Hospital. He 
is a member of the Massachusetts and the Boston 
Homoeopathic Medical Societies, and of the Boston 
Surgical and Gynecological Society. 

Snow, Samuel, son of Caleb H. and Sarah (Drew) 
Snow, natives of Boston and Duxbury respectively. 



was born in Duxbury Nov. 18, 1832. The father 
was the author of Snow's " History of Boston," and 
edited most of Bowen's books on Boston. He was 
also a practising physician. He died in 1835 at 
the age of thirty-nine, being one of the first literary 
men of Boston in his day. Samuel Snow graduated 
from Brown University in 1856, studied law in Har- 
vard and with Caleb W. Loring, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1858. He has been continuously in 
practice ever since, his office now being at No. 4 
Pemberton square. He has chamber practice, hand- 
ling trusts, etc. Mr. Snow was one of the earliest to 
seek the gold fields in California, arriving there by 
ship " Niantic, " via Panama, July 5, 1849, and he is 
now president of the New England Associated Cali- 
fornia Pioneers of 1849. He is Republican in poli- 
tics, and has been councilman and alderman in 
Cambridge, where he resides. He marrietl Miss 
Ophelia A. Smith, who died leaving three living 
children : Mabel B., Anna Constance, and Laura 
C. Snow. 

Solev, John Codman, son of John J. and Ehira 
(Degen) Soley, was born in Roxbury Oct. 22, 1845. 
His early educational training was received in the 
grammar schools of his native town. He fitted for 
college in the Roxbury Latin School, entered Har- 
vard in the class of 1865, but left the college and 
entered the Naval Academy, Newport, R.L, Nov. 
19, 1862. From 1862 to 1866 he served in the 
frigates " Macedonia " and " Savannah," and the 
corvettes " Marblehead," " Winnipeg," and "Swa- 
tara." He was graduated June 12, 1866; ordered 
to Sacramento the same year ; was wrecked on the 
Coromandel coast of Lidia June 19, 1867 ; remained 
in India three months, and returned to the United 
States in a British troop-ship. From 1870 to 1873 
Lieutenant Soley served at the United States Naval 
Academy at Annapolis as an instructor in ordnance 
and gunnery, and in command of the infantry bat- 
talion. He was then ordered to the European fleet, 
and joined the "Wabash," at Corfu, Greece, in 
August of that year. He was appointed flag-lieuten- 
ant to Admiral Case, who was in command ; and 
was present at Carthagena during the fights between 
the Republican troops and the Communists. In 
1874 he returned to the United States, and served 
in the squadron at Key West as flag-lieutenant to 
Admiral Case, who was then appointed commander- 
in-chief of the United States forces assembled in an- 
ticipation of a war with Spain. He was transferred 
to the " Franklin," returned to Europe in May, 
1874, and was appointed February, 1875, flag-lieu- 
tenant to Admiral VVorden, commander-in-chief in 



398 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



European waters. In 1878 he returned to the 
Naval .Academy as gunnery and tactical instructor, 
where he remained until June, 1880. He made a 
cruise on the coast as executive ofificer of the " May- 
flower " in the summer of 1878, with cadet en- 
gineers. In June, 1880, he was ordered as executive 
of the frigate "Constellation" for a cruise on the 
coast with cadet midshipmen. In the fall of 1880 
he was ordered as executive of the sloop-of-war 
" Saratoga," and cruised on the coast until the fall 
of 1 881. He took part in the Yorktown celebration 
in command of the Artillery Battalion of the Naval 




JOHN O. SOLEY. 

Brigade. He refitted at Boston in the winter of 
1 88 1-2, and sailed for Europe in the spring of 
1882. In July of that year he was ordered to Paris 
as naval attach^ of the legation. He returned to the 
United States in November, and received leave of 
absence. He entered business as a stock-broker in 
Boston, which is his present residence. In Feb- 
ruary, 1885, he was placed on the retired list of the 
navy on account of color-blindness. Mr. Soley is 
a member of the American Association for the 
Advancement of Science ; of the Algonquin, St. 
Botolph, Athletic, Naturalist, and Thursday Evening 
Clubs; and the Military Historical Society of :\Ias- 
sachusetts. He is commodore of the Massai husctls 
Yacht Club, and a member of the i;nstern and the 
Corinthian (of New York) Yacht Clubs. He is also 
commanding officer of the Naval Battalion, Massa- 



chusetts Militia, and commissioner of the Massa- 
chusetts Nautical Training School. He edited the 
second edition of Cooke's " Naval Ordnance and 
Gunnery," and is author of papers on " Built-up 
Guns," "Naval Operations on Shore," "Naval 
Reser\'e and Naval Militia," "The Naval Brigade," 
and " Designs for Ships of War." 

SouLE, Lawrence P., was born in Duxbury, 
Mass., March 9, 1831. He is a direct descendant 
of George Soule on his father's side, and of Gov- 
ernor Bradford on his grandmother's side, both of 
whom came over to America in 1620 on the " May- 
flower." Mr. Soule was educated in Duxbury, and 
then ser\ed an apprenticeship^ as mason with 
Charles Woodbury in Boston, beginning in 1850. 
After completing his time he served Mr. Woodbury 
as journeyman for several years. He began as a 
contractor and builder of country houses on his own 
account in Foxborough in i860, and started his 
career in Boston in 1872. Among notable buildings 
erected by him are the Angelo Building on Congress 
street, the Rice Building on South street. New Eng- 
land Shoe and Leather Association Building on Bed- 
ford street, the Hotel Wesleyan, .State Normal Art 
School, Hotel Royal, Hotel Cluney, Hotel Warren, 
Kennedy's Hotel, Brown Building on Lincoln 
street, the Riverside Press Building and Tool ^Vorks 
in Cambridge, a number of electric-light plants in 
various localities, fine residences in Brookline, and 
so on. Mr. Soule was one of the original nine who 
started the Master Builders' Association, and was 
its first vice-president, serving in that capacity in 
1885-6-7, and then president for three years 
following, 1888-9-90. He is also an active mem- 
ber of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic 
.Association. In 1883 his son, Parker F. Soule, 
became associated with him, and was admitted to 
])artnershi]) in January, 1889, the firm becoming L. 
P. Soule & Son. 

SouTH.ARD, Louis C, son of William L. and 
Lydia Carver (Dennis) Southard, was born in Port- 
land, Me., April i, 1854. His father was a direct 
descendant of John Southworth, of Plymouth Col- 
ony fame, and his mother of Gov. John Car\er. 
The name Southworth was formerly pronounced 
" Southard," and the branch of the family emigrat- 
ing to Maine ultimately changed the orthography 
to conform to the pronunciation. Louis C. was 
edui :ite(l in the Portland public schools, the Boston 
I'.iiglish High School, and the Maine State College. 
He studied law under the direction of W. W. 
Thomas, jr., and Clarence Hale, of Portland, and in 



European waters. In 1878 he relurned to tl 
Naval Academy as gunnery and tacticaJ instruct- 
where he- remained until J'!' ' ^^' made .. 
cruise on the coast as exec. u- " May- 
flower" in the summer ; let en- 
gineers. In 1 ' 
of the frigate 



fi commissioner of the Ma: 

i raining School. He edited 

seiiMMi e' ,Muu wi Cooke's " Naval Ordnance ; 

fjunnery," and is author of papers on " Built 

("!'n>." "Naval Operations on Shore," "N 

': Naval Militia," "The Naval Brigai 

. .s for Ships of War." 



.1. of the N, 


aval 


ern 


idmother's sjde, boii 




w;. 


a in 1620 on the " M 








\er." Mr. Soule waa educated in Duxbury, 








1 served an apprenticeship^ as mason v 



nd builder ot c , ■lutr) '.j'.:ses ^n hi> ■ 

Foxborough in i860, and started 

•f.n in 1S72. Among notable build I 

ihe Angelo Building on Conp 

lin>j nn South street. New 1- 



lirigadc. He refitted at Boston in the winter 
iS.Si-j. ;"'l .iiied for Europe in the spring 
iX- Out year he was ordered to Paris 

as 11 :c legation. He returned to the 

Unitei. ^eiies ui i\ovem_bcr, ^r" --■■■■' leave of 
absence. He entered busi iroker in 

Boston, which is his prese In Feb- 

mar)', 1885, he was placed on i! e i-^iii :d list of the 
navy on account of color-blindness. Mr. Soley is 
a member of the TAmerican Association for the 
Advancement of Science; of the Algonquin, St. 
Botolph, Athletic, Naturalist, and Thursday Evening 
tlubs- ; and the Military Historical Society of Mas- 
s i Jiusetts. He is commodore of ihe Massa> hnsetts 
'lachi Club, and a member of the '"a^icrn "ni i!ir 
Corinthian (of New York) Yacht ( ■ 
commanding officer of the Naval 



Kci.iiuiy'c Hotel, iJrou , l.in.ui), 

street, the Riverside Pre . lol \\ orks 

■" '■ i-;,i.v.. , -i'lmber 01 ci. > i: iv i.^ni. plants 

iiie residences in Brookline, ; 
- - uas one of the original nine v-. 
staucd the .Ma-'iT Builders' A'-::ociation, and \>.- 
its first vice-president, serving in that capacity in 
1885-6-7, and then president for three years 
following, 1888-9-90. He is also an active mem- 
ber of the Massachusetts Charitable, .Merhamt 
I S83 his son, Parker F. Soule, 
with him, and was admitted It/ 
,y, rSS,y. Ov- n-ii lK..;mmL; !. 
i'. 



Lydia Carver (Dennis) Southard, was born in Port 
land, Me., April i, TR54. His father was n direi ' 
descendant of ]u 
ony fasne, and 1 
The name .Soull; ' 

"Southard," and the branch oi the lauMiv cniii,: 
ing to -Maine ultimately changed the orthoijr ; 
to confon ' .mJalion. I-i" 

educated n ubiic schools, ■ 

r:v,.;lish ir_ i ihe Maine St..: 

-i iuw i:nder .the direction of \\ . 
and Clarence Hale, of Portland, an. : 




^?- U/lctci^"U 



J/liXuJy^C' 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



399 



the Boston University Law School, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar of the Supreme Court of Maine 




LOUIS C. SOUTHARD. 

in 1877. Establishing himself in North Easton, 
Mass., the same year, he was admitted to practise 
before the courts of this State. While pursuing his 
profession with success, he gave much attention to 
public matters. In 1884 he was nominated for 
representative in the lower house of the Legislature, 
but declined to stand; again nominated in 1886, 
and this time accepting the nomination, he was 
elected to represent the three towns of Easton, 
Mansfield, and Raynham. He served acceptably 
on the floor of the House, and in the com- 
mittee on the judiciary. In 1887 he was a mem- 
ber of the committee to represent the State at 
the centennial convention at Philadelphia, Pa., 
and the same year was a delegate to the national 
convention of the Republican League, in New 
York city. During that year, also, he assisted 
in the organization of the Republican Club of 
Easton, and was unanimously chosen its presi- 
dent, which position he still holds. In October, 
1 89 1, he was elected a member of the Republi- 
can State committee. In religious belief Mr. 
Southard is a Unitarian. He was married in 
Easton on June i, 1881, to Miss Nellie, daughter 
of Joseph and Lucy A. (Keith) Copeland ; they 
have two children : Louis Keith and Frederick 
Dean Southard. 



Spaulding, John, was born in Townsend Aug. 8, 
1 81 7, and is descended from Edward Spaulding, 
who came to New England about 1630 and first 
settled in Braintree, and now has descendants in 
Tewksbury, Chelmsford, and Townsend. His father 
was Deacon John Spaulding, who was born in Town- 
send on May 10, 1794, and was for years a leader 
in the Orthodox church of that place ; he married 
Mrs. Eleanor Bennett, of Boston, in 1814 ; second, 
Eliza Lawrence Spaulding, of Shirley, June 3, 1830; 
and third, Esther Pierce, of Townsend, May 22, 
1834. His children were Eliza Ann, born Oct. i, 
1814; John, Aug. 8, 1817; Mary Heald, April 6, 
1820; Sibyl, Sept. 12, 1822; Caroline Matilda, 
Oct. 18, 1824; Abel, Sept. 21, 1831 ; Ellen Maria, 
Nov. 13, 1842 ; Theodore Lyman, April 21, 1845 ; 
Lyman Beecher, Feb. 25, 1847 ; Theodore Eddy, 
May 3, 1849; and Ellen Rebecca Spaulding, Feb. 
23, 1854. John Spaulding was educated in the 
public schools of Townsend, Mass., Phillips (Ando- 
ver) Academy, and at Yale College, receiving his 
degree of A.M. from the latter. After a period of 
studv in the law-ofRce of George Frederick Farley, 
of Groton, he was in 1851 admitted to the bar. 
He opened an office in Groton, owing no man a 
dollar and with a small sum of money securely in- 
vested in profitable railroad-stock. While studying 
in the office of Mr. Farley he was placed in charge 
of cases in the Magistrates' Court, and thus acquired 
some experience in the trial of cases. In this way 
he secured a class of business which, after he began 
practice on his own account, naturally fell into his 
hands — a practice which gradually extended even 
beyond the borders of Middlesex county, and which, 
skilfully managed as it was, secured to him at a 
very early period a prominent and lucrative stand- 
ing in his profession. His setdement in Groton was 
made in response to the request of many prominent 
citizens, who were anxious to have a young, active 
lawyer in their town ; and they not only provided 
him with an oflSce as an inducement for him to 
remain with them, but their continued encourage- 
ment and aid were of essential service to him 
in getting a firm foothold at the bar. Here he 
remained about ten years. When the south part of 
the town became a prominent railroad-centre he 
followed the popular wave, and practised in that 
section until 1872, when he removed to Boston. It 
was largely due to his efforts and influence that 
Groton Junction, as it was called, and a part of the 
town of Shirley were incorporated, in 187 1, as a 
new town under the name of Ayer. AVhile prac- 
tising in Middlesex county the district courts were 
established, and when the first Northern Middlesex 



400 



BOSTON OF TO-nAY. 



Court was created he declined the appointment of 
judge, but accepted the position of special justice, 
which he now holds. The necessary sacrifice of a 
large portion of his lucrative practice would scarcely, 
in his opinion, be justified by the honor which such 
a judicial position would bestow. He has until 
now, well advanced in life, devoted himself assidu- 
ously to his professional pursuits, neither seeking 
nor accepting public office. Judge Spaulding was 
married in 1861, to Miss Charlotte A., daughter 
of Alpheus and Mary A. T. Bigelow, of Weston. 
Mrs. Spaulding died June 24, 1889, leaving no 
children. 



Si'F.AR, Edmund Doe, M.D., was bo 
<t. 27, 1852. He received his early 



in Boston 
(lucation in 




member of the Massachusetts Medical Society, the 
Boston Society of Medical Observation, the Boston 
Society for Medical Improvement, and the Ameri- 
can Otological Society. At various times he has 
contributed to the medical journals, and through 
them acquired a prominence in his profession that 
but few specialists of his years attain. He wrote the 
article, " Is there a Space Organ ? " which was pub- 
lished in the " Boston Medical and Surgical Jour- 
nal" in August, 1890. Among other of his writings 
are " Diseases of the Internal Ear " and " Deaf- 
mutism and Acoustic Apparatus for the Deaf." He 
has also invented a number of instruments of value, 
and his improved aural forceps figured in the 
transactions of the Otological Society in iSgi. In 
1888 Dr. Spear went to Europe and spent consid- 
erable time in Vienna, in the clinics of Professor 
Politzer and Gruber. After his return his rise in 
l)rofessional life was even more rapid than before, 
and at the present time he is recognized as one of 
the most jirofound and skilful practitioners in the 
specialty of otology. 

Spear, William Edward, son of Archibald G. 
and Angelica (Branton) Spear, was born in Rock- 
land, Me., Jan. 2, 1849. He was educated in the 
]mblic schools and at Bowdoin College, from which 



EDMUND D. SPEAR. 

the public schools, and, after passing through the 
Latin School, entered the Harvard Medical School, 
from which he graduated in 1874. Then he settled 
in his native city and imnieil lately hci^'an general 
practice. This he soon abancloiu-d, however, that he 
might devote himself wholly to ihe treatment of dis- 
eases of the ear, which he had made a special stud\'. 
He afterwards served for many years as an assistant 
surgeon to the Massachusetts Charitable Eye and 
Ear Infirmary, and in 1888 was appointed aural 
surgeon in that institution, where he is still on duty ; 
and in the out-jnitient department of the City 
Hospital he holds a like position. Dr. Spear is a 




WILLIAM E. SPEAR. 



he graduated in 1870. Then he took the regular 
course in the Bangor Theological Seminary, gradu- 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



401 



atiiig in 1873. The next three years he was pastor 
of the Congregational church at Dunbarton, N.H. 
Retiring from the pulpit, he went abroad and spent 
a year in European travel ; and upon his return 
home, having applied himself to the study of law, 
was admitted to the bar in 1878. He has since 
l^rai tised in Boston. From 1882 to 1885 inclusive, 
he was assistant counsel for the United States in the 
court of commissioners of Alabama claims, and at 
the present time (1892) is assistant counsel for the 
,L;i>\ernment in the French spoliation claims. In 
iSSS he was elected a member of the board of 
uNcrseers of Bowdoin College. Mr. Spear was 
married in October, 1878, to Mrs. Maria Josephine 
van der Vinnen ; they have had two children. Max 
Branton and Louis Rene Spear (both deceased). 
Mr. Spear is a brother-in-law of Senator Frye and 
ex-Governor Garcelon, of Maine. 

Spencer, Warren W. C, M.D., son of William and 
Susan C. (Stevens) Spencer, was born in Rockland, 
Me., in 1854. His early education was obtained in 
the schools of Bangor, and after leaving school he 
spent about twelve years in commercial pursuits in 
that city. He then studied medicine, and graduat- 
ing from the Maine State Eclectic College, began 
practice in his native State. Desiring a larger field, 
he subsequently removed to Massachusetts and 
practised in a number of leading cities here. His 
spec ialty is the treatment of chronic i ascs of dys- 
pc]isia and catarrh, and he lectures in Tremont 
!■ niple and maintains a Boston office, where he is 
a^sl^led by Drs. J. E. H. Lane and George Carleton 
II ale. The Warren Sanitarium and Exeter Hotel 
m I'.xeter, Fla., one of the most thorough and com- 
plete sanitariums in the country, was conceived and 
built by Dr. Spencer. In 1886 he married Miss 
Emily J. Law, of Providence, R.I. 

Spofforu, John C, architect, was born in Web- 
ster, Me., Nov. 25, 1854. His early boyhood was 
spent on a farm, and he was able to attend the dis- 
tiirt school during the winter months only. As a 
liov he was ambitious. He thirsted for knowledge 
liiyoiid that afforded by the district school, and he 
was allowed to attend the Monmouth Academy, 
Mi.inmouth, Me. ; afterwards he managed to spend 
sdine time at the Maine VVesleyan Seminary, Kent's 
1 1 ill. When a young man he taught school for several 
terms, using the proceeds received from this service 
ti> defray his own expenses in further study. After 
leaving the school-room he spent considerable 
time at the carpenter's and mason's trades, gaining 
an experience that has since been of great service 



to him in his profession. Early evincing a liking 
for architecture, in 1879 he decided to adopt it as 
a profession. During this year he entered the 
office of H. J. Preston in Boston. Two years 
later he was engaged as draughtsman by Sturgis 
& Brigham, and remained with them until 1886, 
during which time he had charge of the construc- 
tion of many important public buildings and note- 
worthy private residenc es, anmng whic h are the 
Commonwealth Building in lioston ; the residence 
of H. H. Rogers, of the Standard Oil Co., of New 
York city ; and the Massachusetts Life Insurance 
Company Building, a magnificent structure on State 
street. In March, 1887, he formed a partnership 
with Willard M. Bacon, under the firm name of 
Spofford & Bacon. A year later he united with 
Charles Brigham, one of the foremost architects of 
New England, formerly of Sturgis & Brigham, 
forming the present firm of Brigham & Spofford, 
who are now well known throughout the country as 
the architects of the additions to the Capitol build- 
ings of Massachusetts and Maine. Messrs. Brigham 
& Spofford are also the architects of the new 
City Hall of Lewiston, Me. ; the Hospital for 
Inebriates and Dipsomaniacs in Foxborough, Mass. ; 
, the Town Hall in Fairhaven, Mass. ; the Presbyte- 
rian Church in the Roxbury district ; the Memorial 
Hall in Belfast, Me. ; the residence of J. Man- 
chester Haynes in Augusta, said to be one of the 
finest private residences in the State of Maine ; the 
railroad stations on the Providence Division of the 
Old Colony Railroad at Stoughton and Roxbury ; 
the residences of B. D. Whitcomb in the Roxbury 
district, and C. H. Souther, in Jamacia Plain, West 
Roxbury district ; and many other buildings of note. 
Mr. Spofford has taken much interest in secret 
societies, being a Mason, an Odd Fellow, and a 
member of nrany fraternal organizations, includ- 
ing that of the Knights and Ladies of Honor, 
of which order he has been the grand pro- 
tector of Massachusetts. In 1888 he was elected 
president of the " Spofford Family Association." 
At the time he was chosen to this position seven 
hundred of the members of the Spofford family 
had gathered from all parts of the country to 
celebrate the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary 
of the arrival from Yorkshire, England, in this 
country of John Spofford and Elizabeth Scott, who 
settled in that part of Rowley, Mass., now called 
Georgetown. Mr. Spofford is a lineal descendant 
of John Wentworth, who held, by Queen Anne's 
appointment, the lieutenant-governorship of the 
province of New Hampshire from 171 7 to 1730. 
Capt. John Wentworth, great-grandfather of Mr. 



402 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Spofford's grandfather, fought on the " Plains of 
Abraham " at the Battle of Quebec, and was one 
of those brave men who helped to carry the gallant 
Wolfe to the rock beside which he died. Mr. 
Spofford belongs to a long-lived race. He can 
look back upon a childhood spent in a home in 
which were five generations of his own kin. He 
possesses really extraordinary powers of physical 
endurance. Whether in the school-room, on the 
farm, beside the bench, or at the draughting-table, 
he is capable, when necessary, of doing two days' 
work in one, and of repeating it whenever called 
upon to do so. Mr. Spofford married Miss Ella M. 
Fuller, of Turner, Me., and soon after removed to 
Everett, Mass., where they have made their perma- 
nent home. They have one child, Mabel Fuller 
Spofford, born Ajsril ii, 1883. 

Spr-IGUE, Henry Harrison, son of Cieorge and 
Nancy (Knight) Sprague, was born in Athol, Mass., 
Aug. I, 1 84 1. He was educated in the schools of 
his native town, the Chaimcy Hall School, of Boston, 
and Harvard College, graduating in the class of 
1864. After graduation he was, for about a year, a 
private tutor in Champlain, N.Y. In the fall of 
1865 he entered the Harvard Law School, and was 
at the same time a proctor of the college. A year 
later he became a law student in the office of Henry 
W. Paine and Robert D. Smith, in Boston, and in 
February, 1868, was admitted to the Suffolk bar. 
He has practised here ever since. He was a mem- 
of the Boston common council in 1874, 1875, and 
1876, serving on important committees; of the 
lower house of the Legislature in 1881, 1882, and 
1883 ; and of the Senate, representing the Fifth Suf- 
folk District, in 1888, 1889, 1890, and 1 891, the last 
two years president of that body. In both branches 
he served on important committees, chairman in 
1882 of the House committee on bills in the third 
reading ; and when in the Senate, chairman of the 
committee on elections in 1888, he drafted and 
introduced the important new ballot-bill, the passage 
of which accomplished ballot refonn. In 1884 Mr. 
Sprague was a member of the executive committee 
of the Municipal Reform Association, and, as its 
senior counsel, was instrumental in securing the pas- 
sage, by the Legislature of 1885, of the important 
amendments to the city charter of Boston by which 
the e.xecutive authority was vested in the mayor. In 
1880 he was prominent in the organization of the Bos- 
ton Civil Service Reform Association, and for nine 
years served on its executive committee and after- 
wards as president ; and he is one of the general 
committee of the Boston Citizens' Association. Since 



1875 he has been a trustee of the City Hospital, the 
first two years a member of the board on the part 
of the common council; from 1878 to the incorpo- 
ration of the hospital in 1880 as one of the trustec^- 
at-large, and since that time a trustee appointed by 
the mayor. In 1867 he was influential in restoring 
the Young Men's Christian LTnion to activity, and has 
since continued as a member of the board of govern- 
ment. Since 1879 he has been one of the trustees and 
a member of the executive committee of the Boston 
Lying-in Hospital; and since 1883 he has been 
secretary of the Massachusetts Charitable F"ire Soci- 
ety. He is a member of the Bar Association, the 
Harvard Law School Association, the Historic (lene- 
alogical Society, the Bostonian Society, and of the 
L^nion, St. Botolph, Tavern, and LTnitarian Clubs. 
Of the Tavern Club he was one of the original mem- 
l)ers, and he is now one of the trustees appointed to 
hold its real estate. Of the Unitarian Club he was for 
four years treasurer. He is also one of the trustees 
appointed to hold the buildings on Boylston street 
owned by the Woman's Educational and Industrial 
Union, and acts as the treasurer of the trustees. In 
1 884 he published a treatise entitled "Women under 
the Laws of Massachusetts : their Rights, Privileges, 
and Disabilities." Mr. Sprague is unmarried. 

SpRA(iL-E, Ri-Ffs William, M.D., son of Rufus W. 




and ?vlar)' (Fori 



m L harlestown. 




..^^^^.^E^-tL^). P:^^^^^^^' 






I 




tyT^y^y^^c-^^^ 



^.^^^^>^i^C' 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



403 



Aivj^. 29, 1847. His early education was acquired 
in the public schools there. Then he attended the 
Hai-v-ard Medical School, from which he graduated 
in 1 87 1, and spent two years abroad studying in 
the University of Vienna. He began practice in 
Charlestown, and in 1S75 moved to San Francisco, 
Cal. There he remained until 1880, and then re- 
turned to Charlestown, where he is at present es- 
tablished. . He has been city physician of Charles- 
town ; and physician to the almshouse since 1883. 
He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical 
Society. In 1874 Dr. Sprague married Miss Kate 
M. Donovan ; they have two children : Rufus W. 
and James H. D. Sprague. 

Spurr, Howard W., senior member of New 
England's largest wholesale grocery hou.se, was 
born in Sandwich, Mass., Nov. 11, 1843. After re- 
ceiving the education afforded by the schools of his 
native place, he entered a country store, and there 
began a career which has since placed his name 
among the leading merchants of the United States. 
At the age of seventeen he started out to seek his 
fortune, and came to Boston. The present firm 
is the outgrowth of the firms of Wadley, SiKirr, & 
Co., organized in 1869, and Spurr, Washburn, & 
Holmes, organized in 1875. As at present con- 
stituted, the firm was formed in 1881 under the 
firm name of Howard W. Spurr & Co., since which 
time its business has grown to such an extent that 
its goods are to be found in all parts of this country. 
Its business is represented by more than twenty 
departments, each with its respective head, and the 
system is so thorough as. to admit of the results in 
each department being accurately ascertained. The 
annual sales now reach into the millions. The firm 
controls the Howard ^\■. Spurr Coffee Comijany, the 
Howard W. Spurr Cigar Company, and the Howard 
W. Spurr Specialty Company, with foctories in 
Boston and New York. It also holds the sole 
New England selling agency for a number of 
the largest manufacturers of cigars, tobaccos, and 
general food-products in the United States. Mr. 
Spurr has not only been active in promoting his 
own business, but has taken active part in matters 
pertaining to the welfare of Boston. " Merchants' 
Week," which was inaugurated in Boston and im- 
itated by cities in the East and West, did- much to 
establish more friendly relations between buyer and 
seller. In this movement he took a ]ironiinent 
part; and at a meeting of the princ i|inl nun hants 
and business men of lioston, held in Faneuil Hall 
May 16, 1888, at which spirited addresses were de- 
livered by Governor Ames, Lieutenant-Governor 



Brackett, Mayor O'Brien, Hon. Henry L. Pierce, 
and others, Mr. Spurr presided, having been unani- 
mously elected chairman, in recognition of his 
activity and interest in this matter. The other 
members of the firm of Howard W. Spurr & Co. 
are Henry B. Pierce, Elwyn L. R. Perry, William 
H. Wilson, Andrew J. Woodward, and Albert D. 
Holmes, all men of sterling business qualifications. 
Mr. Pierce was born in Lebanon, Me. Coming to 
Boston at the age of twenty, he entered the grocery 
business, and has been associated with the present 
firm since 1881. As a buyer, salesman, and man- 
ager he stands among the leaders in the trade. 
Mr. Perry has developed marked ability as a buyer 
and salesman, and as manager of the departments 
in his charge. He was born in Boston, and was 
formeriy connected with Wadley, Spurr, & Co. Mr. 
Wilson, a native of Lowell, became connected with 
the firm in 1881, and his special mission has been 
the management of the bureau of credits, a most 
important position. He has also made his mark as 
a manager and buyer. Mr. Woodward has been 
engaged in the grocery trade for many years, having 
formerly been connected with the house of Pierce, 
Dana, & Co. ; as a buyer and salesman his reputa- 
tion is fully established among all who know the 
history of the trade during the past twenty-five 
years. Mr. Holmes has charge of the finances and 
of the counting-room department, and has brought 
to his position a large and varied experience. He 
was formerly with Wadley, Spurr, & Co. The 
firm's extensive warerooms, factories, cold-storage 
buildings, etc., are the largest in this section: 

Squire, John P., son of Peter and Esther Squire, 
was born in Weathersfield, ^Vindsor county, Vt., 
May 8, 1819. His father was a farmer. The 
years of his boyhood were spent at his home, at- 
tending the public schools and working on the 
farm. On the first day of May, 1835, he entered 
the employment of a Mr. Orvis, the village store- 
keeper at West Windsor, and remained with him 
two years. In the fall of 1837 he attended the 
academy at Unity, N.H., of which Rev. A. A. Miner 
was then principal, and taught school at Cavendish 
during a part of that and the following winter. On 
the 19th of March, 1838, he came to Boston, en- 
tered the employ of Nathan Robbins in Faneuil 
Hall Market, and continued with him until May i, 
1842, when he formed a copartnership with Francis 
Russell, and carried on the provision business at No. 
25 Faneuil Hall Market, under the style of Russell 
& Squire, until the year 1847, when the copartner- 
ship was dissolved. Mr. Squire then continued the 



404 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



business alone, at the same place, until 1855, when 
he formed a new copartnershi]), with Hiland Lock- 
wood and Edward D. Kimball, under the name of 
John P. Squire & Co. The firm name and business 
have continued until the present time, and the 
changes in the partners have been as follows : the 
retirement of Edward D. Kimball in 1866 : the ad- 
mission of \\'. W. Kimball in the same year, and his 
retirement in 1873 ; the admission of Mr. Squire's 
sons, George W. and Frank (). Squire, in 1873 ; the 
death of Hiland Lockwood in 1874: the retirement 
of Geo. W. Squire in 1876 ; and the admission of 
Fred F. Squire, the youngest son, Jan. i, 1884, 
leaving the firm to-day composed of John P., Frank 
O., and Fred F. Squire. In 1855 Mr. Squire bought 
a small tract of land in East Cambridge, and built a 
slaughter-house upon it. Since that time the busi- 
ness has grown to such an extent that the firm of J. 
P. Squire & Co. has to-day one of the largest and 
best-equipped packing-houses in the country, and 
stands third in the list of hog-packers in the United 
States. In 1848 Mr. Squire moved to West Cam- 
bridge, now called Arlington, where he has since 
lived. When he first came to Boston he joined the 
Mercantile Library Association, and spent a good 
deal of his leisure time in reading, of which he was 
very fond. The position which he holds to-day in 
commercial circles is due to his untiring industry, 
undaunted courage, and marked ability. In 1843 
he married Miss Kate ( ireen Orvis, daughter of his 
old employer; eleven children were born of this 
marriage, nine of whom are now living : George W., 
Jennie C, Frank O., Minnie E., John A., Kate I., 
Nannie K., Fred F., and Bessie E. Squire. One 
son, Charles, died in infancy. 

Stacev, Benjamin F., son of Daniel and Ruth 
(Stover) Stacey, was born in Gloucester, Mass., 
Dec. 26, 1836. He was educated in the local 
schools, graduating finally from the Gloucester High 
School. He came to Charlestown in April, 1859, 
and began business life in a drug-store on the corner 
of Bunker Hill and Tufts streets. Subsequently he 
established himself at the junction of Main and 
Warren streets ; and he is now the oldest druggist 
in the Charlestown district. He is prominent both 
in business and public life. He is president and 
secretary of the Massachusetts College of Pharmacy, 
president of the State Pharmaceutical Association, 
president of the Massachusetts Druggists Alliance, 
trustee of the Boston City Hospital, trustee of the 
Charlestown Five Cents Savings Bank, and director 
of the Mutual Protection Insurance Company. He 
was for two years, 1866 and 1867, in the common 



council, and two, 1S68 and 1S72, in the board of 
aldermen of the old city of Charlestown ; and after 
annexation, one year, 1875, in the common council, 
and three, 1889, 1890, and 1891, in the board of 
aldermen of Boston. He has also ser\ed one term 
in the lower house of the Legislature, that of 1876. 
He is president of the Bunker Hill Seventeenth of 
June Association, treasurer of the Charlestown Free 
Dispensary and Hospital, and worthy master of 
Faith Lodge, Free Masons. He has been vestry- 
man for over twenty-five years of St. John's Epis- 
copal Church, and is a zealous member of that 
denomination. In politics he has been a life-long 
Democrat. On Dec. 6, 1861, Mr. Stacey married 
Miss Emily Dodge ; they have had six children : 
Florence A., now the wife of William H. Vialle, of 
Worcester ; Mary A., wife of Fred Fish, of Orange, 
Mass. ; Dr. Charles F., Frances K., Bertha E., and 
Winthrop D. Stacey. 

S'lACKPOi.E, Frederick Dabnev, M.D., son of the 
late J. W. G. Stackpole, was born in Pomeroy, ()., 
July 19, 1849. His early education was attained in 
Cincinnati. He was fitted for college, and entering 
Harvard, graduated A. B. in 1873 and M.D. in 187S. 
After studying two years abroad he took a further 
course in the Boston University School of Medicine. 
Since that time he has been in constant private 
practice in Boston and Roxbury. He was with the 
Burroughs Place Dispensary for twelve years, and 
for a number of years was at the West End Dispen- 
sary. He has also been connected with the Roxbun,- 
Homoeopathic Dispensary. He is a member of the 
ALassachusetts and the Boston Homoeopathic Medi- 
cal .Societies, and the Hughes Medical Club, of 
which he is secretary. He removed from Boston to 
the Roxbury district seven years ago. He has made 
occasional contributions to the medical journals. 

Stackpole, J. Lewis, was born in Boston in 1838. 
He graduated from Har\-ard College in 1857, and 
two years later he received the degree of LL.B. 
from the Har\ard Law School. He had but fairly 
started in the practice of his profession when he 
received a commission as captain of the Twenty- 
fourth Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers, and en- 
gaged in the work of defending the Union. In 
1862 he was made chief commissary of subsistence 
of the .\rmy of North Carolina, and ser\-ed with 
Major-General Foster in the Goldsborough expedi- 
tion. A year later he was appointed by this officer 
judge-advocate of the Eighteenth Corps. In the 
same year he was commissioned as major and 
judge-advocate by President Lincoln, and his duties 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



405 



were extended so as to include Virginia. Shortly 
afterward, in addition, he was appointed provost- 
judge of Norfolk. In 1864 he accompanied the 
Army of the James to Bermuda Hundred, and was 
judge-advocate of the same forces before Rich- 
mond. In May, 1865, he resigned his comniis- 




S STACKPOLE. 



sion, having previously been brevetted lieutenant- 
colonel. Since leaving the army he has been an 
active lawyer. From 1870 to 1876 he was first 
assistant solicitor of the city of Boston, and in 
1890 was appointed by President Harrison one of 
the new board of general appraisers, which position 
he resigned in order to give his attention to his law 
business in Boston. 

Stearns, Albert Bigelow, son of Rev. William 
L. Stearns, was born in Rowe, Mass., Sept. 15, 
1843. Six years after his father accepted a call to 
the Unitarian parish in Pembroke, Mass., and there 
the family resided until 1856, the son being princi- 
pally educated in the private institute in the town, 
maintained by Nathaniel Smith. In December, 
1856, Rev. Mr. Stearns' health entirely broke 
down, when the family purchased a home in Chico- 
pee, Mass., and joined that of his older brother, 
Hon. Geo. M. Stearns. Rev. Mr. Stearns died in 
a few months, and Albert B. continued under the 
care of his uncle (leorge. The boy immediately 
entered the high school, in which the now Hon. 



George D. Robinson was principal. Three years 
and a half of Mr. Robinson's training qualified 
young Stearns for such fields as comported with his 
abilities and tastes. For a year he experimented 
with agriculture, in which he only became robust. 
At this time the Civil War was in progress, and hav- 
ing arrived at the age of eighteen, the patriotism of 
youth and incentive of his friends caused him to 
enlist in the Forty-sixth Massachusetts Volunteers. 
While in the field he was selected by his colonel to 
act as clerk to the adjutant : but this detail did not 
deter him from accompanying his regiment upon 
all its marches and actions as a soldier in the ranks, 
although his privileges were such as would allow 
him to forego such hazardous trips. At the expira- 
tion of his term of enlistment, July 29, 1S63, Mr. 
Stearns entered into contract with the Ames Manu- 
facturing Company of Chicopee, where he was 
given special training, and rapid advancement en- 
sued. In one year's time, however, the work here 
had proved detrimental to his health, and it was 
(kkriiiined that a sea voyage and travel in salubrious 
I lim.itL^ should be tried. The sum of two hundred 
and fifty dollars was paid for a passage around Cape 
Horn on the clipper ship " Dreadnaught," which 
arrived in San Francisco five months after leaving 
New York. A year in California and the sea trip 
jjroved the wisdom of his advisers, and he returned 
to Chicopee, his health fully restored. A position 
was offered him with the Dwight Manufacturing 
Company, and accepted ; and in less than a year 
an olTer came from New York city, from the cutlery 
manufacturing firm of Clement, Hawkes, & May- 
nard. A year of service with this firm brought a 
flattering offer of a salesman's position from a hard- 
ware house in Albany. This association, however, 
proving unsatisfactory, he returned to New York 
city and became connected with the Lamson- 
Goodnow Manufacturing Company, cutlery manu- 
facturers, for whom he travelled until shorUy before 
it gave up its headquarters in New York. In 1872 
he was appointed measurer in the Boston Custom 
House by Collector Russell, expecting to hold the 
government office only temporarily; but as time 
wore on he held on, passing through several grades 
of duty acceptably to his superior officer. In 1886 
the appraiser of the port died, and Mr. Stearns was 
promoted to this responsible position by President 
Cleveland, being confirmed by the Senate ahead of 
other nominations made weeks previous. Such 
success attended his administration of this office 
that it drew the particular attention of Secretary of 
the Treasury Fairchild, to the end that the secretary 
came to Boston in December, 188S, to confer with 



4o6 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



him, the conference resulting in an order directing 
him to proceed to the port of New York and as- 
sume charge of the appraiser's office there, in 
which the adoption of radical measures was neces- 
sary. This movement was without precedent, but 
was provided for by statute in case of necessity. 
He was continued in the New York office nearly 
two months after the inauguration of President 
Harrison, when he was relieved, April 29, 1889, 
by the appointment of a retired merchant of New- 
York city to the place. Mr. Stearns returned to 
his old position at this port May i, 1889, which he 
retained until July 10, iSgi. 

Stearxs, William S., was born in Salem, Mass., 
Sept. 27, 1822. After fitting for college he entered 
Han'ard in 1837, graduating in 1841. He then 
entered the Harvard Law School, in 1S43, and 
three years later was admitted to the Essex bar. 
From 1870 to 1S73 he was city solicitor of 
Charlestown, and in the latter year practised in 
Boston, having as a partner the late John Q. A. 
Griffin. On the latter's death he formed his 



Boston schools. He was graduated from Harwird 
in 1871, receiving the degree of A.B., and then en- 







GEORGE STEDMAN. 

tering the Harvard Medical School, was graduated 
with the degree of M.D. in 1875. He was surgeon 
house-officer of the Massachusetts General Hos- 
pital in 1874-5, and in 1876 he was elected 
superintendent of the Massachusetts Charitable 
Eye and Ear Infirmary, which position he still 
holds. On April 13, 1880, he was appointed by 
(lovernor Long associate medical examiner for 
Suffolk county, and in 1887 reappointed by Gov- 
ernor Ames, each term being for a period of seven 
years. Dr. Stedman is a member of the Massa- 
chusetts Medical Society, the Boston Society for 
Medical Observation, the Massachusetts Medico- 
Legal Association, and the Boston Medical Library 
Association. 

Stkdman, Henry Rust, I^LD., was born in l!os- 
ton Sept. 19, 1849. He was educated at Boston 
grammar and Latin schools, and graduated at 
Harvard A.B. 1871, Harvard M.D. 1875. He 
served one year as house surgeon in the Massachu- 
setts General Hospital, and one and a half years 
as house physician to the Boston City Hospital. 
After three years' general practice in Boston he 
was appointed assistant physician to the Danvers 
Stedman, Georce, M.D., was born in Boston Lunatic Hospital, during which time he went abroad 
Jan. 27, 1850. He was educated mainly in the as assistant physician in foreign asylums (in Eng- 



^."1 



WILLIAM S. STEARNS. 

present partnership with Mr. John Haske 
The firm have a large general practice, 
among the foremost at the .Suffolk bar. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



407 



land and Scotland). He was also in charge of 
Danvers Lunatic Hospital for two years as acting 
superintendent. Leaving Danvers, he established a 
private hospital for mental and nervous diseases 
at Forest Hills, West Roxbury district, which 
establishment he still conducts. He is a member 
of the Massachusetts Medical Society, the Boston 
Society for Medical Improvement, the Boston 
Society for Medical Observation, the Boston Med- 
ico-Psychological Society, the American Neurologi- 
cal Association, and various others. Dr. Stedman 
has contributed many valuable papers to the medi- 
cal journals, relating to mental and nervous diseases, 
and has been especially interested in advocating 
the improved care of the pauper insane of the 
State. Dr. Stedman married Miss Mabel, daughter 
of the late Rev. John Weiss, the well-known divine 
and Shakespearian scholar, of this city. 

Stephenson, Harris M., architect, was born in 
Boston Jan. 18, 1845. He was educated in the 
public schools of this city. In 1859 he began the 
study of architecture in the office of S. C. Bugbee 
& Son. After a year and a half in Europe he was 
four years in the office of N. J. Bradlee. In 1870, 
in company with Daniel Appleton, he began the 
practice of his profession in Boston. They carried 
on the business together for eighteen years, dissolv- 
ing partnership in 1889. He is a designer of all 
kinds of work, but has made a specialty of domes- 
tic work. Evidences of his skill and genius may 
be found in a large number of stores in Boston and 
in many fine residences in Jamaica Plain, Newton, 
Brookline, Roxbury, Waltham, and the Back Bay 
district. He also designed the St. John's Church, 
Jamaica Plain, and the St. John's Church in Keo- 
kuk, Iowa; St. Mark's Church in Fall River, and 
others ; and houses in Kansas City, Mo., San Fran- 
cisco and Passadena, Cal., and Passaic and Orange, 
N.J. ; the interior fitting of business offices in New 
York and Boston, a large number of residences 
all along the shore, Turk's Head Inn at Rockport, 
and the Murdock Hospital at the South End. 
Mr. Stephenson was married in 1870, to Miss 
Harriet W. Currier, and resides in Jamaica Plain. 

Stevens, Charles Benjamin, register of deeds, 
Middlesex county, was born in Boston Nov. 7, 
18 1 8. His parents moving to Cambridge when he 
was at an early age, he was educated in the Cam- 
bridge public schools and at Wesleyan Academy, Wil- 
braham, Mass. He came to the office of registry of 
deeds as copyist, was afterwards appointed head 
clerk under Mr. Stone, and then, in 1865, register, 



which position he has held ever since. Previous to 
this he enlisted in the LTnion service, September, 

1862, for nine months, with the Forty-seventh Mas- 
sachusetts Regiment, Company A, from Cambridge, 
and was discharged as first lieutenant September, 

1863, at expiration of service. He is a member of 
John A. Logan Post, G.A.R., the Loyal Legion, the 
Masons, and Odd Fellows. He was formerly chief 
engineer of the Cambridge fire department, for a 
number of years. His son, Henry A. Stevens, is 
assistant register in the office with him. 

Stevens, Charles Wistar, M.D., son of Dr. 
Thomas J. and Abigail (Baker) Stevens, was born 
in Marlow, N.H., Aug. 3, 1836. He was prepared 
for college at the Wilbraham Academy, and entered 
Harvard in 1856, graduating in i860. He first en- 
tered commercial life in New York city, but in 1861 
abandoned that and went abroad, where he began 
the study of medicine. While there he taught 
school in London, in order to obtain m^ans for the 
continuation of his studies. Returning home, he 
took the course in the Harvard Medical School, 
from which he graduated in 1870. Then he began 
practice in Charlestovvn, where he has since re- 
mained. He was city physician of Charlestown in 
1872, and in 1892 is surgeon to the Wilson line 
and the Furness line of steamers. In i860 Dr. 
Stevens compiled the book of " American College 
Songs," the first collection of college songs ever 
published in the country, and this was followed by 
a number of other popular publications, among 
them " Up the Hudson," " Three Cities of Paris," 
" Education of Women from a German Stand- 
point," and " Curiosities of the Human Hair." Dr. 
Stevens is a member of the Massachusetts Medical 
Society and the .American .Academy of Medicine. 
On May 27, 1874, he was married in Paris, France, 
to Miss Melina Lallier ; they have one child, Char- 
lotte Melina Stevens. 

Stevens, Edgar Fremont, was born in Nashua, 
N.Y., .Aug. II, i860. He came to Boston when a 
boy, and graduated from the English High School. 
He studied dentistry with Dr. D. F. Whitten from 
1880 to 1883, and then entered Harvard Dental 
School, from which he received the degree of D.M.D. 
in 1887. On leaving college he began practice 
with Dr. Whitten, his former instructor, in South 
Boston, continuing with him for four years ; he is now 
practising alone at No. 424 Broadway. Dr. Stevens 
is a prominent member of the Massachusetts Dental 
Society, the Harvard Odontological Society, and the 
Harvard .Alumni Association. 



4o8 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Stevens, Edward Fletcher, architect, son of K. 
A. and Mary (Woodbury) Stevens, was born in 
Dunstable, Mass., Oct. 22, i860. He was educated 
in the Pepperell pubHc schools and at the Institute 
of Technology, graduating from the latter in 1883. 
He began his professional work as draughtsman for 
Allen & Kenway, and for two years he was with 
McKim, Mead, & White, as clerk of the works at 
the new Public Library. In July, 1890, he formed a 
partnership with Henry H. Kendall, under the firm 
name of Kendall & Stevens, and their work is shown 
in public buildings in Newton and Woburn, and in 
private residences in the suburbs of Boston. Mr. 
Stevens resides in Newton Centre. 

Stevens, G. H., son of M. M. Stevens and 
Hannah (Morrell) Stevens, was born in the town of 
Lyman, now Monroe, N.H., Feb. 24, 1846. His 
education was obtained in the public schools, and 
at the age of fifteen he came to Boston to get to 
work. He entered the employ of Henry A. Ball, 
boot and shoe merchant, on Pearl street, and here 
he remained twelve years. Seeking more scope 
for his mechanical tendencies, he found employ- 
ment with the firm of J. S. Holt & Co., dealers in 
leather-board and machinery. While here he 
formed the friendship of W. M. Sprague, dealer in 
leather boards, and ultimately became his partner. 
The business under their joint management proved 
a success, and their copartnership lasted for about 
si.K years. Meanwhile Mr. Stevens, being an in- 
ventive and mechanical genius, devoted much 
thought, time, and money to the production of 
leather-board shanks, and on closing his connection 
with Mr. Sprague he began business in 1886 with 
Mr. Gordon, under the firm name of Stevens & 
Gordon, as boot and shoe shank manufacturers. 
This business also proved prosperous. In 1888 he 
purchased Mr. Gordon's interest, and being now in 
a position to expand his ideas, he brought all his 
mechanical ability and inventive knowledge to his 
aid, and launched out on his own account, under the 
firm name of G. H. Stevens & Co. His factory on 
South street, where his leather-board and steel 
shanks are made, is in full running order under his 
personal management, and his ingenious devices are 
of his own creation. The patents of these in- 
ventions are his sole property, his machines are 
specially made for cutting shanks, which can be cut 
into any desired shape, and the shanks are sold to 
the manufacturers direct, the leather-board with 
steel shank attached being fitted ready for use. 
Mr. Stevens is a member of the Blue Lodge Chapter 
and Commanderv. He has been twice married. 



His first wife was Miss Ella L. Bartlett, who died 
in 1880: and his present wife, to whom he was 
married in 1884, was Mrs. Mary E. Oakes. 

Stevens, Stephen G., was born in Brooks, Me., 
Dec. 4, 1844. When he was five years of age his 
family moved to Kennebec county, and lived first in 
the town of Vassalborough and then in Farmingdale. 
He received his education in the public schools of 
these towns and at the Hallowell Academy. At the 
age of twenty he enlisted in the army and served as 
a private in Company D, First Frontier Cavalry, until 
the close of the war. Then he began the study of 
dentistry, entering the Boston Dental College and 
graduating in the class of 1877. In April, 1872, he 
began practice in Lynn. Fourteen years after he 
removed to Boston, to his present location in the 
Evans House building. He is a member of the 
board of trustees of the Boston Dental College, 
past president of the Alumni Association, past 
president of the Massachusetts Dental Society, vice- 
president of the New England Dental Society, a 
member of the American Academy of Dental 
Science, of the Connecticut Valley Dental Society, 
and of the Boston Society for Dental Improvement. 
In 1890 he was a delegate to the International 
Medical Congress held in Berlin. 

Stevenson, John Lindsay, son of Joseph and 
Judith (True) Stevenson, was born in Fremont, 
N.H., Dec. 27, 1833. His youth was spent on, a 
farm in his native town, and his school opportuni- 
ties were such as country towns then afforded, .-^t 
fourteen he left his home and went to South 
Hampton, N.H., where he served an apprentice- 
ship in carriage-building. In 1S52 he removed 
to Lawrence, and was employed in the construction 
of locomotive engines. While thus engaged an 
accident happened to him, Oct. 2, 1852, which, 
resulting in permanent injury to one of his limbs, 
completely changed his plans of life and caused 
him to relinquish his mechanical pursuits. After a 
severe illness and a long confinement, he came to 
Boston, and, entering a commercial college, fitted 
himself for an accountant. Subsequently, and for 
nearly ten years, he was employed as book-keeper. 
•At the expiration of this time, on Jan. i, 1862, he 
established himself in business in Faneuil Hall 
square, under the name of John L. Stevenson & Co., 
importers and dealers in wine, spirits, and liquors; 
and here he has continued until the present time. 
Mr. Stevenson is a prominent Mason, his career in 
the fraternity beginning in 1856. He has passed 
through the chairs in various Masonic bodies. He 



i 





» '^■■^^^^BwsJK' 




BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



409 



was created a sovereign grand inspector-general for 
the thirty-third and last degree, and an honorary 
member of the Supreme Council, Northern Masonic 
Jurisdiction, Sept. 18, 1878. He is an honorary 
member of Mt. Lebanon Lodge, Boston ; Amicable 
Lodge, Cambridge ; St. John's Lodge, Concepcion, 
Chili ; Boston Commandery, Boston ; St. John's 
Comxnandery, Philadelphia ; Ascalon Commandery, 
St. Louis ; Boston Lodge of Perfection, Boston ; 
Mt. Calvary Chapter of Rose Croix, Lowell ; and of 
the consistories of Vermont and Massachusetts. 
He conceived and carried through the memorable 
pilgrimage of Boston Commandery to San Francisco 
in 1883. He was a member of the old Athenian 
Club, its president in 188 1-2 ; was president of 
the Boston Club in 1882-3; is a member of the 
New England and New Hampshire Clubs, and one 
of the board of directors; and treasurer of the 
Massachusetts Society of Sons of the American 
Revolution. He is also a member of the Ancient 
and Honorable Artillery Company, and was its 
commander in 1877-8. He is president of the 
Cedar Grove Cemetery corporation. In September, 
1853, Mr. Stevenson was married to Miss Ellen 
Bridge Hawkins, of Dover, N.H. His maternal 
grandfather was Capt. Benjamin True, a soldier in 
the Revolutionary War; his lather served in the 
war of 1812-14; his brother, William Stevenson, 
served during the Civil War in the 2d New 
Hampshire regiment ; other members of the family 
served in various New England organizations, and 
only for the disability incurred in 1852, he also 
would have been early in the contest. He has four 
children living : two sons and two daughters. His 
eldest son was four years at West Point Military 
Academy, and subsequently served on the staff of 
Governor Butler, of Massachusetts. 

Stewart, George Andrew, was born in Boston 
Sept. 26, 1862. He was fitted for college in the 
Boston Latin School, and entering Harvard, gradu- 
ated in 1884. In college he took the highest final 
honors in classics, and the highest second year 
honors in mathematics. He has sailed yachts all 
his life, and immediately after leaving college he 
began to study yacht designing. He was associated 
with Edward Burgess from 1887 to the time of the 
latter's death, and then succeeded to his business, 
forming a copartnership under the firm name of 
Stewart & Binney. From 1886 to 1891 Mr. Stewart 
was yachting editor of the " Boston Globe." 

Stone, Amos, third son of Phineas, — a lineal de- 
scendant of Rev. Samuel Stone, who came to this 



country from England, A.D. 1633, and Hannah 
(Jones) Stone, — was born in Weare, N.H., Aug. 16, 
1816. There he lived with his parents until 1824, 
when they removed to Charlestown, Mass. He was 
educated in the Charlestown Free School. At the 
age of fifteen he went to work in his father's grocery 
store, where he remained until he was twenty-one 
years of age. He then engaged in the real-estate 
business, in which he has continued more or less 
down to the present time, and has become one of 
the largest real-estate holders in Middlesex County. 
Mr. Stone was elected the first city treasurer and 
collector of taxes of Charlestown (which was incor- 
porated a city in 1847), which office he held eight 
years, until the close of 1854. The first two years 
the office was a trying one : he followed an easy- 
dispositioned town treasurer and collector, who took 
no pains to enforce the prompt payment of the 
taxes assessed. Being a systematic and ])rompt 
business man, he proceeded in an energetic manner 
to collect the back taxes committed to him, and 
all others when they were due ; many solid business 
men, who had been benefited by the former collec- 
tor's indulgence, protested, but, finding Mr. Stone 
in earnest, paid. One large railroad corporation 
repeatedly refused to pay its taxes ; one afternoon, 
as an important train was about to leave the station, 
he attached the engine just before it was coupled to 
the train ; the result was that a check for the amount 
due, with the costs, was handed to him ; then the 
train was allowed to depart. After a few such in- 
stances taxes were paid with reasonable promptness. 
In the fall of 1855 Mr. Stone was elected treasurer 
of the county of Middlesex, and this position he 
held for thirty years, until Jan. i, 1886, when he 
clined a reelection. At the county convention 
which nominated his successor, resolutions of appre- 
ciation of his character and services were passed. 
" His long term of service," it was resolved, " is the 
best evidence that he has performed those duties to 
the satisfaction of the people, regardless of party, 
and that he has their confidence and esteem. We 
congratulate him upon his long and honorable career 
in so prominent and responsible a position in which 
he has always shown himself a courteous gentle- 
man, an able financier, and a clear-headed business 
man." In 1854 the Charlestown Savings Bank was 
incorporated, with his brother Phineas Stone as 
president, and himself as trustee and treasurer. 
Upon the death of his brother, in 1891, he suc- 
ceeded to the presidency. It has proved one of the 
most prosperous and successful banks in the Com- 
monwealth. For more than ten years he, as treas- 
urer, with the assistance of the president, performed 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



all the labor of the bank without any compensation 
to either. In 1861, when the Mutual Protection 
Fire Insurance Company was incorporated and or- 
ganized, he was chosen one of its directors, and 
soon succeeded to the presidency, which position he 
now holds. In 1863 he was elected director of the 
Monument Bank, and on the death of Hon. James 
O. Curtis was elected its president. He was one 
of the original shareholders of the Mystic River 
Company, a large landed corporation, and for more 
than twenty years was its clerk and treasurer. In 
the several positions held by him as treasurer, he 
has administered the duties with signal ability, allow- 
ing no waste of the public funds, and no moneys to 
be paid out except duly approved by the proper 
boards- or officers, and in strict conformity to law. 
His attention to business, great executive ability, and 
physical endurance, enabled him to work sixteen 
hours a day, and to perform all the duties in the 
several offices that he has held at the same time ; 
and during the thirty years as treasurer of the 
county, he never employed a clerk or assistant. 
With all his cares and close application to business, 
he has been ever ready to hear and give judicious 
advice, and to aid the poor and unfortunate to over- 
come their difficulties and troubles. He was gen- 
erous, and gave freely to relieve the wants of the 
distressed poor, dispensing his charities mainly in 
person. In politics he was formerly a Democrat, 
voting for Franklin Pierce ; then he became a Re- 
publican and voted for John C. Fremont, and he 
has continued in that party ever since. When the 
Civil War broke out he was one of the first to come 
to the support of the government. Before provision 
for the soldiers enlisted had been made, he was one 
of the twenty-one persons who paid the expense of 
fitting out the first three companies from Charles- 
town to go to Washington to defend the capital. 
Exempt from draft by reason of age, he sent the first 
representative recruit from Charlestown at his own 
expense, also sent a colored recruit, and contrib- 
uted hundreds of dollars during the war for military 
purposes. Early in life he joined the Free Masons, 
and is now prominent in the order ; he is treasurer 
of two masonic organizations. Mr. Stone remained a 
single man until after he was fifty years of age. Then 
he was married to Miss Sarah E. Mills. They live 
in the town of Everett, to which they moved from 
Charlestown in 1872. Until late years Mr. Stone 
has not taken an active part in town affairs, though 
a liberal contributor to all matters of public interest. 
In 1888 he was made a member of a committee 
appointed to consider the question of sewerage, and 
was chosen its chairman. In March, 1889, this com- 



mittee presented an able report, drafted by Mr. 
Stone ; and a commission of five, of which he was 
chairman, was established to carry out its recom- 
mendations. Mr. Stone was elected one of the road 
commissioners of the town of Everett for three 
years, the first and only office he has ever held. 

S'JONE, Arthur Kingsburg, was born in Boston 
Dec. 13, 1 86 1. He was educated in Framingham 
and at Harvard College, graduating A.B. in 18S3. 
He received the degrees of A.M. and M.D. in 188S. 
After serving a year and a half in the Massachusetts 
General Hospital he went abroad, and there further 
studied his profession in Vienna, Berlin, and Stras- 
burg. Returning to Boston in 1889, he at omc 
began private practice, and has since continued hcTL'. 
He is also surgeon to the Boston Dispensary. 
He has contributed several noteworthy articles to 
medical papers. He is a member of the Massa- 
chusetts Medical Society. Dr. Stone is not 
married. 

Stone, James S., son of Albert and Sally B. (Kim- 
ball) Stone, was born in Grafton, Mass., July 4, 1816. 
He was educated in the common schools and in 
Phillips (Andover) Academy. He began business 
life in the boot and shoe trade in Albon, 111., when 
twenty-one years of age. In 1845 he returned East, 
and in Boston entered business on his own account. 
Subsequently he became a partner in the house of 
Fay, Jones, & Stone, and Fay & Stone. In 1S75 
he retired from active business, and has since been 
interested in real estate and building. He was 
married on June 13, 1838, to Miss Mary I. Phinney, 
of Falmouth, Mass.; they have three children: 
Albert, born in Albon, 111., May 20, 1843, married 
Anna H. Putnam ; Ellen Augusta, born in Boston, 
Aug. 9, 1846, died Sept. 26, 1850; Edwin Palmer 
Stone, born in Medford, Mass., Sept. 3, 1853, mar- 
ried Clara O. Leland. 

Stunk, Jonathan, seventh son of Phineas and 
Hannah (Jones) Stone, was born in Weare, N.H., 
April 29, 1823. He was for many years engaged 
in the granary and provision business in Charles- 
town ; and built, owned, and let houses and stores. 
He was a member of the common council in 1872, 
and was elected mayor of Charlestown in 1873, — 
the last mayor of the city, as it was annexed to 
Boston on Jan. i, 1874. He was twice married. 
His first wife was Sarah Rebecca Andrews, daughter 
of Abraham and Caroline D. Andrews, and a native 
of New Hampshire; and his second was Mary I,. 
Andrews, sister of his first wife. He has had three 





<a^. 





T/^//A^arc c^/^ 



T 0/^c 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



411 



children : one daughter, Sarah Lizzie, and one son, 
John Henry, by his first wife, and one daughter, 
( arrie Louisa, by his second wife. He built a fine 
residence in Revere, Mass., on land formerly 
owned by Dr. Tuckerman, on the high ground west 
I from the corner of Broadway and .\laddin streets, 
to which he moved in June, 1876. 

Stone, Phineas, son of Silas Stone, was born in 
that part of Har\-ard, Mass., now known as Box- 
boro'. About the year 1803 he moved to Weare, 
N.H., and establishing himself at Oil Mill Village, 
built an oil mill, manufactured linseed oil, and also 
kept a country store. In 1808 he was married to 
Hannah Jones, a native of Londonderry, N.H., 
born April 27, 1783. She kept a school at Weare 
(Oil Mill Village) for several years. They had a 
family of eight children, one daughter and seven 
sons, all of whom were born at Weare, N.H., 
namely : Sarah Stone, Phineas J., Silas, Josiah, 
Amos, Jasper, Joseph, and Jonathan. All lived to 
mature age except Josiah, who died when an infant. 
Li 1824 Phineas Stone removed with his family to 
Charlestown, Mass. There he kept a grocery store. 
He died in Charlestown, Jan. 9, 1852, aged seventy- 
six years, and was buried in the tomb which he had 
built the year before in Boxboro', his native town. 
His widow sur\ived him fifteen years. She died in 
Charlestown, Dec. 17, 1867, aged eighty-four years 
seven months and twenty days, and was also buried 
in the tomb at Boxboro'. He was captain of a 
company of New Hampshire detached militia of the 
First Regiment, under Lieut.-Col. N. Fisk, in the 
War of 1 81 2. He went from Weare on or about 
Sept. 12, 1814, did actual service at Portsmouth, 
N.H., and was honorably discharged. He was 
drafted at Goffstown for three months, continued as 
captain for some time, and was subsequently chosen 
colonel of the regiment. The daughter, Sarah, 
married Seth W. Lewis, of Claremont, N.H. She 
died in Charlestown, April 27, 1872, aged sixty- 
three years. Her husband, Seth W. Lewis, died 
July I, 1872, aged sixty-six years. 

Stone, Phineas Jones, eldest son of Col. Phin- 
eas and Hannah (Jones) Stone, was born in Weare, 
N.H., May 23, 18 10. There he lived until No- 
vember, 1824, when he removed with the family to 
Charlestown, Mass. He began business in the 
West Lidia goods trade in 1834, and by untiring 
industry and perser\'erance laid the foundation of 
his success in after life. He retired from this 
occupation in 1851. He was selectman of Charles- 
town in 1839 and 1840; member of the lower 



house of the Legislature in 1840, 1856, 1862, and 
1863; and inspector of the Massachusetts State 
Prison three years, from 1856 to 1859. It was 
during this time that Deputy Warden Walker and 
Warden Tenny were murdered, and Mr. Stone 
had charge of the prison for six weeks, pending 
the appointment of new officials by the governor. 
In this position he displayed great executive ability, 
and gave courage to the officers under him by 
keeping in order the prisoners, excited and almost 
demoralized as they were by this double act of 
blood. " Will there be services in the chapel this 
morning?" he was anxiously asked after the mur- 
der of Warden Tenny. " Most certainly," he re- 
plied, and pro\ idini;- arms and ammunition for each 
officer, gave orders for their immediate use in case 
of any indications of a revolt. He was mayor of 
Charlestown in 1862, 1863, 1864; and was instru- 
mental in raising and forming several companies 
for the defence of the country during the Civil 
War, who did active service in the army of the 
North. During his administration was completed 
the introduction of water from Mystic pond, 
yielding an ample supply for the inhabitants not 
only of Charlestown, but of several surrounding 
towns. He was L'nited States assessor, sixth 
Massachusetts district, from 1867 to 1873, when 
the office was abolished by act of Congress. He 
was one of the original movers for the act of in- 
corporation authorizing the improvement of about 
one hundred acres of flats lying between the north 
and south channels of the Mystic River, upon which 
to-day there is a taxable property of more than 
Si, 000,000, and which eventually will increase to 
many millions, as it is the terminus of the North- 
ern railroads to the deep water of Boston harbor. 
At the organization of the Charlestown Five-Cent 
Savings Bank, in 1854, he was elected its presi- 
dent, a position he held until his death, on Aug. 
12, 1891. He was also a director of the Charles- 
town Gas Company, and the Mutual Protection 
Fire Insurance Company. He was a man of 
commanding presence, loyal to his country in the 
hour of its peril, of sterling integrity of character, 
upright and honorable in all his dealings, sympa- 
thetic with distress, his hand open to relieve 
suffering without ostentation or publicity. His 
wife was Ann Mariah (Lindsey), a native of 
Charlestown, Mass., who died in 185 1 ; they had 
four sons : Phineas J., jr., who served as paymaster 
in the Federal army during the Civil War, and 
died in 1889 ; Joseph, who was formerly agent of 
the Manchester (N.H.) Mills, and of the Pacific 
Mills of Lawrence, Mass., and who now resides in 



412 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY 



the Roxbury district : the two other sons died in 
infancy. 

Stoker, David Humphreys, son of Hon. Wood- 
bury and Margaret (Boyd) Storer, was born in 
Portland, Me., March 26, 1804; died in Boston, 
September, 1891. He was graduated from Bowdoin 
in 1822, and from the Harv^ard Medical School in 
1825 ; and he received the degree of LL.D. from 
Bowdoin in 1876. After leaving college he settled 
in Boston and practised here until his retirement not 
long before his death. He was president of the 
American Medical Association in 1866 ; professor of 
obstetrics and medical jurisprudence in the Har- 
vard Medical School from 1839 to 1858 ; a member 
of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the 
American Philosophical Society, the Massachusetts 
Medical Society, the Boston Society for Medical 
Improvement, and the Boston Society of Natural 
History ; and an honorary and corresponding mem- 
ber of a large number of other scientific and medi- 
cal societies. In addition to his medical work 
Dr. Storer was for many years greatly interested in 
scientific research, and especially in the department 
of ichthyology. He published a " Report on the 
Fishes and Reptiles of Massachusetts" in 1839, and 
in 1867 a descriptive work entitled "The Fishes of 
Massachusetts ; " also a " Synopsis of the Fishes 
of North America." Dr. Storer was married, 
April 20, 1829, to Miss Abby Jane Brewer, daughter 
of Thomas Brewer, of Boston ; their children were : 
Horatio Robinson (now of Newport, R.I.), Francis 
Humphreys (professor of agricultural chemistry at 
Bussey Institute, West Roxbury district), Abby Ma- 
tilda, Mary Goddard, and Robert Woodbury Storer. 

SroRKK, Malcolm, son of Horatio R. Storer, of 
Newport, R.I., and grandson of David Humphreys 
Storer, of Boston, was bom in Milton, Mass., in 
1862. His early education was obtained in Eng- 
land and at Newport, R.I. He graduated from 
Harvard, A.B., in 1885, and from the Harvard 
Medical School in 1889. After spending a year in 
study in Europe he returned to Boston in 1891, 
where he is now practising his profession, estab- 
lished in his grandfather's old home. He is un- 
married. 

Stowki.l, John, son of John J., nati\e of 
Worcester, and Mary (Davidson) Stoweli, nati\e of 
Charlestown, was born in Boston in 1822. His 
father was a watchmaker by calling, and lived most 
of his life in Charlestown, where he died in 1864. 
His mother died in 1S77. Thev had five children, 



three of whom are living. John Stoweli was reared 
in Charlestown. He attended the grammar school, 
and at the age of thirteen became apprenticed to 
the firm of Samuel Kidder & Co., druggists and 
manufacturers. The firm was at that time the only 
manufacturing chemists in this locality. In 1858, 
with a son of the junior partner, Daniel White, he 
purchased the business of Samuel Kidder & Co. 
Mr. White died in 1864, since which time Mr. 
Stoweli has continued the business. It is now con- 
fined to manufacturing and wholesaling, the retail 
business having been given up in 1876. Mr. Stow- 
eli is vice-president of the Warren Savings Institu- 
tion, having held the office since 1861, and also a 
member of the board of investment. He is a mem- 
ber of the Bunker Hill Monument Association, and 
of the Society for the Advancement of Science. In 
religion he is Universalist. 

Strout, Almon a., son of Elisha and Mary 
(Hagan) Strout, both natives of Maine, was born in 
Limington, that State, May 8, 1835. On the ma- 
ternal side he is a descendant of the O' Hagan 
family, formerly of the north of Ireland, which has 
been prominent for two centuries in connection 
with the profession of the law, and of which the late 
Chancellor O'Hagan was a member. Mr. Strout 




ALMON A STROUT. 



was edu( ated in the public schools 
Hridgton and Fryeburg academies. 



uid in the North 
Bowdoin con- 



f «*^p ll&^ 




(y%.4yi-iX/n.^^iyh 




^. (f[^/'/y'^ c c^) 



I 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



413 



ferred upon him the degree of A.M. in later years. 
He began the study of law at the age of nineteen 
with Hon. Joel Eastman, of Conway, N.H., finish- 
ing in the oiifice of Howard & Strout in Portland, 
Me. He was admitted to the bar in 1857, and 
began practice at Harrison, Me., moving to Port- 
land in 1864. In 1866 he formed a partnership 
with Gen. George F. Shepley, which continued until 
the latter was made United States circuit judge 
some four years later. He then formed a partner- 
ship with George F. Holmes, and continued the 
practice of his profession in Portland; in 1882 he 
became general counsel for the Grand Trunk Rail- 
way, for the New England States, which position he 
now fills. In 1 884 he became counsel for the Bos- 
ton & Lowell Railroad, continuing as such until this 
road was absorbed by the Boston & Maine. In 
January, 1889, he opened an office in Boston, where 
he is now associated with William H. Coolidge in 
general practice, still retaining his office in Port- 
land. The firm is one of the counsel of the New 
England Telegraph Company, and in a certain class 
of cases of the New York & New England. Mr. 
Strout comes of a Democratic famih', but he has 
been a Republican since 1862. He was a member 
of the " count out " Legislature of Maine in 1 880-1. 
He is a Knight Templar and a Mason. 

Sturgis, R. Clipstijn, architect, was born in Bos- 
ton Dec. 24, i860. He received his early educa- 
tion at St. Paul's School, Concord, N.H., and at 
Mr. Noble's school, Boston, and after graduating 
from Harvard, in the class of 1881, immediately 
went abroad to study architecture, remaining in 
Elngland and on the Continent nearly four years. 
On returning to this country he entered the office 
of John H. Sturgis, who had been practising in Bos- 
ton for a quarter of a century, and was well known 
as a leading architect of the highest reputation. On 
the death of J. H. Sturgis, in 1888, he succeeded to 
the long-established practice, and in partnership 
with W. R. Cabot has continued to the present 
time. Mr. Sturgis is the architect of the club-house 
of the Boston Athletic Association, which cost, com- 
plete, upwards of three hundred thousand dollars. 
He also designed the residence of Mrs. Charles 
Blake on Beacon street, the dwelling of Eugene V. 
R. Thayer on Commonwealth avenue, which is re- 
markable for its beautiful and artistic interior ; Col- 
onel Peabody's house on Commonwealth avenue, 
the Church of the Advent on Brimmer street, the 
Mission Church of St. Augustine, the Central school- 
house at Milton, and the Willard school-house in 
Quincy. Elaborate interior detail and artistic ex- 



teriors are Mr. Sturgis' specialties. He was mar- 
ried in 1882 to Miss Esther Mary Ogden, of Troy, 
N.Y., and resides in Boston. 

Sullivan, Eugene S., superintendent of the Mys- 
tic \Vater Works of the city of Boston, was born 
in Boston July 4, 1857, and was educated in the 
public schools. At the age of eighteen he was 
apprenticed to the business of plumbing and sani- 
tary engineering. In 1882, after a competitive ex- 
amination, he was appointed master mechanic at 
the Boston Navy Yard. This position he resigned 
in 1885 to take the management of a plumbing es- 
tablishment in Minneapolis, Minn. A year later he 
returned East to take a similar position in Lowell, 
which required his services throughout New En- 
gland. In the spring of 1889 he was appointed 
superintendent of the Mystic Water Works. Mr. 
Sullivan is an active member of the New England 
Water Works Association, and of several social and 
benevolent organizations. He has a wife and seven 
children. 

Sullivan, John Henry, son of Michael and Mary 
(Kelly) Sullivan, was born in Bere Haven, County 




JOHN H. SULLIVAN. 

Cork, Ireland, April 27, 1848. He received his 
early education in the national schools there, and, 
coming to this country when a young man, pursued 
a course at Comer's Commercial College here in 



4H 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



Boston. After mastering the science of navigation, 
while for a time following the sea, he became en- 
gaged in the survey of cargoes brought to this port 
by East India merchants. Subsequently he was 
made inspector of East India merchandise. After 
four years of this work, he became chief clerk and 
superintendent of the National Line of steamers, 
and upon the withdrawal of that line he was en- 
gaged in the same capacity by the Dominion Line, 
which succeeded it. He was also superintendent 
of the docks of the Warren and Leyland lines. 
Resigning after si.\ years of service, he became 
master-stevedore of the Warren Line, which posi- 
tion he still holds. He was a member of the com- 
mon council in 1884 and 1885, of the board of 
aldermen in 1886 and 1887, and of the State 
Senate, representing the Fourth Suffolk District, in 
1888. He is a member of the Sachem and Put- 
nam clubs of East Boston, the Knights of St. Rose, 
the Montgomery Guards Veteran Association, the 
Knights of St. Patrick, the Charitable Irish Society, 
and the Royal Society of Good Fellows and 
Foresters. He was married, Sept. 11, 1870, in 
Providence, R.I., to Miss Katie F. Sullivan : 
they have six children : George H., John F., Mary 
Louisa, Annie, Arthur, and Margaret Frances Sul- 



University School of Medicine was graduated 
therefrom in 1879. Then he was abroad for sev- 
eral months ; and on returning established himself 
in Concord, Mass. After two years there he came 
to Boston, where he has since remained. He is a 
member of the medical staff of the Massachusetts 
Homoeopathic Hospital. He is also connected 
with Boston University Medical School : was lect- 
urer of anatomy during 1888, and is now pro- 
fessor. In 1S82 and 1883 he was member of the 
editing board, and since that time has been editor 
of the " New England Medical Gazette." He is a 
member of Massachusetts Homoeopathic Medical 
Society, the Boston Homoeopathic Medical Society, 
and the American Institute of Homoeopathy. He 
has written extensively as editor of the " New Eng- 
land Gazette," and has also contributed to various 
other papers. Dr. Sutherland was married March 
10, 1879, to Miss Evelyn, daughter of James Baker, 
of Boston. 

Swallow, George N., son of Amaziah N. and 
Rebecca P. (Proctor) Swallow, was born in Charles- 
town Jan. 2, 1854. He was educated in the 
grammar and high schools there. He began work 
as a clerk in the grocery business at No. 12 City 
square, Charlestown district, and is now of the firm 



SuTER, Hales W., son of John and Sarah W. (Wal- 
lace) Suter, was born in Boston Dec. 30, 1828. 
The father, in early life, was engaged in the fur 
trade on the north-west coast (Alaska), and later 
was a successful merchant in the East India busi- 
ness in this city. Hales W. prepared for college 
in the Latin School, and graduated from Harvard 
College in the class of 1850. He studied law first 
with Hubbard & Watts, then at the Harvard Law 
School, and subsequently with John J. and M. S. 
Clarke. He was admitted to the Suffolk bar in 1852, 
and has since practised his profession alone, except 
during the period between 1868 and 1876, when he 
was in partnership with C. T. & T. H. Russell. He 
has been president of the Massachusetts Title Insur- 
ance Company for two years, and of the Mercantile 
Loan and Trust Company since its organization. 
Mr. Suter is Republican in politics, and was in the 
common council in 1858. 

SuiHERUAND, John Preston', M.D., son of John 
.Sutherland, of Boston, was born in Charlestown, 
under the shadow of Bunker Hill Monument, Feb. 
9, 1854. He was educated in Boston schools. 
After several years spent in business here he de- 
cided to study medicine, and entering the Boston 




I 




of A. N. Swallow & Co., 

is prominent in local and State politii 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



415 



sened three terms in the lower house of the Legis- 
lature, in 18S9, iSgo, and 1891. He was also a 
member of the Republican State committee in 
1890 and 1891. He was, married April 26, 1888, 
to Miss Florence B. Eastman. They have no 
children. 

Swan, Robert T., son of Samuel and Elizabeth 
B. (Gushing) Swan, was born in Dorchester May 
6, 1843. His father has been for many years 
master of the Mayhew and Phillips schools, in Bos- 
ton. His education was obtained in the public 
schools and in a private school in Eagleswood, N.J. 
After leaving school he entered mercantile life in 
Boston, and was employed with the firm of Denny, 
Rice, & Co., from 1859 to 1868. Then, on account 
of ill health, he was obliged to spend a year abroad. 
Returning home he went into the lumber business, 
where he remained a few years. _ He was clerk of 
the municipal court in the Dorchester district until 
the office was abolished, and a representative in the 
lower house of the Legislature from Ward 24, one 
term. Then, in 1880, he was made chief special 
agent of the United States Census, in charge of man- 
ufacturing statistics of Boston, and in 1885 chief of 
the divisions of enumeration and agriculture for the 
State Census. In 1888 he was appointed secretary 
of the commission on public records of parishes, 
towns, and counties, and in July, 1889, commis- 
sioner to succeed Hon. Carroll D. Wright, re- 
signed. Mr. Swan is a member of the L-nion 
Lodge Masons (formerly secretary), and of St. 
Stevens Royal Arch Chapter of Quincy (ex-sec- 
retary). 

Swan, Walter E., chief clerk of the Boston 
water board, son of William Henry Swan (who was 
a school teacher in one of the Boston schools for 
nearly twenty years), was born in Charlestown, 
Sept. 7, 1844. When he was four years of age his 
parents moved to Dorchester, and he was educated 
in the public schools there, graduating from the 
Dorchester High School in 1861. After leaving 
school he first worked for Charles V. Poor & Co., 
wholesale druggists, on India street, Boston, where 
he remained but a short time, when he secured 
a position with Stone & Downer, Custom House 
brokers, on State street. With this firm he was 
employed until he enlisted as a recruit in the 
Thirteenth Massachusetts Regiment. At the second 
battle of Bull Run he was wounded in the right 
hand and was discharged for disability. After his 
return from the war he spent two years in Philadel- 
phia in clerical positions, and then came back to 



Dorchester and was employed for upwards of eight 
years with the firm of A. Sternfeld & Bros., im- 
porters, on High street, Boston. In 1874 he left 
the employ of this firm to accept the position of 
clerk of the Cochituate water board to which he was 
elected on July 9 of that year ; this he filled until 
the Boston water board was established, in 1876, 
when he was elected clerk of that board ; which 
position he has since held. He is a member of 
Benjamin Stone, jr.. Post 68, G.A.R., of Dorchester, 
and served as commander during the year 1889. 
Mr. Swan was married April 29, 1869, to Miss 
Harriet W., daughter of William C. Pike, of Boston, 
and has two sons. He now resides in the Dor- 
chester district. 

SwASEY, George R., son of Horatio J. and 
Harriet M. (Higgins) Swasey, was born in Standish, 
Me., Tan. 8, 1854. He attended Gorham Academy 
and Westbrook Seminary, and entered Bowdoin 
College in 1872, graduating in 1875. Two years 
later he entered the Boston University Law School, 
graduating therefrom in 1878. He was then elected 
a tutor in that school, and filled the position until 
1883, when he resigned. In 1884 he was appointed 
lecturer in the Boston LTniversity Law School, and 
still holds that position. In 1886 and 1887 he was 
a member of the Boston school board. He is a 
member of the Curtis, the Young Men's Democratic, 
the Athletic, and the Pine Tree Clubs, and the Boston 
Lodge of Elks. 

Swift, Henrv W., son of William C. N. and 
Eliza N. (Perry) Swift, both natives of New Bed- 
ford, Mass., was born in that city Dec. 17, 1849. 
His father was a retired merchant. The Swifts 
came from Barnstable and the Perrys from Bristol 
county. He was prepared for college at Phillips 
(Exeter) Academy, and graduated from Harvard 
187 1. He read law in New Bedford with Marston 
& Crapo for one year, and then spent two years at 
the Harvard Law School, graduating in 1874. He 
was admitted to the Suffolk bar the same year and 
began practice soon after. He has continued suc- 
cessfully in general practice, largely corporation 
business, with Russell Gray, now at No. 50 State 
street. He is attorney in Boston for the Atchison, 
Topeka, & Santa Fe Railroad. In politics he is 
Democratic. He was a member of the lower house 
of the Legislature in 1882, serving on the committee 
on finance. In 1879 and 1880 he represented the 
Republican Ward 9 in the common council, as a 
Democrat. In January, 1892, he was appointed by 
Governor Russell a member of the board of harbor 



4i6 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



and land commissioners. He is a member of the 
Somerset and Union Clubs, of the Young Men's 




L I,.^^^ 




Democratic Club of Massachusetts, and of the 
Democrat State committee, being chairman of the 
finance committee of the latter. 

Swift, John L., was born in Falmouth May 28, 
1828. In the spring of 1845 he came to Boston, 
where he has since resided. Early in life he became 
engaged in mercantile business, and was an active 
member of the Mercantile Library Association, from 
1848 to 1852. He studied law at the Harvard Law 
School, was elected to the lower house of the Legis- 
lature in 1855, and was an active supporter of 
Henry Wilson for the United States Senate. He 
was again elected to the Legislature in 1857, and 
voted for Charles Sumner for his second term as 
United States senator. In 1858 he was appointed 
pilot commissioner by (iovernor Banks, and re- 
signed the office while acting as lieutenant of the 
" Boston Tigers," a battalion occupying Fort 
Warren, under orders of Governor Andrew, at 
the opening of the Civil War. He was appointed 
United States storekeeper at the Custom House, 
June, 1 86 1, resigning in August, 1862, and enlisting 
as a private in the Thirty-fifth Regiment, Massa- 
chusetts Volunteers. He was promoted to sergeant, 
and while the regiment was embarking on a train 
for Antietam, was detached as lieutenant to recruit 



a company in Roxbury. As captain of Company 
C, Forty-first Regiment, he joined General Banks' 
expedition to the Gulf department, and was ap- 
pointed provost judge of Baton Rouge. He was 
captain and judge advocate on the staff of General 
Grover until 1864, and was one of the volunteers 
of the " Forlorn Hope " for assault on Port Hudson, 
(jeneral Swift was honorably discharged from the 
army, to be appointed adjutant-general of the State 
of Louisiana, which position he held until some 
time in 1865, when he resigned. Sept. 11, 1866, 
he was appointed, by President Johnson, naval officer 
of customs for the port of Boston, which office he 
held until March, 1867, when Gen. Francis A. 
Osborn succeeded him. Then in April, that year, 
Hon. Thomas Russell, collector of the port, ap- 
]jointed him deputy collector. In this office he 
remained until 1869, when he resigned to engage in 
business in New York city. In July, 1874, he was 
again appointed deputy by Collector William A. 
Simmons, which office he filled, serving four years 
under Collector Beard and under Collector Worth- 
ington, until Nov. 30, 1886, when Hon. Leverett 
Saltonstall was commissioned collector of the port 
by President Cleveland. General Swift was editor 
of the "State," a weekly newspaper, from 1885 
to 1887, and was on the editorial staff of the 
" Pioston Evening Traveller" from 1887 to March, 
1890. He has taken an active part upon the 
platform in every presidential election since 
1S52. In March, 1890, he was for the third time 
appointed deputy collector, by Collector A. W. 
Beard, and is now serving in that capacity. He is 
a member of the Congregational, Massachusetts, and 
Roxbury Clubs, the Loyal Legion, Harvard Law 
School Association, and Post 68, G.A.K. 



TAFT, (Charles H., M.D., was born in Boston 
in 1857. When he was a child his parents re- 
moved to Somerville, where he received a thorough 
training in the public schools of that city. In 
1877 he graduated from the classical department 
of the Cambridge High School; entering Harvard 
College, he graduated therefrom in the class of 
1 88 1. Among his college classmates were Rev. 
George A. Gordon, Edward Reynolds, M.D., Rev. 
William L. Worcester, Moses King, Rev. Roderick 
Stebbins, and others of note. After graduating from 
college Dr. Taft engaged in a number of mer- 
cantile pursuits, both in New York and Boston, and 
then in 1884 entered the Harvard Dental School, 
receiving his degree of D.M.D. in June, 1S86. He 
has been engaged since that time in active prac- 



:^f^: 




4>t<vi. ^. 



Ja/iiytc^h: 



I 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



417 



tice in Cambridge. On June 24, i8go, he was 
appointed instnictor of operative dentistry at the 
Harvard Dental School, which position he still holds. 
He is secretary of the Harvard Dental School Asso- 
ciation, a member of the Harvard Odontological 
and the Massachusetts Dental Societies, and secre- 
tary of the x-^nierican Academy of Dental Science. 
He is exceedingly fond of athletic sports, and dur- 
ing his college days, when he was a member of the 
Har\ard Athletic Association, he won many honors 
in different field meetings. He is now president of 
the Cambridge Riding Club. 

Talbot, Emory Harlow, son of Rev. Micah J. 
and Eliza (Davis) Talbot, was born in Sandwich, 
Mass., Sept. 11, 185 1. He was educated in the 
East Greenwich, R.I., .Academy and Wesleyan Uni- 
versity. Immediately after his graduation he began 
journalistic work, and has continued steadfastly at it 
ever since. His first regular connection was with 
the "Boston Globe" as a reporter in 1877, from 
which position he was subsL-iiucntly jimnioted to the 
" night desk. " For >c\cral vcai> lu- has been con- 
nected with the " l!()>t<in Journal," and now occu- 
pies the responsible position of night editor of that 
paper. He has also done much notable work as a 
special news correspondent of New York and West- 
ern newspapers. He is a member of the Boston 
Press Club, for three years on its board of direc- 
tors, and of the Franklin Typographical Society. 
On Sept. 12, 1876, Mr. Talbot was married to Miss 
H. Virginia Davis, of Baltimore, Md. ; they have 
three children : Frank, .\rthur, and Ethel Talbot. 

Talbot, Isr.\el Tisdale, M.D., was born in 
Sharon, Mass., Oct. 29, 1829. Like many New 
England boys he was obliged to depend upon his 
own resources and energy to obtain an education. 
At the age of fourteen he went to Baltimore, where 
he opened a private school.. This proved very suc- 
cessful, and with teaching occasionally he obtained 
means by which he was enabled to continue his 
studies. He fitted latterly at the Worcester 
Academy, to enter the sophomore class at Harvard. 
Circumstances, however, prevented him from com- 
pleting his classical course, and in March, 1851, he 
entered the Harvard Medical School. He spent 
one winter in Philadelphia and was graduated from 
the Pennsylvania Homceopathic Medical College in 
1S53 and from the Harvard Medical School in 1854. 
He then spent three years in medical study abroad 
(1854-5 and 1S57-8). Since 1848 Boston has 
been his home, and he has resided here constantly 
except when his studies called him away. He has 



had an extensive practice, and, firmly convinced of 
the truth of homoeopathy, he has done much to or- 
ganize and establish its institutions. He originated 
the Homceopathic Medical Dispensary, chartered 
in 1856, and except during his absence in Europe in 
1857-8 has been its secretary up to the present 
time. He has done much for the Massachusetts 
Homceopathic Hospital, of which he has been 
trustee, secretary, and vice-president, as well as 
president of its medical board for several years. He 
was instrumental in securing the establishment by 
the State of the Westboro' Insane Hospital. He 
was actWe in organizing the Boston University 
School of Medicine, of which from its commence- 
ment he has been the dean and professor of sur- 
gery. He has occupied the positions of secretary 
and president of the Boston Homceopathic Society, 
the Massachusetts Homceopathic Medical Society, 
and the American Institute of Homceopathy, all of 
which have prospered under his direction. He 
was vice-president of the International Homceopa- 
thic Congress held in London in 1 881, and presi- 
dent of a similar congress held in Atlantic City in 
1892. He established and for several years was 
the editor of the " New England Medical Gazette," 
and has been a frequent contributor to medical 
journals. .Aside from active membership in many 
medical and other societies, he is an honorary mem- 
ber in twelve State Medical Societies and in the 
National Homoeopathic Societies of Great Britain, 
Germany, and France. In 1856 Dr. Talbot mar- 
ried Miss Emily Fairbanks, of Winthrop, Me., who 
has been well known through her influence in edu- 
cational matters. They have two daughters and two 
sons living. 

Taylor, Bertr.and Eugene, architect, son of 
Jacob and Harriet (Thayer) Taylor, was born in St. 
lohnsbury, Vt., .April 29, 1856. He was educated 
at the St. Johnsbury, Vt., Academy, and was fitted 
for college, but did not enter. After thorough 
preparation he began the practice of his profession, 
and entered into partnership with George I). Rand, 
in January, 1881, under the firm name of Rand and 
Taylor. He is a member of Masonic and Odd 
Fellows lodges, of the Newton, and the Architectural 
clubs. He was married Oct. 17, 1883, to Miss 
Helen Clifton Payne ; they have three children : 
Ruth, Dorothy, and Clifton Taylor. 

Tayi,(ir, Charles H., editor-in-chief and general 
manager of the " Boston Globe," was born in 
Charlestuwn, Mass., July 14, 1846. He was edu- 
cated in the Charlestown [iul)lic schools. .At fifteen 



4il 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



years of age he found his first employment in a 
Boston general printing-office. Here the " Massa- 
chusetts Ploughman" and the " Christian Register" 
were set up, so that he learned the trade of a com- 
positor on those papers. 'I'he year 1861 found 
him in the " Boston Traveller " office, where he 
worked at different times in the mail-room, the 
press-room, and the composing-room. He was l)ut 
sixteen years of age when he left the "Tra\eller" 
office and shouldered a musket for the war as a 
private soldier in the Thirty-eighth Regiment, Massa- 
chusetts Volunteers, one of the youngest recruits to 
enlist in defence of the Union. He served in the 
field about a year and a half, with C;en. N. P. 
Banks' command. In the memorable assault upon 
Port Hudson, June 14, 1863, Private Taylor was 
badly wounded, and in consequence was sent into 
the army hospital at New Orleans, where he re- 
mained nearly three months, when he was honorably 
discharged from the ser\ice and sent home. He 
still carries the bullet with which he was wounded. 
Returning to civil life he reentered the " Traveller" 
office, and, after working for some time in the com- 
posing-room of that paper, became one of its report- 
ers, and soon made his mark as an intelligent and 
ready writer, with a sharp " nose for news." He 
grappled with the mysteries of shorthand writing, 
and, having mastered that difficult art, did much 
notable work as a stenographer. While connected 
with the " Traveller " he also earned considerable 
reputation as a correspondent for newspapers in 
other cities, his letters to the " New York Tribune" 
and the " Cincinnati Times " attracting attention at 
the time. On Jan. i, 1869, a new phase of his 
career opened. On that date he became ]jrivate 
secretary to Governor \\illiam Claflin, and for 
several years thereafter his face was a familiar one 
about the State House. Governor Claflin made 
him a member of his military staff with the rank of 
colonel, and as " Colonel Taylor " he has ever since 
been popularly known, though by the more recent 
appointment of Gov. William E. Russell he is now 
more properly addressed as " General Taylor." 
While acting as Governor Claflin's private secretary 
Colonel Taylor continued a large part of his former 
work as a newspaper correspondent, and never once 
dissociated himself from his chosen profession as a 
journalist. He remained at his secretarial post in 
the governor's office for three years. In 1872 he 
was elected to the lower house of the Legislature 
from Somerville and was reelected the following 
year, receiving the unusual honor on both occasions 
of being the unanimous choice of his fellow-citizens 
regardless of party lines. In the year 1873 he was 



nominated by the many friends whom he had made j 
in the Legislature for the clerkship of the House, 
position that had long been held by the well- 
remembered newspaper correspondent, ^Villiam S. 
Robinson, whose letters over the signature of 
" Warrington " were then among the most salient 
features of the " Springfield Republican." Mr. 
Robinson's friends made a stout fight for his re- 
election, but Colonel Taylor defeated him over- 
whelmingly. Colonel Taylor filled the office of 
clerk of the House until August, 1873, when an- 
other chapter in his career was to open. It was in 
that month and that year that Colonel Taylor took 
charge of the " Boston Daily (llobe," then a news- 
paper which had been started a little over a year 
before, and which was struggling to obtain a foot- 
hold among the older Boston dailies. For nearly 
five years as manager of the " Globe," he seemed 
to be fighting a losing battle, but on March 7, 
1878, he took a bold new departure, and, reorgaii 
izing the enterprise as a Democratic two-cent daily 
paper, conducted on popular lines, and appealing to 
the many instead of the few, gave it a second birth. 
This somewhat audacious step proved to be the 
turning-point in the history of the "Globe." 
Colonel Taylor had found for his paper and himself 
that tide " which, taken at its flood, leads on to 
fortune." The history of the " Boston Globe " 
from that date on to the present time is one of the 
romances of modern journalism. It is a witness to 
the genius, energy, and indomitable pluck of its 
creator. Not by one, but by many and repeated 
strokes of enterprise has Colonel Taylor j)laced the 
" Globe " in its present position. The keynote 
of his success has been — striking originality of 
ideas and liberality in carrying them out. He 
found the " Globe " a staid, conservative sheet, 
addressed to the literary and cultured few, and he 
has made it a sprightly, dashing, and aggressive 
sheet, full of new, bizarre features, and successfully 
catering for the favor of the reading million. 
Among the novelties which, through the " Globe," 
Colonel Taylor has grafted to some extent on the 
daily journalism of Boston, the regular illustration of 
news articles, political cartoons, serial stories, and 
" signed editorials " are to be reckoned. There is 
always an element of surprise in the " Globe's " 
management. Colonel Taylor has indeed a positive 
gift for doing the unexpected. Still a young man, 
well on the sunny side of fifty, with excellent health 
and surrounded by a large staff by whom he is 
personally beloved as well as professionally honored, 
he occupies a most conspicuous place in American 
journalism of to-day. 



•I 



I 



BOSTON OF TO-DAV. 



419 



Teele, John Oscar, son of Samuel and Ellen 

Chase (Cloiigh) Teele, was born in \\ilmot, N.H., 

July 18, 1839. He was educated at the New 

Hampton and New London, N.H., Academies, 

and fitted for college, but the college course was 

interrupted by the Civil War. He studied law 

and began practice in Hillsborough Bridge, N.H., 

I in 1863, a member of the law firm of Briggs & 

Teele. Here he remained until 1867. Then he 

! removed to Boston and was a partner of Hon. 

j Charles R. Train from 1868 to 1885, when Mr. 

' Train died. He has since practised alone. He 

I was a member of the lower house of the State 

I Legislature in 1886 and 1S87. On the i8th of 

I February, 1S68, he was married to Miss ^L^ry 

j Page ; they have one son, Arthur P. Teele, now in 

I Harvard College. 

Temple, Thomas French, was born in Canton, 
! ALiss., May 25, 1838. He was educated in Uorches- 
I ter, and served as clerk and treasurer of the town 
i until its annexation to Boston in 1869. He was 
I then appointed the first judge of the Dorchester 
I municipal court. Since 1871 he has held the re- 
[ sponsible position of register of deeds. He was a 
I member of the board of overseers of the poor for 
j twenty years. In 1870 he was elected to the com- 
I mon council from the Dorchester district. Mr. 
I Temple is a member of many organizations, and 
I has been commander of the Ancient and Honor- 
i able Artillery Company : president of the trustees 
i of Cedar Grove Cemetery ; a director of the In- 
' ternational Trust Company ; trustee of the Home 
1 Savings Bank, the Perkins' Institution for the Blind, 
I and the Farm School ; director of the John Han- 
I cock Mutual Life Insurance Company, and the 
j Boston Lead Manufacturing Company, and jiresi- 
j dent of the Dorchester Mutual Fire Insurance 
I Company. He is connected with the Masonic 
fraternity, past master of the L^nion Lodge, and 
treasurer of the Massachusetts Consistory. He 
was formerly connected with the Boston Fire De- 
partment. 

Tenxkv, Ji ihn .\rthuk, was born in Newport, 
N.H., Oct. 19, 1844. He was educated in the 
public schools of Newport, and graduated from the 
Jefferson Medical College, of Philadelphia, in 1883. 
He settled in Gardner, where he remained for a year 
and a half, and then went abroad, studying at Vienna, 
Paris, and London during 1S84 and 1885. When 
he returned he came to Boston and began practice 
here in 1886. He is now professor of ophthal- 
mology and otology in the College of Physicians 



and Surgeons, and is connected 
Dispensary as oculist and aurist. 



with the Suffolk 
He is a member 




of the Massachusetts Medical .Society and of the 
Boston Therapeutical Society. 



Tennkv, Ward M., son of ( )rlando B. and Lydia 




WARD M. TENNEV 



420 



A\', 



M. (Harriman) Teiiney, was born in Georgetown, 
Mass., May 25, 1849. He was educated in the 
local schools, and early in life learned the art of 
wood-engraving, entering the Boston office of 
Britcher & Russell in 1863. In January, 1886, he 
established the well-known Boston Engraving Com- 
pany, which employs approved processes for i)ro- 
dncing half-tone work. 



M. 



if S:i 




1843. He was educated in iinilinglon, \'t., gradu- 
ating from the high school and studying two years 
in the university. Then he joined the I'hirtcenth 
Vermont regiment and served in the army as hos- 
pital steward for nine months. After this service 
he returned to Burlington and entered the medical 
dejiartment of the university, from which he grad- 
uated M.D., in June, 1865. He at once began the 
practice of medicine in Burlington, where he re- 
mained until 1 87 1, when he was appointed surgeon 
of the Northern Pacific Railroad. In that capacity 
he served three years. Again returning to lliirliiig- 
ton he resumed general practice. In ( )( lulu-r. 
1878, he came to Boston, and here he has since 
remained in general practice. 1 )r. Thayer was city 
physician of Burlington from 1872 to 1875, and 
health officer from 1875 to 1878; he was also ex- 
amining physician for the Germania and Vermont 



Life Insurance Companies and the New England 
Commercial Travellers Association. He is a mem- 
ber of the Vermont State Medical Society, of the 
Chittendon Company Society, and the Burlington 
Medical and Surgical Club, at one time president of 
the latter, and of the Massachusetts and Suffolk Dis- 
trict Medical Societies. He was also the publisher 
of the \'ermont Medical Register. He was adjunct 
ITofcssDr of anatomy in the Burlington Medical 
S( hddl, and is now professor of anatomy and busi- 
ness manager of the College of Physicians and 
Surgeons of Boston. Dr. Thayer was married Sept. 
2, 1 87 1, to Miss Mary Alice, daughter of A. S. 
iieniis, of Boston. 

'I'havf.r, David, M.D., son of Deacon Nathaniel 
Emmons Thayer, of Braintree, Mass., was born in 
that town July 19, 1813. His maternal grandfather 
was Deacon Eliphaz Thayer, who was a soldier of 
the Revolution and was with Washington at West 
Point at the time of the defection of Gen. Benedict 
Arnold and the rapture and execution n( the unfor- 
tun:ite Major An.lre, tlie liritish spy. lie is a di- 
rect dcs( cndaiit n( John Alden and Priscilla, of the 
" iMinllowi r" ( oinpany. Dr. Thayer was educated 
in the I ormiion schools of his native town, in the 
Weymoiitli and Braintree Academy, in I'hillips 
(Andoxcr) Academy, in the Appleton Academy at 
New Ipswich, N.H., and in Union College, Sciie- 
ne( tady, N.V. His medical education was acquired 
( Jiiefiy in Boston, in the medical department of 
Harvard College, and in the Massachusetts Cieneral 
1 lospital. At this time it was not his intention to be- 
I oiiie a physician, but he began the study of medi- 
. ine uith Prof. B. F. Joslin, M.D., LL.D., in 1S36, 
while an undergraduate at Union College, with the 
intention of preparing himself for a life of travel 
and exploration, He went to the Medical College 
at I'ittsfield, Mass., where he took his degree, pre- 
liaratory to his departure for Rio Janeiro : but the 
death of his father and the earnest desire of his 
mother caused him to abandon, for the present, his 
long-cherished plan of becoming a traveller, and 
he took an office in Boston ; and here he has 
remained until the present — through a period of 
nearly fifty years in the practice of medicine. Dr. 
Thayer has shown through his whole life a spirit of 
iVark-ssiu-ss an.l inde|>cndcn( e l.olh in thought and 
a, Hon. While in Phillips A. adeiiiy, tlie funous 
(ieorge Thompson, of haigland, lectured in An- 
dover, on American slavery, and many of the stu- 
dents of the Theological Seminary and of Phillips 
.Academy heard him. The faculty were opposed to 
'I'hompson and his abolitionism, and to [irevent the 



nSTON OF TO-DAY. 



421 



students hearing him, old Prof. Moses Stuart, at a 
prayer meeting on Sunday afternoon, used this lan- 
guage, speaking of George Thompson : " Young 
gentlemen, I warn you, on the peril of your soul's 
salvation, not to go to that meeting to-night." The 
discussion of the question of slawry was fmbidden 
in the Philomathean Societ\- in tho ac ailcinv, and 
students were forbidden lo jiiin tiie anti sla\ery 
society in the town of Andover. About fifty young 
men of the academy, however, refused to submit to 
this dictation. They drew up a protest in which 
they denied the right of the faculty to exercise 
such authority, and presented it in print to that 
body ; and this proving ineffective they demanded 
their credentials and obtained them. About forty 
of these young men then left in a body. This was 
the beginning of Dr. Thayer's interest in the anti- 
slavery cause, and it led him to side with the abo- 
litionists. He became an admirer and a follower of 
Oarrison and Phillips, Francis Jackson, Rev. Theo- 
dore Parker, Governor Andrew, Theodore D. Weld, 
John Brown, and others. He was an active agent 
of the "underground railroad," while that institu- 
tion was in active service, and his house was a ref- 
uge and an asylum for fugitives from oppression, 
for twenty years before the war which emancipated 
the slaves. One of John Brown's men was con- 
cealed in his house on the day when John Brown 
was executed. Dr. Thayer was professor of prac- 
tice and the institutes of medicine in Boston Uni- 
versity for several years. In 1883 he went to 
Furope and visited the hospitals of England and 
the Continent. In 1889 he obtained letters-patent 
from the United States and from several Euro|3ean 
governments, for an invention which he called an 
Aerial Railway, for the exploration of the jiolar 
zone and for navigating the air. Dr. Thayer was 
married in i860, and after a period of twenty-two 
years he obtained a decree of divorce by the Mas- 
sachusetts Supreme Court. 

Thayer, Samuel J. F., architect, was born in 
Boston Aug. 19, 1842. At the close of his school 
days, in 1S58, he entered the office of J. I). Towle, 
an architect at that time of considerable eminence, 
as a student (in those days "apprentice "), remain- 
ing there three years. In 1862 he enlisted in the 
army and was shordy promoted to engineer ser\ice 
in the Eighteenth army corps. On his return from 
the army he was engaged in many of the acti\e 
works that followed the close of the war. He has 
built a goodly number of dwellings, churches, and 
hotels, from Cape Cod to Michigan ; among the 
latter are the Thorndike, the extensions of the 



Quincy and Parker Houses, the Farragut at Rye 
Beach, the Adantic at Nantasket, and a still uncom- 
pleted hotel at Los Angeles, Cal. He has been a 
strong adviser as to building in a " fire- proof " way 
where life is endangered or where great values are 
stored. His three most prominent buildings where 
this has been strictiy adhered to are, that admit 
tedly fine civic building, the City Hall at Providence, 
R.I. (which was awarded to him in an anonymous 
com])etition of twenty-four architects), the Tudor on 
Beacon street, and the Boston Tavern. The town 
halls of Brookline and Stoughton, the Nevins Me- 
morial Hall in Methuen, the Library of Dartmouth 
College, the high schools in Springfield, Mass., and 
Nashua, N.H., all testify to his skill, not only by 
their beauty, but by their adaptability to the uses fo) 
which they are designed. In mercantile buildings, 
strength, simplicity, and ample provision for light 
has been his rule. He was the recipient of one of 
the three medals and diplomas awarded by the 
LTnited States Centennial Commission to New Eng- 
land architects for bold and excellent design. Mr. 
Thayer was married in 1864 to Miss Emeline \\'. 
Goodwin, a Boston school-teacher. 

Th(imps(in, Charlks F., was born in Orange, 
Mass., Dec. 15, 1852. He is of English descent. 




CHARLES F. THOMPSON. 



among his ancestry some of the old 
this country. Stejihen Fossett, his 



422 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY, 



motlier's grandfather, left England in 1650, and a 
few years later settled in Boston. The latter's son 
was brought up here, and at one time lived in the only 
house on the island of East Boston, then " Noddle's 
Island," situated in what is now the very centre, 
and supplied English vessels with produce from 
his farm. The relatives on the father's side came 
over from England in 1700, and also settled near 
Boston. One of them at least is known to have 
fought in the Revolutionary War. Charles F. 
Thompson's parents moved from Orange to Fitch- 
burg in-i857, and from there to Lynn in 1862. In 
Lynn he received his education in the public 
schools ; and soon afterward began his business life. 
He was employed for a time in various capacities in 
shoe factories in Lynn, and eventually worked his 
way up to a position of im])ortance with F. \V. Breed, 
with whom he remained fourteen years. During 
this period he became interested in several profitable 
ventures. At one time he owned the largest por- 
tion of the stock of a cooperative shoe manufactur- 
ing company; and he now holds one-half interest in 
a manufactory of shoe supplies. He also invested 
considerably in real estate in Lynn and adjoining 
towns. In 1 881 he joined the Odd Fellows, and 
has since been very prominent in fraternal circles. 
He is a member of thirteen orders, in four of which 
he is treasurer. When the order of The World was 
established, he was made supreme secretary, and to 
his tireless energy and excellent management that 
order owes much of its advancement. He has 
the reputation of being one of the first authori- 
ties on all that pertains to the subject of fraternal 
insurance. 

THn.\n=soN, (If.orce Ebf.n, M.D., son of the late 
Charles A. C. and Louisa J. ( Davis) Thompson, was 
born in Durham, N.H., Dec. 15, 1859. He at 
tended public schools of Dover, N.H., to which place 
his parents moved in 1868, took a scientific course 
at Dartmouth College, graduating in 1879, and 
entered the Harvard Medical School in that year. 
In 1882 he became house physician at the Mc- 
Lean Asylum, and in 1883 house physician at the 
Boston City Hospital. He received his degree 
in 1884, and began practice in Boston, where he 
has since remained. He is at present physician 
to out-patients at St. Elizabeth's Hospital. He 
is a member of the Massachusetts Medical So- 
ciety, the Boston Society for Medical Observation, 
and the American Academy of Medicine. He 
was married in 1887 to Miss Dora V. Atwood, 
and has two children : Charles F. and Marjoric 
Thompson. 



Thornton, William, M.D., son of Thomas and 
Eliza (Young) Thornton, was born in Leeds, York- 
shire, England, May 17, 1846. He received his 
education under private tuition, at Cambridge, Eng- 
land, and is a Guy's Hospital man. His jjrofes- 
sional work began in 1873, when he became an 
assistant to Dr. Chadwick, of London. In 1877 
he came to Boston, and has since remained here. 
He has received the di]iloma of the .\cademy of 
Medicine of France in recognition of his work, 
" Origin, Purpose, and Destiny of Man," as one of 
the most valuable additions to science of late 
years, and he has also honors on the same work 
from Tokio University, Japan. In 1885 he wrote 
" Rationalism in Medicine." He has been a fre- 
quent contributor to medical journals. Dr. Thorn- 
ton was married in 1873 to Miss Sarah Gamble: 
thev have five children : Alice Louise, Florence 




Crertrude, Wilhelmini Miria, Sa^lic, and William 
CJeorge Thornton. 

Tm-KSToN, Rills I.I wi.ik. M.D., son of Abel 
L. Thurston, was li nn in I'itc hhurg, Mass., Aug. 
7, 1850. He was Climated in the l'"itchburg public 
schools and the .Appleton Academy, New Ipswich, 
N.H. At nineteen he entered the drug business, 
and subse(|uently began the study of medicine under 
the late William T. \Vythe, M.I)., and Alfred Boy- 
son, M.l)., at San F>ancisco, Cal. Dr. Thurston 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



423 



also attended lectures at the Pacific Medical Col- 
lege, San Francisco, and the Hahnemann Medical 
College of Chicago, graduating from the latter 
in the winter of 1881-2. He is a member of 
the International and the Boston Hahnemannian 
Associations. 

TiLDEN, George T., architect, was born in Con- 
cord, N.H., in 1845, and received his education at 
the Phillips (Exeter) Academy. He pursued his 
architectural studies in the office of Messrs. Ware 
& \'an liruiit, and then went abroad for a year, 
studying in England, France, and Italy. He began 
the practice of his profession in Boston in 1872, 
continuing alone until 1880, when he entered into 
partnership with Arthur Rotch, under the firm 
name of Rotch & Tilden, at No. 85 Devonshire 
street. The work of the firm includes some of 
the most elaborate and beautiful buildings in this 
vicinity. They Iniilt the Church of the Messiah 
and the Church of the Ascension in Boston, the 
Church of the Holy Siiirit in Nahant, Episcopal 
churches at Chestnut Hill and in W'ellesle)', the 
Art Museum and Art School at Wellesley College, 
gymnasiums at Hojan College and Exeter Acad- 
emy, the Bridgewater Public Library, high schools 
in Milton and Plymouth, and a large number of 
private houses and churches in other places. t)n 
Commonwealth avenue, and on Fifth avenue. New 
York City, are many fine mansions designed by 
this firm. They also designed the F'ortress hotel 
at (Quebec. 

Till, Charles Henrv, son of Thomas and Mary 
E. (Hiller) Till, was born in Swampscott, Mass., 
March 29, 1858. He was educated in the pubHc 
schools of that town. He began business with the 
Tapley Machine Company of Boston, and has ever 
since been connected with it, now occupying the 
position of treasurer. He was married Sept. 7, 
1885, to Miss Isabella McDonald. 

TiLTON, FR.'iNK Herbert, M.D., son of John and 
Celia Luce (Meader) Tilton, was born in Great 
F'alls, N.H., July 2, 1856. His education was 
attained in the public schools of Nashua, N.H., in 
the L'niversity of Vermont, and the L^niversity of 
the City of New York. Adopting medicine as a 
profession he began practice in 1879 at Norway, 
Me., where he remained for a period of seven and 
a half years. Then he removed to East Boston, 
and has since been established here. He has held 
prominent offices in the Knights of Pythias, the 
i\Iasonic, and the Odd Fellows orders. He is a 



member of the Maine State Medical Society. Dr. 
Tilton was married Sept. 22, 1S79, to Miss Fannie 




1^ 



Prescott Small ; they have two 
and Celia Tilton. 



Iren : Winona 



T(ii;ev, Edward Silas, son of Silas and Mary 
(Fuller) 'ibbey, was born in Kingston, Mass., April 
5, 1813; died in Brookline March 29, 1891. His 
fother, of Berkeley, Mass., was a graduate of Brown 
University, class of 1S07 ; his grandfather, Hon. 
Samuel Tobey, also of Berkeley, was judge of the 
court of common pleas of Taunton, and engaged as 
a ship-owner in the commerce of Newport, R.I. ; 
and his great-grandfather, Samuel Tobey, was a 
graduate of Harvard College, 1 731, and the first 
minister of the town of Berkeley after its separation 
from Taunton. His mother was the daughter of Dr. 
Jabez Fuller, of Kingston, who was a direct descend- 
ant of Dr. Fuller of the " Mayflower," and Lucy 
(Loring) Fuller, daughter of Anne Alden, of Dux- 
bury, a direct descendant of John Alden. When 
Edward S. Tobey was four years of age his father 
died, and several years later his mother married 
Hon. Phineas Sprague, of Duxbury, a widower with 
a young daughter whom Mr. Tobey eventually 
married, April 5, 1841. They had ten children, of 
whom seven survive. Mr. Tobey's education was 
begun in the old Mason-street school, Boston, con- 
tinued three years in the town school of Duxbury, 



424 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



one year at a private school in Kingston, then at 
the academy in South Bridgewater and at a boarding- 
school in Medford, and finally in the high school 
at Duxbury. Failing health compelled him, when 
nearly fitted for Harvard College, to relinquish his 
cherished purpose of college instruction, and he 
entered mercantile life. In 1830, in connection 
with business, and also for the benefit of his health, 
he made a voyage in the brig " Spartan " from New 
York to Malaga. On his return he reentered the 
counting-room of his step-father, who was the senior 
partner in the old-established firm of Phineas & 
Seth Sprague, extensively engaged in foreign and 
domestic commerce as shipowners and otherwise. 
In .-Xpril, 1833, again seeking health, and as super- 
cargo, he sailed for Charleston, S.C, in the ship 
" Fama ; " thence in the " Dalmatia," for Cowes, 
Isle of Wight ; thence to Antwerp, and to St. Ubes, 
Portugal. At the age of twenty-four he became a 
copartner of Phineas & Seth Sprague, under the 
firm name of P. & S. Sprague & Co. Subsequently 
Hon. Seth Sprague withdrew and the firm continued, 
under the name of Phineas Sprague & Co., until ten 
years later, when Mr. Sprague died (July, 1853). 
Mr. Tobey continued the same business until 1866. 
In 1838 Mr. Tobey made his third voyage to Europe, 
as a passenger in the steamship " Great Western," 
one of the first steamers successfully to cross the 
Atlantic. It was her second voyage, and was made 
from New York to Bristol, Eng. Briefly visiting 
London and Paris, he sailed from Havre in the brig 
" Falco " for Malaga, where he purchased a cargo of 
fruit and sailed for Boston, arriving October 17, after 
a passage of thirty days. He remained at .home 
closely attending to business until 1840, when, in 
company with Hon. Seth Sprague, he again, and for 
the last time, visited Europe. This was wholly a 
pleasure tour. They sailed May 13, 1840, in the 
packet ship "Stephen Whitney," reaching Liverpool 
in seventeen days. They travelled in F^ngland, Ire- 
land, and Scotland, France, on the Rhine, and in 
Holland, returning to New York in October, via 
Liverpool, in the packet ship " Roscius," a voyage 
of twenty-seven days. In 1838 or 1839 Mr. Tobey 
was chosen a director of the LTnited States Insurance 
Company; in 1839 a director of the Commercial 
Bank to assist in closing up its affairs, it having 
become embarrassed; and in 1842 a director of 
the Union Bank, which ofiice he held until 1866, 
when he resigned because the United States govern- 
ment required national bank directors to take oath 
that they would personally attend to the duties of 
their office, — an obligation with which his numer- 
ous other duties rendered it ini])0ssible to comply. 



He was on the board of managers of the Suffolk 
Savings Bank ; was one of the founders of the Boston 
Board of Trade ; was chairman of many of its im- 
portant committees, notably that on the subject of 
the cause of the crisis of 1857 and its remedies. In 
his report on this subject he set forth his views of the 
true theory and system of banking and its relation to 
the question of currency, which received the unani- 
mous acceptance of the board, and was generally 
endorsed by the press. His later report on the resto- 
ration of American shipping interests was one of his 
most valuable contributions to the community at the 
time it was presented, and in pamphlet form has 
been widely circulated. He was vice-president gf 
the board in 1859, and in 1861, 1862, and 1863 its 
president, — three years being the limit of tenure 
of that office by the same person, as provided by its 
constitution. In 1 86 1 Mr. Tobey became a director 
in the LInion Steamship Company and chairman of 
its building committee for the construction of two 
iron steamships of 2,000 tons each. These were 
the "Mississippi" and the " Merrimac," built by 
Harrison Loring, of South Boston. They were to 
run between Boston and New Orleans, but were pre- 
vented by the outbreak of the Civil War, sold to the 
United States government and used as transports 
throughout the war. The " Mississippi," on her 
first voyage, carried General Butler and his regiment 
to New Orleans. At the close of the war they were 
sold to a New York company, and one of them 
made the shortest passage on record at that time 
between New Orleans and New York, — five days 
and twenty-two hours from the bar. Mr. Tobey 
was also a director of the Boston and Southern 
Steamship Company, and chairman of its building 
committee for the construction of two iron steam- 
ships, the " South Carolina " and the " Massachu- 
setts," 1,160 tons each. These also were built by 
Harrison Loring. They were successfully employed 
between Boston and Charleston, S.C, for about six 
months, when at the outbreak of the war they passed 
into the hands of the government and subsequently 
performed important blockade service in the Gulf 
of Mexico and elsewhere. The " South Carolina " 
took twenty-five prizes the first six months of her 
service. During the war Mr. Tobey was prominent 
in many ways. He was appointed by (Governor 
.■Xndrew a member of the committee on harbor 
defence, and was also chairman of the committee 
of the board of trade on the same matter. In this 
capacity he inspected the fortifications in the harbor 
from time to time in company with military officers, 
and at one time with Secretary of the Treasury Chase, 
and the fact of its defenceless condition, though 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



425 



officially reported to Secretary of the Navy Welles, 
was carefully excluded from the newspapers to avoid 
attracting attention of the South. Incidentally, he 
also visited Fortress Monroe and the Army of the 
Potomac. He was one of the Boston committee 
appointed in 1S61 to meet delegates from other 
cities in Washington and confer with Secretary Chase 
and Congress as to the financial policy to be adopted 
by the government. In i86r, also, he was presi- 
dent of the Boston Young Men's Christian Associa- 
tion, and as chairman of its army committee was 
actively engaged in cooperation with the United 
States Christian Commission in sup])lying the 
soldiers in the field and in aiding the sick and 
wounded. Soon after the close of the war he 
became one of the one hundred corporators of the 
national asylums for soldiers. In 186 1 he received 
the Republican nomination for mayor of Boston, at 
that time equivalent to an election, but his business 
engagements obliged him to decline it. The next 
year he again received the nomination and accepted 
it, although under political circumstances then which 
made failure almost certain, but he was defeated by 
only 960 votes. A third time he was nominated by 
acclamation, and again business engagements com- 
pelled him to decline. In 1S66 he was elected to 
the State Senate. There he served on the com- 
mittees on federal relations and mercantile affairs 
(chairman), and on a special joint committee on 
rates of interest (chairman). He declined to be a 
candidate for a second term. In 1875 he was 
appointed postmaster of Boston, by President 
Grant, — an appointment wholly unsolicited, — and 
was reappointed by Presidents Hayes and Arthur. 
During his continuance in the office, covering eleven 
years, he served under the administration of five 
presidents and of nine different postmasters-general. 
He brought to the duties of the office a long business 
experience and administered them on business prin- 
ciples. He was the first treasurer of the Russell 
Mills, Plymouth, Mass., a successful duck manufact- 
uring company, and continued in that office from 
1854 until his death. Mr. Tobey held official 
relations to many educational, religious, and philan- 
thropic institutions : he was president of the Con- 
gregational Association, the American Missionary 
Association, the Boston City Missionary Society 
(for eight years), the American Peace Society, and 
the Congregational Club. He was the first presitlent 
of the Pilgrim Society, which was organized in 1865 ; 
and in 1871 as jiresident of that society caused to 
be inscribed on the eastern face of the large rock on 
Clark's Island in Duxbury Bay, which sheltered the 
Pilgrim band on their first Sunday in America, the 



terse record in their journal, " On the Sabbath Day 
We Rested." He was a trustee of Dartmouth Col- 
lege for eight years, receiving from that institution 
the honorary degree of A.M., and was the first 
contributor towards the Webster professorship 
there ; also a trustee of Bradford Academy ; and he 
took a leading part in the movements resulting in 
founding the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 
and secured from Dr. William J. Walker, then 
residing in Newport, R.I., the generous gift of 
§75,000 to the original fund. He was a member of 
the Historic Genealogical Society ; an officer in the 
Webster Historical Society ; and a member of the 
Mount Vernon Church from the first year of its 
foundation, in 1S42, until his removal to Brookline 
in 1883 ; treasurer of the society for eighteen years, 
and for several years chairman of the prudential 
committee. Upon removing to Brookline he trans- 
ferred his church relations to the Harvard church. 
Rev. Dr. Reuen Thomas, pastor. 

Tobey, Walter Henrv, M.D., son of (_;. G. 
Tobey, was born in New York Dec. 2, 1847. He 
was educ .iteil in the public schools and an academy 
in Niu Wuk, ,nii| graduated from the New York 
Honiieop^ithi, Me.li, ;il College, M.D., in 1874. He 
then practised with his preceptor, Dr. H. A. Hough- 
ton, of Boston, for four years, after which he engaged 
in general practice alone. He was connected with 
the Homoeopathic Dispensary for three years. He 
is a member of the Massachusetts Homoeopathic 
Medical Society, the Surgical and Gynecological 
Societies, the Hahnemannian Club, and the Ameri- 
can Institution of Homoeopathy. He has contrib- 
uted a number of noteworthy papers to the various 
medical journals. Dr. Tobey was married Sept. 23, 
1885, to Miss Mary, daughter of .Alfred Baker, of 
New York. 

Tdrrev, (George A., corporation counsel of the 
Fitchburg Railroad Company, is a son of Ebenezer 
and Sarah A. Torrey, and was born in Fitchburg 
May 14, 1838. His father was a prominent man in 
State politics, having been a member of the State 
senate, and was also at one time in the governor's 
council. The son attained his early education in 
Fitchburg, and prepared for college at Leicester 
Academy, graduating from Harvard in 1859. He 
then entered the Harvard Law School, and finished 
his course there in 1S61, the same year beginning 
practice in Fitchburg with Nathaniel Wood. This 
association lasted until 1873, when Mr. Torrey 
came to Boston, and has since been engaged in 
practice here. Since 1887 he has occupied his 



426 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



present position as corporation counsel of the Fitch- 
burg Railroad Company. He has been twice elected 



>:i^x. 



& 



GEORGE A. TORREY 



to the State senate, in 1S72 and 1S73, and during 
both terms rendered faithful and efficient service. 



;, Bi- 




.y 



Adeline (Lane) Tower, was born in Boston June 
17, 1S4S. His father was a well-known physician 
of Boston, who died in 1876. Mr. Tower is a 
graduate of the Boston Latin School, and of Harvard 
in the class of 1869. He studied at the Harvard 
Law School, completing his preparation for the 
legal profession in his present office, the firm then 
being Brooks & Ball. In March, 1872, he was ad- 
mitted to the .Suffolk bar, and in 1874 became a 
member of the firm of Brooks, Ball, & Storey. In 
1S87 the present firm of Ball & Tower was estab- 
lished. In politics Mr. Tower is Republican, with 
Independent views. He is master of St. John's 
Lodge, Free Masons, the oldest in the United 
States ; a member of St. Bernard Commandery, 
and of the Algonquin, Athletic, and several yacht 
clubs. 

Trkfrv, William D. T., son of Samuel Stacey 
and RcbiTca (\\'ormstend) Trefry,' was born in 




WILLIAM D- 



TREFRY. 



BENJAMIN L. M. TOWER. 



Marblehead, Mass., May 10, 1852. Both his father 
and paternal grandfather held positions of trust and 
honor, and on his mother's side he is descended 
from a family celebrated in local annals for its 
patriotism and the bravery of several of its members 
in the Revolution. He was educated in the Marble- 
head public schools, and fitted for college there. 
Then he entered Tufts, and graduated in the class 
of 1878. He studied law in the office of Ives iV 
Lincoln, Salem, and was admitted to the Essex bar 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



427 



at the April term of the court in 1882. In his 
own town he has ser\-ed ten years, 1880-90 inclu- 
sive, as a member of the school board, chairman 
of the board for four years ; and as a trustee of the 
Abbott Public Library for a number of years. He 
has been a member of all the bodies in the S( ottish 
rite of Masonry up to and includiiii^ thirty second 
degree, also of all the bodies in the \ork rite; dis- 
trict deputy grand master of the Eighth Masonic 
district; past master of Philanthro])ic Lodge; 
and is at ijresent |irelate of \\ insluw Lewis rum- 
mandery of Knights ■|eiiiii]ir. Silnn, ;in<l juni..r 
grand warden of Sutton Lodge i>f I'crfrc tiim, Silem. 
In the autumn of 1890 Mr. Trefry was elected State 
auditor of accounts, on the Democratic ticket, with 
William E. Russell as governor, and served through 
the year 1891 with marked success. In December, 
1891, he was appointed by Governor Russell a mem- 
ber of the board of commissioners on savings banks. 
He is unmarried. 

'i'ucKF.R, Charles E., was born in I'.dston May (>. 
1S47. He was educated in the Dwight and Latin 
Schools, and after leaving school went into the em- 
ploy of Lewis Coleman & Co., remaining with them 
for three years. He was then in the employ of 
James F^dmond & Co., formerly of Liberty s(|uare, 
and also occupied the position of book-keeper with 
the Boston branch of A. T. Stewart & Co., of New 
York. While holding the latter position he was ap- 
pointed treasurer of the Globe Theatre by the late 
Arthur Cheney. In 1872 he was clerk in the treas- 
urer's and collector's office at City Hall, and in 1873 
was appointed permanently in the deiiartment, filling 
various positions until 1883, when he was made chief 
clerk. This position he held until 1889, when he 
received the appointment of receiver of water-rates 
and subsequently receiving teller of taxes, which 
position he now holds. 

TucKKU, James Crehore, son of Joseph and 
Lydia (Crehore) Tucker, was born in Milford, 
N.H., Oct. 26, 1831. His edu, ;iti..n was obtained 
in the common schools of his n;iti\c town. He 
came to Boston in 1849 when a lad of eighteen, 
and after thoroughly learning the carpenter and 
builder's trade with Ansel Lothrop, he successfully 
followed this line of work in this city and neighbor- 
hood until 1864 ; in that year he was chosen by the 
city council sujierintendent of public buildings of 
the city of li.istc.n, and this (.fii.c he has held with- 
out interruption e\er since. The buildings under 
his charge number neady three hundred. Mr. 
Tucker is a iirominent member of the order of 



ellows, and is one of the directors of the 
dlows Hall Association ; he also belongs to 




JAMES C. TUC 



the Free Masons, and to 
nal societies. He was 
16, 1858, to Miss Maria 
no children. 



a number of other frater 
marrieil in I'.oston, Nov 
A. Sampson. They havi 



TucKF.RMAN, J. Wii.LARi), was bom in Racine, 
Wis., Aug. 3. 1853. He was educated in Wiscon- 
sin and in C.uiiliridge. He first entered the dry 
goods coniniissKin business; then became a stock- 
broker, and frcini iSSn to 1888 was a member of 
the firm of Howard, Walter, & Co.; then withdraw- 
ing from this firm he began a real-estate business at 
No. 113 Devonshire street, and in Brookline, hand- 
ling a large amount of Brookline property and fire 
insurance. He is the agent for the Beaconsfield 
terraces on Beacon and Tappan streets, Brookline, 
private dwellings erected in the Knapp estate. Mr. 
Knap]i named the first terrace "The Frances," the 
given name of his wife ; the second "The Richter," 
after his eldest son ; the third "The Filmore," after 
his eldest daughter ; the fourth " Marguerite," after 
his second daughter. Each terrace contains from 
six to ten houses, and each is different in architect- 
ure h-'ini the others. There is a handsome ])ark of 
over six acres, artistically arranged ami cared for at 
the personal expense of Mr. Is.na])p, for the general 
use of the dwellers in the terraces. There is also a 



42i 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



fine tennis-court, a handsome casino with large 
dancing-hall and music-room, bowling-alley and 
billiard-room in the middle of the park, and all the 
houses are heated by steam from a central plant. 
Mr. Tuckerman is also agent for Eben D. Jordan, 
who owns ahiiost the entire south-westerly slo|)e of 
Corey hill. 

Tufts, Arthur W., son of (lilbert and Mary 
(Chickering) Tufts, was born in Charlestown Feb. 
20, 1828. His ancestors came to this country early 
in the seventeenth century, that on his father's 
side settling in Medford, that on his mother's side 
in Dedham, where he was prominent in the early 
histt)ry of the town. Arthur \V. was educated in 
the public schools of Charlestown, and in the 
Chauncy Hall School, Boston. He was first em- 
ployed in mercantile business on City wharf, 
Boston, and during the greater part of his career he 
was a member of the firm of Flint & Tufts, whole- 
sale lumber-dealers, this city. While a resident of 
Charlestown he ser\-ed in the common council and 
on the school committee : three years in each. He 
was a member of the lower house of the Legislature 
in 1879, 1880, and 1881, and of the senate in 18S2 
and 1883, in each branch serving on important 
committees. In the senate he was chairman of the 
committees on cities and on the treasury. He was 
presidential elector in 1884, and delegate to the 
national Republican convention in Chicago in 1888. 
Although now retired from active business he is 
connected with several corporations as director, is 
president of the Roxbury Institution of Savings, and 
is trustee of various estates. He is also one of the 
corporate members of the American Board of Com- 
missioners for Foreign Missions and one of the 
auditors of the board ; president of the City Mission- 
ary Society, and a member of the executive commit- 
tee of the Massachusetts Home Missionary Society. 
Mr. Tufts was married No\-. 9, 1853, to Miss Annie 
Hooker, daughter of Rev. Henry B. Hooker. 

Turner, William Dall, son of John B. and i'lllen 
.Augusta (Cobb) Turner, was born in Brookline, 
Mass., Nov. 15, 1863. He was educated at the 
Adams .Academy, Quincy, spending five years there ; 
and at Harvard, graduating in the class of 1884. 
Then he studied two years at the Har\ar(l I,au- 
.School. His first association was with Sumner C. 
Chandler, formerly of Brookline and now of New 
York, in general law-practice in Palatka, Fla. Sub- 
sequently he returned to Boston, and was for a while 
associated with Lyman Mason, and then for a vear 
with H. W. Chaplin. .-Xt present he is practising 



alone. In 1890 he was appointed solicitor for the I 
metropolitan sewerage commissioners, the State 

board having charge of the construction of the sys- i 

tem of sewerage for a number of cities and towns. j 

In 1 89 1 he took a leading part in the movement to I 

secure the introduction here of the "Torrens" sys- - 

tem of State registration of titles to land now in 1 

force in the Australian colonies and elsewhere, ap- j 

l>earing before committees of the Legislature, and . 

writing various articles for the " .American Law | 

Review" and the newspaper press in its support. | 

Mr. Turner is unmarried. \ 

Tvlek, Joseph H., register of probate and insol- I 
vency, Middlesex county, was born in New Hamp- i 
shire in 1825. He was educated in the public schools, ! 
at Phillips (Andover) .Academy, and at Dartmouth ■ 

College, graduating from the latter in 1851. Then he I 

began the study of law, and was admitted to the bar in 
April, 1853. Removing to Cambridge, he practised 
there until 1859, when he was elected (in the fall of 
185S), at the creation of that office, register of 
probate and insolvency, which position he now holds. 
He has been a member of the Cambridge common ' 

council and board of aldermen, serving two years in 
each branch, and of the school board. He was a 
director and president of the Cambridge Railroad 
Company, and has been a director of the Cambridge 
National Bank since its organization, a trustee of 
the East Cambridge F"ive Cents Savings Bank for 
more than twenty-five years, and a master in chan- 
cery of Middlesex county since 1885. His son is 
a lawyer of Boston and a graduate of Har\'ard 
College, and his daughter is a graduate of the Har- 
vard .Annex. 



I IPHAM, Henrv L.4URIST0N, D.M.D., son of 
*—' the late Joseph Emerson LTpham, of Temple- 
ton, Mass., was born in Phillipston, Mass., Feb. 25, 
1848. His education was obtained in the Temple- 
ton High School, the Appleton Academy, N.H., and 
the Green Mountain Institute, Woodstock, \i. He 
was in the VV'est several years for his health, three 
years acting as secretary and treasurer of the 1 ittin 
(Ohio) water-works, beginning with their construc- 
tion, and three years as receiver of supplies on the 
United States snag-boat " Richard P'ord," operat- 
ing in the Wabash and White Rivers. Returning 
I'^ast he entered the Harvard Dental School, and 
graduated in June, 1886. F]stablishing himself in 
Boston, he has since continued the practice of his 
profession here. He is also an instructor in the 
Harvard Dental School. He is a member of the 
Harvard Odontological Society. 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



429 



IS e\er since been 
rests. In 1880 he 



\ /lAUX, FuEDKRic Hknrv, was born in Jioston 
* May 24, 1848. His father, Edward H. Viaux, 
was a native of Paris, France, an instructor in Har- 
vard University, and long an official in the French 
consulate of Boston. The son was a Franklin-medal 
scholar of the Latin School, and in 1870 was grad- 
uated at Harvard, and was elected a member of 
the Phi Beta Kappa Society. He passed his first 
year after graduation in teaching private pupils, 
and at the same time organized a movement in 
Boston for the relief of the distress and destitu- 
tion in France occasioned by the Franco-Prussian 
war. The result of his labor in this direction was 
the " French Fair," so called, held in the Boston 
Theatre in April, 1871, which proved one of the 
most interesting and successful fairs ever held in 
Boston. Mr. \'iaux was a member of the executive 
committee in charge of the enterprise, and its sec- 
retary. Over ^75,000 was distributed among the 
sufferers by the war in France through its results. 
Preferring a business < areer to the long noxitiate 
necessary for the prai tu <■ ot a prdUssion, Mr. X'iaux 
established himself withnut ]irc\ious trainuig as a 
broker in real estate, 
connected with real-cst^ 
began the work of improving the large district of 
marshes and flats on the Cambridge side of the 
Charles-river basin, and secured the legislation in- 
corporating the Charles Ri\er Embankment Com- 
pany, under whose auspices the enterprise has 
been carried forward. He has been connected 
with this corporation since its inception, and in 
the pursuance of his service thereto was instru- 
mental in introducing here the new hydraulic 
system of dredging. It was chiefly through his 
efforts that the Harvard bridge, the first stone and 
iron river-bridge built in Boston, and the new 
great thoroughfare connecting Boston with Cam- 
bridge and the country beyond, became a reality ; 
and he designed the elaborate plan for the laying- 
out for residential purposes of the riparian quarter 
of Cambridge now in process of reclamation. In 
1888 he started the movement for the establish- 
ment of the Real Estate Exchange of Boston, of 
which institution he is the treasurer and manager. 
In 1892 he took charge of the improvement of the 
extensive waste lands of P^ast Cambridge, between 
Craigie and West Boston bridges. He is a director 
in several corporations and a member of numerous 
associations and clubs. He was married in 1873, 
to Miss Florence B. Farrar, and has three children : 
Victor, Florence, and Frederic Viaux. 

ViNAL, Charles A., son of Albert and ICliza A. 



Vinal, was born in Cambridge, Mass., Jan. 2, 1849. 
He was educated in the public schools of his 
native city, where he remained completing his 
education by working out some mathematical prob- 
lems until his sixteenth year. Then he was am- 
bitious to become a man of business, and, finding 
employment with Albert A. Pope in Boston, set 
earnestly to work. On reaching his twenty-first 
birthday he was admitted a partner in the business, 
the firm name being changed to Albert A. Pope 




CHARLES A. VINAL. 

& Co. Their specialty at this time was glove calf, 
patent leather, and shoe-manufacturers' goods, and 
so successfully was the business developed that in 
1878 Mr. Pope retired. Mr. Vinal and A. W. 
Pope, under the old firm name for three years, 
and afterwards as \'inal. Pope, & Co., continued the 
business until 1889, when Mr. Pope withdrew, and 
\Valter H. Holbrook and Samuel ^\^ Bates were ad- 
mitted, the firm name being changed to Charles A. 
Vinal & Co. The nature of the business is the same 
as that of the old firm, — shoe-manufacturers' goods, 
and also glove calf, grained and patent leathers, — 
liut it is considerably extended. The firm are 
extensive dealers in shoe lacings, and import di- 
rectly from large European houses ; and they are 
manufacturers of Dongola goat, curing skin directly 
from Calcutta. Mr. Vinal has repeatedly visited 
England and the Continent, and his business con- 
nection with English manufacturers, with whom his 



43° 



BOSTON OF 



lAV. 



dealings are direct, is a matter of considerable im- 
portance. In politics he is independent, and he 
has no political aspirations. He was married in 
1880, to Miss Helen B. Furber, of New Hampshire ; 
they have three children : Charles A., jr., Ethel, and 
Albert \'inal. !\Ir. Vinal's residence is still in his 
native city of Cambridge. 



Al Z.ADE, Lkvi Clifford, was bom in Allegheny, 
'' Penn., Jan. 16, 1843; died at Homewood, 
Oak Hill, in Newton, Mass., March 21, 1891. His 
parents were of New England birth. He was edu- 
cated at home and in the public schools until he 
was thirteen years of age. From thirteen to six- 
teen he was under private tutors ; from sixteen to 
nineteen he studied in Lewisburg University, where 
he passed through the freshman, sophomore, and 
junior classes. He then entered Yale College at 
nineteen, and was graduated in the class of 1866 
with special honors. While in college he was one 
of the editors of the " Yale Literary Magazine," 
and took several prizes in debate, declamation, and 
composition. He studied Greek and Hebrew 
exegesis one year under Dr. H. B. Hackett, and 
theology one year under Dr. .^Ivah Hovey, and 
taught school in Newton from 1868 to 1873, study- 
ing law at the same time. He was admitted to 
practice in 1873, and was employed by I. W. Rich- 
ardson in his law practice until 1875, when he 
opened an office on his own account in Boston, and 
here continued until May i, 1880. During the last 
three years he was in partnership with Hon. J. Q. 
A. Brackett, under the firm name of Wade & 
Brackett. After 1880 Mr. Wade confined himself 
exclusively to railway law and management, and was 
counsel for the Atchison, Topeka, & Santa F6, the 
Atlantic & Pacific, the Sonora, and the Mexican 
Central Railway Companies. He was one of the 
four original projectors and owners of what is now 
the property of the Mexican Central Railway Com- 
pam', and was its president and general counsel at 
the time of his death. Mr. Wade was married in 
Bath, Me., Nov. 16, 1869, to Margaret, daughter of 
Hon. William and Lydia (Elliot) Rogers; of this 
union there are four children : Arthur C, William 
R., Levi C, jr., and Robert N. Wade. Mr. Wade 
represented Newton in the lower house of the Leg- 
islature four successive years, from 1876 to 1879, 
and in the latter year he was elected speaker of 
the House. He was one of the directors of the 
General Theological Library, of the Mexican Cen- 
tral Railway Company, the Sonora, the Atlantic & 
Pacific, and the Cincinnati, Sandusky, & Cleve- 



land Railroad Companies. From tlie niuiien 
testimonials of sorrow at the death of Mr. W'ac 
and of respect for his great worth and import: 
services, the following resolutions of the direc tors 
the Mexican Central Railway may properly 



.f Cnxl, Levi C. Wade, | 



ir/i.rciis, in tlie provide 
president of this company, has been removed by death, 
whereas the board of directors, recognizing and fully appre- 
ciating his long and valuable service and the warm personal 
regard in which he was held by each member of the board, 
desire to place upon the records their appreciation of his 
loyalty to this company and his worth as a man. At the 
commencement of the building of the Mexican Central Rail- 
road in 18S0, Mr. Wade was its attorney, and in that position 
he displ.ayed remarkable skill and sagacity. In 1884, upon 
the retirement of Thomas Nickerson from the presidency, 
Mr. Wade was elected to fill the Vacancy. He assumed the 
position under circumstances discouraging and dishearteninj^. 
The railroad was not earning the interest on its first-mortgat;^ 
bonds. The company was heavily in deljt, and its credit »a-^ 
gone. Mr. Wade, as its president, threw himself with all his 
power and energy into the reorganization of the securities. 
Upon this he worked incessantly, and succeeded in reorganiz- 
ing the whole bonded debt. He built the Guadalaj.ira 
branch, he finished the Tampico branch, and he completed 
his plans for the improvement of Tampico harbor. .Vml, 
still more, he arranged, on a most satisfactory basis for tliis 
company, a settlement in cash with the government of 
Mexico for all the subsidy due from the Mexican government 
to this corporation, — in amount over Si4,ooo,ooo, — the 
last draft having been paid the day before his death. Passing 
in review his connection with this company, commencing with 
its organization as its attorney, and later as its president, he 
met every demand. He mastered and was successful in the 
details of railroad work, he built branch roads, and he devel- 
oped and carried to success large schemes of finance. He 
adapted himself to all these with a quickness and accuracy 
seldom, if ever, equalled in the history of railro.ad manage- 
ment. Amid all the large work in which he was engaged, 
Mr. Wade was simple in his nature, courteous and gentlemanly 
in his manners, and easily approached by the humlilest per- 
son. He showed at all times the fullest integrity and honesty 
of purpose, and was as magnanimous as he was broad in his 
conduct of afi'airs. He was a man of large attainments and 
great general knowledge. His mind worked quickly, and he 
had wonderful power in grasping new subjects and carrying 
them to a successful issue. He worked assiduously for the 
company, but he never failed to recognize the touch of other 
interests affected by the company. His whole life was based 
on religious conviction. He believed, and went forward to 
carry out his belief. He wanted to do the right, and wrong 
of every kind shocked and grieved him. His place in this 
company cannot easily be filled. 

Resolved, That, in the death of Mr. Wa.le, the members ..f 
the board feel that they have lost a firm friend, a noble-hearted, 
generous-minded, faithful man, one who has had their fullest 
confidence and never failed them. Their sympathy goes out 
to his fami.y in their deep sorrow, with the hope that the 
noble example and the life that has been so full of large and 
successful work and noble Christian duty may be to them a 
consolation and a strength. 

]'oled. That these resolutions be spread upon the records of 
the board, and a copy sent to the family of Mr. Wade. 




^v^ 



^rC^J< 



BOSTON OF TO-DAV. 



431 



^\ ADK, RuFUS R., son of Abraham and Johanna 
(Robbins) \Vade, was born in Pioston July 10, 182S. 
He was educated in the Boston public schools, and 
began business life as a manufocturer of blank- 
books. Subsequently he was for eleven years an 
officer in the various penal institutions of the State, 
including the Cambridge House of Correction and 
the Charlestown State Prison. Then he was ap- 
pointed special agent of the post-office department 
at Washington, and afterwards chief of the Secret 
Service Department for the New England States. In 
1879 he was commissioned by Governor Talbot as 
chief of the State District Police ; and upon the 
reorganization of that department was reappointed 
by (iovernor Long, and continued in the office by 
succeeding governors. He is president of the Na- 
tional Association of Factory Inspectors of North 
America. For ten years he was secretary and treas- 
urer of the Middlesex county Republican com- 
mittee ; and he was one of the founders and the 
first secretary of the Middlesex (political dining) 
Club. He was married Oct. 10, 1849, in Charles- 
town, to Miss Mary A. Marsh ; they have no chil- 
dren. He resides in Somerville. 

U'adlin, Horace G., son of Daniel H. and Lucy 
F. (Brown) Wadlin, was born in South Reading (now 
Wakefield), Mass., Oct. 2, 185 1. He was educated 
in the public schools and by private instruction. 
Then he entered the office of Lord & Fuller, of 
Salem, as a student of architecture, subsequently be- 
coming first assistant in their Boston office, and in 
1874 associated with them in practice. The fol- 
lowing year he began practice independently in 
Boston, devoting himself principally to designing 
school and municipal buildings and domestic work. 
In 1879 he became an attach^ of the Massachusetts 
Bureau of Statistics of Labor, first as special agent. 
Afterwards he was in charge of special lines of sta- 
tistical work, and was lonnected with many of the 
more important investigations undertaken by the 
bureau. He was ne\i engaged in the preliminary 
work of the decennial c ciisiis uf 1885, and was chief 
of the Census Division ni libraries and Schools. In 
1886, upon the resignation of Colonel Carroll I). 
Wright, chief of the Bureau of Statistics of Labor, 
Mr. Wadlin was appointed to that position, in which 
he has since continued. He was a member of the 
lower house of the Legislature in 1885, 1886, 1887, 
and 1888, serving upon the ( (.nnniittees on the 
census, woman suffrage, educ ation, .iiid railroads, 
parts of the time as House chairman of the last 
three. In politics he is Republican. In his own 
town he has been a member of the school board 



since 1875 (some time chairman), and for many 
years a trustee of the Public Library ; he was one of 
the incorporators of the Reading Cooperative Bank 
and its first vice-president ; and he is reporter of the 
Reading Lodge Knights of Honor. He is a mem- 
ber of the American Statistical and the American 
Social Science Associations, one of the coimcil of 
the latter. He has done much literary work in con- 
nection with economic and historic a! sul)ic( ts. He 
was married Sept. 8, 1875, to Miss I';ila I'". Butter- 
field ; they have no children. 

Walker, C. HtwARD, architect, was born in 
Boston June 9, 1857. After passing through the 
public schools of this city he studied architecture 
with Messrs. Sturgis & Brigham, and spent two years 
in New York city. In 1881 he went abroad, where 
he continued his professional education for over two 
years, being sent out by the American ArchKological 
Society in the Assos Flxpedition to Asia Minor. He 
has followed his calling in Boston for six years, 
in 1889 forming a partnership with Herbert R. 
Best, with main offices at No. 6 Beacon street, and 
a branch office in Omaha, Neb. Mr. Best re- 
sided in the latter city, and built there a large bank 
building, a handsome church edifice, and other 
structures. On the ist of March, 1891, Thomas 
R. Kimball, graduate of the Institute of Technology 
in 1889, was admitted to partnership on his return 
from abroad, the firm name becoming Walker, 
Kimball, cV' Best. On April 26, 1891, Mr. Best 
died in Omaha, and Mr. Kimball has succeeded him 
in the Western office. In Boston the firm's largest 
works are the fine Hotel Ludlow, in the rear of 
Triiiit\- Churcli, one of the most imposing edifices in 
that fair section of the city, and the new Mt. Vernon 
Church, corner of West Chester park and Beacon 
street. The concern has had several contracts with 
the Boston Park Commissioners for bridge designs 
and artistic buildings. In suburban residences they 
have met with great success, and have designed 
some of the most elaborate private dwellings at 
Chestnut hill, Brookline, Cambridge, and Man- 
chester-hy-the-Sea. They are the architects of the 
Longfellow Memorial Park, Cambridge, the public 
fountain in (^uincy, and similar works of architect- 
ural art. Mr. Walker is instructor and lecturer 
in the Institute of Technology, on the history of 
ornament, and in the Art Museum, on decorative 
art. 

Wai.kf.r, J. Ai.F.ERi', son of the late Nathaniel K. 
and Sarah A. (Pray) Walker, of Portsmouth, N.H., 
was born in that city .'\ug. 13, 18,59, ''>"'' ^^''^^ the 



432 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



eldest of eight rhildreii. He went to the pubHc 
schools of Portsmouth, anil subsequently was placed 
under the tutorage of W. C. Harris, who had gained 
local fame as an instructor of the youthful mind. 
He was here a witness of the sudden death of the 
master during recitation. About this time the 
young man was seized with a passion to " go to 
sea," and forsook his books for a sailor's life. A 
few months, however, served to satisfy him with this 



this was insufficient, and accordingly, in 1 890, he 
secured an additional lease from the Concord Rail- 
road Company, and erected another large pocket, 
besides raising the old one in order to admit a car 
carrying twenty-five or thirty tons. The distribu- 
tion of the coal at Boston is by two large pockets on 
the Boston & Maine Mystic wharf, and one on the 
Boston & Maine Mystic-river wharf. The Ports- 
mouth end of the business is in charge of A. W. 




occupation, and he returned home and became a Walker, and C. O. Walker and E. L. Churchill at- 

tenil to the Boston part. Mr. Walker himself looks 
after the purchasing of stock for both coal depots, 
and when it is considered that the business is 
second to none in the New England States it will 
be seen that the task is not a light one. But he 
does not allow his strong social instincts to be sub- 
dued in the rush and competition of money-getting. 
He is a member of the Algonquin, .'\rt, and Beacon 
Clubs of Boston ; also of the New Hampshire Club, 
and of several of the leading secret fraternal socie- 
ties. He is attached to DeWitt Clinton Command- 
ery Knights Templar, to St. .Andrew's 1-odge of 
Masons, and to the Piscataqua Lodge of Odd Fel- 
lows. He is a director of the New Hampshire 
N.uional r.ank of Portsmouth, and of the Bank of 
Miuual Redemption of Boston; treasurer of the 
Mane hester Mills of Manchester, N.H. ; vice-presi- 
dent of the Milford & Hopedale Electric Railroad, 
Milford, Mass. ; vice-president of the Milford, 
(Irafton, & Upton Railroad; a director of the Ports- 
mouth & Dover Railroad, and of the(;ranite State 
Insurance Company. There are also other minor 
institutions with which he is connected. He has 
given liberally to charity, and in his native city two 
institutions have particularly felt his benefactions — 
the Cottage Hospital and the Chase Home. The 
religious belief of Mr. Walker is that of the Unita- 
rians. In politics he is a strong Republican. Much 
against his wishes, he was made a candidate for gov- 
ernor of New Hampshire at the convention of 1891 
in Concord. Although after having put his hand to 
the political plow he never turned back, and showed 
grand capacity and leadership, he was defeated. The 
vote, however, which he received was a handsome 
one. In 1865 Mr. Walker married Miss Amanda 
M., third daughter of the late William I'ettigrow, of 
Portsmouth, whose fame as a shipbuilder was almost 
national. Two children were born to them, one, a 
girl, dying in infancy ; the other. Miss Mabel Walker. 
His residence is at Portsmouth, N.H. 

Walker, M.wrice A.,M.D.,sonofJamesand .\ngie 
(Moseley) Walker, was born in Levant, Me., Nov. 
28, 1867. His early education was obtained in the 



\ 



J. ALBERT WALKER. 

clerk in his father's store, in 1S58 he entered the 
firm, which was then changed to N. K. Walker & 
Son. From 1868 to 1880 he was a partner with 
C. E. Walker in the coal business in Portsmouth. 
This partnership was dissolved in 1880. In 1874 
he sold his interest in the original store to his 
brother. Mr. Walker had long had his mind on the 
wharf property of the Concord Railroad Company, 
and in 1880 he leased it for a term of years, and 
built upon it one of the largest coal-pockets in New 
England. Four years later he opened an office in 
Boston, on Congress street. Business grew rapidly, 
and he was very soon obliged to enlarge his facilities 
at Portsmouth. In 1885 he bought the adjoining 
wharf-property, owned by W. D. Fernald, on Market 
street, and here built several large coal-storage 
sheds. Finding that the Fernald property was still 
too small for the growing business, he acquired that 
of the Plaisted heirs in the same locality. But even 




o 



Vvtfcuv i^M'oX.^^dc 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



433 



public schools of Boston and in Denver, Col. In 
1889 he graduated from the medical department of 
the University of Denver, and was senior house- 
officer at the Union Pacific Railroad Hospital in 
that city. In 1890 he returned East, and entered 
the Harvard Medical School, taking a post-graduate 
course, and receiving his degree the following year. 
He is now ( 1S92) associated with Dr. Oalvin in the 
management of the Boston Emergency Hospital. 

Wallace, John, was born in Scotland. His edu- 
cation was begun there and finished in the Lincoln 
School here in Boston, his parents coming to this 
country in 1843, when he was a lad. He began 
business life in the shoe trade, in which he con- 
tinued until 1870, when he went to New Orleans. 
There he lived until 1880. Returning to Boston, he 
entered the real-estate business, buying and selling, 
and negotiating loans, operating principally in Back 
Bay and Brookline properties. He was married in 
Boston in 1862, to Miss Annie E. Fitch, daughter 
of the late Jonas Fitch. He was a resident of 
Commonwealth avenue before he moved to New 
Orleans, and has resided there since his return. 

Wallburg, O^Tn^^^R, was born in Boston Ajiril 
15, 1843. He was educated in the Boston public 
schools, anil \k-uyj, a natural artist early learned the 
painting and dci oratne trade. In 1868 he formed 
a copartnership with William A. Sherry, with whom 
he had been associated in work for several years, 
and, under the firm name of Wallburg & Sherry they 
have become widely known as designers and execu- 
tors of artistic fresco and other fine decorative 
work. They have done the interiors of notable 
churches from Halifax to Texas, of many national, 
state, and city public buildings, and of fine dwellings 
in the Back Bay district, in Brookline, and other 
neighboring places. Among their more important 
works are the frescoing of the Custom House and 
the council chamber of the City Hall, the Odd 
Fellows' Halls in Lawrence and Lowell, academies in 
Bradford, Mass., and Oeneva, N.V., the Dudley- 
street Baptist Church, and the Eliot Church, Rox- 
bury district. In other sections of the country 
their work is shown in town halls, public halls, 
banks, theatres, and residences. They employ thirty 
or more skilled men, and send them often to dis- 
tant points to fulfil contracts. Mr. Wallburg is an 
ex-president of the Master Painters' and Decorators' 
Association of Boston, and a member of the Master 
Builders' Association. He was married in Boston 
March, 1878, to Mrs. Frances C. Schoefft. He re- 
sides in the Roxbury district. 



Wal'ion, George Lincoln, M.D., was bom in 
Lawrence, Mass., March 15, 1854. His early in- 
struction was derived from the public schools 
of that place and Westfield, and at the Williston 
Academy. He graduated from Harvard in the 
class of 1875, receiving the degree of A.B., and 
then entered the Harvard Medical School, receiving 
the degree of M.D. in 1880. The same year he 
went abroad, spending three years in Berlin, Leipsic, 
and Paris, returning to Boston in 1883, where he 
has since continued the practice of his profession. 
Dr. Walton holds the position of physician to the 
department of diseases of the nervous system at the 
Massachusetts General Hospital, and is clinical in- 
structor in the same department to the Harvard 
Medical and Dental Schools. He is a member 
of the Massachusetts Medical Society, the Boston 
Society for Medical Improvement, the Boston Soci- 
ety for Medical Observation, the Boston Medico- 
Psychological Association, the Boston Society of 
Medical Sciences, and the .'American Neurological 
.Society. He has been a frecjuent contributor to 
the various medical journals. 

Waiwcirth, Arthur C, son of James J. Wal- 
worth, the pioneer and founder, in connection with 
his brother-in-law, the late Joseph Nason, of the 
steam-heating business in the LInited States, was born 
in Boston April 29, 1844. He is a grandson of 
Capt. George Walworth, of New Hampshire, and 
a descendant in the sixth generation from William 
Walworth, who came from England to Fisher's Island 
and Groton, Conn., in 1693, and was the progenitor 
of nearly all of the name in the United States. Mr. 
Walworth's mother was a daughter of Leavitt Nason, 
and a sister of Joseph Nason, his father's partner in 
the original firm of Walworth & Nason, founded in 
1842. Arthur C. Walworth entered the Boston 
Latin School in 1857, and graduated with honor in 
1862. Then he went to Yale College, from which 
he graduated in the class of 1866. Fortunate in a 
father who wished to give him as good an education 
as was then to be obtained, he was enabled to con- 
tinue his studies at the Lawrence Scientific School 
(Harvard LTniversity ) , and to complete his educa- 
tion as a civil engineer at the famous Ecole des 
Fonts et Chauss^es, Paris. He is now at the head 
of the W'alworth Construction and Supply Company, 
which is engaged in the business of erecting steam- 
heating and [jower plants. His concern is an off- 
shoot of the Walworth Manufacturing Company, and 
was started by the junior Mr. Walworth in 1887, to 
follow up especially the business of contracting and 
construction, while the old company are rather 



434 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



manufacturers and jobbers. His concern has 
already completed some large contracts, such as the 
State Insane .'\sylum at Concord, N.H., the Connect- 
icut Hospital for the Insane at Middletovvn, and 
the entire plant of Brown University in Providence, 
R.I., where all the buildings are warmed from a 
central battery of boilers. To these may be added 
the heating-apparatus of the new Boston Public 
Library, now in process of construction, which ]ilant 
will be one of the most elaborate and best-equipped 
in the United States. Apart from his business Mr. 
Walworth has at times engaged in transient literary 
work. He has also been more or less interested 
in politics, and represented the city of Newton in 
the lower house of the Legislature of 1887 and 1888. 
When a young man he was interested in military 
matters, being a member of the Boston Cadets and 
at one time captain of the Newton company in the 
First Regiment Massachusetts Militia. He has 
always been active in church and social matters, and 
is a member of the Congregational, the Massachu- 
setts, the Newton, and the University (a charter 
member) Clubs, and of the University Club of New 
York. He is also an active member of the Ameri- 
can Association of Mechanical Engineers and the 
Boston Society of Civil Engineers ; and he is presi- 
dent of the New England Association of Master 
Steam-fitters. Mr. Walworth married the eldest 
daughter of the late (iardner Colby; their chil- 
dren are six in number, four boys and two girls. 
He resides in Newton Centre, near the old Colby 
estate. 

Wai.wokih, C. Clark, the head of the extensi\e 
Walworth Manufacturing Company, was born in 
Canaan, Grafton Co., N.H., March 23, 1815. His 
father was Hon. George \Valworth, a well-to-do 
farmer of Grafton County, N.H., who served in the 
Legislature of that State, and was otherwise promi- 
nent. He was born in New Hampshire, and was 
descended from the old English family of Walworth, 
whose genealogy runs back into the nobility of Eng- 
land, the first of whom was Sir William Walworth, 
lord mayor of London at the time of Wat Tyler's 
Rebellion, and one of the king's body guard. Sir 
William, in the latter capacity, was present at the 
meeting of the king and Wat Tyler, and when the 
latter was thought to be on the ].)oint of assassinating 
his majesty, it was the hand of Sir William which 
slew the rebel, thus saving the king's life. A mon- 
ument to the memory of Sir William stands in Lon- 
don to-day, in Fishmongers' Hall, and on its base is 
inscribed " Walworth the Brave." C. Clark Wal- 
worth was reared on his father's farm. He was 



given a common-school and academic education, 
being unable, on account of poor health, to pursue a 
college course. After leaving school, and before he 
had attained his majority, he taught five different 
schools in his native county, each one of which was 
situated in a district noted for unruly and obstreper- 
ous scholars. In each instance he mastered the 
bad scholars and brought order out of chaos, de- 
monstrating the possession of unusual executive 
ability, which in after life contributed greatly to his 
success. In 1836, in company with his brothers 
George and James, he went West and settled in 
Illinois, the two brothers locating at Alton and en- 
gaging in business, and he going up into Bond 
county, about forty miles from St Louis, and taking 
to farming. He remained on the Illinois farm for 
about two years, and then went to Iowa to assist in 
the building of a mill for his brother George and 
Timothy Davis, then an M.C., at Anamosa, Jones 
county. A natural mechanic, although he had 
probably never before been inside such a mill, he 
was able, with instructions from the millwright who 
put in the machinery, successfully to ojjcrate it, and 
was placed in charge of its work. About two years 
later he and his brother purchased Mr. Davis' inter- 
est, and subsequently taking a partner, he rented 
his brother's interest. Lender this arrangement the 
mill was operated for about six years, during this 
period kept in continuous operation both night and 
day, the partners standing watch at the saw alter- 
nately. They supplied the United States govern- 
ment with lumber for the construction of the national 
road from Dubuque, la., to Little Rock, Ark. After 
awhile they added a grist-mill to their saw-mill, and 
this also was kept grinding both night and day, and 
frecjuently on Sundays. During his experience at 
this business, Mr. Walworth, always alive to what 
was taking place around him, saw that an investment 
in land would yield good returns, and consequently 
entered several thousand acres of government land 
in Iowa, paying for it about §1.25 per acre. In 
about the year 1847, on account of the poor health 
of his wife, he returned East, intending to spend only 
a few months here. Leaving her at the old home at 
Canaan, he came to Boston, where his brother James 
was then engaged in manufacturing. With an idea 
of familiarizing himself with his brother's business, 
and, if practicable, to establish a similar plant in 
Iowa, he entered the concern. But he continued on 
indefinitely, eventually giving up the plan of going 
back to the West. Three years after he began work 
here he became superintendent of the workmen. 
By this time he had mastered every detail of the 
work, and had made himself invaluable. In 1852 



M 




A/D.)f^:L^^r^^ 




1^ 




BOSTON OF TO-DAV, 



435 



he became a member of the firm with his l>rother, 
the previous partner, Mr. Nason, witli(ha\viiig. A 
few years later he raised one hundred thousand 
dollars, and organized a stock company with four 
hundred thousand dollars capital, which was incor- 
porated as the Walworth Maiiufac turing Company, 
with J. J. Walworth as president, and ('. C. Walworth 
as general manager of the mechanic al department. 
In about 1885 he was made general manager of the 
entire business, and in 1891 was elected president 
of the company. He now holds the position of 
president and general manager. Mr. Walworth has 
made many valuable inventions in his line, among 
which are well worth mentioning his six-spindle 
tapping-machine, with which about ten times the 
amount of work, and better, can be accomplished 
than before ; a jiatent radiator; a manifold, which 
reduces the cost over the old-fashioned fittings, and 
gives perfect contro] (i\ er the use of the steam ; the 
patent screw-plate : ami a patent safety floor-flange. 
In connection with another gentleman he also in- 
vented the Walworth sprinkler, which has saved 
millions of dollars' worth of property. 

\\'ALWOR-rH, James Jones, was born in Canaan, 
N.H., Nov. 18, 1808. He was educated in the 
public schools of that tnwii, in 'riutiord Academy, 
Thetford, Vt., and in Salislmiv \. i.kiiiy, Salisbury, 
N.H. He taught pubiu srhonls m New Hamp- 
shire three successive winters. He came to Boston 
in 1829, and was for ten years engaged in the hard- 
ware business, first as apprentice with Alexander H. 
Twombly & Co., subsequently as partner in the firm 
of Scudder, Park, & Co., and later as agent of the 
Canton Hardware Co. In 1841 Mr. Walworth, in 
connec tion with Joseph Nason, composing the firm 
of \\'alworth lK: Nacon, founded the business of 
warming and ventilating buildings by means of 
steam and hot-water apparatus upon methods such 
as had not up to that time been in use, but which 
are now almost universally adopted, and the manu- 
facture of the great variety of goods of iron and 
brass required in the construction of such appara- 
tus. Beginning the business in New York, a year 
later a plant was started in Boston. They origi- 
nated and introduced into practical use the now 
well-known system of warming buildings by the use 
of small wrought-iron tubes heated by steam ; and, 
under Mr. Walworth's personal direction, the system 
was applied to numerous cotton and woollen manu- 
factories, and other large buildings in all the New 
England States, for several years before any other 
concern entered the field. Walworth & Nason also 
introduced into this country, in 1846, what is known 



as the mechanical system of ventilation by the use 
of the " fan-blower," propelled by steam power, a 
system now extensively used throughout the United 
States. As engineer in this department, Mr. Wal- 
worth has designed and executed heating and ven- 
tilating apparatus in many of the earlier examples 
in liD^pitals, in theatres and other public buildings. 
l'|H)ii the foundation thus laid by this pioneer con- 
cern has grown a business of immense proportions, 
now represented by numerous establishments, small 
and large, in nearly every State in the Union, as 
well as in most European countries, involving a 
capital of, probably, more than fifty million dollars 
and the employment of one hundred thousand 
workmen. In the year 1852 the firm of Walworth 
&: Nason was dissolved, Mr. Nason taking the busi- 
ness in New York, and Mr. Walworth continuing 
the business in Boston in his own name, and later 
in the name of J. J. Walworth & Co., until 1872, 
when the corporation of the Walworth Manufactur- 
ing Company was organized, with J. J. Walworth 
as president. This company now owns and oc- 
cupies extensive manufacturing works in South 
Boston, employing at these works and elsewhere, 
including their sales department in the city proper, 
upwards of eight hundred workinen and other em- 
ployes, and having actively employed in their busi- 
ness a cajjital of eight hundred thousand dollars. 
The salesrooms and offices are at Nos. 14 to 28 
Oliver street. From this point their manufactured 
goods are shipped to all points of the United States 
and to several European countries, their annual sales 
amounting to about two millions of dollars. Mr. 
Walworth has also been for the last twenty-seven 
years president of the Malleable Iron Fittings 
Company, a large malleable-iron establishment in 
Branfort, near New Haven, Conn. ; and for a long 
period connected, as president, with several other 
corporations and societies, mechanical and literary. 
He represented the city of Newton in the lower 
house of the Legislatures of 1S70 and 187 i. 

Ware, Darwin E., son of Erastus and Clarissa 
Dillaway (Wardwell) Ware, was born in Salem, 
Mass., Feb. 11, 1831. He was educated in the 
Salem schools, in Harvard College, from which he 
graduated in the class of 1852, and in the Harvard 
Law School. After graduating from the latter he 
entered the law office of C. T. & T. H. Russell, 
and in 1856 began practice here in Boston. He 
has held a number of positions of trust, and per- 
formed notable public service. He was a member 
of the lower house of the Legislature in 1863, and 
of the senate in 1864 and 1865. In 1866 he was 



436 



)S'rON OF TO-DAV. 



appointed by Secretary McCullough one of two 
commissioners for the " codification of tlie customs 
revenue, and shipping laws " of the United States ; 
and from 1866 to 1874, when he resigned, he was a 
member of the Massachusetts Harbor Commission. 
He is a member of the Boston Civil Service Reform 
Association (formerly its president), of the New 
H^ngland Tariff Reform League, the Massachusetts 
Reform Club, of the American Bar and the Boston 
Bar Associations, and of the Unitarian, and St. 
Botolph clubs, and other social, literary, and chari- 
table organizations. He has been a member of the 
board of overseers of Harvard College for several 
terms since 1866. In politics Mr. Ware was a Free 
Soiler, then a Republican until 1884, and since that 
time an Independent in politics, acting generally 




DARWIN E. WARE. 

with the Democratic party. On May 26, 1S6S, he 
married Miss Adelaide F. Dickey; they have one 
son, Richard Darwin Ware. 

Ware, Horace E., son of Jonathan Ware, a ])rom- 
inent physician of Milton, and of Mary .Ann Ware, 
daughter of Edmund Tileston, of Dorchester, was 
born in Milton, Mass., Aug. 27, 1845. He gradu- 
ated from Harvard College in 1867, and studied 
law in the Harvard Law School and with the late 
Judge W. S. Leland. He was admitted to the Suf- 
folk bar in 1869, and has been in general ])ractice 
since, his present office being at No. 2 7 School street. 



He is Republican in jiolitics, and represented his 
district (the Fourth Norfolk) in the lower house of 
the Legislature in 1879 a"'! 1880. He has always 
resided in Milton. 

\\'arn()CK, .Adam, supreme secretary of the .Amer- 
ican Legion of Honor, was born in New York city 
in 1846. He was educated in the public schools 
there. .At the age of sixteen he served as a special 
officer in the New York draft riots. He also served 
in the LTnited States Navy. Early in life he became 
interested in fraternal societies. At eighteen he 
was a member of the Sons of Temperance and the 
Good Templars. As soon as he reached his major- 
ity he joined the Masons. He was long a member 
of Atlas Lodge of New York, and is now connected 
with the Columbian Lodge of Boston. He is also 
a member of Corinthian Royal Arch Chapter, and 
Ivanhoe Commandery Knights Templar, New 
York ; of the Commonwealth Lodge, Boston, Odd 
Fellows ; of Howard Lodge, Knights of Pythias, 
New York ; of the Yononto Tribe, Boston, Improved 
Order of Red Men, a charter member; of the 
Royal .Arcanum ; the Knights and Ladies of Honor ; 
and the United Workmen, Pilgrim Fathers, Home 
Circle, F^quitable Aid Union, and other fraternal in- 
surance organizations. He joined the American 
Legion of Honor in Brooklyn, and, taking his card 
from Stella Council of that city, organized Green- 
wich Council in New York city. .At the organiza- 
tion of the Grand Council in New York he was 
elected supreme representative. He was elected 
supreme secretary at the session of 1882, and is 
now serving his tenth year in that position. Since 
1882 he has made his headquarters in Boston, resid- 
ing in Cambridge. He is a member of the LInion 
Boat and the Athletic Clubs, and of Post 30, 
G.A.R., Department of Massachusetts. His faniilx' 
consists of a wife, three boys, and two girls. 

\\'AkREX, Fraxki.ix Coolev, SOU of Johu Wright 
and Harriet (Cooley) Warren, was born in Lin- 
coln, Mass. He was educated in the public schools 
there and in a private school in Boston. In 1S44 
he began business as clerk or confidential agent for 
F. A. Benson, coal dealer of Boston, remaining with 
him for several years. In September, 1850, he 
began the wholesale and retail coal business with 
Seth Whittier as partner, under the firm name of 
Whittier & Warren, at Fisk's wharf. The association 
continued for four years, when they dissolved part- 
nership. Mr. Warren then began business for him- 
self in the \Vest F^nd, on Charles street. He 
removed to his jiresent oifice and wharf, Mt. 




.AduwiV( 



a/iwo-t,i\/r 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



437 



Washington avenue, foot of Kneeland street, in 
I 884. When he began the coal business there were 
forty-two coal-wharves in the city ; since then, not- 
withstanding that there has been an enormous in- 
crease in the volume of the business, the number of 
wharves has steadily decreased, there being now 
(1892) but twelve in Boston proper. Mr. Warren 
has travelled considerably in Europe ; other than this 
his time has been devoted chiefly to business ; he has 
never aspired to or held public office, though repeat- 
edly urged by his ]iart\ asxx iates to stand as a 
candidate for place. 1 K- ( in tr.u e his ancestry back 
to 1630, when his am L-^turs i\ime to .America from 
England in the ship " Arbella," landing June 8, 
1630, at Essex. Mr. Warren was married in .\ugust, 
1850, to Miss Margaret M. Covley. 

W.ARRKN', H. Langford, architect, although of an 
old Massachusetts family, was born in Manchester, 
Eng., in 1857. He was brought by his parents to 
this country when an infant, and has since lived for 
long periods on both sides of the Atlantic, his later 
school and college days having been spent in (Ger- 
many and England. After taking the s|ieiial 1 nurse 
at the Institute of Technology, he cntircil, in i>^79, 
the architect's office of the late H. H. Ru hanison, 
in Brookline, and remained in his employ for five 
years. Then he spent a year and a half in travel 
and study in France, Italy, and England. On re- 
turning to this country he took charge of the archi- 
tectural department of the " Sanitary Engineer " in 
New York. Returning to Boston in 1886, he 
opened an office for himself at No. 9 Park street. 
He designed the elegant residence of Charles J. 
Page, at the corner of Westland avenue and Parker 
street, which is especially noteworthy for its artistic 
interior — a line in which .Mr. Warren is very success- 
ful. He also built the residences of \Villiam B. 
Strong and G. A. Burdett in Brookline, and a num- 
ber of residences at W'aban, Newton. He has a 
branch office in Troy, N.Y., where he has built, 
among other structures, several important city resi- 
dences, and has done much fine work in Saratoga, 
Lake George, and other places in that vicinity. 
Among his other works may be mentioned the 
Scripps Cemetery Chapel at Detroit, a Gothic 
building with stone and brick vaults, and the town 
hall in Lincoln, Mass., recently completed. Mr. 
Warren has given considerable attention to land- 
scape gardening ; he designed the arrangement of 
Renfrew Park at Newport, R.I., besides its nineteen 
elegant dwellings, a Casino, with tennis courts, etc., 
and large club-stables. A large orphan-asylum in 
Troy, N.Y., which accommodates some two hundred 



and fifty inmates, one of the most completely ap- 
pointed buildings of its kind in the country, is another 
of his designs ; and he has also charge of the 
arrangement of the extensive grounds of the asylum. 
Mr. Warren is secretary of the Boston Society of 
Architects. He was married in 1S88 to Miss Cath- 
arine C. Reed, of Boston. 

W'ARREN, Nathan, was born in \\'altham, Mass., 
Feb. II, 1838. He comes from the old New Eng- 




NATHAN WARREN. 

land stock from which most of the Massachusetts 
Warrens are descended. The original John Warren 
came from England and settled in the Massachu- 
setts Bay Colony in 1630, and the descendants of 
this family may be said always to have been repre- 
sented prominently and actively in afftiirs since the 
early settlement. Mr. Warren's grandfather, for 
whom he was named, was a soldier of the Revolu- 
tion ; his father was in service in the W'ar of 181 2, 
and Mr. Warren himself was in the Civil War. So 
the family for three successive generations has a good 
military and patriotic record in the history of the 
country. Brought up on a large farm, on the out- 
skirts of the busy manufacturing village of Waltham, 
attending the public schools and graduating at the 
high school, he was inclined to pursue his studies 
still further in a college course, but decided upon 
a commercial life. With this view he entered a 
wholesale dry-goods house in Boston, and was after- 



438 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



wards established in New York in the commission 
business. In 1862 he enlisted in the Forty-fifth 
Regiment Massachusetts \'olunteers, and served 
through his period of enlistment in North Carolina. 
Subsequently he was in the public service in Louisi- 
ana, and in \\'ashington at the close of the war. 
After the war he returned to Boston and was 
interested in shipping and commission business, in 
trade principally with Cuba, South America, and the 
west coast of Africa. In this connection he made 
quite an extensive trip to several places in the last- 
named part of the world during the years 1867-8. 
He has also travelled e.\tensively in Europe and 
through his own country, especially in the North- 
west, beyond the line of the frontier, before the con- 
struction of the great railways. .Soon after the 
establishment of an active and independent agency 
of the Equitable Life Assurance Society in Boston, 
Mr. Warren became connected with that society in 
its local business, and he has since been identified 
with its rise and progress and with the institution of 
hfe insurance. He is now the principal representa- 
tive of the Euqitable Life in Boston. He is also vice- 
president of the Life Underwriters .\ssori:iti(ni in ihi^ 
city. He has always been actively interrslcd m \>\\]<\ii 
and political affiiirs. In 1880-1 he represented W.il 
tham in the lower house of the Legislature, when lie 
was chairman of the committee on insurance and a 
member of the joint committee for revising the 
public statutes. He has also been a member of the 
Republican State central committee, and chairman 
of local and district committees in political cam- 
paigns. He is considered a person of excellent 
judgment, is calm, cool, and dispassionate, strong 
and sincere in his views. As a Mason, he has been 
a member of Monitor Lodge in Waltham for many 
years, and for two years the master. As a member 
of the board of trustees of the Waltham Public 
Library he was president for several years. What- 
ever has been for the public welfare of the commu- 
nity in which he has lived has found in him an 
active and conscientious supporter. Mr. Warren is 
fond of books and studies, and apart from business 
duties has done considerable work with his pen on 
topics of the day and other subjects of more per- 
manent character. He contributed the history of 
Waltham in the recently published History of Mid- 
dlesex county, and on the occasion of the sesqui- 
centennial celebration of the incorporation of that 
place was one of the committee of three to prepare 
the oration of the day, which, as an cxpeniiK-nt of 
joint authorship for the preparation of an historical 
address within a very brief time, was eminently 
successful. He resides at Waltham, in a pleasant 



country house outside of the city. In 1883 he 
married Miss Charlotte K. Bacon, of Sjjringfield ; 
they ha\e one child, Richard Warren. 



Washih-rx, Frank L., son 

M. (('hrnr\) W:i.hl„irii. u,i- 



Abtiv 

Miiuh, 




FRANK L. WASHBURN. 

N.H., May i, 1849. ^^ 's ^ nephew of Hon. 
P. C. Cheney, ex- Lieutenant Governor and Lhiited 
States Senator from New Hampshire, and of Rev. 
O. B. Cheney, president of Bates College, Lewis- 
ton, Me. He was fitted for college at New Hamp- 
ton, N.H., and attended Bates, from which he 
graduated. He studied law in Boston with his 
cousin, the late Horace P. Cheney, and was ad- 
mitted to the Suffolk bar in November, 1879. He 
at once began practice in this city, and for thirteen 
years has been associated with Gen. Benjamin F. 
Butler. On June 14, 1877, he was married to Miss 
.Annabelle E. Philbrick, of Candia, N.H. ; they 
have two children, Grace and Katharine Washburn. 

Washhuk.n', Georc;e Hamlin, M.D., son of Rev. 
George Washburn, president of Robert College, 
Constantinople, Turkey, was born in Constantinople 
May 22, i860. He was educated in the prepara- 
tory department of Robert College. Coming to 
America, he entered Amherst, where he graduated 
in 1882, receiving the degree of A.B. Afterwards, 
in 1886, he graduated from the Harvard Medical 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



439 



School, receivini; the degree of M.D. He was hi 
the fity Hos].it;il two years (1885 and 1886), and 
then estabhshed himseU' in Boston in general prac- 
tice. He is physician to the Boston Dispensary, 
and to out-patients at St. Elizabeth's Hospital in the 
department for diseases of woiiuii, .ind surgeon to 
out-patients at the Free Hospilil r,.i \\ omen. He 
is a member of the Massac hiisctts Nkilu ;il Society, 
of the Boston Society for Medical Improvement, of 
the Medical Library Association, and of the Obstet- 
rical Society of Boston. Dr. Washburn was married 
in 1S87, to Miss Anna M., daughter of S. C. Hoyt, 
of Auburn, N.Y. 

\\'ATsoN, Francis Sedgwick, M.D., was born in 
Milton, Mass., May 31, 1853. He was educated 





< 



in the private schools of Kps Dixwell and John 
Hopkinson. He entered Harvard and graduated 
in 1875, and then the Medical School, gradu- 
ating in 1878. He was house surgeon at the Mas- 
sachusetts General Hospital from 1878 to 1879, 
and finished his medical education by two years' 
study in Vienna, Strashnrg, Paris, and London. 
Returning to Bosttm in i.SSi, he began the prac- 
tice of his profession in this city, where he has 
since continued. Since 1881 he has held various 
appointments : surgeon to the department of genito- 
urinary diseases, Boston Dispensary ; assistant sur- 
geon to the Home of the Good Samaritan ; surgeon 



to out-]xatients at Carney, The Children's, and 
the City Hospitals ; and assistant visiting surgeon 
to the City Hospital. He is a member of the 
Massachusetts Medical Society and of the Ameri- 
can Association of Anthropologists, and instructor in 
minor surgery and in genito-urinary surgery in the 
Harvard Medical School. His ])rinri])al writings 
include the following papers : " Tumors of the 
Bladder;" "Spontaneous Fracture of Stone in the 
pjladder ; " " Points in Connection with the Renal 
Calculus;" "Cases of Tuberculosis of the Urinary 
Tract;" "Stone in the Bladder;" "Lumbar 
Nephrotomy ; " and " Monograph on the Operative 
Treatment of Hypertrophied Prostate." He has in- 
vented the following new appliances : a splint for 
the treatment of acute hip-disease ; perineal drain- 
age-tube for the bladder ; and bladder speculum and 
scissors cautery, for removing bladder tumors. He 
was delegate to the Berlin International Medical 
Convention, Aug. 18, 1889, from the Association of 
American Anthropologists. Dr. Watson was married 
June 16, 1886, to Miss Mary, daughter of Thomas 
H. Perkins, of Boston. 

Way, John M., son of Lorin and Lettice C. 
(Aulds) Way, natives of New Hampshire, and of 
pjiglish and Scotch ilescent respci ti\ cK'. wjs born 




in Rochester, Vt., May 29, 1829. 
academic education, which he 1 



He obtained an 
■gely augmented 



44° 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY, 



by private study for a number of years. He came 
to Boston in 1847, where his brother, the late well- 
known Samuel A. Way, the millionaire, had preceded 
him. About the year 1850 he began the study of 
law with Hon. f^dward Avery and the late Nathaniel 
Richardson, was admitted to the bar in 1 854, and has 
been in general practice ever since. He is largely 
interested in real estate in Boston, and also owns 
large interests in Chicago and the West. Mr. Way 
was born a Democrat, but since the Butler cam- 
paign has affiliated with the Republican party. He 
resides in the Roxbury district, where he was in the 
common council three or four years. He married, 
Oct. 29, 1858, his present wife, Fannie D. Thomas, 
of Wayland, by whom he has two children living : 
\Villiam T., a lawyer of Princeton, Mo., and Edith 
Fannie Way. By his former marriage with Sarah 
1,. Reed (deceased), there are two children living: 
John M. and Clarence Way, district attorney of 
Yuma cuunty, Arizona. 

Weeks, .Andrew G., son of Ezra and Hannah 
(Merrill) Weeks, was born in North Yarmouth, Me., 
June II, 1823. He was educated in public and 
private schools in Portland, Me. In 1840 he came 
to Boston, and entered the shop of Frederick 
Brown, druggist and apothecary, at that time on the 
corner of State and Washington streets. The year 
following he engaged with Smith &: Fowle. He re- 
mained with them ten years, and then (in 1S51) 
formed a copartnership with W. B. Potter, in the 
wholesale drug business, under the firm name of 
Weeks & Potter. This was the beginning of one of 
the most prosperous and most influential houses in 
the trade. In 1847 Mr. Weeks was married to 
Miss Harriet P. Pierce, of New York city. They 
have had four children : Harriet Emma (died in 
infancy), Warren B. Potter, Andrew Gray, jr., and 
Hattie P. (now Mrs. S. R. Anthony) Weeks. He 
resides in Boston, and is a warden of Emmanuel 
Church. 

Weeks, Warrex B. P., was born in Boston in 
May, 1858. He was educated in St. Mark's School, 
Southborough, Mass., and Harvard College, from 
which he graduated in the class of 188 1. In 1882 
he became clerk of the International Trust Com- 
pany, remaining in that corporation until 1887, 
when he entered the real-estate and insurance 
business, with office at No. 20 Water street. He 
has made a specialty of business property in 
Boston and manufacturing property out of the 
city, assuming the management and care of prom- 
inent estates, negotiating loans, and so on. In 



1 89 1 he removed to more commodious quarters, 
in the building erected by the John Hancock 
Insurance Company, on Devonshire street. He 
was married in Boston in 1885, and resides in 
the city. 

Weil, Charles, son of Jacob and Theresa 
(Hruell) Weil, was born in Merzbach, Bavaria, July 
5, 1854. His parents came to the United States 
when he was twelve years old. His education was 
mainly attained in the foreign schools. He spent 
two years in the English High School of Ann Arbor, 
Mich., and at the age of fourteen came East to begin 
active business in a wholesale house in New York. 
When seventeen years old he came to Boston, and 
two years after, in connection with Mr. Dreyfus, he 
established the wholesale furnishing- house then, as 
now, known by the firm name of Weil, Dreyfus, & 
Co. Under his management and direction they 
have been eminently successful. Notwithstanding 
their serious loss by the great fire of 1872, they 
have by careful study of the demands of trade made 
steady, continuous progress, adding annually to their 
capital, and to-day they stand among the leading 
houses in the line of men's furnishing-goods, of which 
they are also large manufacturers. Colonel Weil is 
a thorough American. He received his title of 
" Colonel " as a member of the military staff of 
Governor .\mes. His benevolence and open- 
hearted liberality are shown in many ways, but he 
does not seek publicity in making any of his 
charitable gifts. Mr. Weil was married in New 
York in February, 1874, to Miss Carrie, daughter 
of Samuel and Helen Sykes ; they have a family of 
five children. 

Welch, Charles Alfred, the oldest lawyer in 
practice at the Suffolk bar, son of Francis and Mar- 
garet C. (Stackpole) Welch, natives of Boston, was 
born in Boston Jan. 30, 1815. His father was a 
Boston merchant, and for many years president of 
the Franklin Insurance Company. Mr. Welch pre- 
pared for college in the Boston Latin School, and 
graduated from Harvard in 1833. He then studied 
law in the office of Sprague & Gray, two terms at 
the Harvard Law School, and was admitted to the 
bar in 1837. He became a partner of the late 
Edward D. Sohier in 1838, continuing until the 
death of that eminent jurist, in 1888. He is now 
in practice alone at No. 9 Tremont street. He 
has been a Democrat since 1840, and is an extreme 
anti-tariff man in his views. He is a Mason of the 
thirty-third degree, is ])ast grand master for Massa- 
chusetts, and is now in the governing body of that 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



441 




fraternity. Mr. Welch resides on Beacon street in Eastern Division, and on June 1,1891, he was a] 
the winter, having a summer residence at Cohasset. pointed superintendent, the position which he no' 

holds. 



Welu, a. SpAULDiNci, son of the late John Gard- 
ner Weld, was born in St. Louis, Mo., Nov. 7, 
1S49. Coming with his parents to Boston the 
following year, he was educated in the public 
schools of Jamaica Plain, West Roxbury. When a 
lad of sixteen he went into the dry-goods com- 
mission business, where he remained until 1877, 
when he became the New England agent for the 
Canada Southern Fast Freight Line, which position 
he held for seven years, until the consolidation of 
that line with the Blue Line. Then, in 1885, he 
entered his present business, the real-estate, with 
office at No. 27 School street and No. 703 Centre 
street, Jamaica Plain. Mr. Weld's father, the late 
John Gardner Weld, and his uncles, the late 
\Villiam F., Stephen M., Francis M., and Dr. C. M. 
Weld, were all residents and extensive property 
owners in Jamaica Plain. He is interested in 
Jamaica Plain property, and also carries on a large 
general real-estate and insurance business. He is 
treasurer of the Eastern Point Association. In 
1S83-4 he was a member of the Boston common 
council from Ward 23. 

AVEi.LiNGiDN, Austin C, son of Jonas Clark and 
Harriet E. (Bosworth) Wellington, was born in 
Lexington, Mass., July 17, 1840; died in Cam- 
bridge Sept. 23, 1888. He was the head of the 
Austin C. Wellington Coal Company of Boston, and 
one of the most popular members of the Massachu- 
setts militia. He began his business career in 
1856 as book-keeper in the flour store of S. G. 
Bowdlear & Co., Boston, and continued with this 
firm until his enlistment, in 1.S62, in the Thirty- 
eighth Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers. He 
served through the war, returning at its close as 
adjutant of his regiment. Then he engaged in the 
coal business, and subsequently established the 
Austin C. Wellington Coal Company of Boston, of 
which he was general manager. He was also 
chairman of the Boston Coal Exchange, and 
president of the Charles River Towing Company. 
Li 1875-6 he was a member of the lower house of 
the Legislature, serving on the committee on military 
affairs. Colonel Wellington's interest in the volun- 
teer militia of the State was constant. In 1870 he 
was captain of the Boston Light Infantry; in 1873 
he was elected major of the First Battalion of In- 
fantry, consisting of his own and three other com- 
panies ; and later he was commissioned colonel of 



CHARLES A. WELCH. 

He was born on the site of the post-ofifice, in the 
old Stackpole residence. 

Welch, Whjjam J., was born in Boston March 
27, 1S51. He was educated in the Eliot Grammar 
and the St. Mary's Parochial Schools. After leaving 
school he entered the employ of Daniel Howard, 
jr., newspaper and periodical dealer in the old 
Merchants Exchange Building, State street. He 
was elcilcil t(i the coiniiion ( ouncil in 1S80, 1881, 
and iSSj, scr\iiiL; on m.-\cim1 nnporlant committees, 
notably iho^c on fmanc c, ])uli( c, ami assessors de- 
partment. In 1883 he was elected alderman, nomi- 
nated by the Democratic and Citizens' committees. 
He was renominated for 1884, but was defeated, as 
was the whole of the Democratic aldermanic ticket 
that year. In 1884 he was elected a member of 
the board of overseers of the poor, and served five 
years. At the December election of 1884 the 
aldermanic district-system went into operation, and 
Mr. Welch was then elected from the third district 
for 1885. In 1888 he was appointed superintend- 
ent of the water-works (Mystic Division), and in the 
same year was transferred to the position of super- 
intendent of the meter department. In 1889 this 
department was abolished, and Mr. Welch was 
made assistant superintendent of the water-works, 



442 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



the First Regiment of Massachusetts Mihtia, which 
became famous for the high standard to which he 
brought it. His military instinct was a family in- 
heritance ; his great-grandfather, Captain Timothy 
W'ellington, was a member of Captain Parker's 
company at the battle of Lexington, and his grand- 
father's brother, also a member of Captain Parker's 
company, was the first prisoner of the Revolution ; 
he was cajitured by the king's troops early on that 
eventful morning, but he got away and later rejoined 
his company. Colonel Wellington was a director 
and afterwards president of the Mercantile Library 
Association, and was a member of the Art Club and 
the Cecilia Society of Boston, and of the Shakespeare 
Club of Cambridge. He was first married in 
Cambridge, June 30, 1869, to Miss Caroline L., 
daughter of George Fisher, of Cambridge. She 
died in 1879 ; and on Nov. 29, 1887, he married 
her sister. Miss Sarah C. Fisher. 

Wf.lus, Samuei,, was born in Hallowell, Ms., Sejit. 
9, 1836. His father was Samuel Wells, judge of the 
Supreme Court of the State of Maine from 1848 to 
1852, and governor of that State in 1855. His 
mother was Louisa Ann Appleton, daughter of Dr. 
Moses .Appleton, of Waterville, Me. He was gradu- 
ated from Harvard College in 1857, and among his 
classmates are many of the leading lawyers of the 
Suffolk bar. He was admitted to practice in Bos- 
ton Dec. 18, 1858, and was for ten years a partner 
with his father. In 1871 he formed a partnership 
with Edward Bangs under the firm name of Bangs 
& Wells, which relation still continues. Of late years 
Mr. Wells' time has been given more to the manage- 
ment of trusts and to oflSce work than to litigation ; 
and among his more important business connections 
are the John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Com- 
pany, of which he is a director and the counsel, and 
the State Street P^xchange, of which he is president. 
He is also one of the tnistees of the Boston Real 
Estate Trust, and a director in several business 
corporations. He is a member of many scientific, 
social, and charitable organizations, and has taken 
much interest in the Boston Young Men's Christian 
Union, of which he is one of the trustees. He is at 
present grand master of the ( '.rand Lodge of Masons 
of Massachusetts. On June 11, 1863, Mr. Wells 
married Catherine Boot, daughter of the late E^zra 
Stiles (iannett, D.D. ; they have three children: 
Crannett, Samuel, jr., and Louisa .Appleton Wells. 

Weniwiikth, Wai/ikk A., was born in Brighton, 
now the Brighton district, May 20, 1846. He was 
a member of the firm of I ). Connerv cS: Co., build- 



ers, from March 15, 1881, until .April i, 1890, when 
he associated in partnership with Walter J. Connery, 
also of D. Connery & Co., and, under the firm name 
of Connery & Wentworth, succeeded to the business 
of D. Connery & Co., which itself had succeeded the 
long-established building firm of Standish & Wood- 
bury. While making a specialty of mason work, 
Connery & Wentworth contract for all other branches 
of the building trade and assume the responsibility 
of the entire work in every detail. Their work is 




WALTER A. WENTWORTH. 

seen in the new Telephone Building, the Pierce 
Building on Copley scjuare, the Young Men's Chris- 
tian .Association Building, the Homoeopathic Hos- 
pital at the South End, the Cambridge Hospital, the 
Westborough Insane Asylum, the Quincy Storage 
Building, and many of the finest mansions in the 
Back Bay district. Mr. ^^'entworth was one of the 
originators of the Master Builders' Association, and 
he is also a member of the Charitable Mechanic 
.Association. He resides in Allston. 

Wessei.huki'i, Wimiam Pai.mek, .M.l)., son of 
William Wesselhoeft, of Boston, was born in Boston 
Oct. 8, 1835. He attended Boston schools until 
he had reached the age of fifteen, when he went to 
Leipzig, and there graduated. He then returned to 
Boston and entered the Harvard Medical School, 
from which he graduated in 1857, receiving the 
degree of M.D. Since that time he has practised 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



443 



homoeopathy in Boston with marked success. He 
is a member of the Massachusetts Homceopathic 
Medical Society, the American Institute of Homoe- 
opathy, the International Hahnemannian Association, 
of which he has been president, and of the Boston 
Hahnemannian Association. He has contributed 
\arious articles to the medical journals and the 
societies. Dr. Wesselhoeft was married Jan. 31, 
i860, to Miss Sarah F. .Allen, daughter of Hon. 
Elisha H. Allen, of Honolulu. 

Wes'I', (iEORCE \Verb, M.D., was born in Salem, 
Mass., May 17, 1850. His education was obtained 
in the Salem schools and at Harvard College, from 
which he graduated A.B. in 1872. Then he spent 
two years abroad in travel and study. Returning in 
1 87 5, he entered the Har\ard Medical School, and 
graduated therefrom in 1879 with his degree of 
M.D., after serving a year as surgeon interne in the 
Massachusetts General Hospital, 'i'hen he went 
abroad again and continued the study of his pro- 
fession in Vienna, Paris, and London. I'lion his 
return to Boston in 1882, he was immediately ap- 
pointed on the staff of the Massachusetts (leneral 
Hospital, and this position he held until 1888, when 
he was obliged to resign on account of ill-health. 
In 1884 he was appointed demonstrator in minor 
surgeons' apparatus at the Harvard Medical School, 
which place he also held until 1888. He is a mem- 
ber of the Massachusetts Medical Society, the 
Boston Society for Medical Observation, and the 
Boston Society for Medical Improvement. Dr. 
West was married Nov. 6, 1885, to Miss Rose, 
daughter of Hon. Leverett Saltonstall, of Chestnut 
Hill. 

\\'ksi', William Henry, was born in Milton, Mass., 
Jan. 27, 1830. He was educated in the public 
schools and at the Bridgewater Normal School. 
After leaving school he entered mercantile life in 
Boston, and is now a successful merchant. He was 
a member of the common council from 187 1 to 
1874, and in 1892 a member of the State senate, 
serving his second term. He has been on several 
important committees. 

Weston, Alden B., superintendent of the registry 
division of the Boston post-office, was born in Du.\- 
bury, Mass., in the year 1844. He was educated in 
private schools in Pembroke and Northfield, and 
also took an academic course in the Highland 
Military Academy in Worcester ; but at an early age 
he left school and went to sea in the merchant ser- 
vice, in which he remained for five years, serving in 



the capacities of boy, seaman, third and second 
officer. When the war broke out he entered the 
Union army as a private in the Second Regiment 
of New Hampshire Volunteer Infantry, and was 
mustered out at the close of the war in 1865. He 
then took a sea voyage, and after his return, owing 
to ill-health, was obliged to renounce the idea of 
following the sea as a profession. He served for a 
year and a half on the State constabulary, having 
lieen appointed by Governor Andrew, and was then 
appointed by Sergeant-at-Arms Hon. John Mor- 
rissey as messenger to the House of Representa- 
tives. In 187 1 he entered the Boston post-office 
as a clerk in the mailing division, where he re- 
mained one year, being then transferred to the 
registry division; in 1880 he was promoted to the 
position of assistant superintendent of that division, 
and again promoted, in 1884, to be superintendent, 
which position he now holds. His father, Hon. 
Gersham B. Weston, was a native of Duxbury, a 
member of the Legislature for sixteen years, serving 
twelve in the House and four in the Senate, a 
member of the constitutional convention of 1853, 
and a member of Governor Boutwell's council. He 
was a strong Republican in politics and an earnest 
advocate of temperance, and died in the year 1S69, 
when seventy years of age. 

Weston-S.mith, R. D., was born in Newton, Mass., 
May 8, 1864. He was graduated from Har\'ard in 
the class of 1886. He studied law at the Harvard 
Law School, and with his father, Robert D. Smith. 
Since his admission to the bar, in January, 1888, he 
has practised his profession in Boston. He was as- 
sistant counsel for the New York & New England 
Railroad from Feb. i, 1890, to July i, 1891. On 
Oct. 4, 1888, he married Miss Austiss, daughter of 
Charles Folsom Walcott. He is now living in 
Cambridge. 

Wetherbee, Is.A-AC Josiah, D.D.S., was born in 
South Reading, Vt., March 9, 181 7. In his early 
life he gave marked evidence of a high order of 
genius for mechanical pursuits. At the age of 
fifteen he made a verge to a bull's-eye watch, for 
which he received one dollar and fifty cents. He 
had only two common files with which to form the 
verge, which was made from a darning-needle. 
He was very successful in altering over old flint- 
locks into percussion-locks, for which he received a 
fair compensation ; also in making pistols. Later 
on he made a cylinder escapement for a Lepine 
watch without the aid of a watchmaker's lathe, for 
which he received four dollars as com]jensation. 



444 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



The above feats show a man'eilous intuition for one 
so young, and a large intelligence in the methods of 




ISAAC J. WETHERBEE. 

execution. .Arriving at manhood, having obtained 
a fair education, he studied for the ministry under 
his father, who was an able and successful clergy- 
man in the Free Baptist denomination. On June 
2, 1841, at North Hampton, N.H., he was set apart 
by ordination to the gospel ministry, and subse- 
([uently held pastorates at Kittery, Me., and Charles- 
town, Mass., where he resided in 1845. For several 
years prior to 1846, he had done more or less den- 
tistry for friends in a private way. Therefore when, 
by reason of ill-health, he found it necessary to re- 
linquish his former profession, he was well trained 
to enter upon his present profession. He pursued 
his studies as best he could with the limited text- 
books then extant, and in 1850 graduated from the 
Baltimore Dental College, the first, and the then 
only, dental college in the world, since which time 
he has held first rank among the leading dentists 
of the country. In 1865 the Boston Dental Insti- 
tute was organized, and Dr. Wetherbee was elected 
president. It held its meetings monthly, and lec- 
tures were delivered on dental science and allied 
subjects, until it was superseded by a charter for 
the Boston Dental College, granted June 3, 1868. In 
July following the college was fully organized by the 
choice of Dr. Wetherbee as its president, and B. B. 
Perry as its secretary. Dr. Wetherbee was also 



elected to the chair of dental science and opera- 
tive dentistry, which he held for fifteen years. 
Ultimately, a change in the by-laws of the college 
making the holding of the dual positions incom- 
jiatible, he resigned his chair. Dr. Wetherbee has 
held the presidency of the Boston Dental College 
for twenty years, and still fills that ofiice. He was 
president for one year of the .American Dental 
Convention, also president of the Merrimac Dental 
Society for one year, and treasurer of the American 
Dental .Association for two years. He is at present 
first vice-president of the Washingtonian Home, an 
incorporated institution at No. 41 Waltham street, 
Boston. He was the first permanent dentist to 
break away from the practice of a rigid exclusive- 
ness which held sway in Boston among dental 
practitioners, and thereby opened the way for 
the organization of the Massachusetts Dental So- 
ciety, of which he is now an honorary member. 
He has been exceedingly loyal to the dental pro- 
fession. He was the first in Boston to recjuire his 
students to remain with him for three years, and 
to promise to atu-ud sul)se(iuently a dental college 
and graduate therefrom. His loyalty to a large 
clientage is pro\erl)ial. 

Wk.therbee, Rosvvell, M.D., son of Daniel and 
Clarissa (Jones) Wetherbee, was born in Acton, 
Mass., Aug. 30, 1857. He was educated in the 
public schools of .Acton, the high school in Fram- 
ingham, and the Harvard Medical School, from 
which he graduated in 1881. He has since prac- 
tised in Cambridge, where he sen-ed for a long pe- 
riod as city physician. He is a member of the 
Massachusetts Medical Society, the Cambridge 
Medical Improvement Association, and the Har- 
vard Medical School Association. He was married 
June 3, 1885, in the Charlestown district, to Miss 
Annie, daughter of Francis Raymond. 

Wetherei.l, (lEoRiiK H., architect, son of John 
L. and Mary (Bratllee) Wetherell, was born in 
Boston June 2, 1854. .After a training in Boston 
schools and the In.stitute of Technology, he went 
abroad, where he studied two years in Paris in the 
Ecole des Beaux Arts. Returning to Boston, he 
began the practice of his profession, and was for 
some years at the head of the ofiice of the late 
Nathaniel J. Bradlee. In 1885 he formed a part- 
nership with ^Valter T. W'inslow, under the firm 
name of Winslow & Wetherell, with offices at No. 
3 Hamilton place, and this connection has since 
continued. His work is shown in many business 
structures in Boston, and a number in Kansas City; 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



445 



fire-proof and substantial in construction, witli con- 
venient and comfortable interiors. Among the 
designs of the firm are the Hemenway Building on 
Tremont street and Pemberton square, the (llobe, 
Marlborough, and Pray Buildings on Washington 
street, the Children's Hospital buildings on the 
Back Bay, and other notable structures. Mr. 
Wetherell was married in 1883, to Miss Cumings, 
of Boston. 

Whall, William B. F., son of \\illiam J. and 
Anne (Dolan) Whall, both born in county Kil- 
kenny, Ireland, was born in Salem street, Boston, 
almost under the shadow of old Christ Church, 
March 10, 1856. He received his early education 
in private schools, and began his collegiate course 
in Boston College, completing it in the College of 
the Holy Cross of Worcester, from which he 
received his A.B. in 1874, and A.M. in 1876. At 
both of these colleges he won the university prizes 
for elocution and English essay-writing. After 
graduating from Holy Cross he became assistant 
jirofrsMJi in :iii( it-nt languages and mathematics at 
Loyola College, Baltimore, which position he held 
for two years. While thus engaged in teaching he 
began the study of law in the University of Mary- 
land, and in May, 1876, graduated with the degree 




the State of Maryland) he was admitted to the 
Baltimore bar, being then only twenty years of age. 
He immediately removed to Boston, and, entering 
the post-graduate class of the Boston University 
Law School, spent a year more attending lectures 
and re\ie\ving his pre\ious studies, in June, 1877, 
receiving an additional degree in law. In Novem- 
ber, that year, he was admitted to the Massachu- 
sctis ]):\T. ind in February, 1878, began the practice 
of his piohsMon here. About that time the posi- 
tion of a^si^tant lecturer in the Boston University 
Law School was offered him by the dean. Judge 
Bennett, but he declined it for business reasons. 
In 1 881, in conjunction with Edward A. McLaugh- 
lin (the present clerk of the lower house of the 
Legislature), he prepared the copy of the " Public 
Statutes " for the press ; he also prepared the copy 
for enactment. In 1886-7 he was a member of 
the Boston common council; and from 1887 to 
1890 he was commissioner of insolvency for the 
county of SulTolk, declining a reappointment. He 
has been first vi( e-president of the Young Men's 
Catholic National I'nion of America, and has also 
occu|iied the same position in the Alumni Associ- 
ation of Holy Cross College. He was one of the 
founders of the Clover Club, drafted its constitution, 
and was its secretary for the first two years of its 
existence. In politics he has always been a Demo- 
crat. Mr. Whall was married on June 18, 1888, at 
Brooklyn, N.Y., to Miss Helena Angela Le Blanc, of 
Brooklyn. Since 1888 he has resided in East 
Boston. 

\\'hf.eler, Morris Plumkr, M.D., son of Philip 
C. Wheeler, of Wakefield, Mass., was born in Man- 
chester, N.H., Nov. 7, 1842. He was educated in 
the public schools of Wakefield, and graduated from 
the Harvard Medical School M.D. in 1874. He 
then associated himself with Dr. O. S. Sanders, at 
the same time attending lectures in the Boston LTni- 
\ersity School of Medicine. In 1875 he established 
himself at No. 19 Allston street, Boston, and the 
following year moved to the Dorchester district, 
where he has since remained. He was physician to 
the Homoeopathic Dispensary for five years. He is 
a member of the Massachusetts and the Boston 
Homoeopathic Medical Societies, and was for five 
years secretary of the latter. Dr. Wheeler was mar- 
ried May 16, 1863, to Miss Rosina B., daughter of 
William Crane, late of Wakefield, Mass. 



WILLIAM B. F. WHALL. 



Wheelwright, Ji ihn T., son of Ceorge W. Wheel- 
of LL.B. In [uly of the same year, upon motion of wright, was born in Roxbury Fel>. 26, 1856. He 
Hon. John P. Roe (since then attorney-general of prepared for college in the Roxbury Latin School, 



446 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY 



and graduated from Harvard in 1876 and the 
Harvard Law School in 1878. He further studied 
law with Messrs. Brooks, Ball, & Storey, and was ad- 
mitted to the Suffolk bar in 1879. He has since 
practised in Boston, his oiifice now being at No. 39 
Court street. He is Democratic in politics, and has 
been prominent among the younger leaders of his 
party in the State. He was in i8gi and 1S92 
assistant quartermaster-general on the staff of Gov- 
ernor Russell. He resides in Jamaica Plain, West 
Roxbury district. 

Whimdex, Kknton, is a son of Thomas J. Whidden, 
one of the most prominent builders of his time in 
New England, who began business in Boston in 
1845. In 1880 Renton Whidden was admitted to 
partnership with his father, and when the latter re- 
tired, in 1888, he and his brother Stephen succeeded 
to the business, under the style of Whidden & Co., 
at No. 1 01 Milk .street. The firm is one of the 
heaviest contracting and building concerns in the 
city, erecting buildings of every description, com- 
plete in every detail. 

Whidden, Stephen, is a son of Thomas J. Whid- 
den, who began business as a builder in 1845, and 
became widely known in New England. Upon the 
retirement of the elder Whidden, in 1888, he and 
his brother Renton succeeded to the business, and 
it has since continued under the firm name of 
Whidden & Co., at loi Milk street. 

A\'hippi.e, John }a\, son of Ferdinand and Han- 
nah (Sweet) Whipple, was born in \\'orcester, 
Mass., Dec. 31, 1847. He was educated in the 
public schools of that city. When a young man, in 
1866, he entered the business of drugs and groceries, 
under the firm name of J. J. Whipple & Co., which 
has continued to the present time. In 1885 he 
was a member of the lower house of the Legislature, 
in which he ser\-ed as chairman of the committee 
on water-supply and as clerk of that on insurance ; 
in 1884 and 1885 he was the secretary of the Re- 
publican State central committee ; and the same 
years, and also in 1886, he was on the staff of Gov- 
ernor Robinson, with the rank of colonel. He was 
chairman of the first board of wage arbitration that 
ever existed in New England. In Brockton he was 
a selectman in 1878, when it was still a town; a 
member of the school board for nine years ; a water 
commissioner for four years ; and mayor of the city 
in 1886 and 1887. He is president of the Brock- 
ton Savings Bank, a director in the Brockton Na- 
tional Bank, and one of the proprietors of the 



Brockton City Theatre. He is a prominent mem- 
ber of the Masonic and Odd Fellows orders. Colo- 
nel Whipple was married on June 22, 1869, in 
Brockton, to Miss Helen ( ). Howard; they 
three children: Mary Helen, lulith Hell, and 
ard F. Whipple. 

WHmo.MH, Charles W., son of Benjamin 1 
Mary M. (Mclntire) Whitcomb, was born ii 



have 
How- 




CHARLES W. WHITCOMB. 

ton July 31, 1855. He attended the Boston public 
schools, entered Bowdoin College in 1872, and two 
years later joined the junior class of Dartmouth, 
graduating therefrom in the class of 1876. While 
at Dartmouth he received several prizes in athletic 
contests, and wrote the class ode for Commence- 
ment day. After leaving college he attended the 
law lectures in the L^niversity of Gottingen, and 
travelled abroad until the summer of 1878. Re- 
turning to Boston, he entered the Boston LTniversity 
Law School and was graduated in 1880. He was 
admitted to the Suffolk bar just previous to gradu- 
ation, and began practice in Boston in the office of 
J. H. Benton, jr., with which he had become con- 
nected while at the law school. Subse(iuently he 
opened an office of his own. In 1S86, upon the 
creation of the office of fire marshal, a State office 
judicial in character, and instituted for the purpose 
of holding inquests as to causes of fires and the 
prosecution of incendiaries, he was appointed to the 




U^-^/7^^ 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



447 



position by Governor Robinson, and was reappointed 
in 1889 by Governor Ames. In 1883 and 1884 Mr. 
Whitconib was a member of the common council. 
Declining a third nomination, in 1885 he was the 
Republican candidate for the governor's council. 
In 1883, 1884, and 1885 he was secretary of the 
Republican city committee. He was married June 
26, 1884, in Boston, to Miss Marie M. Woodsum ; 
they have three children : Benjamin H., Charles 
\Vilbur, jr., and Dorothy Whitcomb. 

Whitl'omh, Russell, was born in Maiden, Mass., 
May 6, 1865. His parents moved to Boston when 
he was a child, and here he was fitted for college in 
Chauncy Hall School and under a private tutor. 
He studied law for two years in the office of At- 
torney-General Russell, of New York; and then, in 
1885, entered the real-estate business in Boston 
with Edward F. Thaj'er, who had been established 
in the E(|uital)le Building since 1877. On the 
death of Mr. Thayer Mr. ^Vhitcomb succeeded to 
the business, and soon developed it to even larger 
proportions. The firm of Whitcomb, Weed, & Co. 
was formed, and the original offices of Mr. Thayer 
were occupied until the ist of April, 1891. Then 
their increased business necessitated removal to the 
suite of five offices at No. 38, on the same floor of 
the Equitable Building. These pleasant rooms ex- 
tend along the entire Federal street side of the 
building, and have two large windows on Milk street. 
The firm's specialty is the sale and leasing of down- 
town real estate in the wholesale and retail districts. 
They have control of a large number of buildings, 
making the leases and collecting the rents. They 
also do an extensive business in Brookline real 
estate. Mr. Weed, the second partner, is a native 
of Malone, N.Y., a graduate of Dartmouth (class of 
1872) and of the Albany I,aw School; he practised 
in Malone and subsequently was admitted to the 
Massachusetts as well as the New York courts. 
Lawrence Whitcomb, the junior member, was edu- 
cated in the Roxbury Latin School, and before 
entering the firm had for ten years been identified 
with the shoe and leather trade. 

WnriK., WujJA.M Allen, M.D., son of \\'illiam A. 
White, was born in Ware, N.H., May 2, 1S63. He 
was educated in the high school of Concord, N.H., 
and graduated from the Boston College of Physi- 
cians and Surgeons in April, 1890. Since that time 
he has been in general practice in Boston. He is 
instructor in the theory and practice of medicine in 
the College of Physicians and Surgeons, and is lect- 
urer in the Boston Dental School in materia medica 



and therapeutics. Dr. White is also visiting physi- 
cian to the Suttolk I)ispensar\, which i>osition he 




has held for two years. He conducts a drug-store at 
No. 150 Friend street, at which place he also has 
an office. He is a member of the Massachusetts 
Medical Society. 

Whitk, W. H., was born in that part of the town 
of Wobiirn now Winchester, Mass., Oct. 26, 1829. 
His ancestry on both sides were of the pure New 
England type. His father, Col. Samuel B., was 
first treasurer of the town of Winchester, and was 
also the first commander of the Woburn Mechanics' 
Phalanx, a military organization of prominence for 
the past sixty years. W. H. White obtained his 
education in the public- schools and the academy of 
Woburn. Upon leaving school at the age of sixteen 
he entered the employ of Joel Whitney, machinist. 
From Whitney's he went to the locomotive shops of 
the Boston & Lowell Railroad, in E^ast Cambridge, 
and was soon promoted to engineer, running his 
engine between Boston and Lowell. Shortly after- 
wards he accepted a position on the Erie Rail- 
road, at Hornellsville, N.Y. There he became fore- 
man of locomotive shops, and later was advanced 
to the position of assistant master-mechanic at Dun- 
kirk, N.Y., being then but twenty-one years of age. 
While in this position he was offered a partnershij) 
in the mahogany business in his native town, which 



448 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



he accepted, and for a few years did a very profita- 
ble trade, when the mill was burned, entailing a 
heavy loss. Subsequently he entered the leather 
business. He built a tannery at Winchester, and 
for several years conducted this enterprise, until it 
was stopped by the depression of 1857. The fol- 
lowing year he went to Montreal, where he planned 
and constructed large leather- works for a Boston 
firm, being principal manager for several years, and 
doing a successful business ; but his deep-seated 
American ideas induced him to retrace his steps, 
and in 1863 he established his family in Lowell. He 
was at this period of his busy life still a young man, 
full of resources. For some years he had made the 
manufacture of glove leather his careful study, and 
engaging in this work, he soon attained an enviable 
reputation for the quality of his productions. In 
course of time he further increased the business 
by adding glo\e manufacture. Thus far he had 
been without a partner, but in 1867 he took with 
him a brother, and later a Mr. Kilburn, and estab- 
lished the firm of White Bros. & Kilburn, as glove 
and leather manufacturers. The quality of the 
product took the highest rank with the best New 
England trade, which in a measure had been cut 
off through the Civil \\'ar from imported goods of 
this character. Subsequently the firm was recon- 
structed as White Bros. & .Sons, and engaged in the 
manufacture of fancy leathers. This style continued 
until 1887, when the firm was again reorganized, 
this time under the name of White Bros. & Co., 
which included the senior partner and his three 
sons ; viz., Edward L., Henry Kirke, and William 
T. White. Edward L., the eldest son, had already 
been a partner in the old concern, and as such 
had taken a leading part in the conduct and man- 
agement of the business, for which his marked skill 
and ability justly qualified him. Under his leader- 
ship and that of their experienced father, the 
younger brothers early developed superior business 
qualifications, and the house soon built up a very 
extensive and profitable business. The goods 
which they manufacture are of extraordinary deli- 
cacy of finish, and are made in various grades and 
colors, under a process known only to their house. 
They have already established agencies in the lead- 
ing centres of Europe ; viz., London and North- 
aminon, Paris, Frankfort, and Vienna, and in Sydney 
and Melbourne, Australia. At home their produc- 
tions are in demand, not only for boots and shoes, 
but for pocketbooks, piano and organ manu- 
facturers, upholsterers, decorators ; and they are 
ada])ted to many of the art imlustries. This firm 
were the largest jjruducers in this country of alli- 



gator and lizard skins at the time when these skins 
were popular, and among their latest novelties has 
been their ooze leather, produced in various colors 
and finish much resembling silk jilush or velvet. 
The factories of the Messrs. White are in Lowell ; 
their working capacity is ecjual to some five thou- 
sand skins per day the year round. Mr. White is 
a gentleman of refined and cultivated tastes, of 
amiable disposition, and of a generous and philan- 
thropic spirit. He commands and enjoys the good- 
will and esteem of his townsmen. He is not a 
politician, nor does he seek public offices ; he has 
already been a member of the Lowell city govern- 
ment, which has satisfied his ambition. 

\VHrjMoRK, Wii.i.iAM H., was born in Dorchester 
Sept. 6, 1S36. His active life has been passed in 
Boston, where he received instruction in the public 
schools and the high and Latin schools. He started 
in business life in 1859, with the firm of E. F.Jones 
& Whitmore, but this concern was dissolved in i860. 
Later he became a partner of C. O. Whitmore & 
Sons, with which house he remained until 1865. At 
present he is engaged in the mining and smelting 
business. Mr. Whitmore has long been prominently 
identified with city politics, and for eight years 
was a member of the common council, president 
of that body in 1879. He is a prime mover in 
many Democratic circles, and, although not always 
conspicuous before the public, his judgment and 
foresight are often appealed to, and his advice 
followed. He has also been prominent in the 
field of literature, and has a wide reputation for 
accurate and careful work in historical writings. He 
has received the honorary degree of Master of Arts 
from Har\^ard and Williams. For fifteen years he 
has been one of the commissioners of public records 
of Boston, and still holds this important position. 
Mr. Whitmore is a genial man socially, and ever 
ready to assist others with his vast store of historical 
information. 

Whitney, Henry M., son of James ScoUy and 
Laurinda (Collins) Whitney, was born in Conway, 
Mass., Oct. 22, 1 84 1. He was educated in the 
public schools and in the Easthampton Seminary. 
He began his business career as a clerk in the Con- 
way bank, where he remained three years. Then he 
came to Boston and was for a short time a clerk in 
the Bank of Mutual Redemption. Afterwards he 
was clerk in the navy agent's office for a year, — 
i860, — and then was engaged in the shipping bus- 
iness in New York city. In 1S66 he returned to 
Boston as agent for the Metropolitan Steamship 



^ 




^^^^^^^■^.-^c ^^r^ 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



449 



Company; in iSyghe was made presidenl of the 
con)]ian\', which position he still holds (1892). In 
1887 he was elected president of the West End 
Street Railway Company, and then began his nota- 
ble career as the head of the great corporation which 
has revolutionized the street-car system of Boston. 
Having secured control of all the old lines and con- 
siderably extended them, the West F]nd is now the 
largest street-railway in the worki. In 1889 Mr. 
Whitney introduced electric cars run by the over- 
head trolley system, and in i8go obtained a charter 
for an elevated railroad. Then, a rapid-transit com- 
mission having been created by the Legislature to 
inquire into the whole question, further development 
of the West End system in this direction was for the 
time suspended. Mr. Whitney is also president of 
the Hancock Inspirator Company. He was mar- 
ried Oct. 3, 1878, in Brookline, to Miss Margaret F. 
Green; they have four children; Ruth Bowman, 
Elinor (ireen, Laura Collins, and James Scolly 
Whitney. 

WHrrNKV, James Lyman, son of Josiah Dwight 
and Clarissa (James) Whitney, was born in North- 
ampton, Mass., Nov. 28, 1835. His early education 
was obtained in the Northampton Collegiate Institu- 
tion, and then he attcndeil \;ile College, from which 
he graduated in 185 0, an<l Berkeley Scholar of the 
House 1856-7. 'I'hen for some time he was libra- 
rian of the Brothers in LTnity, Yale College, and 
afterwards assistant librarian of the Cincinnati 
Public Library. From 1858 to 1868 he was a book- 
seller in Springfield, Mass., and from 1870 to 1887 
he had an interest in the same business. In 1869 
he entered tlu- scr\iie of the Boston Public Library, 
and is now princ i]ial assistant librarian in charge of 
its cataloi,nu; dc] Kirtment ; is editor of the Ticknor 
Cat;il(i.uue, ;in(l otlur ( :Ualogues and bulletins of the 
library; :ilso editor of the "Handbook for Readers 
in the Boston Public Library." Mr. Whitney was 
chairman of the school committee of Concord, 
Mass., from 1879 to 1887 ; is secretary of the library 
committee of the Concord Free Public Library; 
chairman of the book committee of the Bostonian 
Society ; and treasurer of the American Library Asso- 
ciation. 

WHrriiN, |(iHX Chadwick, master of Suffolk County 
House of Correction, South Boston, was born in 
Hingham Aug. 21, 1S28. He obtained his educa- 
tion in the pul.lic m hools of that town. After leav- 
ing school he was eni|iloyed as clerk in a retail 
grocery store in Boston, and afterwards in a whole- 
sale store, where he remained until 1862, when he 



entered the army with the Forty-third Regiment as 
lieutenant-colonel. He was mustered out in July, 
1863, at the expiration of his term of service. 
Before he went out to the field he was in command 
of Company A, Second Battalion Infantry, Massa- 
chusetts Militia (the Tigers), at I'ort Warren, April, 
i86i, for four weeks. In the winter of 1S63 he was 
superintendent of recruiting in l^lymouth county. 
In April, 1864, he was lieutenant-colonel, command- 
ing the F"ifty-eighth Regiment Volunteers, remaining 
in the service until he was finally mustered out, 
July, 1865. On the isl of September, 1865, he 
was appointed chief clerk in the Boston city audi- 
tor's office, which position he held until Sept. 15, 
1873, when he took charge of the institutions on 
Deer and Rainsford Islands. Here he remained till 
August, 1876. In the spring of 1877 he was ap- 
pointed treasurer and steward of the Reformatory 
Prison for Women, and this position he held two and 
a half years. From 1880 to 1883 he was superin- 
tendent of the Boston and Hingham Steamboat 
Line. In 1884 he was api)ointed to his former place 
in charge of institutions on Deer Island, which he 
held until March, 1889, when he was transferred to 
his present position as master of the House of Cor- 
rection. Mr. Whiton is a member of the Colum- 
liian Lodge of Masons, of the Loyal Legion, and 
of Post 15, G.A.R. 

\\i(;(;ix, John William, son of.\ndrew J. Wiggin, 
was born in Lowell, Mass., Feb. 8, 1837. He is a 
lineal descendant, on the paternal side, of Gov. 
Thomas Wiggin, who came from the west of Eng- 
land in 1 63 1 and settled in Stratham, N.H. ; and 
on the maternal siilc, of lolm Hoyt, who also came 
from F'ngland aliont the ninlille of the seventeenth 
century :ind settled 111 Silisbury, Mass. Governor 
\\ iggin (a me to New H:ini|>shire :is agent of the 
English proprietors of the " L'|)per Plantation," 
embracing Dover, Durham, Stratham, and a part 
of Newington and Greenland. After spending two 
years here he visited England on business, and, as 
Governor Winthrop says, "by his good testimony 
in behalf of the Massachusetts Colony he did much 
to avert the evils that threatened it." John Hoyt 
of Salisbury was also a chosen leader among the 
earlier settlers of that ancient town, holding offices 
(jf trust for many years. John William Wiggin was 
educated in the Lowell ]mblic schools. He was 
first employed in the Lowell mills as a "bobbin 
boy," and later engaged with the Lowell Carpet 
Company as a wood machinist. In 1864 he be- 
came superintendent for Flint i\: Hall, of Boston, in 
the construction of portable houses, and he con- 



450 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



tinued in this line of business for that and another 
firm until June, 1870, when he was appointed 
deputy-surveyor under Cien. (leorge \V. Cram, 
surveyor-general of lumber for Massachusetts. Upon 
the retirement of (leneral Cram in 1884, Mr. Wig- 
gin was appointed surveyor-general for the term of 
three years. He was reappointed by Governor 
Ames, and still holds the position. During the 
winter of 1888 he was engaged by the Pennsyl- 
vania Lumber Storage Company of Bradford, Pa., 
and, as inspector-general, organized for it a valuable 
system for the inspection, piling, and shipment of 
lumber, which was new to that region. General 
W'iggin has held various positions of responsibility 
in the higher grade of fraternal organizations. 

Wii.i.ARii, Kdwaki) a., son of Joseph A. and 
Penelope (Cot:hran) Willard, was born in Cam- 
bridge, Mass., Nov. 7, 1844. He received his 
education in the public schools. When about six- 
teen years of age he entered the wholesale dry- 
goods business in Boston, as a clerk, and there 
remained a little over a year. Shortly after reach- 
ing seventeen he enlisted in the Forty-fourth Regi- 
ment Massachusetts Volunteers, for the period of 
nine months, and was sent to Newberne, N.C., 
where the regiment was attached to the command 
under General Foster. Participating in all the 
battles in which the regiment was engaged, and 
returning to Cambridge in 1863, he soon reenlisted, 
this time in the Eleventh Massachusetts Light Bat- 
tery for three years, Capt. (now Major) Edward L 
Jones commanding, which was assigned to the Ninth 
Army Corps under General Burnside, then attached 
to the Army of the Potomac under General Grant. 
Starting in the campaign of 1864, he was present 
at the battles of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold 
Harbor, etc., and all the battles around Petersburg 
and Richmond, up to the surrender of Lee in 1865. 
Again returning to Cambridge in the fall of this 
year, he entered the money-order department of the 
Boston post-office, John (i. Palfrey then being post- 
master. There he remained for about a year and a 
half, during the latter part of the time under the 
then newly-appointed postmaster, William L. Burt. 
Some time during the year 1867 he entered the 
clerk's office of the Superior Court. Here he re- 
mained until the present jury waived, or third session 
of said court, as it is now called, was created, when, 
in February, 1877, he was appointed by the court, 
as second assistant clerk, to take charge of that 
session. That position he held until January, 1890, 
when he was appointed first assistant clerk, to take 
the place made vacant by the death of the former 



assistant. Mr. Willard's father is the present clerk of 
the .Superior Court ; his grandfather was Sidney Wil- 
lard, at one time a professor in Harvard College and 
afterwards mayor of Cambridge, and his great-great- 
grandfather was president of Harvard. He is also 
related to Maj. Solomon Willard, who fought in the 
Revolutionary War, and also to Solomon and .\aron 
Willard, the makers of famous clocks, and Solomon 
Willard, the designer of Bunker Hill Monument. 
On his mother's side he is related to Peter Faneuil. 
Mr. Willard's residence is in Cambridge. 

NVii.i.ARii, Joseph Augl'.s 1 l's, son of Sidney and 
Elizabeth (.Andrews) Willard, was born in Cam- 
bridge, Mass., Sept. 29, 1816. After studying for 
a time in the \\'estford Academy and the Cam- 
bridge Latin School, he was prepared for college 




JOSEPH A. WILLARD. 

under the able instruction of James Freeman Clarke 
and Ralph ^V'aldo Emerson. He did not then 
enter college, but in 1830 went to sea. Return- 
ing at the end of eight years he resumed his 
studies with his father, who had formerly been a 
professor at Harvard University. In 1846 he en- 
tered the office of the clerk of the Court of Com- 
mon Pleas, and two years later, in addition to his 
other duties, was appointed deputy sheriff by 
Sheriff Joseph Eveleth. He was admitted to the 
Suffolk bar in 1854, and the following year was 
appointed to the office of assistant clerk of the 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



45- 



Superior Court of the County of Suffolk. In 
1859 he was appointed assistant clerk of the 
present Superior Court, and in 1865 clerk of the 
Superior Court, appointed by the court to fill a 
vacancy. He has received a reelection every term 
since. His present term will e.xpire in 1897. Mr. 
Willard is prominent in Masonic affairs, and is a 
member of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery 
Company. He numbers among his ancestors men 
who have been prominent in the history of the State 
for generations ; among them Joseph and Samuel 
Willard were each president of Harvard University, 
and his father was librarian and professor of Oriental 
languages and Latin in the same institution. His 
great-great-grandmother, on his mother's side, was 
Anne Dudley, more familiarly known in history as 
Anne Bradstreet, wife of Gov. Simon Bradstreet. 

WiLLi.iMS, Fred. Homer, son of Virgil Homer 
and Nancy Reed (Briggs) Williams, was born in 
Foxborough, Mass., Jan. 7, 1857. He was edu- 
cated in the Foxborough schools and at Brown 
University, from which he graduated in the class 
of 1877. For two years after his graduation he 
taught school in East Medway (now Millis). He 
was admitted to the bar Sept. 18, 1882, and has 
since practised his profession in Boston, his office 
at No. 53 Tremont street. He was a member of 
the lower house of the Legislature in 1883 and 
1884. Mr. Williams was married July 19, 1881, 
to Miss Julia Annette Blake ; they have one child, 
Harold P. Williams. 



for that firm volumes ten to seventeen of the " An- 
nual United States Digest." He was for three 
years a member of the Dedham school committee. 
He began active participation in politics as a Re- 
publican in 1882, and in 1883 organized the Nor- 
folk Republican Club, which was and now is one 
of the largest political clubs in the State. Li the 
summer of 1884 he joined the Independent move- 
ment, and was one of the committee on resolutions 
in the Independent convention held at New York. 
Appointed by the Massachusetts Committee of One 
Hundred one of its executive committee, he was 
in August selected as chairman of that committee 
which conducted the State campaign. In 1886 he 
was elected to the lower house of the Legislature, 
where he took an active part as a Democrat. In 
1890 he was elected to the fifty-second Congress 
from the Ninth Massachusetts District, succeeding a 
Republican, Hon. John W. Candler. His political 
work has been done in connection with constant 
work in the profession of the law, which he has 
practised mainly in the courts of Boston. He has 
been for several years a member of the executive 
committee of the Massachusetts Reform Club, and 
has served as secretary and on the executive com- 
mittee of the Dartmouth Alumni Association of 
Boston. He is now president of the Dartmouth 
Club of Boston. In 1886 he delivered the Fourth 
of July oration in Boston by invitation of the city, 
and in 1889 delivered an address before the faculty 
and students of Dartmouth College, on the centen- 
nial anniversary of the inauguration of Washington. 



Williams, Ceorge Fred., son of Oeorge \\'illianis 
and Henrietta ( Rice ) \\'illiams, was born in Ded- 
ham, Mass., July 10, 1852. His maternal ances- 
tors are of old Massachusetts stock, and his paternal 
ancestors were German and French. He was 
educated in private schools until he entered the 
high school in Dedham. In 1868 he entered Dart- 
mouth College. At the end of his freshman year 
he went to Germany, where he studied in Hamburg 
for six months, and spent the next year at the uni- 
versities in Heidelberg and Berlin. Making up the 
college studies of sophomore and junior year in the 
spring and summer of 187 1, he reentered his class 
at Dartmouth and graduated in 1872. In the winter 
of 1872 and 1873 he taught school in West Brewster, 
Mass., and in the spring and summer of 1S73 was 
a reporter of the " Boston Globe." He studied 
law in the Boston University Law School, and was 
admitted to the Suffolk bar in October, 1875. 
Subsequently Little, Brown, & Co. published his 
volume of " Massachusetts Citations," and he edited 



Williams, Harold, M.D., was born in Brookline, 
Mass., Dec. 5, 1S54. He was educated in the 
public schools of Brookline and at Harvard Col- 
lege, graduating A.B. in 1875, from the Medical 
School M.D. in 1878. Then he went abroad, 
spending one year in Vienna, six months in Paris, 
and six months as surgical interne in the London 
Hospital. He returned to Boston in 1880, and has 
since practised his profession here. He also prac- 
tises during the summer at Nantucket. He is 
physician to children at the Boston Dispensary. 
He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical 
Society, of the Boston Society for Medical Improve- 
ment, and of the Boston Society for Medical Ob- 
servation. He has been a frequent contributor to 
the medical journals, some of his more noteworthy 
papers being on " Caesarean Section and High F"or- 
ceps " (" American Journal of Obstetrics"), "Cli- 
matic Treatment of Phthisis " (" Medical and Sur- 
gical Journal " ) , and " A Case of Hodgkins' Disease " 
(" Medical and Surgical Journal "). Dr. Williams is 



452 



BOSTON OF TO -DAY. 



also the author of several works of fiction. He was 
married June 27, 1876, to Miss Alice Louise, 
granddaughter of the late George B. Gary, of 
Boston. 

Williams, John J., son of Michael and Ann 
(Egan) Williams, was born in Boston April 27, 
1822. His education began in Mrs. Newmanh's 
kindergarten school. Then he was for some time 
a pupil of Father Fulton, and at the age of eleven 
was sent to St. Sulpice GoUege, Montreal, Ganada, 
where he studied about eight years. In 1841 he 
went to Paris and entered the seminary of St. Sul- 
pice. At the age of twenty-three he was ordained a 
priest, and returning to Boston he officiated in the 
old cathedral on Franklin street, where the cathe- 
dral building now stands. In 1S55 he was appointed 
rector of the cathedral, and there he remained until 
1857, when he was appointed pastor of St. James 
Church, Albany street. The same year he was made 
vicar-general, and during the last years of Bishop 
Fitzpatrick's episcopate he administered the diocese. 
In 1866, on the 19th of January, he was appointed 
coadjutor of the bishop of Boston with the right of 
succession ; and by the death of Bishop Fitzpatrick 
he became bishop of Boston, consecrated on the nth 
of March, that year. In 1866 he assisted at the 
Plenary Gouncil of Baltimore, and in 1869-70 at 
the (£cumenical Council held in Rome. He has 
been connected with many good works in Boston. 
He was instrumental in the establishment of the 
House of the Good Shepherd, the Redemptorist and 
Oblate Fathers, the Little Sisters of the Poor, and 
the Infant Asylum. He also reorganized and en- 
larged the Home for Destitute Children, founded the 
CathoHc Union, and led the movement for the build- 
ing of the present great cathedral at the junction of 
Washington and Union Park streets. The first sod 
of the cathedral lot was turned April 27, 1866, on 
Bishop Williams' forty-fourth birthday, and the build- 
ing was completed and dedicated Dec. 8, 1875. In 
that year (1875) Boston was created an arch- 
bishopric, and Bishop Williams was made the first 
archbishop on the 12th of February. On the 2d of 
May the ceremony of conferring the pallium of an 
archbishop upon him took place in the new cathe- 
dral, which, being yet unfinished, was temporarily 
fitted for the occasion. 'I'he brilliant and solemn 
ceremony was before all the bishops of the ecclesi- 
astical province of New York, the clergy of this and 
neighboring dioceses, and a great congregation of 
six thousand persons. Bishop McNeirney, of Albany, 
celebrated the solemn high mass. Bishop Goesbriand 
preached the sermon, and the pallium, which had 



been brought from Rome by an ablegate of the Pope, 
Mons. Csesar Roncetti, accompanied by his sec- 
retary, Dr. LTbalbi, and by a nobleman of the Papal 
Guard, Count Marefoschi, was conferred upon the 
new archbishop by Cardinal McCloskey, of New 
\ork. 

Wii.MiN, William P(iwlr, son of James Hamilton 
and Margaret McKim (Marriott) Wilson, was born 
in Baltimore, Md., Nov. 15, 1852. His paternal 
great-grandfather was William ^\'ilson, who was born 
in Limerick, Ire., in 1750, came to America in 
1773, founded the house of William Wilson & Sons 
in Baltimore, was for seventeen years president of 
the Bank of Baltimore, served one term in the Marj'- 
land Legislature, and was grand-uncle of W. W. 
Corcoran, the Washington philanthropist, who was 
named after him. The maternal grandfather of 
William Power was William H. Marriott, a lawyer by 
profession, who was speaker of the Maryland house 
of delegates 1824-5, and collector of the port 
of Baltimore 1844-9, being appointed Nov. 22, 
1844, and serving until May 31, 1849. And Mrs. 
Margaret Duncan, who built the "Vow" church in 
Philadelphia, was Mr. Wilson's great-great-great- 
grandmother through his maternal grandmother. 
\Villiam Power Wilson was educated at Phillips 
(Andover) Academy, at Harvard College one year, 
and at the Harvard Law School three years. He 
received the degree of LL.B. from the latter in 
1877, and soon after was admitted to the Suffolk 
bar and began practice in Boston. He has been 
prominent in municipal and State politics since 
his first appearance in the common council in 
1886. He was a member of that body two years, 
1886-7, '^nd took a leading part in its proceed- 
ings. In December, 1887, he was elected an alder- 
man and served in the board three years, — 188S, 
iS8g, 1890, — the last year as chairman. Then he 
was elected to the lower house of the Legislature, in 
which he served one term (1891) in leading posi- 
tions. During 1891 he was president of the Repub- 
lican city committee. He is a member of a number 
of local organizations, including the Union and St. 
Botolph Clubs. In 1880 he received the honorary 
degree of Master of Arts from Dartmouth College. 
Mr. Wilson was married April 30, 1884, to Miss 
Louise Keith Kimball. 

Windsor, Sarah Sweet, M.D., was born in Smith- 
field, R.I., Aug. 10, 1863. Her early education 
was obtained in Greenville, and in the Providence, 
R.I., High School. Then she entered the Boston 
Universitv, and took the courses in the College of 




r^ 



^^'^Wi? V>- ^r^C^^ 



f 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



453 



Liberal Arts and the School of Medicine. After 
graduating from the latter, in 1885, she spent a 
year in the Massachusetts Homceopathic Hospital 
as house surgeon, and then went abroad. There 
she studied in Vienna, Paris, and Freiburg. Re- 
turning to Boston in 1887, she began the practice 
of her profession. Her specialty is obstetrics, and 
she is assistant in obtitetrirs in the Boston University 
School of Medii inc. She is j member of the Boston 
Homoeopathii Mcdii .il Six icly. 

WiNGATE, J.AiMF.s ]., was bom in Gorham, Me., 
June 4, 1837. He came to Boston in 1854, and 
was employed by the old house of Charles S. 
Burgess & Co., painters and decorators, on Havvley 
street, until i860. Then, in company with the late 
Thomas H. Burgess, brother of Charles S., he suc- 
ceeded to the business, under the firm name of 
Burgess & Wingate. In 1866 Mr. Wingate with- 
drew from the firm, and since then has been in 
business on his own account. He has decorated 
many of the largest public buildings and private 
residences in Boston and vicinity, notably the Hotel 
Brunswick, the Boylston, Hospital Life, Fiske, new 
State Street Exchange, Telephone and Equitable 
Buildings, and the new Court House, and their 
handsome interiors testify to his artistic taste and 
ability. He is an active member of the Master 
Builders' Association, one of the board of trustees 
in 1886 and 1887, vice-president in 1888, 1889, 
and 1890, and president in 1891. 

Wood, Charles CiRKENi.EAF, son of David and 
Dolly (Greenleaf) Wood, natives of Newburyport, 
was born in that city July 28, 1822. His father was 
a graduate of Harvard in 18 14 and afterwards a sea 
captain. The son was educated at Dummer Academy 
and came to Boston in 1838. Here he obtained a 
position as clerk for John Wetherell in the dry- 
goods business, and later became his partner, under 
the firm name of Wetherell, Stone, & Wood. Mr. 
Wetherell died in 1854, and subsecjuently the firm 
of Stone, Wood, & Baldwin was established, later 
changed to Stone, Wood, & Co. Mr. Wood retired 
in 1867, and travelled abroad for a year and' a 
half. In 1875 he became treasurer of the John 
Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company, a posi- 
tion he still holds. He is a member of the board 
of government of the Homieopathic Hospital, and 
was treasurer for five years. He was treasurer of 
the American Unitarian Association also for five 
years. He is an active member of Rev. Edward 
E. Hale's church, and was a member of the standing 
committee for twenty-six years. In politics he is 



Repul)lican. He is a member of the Art Club, vice- 
liresident two years and president three years. He 
was married in 1847, to Miss Sarah H., daughter of 
the late John W. Bradlee, of Boston. She died in 
1852. They had two children: Elizabeth Bradlee, 
now wife of Francis R. Allen, architect, Boston, and 
Charles G. W^ood, who married a daughter of ex- 
I.ieutenant-Governor Knight, of Massachusetts, and 
is in business in New Wjrk city. 

WooDBURV, Isaac F., was born in Salem, N.H., 
Oct. 31, 1849. He learned his trade as mason and 
builder of the well-known firm of Standish & Wood- 




ISAAO F. WOODBURY. 

bury. In 1875 he formed a co|iartnership with 
George E. Leighton, under the firm name of Wood- 
bury & Leighton, and they have become one of 
the most important building-concerns in the city. 
Their large workshop and extensive lumber-yard 
on Maiden street are thoroughly equipped for 
mason and carpenter work of every description, 
and they employ from two hundred to five hundred 
workmen. They are the builders of the new 
Public Library on Copley square, and the Harvard 
Medical School Building, next it on Boylston street ; 
of a large number of down-town business buildings, 
notably several of the new structures on Kingston 
street, the Boylston Building on Washington and 
Boylston streets, the John H. Pray Building, and the 
Farlow Building on State street ; of numerous pri- 



454 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



vate residences on the Back Bay ; the St. Stephen's 
Church in Lynn; and many other fine structures. 
They are also the owners of the plant of the Mil- 
ford Pink Granite Co., of Milford, who received 
the diploma at the Charitable Mechanic Exhibition 
of 1890, for the beauty and fineness of texture of 
their granite. Of this material the Public Library 
and the Eliot Church are built. Mr. Woodbury is 
a member of the Master Builders' and of the Char- 
itable Mechanic Associations. He was married in 
1873, to Miss Emma F. Woodbury, and resides in 
Allston, with his family of seven children. 

W(K)us, Solomon Adams, son of Colonel Nathaniel 
and Hannah (Adams) Woods, was born in Farm- 
ington. Me., Oct. 7, 1827. On the paternal side 
he is descended from Samuel Woods, an original 
landed proprietor of Groton, Mass., where the 
family long lived; and on the maternal side in 
the sixth generation from Captain Samuel Adams, 
magistrate and representative of Chelmsford, Mass., 
in its first half-century. Mr. Woods' paternal 
grandfather was a pioneer at Farmington, and his 
father a leading man in the town. The son was 
brought up on a good farm, and attained his edu- 
cation in the district school and at the Farmington 
Academy, .^t the age of twenty he engaged with a 




SOLOMON A. WOODS 



to Massachusetts to purchase machinery for the 
manufacture of doors, sashes, and blinds, his purpose 
being to erect a mill in his native town and to enter 
this business in partnership with his former employer. 
Instead, however, of carrying out this plan he en- 
gaged in the same business in Boston, as a journey- 
man, with Solomon S. Gray. Within the first year 
Mr. Woods purchased the plant, and on the ist of 
January, 1852, went into the manufacture on his own 
account. In 1854 he entered into partnership with 
Mr. Gray, under the firm name of Gray & Woods, 
for the manufacture and sale of a wood-planing 
machine, originally designed by Mr. Gray, but ren- 
dered more practical by the inventions of Mr. 
Woods. This partnership continued for five years, 
during which period additional improvements were 
patented. In 1865 Mr. Woods' business, then 
conducted under his name alone, was considerably 
extended by the addition of the manufacture of the 
Woodbury planer, with the Woodbury patented im- 
provements, of which he was the sole licensee ; and 
to meet its demands, he erected manufacturing 
works in South Boston, and established branch 
houses in New York and Chicago. Eight years 
after, in 1873, the S. A. Woods Machine Company, 
with a capital of three hundred thousand dollars, 
was formed, Mr. Woods as president. This position 
he still holds. More than fifty patents for devices 
and improvements in machines for planing wood 
and making mouldings have been issued to the suc- 
< cssive firms of Gray & Woods, S. A. Woods, and 
the S. A. Woods Machine Company, and they have 
received nearly a hundred gold, silver, and bronze 
medals from the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic 
Association and other similar institutions. Mr. 
Woods has been a member of the Boston common 
council (i86g, 1870, and 1871), in which he 
served on important committees and took a leading 
part; in 1870 and 1871 he was a director of the 
East Boston ferries; and in 1878 he declined a 
nomination to the board of aldermen, pressed upon 
him by both the Republican and Citizens' parties. 
Since 1870 he has been a trustee of the South Boston 
Savings Bank, and for many years a member of its 
board of investment. Mr. W'oods was married in 
Boston, Aug. 21, 1854, to Miss Sarah E^lizabeth 
Weathern, of Vienna, Me. She died in 1862, and 
he was again married, in 1867, to Miss Sarah 
Catharine Watts, of Boston. He has three children : 
Frank Forrest, Florence, and Frederick Adams 
Woods. 



local cariientt-r to leai 
trade of house-building. 



if tools and the 
rs later he came 



ORTH, Dwi 



I,. (Re 



:kv, M.D., son of 
I) Woodworth, was 



BOSTON OF TO-DA^'. 



455 



born in Greenfield, 
parents mo\-ed to Fi 



Mass., 
nnont, 



Sept. ,^, 1S51 
)., when he \va 




WOODWORTf 



young, and there he obtained his early education in 
the public schools. When he was but fourteen years 
old his father died, leaving the family in somewhat 
straitened circumstances. He then " hired out " 
to a grocer, working noons and evenings for his 
board and clothes, with the privilege of attending 
school. He remained in the West, engaged suc- 
cessively in the grocery, clothing, and dry-goods 
trade, until 1870, when he came to Boston and 
entered the employ of C. F. Hovey & Co. While 
here he began the study of medicine. Removing 
to Fitchburg in 1873, he continued his studies 
there with Dr. H. H. Brigham. Then he studied 
in the College of Physicians and Surgeons in New 
York city, and graduating in the class of 1876, 
he returned to Fitchburg and at once began the 
practice of his profession. From 1879 to 1S86 
he served as city physician of Fitchburg. He is 
now niedii.al director of the Massachusetts Mutual 
Aid Society, medical examiner of numerous secret 
societies, and surgeon of the board of examiners 
for pensions. He is a member of the Massachu- 
setts Medical Society. He belongs to a number 
of the social and benevolent organizations of Fitch- 
burg, and is especially prominent in the Masonic 
and Odd Fellows orders. He has been a member 
of the school board, and its president ; also presi- 



dent of the common council, and of the board 
of overseers of the poor. Dr. \\'oodworth was 
married Sept. 25, 1875, in Fitchburg, to Miss 
Emma L., adopted daughter of Dr. H. H. Brig- 
ham ; they have two children, Laura A. and Ethel 
A. Woodworth. 

WoRiHEN, Albert Parker, son of Samuel K. 
and Sarah F. (Parker) Worthen, was born in 
Bridgewater, N.H., Sept. 8, 1861. He attained 
his education in the town schools of Bristol, N.H., 
and the New Hampton Institute, from which he 
graduated in 1881. He studied law in the Bos- 
ton University Law School. Graduating in 1885, 
he was admitted to the bar the same year. Since 
that time he has jiractised his profession, with 
offices in Boston and Weymotith. Mr. Worthen is 
unmarried. 

Wkichi', George, son of Samuel and Ann (Tone) 
Wright, was born in Harlem (New York city), in 
1847. He was educated in the public schools, and 
began his business career as clerk in a down-town 
office when a lad of fourteen. At a later period he 
took up ball-playing, and in course of time, when 
yet a young man, became a noted athlete and base- 
ball iilaver. He has been a member of the L^nion 



^^ 




GEORGE WRIGHT. 



456 



BOSTON OF TO-DAY. 



equalled. He is now of the well-known Boston 
firm of Wright & Ditson, dealers in athletic goods. 
Mr. Wright was married in 1872, to Miss Abbie 
A. Coleman ; they have four children : Lillie A., 
Georgiana, Beals Coleman, and Irving Cloutman 
Wright. 

WvMAX, Hkn'rv A., was born in Skowhegan, Me., 
Feb. 3, 1 86 1. He received his early education in 
his native place. At the age of fourteen years he 
came to Boston and was employed here in a 
wholesale store. After a few years, having saved 
sufficient money, he went to Baltimore, Md., where 
he studied privately under his uncle. Professor 
Lovejoy, dean of the late Baltimore University. 
He returned to Boston, and was engaged as secre- 
tary to the chief engineer of the Hoosac Tunnel. 
He held this position one year and then entered 
the Michigan University, but remained there only 
a short time, owing to ill-health. In 1883 he en- 
tered the Boston University School of Law, and 
was graduated in 1885, eighth in a class of sixty. 
He was admitted to the bar the same year, from 
the office of Judge Bennett. Afterwards he en- 
tered the office of the attorney-general, first as 
clerk ; then he was made second assistant at- 
torney-general, which place he held during the 
term of Mr. \Vaterman, and finally resigned to 
accept the position of first assistant United States 
district attorney. In the fall of 1889 he was ap- 
pointed lecturer on criminal law in the place of the 
dean at the Boston University Law School. His 
father, Henry A. Wyman, was a lawyer of Maine 
and partner of Hon. Stephen Coburn. Mr. Wyman 
was married in iSgi. 



WOUNG, John Frantis, M.D., son of Neil Young, 
^ was born in Boston Feb. 12, 1854. His gen- 
eral education was begun in the public schools here, 
and continued in Clongowes Wood College, Ireland ; 
then, returning to Boston, he entered the Harvard 
Medical School, and graduated M.D. in 1879. 
Again going abroad, he further pursued his medical 
studies in Dublin, London, and Paris. L^pon his 
return home he was appointed house surgeon to the 
Boston City Hospital. Later he was assistant sur- 
geon of the First Battalion Massachusetts Cavalry. 
In 1885 he was made a trustee of the City Hospi- 
tal. He is a member of the Massachusetts Medical 
Society. Dr. Young was married Sept. 24, 1S84, to 
Miss Caroline M. l!lake, of Boston. 

YoL'Nt;, W1LLI.4M N., was born in Provincetown, 
Mass., July 8, 183 1, and was educated there. He 
came to Boston when a young man, and soon en- 
tered the building and contracting trade as a mem- 
ber of the firm of Ross & Young. When, in 1859, 
Mr. Ross removed to the West, he formed a co- 
partnership with George L. Richardson, who had 
been a member of the firm of Nottage & Richard- 
son, then dissolved, under the firm name of Rich- 
ardson & Young. They have continued together to 
the present time. Their work in Boston has been 
extensive and important, including the construction 
of substantial buildings entire, although their spe- 
cialty is interior finish in woods of all kinds. Mr. 
Young is an active member of the Master Builders' 
Association, and one of the directors of the Chari- 
table Mechanic Association. In 1856 he was mar- 
ried to Miss Betsey M. Small. He resides in the 
Charlestown district. 



INDEX TO BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



Abbott, Josiah G., 120. (ill.) 
Adams, Charles D., 121. 
Adams, Henry S., 1 21. 
Adams, Melvin 0., 121. (ill.) 
Adams, Waldo, 122. 
Aklrich, Henry O., 122. (ill.) 
Aldrich, Samuel N., 123. 
Alger, Alpheus B., 123. 
Alger, Edwin A., 123. (ill.) 
Allen, Frank D., 124. (ill.) 
Allen, Gardner W., 124. 
Alle 
Allen, \\\ 



iUm: 



125. 



125. 



Ames, (Jliver. 125. liU.) . 
Anderson, Elbridge R., 126. 
Andrews, Augustus, 126. 
Andrews, Robert R., 126. 
Andrews, William H. H., 127. (ill.) 
Angell, George T., 127. (ill.) 
ApcUuniu, Nicholas A., 128. 
Arm-iron- Geur-c W., 12S. (ill.) 
Aspinu.ill. William. 129. (ill.) 
Atkinson. r,\run A. 130. 
Atwood, Harrison H., 130. (ill.) 
Avery, Edward, 131. (ill.) 
Ayers, George D., 132. 



Babbitt, George F., 132. 
Babcock, James F., 132. 
Babson, Thomas M., 133. 
Bacon, Edwin M., 133. 
Bacon, Lewis H., 133. 
Bailey, Andrew J., 134, (ill.) 
Bailey, Dudley P., 135. (ill.) 
Bailey. Hollis R., 135. 
Baker, Almena J., 135. 
Baker, Charles 11., 136. (ill.) 
Baker, George T., 136. 
Baker, Henry A., 136. 
Balch. George H.. 137. 
Ball, llcniy 1; , 137. 
Ball, |..sluia K.. 137. (ill.) 
Ball, Josiah W., 137. 
Barnes, Charles M., 138. 
Barnes, Henry J., 138. (ill.) 



Barrett, William E., 138. 
Bartlett, Charles W., 139. 
Bateman, Charles J., 139. (ill.) 
Bates, Phineas, 140. 
Beach, Henry H. A., 140. (ill.) 
Beal, Caleb G., 140. (ill.) 
Beard, Alansun W., 141. 
Belcher, Orlando F., 141. 
Bell, Thomas F., 141. 
Bellows, Howard P., 142. 
Bennett, Edmund H., 142. (ill.) 
Bennett, Frank P., 142. (ill.) 
Bennett, Samuel C., 143. 
Benton, Jusiah II., jr.. 143. (ill.) 
Berry, Jnlm K., 144. 
Besarick, John II., 144. 
Bigelow, George B., 144. 
Bigelow, Jonathan, 144. 
Bigelow, Lyman F., 145. 
Binnev, .Vrthur .\., 145. 
l;n-,l, IV,n, is W., 145. 

r.Ulu.U, lo,q,h, 145. 

l;la>.kall, CLuence H., 146. 
Blackn.ar, W. W., 146. 
Blair, Isaac, 146. (iU.) 
Blake, Francis, 147. (ill.) 
Blake, George F., 148. (ill.) 
Blake, S. Parknian, 149. 
Blake, William P., 149. 
Blanchard, Benjamin S., 149. 
Blood, Hiram A., 149. (ill.) 
Blood, Robert A., 150. 
Blunt, William E., 150. 
Boardman, Halsey J., 150. (ill.) 
Bond, Charles H., 151. (ill.) 
Boothby, Alonzo H., 151. 
Bosson, Albert D., 151. 
Bosworth, Nathaniel, 152. 
Bouve, Walter L., 152. 
Bowen, Henry J., 152. (ill.) 
Brackett, Elliott G., 152. 
BracUett, John Q. A.. I S3, (ill.) 
Bradford, Henry W., 153. 
Bradley, William L., 1^3. (ill.) 
Brady,' Hugh E., 154. ' 
Brechin, William P., 155. (ill.) 
Breed, Francis W., 155. (ill.) 
Breed, Joseph J., 155.(111.) 
Bridgham, Percy A., 156. (ill.) 
Briggs, Frederick M., 156. 



Brigham, Charles, 156. 
Bright, William E., 157. (ill) 
Brine, William 11., 157. (ill.) 
Broderick, Thomas J., 158. 
Brooks, Francis A., 158. (ill.) 
Brooks, George M., 158. 
Brooks, Phillips, 158. 
Brown, Buckminster, 159. 
Brown, Enoch S., 160. (ill.) 
Brown, J. Merrill, 160. 
Bryant, John D., 160. 
Bryant, Lewis L., 160. 
Bryant, Napoleon B., 161. (ill.) 
Buchanan, Joseph R., 162. 
Buckley, Melville B., 162. (ill.) 
BuUard, William N., 163. 
Burdett, Joseph O., 163. (ill.) 
Burke, John H., 163. 
Burnham, Laniont G., 163. (ill.) 
Burns, Mark F., 164. (ill.) 
Burr, Chauncy R., 165. 
Burrage, Walter L., 165. 
Burrell, Herbert L., 165. 
Burrell, Isaac S., 165. 
Burt, George L., l66. (ill.) 
Burt, John H., 166. (ill.) 
Bush, J. F^oster, 167. (ill.) 
Butler, J. Haskell, 167. (ill.) 
Butler, John H., 168. 



Cahill, Charles S., 168. 
Campbell, Charles A., 16S. 
Campbell, Benjamin F., 16S. (ill.) 

Candagc, Rufus C. F„ 109. (ill.) 
Candler, John W.. 170. (ill.) 
Capen, G. Walter, 171. 
Capen, Samuel B., 172.(111.) 
Carleton, Guy H., 172. 
Carney, Michael, 172. 
Carson, Howard A., 1 73. 
Carter, Henry H., 173. 
Carter, Solomon, 173. 
Chamberlain, Myron L., 174. (ill.) 
Chandler, Henry B., 174. , -. 
Chandler, Parker C, 175. 
Chandler, Peleg W., 175. 'i 



458 



Chaiiiller, Thomas H., 176 
Chapin, Charles T., 177. 
Chapin, Nahum, 177. (ill.) 
Chapman, John H., 177. 
Chase, Andrew J., 177. 
Chase, Caleb, 178. Cill.) 
Chase, Horace, 178. (ill.) 
Chenery, Elisha, 178. (ill.) 
Cheney, John E., 180. 
Chil.I, Linus M., I So. (ill.) 
Church. ,\JalineB., iSo. 
Chui.hill, (.arJner A., iSl. (ill.) 
Clapp. ( harlc^ M., iSl. 
Clapp, Duight M., 182. 
Clapp, Herbert C, 182. 
Clapp, James W., 182. 
Clark, Augustus N., 182. 
Clark, Charles E., 182. 
Clark, C. Everett, 183. 
Clark, Chester W , 183. 
Clark, Edward W., 183. (ill.) 
Clarke, Augustus P., 184. (ill.) 
Clarke, Thomas W., 184. 
Clement, Edward H., 185. 
Clements, Thomas W., 185. 
ClitT.inl. llenrv M.. 1S5. (ill.) 



ChlMM.. ( l>, 111, •,!;.. 186. 

Codnian, John T., 1S7. (ill.) 
Coggan, Marcellus, iSS. (ill.) 
Colby, John H., 188. 
Coleman, E. B., 188. (ill.) 
Collins, Patrick A., 189. (ill.) 
Comer, Joseph, 189. 
Conant, William M., 189. 
Connery, Walter J., 190. (ill.) 
Converse, Alfred C, 190. (ill.) 
Converse, Elisha S., 191. 
Cook, John H., 192. 
Cooke, Frederick A., 192. 
Coolidge, Charles A., 192. 
Coolidge, William H., 192. 
Cooney, P. H., 192. 
Corcoran, John W., 192. (ill.) 
Corse, John M., 193. 
Cotter, James E., 193. (ill.) 
Coy, S. Willard, 194. 
Creech, Samuel W., jr., 194. 
Crocker, George G., 194. 
Crocker, John M., 195. 
Cuddihy, John J., 195. 
Culver, Jane K., 196. 
Cunniff, Michael M., 196. (ill.) 
Cunningham, Thomas E., 196. 
Currier, Frank D., 197. 
Curry, George E., 197. (ill.) 
Curtis, Benjamin R., 197. (ill.) 
Gushing, Ernest W., 198. (ill.) 
Gushing, Henry G., 199. 
Gushing, Ira 13„ 199. (ill.) 
Cushman, George T., 200. 
Cutter, Charles K., 200. 
Cutter, Cliarles R., 200, 



Cutter, Dester J., 201 
Cutter, Leonard K., 2 



Dabney, Lewis S., 201. (ill.) 

Dabney, William H., 202. 

Dale, William J., jr., 202. 

Daly, James M., 202 (ill.) 

Dallinger, William W., 202. 

Damon, Cleorge L., 203. (ill.) 

Damrell, Charles S , 204. 

Damrell, John S., 204. (ill.) 

Davis, .Samuel A., 205. (ill.) 

Davis, Thomas W., 205. 

Day, Albert, 205. 

Dean, Benjamin, 206. (ill.) 

Dean, Josiah S., 206. 

Dearborn, Charles E., 206. 

Dennison, George, 207. 

Devens, Charles, 207. (ill.) 

Devine, William IL, 208. 

Dewey, Henry S., 208. 

Dexter, Wallace D., 209. 

Dickinson, Marquis F., jr., 209. (ill.) 

Dillaway, W. E. L., 209. (ill.) 

Disbrow, Robert, 210. 

Ditson, Oliver, 210. (ill.) 

Di.\on, Lewis S., 210. 

Doane, Thomas, 211. 

Dobson, John M., 211. (ill.) 

Dodge, Charles A., 212. 

Dodge, Charles H., 212. (ill.) 

Dodge, J. H., 212. 

Doggett, Frederick F., 213. (ill.) 

Doherty, Philip J., 213. 

Donnelly, Charles F., 213. 

Doogue, William, 214. 

Dore, John P., 214. 

Dorr, Jonathan, 215. 

Dow, James A., 215. 

Dowsley, John F., 215. 

Draper, Henry S., 215. 

Drisko, Alonzo S., 215. 

Duane, John H., 215. 

Dudley, Sanford H.,''2i6. 

Dunn, William A., 216. (ill.) 

Durgin, .Samuel IL, 217. 

Dutton, Samuel L., 217. (ill.) 



Lames, George F., 21S. (ill.) 
Eddy, Otis, 218. 

Edgerly, Martin V. B., 218. (ill.) 
Elder, Charles R., 219, 
Elder, Samuel J., 219. (ill.) 
Elliott, George B., 220. 
Ely, Frederick D., 220 (ill.) 
Emerson, William R., 220. 
Emery, William IL, 221. 
Emmons, Freeman, 221. (ill.) 
Endicott, William C, 221. 
English, James S., 222. 



Ernst, George A. O., 222, (ill.) 
Evans, Alonzo H., 223. 



F, 

Fall, Charles G., 223. 
Faxon, Henry H., 223. (ill.) 
Fee, Thomas, 224. 
Fenderson, Lory B., 224. 
Fisher, Theodore W., 224. 
Fiske, George M., 224. (ill.) 
Fiske, John M., 225. 
Fitch, Robert G., 225. (ill.) 
Fitz, Frank E., 226. 
FitzGerald, Desmond, 226. 
Flood, Thomas W., 226. 
Flower, Benjamin O., 227. (ill.) 
Flower, Richard C, 227. (ill.) 
Floyd, David, 228. 
Flynn, Edward J., 228. 
Fogg, John S. H., 229. 
Fogg. William J. G., 229. 
FoUett, John A., 229. (ill.) 
Folsoni, William .V., 229. (ill.) 
Forsaith, William J., 230. 
Foss, James H., 230. 
Fox, John A., 230. 
French, J. Warren, 230. 
Frink, Alden, 231. 
Frost, George E., 231. 
Frost, Rufus S., 231. (ill.) 
Fuller, Frank S., 232. rill.) 
Fuller, Lorin L., 233. (ill.) 



G. 

Gahm, Joseph, 233. (ill.) 
Gale, William B., 234. 
Gallagher, Charles T., 234. 
Galvin, George W., 234. 
Galvin, John M., 235. (ill.) 
Galvin, Owen A., 235. (ill.) 
Gannett, George, 236. 
Gargan, Thomas J., 236. (ill.) 
Garland, George M., 236. 
Gaston, William, 237. (ill.) 
Gaston, William A., 237. (ill.) 
Gavin, Michael F., 238. 
Gay, George W., 238. (ill.) 
George, Elijah, 238. (ill.) 
Gerrish. James R., 239. 
Oilman, Raymond K., 239. (ilk) 
Gilson, Alfred II., 239. 
Glines, Edward, 239. (ill.) 
Gooch, Joseph L., 240. 
Goodrich, Frederick E., 240. 
Goodspeed, Joseph H., 241. 
Gove, Wesley A., 241. 
Graham, Douglas, 241. 
Graham, John R., 242. (ill.) 
Grainger, William H., 242. (ill.) 
Grant, Melville C, 243. (ill.) 
Graves, Chester H., 243. 
Gray, Orin T., 244. 



459 



Green, Charles M., 244. (ill.) 
Greenough, Francis B., 245. (ill.) 
Grinnell, C. A., 245. 
CUinter, Adolplius 1!., 246. 



H. 

Ilaberstroh, .\lbert, 246. (ill.) 
Hadlock, ILirvey D., 247. (ill.) 
llaile, William H., 248. (ill.) 
Hale, E.lwin B., 248. 
Hall, Buar.lman, 248. (ill.) 
Hall, E. H., 249. 
Hall, William D., 249. 
Halsey, Frederick W., 249. 
Hamlin, Edward S., 250. (ill.) 
Hammer, Charles D., 250. 
Hammond, T'-lm W., 250. (ill.) 
Hammun.l, William P., 251. (ill.) 
Hardin-, Kdu aid M., 251. 
Hardy, John H., 252. 
Harrington, Charles, 252. 
Harrington, Edward T., 252. (ill.) 
Harris, Francis A., 252. 
Hart, Thomas N., 253. (ill.) 
Harvey, John F., 253. 
Harwood, Joseph .\., 253. 
Hassam, John T., 254. (ill.) 
Hastings, Caroline F., 255. 
Hastings, Lewis M.. 355. 
Hasty, John A., 255. 
Haynes, John C, 255. (ill.) 
Haynes, Tilly, J56. (ill.) 
Hemcnuav, .UlVed. 257. 
Hemriiuav, Krr.knck M., 257. 
Herl.crl. John, 237. (ill.) 
Hersey, Ira G., 258. 
Hillard, James L., 258. 
Hills, Thomas, 258. 
Hincks, Edward W , 259. (ill.) 
Hobbs, George M., 260. 
Hodgkins, William E., 261. (ill.) 
Holmes, Ohver W., 261. 
Holton, Eugene A., 262. (ill.) 
Homans, John, 262. 
Homes, William, 263. (ill.) 
Hooper. Franklin H., 263. 
Horsford, Fben N., 263. (ill.) 
Horton, William 11., 265. 
Houghton, Henry A,, 265. 
Howe, Ehas, 265. (ill.) 
Howe, Elmer P., 267. 

Hunnewcll. James F, 267. (ill.) 
Hunt, Freeman, 20S. (ill.) 
Hunt, William P., 26S. (ill.) 
Huntress, C.eorge L., 26S. 
Hutchinson. EI.en, 269. (ill.) 



alls, William. 269. (ill.) 
is, George H., 270. 



Jack, Edwin E., 271. 

Jack, Frederick L., 271. 

Jackson, Philip A., 271. 

Jackson, William, 271. (ill.) 

Jacobs, D,avid H., 272. 

Jacobs, J. Arthur, 272. (ill.) 

Jefts, William A., 272. 
lenkins, Charles, 273. 
K-nkins, Edw.ard J., 273. (ill.) 
Inhus.m, Eugene M., 274. 
Johnson, Frank M.. 274. (ill.) 
Johnson, I lokiick W., 27^. 
Jones, Arthur K., 2-4. (.ill.) 
Jones, Claudius M., 275. 
Jones, D. Wayland, 275. 
Jones, Frank, 275. (ill.) 
Jones, Leonard A., 276. (ill.) 
Jordan, Henry G., 277. 



K. 

Ke.any, Matthew, 277. (ill.) 
Kellogg, Edward B., 278. 
Kellogg, Warren F., 27S. (ill.) 
Kendall, Henry H., 279. 
Kendrick, George W., jr., 279. (i 
Kennedy, .Monzo L., 279. 
Kennedy, George G., 279. (ill.) 
Kenny, James W., 280. (ill.) 
Kimball, Charles W., 280. 
Kimball, John W., 281. (ill.) 
Kimball, Leonard M., 2S2. 
Kimball, .Samuel -\., 282. 
Kimpton, Carlos W.. 2S2. (ill.) 
Kimpton, Edwin S., 282. (ill.) 
Kingman, Hosea, 2S3. (ill.) 
Kingman, Rufus A., 2S3. 
Kinsman, Edgar O., 283. 
Knight, Frederick L, 2S3. 
Knight, Ii.sei.h K., 2S4. 
Knowles, William F., 284. 



2S4. 



Laforme, Viiuei 
Langm.ii.i. S.iniucl W.. 2S5. (ill. 
Lathrnp. l.,l,ii. J.S5. ^ill.) 
Lawrence, William 1!., 285. 
Leach, Elbridge C, 286. 
Leach, Elbridge G., 286. 
Leatherbee, W^illiam H., 2S6. 
Lee, William H., 286. (ill.) 
Leighton, George E., 287. (ill.) 
Leighton, John W., 2S8. 
Leland, George A., 288. (ill.) 
Leonard, George H., 2S8. (ill.) 
Leseur, Horatio, 2Sq. 
Lewis, riiarlr, II . -S,,. (ill.) 
Lewis, IMuin 1 , I, .JO,,. 

Lewis, Isaac X., 290. (ill.) 
Lewis, Weston, 291. 



Lewis, William W., 291. 
Lincoln, Albert L., 291. 
Lincoln, Solomon, 292. (ill.) 
Lincoln, William, 292. 
Linscott, IXanielC, 293. (ill.) 
Litchfu-M, George A., 293. (ill.) 
I.itllc. Vrlliu,-, 204. 

Locke,F.ca.V.,294. 
Lockwood, Rhodes, 294. 
Longfellow, Ale.\ander W., jr., 295. 
Loring, Caleb W., 295. 
Loring, Edward P., 296. 
Loring, George F., 296. 
Lothrop, Augustus, 296. (ill.) 
Lothrop, Daniel, 297. (ill.) 
Lovell, Benjamin S., 297. 
Lovell, John P., 298. 
Lovering, Henry B., 298. 
Lovett, Joseph, 299. 
Lowell, John, 299. (ill.) 
Lund, Rodney, 300. 



M. 

Mainland, John W, 300. (ill.) 
Manchester, Forrest C, 300. (ill.) 
Manning, John P., 301. 
Marcy, Henry O., 301. 
Martin, Augustus P., 301. (ill.) 
Martin, Wilham 11., 302. (ill.) 
Malthews, Nathan, jr., 302. 
Maxwell, J. Audley, 303. (ill.) 
Maynadier, James E., 304. 
McCall, Samuel W., 304. 
McCormack, Alexander L., 304. 
McDonald, James A., 304. (ill.) 
Macdonald, William L., 305. 
McDougall, Samuel J., 305. 
McGann, Thomas F., 305. 
M'Glenen, Henry A., 305. (ill.) 
Mclntire, Charles J., 306. 
Mcintosh, David, 306. 
McKay, George E., 306. 
McKay, Henry S., 307. (ill.) 
McKim, John W., 307. (ill.) 
McLaughlin, John A., 30S. 
McLaulhlin. George T., 30S. (ill.) 
McMichael, Willis B., 309. (ill.) 
McXary, William S., 309. 
McXeil, Xcil. 310. 
McNult, John J., 310. 
Meehan, Michael, 310. 
Merrill, Moody, 310 (ill.) 
Meyer, George v. L.. 311. (ill.) 
Miller. Cooi-f-c N.. ;ii. 



,2. (ilk) 

[3. 

l;3>3- (ill.) 



460 



INOKX. 



M.>ni>. Fr.uiLi-. S13. 
M..rn...„,(;..„,;c\V., 3.3. 
M^aii-o,,, \\,l|,am A, 314. 
Mursc, l;u>lii-n;l, 314. (ill.) 
Morse, Elijali A., 315. (ill.) 
Morse, Geor.-e \V , 315. (ill ) 
Morse, L. K..>lt;r, ;i6. ^iU.) 
Morse, Nathan, 316. (ill.) 
Morse, Ran^lall (',.. 317. (ill.) 
Morse, Robert M., jr., 31S. (ill.) 
Morton, Charles, 318. 
Morton, Francis F., 318. 
Moseley, Herbert, 319. 
Mott, J. Varnum, 319. (ill.) 
Mowry, Oscar B., 319. 
Munroe, Martin A., 319. 
Miinroe, William A., 320. 
Murphy, Francis C, 320. 
Murphy, James R., 320. (ill.) 



N. 

Naphen, Henry F., 321. (ill.) 
Nash, Stephen G., 321. (ill.) 
Neal, Alfred J., 322. 
Needham, Daniel, 322. (ill.) 
Newcomb, Edgar A. P., 323. 
Newell, Otis K., 323. (ill.) ' 
Newton. E. Bertram, 324. (ill.) 
Newton, John F., jr., 324. (ill.) 
Nichols, Charles F., 324. 
Noble, John, 325. 
Norcross, James A., 325. (ill.) 
Norcross, John H., 326. 
Norcruss, Orlando W., 326. (ill.) 
Norris, .\lbcrt I,., 326. 
North. Charles IL, 326. (ill.) 
Norton, William A., 327. (ill.) 
Noyes, David W., 328. (ill.) 
Nugent, James H., 328. 



Page, Edxvard, 335. 
Page, Frank W.'.^is. (ill.) 
Page, George H., 33(i. (ill.) 
Page, Washburn E., 336. (ill.) 
Page, Wesley L., 336. (ill.) 
Paine, Charles J., 337. (ill.) 
Paine, Robert T., 557. 
Parker, Bowdoin S.^ 33S. 
Parker, Charles W., 338. (ill.) 
Parker, Edmund M., 339. 
Parker, Henry G., 339.' 
Parker, Joseph W., 340. (ill.) 
Parkman. Henry, 340. 
Parks. b,l,„ \V.,' u'n. 
Pannc/uo-, W.lHan, E.,'. 341. (ill.) 

Partridge, Horace, 342. (ill) 
Payne, Frederick W., 343. (ill.) 
Payne, James H., 343. (ill.) 
Payne, James H., jr., 344. 
Peabody, Francis, jr., 344. (ill.) 
Pearson, Linus E., 344. 
Peirce, llenrv, 34V (ill.) 
Peircc, \Nancn .\.', 345. 
Perkins, Ivbvard .\., ^S- 
Perry, K,:.,,., 1- , U'.'filL) 
Peri-^. I 1 , u,L, ;.,.,. (i||.) 

Plielr. I, I . ;47-(ill.) 

Ph,ll,|.,. I,. -I,,, A, U7-(ill.) 
Picxc, |..l,n, 34N. 
PilKKiu-y, .\li.-,r( E., 348. (ill,) 
Pilsbury, Edwin E., 349. 
Pinkerton, Alfred S , 349. (ill.) 
Piper, James R., 350. 
Plummer, Kufus P., jr., 350. (ill.) 
Pomeroy. Ilir.un S., 351. 
Pope, All,. r. .\.. 35>'"(in.) 
Pope, Avllini- W,. ;^i. (iU.) 
Pop'-'. W.lli.n,,. ;,,, ,ill.) 
Porte, \l. .Mi.., s,352. (ill,) 
Porter., linl.sl;. ;^3. (ill.) 



Rand, Arnold A,, 364, 
Rand, George D., ;64. 
Rannev. .\,iil,rMs,. \ . 364. (ill.) 
Raws.m. W.irirn W . 364, (ill,) 

Reed, James K., 366, 
Rhodes, .Samuel H,, 366. (ill) 
Rice, Alexander H„ 366. (ill) 
Rich, Isaac B., 366. (ill.) 
Richards, Calvin A., 367. (ill.) 
Richards, Joseph R., 368. 
Richardson, Albert W., 368. 
Richardson, Frank C, 36S. 
Richardson, George L., 369. 
Richard-.. h, l,i„-., 1;., 3(39. (ill.) 
Rich,!,.!- \l H., 369. 

Ricb.ul .:. ■,,. W., 370. 

Richardson, \Vnii.am H„ 370, (ill) 
Ricker, James W., 371, 
Rinn, J, Philip, 371. 



Roads, 
Robinsi 



371- 



Charles H;, 371. (ill.) 
Robinson, Ercdei ick M., 372, 
Rockwell, Horace l., 372, (ill.) 
Rogers, Homer, 373. (ill.) 
Root, Henry A,. }- j,. 
Root, William .\., jr., 373. 
Ropes, John C, 374. 
Ross, Henry F., 374. (ill) 
Rotch, Arthur, 375. 
Rowe, Gei.rge H. \1,, 575. (ill) 
Russell, .Villiur II., 376. 
Russell, I'liailes r., 3711. (ill) 
Russell, (. harles l., jr., 377, 
Russell Daniel, 377. (ill.) 
Russell, Thom.rs IE, 37S. (ill.) 
Russell, William E., 379, (ill) 
579- 



Nathaniel 



o. 

Oakes, William H., 329. 
O'Brien, John B., 329. 
O'Keefe, Michael W., 329. 
Oliver, Fitch E., 329. (ill.) 
Olmstead, James M., 330. 
O'Meara, Stephen, 330. 
O'Neil, Joseph U., 330. (ill.) 
Orcntt, Frank E,, 331. 
Osborn, Francis A., 331. (ill.) 
Osgood, Hamilton, 333. 
Osgood, Nathan C, ^^^. 
Osgood, WiUiam N., 3^;^. 
O'Shea, Edward F., 333. (ill) 
O'Shea, Patrick, 334. 
Otis, Albert B,, 334, 



Prince, ( h.ules.\.,3.,2. (ill; 
Pn.etM,., rin.,nas P., 302. 
Proctor, Ihonias W., 362. 
Purman, William J., 363. (ill) 
Putnam, J. Pickering, 363. 



•Jnimby, Ralph A., 363 



Saltonstall, Leverett, 3S0. 
Sampson, Walter S., 3S0. (ill.) 
Sanborn, Henry W., 381. 
Sanders, Orren B., 381. 
Sanders, Orren S., 381. 
Sanford, Alpheus, 381. (ill) 
Sanger, Chester F., 382. 
Savage, Henry W., 382. 
Sawin, Charles D., 383. 
Sawyer, Charles W., 383. 
Sawyer, Timothy T., 383. 
Sayward, William H., 384. 
Scott, Charles VV., 384. (ill) 
Seaver, Edwin P., 384. 
Sharpies, Stephen P., 3S5. 
Shattuck, Frederick C, 3S5. 
Shattuck, George O., 385. (ill.) 
Shaw, John 0.,jr., 386. 
Shaw, James S., 386. 
Shaw, Levi W., 386. (ill) 
Shepar.l, Edward O., 387. (ill.) 



461 



Shepard, Harvcv N., 3SS. 
Shepar.I, Juhn.jSS. (ill.) 
Shepherd, James, 3S9. 
Shepley, George F., 3S9. 
Shuman, A., 389. (ill ) 
Simmons, John F., 390. (ill.) 
Simp^on. Frank F.. :;oi, iill.) 
Sleeper. S. S,. vn. nil.) ' 
Slocurn, William F. , 30I. (ill.) 
Slociim, Winlield S., 392. 
Smilh, Albert C, 392. 
Smith, Charles \V.. 392. (lU.) 
Smith, Fu-eiu- IF. 393. 
Smith, la,.nkl,i,, V,;. (ill.) 
Smith, (,eor;,e F.. 304. 

Smith, (.;. Woklon, 394. (ill ) 
Smith, Henry H., 394. 
Smith, Herbert L., 395. 
Smith, James, 395. 
Smith, j.Heber.39S. 
Smith, Jonathan J.. 395. (ill.) 
Smith, kohert I)., ^ofa. (ill.) 
Smith, Willi.iii, !• .307. 
Smith, Winlidd S.'io;. 
Snow, S.muKl. ;o; ' 
Soley. John ( k. 307, (ill.) 
Soule, I aureilLO F,. 39S. 
Soulhanl. Foui^ t\. ;9S. (ill.) 
Spauldu,^. John, ;oo. (ill.) 
Spear, loinnmd I),. 400. (ill) 
Spear. Willi, on F„, 400. (ill.) 
Spencer, Warren W. C, 401. 
Spofford, John 1\, 401. (ill.) 
Sprague, Henry IF, 402. 
Spragiie, Rufus W , 402. (ill.) 
Spun-. Howard W., 403. (ill.) 
Squire, John P.. 403. (ill.) 
Stacev, I'M-iii.imin 1\, 404. 



I. 1 )., 404. 
404. (ill.) 



Stearns, William s.. 406. (ill.) 
Stedman, George, 40(1.. (ill.) 
Stedman. llenrv K . 406. 
Stephen,<M,. IFr 
Steven,. < li.irF, 

le, \V.407. 



407. 



Steve 



407. 



Stevens, Fdnar.l F., 40S. 
•Stevens, (;. IF, 40S. 
Stevens, Stephen G., 408. 
Stevenson, John i.., 40S. (ill.) 
Stewart, George A., 409. 
Stone, .\mos, 409. (ill.)' 
Stone, Arthur K., 410. 
Stone, James S., 4ifj. (UI. ) 
Stone, Jonathan, 410. (ill.) 
Stone, I'hineas, 411. (ill.) 
Stone, riiineas F, 411. (ill.) 
Storer, David H., 412. 
Storer. Malcolm, 412. 
Stowell, hd.n, 412. 
Slrout.AlmonA.,4.2. (ill.) 
Stiirgis, R. Clipston, 413. 



.Sullivan, Eugenes, 413. 
Sullivan, John H., 413. (ill.) 
Suter, Hales W., 414. 
Sutherland. John P., 414. 
Swallow, George X., 414. (ill.) 
.Swan, KoI.ert l' , 415. 
Swan. Waller F.. 41'=. 



Swift, Henrv W., 416. (ill.) 
Swift, John F., 416. 



Taft, Charles H., 416. 
Talbot, Emory H., 417. 
Talbot, Israel T., 417. 
Taylor, Bertrand E., 417. 
Taylor, Charles H., 417. (ilF) 
Teele, John O., 419. 
Temple, Thomas V., 415. 
Tenney, John A., 419. (ill.) 
Tenney, Ward M., 419. (ill.) 
Thayer, Charles P., 420. (ill.) 
Thayer, David, 420. (ill.) 
Thayer, Samuel J. F., 421, 
Tho,n|iso„. ClKirlesI-.. 421. (ill.) 
■rhon,,.on,,.o,-g,- F.,422. 
Tliornlon. W,liian,,422. (ilF) 
Thurston, Kufus L., 422. 
Tilden, George T., 423. 
Till.CharlesH., 423. 
Tilton, Frank H., 423. (ill.) 
d'obev, Ed«-ard S., 423. .- 
Tohey, Walter H., 425. 
Tu-rev, George A.. 425. (ill.) 
louer, F.ciiiannn F. M., 426. (ilF) 
dVefrv, William D. T., 426. (ill) 

Tucker'. James C.^427.'(ill.) 
d-uckerman. J. Willard, 427. 
Tufts, Arthur W., 42S. 
Turner, William D., 428. 
Tyler, Joseph H., 428. 



Upham, Henry L., 428. 



Viaux, Frederick H.,429. 
\'inal, Charles A., 429. (ill.) 



w. 

Wade, Fevi C, 430. (ill.) 



Wade. Rufus R., 431. 



Walworth, .Vrtluir C. 433. (ill.) 
Walworth, C.Clark, 434. ^ill.) 



Walworth, James J., 435. (ill.) 
W,are. Darwin E., 435. (ill.) 
Ware, Hnra.e F., 436. 

^^ '■ I- Adam. 436. (ill) " 

W.iiicii. 1 r.uil.lm C.,436. 

W.nreii. IF Langford, 437. 

Warren, Nathan, 437. (ill.1 

k L., 43S. (ill. 

ge H., 43S. 

S„ 439, (ill.) 

-39. (ill.) 
G., 440, 

B. P., 440. 



Washbi 



Weeks, W 
Weil, Cha, 
Welch. Ch 
Wcl li. w 

Weld. A, !■ 
WcUingl.n 
WtdK. ^,111 
Wcnl«..rtl 



s, 440. 

les .\., 440. (ill 

'aHlJ.,441. 

aalding. 441. 



A list 



C, 441- (ill.) 



Wc,l..n-^iniil 
WVlhril,,.,., I 
WrIlicrlKc. I 
Wclhercll.Ge 
Whall. Wilha 
Wheeler, Moi 
Wheelwright, 
Whidden, Re 
Wdiiddcn, Ste 

Wduh.onil',, n 
Willi. I,, 1: 

wiiiio Will, , 



lohl 



■--1. 44-^ 

Waller A., 442. (ill. 

William P., 442. 
W.. 443. 

11 IF. 443. 
1. 11.443. 

li. R. D.,443. 

-..c J., 443. (ill) 

;o>«ell,444. 

-orge H., 444. 

im B. F., 445. (ill) 

rrisP.,445. 
ihn T., 445, 
.enton, 446. 
tephen, 446. 
hn J,. 446. 

■l.i.les W.,446. (ill.) 
l:a,~cll. 447. 
lain A,.447, (ill) 
I-. 447. (ill.) 
.Vilham IF, 44S. 
= nrv M„ 448. (ill) 
mcs F., 449. 
■449- 
>449. 



Willard, Edward A., 450. 
WiUard, Joseph A., 450. (i 
Williams, Fred H., 451 



w 


llian 


s, Ge 


irge F., 451 




w 


Uian 


s, Ila 


rold, 41; r. 




w 


llian 


s. Jol 


".I., 452. 




w 


Ison 


Will 


am P„ 452, 


(ill.) 


w 


ndsi 


r. Sai 


ih S., 452. 




w 


igat 


e, Jai 


les F. 453. 




w 




Fill 


■ '■ • 453. 
■ 1 ■• 453 
' \-454. 


(ill) 
(ill.) 


w. 


.MV, 


aali. 


'.Mgl.tS.,454, (ill.) 


w< 


rtht 


i,All 


ert P., 455. 




Wr 


ght 


Geo, 


=;^'. 455- (ill- 




W) 






ry A., 456. 
Y. 




Voung, 


Jon„ 


i ., .156. 




Yo 


ang, 


Willi 


m .v.. JO, 





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